Fluid property measurement apparatus and fluid property online measurement method

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a fluid property measurement apparatus and a fluid property online measurement method. The apparatus includes: a testing cylinder provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; a liquid stabilizing mechanism including a pre-liquid delivery structure and a gas delivery structure, the pre-liquid delivery structure including a defoaming tank and a detachable pipeline connected thereto, the detachable pipeline being connected to the fluid inlet, and the gas delivery structure including a gas passage capable of injecting gas into the testing cylinder; and a measuring mechanism including a mass detector connected to a bottom of the testing cylinder and a liquid level detector connected within the testing cylinder. The present disclosure solves the problem of online measurement of drilling fluid density in the technical field of fluid measurement.

Description

FLUID PROPERTY MEASUREMENT APPARATUS ANDFLUID PROPERTY ONLINEMEASUREMENT METHOD Related Application[1] The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202311843375.X filed on December 29, 2023, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical Field[2] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of fluid testing, and particularly to a fluid property measurement apparatus and a fluid property online measurement method. Background[3] The descriptions in this section merely provide background information relevant to the present disclosure and should not constitute prior art.[4] In the field of fluid testing, fluid properties are generally characterized by parameters including viscosity and density, which allow technicians to more quickly determine fluid behavior based on liquid physical properties. In particular, drilling fluids are employed for drilling operations in the field of drilling engineering. Measurements of drilling fluid physical properties reveal that corresponding measured values fluctuate with variations in temperature and pressure. Specifically, for example, the density of drilling fluid changes under different temperature or pressure conditions. The density of drilling fluid affects the stability of downhole flow passages. Other variable performance parameters include drilling fluid viscosity. Therefore, timely acquisition of drilling fluid performance parameters within wellbore flow passages and mastery of the variation rules of drilling fluids under fluctuating temperature and pressure conditions provide critical safety guarantees for drilling operations carried out under high temperature and high pressure.[5] In actual construction scenarios, existing drilling fluid measurement apparatuses include various viscosity measuring instruments such as tachometers and torque meters, all of which can measure drilling fluid viscosity. However, apparatuses for online density measurement of pipeline fluids suffer from numerous practical limitations, rendering them incapable of conducting direct real-time density measurement of drilling fluids on site.[6] Existing drilling fluid density measurement apparatuses are mainly classified into three types: gravimetric density testers, gamma-ray density testers, and Coriolis mass flowmeters. All the three types are capable of measuring drilling fluid density. For example, gravimetric density testers require offline sampling of drilling fluid. Each measurement necessitates opening the pipeline, extracting and screening a certain volume of drilling fluid, and introducing the treated sample into the gravimetric density tester for measurement. However, the density of drilling fluid varies with the duration of exposure to conditions outside the wellbore, i.e., it is affected by flow regime, temperature and pressure. Prolonged isolation from the original wellbore environment will render the measured data invalid. Gamma-ray density testers have high sensitivity, yet their radioactive properties render them unsuitable for construction sites with on-site staff. Coriolis mass flowmeters offer high measurement precision but exhibit poor reliability, making them similarly unsuitable for harsh construction environments.[7] Meanwhile, when measuring drilling fluid performance parameters at construction sites, it is impractical to deploy a separate set of equipment for each individual parameter, because construction sites are limited in available space, and pipeline structural modifications must avoid excessive components that would lead to severe structural instability. Accordingly, measuring a plurality of drilling fluid performance parameters via a single integrated apparatus remains a longstanding challenge in the art. Summary[8] Embodiments of the present disclosure aim to provide a fluid property measurement apparatus and a fluid property online measurement method, so as to solve the problem of online measurement of drilling fluid density in the technical field of fluid measurement.[9] The above objectives of the embodiments of the present disclosure are mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[10] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fluid property online measurement method, including a density measurement method which includes the steps of:disposing a testing cylinder on an output passage of liquid to be measured, such that the liquid to be measured continuously flows through the testing cylinder;introducing a positive-pressure gas above the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder to suppress fluctuations in liquid level;obtaining a volume and a mass of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder; andcalculating a density of the liquid to be measured based on the volume and the mass.

[11] Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a fluid property measurement apparatus, including a testing cylinder, a liquid stabilizing mechanism, and a measuring mechanism.

[12] The testing cylinder is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet.

[13] The liquid stabilizing mechanism includes a pre-liquid delivery structure and a gas delivery structure. The pre-liquid delivery structure includes a defoaming tank and a detachable pipeline connected thereto. The detachable pipeline is connected to the fluid inlet. The gas delivery structure includes a gas passage capable of injecting gas into the testing cylinder.

[14] The measuring mechanism includes a mass detector connected to a bottom of the testing cylinder and a liquid level detector connected within the testing cylinder.

[15] Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions of the present disclosure achieve the following characteristics and advantages.

[16] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the testing cylinder is configured to hold liquid to be measured, and the measuring mechanism acquires the weight and volume of the liquid, so as to implement online density measurement of the liquid under given temperature and pressure conditions, namely real-time density detection of drilling fluid transported through drilling pipelines. This avoids the problem that the drilling fluid deviates from the original temperature and pressure environment within the drilling pipeline and undergoes property changes, which would consequently render the measurement results invalid. Further, the liquid stabilizing mechanism performs pre-treatment on the liquid to be measured to reduce interfering factors that are introduced during direct delivery from the original environment and impair measurement accuracy. Specifically, in the present embodiment, pre-treatment is performed on drilling fluid delivered in real time from borehole pipelines prior to measurement.

[17] Further, in the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first rotating structure is arranged, such that the testing cylinder can measure the liquid viscosity in addition to the density measurement, which solves the problem that conventional viscosity measuring tools cannot perform on-site online measurement. Further, independent devices are required for both conventional viscosity measurement and density measurement. Therefore, when performance parameters of the same liquid are required, the liquid needs to be delivered into different measuring instruments in sequence. As a result, the properties of the liquid to be measured may change due to environmental and time variations, leading to inaccurate measurement results in the entire measurement process. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the present embodiment integrates density detection and viscosity detection. All detection procedures are completed within the same testing cylinder 1, so as to eliminate errors caused by liquid property variation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[18] FIG. 1 illustrates a structural diagram of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[19] FIG. 2 illustrates a structural diagram of a detachable structure of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[20] FIG. 3 illustrates a structural diagram of a first example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[21] FIG. 4 illustrates a structural diagram of a second example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[22] FIG. 5 illustrates a structural diagram of a third example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[23] FIG. 6 illustrates a structural diagram of a fourth example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[24] FIG. 7 illustrates a structural diagram of a fifth example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[25] FIG. 8 illustrates a structural diagram of a sixth example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[26] FIG. 9 illustrates a structural diagram of a seventh example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[27] FIG. 10 illustrates a structural diagram of an eighth example of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[28] FIG. 11 illustrates an internal top view of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[29] FIG. 12 illustrates another internal top view of a testing cylinder of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[30] FIG. 13 illustrates an internal top view of a centralizing structure of a fluid property measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[31] Reference numerals:1: testing cylinder; 11: fluid inlet; 12: fluid outlet; 13: residue collecting trough;2: liquid stabilizing mechanism; 21: pre-liquid delivery structure; 211: defoaming tank; 2111: liquid chamber; 2112: gas chamber; 2113: defoaming elastic membrane; 2114: gas inlet; 2115: liquid inlet; 2116: liquid outlet; 212: detachable pipeline; 2121: first pipeline; 2122: second pipeline; 22: gas delivery structure; 221: gas passage; 23: detachable structure; 231: sealing convex ring; 232: sealing groove; 24: bypass pipeline; 25: three-way valve; 26: baffle plate; 27: check valve; 28: hydraulic control system; 281: shaft; 29: fixing point;3: first rotating structure; 31: rotating rod; 311: hollow channel; 312: gas hole; 32: first rotating cylinder;4: gas inlet pipe; 41: inner channel;5: centralizing structure; 51: centralizing base; 511: accommodating cavity; 512: outer base; 5121: gas injection hole; 5122: gas discharge hole; 513: inner base; 514: gas chamber; 52: matching rod; 521: gas inlet hole ; 53: float body; 531: float block; 54: protective cover; 55: tachometer; 56: first gas rod; 57: second gas rod; 58: third gas rod;6: damping structure; 61: electromagnetic coil; 62: elastic damping membrane;7: second rotating cylinder; 71: flow hole; 72: drive motor;8: flow-restricting cylinder; 81: flow-restricting plate; 82: steam injection annular cavity; 83: flow-restricting hole; 84: flow-restricting elastic membrane;9: measuring mechanism; 91: mass detector; 92: liquid level detector; α: angle. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[32] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions disclosed herein, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, those described are merely a part rather than all embodiments of the present disclosure. Any other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts should fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[33] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may be interposed therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may be interposed therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not limit the disclosed embodiments to the orientations depicted.

[34] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein should have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains. The terms used in the specification of the present disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[35] As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 10, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fluid property measurement apparatus, including a testing cylinder 1, a liquid stabilizing mechanism 2, and a measuring mechanism 9.

[36] The testing cylinder 1 is provided with a fluid inlet 11 and a fluid outlet 12.

[37] The liquid stabilizing mechanism 2 includes a pre-liquid delivery structure 21 and a gas delivering structure 22. The pre-liquid delivery structure includes a defoaming tank 211, and a detachable pipeline 212 connected to the defoaming tank 211 and communicated with the fluid inlet 11. The gas delivering structure 22 is provided with a gas passage 221 capable of injecting gas into the testing cylinder 1.

[38] The measuring mechanism 9 includes a mass detector 91 connected to the bottom of the testing cylinder 1 and a liquid level detector 92 disposed within the testing cylinder 1.

[39] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the testing cylinder 1 is configured to hold liquid to be measured, and the measuring mechanism 9 acquires the weight and volume of the liquid, so as to implement online density measurement of the liquid under given temperature and pressure conditions, namely real-time density detection of drilling fluid transported through drilling pipelines. This avoids the problem that the drilling fluid deviates from the original temperature and pressure environment within the drilling pipeline and undergoes property changes, which would consequently render the measurement results invalid. Further, the liquid stabilizing mechanism 2 performs pre-treatment on the liquid to be measured to reduce interfering factors that are introduced during direct delivery from the original environment and impair measurement accuracy. Specifically, in the present embodiment, pre-treatment is performed on drilling fluid delivered in real time from borehole pipelines prior to measurement. In some embodiments, the pre-treatment includes the following steps: the defoaming tank 211 performs defoaming treatment on bubbles generated during delivery of viscous liquids such as drilling fluid; and the detachable pipeline 212 may be disconnected to eliminate vibration interference imposed by other construction equipment on the mass detector 91 or the liquid level detector 92 when the fluid property measurement apparatus conducts density measurement. The detachable pipeline 212 in the present embodiment can cut off communication among the drilling pipeline, the delivery pump and the testing cylinder 1, thereby reducing vibration impact imposed by construction equipment within the borehole pipeline on the testing cylinder 1. The pre-treatment further includes the following steps: the gas delivery structure 22 injects gas into the testing cylinder 1, which serves two functions: regulating the liquid level height of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1, and forming a gas cushion to suppress fluctuations in liquid level within the testing cylinder 1. This allows the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1 to be measured more accurately and improves the precision for calculating the volume of the liquid to be measured.

[40] As an example, the testing cylinder 1 is substantially a cylinder open at the top. The fluid inlet 11 and the fluid outlet 12 are both arranged at a lower portion of the testing cylinder 1. The liquid to be measured flows into the testing cylinder 1 via the fluid inlet 11 and flows out of the fluid outlet 12. A pre-liquid delivery structure 21 of the liquid stabilizing mechanism 2 is disposed upstream of the testing cylinder 1 and connected between the borehole pipeline and the testing cylinder 1. The pre-liquid delivery structure 21 includes a defoaming tank 211 and a detachable pipeline 212 that are communicated with each other. The detachable pipeline 212 of the pre-liquid delivery structure 21 is communicated with the fluid inlet 11, and the defoaming tank 211 thereof is communicated with the borehole pipeline. The liquid to be measured flows from the borehole pipeline and sequentially passes through the defoaming tank 211, the detachable pipeline 212 and the fluid inlet 11 to be injected into the testing cylinder 1. The gas delivery structure 22 of the present embodiment is connected to an upper portion of the testing cylinder 1. The gas passage 221 of the gas delivery structure 22 is communicated with the testing cylinder 1, and gas is injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221. An opening of the gas passage 221 in the present embodiment is arranged higher than the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1, so as to prevent the gas injected via the gas passage 221 from introducing new bubbles into the liquid to be measured. The mass detector 91 of the measuring mechanism 9 is disposed at the bottom of the testing cylinder 1 to weigh the total weight of the testing cylinder 1 and the liquid to be measured. In the present embodiment, the mass detector 91 is a weighing gauge connected to the bottom of the testing cylinder 1 and configured to support the testing cylinder 1. In other embodiments, the mass detector 91 may adopt a sleeve structure sleeved outside the testing cylinder 1. The bottom of the sleeve structure and the bottom of the testing cylinder 1 are connected via the weighing gauge for weighing the testing cylinder 1 and the liquid to be measured. The sleeve structure prevents inaccurate measurement results caused by offset of the testing cylinder 1 relative to the weighing gauge. No specific limitation is imposed on the structure of the mass detector 91. The liquid level detector 92 is disposed on an inner wall of the testing cylinder 1, and its measuring range extends from the bottom to the top of the testing cylinder 1. The volume of the liquid to be measured may be directly calculated by measuring the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1.

[41] In an embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the detachable pipeline 212 includes a first pipeline 2121 and a second pipeline 2122 that are butted to one another. The first pipeline 2121 is connected to the defoaming tank 211, and the second pipeline 2122 is connected to the fluid inlet 11. A detachable structure 23 is connected between the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122. The detachable structure 23 is provided with a sealing convex ring 231 and a sealing groove 232 which can be engaged with one another.

[42] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure adopts a two-section detachable pipeline structure. When the liquid to be measured is injected into the testing cylinder 1, the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 are communicated to deliver the liquid to be measured from the defoaming tank 211 into the testing cylinder 1. When the testing cylinder 1 measures the density of the liquid to be measured, the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 are disconnected, thereby preventing vibrations generated by the borehole pipeline and the delivery pump during operation from being transmitted to the testing cylinder 1, which would otherwise interfere with the measurement results of the mass detector 91 and the liquid level detector 92.

[43] As an example, a front end of the second pipeline 2122 is connected to the fluid inlet 11. The fluid inlet 11 is provided with a check valve 27 to prevent liquid within the testing cylinder 1 from flowing backward through the fluid inlet 11 into the second pipeline 2122. A rear end of the second pipeline 2122 is detachably connected to a front end of the first pipeline 2121, and a rear end of the first pipeline 2121 is connected to the defoaming tank 211. The first pipeline 2121 in the present embodiment can reciprocate along its axial direction toward or away from the second pipeline 2122 to disconnect or communicate therebetween. In some embodiments, the movement of the first pipeline 2121 is realized by a hydraulic control system 28. A fixing point 29 is disposed outside the first pipeline 2121, and a shaft 281 of the hydraulic control system 28 is connected to the fixing point 29. When the hydraulic control system 28 drives the shaft 281, the first pipeline 2121 moves along its axial direction. In other embodiments, the movement of the first pipeline 2121 may also be realized by a servo motor. An output shaft of the servo motor is meshed with the first pipeline 2121 to drive the first pipeline 2121 to move along its axial direction. No specific limitation is imposed on the specific driving mode of the first pipeline 2121.

[44] In the present embodiment, an outer diameter of the front end of the first pipeline 2121 gradually decreases toward the second pipeline 2122, and an inner diameter of the second pipeline 2122 gradually increases toward the first pipeline 2121, thereby facilitating sealed connection between the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122. Further, in the present embodiment, an angle formed between an outer surface of the front end of the first pipeline 2121 and an axial direction of the first pipeline 2121 ranges from 1.3° to 2.6°, and an angle formed between an inner surface of the front end of the second pipeline 2122 and an axial direction of the second pipeline 2122 ranges from 2.1° to 2.9°, so as to achieve tighter sealed plug-in connection between the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122. In other embodiments, an inner diameter of the front end of the first pipeline 2121 may gradually increase toward the second pipeline 2122, and an outer diameter of the second pipeline 2122 may gradually decrease toward the first pipeline 2121, allowing the second pipeline 2122 to be inserted into the first pipeline 2121. No specific limitation is imposed on the plug-in fitting relationship between the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122. Further, the detachable structure 23 is disposed between the front end of the first pipeline 2121 and the rear end of the second pipeline 2122. The sealing convex ring 231 and the sealing groove 232 of the detachable structure 23 are connected to the front end of the first pipeline 2121 and the rear end of the second pipeline 2122 respectively. Through mating engagement of the sealing convex ring 231 and the sealing groove 232, relative displacement between the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 is restricted, and a gap therebetween is sealed simultaneously.

[45] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the sealing convex ring 231 is connected to an outer wall of the first pipeline 2121, and the sealing groove 232 is provided on an inner wall of the second pipeline 2122. Alternatively, the sealing convex ring 231 is connected to the inner wall of the second pipeline 2122, and the sealing groove 232 is provided on the outer wall of the first pipeline 2121.

[46] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure directly solves the problems of movement limiting and sealing during mating connection of the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 by arranging the sealing convex ring 231 and the sealing groove 232 of the detachable structure 23 on the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 respectively.

[47] Optionally, there are two embodiments regarding the arrangement of the detachable structure 23. As an example, a plurality of sealing convex rings 231 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first pipeline 2121 on the outer wall of the first pipeline 2121, and a plurality of sealing grooves 232 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second pipeline 2122 on the inner wall of the second pipeline 2122. As another example, a plurality of sealing convex rings 231 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second pipeline 2122 on the outer wall of the second pipeline 2122, and a plurality of sealing grooves 232 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first pipeline 2121 on the inner wall of the first pipeline 2121. In other embodiments, no specific limitation is imposed on the arrangement mode of the multiple sealing convex rings 231 and sealing grooves 232. In the present embodiment, when the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 are in a sealed mating connection, each of the plurality of sealing convex rings 231 is received in the corresponding sealing groove 232.

[48] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the defoaming tank 211 is provided with a liquid chamber 2111 and a gas chamber 2112 isolated from each other. The gas chamber 2112 is configured to apply pressure to the liquid chamber 2111 to change the volume of the liquid chamber 2111.

[49] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure includes the defoaming tank 211, such that liquid discharged from the borehole pipeline undergoes defoaming and flow velocity reduction therein. This avoids the problem that liquid extracted from the borehole pipeline is directly delivered into the testing cylinder 1, which would otherwise lead to excessively long defoaming time within the testing cylinder 1 and property variation of the liquid to be measured. It also prevents the liquid extracted from the borehole pipeline from striking the testing cylinder 1 at an excessively high flow velocity; otherwise, the liquid would continuously impinge on the mass detector 91 and the liquid level detector 92 of the measuring mechanism 9, thereby interfering with their reading of the measurement results.

[50] Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the gas chamber 2112 and the liquid chamber 2111 are disposed within the defoaming tank 211 to facilitate pushing the liquid within the defoaming tank 211 to flow from the defoaming tank 211 to the testing cylinder 1. Further, the gas chamber 2112 can apply pressure to the liquid chamber 2111 and change the volume of the liquid chamber 2111, such that the liquid flowing from the liquid chamber 2111 to the testing cylinder 1 can maintain the required liquid pressure and flow velocity, thereby keeping the liquid to be measured in a measurable state.

[51] Exemplarily, the defoaming tank 211 is disposed between the detachable pipeline 212 and the borehole pipeline. An upper portion of an inner cavity of the defoaming tank 211 serves as the gas chamber 2112, and a lower portion of the inner cavity thereof serves as the liquid chamber 2111. In the present embodiment, the defoaming tank 211 is communicated with the borehole pipeline via a liquid inlet 2115. Liquid in the borehole pipeline is extracted by the delivery pump and injected into the defoaming tank 211, where its flow velocity is reduced. Gas entrained in the liquid floats upward and separates therefrom at the reduced flow velocity to enter the gas chamber 2112 of the defoaming tank 211. The gas within the gas chamber 2112 applies a base pressure to the liquid within the liquid chamber 2111 to prevent the liquid pressure in the liquid chamber 2111 from being excessively low, and simultaneously squeezes the liquid within the liquid chamber 2111 to flow into the testing cylinder 1.

[52] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a defoaming elastic membrane 2113 is connected within the defoaming tank 211, and the liquid chamber 2111 and the gas chamber 2112 are isolated from each other by the defoaming elastic membrane 2113.

[53] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure isolates the liquid chamber 2111 and the gas chamber 2112 from each other via the defoaming elastic membrane 2113. A fixed amount of pressurized gas is injected into the gas chamber 2112, such that the liquid in the liquid chamber 2111 flows to the testing cylinder 1 at a constant flow velocity under extrusion or contraction of the gas chamber 2112. In addition, the gas injection amount in the gas chamber 2112 can be dynamically adjusted as required, which changes the pressure applied by such gas to the liquid in the liquid chamber 2111, thereby dynamically adjusting the flow velocity of the liquid flowing to the testing cylinder 1. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure avoids the following problem: an unknown amount of gas gradually accumulates within the gas chamber 2112 during liquid defoaming, which changes the gas pressure in the gas chamber 2112, that is, the pressure applied by the gas in the gas chamber 2112 to the liquid in the liquid chamber 2111 becomes unpredictable, and the flow velocity of the liquid injected from the liquid chamber 2111 into the testing cylinder 1 increases gradually. Meanwhile, by isolating the gas chamber 2112 from the liquid chamber 2111 by the defoaming elastic membrane 2113, gas separated from the liquid can be accurately discharged out of the fluid property measurement apparatus through other paths, thus preventing gas generated during defoaming from interfering with the control of the defoaming tank 211.

[54] As an example, the defoaming elastic membrane 2113 is substantially an elastic membrane structure. The defoaming elastic membrane 2113 in the present embodiment is made of oil-repellent and water-repellent rubber material, and no limitation is imposed on the specific material thereof in other embodiments. The peripheral edges of the defoaming elastic membrane 2113 are connected to the inner wall of the defoaming tank 211. The defoaming elastic membrane 2113 divides the inner cavity of the defoaming tank 211 into the gas chamber 2112 and the liquid chamber 2111 isolated from each other, and the gas chamber 2112 is disposed above the liquid chamber 2111. In the present embodiment, both the liquid inlet 2115 and a liquid outlet 2116 of the defoaming tank 211 are communicated with the liquid chamber 2111. The liquid inlet 2115 of the defoaming tank 211 is communicated with the borehole pipeline, and the liquid outlet 2116 of the defoaming tank 211 is communicated with the detachable pipeline 212. In some embodiments, the amount of gas within the gas chamber 2112 is fixed. When the liquid pressure within the liquid chamber 2111 changes, the defoaming elastic membrane 2113 bulges toward the liquid chamber 2111 or contracts away therefrom to change the volume of the liquid chamber 2111. Further, the pressure applied by the gas chamber 2112 to the liquid chamber 2111 is transmitted via the defoaming elastic membrane 2113, that is, the defoaming elastic membrane 2113 squeezes the liquid in the liquid chamber 2111 to push such liquid to flow toward the testing cylinder 1.

[55] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the defoaming tank 211 is provided with a gas inlet 2114, the liquid inlet 2115 and the liquid outlet 2116. The gas inlet 2114 is communicated with the gas chamber 2112, the liquid inlet 2115 and the liquid outlet 2116 are respectively communicated with the liquid chamber 2111, and the detachable pipeline 212 is connected to the liquid outlet 2116.

[56] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the liquid inlet 2115 and the liquid outlet 2116 are disposed, such that liquid delivered from the borehole pipeline to the testing cylinder 1 can stay in the defoaming tank 211 for defoaming. By disposing the gas inlet 2114, the gas injection amount of the gas chamber 2112 can be dynamically adjusted. The pressure applied by the gas chamber 2112 to the liquid chamber 2111 can be dynamically adjusted based on measurement requirements to control the flow velocity of the liquid. This prevents excessively high flow velocity from generating bubbles in the liquid during flow, and avoids the following problems caused by excessively low flow velocity: the liquid stagnates in the defoaming tank 211 and denatures into a high-viscosity state, which not only impedes normal liquid flow toward the testing cylinder 1 but also renders measurement results invalid due to liquid property variation.

[57] Exemplarily, the liquid inlet 2115 and the liquid outlet 2116 are communicated with the liquid chamber 2111. The liquid inlet 2115 is disposed at a middle portion or an upper portion of the liquid chamber 2111 and is communicated with the borehole pipeline. The liquid outlet 2116 is disposed at the bottom of the liquid chamber 2111 to provide sufficient space for bubbles to gather and float upward, so as to prevent the liquid having entered the defoaming tank 211 from being directly injected into the testing cylinder 1 without complete defoaming. The liquid outlet 2116 in the present embodiment is communicated with the first pipeline 2121. The gas inlet 2114 is communicated with the gas chamber 2112. By injecting gas into the gas chamber 2112 via the gas inlet 2114 to change the gas pressure within the gas chamber 2112, the gas chamber 2112 applies pressure to the liquid chamber 2111 to change the volume thereof. In the present embodiment, the gas chamber 2112 and the liquid chamber 2111 are isolated from each other by the defoaming elastic membrane 2113. In other embodiments, the gas chamber 2112 is communicated with the liquid chamber 2111, which is not specifically limited herein. The gas inlet 2114 is disposed on the top of the gas chamber 2112 in the present embodiment, while the mounting position of the gas inlet 2114 within the gas chamber 2112 is not specifically limited in other embodiments. In additional embodiments, the defoaming tank 211 is further provided with a gas outlet, through which gas within the gas chamber 2112 can be discharged, so as to reduce the gas pressure within the gas chamber 2112, lower the pressure applied by the gas chamber 2112 to the liquid chamber 2111, and decrease the flow velocity of liquid within the liquid chamber 2111.

[58] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a bypass pipeline 24 is connected to the first pipeline 2121, and a three-way valve 25 is connected between the bypass pipeline 24 and the first pipeline 2121. The three-way valve 25 enables the liquid flowing through the first pipeline 2121 to return to the borehole pipeline via the bypass pipeline 24.

[59] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the bypass pipeline 24 and the three-way valve 25 are disposed. When the testing cylinder 1 is in a density measurement state and the docking between the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 is disconnected, the liquid extracted from the borehole pipeline into the defoaming tank 211 can flow continuously. This avoids the following problem: disconnection of the docking between the first pipeline 2121 and the second pipeline 2122 halts the flow of liquid within the defoaming tank 211 and the first pipeline 2121, resulting in liquid property variation, increased liquid viscosity and weakened fluidity. Even if liquid delivery is restarted later, the high-viscosity liquid obstructs newly injected liquid. Extensive flushing and cleaning are required to unclog the defoaming tank 211 and the first pipeline 2121 and ensure that all the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 is freshly extracted. Accordingly, it prevents denatured liquid from being mixed into the testing cylinder 1 and rendering measurement results invalid. Meanwhile, overly prolonged flushing lowers the overall measurement efficiency of the fluid property measurement apparatus.

[60] Exemplarily, the three-way valve 25 of the present embodiment is disposed at the front end of the first pipeline 2121. The bypass pipeline 24 is connected to the first pipeline 2121 via the three-way valve 25. The three-way valve 25 is provided with a first flow passage and a second flow passage that are switchable, wherein the first pipeline 2121 is communicated with the second pipeline 2122 via the first flow passage, and the first pipeline 2121 is communicated with the bypass pipeline 24 via the second flow passage. When the three-way valve 25 is switched to the second flow passage, liquid flows from the first pipeline 2121 to the bypass pipeline 24, and the second pipeline 2122 is not communicated with the first pipeline 2121. When the three-way valve 25 is switched to the second flow passage, liquid flows from the first pipeline 2121 to the bypass pipeline 24, and the second pipeline 2122 is not communicated with the first pipeline 2121. When the three-way valve 25 is switched to the second flow passage, the borehole pipeline, the defoaming tank 211, the first pipeline 2121 and the bypass pipeline 24 form a conveying pipeline loop communicated back to the borehole pipeline, such that the liquid therein maintains continuous flow.

[61] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the testing cylinder 1 can accommodate the liquid to be measured, and the outlet of the gas passage 221 is disposed near the liquid level of the liquid to be measured.

[62] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the outlet of the gas passage 221 is disposed near the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1. Gas within the gas passage 221 thereby forms a gas cushion layer above the liquid level to suppress fluctuations in liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 and eliminate persistent fluctuations in liquid level induced by internal liquid flow of the testing cylinder 1. In other words, the present disclosure solves the problem of inaccurate readings output by the liquid level detector 92 caused by interference from fluctuations in liquid level.

[63] Exemplarily, the testing cylinder 1 is substantially of a cylindrical structure. The cavity of the testing cylinder 1 is configured to hold the liquid to be measured. Gas is fed into the cavity of the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221. The outlet of the gas passage 221 delivers gas to the area above the liquid level of the liquid to be measured and is disposed facing the liquid level of the liquid to be measured. In another embodiment, the gas flow may be disposed parallel to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured. In other embodiments, the orientation of the outlet of the gas passage 221 may form a certain angle with the liquid level of the liquid to be measured, which is not specifically limited herein. In the present embodiment, the total amount of gas in the space above the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1 is controlled to adjust the gas pressure in such space, such that gas at a constant pressure can continuously apply pressure to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured to reduce fluctuations in liquid level.

[64] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG.4, a baffle plate 26 is disposed above the outlet of the gas passage 221, and an outer diameter of the baffle plate 26 is smaller than an inner diameter of the testing cylinder 1.

[65] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the baffle plate 26 is disposed above the outlet of the gas passage 221, which restricts gas discharged from the outlet of the gas passage 221 from flowing away from the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 (i.e., flowing toward the top of the testing cylinder 1), such that more gas accumulates between the baffle plate 26 and the liquid level of the liquid to be measured to raise the gas pressure therebetween. Consequently, a gas cushion layer is formed below the baffle plate 26 to stabilize the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1, thereby preventing fluctuations in liquid level that would otherwise interfere with measurement performed by the liquid level detector 92. In addition, the size of the baffle plate 26 facilitates the formation of the gas cushion layer and enhances the stabilizing the effect of gas acting on the liquid level of the liquid to be measured.

[66] Exemplarily, the baffle plate 26 is configured to match the cross-sectional shape of the testing cylinder 1. The baffle plate 26 in the present embodiment is circular. In other embodiments, the baffle plate 26 may adopt other shapes, which is not specifically limited herein. The baffle plate 26 is disposed parallel to the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1. In the present embodiment, the baffle plate 26 is connected to a gas inlet pipe 4. In other embodiments, the baffle plate 26 may be connected to the inner wall of the testing cylinder 1, which is not specifically limited herein. In the present embodiment, a gap is reserved between the baffle plate 26 and the testing cylinder 1, which prevents gas injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221 from being fully confined beneath the baffle plate 26; otherwise, pressure fluctuations arising from continuous gas injection would impair the stabilizing effect of the gas cushion layer. The outer diameter of the baffle plate 26 is smaller than the inner diameter of the testing cylinder 1 to retain a gas flow passage therebetween.

[67] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG.1, the gas inlet pipe 4 is inserted into the testing cylinder 1. An inner channel 41 of the gas inlet pipe 4 defines the gas passage 221, and an outlet of the gas inlet pipe 4 serves as an outlet of the gas passage 221. Alternatively, a plurality of gas holes 312 are formed on an outer wall of the gas inlet pipe 4 to collectively serve as the outlet of the gas passage 221. In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, gas is delivered into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas inlet pipe 4 so as to stabilize fluctuations in liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1.

[68] Exemplarily, the gas delivery structure 22 in the present embodiment serves as the gas inlet pipe 4, which adopts a tubular structure. In other embodiments, the specific structure of the gas inlet pipe 4 is not limited. The gas passage 221 is defined within the inner channel 41 of the gas inlet pipe 4. Both ends of the gas inlet pipe 4 have openings, which are communicated with the inner channel 41. One end of the gas inlet pipe 4 is inserted into the testing cylinder 1, and the opening of the inserted end serves as the opening of the inner channel 41, which is disposed near the liquid level of the liquid to be measured and serves as the outlet of the gas passage 221. In the present embodiment, the opening of the inner channel 41 faces the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1. In another embodiments, the opening of the inner channel 41 may be disposed parallel to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured. In still another embodiment, the opening of the inner channel 41 may be disposed at a certain angle relative to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured, which is not specifically limited herein.

[69] In another embodiment, the end of the gas inlet pipe 4 inserted into the testing cylinder 1 may be closed. A plurality of gas holes 312 are formed on a sidewall of the inserted end of the gas inlet pipe 4 and are spaced apart along a circumferential direction of the gas inlet pipe 4. The inner channel 41 is communicated with the plurality of gas holes 312 that collectively serve as the outlet of the gas passage 221. In the present embodiment, the openings of the gas holes 312 are disposed parallel to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured. In another embodiment, the openings of the gas holes 312 may also be disposed facing the liquid level of the liquid to be measured. In still another embodiment, the outlet of the gas passage 221 may be disposed at a certain angle relative to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured. The specific arrangement of the outlet of the gas passage 221 is not limited herein. In other embodiments, the gas passage 221 may be formed within other structures, and the specific structure of the gas pipeline is not limited herein.

[70] According to the fluid property measurement apparatus described above, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fluid property measurement method, including:disposing the testing cylinder 1 on an output passage of liquid to be measured, such that the liquid to be measured continuously flows through the testing cylinder 1; introducing a positive-pressure gas above the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder 1 to suppress fluctuations in liquid level; obtaining the volume and the mass of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder 1; and calculating the density of the liquid to be measured based on the volume and the mass.

[71] The obtaining the volume of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder 1 includes: obtaining the liquid level height of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder; and calculating the volume of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder based on the liquid level height and the cross-sectional area of the testing cylinder.

[72] The obtaining the mass of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 includes: obtaining a first mass of the testing cylinder when no liquid to be measured is contained therein; obtaining a second mass of the testing cylinder when the liquid to be measured continuously flows through the testing cylinder and the liquid level is stable; and obtaining a mass of drilling fluid to be measured in the testing cylinder based on a difference between the first mass and the second mass.

[73] As an example, a first weight of the testing cylinder 1 when no the liquid to be measured is injected thereinto is obtained via the mass detector 91;the liquid to be measured is extracted from the borehole pipeline, and injected into the testing cylinder 1 through the defoaming tank 211, the first pipeline 2121, the second pipeline 2122 and the fluid inlet 11 in sequence; gas with a certain pressure is injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221 to stabilize the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1; and when the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is in a stable state, a second weight of the testing cylinder 1 is measured via the mass detector 91, and the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1 is measured via the liquid level detector 92;the density of the liquid to be measured under this state is obtained based on the cross-sectional area of the testing cylinder 1.

[74] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the fluid property measurement apparatus further includes a first rotating structure 3. The first rotating structure 3 includes a rotating rod 31 and a first rotating cylinder 32 connected thereto, and the first rotating cylinder 32 extends into the testing cylinder 1. A hollow channel 311 is formed within the rotating rod 31, and the hollow channel 311 serves as the gas passage 221. A plurality of gas holes 312 communicated with the hollow channel 311 are disposed on an outer wall of the rotating rod 31, and collectively serve as the outlet of the gas passage 221.

[75] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first rotating structure 3 is arranged, such that the testing cylinder 1 can measure the liquid viscosity in addition to the density measurement, which solves the problem that conventional viscosity measuring tools cannot perform on-site online measurement. Further, independent devices are required for both conventional viscosity measurement and density measurement. Therefore, when performance parameters of the same liquid are required, the liquid needs to be delivered into different measuring instruments in sequence. As a result, the properties of the liquid to be measured may change due to environmental and time variations, leading to inaccurate measurement results in the entire measurement process. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the present embodiment integrates density detection and viscosity detection. All detection procedures are completed within the same testing cylinder 1, so as to eliminate errors caused by liquid property variation.

[76] As an example, the rotating rod 31 of the first rotating structure 3 according to the present embodiment is substantially cylindrical. The rotating rod 31 is disposed along the axial direction of the testing cylinder 1. One end of the rotating rod 31 extends into the testing cylinder 1, and the other end thereof penetrates out of the testing cylinder 1. The first rotating cylinder 32 is connected to the end of the rotating rod 31 that extends into the testing cylinder 1, i.e., a lower end of the rotating rod 31. The first rotating cylinder 32 of the present embodiment is substantially spindle-shaped. In other embodiments, the first rotating cylinder 32 may also be a spindle-shaped structure with an internal cavity, and the structure thereof is not specifically limited herein. An outer diameter of the first rotating cylinder 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the testing cylinder 1, such that an annulus is formed therebetween and can be filled with the liquid to be measured. The first rotating cylinder 32 in the present embodiment is wholly located below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured. Further, to prevent the rotation of the first rotating cylinder 32 from generating vortices in the liquid to be measured, which would otherwise affect the viscosity measurement result thereof, the immersion depth of the first rotating cylinder 32 below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is 3 to 5 times its own height. It should be noted that the immersion depth of the first rotating cylinder 32 below the liquid level means the distance from the bottom thereof to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured.

[77] An online viscosity measurement method of the present embodiment is as follows: an initial preset rotational speed is applied to the first rotating cylinder 32, the first rotating cylinder 32 rotates to drive the liquid to be measured to rotate, and after the rotating state becomes stable, the power supplied to the first rotating cylinder 32 is removed. The viscosity of the liquid to be measured can be calculated by measuring parameters such as the rotational speed decay rate of the first rotating cylinder 32. This calculation method is one type of the existing liquid viscosity measurement methods, and similar calculation methods may also be adopted in other embodiments, with no specific limitation imposed thereon. In the online density measurement method of the present embodiment, the volume of the liquid to be measured should be calculated in combination with the liquid level, the volume of the first rotating cylinder 32, and the volume of the rotating rod 31 immersed below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured.

[78] In the present embodiment, the hollow channel 311 is disposed within the rotating rod 31. The plurality of gas holes 312 are formed on the outer wall of the end of the rotating rod 31 that is located within the testing cylinder 1. The plurality of gas holes 312 are spaced apart along a circumferential direction of the rotating rod 31 and communicated with the hollow channel 311 of the rotating rod 31. The hollow channel 311 of the present embodiment forms a gas passage 221, and the gas holes 312 collectively serve as the outlet of the gas passage 221. Gas flows within the hollow channel 311 of the rotating rod 31 and is injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas holes 312. The openings of the gas holes 312 in the present embodiment are disposed parallel to the horizontal plane of the liquid to be measured. In other embodiments, the openings of the plurality of gas holes 312 may also be disposed facing the liquid level of the liquid to be measured, with no specific limitation imposed thereon. The gas injected from the gas holes 312 cooperates with the baffle plate 26 connected to the rotating rod 31 to form a gas cushion above the liquid level of the liquid to be measured to suppress fluctuations in liquid level. Meanwhile, the gas passage 221 may also be used to adjust the liquid level within the testing cylinder 1. Specifically, a certain amount of gas is injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221. When the injection volume of the liquid to be measured increases and the liquid pressure rises, the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 ascends, the gas space above the testing cylinder 1 is compressed, and the pressure exerted by the gas on the liquid to be measured increases. This restrains the rise of the liquid level to a certain extent and balances the increased pressure of the liquid to be measured. When the injection volume of the liquid to be measured decreases and the liquid pressure drops, the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 descends, the gas space above the testing cylinder 1 expands, and the pressure exerted by the gas on the liquid to be measured decreases. This slows down the descending speed of the liquid level to a certain extent and balances the reduced pressure of the liquid to be measured, thereby achieving the effect of liquid level compensation for the liquid to be measured. In addition, it avoids the problem of fluctuations in liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1, which are caused by pressure changes of the liquid pumped by the delivery pump disposed in the borehole pipeline resulting from power variations of the delivery pump. In other embodiments, the volume of positive-pressure gas injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221 can be actively adjusted to further regulate the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1.

[79] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the fluid property measurement apparatus further includes a centralizing structure 5, which includes a centralizing base 51, a matching rod 52, and a float body 53.

[80] The centralizing base 51 is connected to the top of the testing cylinder 1. An accommodating cavity 511 communicated with an external gas source is formed within the centralizing base 51.

[81] The matching rod 52 is connected to an end of the rotating rod 31 extending out of the testing cylinder 1. A plurality of gas inlet holes 521 located within the accommodating cavity 511 are formed on the matching rod 52 and communicated with the hollow channel 311.

[82] The float body 53 is provided with a plurality of float blocks 531 spaced apart along a circumferential direction of the matching rod 52.

[83] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the centralizing base 51, the matching rod 52 and the float body 53 are disposed, such that the rotating rod 31 can be suspended within the centralizing base 51 under the action of the float body 53. This reduces friction borne by the rotating rod 31 during rotational measurement and prevents data errors caused by such friction when measuring the viscosity of the liquid to be measured. Meanwhile, gas enters the gas passage 221 within the rotating rod 31 via the centralizing base 51, so as to not only suppress fluctuations in liquid level and reduce friction on the rotating rod 31, but also generate positive pressure within the centralizing base 51 to prevent external impurities from entering the testing cylinder 1 through a fitting gap between the rotating rod 31 and the testing cylinder 1 and affecting the measurement results of the liquid to be measured.

[84] As an example, the centralizing base 51 is disposed on an upper side surface of the top of the testing cylinder 1. The centralizing base 51 adopts a cylindrical structure provided with the accommodating cavity 511. In other embodiments, the centralizing base 51 may alternatively adopt a cubic structure provided with the accommodating cavity 511, and no specific limitation is imposed on the specific structure of the centralizing base 51. The matching rod 52 is provided on the end of the rotating rod 31 extending out of the testing cylinder 1. The matching rod 52 in the present embodiment is also of a tubular structure, disposed along an axial direction of the rotating rod 31 and connected to one end thereof. The matching rod 52 is disposed within the accommodating cavity 511 of the centralizing base 51. The inner cavity of the matching rod 52 is communicated with the hollow channel 311 of the rotating rod 31. The plurality of gas inlet holes 521, through which the hollow channel 311 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 511, are formed in the side wall of the matching rod 52. The plurality of gas inlet holes 521 are spaced apart along a circumferential direction on the side wall of the matching rod 52 to realize uniform gas intake into the hollow channel 311. The float body 53 in the present embodiment is made of lightweight material and disposed along an axial direction of the matching rod 52. The upper end area of the float body 53 is smaller than the lower end area thereof, such that the float body 53 can be suspended under the action of pressurized gas. A plurality of float bodies 53 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the matching rod 52, so as to avoid deflection and other defects of the matching rod 52 caused by unbalanced gravity during suspension. In present embodiment, when no gas is injected into the accommodating cavity, both the matching rod 52 and the float body 53 come into contact with the upper side surface of the top of the testing cylinder 1 under gravity. When positive-pressure gas supplied by an external gas source is injected into the accommodating cavity, a thrust difference caused by gas pressure acts on the upper and lower ends of the float body 53, such that the float body 53 is suspended within the accommodating cavity 511 and further drives the matching rod 52 to suspend within the accommodating cavity 511 together. In other embodiments, no specific limitation is imposed on the shape of the float body 53.

[85] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 8, the fluid property measurement apparatus further includes a damping structure 6, which is configured to reduce the rotational speed of the matching rod 52.

[86] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the damping structure 6 is provided to rapidly reduce the rotational speed of the matching rod 52. The matching rod 52 drives the rotating rod 31 to fast decelerate and quickly cease rotation, thereby eliminating the rotating state of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1. After the viscosity measurement process of the liquid to be measured, the liquid to be measured can quickly return to a static state for density measurement. This avoids the problem that excessively long time duration required for the liquid to be measured to return to the static state will reduce the number of measurements per unit time and lead to low efficiency of online density measurement. Further, when the detachable pipeline 212 is disconnected, excessive waiting time for the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 to become static may cause property variation thereof and render the measured data of the liquid to be measured invalid.

[87] In the present embodiment, the damping structure 6 is disposed within the accommodating cavity 511 of the centralizing base 51. In other embodiments, the damping structure 6 may also be disposed outside the centralizing base 51 or within the testing cylinder 1, and no specific limitation is imposed thereon. In the present embodiment, the damping structure 6 includes an activation device capable of turning on or off a damping function, and an acting device connectable to the matching rod 52. When the activation device turns on the damping function, the acting device applies a force opposite to the rotational direction of the matching rod 52 to the matching rod 52, or the acting device abuts against the matching rod 52 to generate friction, so as to rapidly reduce the rotational speed of the matching rod 52.

[88] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the damping structure 6 includes an electromagnetic coil 61 connected to an inner peripheral wall of the centralizing base 51, and the float body 53 is made of an electrically conductive material.

[89] The fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the electromagnetic coil 61 and the electrically conductive material are adopted. When the electromagnetic coil 61 is energized, the float body 53 rotates within an induced magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 61 to cut magnetic induction lines, and eddy currents are generated within the float body 53. The eddy currents within the float body 53 generate another induced magnetic field that interacts with the induced magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 61. The direction of the force applied by the float body 53 to the matching rod 52 is opposite to the rotational direction of the matching rod 52. Under the action of the float body 53, the rotational speed of the matching rod 52 can be rapidly reduced to stop rotation.

[90] As an example, the electromagnetic coil 61 is wound along a circumferential direction of the matching rod 52 and disposed on an inner peripheral wall of the centralizing base 51. In other embodiments, the centralizing base 51 may also be configured as an inner and outer nested double-cylinder structure, wherein the centralizing base 51 includes an inner base 513 and an outer base 512 sleeved outside the inner base 513, the accommodating cavity 511 is disposed within the inner base 513, and the electromagnetic coil 61 is disposed on the inner wall of the inner base 513. In other embodiments, no specific limitation is imposed on the position of the electromagnetic coil 61, provided that the electromagnetic coil 61 cooperates with the float body 53 to generate a force opposite to the rotational direction of the rotating rod 31.

[91] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 7, 8 and 13, the damping structure 6 includes at least one elastic damping membrane 62 connected to an inner wall of the centralizing base 51. A gas chamber 514 is formed in a peripheral side wall of the centralizing base 51. When gas is injected into the gas chamber 514, the at least one elastic damping membrane 62 can expand toward the accommodating cavity 511 to abut against the float body 53.

[92] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic damping membrane 62 and the gas chamber 514 are disposed such that the float body 53 can be squeezed to generate friction and resistance acting on the matching rod 52, thereby rapidly reducing the rotational speed of the rotating rod 31 and quickly stopping the rotation of the matching rod 52.

[93] Specifically, the gas chamber 514 is disposed on the peripheral side wall of the centralizing base 51, and communicated with a second external gas source to dynamically adjust the gas pressure in the gas chamber 514. The elastic damping membrane 62 is disposed on the peripheral side wall of the centralizing base 51, wherein one side of the elastic damping membrane 62 faces the accommodating cavity 511, and the other side thereof faces the gas chamber 514. When the gas pressure in the gas chamber 514 increases, the elastic damping membrane 62 bulges toward the float body 53 located within the accommodating cavity 511 and abuts against the float body 53.

[94] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 7, 8 and 13, the centralizing base 51 includes an inner base 513 and an outer base 512 sleeved outside the inner base 513. The outer base 512 is connected to the top of the testing cylinder 1, and the gas chamber 514 is formed between the inner base 513 and the outer base 512. A gas injection hole 5121 and a gas discharge hole 5122 are formed on the outer base 512. A plurality of elastic damping membranes 62 are provided, which are connected to the inner base 513 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the gas chamber 514.

[95] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the centralizing base 51 is composed of the inner base 513 and the outer base 512 sleeved outside, which provides uniform gas pressure in multiple directions for the plurality of elastic damping membranes 62 to achieve uniform deformation. By disposing the gas injection hole 5121 and the gas discharge hole 5122, the gas pressure in the gas chamber 514 can be dynamically adjusted as required, that is, the bulging degree of the elastic damping membranes 62 can be adjusted, which realizes dynamic adjustment of the squeezing force exerted by the elastic damping membranes 62 on the float body 53 according to the rotational speed. The plurality of elastic damping membranes 62 are disposed at intervals, which also avoids the offset of the rotating rod 31 caused by only one elastic damping membrane 62 bulging unilaterally to abut against the float block 531.

[96] Specifically, both the inner base 513 and the outer base 512 in present embodiment are substantially cylindrical structures. An outer diameter of the inner base 513 is smaller than an inner diameter of the outer base 512, and a gap between the inner base 513 and the outer base 512 forms the sealed gas chamber 514. The gas injection hole 5121 and the gas discharge hole 5122 are formed on the side wall of the outer base 512, and the gas chamber 514 is communicated with the second external gas source via the gas injection hole 5121 and the gas discharge hole 5122. The elastic damping membrane 62 is disposed on the side wall of the inner base 513, wherein one side of the elastic damping membrane 62 faces the interior of the accommodating cavity 511 and is arranged toward the float block 531, and the other side thereof faces the gas chamber 514. When the gas pressure in the gas chamber 514 increases, the plurality of elastic damping membranes 62 bulge toward the float body 53 located within the accommodating cavity 511 and abut against the float body 53. When the gas pressure in the gas chamber 514 decreases, the plurality of elastic damping membranes 62 retract in a direction away from the float body 53. The elastic damping membrane 62 of present embodiment is substantially made of a rubber material. In other embodiments, the elastic damping membrane 62 may also be made of other elastic materials, which is not specifically limited herein.

[97] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the fluid property measurement apparatus further includes a second rotating cylinder 7 rotatably disposed within the testing cylinder 1. The second rotating cylinder 7 is sleeved outside the first rotating cylinder 32, and a plurality of flow holes 71 are formed on the second rotating cylinder 7 above the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1.

[98] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second rotating cylinder 7 is arranged such that the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 can be measured in a stator-rotor viscosity measurement method, which provides a novel viscosity detection method.

[99] Specifically, the second rotating cylinder 7 in the present embodiment is rotatably connected to the top of the testing cylinder 1 and disposed in the inner cavity of the testing cylinder 1. A drive motor 72 of the second rotating cylinder 7 is connected to and disposed outside the top of the testing cylinder 1. The second rotating cylinder 7 is connected to the drive motor 72 via a drive bearing. An inner diameter of the second rotating cylinder 7 in the present embodiment is greater than the outer diameter of the first rotating cylinder 32, such that a measurement gap is existed between the first rotating cylinder 32 and the second rotating cylinder 7. The measurement gap is used to accommodate the liquid to be measured to facilitate the viscosity measurement thereof. The lower end of the second rotating cylinder 7 in the present embodiment is open, and located below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured to allow the liquid to be measured to enter the measurement gap. In other embodiments, the lower end of the second rotating cylinder 7 is sealed, and openings are formed on the side wall of the second rotating cylinder 7 below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured to facilitate entry of the liquid to be measured into the measurement gap. In other embodiments, no specific limitation is imposed on the structure introducing the liquid to be measured into the measurement gap between the first rotating cylinder 32 and the second rotating cylinder 7. A plurality of flow holes 71 are formed on the side wall of the second rotating cylinder 7 above the liquid level of the liquid to be measured in the present embodiment to allow the gas above the liquid level to freely flow into the measurement gap, thereby balancing the gas pressure in each part of the testing cylinder 1. This avoids measurement errors and other problems caused by excessive gas pressure applied to the liquid within the measurement gap due to unequal gas pressure on the inner and outer sides of the second rotating cylinder 7.

[100] In other embodiments, the baffle plate 26 is connected to the rotating rod 31. The outer diameter of the baffle plate 26 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second rotating cylinder 7 to prevent excessive gas pressure beneath the baffle plate 26. The height of the flow hole 71 on the second rotating cylinder 7 is higher than that of the baffle plate 26. Gas discharged from the outlet of the gas passage 221 can flow through the gap between the baffle plate 26 and the second rotating cylinder 7, and then communicate with the rest of the inner cavity of the testing cylinder 1 via the flow hole 71. In a specific embodiment, the distance between the flow hole 71 and the top of the second rotating cylinder 7 accounts for one third of the overall height of the second rotating cylinder 7. In another specific embodiment, the diameter of each flow hole 71 ranges from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, thereby avoiding the problem that excessively large holes lead to excessively low gas pressure beneath the baffle plate 26 in the measurement gap, which fails to suppress fluctuations in liquid level and consequently impairs measurement accuracy. It also avoids the problem that excessively small holes lead to excessively high gas pressure beneath the baffle plate 26 in the measurement gap, which likewise impairs measurement accuracy.

[101] The stator-rotor viscosity measurement method adopted in the present embodiment mainly includes the following steps: the second rotating cylinder 7 rotates at a preset rotational speed and drives the liquid to be measured within the measurement gap to rotate. When the liquid to be measured reaches a stable state, the first rotating cylinder 32 rotates under the driving of the liquid to be measured.

[102] In a specific embodiment, the viscosity of the liquid to be measured is obtained by measuring a rotational torque of the rotating rod 31.

[103] In another specific embodiment, the rotating rod 31 rotates, and the viscosity of the liquid to be measured is obtained by measuring the parameters such as the stable rotational speed of the rotating rod 31 and the time duration required to reach the stable rotational speed. The specific formula of the method is shown as follows:where denotes the apparent viscosity of the liquid to be measured at the stable rotational speed; denotes the outer diameter of the first rotating cylinder 32, in mm; denotes the inner diameter of the second rotating cylinder 7, in mm; denotes the height of the first rotating cylinder 32, in mm; denotes the preset rotational speed of the second rotating cylinder 7, in rad / s; denotes the moment of inertia of the first rotating cylinder 32, in kg·m²; denotes the stable rotational speed of the first rotating cylinder 32, in rad / s; and denotes the time duration required for the first rotating cylinder 32 to reach the stable rotational speed, in s.

[104] In other embodiments, other measurement modes may be adopted for calculation, which is not specifically limited herein.

[105] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the fluid property measurement apparatus further includes a protective cover 54 which encloses the centralizing structure 5. A tachometer 55 is disposed within the protective cover 54 and arranged opposite to the end of the matching rod 52 that extends out of the centralizing structure 5.

[106] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the protective cover 54 is provided to prevent external impurities from directly entering the centralizing structure 5. The tachometer 55 can directly read the rotational speed of the first rotating cylinder 32, which facilitates direct acquisition of the angular rotational speed of the first rotating cylinder 32 when the viscosity of the liquid to be measured is measured in the stator-rotor viscosity measurement method.

[107] Specifically, the protective cover 54 is substantially a cylindrical structure and encloses the exterior of the centralizing base 51. The lower end of the protective cover 54 is hermetically connected to the top of the testing cylinder 1. In a specific embodiment, the accommodating cavity 511 is communicated with an external gas source via a first gas rod 56 which penetrates the protective cover 54, and one end of the first gas rod 56 is connected to the centralizing base 51. In another specific embodiment, the gas injection hole 5121 is connected to a second gas rod 57 which penetrates the protective cover 54, and gas is injected into the gas chamber 514 via the second gas rod 57. The gas discharge hole 5122 is connected to a third gas rod 58 which penetrates the protective cover 54, and gas is exhausted from the gas chamber 514 via the third gas rod 58.

[108] In the present embodiment, the tachometer 55 is connected to the inner wall at the top of the protective cover 54. The tachometer 55 is disposed opposite the end of the matching rod 52 extending out of the centralizing structure 5 to measure the angular rotational speed of the matching rod 52, which is further converted into the rotational speed of the first rotating cylinder 32. In other embodiments, the tachometer 55 may also be disposed opposite and connected to the end of the matching rod 52. The tachometer 55 in the present embodiment is a magnetoelectric rotational speed sensor. In other embodiments, the tachometer 55 may also be a magnetic-sensitive rotational speed sensor, a Hall sensor, a photoelectric rotational speed sensor, a speed measuring gyroscope, or the like, which is not specifically limited herein.

[109] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, the testing cylinder 1 is internally provided with a flow-restricting cylinder 8 and at least one flow-restricting plate 81 connected to the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8. The flow-restricting plate 81 has a first position where the flow-restricting plate 81 fits against the flow-restricting cylinder 8, and a second position where the flow-restricting plate 81 is positioned at a certain angle α relative to the flow-restricting cylinder 8.

[110] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the flow-restricting plates 81 is provided to rapidly block liquid flow after viscosity measurement within the testing cylinder 1 and return the liquid to a static state, thereby avoiding problems such as property variation of the liquid to be measured resulting from an excessively long spin-down time of the liquid.

[111] Specifically, the flow-restricting cylinder 8 is substantially a tubular structure and shaped to fit against the inner wall of the testing cylinder 1. The flow-restricting cylinder 8 is open at its upper and lower ends and has a cylindrical inner wall. The flow-restricting plates 81 are substantially arc-shaped plate structures and hinged to the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 at circumferential intervals thereof. That is, one end of each flow-restricting plate 81 is hinged to the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8, and the other end thereof is free. When the flow-restricting plate 81 fits against the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8, the flow-restricting plate 81 is in the first position. The arc of the flow-restricting plate 81 matches that of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 against which it fits, so as to prevent the flow-restricting plate 81 from protruding relative to the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 and introducing errors into viscosity measurement. When the flow-restricting plate 81 is disposed at an angle α relative to the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8, the flow-restricting plate 81 is in the second position. At this time, the flow-restricting plate 81 disposed at an angle to the liquid flow direction for flow blocking.

[112] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, the angle α ranges from 55° to 65°. In the present embodiment, the angle α is defined as an angle between the flow-restricting plate 81 and the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8. Experiments verify that when the angle α between the flow-restricting plate 81 and the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 ranges from 55° to 65° during liquid blocking, the flow-restricting plate can efficiently block liquid flowing around the rotating rod 31 and rapidly arrest liquid movement.

[113] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, a steam injection annular cavity 82 is formed between the flow-restricting cylinder 8 and the testing cylinder 1. The flow-restricting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of flow-restricting holes 83 arranged at circumferential intervals. A flow-restricting elastic membrane 84 is hermetically connected at each flow-restricting hole 83, and each flow-restricting plate 81 is connected to the corresponding flow-restricting elastic membrane 84.

[114] In the fluid property measurement apparatus according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the flow-restricting holes 83 and the flow-restricting elastic membranes 84 are provided, wherein the flow-restricting elastic membranes 84 protrude toward the interior of the testing cylinder 1 to push the flow-restricting plates 81 to move from the first position to the second position, thereby automatically controlling the flow-restricting plates 81 to synchronously lift.

[115] Specifically, a gap between the flow-restricting cylinder 8 and the testing cylinder 1 forms the steam injection annular cavity 82, in which the gas pressure is controlled by an external pneumatic system. The plurality of flow-restricting holes 83 are disposed on the inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder 8. The flow-restricting elastic membrane 84 is sealed within each flow-restricting hole 83. One side of the flow-restricting elastic membrane 84 faces the inner cavity of the testing cylinder 1, and the other side faces the steam injection annular cavity 82. The side of the flow-restricting elastic membrane 84 facing the inner cavity of the testing cylinder 1 is connected to the corresponding flow-restricting plate 81. When the gas pressure within the steam injection annular cavity 82 increases, the flow-restricting elastic membrane 84 protrudes toward the flow-restricting plate 81, and the flow-restricting plate 81 may move from the first position to the second position. When the gas pressure within the steam injection annular cavity 82 decreases, the flow-restricting elastic membrane 84 contracts in a direction away from the flow-restricting plate 81, and the flow-restricting plate 81 may move back from the second position to the first position.

[116] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, when the testing cylinder 1 is filled with the liquid to be measured, the depth to which the flow-restricting cylinder 8 is immersed in the liquid to be measured is greater than the depth to which the second rotating cylinder 7 is immersed in the liquid to be measured.

[117] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by correspondingly setting the immersion depth of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 and the immersion depth of the second rotating cylinder 7 in the liquid to be measured, the flow-restricting coverage of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 is improved. Specifically, the immersion depth of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 in the liquid to be measured refers to a distance from the bottom of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1, and the immersion depth of the second rotating cylinder 7 in the liquid to be measured refers to a distance from the bottom of the second rotating cylinder 7 to the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1.

[118] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, the immersion depth of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 in the liquid to be measured is 1.5 to 2.2 times that of the second rotating cylinder 7 in the liquid to be measured.

[119] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, an optimal flow blocking effect of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 is achieved by further defining a corresponding relationship between the immersion depth of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 and the immersion depth of the second rotating cylinder 7 in the liquid to be measured. Specifically, a distance from the bottom of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 to the liquid level height of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 is 1.5 to 2.2 times a distance from the bottom of the second rotating cylinder 7 to the liquid level height of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1.

[120] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 10, in a case where the testing cylinder 1 is injected into the liquid to be measured: when the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is lower than a minimum liquid level, the amount of gas injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221 is reduced; and when the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is higher than a maximum liquid level, the amount of gas injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221 is increased.

[121] By defining the operation mode of the gas passage 221, the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 can be controlled. By controlling the liquid level, it further enables control of the immersion depth of the flow-restricting cylinder 8 in the liquid to be measured, and / or the immersion depth of the second rotating cylinder 7 in the liquid to be measured, and / or the immersion depth of the first rotating cylinder 32 in the liquid to be measured.

[122] In a specific embodiment, an amount of positive-pressure gas is injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221. Under the action of the positive-pressure gas, the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is balanced at a steady height. When the steady height is lower than the minimum liquid level, the amount of the positive-pressure gas injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221 should be reduced. At this time, under the action of the new amount of positive-pressure gas, the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is balanced at a first steady height which is higher than the original steady height. When the steady height is higher than the maximum liquid level, the amount of the positive-pressure gas injected into the testing cylinder 1 via the gas passage 221 should be increased. At this time, under the action of the new amount of positive-pressure gas, the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is balanced at a second steady height which is lower than the original steady height. In the present embodiment, the minimum liquid level refers to a liquid level when the immersion depth of the first rotating cylinder 32 below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is three times the height of the first rotating cylinder 32 itself. The maximum liquid level refers to a liquid level when the immersion depth of the first rotating cylinder 32 below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is five times the height of the first rotating cylinder 32 itself. In other embodiments, the liquid level may also be set according to the requirements conceivable to those skilled in the art.

[123] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 10, both the fluid inlet 11 and the fluid outlet 12 are disposed at the bottom of the testing cylinder 1, and a horizontal height of the fluid inlet 11 is lower than that of the fluid outlet 12. By disposing the fluid inlet 11 and the fluid outlet 12 at different heights, the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 is always higher than the fluid inlet 11, which prevents gas from being mixed into the fluid inlet 11 during liquid introducing and thus avoids degradation in gas detection accuracy. In the present embodiment, both the fluid inlet 11 and the fluid outlet 12 are disposed below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1. This prevents gas located above the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1 from leaking out via the fluid outlet 12, which would otherwise cause failure in controlling the gas pressure in the testing cylinder 1.

[124] In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 10, a residue collecting trough 13 is disposed at the bottom of the testing cylinder 1. By providing the residue collecting trough 13, impurities carried out by the liquid to be measured from the borehole pipeline can be centrifugally deposited in the residue collecting trough 13 under the rotation of the first rotating cylinder 32, which prevents the impurities from generating error data in the viscosity measurement result of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder 1.

[125] The foregoing specific embodiments make further detailed explanations to the objectives, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present disclosure. It should be understood that those described above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A fluid property online measurement method, comprising a density measurement method which comprises:disposing a testing cylinder on an output passage of liquid to be measured, such that the liquid to be measured continuously flows through the testing cylinder;introducing a positive-pressure gas above the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder to suppress fluctuations in liquid level;obtaining a volume and a mass of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder; andcalculating a density of the liquid to be measured based on the volume and the mass.

2. The fluid property online measurement method according to claim 1, further comprising:obtaining a liquid level height of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder; andcalculating the volume of the liquid to be measured in the testing cylinder based on the liquid level height and a cross-sectional area of the testing cylinder.

3. The fluid property online measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:obtaining a first mass of the testing cylinder when no liquid to be measured is contained therein;obtaining a second mass of the testing cylinder when the liquid to be measured continuously flows through the testing cylinder and the liquid level is stable; andobtaining a mass of the drilling fluid to be measured in the testing cylinder based on a difference between the first mass and the second mass.

4. The fluid property online measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:adjusting a pressure of the positive-pressure gas to maintain the liquid level within a set range.

5. The fluid property online measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the liquid to be measured is defoamed before it enters the testing cylinder.

6. The fluid property online measurement method according to claim 5, wherein the liquid to be measured flows through a defoaming tank before entering the testing cylinder, so as to remove gas entrained in the liquid to be measured.

7. The fluid property online measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a first viscosity measurement method which comprises:disposing a rotating rod in the testing cylinder, with a first rotating cylinder mounted at one end of the rotating rod and the other end of the rotating rod extending out of the testing cylinder, wherein an outer wall of the first rotating cylinder is spaced apart from an inner wall of the testing cylinder to form an annular space therebetween, allowing the liquid to be measured to flow into the annular space; wherein the first rotating cylinder is immersed in the liquid to be measured, and a distance between a bottom surface of the first rotating cylinder and the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is 3 to 5 times a height of the first rotating cylinder itself;applying power to the other end of the rotating rod to drive the first rotating cylinder to rotate at an initial preset rotational speed, thus driving the liquid to be measured to rotate via the first rotating cylinder; removing the power applied to the rotating rod after a rotational state of the liquid to be measured stabilizes, and obtaining viscous resistance of the liquid to be measured against the testing cylinder based on a decay rate of the rotational speed of the first rotating cylinder, thereby obtaining a viscosity of the liquid to be measured.

8. The fluid property online measurement method according to claim 1, further comprising a second viscosity measurement method which comprising:disposing a rotating rod in the testing cylinder, with a first rotating cylinder mounted at one end of the rotating rod;sleeving a second rotating cylinder on an outer side of the first rotating cylinder, wherein the second rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the testing cylinder, and an annular space is formed between an inner wall of the second rotating cylinder and an outer wall of the first rotating cylinder to allow the liquid to be measured to flow into the annular space;rotating the second rotating cylinder at a preset rotational speed to drive the first rotating cylinder to rotate via the liquid to be measured in the annular space, and obtaining a viscosity of the liquid to be measured after the rotational speed of the first rotating cylinder stabilizes.

9. The fluid property online measurement method according to claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining a viscosity of the liquid to be measured comprises:obtaining a viscosity of the liquid to be measured by measuring a rotational torque of the rotating rod; orobtaining a viscosity of the liquid to be measured by measuring a stable rotational speed of the rotating rod and a time duration required to reach the stable rotational speed.

10. A fluid property measurement apparatus for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the measurement apparatus comprises:a testing cylinder provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet;a liquid stabilizing mechanism comprising a pre-liquid delivery structure and a gas delivery structure, wherein the pre-liquid delivery structure comprises a defoaming tank and a detachable pipeline connected to the defoaming tank, and the detachable pipeline is connected to the fluid inlet; the gas delivery structure comprises a gas passage capable of injecting gas into the testing cylinder; anda measuring mechanism comprising a mass detector connected to a bottom of the testing cylinder and a liquid level detector connected within the testing cylinder.

11. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the detachable pipeline comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline connected to each other, the first pipeline is connected to the defoaming tank, the second pipeline is connected to the fluid inlet, a detachable structure is connected between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the detachable structure comprises a sealing convex ring and a sealing groove that are capable of being engaged with each other.

12. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the sealing convex ring is connected to an inner wall of the first pipeline and the sealing groove is provided on an inner wall of the second pipeline; or the sealing convex ring is connected to the inner wall of the second pipeline and the sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the first pipeline.

13. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the defoaming tank comprises a liquid chamber and a gas chamber isolated from each other, and the gas chamber is configured to apply pressure to the liquid chamber to change a volume of the liquid chamber.

14. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a defoaming elastic membrane is connected within the defoaming tank, and the liquid chamber and the gas chamber are isolated from each other by the defoaming elastic membrane.

15. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the defoaming tank is provided with a gas inlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the gas inlet is communicated with the gas chamber, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively communicated with the liquid chamber, and the detachable pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet.

16. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein a bypass pipeline is connected to the first pipeline, a three-way valve is connected between the bypass pipeline and the first pipeline, and the three-way valve is configured to divert liquid flowing through the first pipeline back into a borehole pipeline via the bypass pipeline.

17. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the testing cylinder is configured to accommodate liquid to be measured, and an outlet of the gas passage is disposed near a liquid level of the liquid to be measured.

18. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 17, wherein a baffle plate is disposed above the outlet of the gas passage, and an outer diameter of the baffle plate is smaller than an inner diameter of the testing cylinder.

19. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 18, further comprising a first rotating structure, which comprises a rotating rod and a first rotating cylinder connected to the rotating rod, and the first rotating cylinder extends into the testing cylinder; a hollow channel is formed within the rotating rod and serves as the gas passage, and a plurality of gas holes communicated with the hollow channel are formed on an outer wall of the rotating rod and serve as an outlet of the gas passage.

20. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 19, wherein a gas inlet pipe is inserted into the testing cylinder, an inner channel of the gas inlet pipe forms the gas passage, and an outlet of the gas inlet pipe serves as the outlet of the gas passage; or, a plurality of gas holes are formed on an outer wall of the gas inlet pipe and serve as the outlet of the gas passage.

21. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising a centralizing structure which comprises:a centralizing base connected to a top of the testing cylinder, wherein an accommodating cavity communicated with an external gas source is formed within the centralizing base;a matching rod connected to an end of the rotating rod that extends out of the testing cylinder, wherein a plurality of gas inlet holes disposed within the accommodating cavity are formed on the matching rod and communicated with the hollow channel; anda float body comprising a plurality of float blocks disposed at circumferential intervals along the matching rod.

22. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 21, further comprising a damping structure configured to reduce the rotational speed of the matching rod.

23. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the damping structure comprises an electromagnetic coil connected to an inner peripheral wall of the centralizing base, and the float body is made of an electrically conductive material.

24. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the damping structure comprises at least one elastic damping membrane connected to an inner wall of the centralizing base, a gas chamber is formed within a peripheral side wall of the centralizing base, and when gas is injected into the gas chamber, the at least one elastic damping membrane is capable of expanding toward the accommodating cavity to abut against the float body.

25. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the centralizing base comprises an inner base and an outer base sleeved on an outer side of the inner base, the outer base is connected to a top of the testing cylinder, the gas chamber is formed between the inner base and the outer base, and a gas injection hole and a gas discharge hole are formed on the outer base; a plurality of the elastic damping membranes are connected to the inner base at circumferential intervals along the gas chamber.

26. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising a second rotating cylinder rotatably disposed within the testing cylinder, wherein the second rotating cylinder is sleeved on an outer side of the first rotating cylinder, and a plurality of flow holes are formed on the second rotating cylinder located above the liquid level of the liquid to be measured within the testing cylinder.

27. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 21, further comprising a protective cover disposed over the centralizing structure, wherein a tachometer is disposed within the protective cover, and the tachometer is arranged opposite to an end of the matching rod that extends out of the centralizing structure.

28. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the testing cylinder is internally provided with a flow-restricting cylinder and at least one flow-restricting plate connected to an inner wall of the flow-restricting cylinder; the flow-restricting plate has a first position where it fits against the flow-restricting cylinder, and a second position where it is positioned at a certain angle relative to the flow-restricting cylinder.

29. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 28, wherein a steam injection annular cavity is formed between the flow-restricting cylinder and the testing cylinder, the flow-restricting cylinder is provided with a plurality of flow-restricting holes arranged at circumferential intervals along the flow-restricting cylinder, each of the flow-restricting holes is sealed by a flow-restricting elastic membrane, and the flow-restricting plate is connected to the flow-restricting elastic membrane.

30. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 29, wherein in a case where the liquid to be measured is injected into the testing cylinder, a depth to which the flow-restricting cylinder is immersed in the liquid to be measured is greater than a depth to which the second rotating cylinder is immersed in the liquid to be measured.

31. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 30, wherein the depth to which the flow-restricting cylinder is immersed in the liquid to be measured is 1.5 to 2.2 times the depth to which the second rotating cylinder is immersed in the liquid to be measured.

32. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the certain angle ranges from 55° to 65°.

33. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 19, wherein in a case where the liquid to be measured is injected into the testing cylinder, an amount of gas injected into the testing cylinder via the gas passage is reduced when the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is lower than a minimum liquid level; and the amount of gas injected into the testing cylinder via the gas passage is increased when the liquid level of the liquid to be measured is higher than a maximum liquid level.

34. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 33, wherein the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are both located at a bottom of the testing cylinder, and a horizontal height of the fluid inlet is lower than that of the fluid outlet.

35. The fluid property measurement apparatus according to claim 19, wherein a residue collecting trough is disposed at the bottom of the testing cylinder. 

Images