Pre-synthesized calcium zincate in a green secondary electrode eliminates slurry instability from calcium hydroxide solubility.
Pre-charging manganese oxide electrodes resolves the contradiction between energy density and reliability, achieving 600 mAh/g capacity.
Fluorosulphinate-based gel electrolytes bind volatile sulphur dioxide, preventing leakage while maintaining high ionic conductivity.
Optimizing sulphur concentration in the iron sulphide anode resolves trade-offs between low cost and long lifetime, achieving 100% Coulombic efficiency.
Functionalized disordered carbon cathode eliminates slow solid-state diffusion to achieve high energy and power density simultaneously.
Granular carboxyl polymer particles dissolve in alkaline electrolyte to form a dense paste gel, eliminating bubbles that reduce battery filling rates.
Incorporating a hydrogen scavenger material within the anode or cathode absorbs gas buildup, preventing mechanical damage and extending cycle life.