A bearing disk fixture and optical detector measure CMP lapping head curves and groove depth without caliper damage or wear-assessment error.
A two-step CMP sequence uses oxidant-driven liner removal and conductive-layer protection to avoid shorts, opens, and metal damage.
Closed-loop load control adjusts cleaning member contact in steps to keep wafer pressing force accurate and reduce cleaning defects.
A TE-chip slurry control approach cools or heats CMP abrasive slurry to stabilize removal rate and reduce dishing or erosion.
Closed-loop force measurement adjusts cleaning member pressing amount by threshold steps to improve substrate cleaning precision and throughput.
Curved barriers block used slurry and spread fresh slurry across the polishing pad to improve CMP uniformity, cut defects, and reduce slurry use.
Staged warm and cool purging compounds with matched slurry temperatures stabilize CMP heat, polishing rate, and wafer flatness.