Forward path recording and obstacle detection enable trailer reversing that avoids collisions and pauses for corrective action when deviation grows.
Nonlinear MPC and staged path planning improve articulated vehicle docking accuracy across forward and reverse maneuvers despite modeling errors.
Models trailer motion from pivot-joint velocity and trailer length to improve articulated vehicle simulation for autonomous navigation training.
Rear camera, steering angle, and wheel RPM data are fused to estimate trailer beam length automatically for more accurate trailering assist.
Stored forward-path data and side-object detection let a trailer reversing assistant replan around collision risks and stop when deviation grows.
Offset optical sensors and stereo vision improve vehicle shunting path calculation when glare, tilt, or sensor blockage disrupt target detection.
Integrated relief and non-return valves with one pressure sensor keep trailer steering hydraulics stable despite temperature-driven pressure changes.
Closed-loop steer-by-wire control stabilizes trailer hitch angle in reverse, reducing jackknifing risk and easing backup maneuvers.
Closed-loop steer-by-wire control stabilizes trailer reversing by regulating hitch angle, estimating trailer length, and reducing jackknifing.
Wheel speed data and instantaneous velocity centers are used to estimate trailer articulation angle without costly angle sensors.
Direct trailer-angle sensing lets electric drive wheels correct trailer trajectory despite uneven terrain and variable traction, helping prevent jackknifing.