MÉTODO PARA COMUNICAÇÃO SEM FIO EM UM PRIMEIRO EQUIPAMENTO DE USUÁRIO (UE) E EM UMA PRIMEIRA ENTIDADE DE REDE ASSOCIADA A UMA CÉLULA ALVO, PRIMEIRO EQUIPAMENTO DE USUÁRIO (UE), E, PRIMEIRA ENTIDADE DE REDE

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for improving a network energy saving (NES) mode. An example method performed by a first user equipment (UE) includes receiving, from a first network entity associated with a source cell, configuration information indicating one or more conditions for executing a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell, receiving, from the first network entity associated with the source cell, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover, and taking one or more actions related to executing the conditional handover based on the trigger signal and the one or more conditions.

Description

1 / 81 TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING A NETWORK ENERGY SAVING MODE REFERENCE TO RELATED DEPOSIT REQUEST(S)

[0001] This application claims priority over U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 186,108, filed March 17, 2023, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein. BACKGROUND Field of dissemination

[0002] The aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to techniques for improving a network energy saving mode (NES). Description of the related technique

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, message exchange, broadcasts, or other similar types of services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies with the ability to support communications with multiple users by sharing available wireless communication system resources with those users.

[0004] Although wireless communication systems have made great technological advances over many years, challenges still exist. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and receivers. Consequently, there is a continuous desire to improve the Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 92 / 198 2 / 81 Technical performance of wireless communication systems, including, for example: improving the speed and data carrying capacity of communications, improving the efficiency of the use of shared communication media, reducing the power used by transmitters and receivers while conducting communications, improving the reliability of wireless communications, avoiding redundant transmissions and / or receptions and related processing, improving the coverage area of ​​wireless communications, increasing the number and types of devices that can access wireless communication systems, increasing the capacity of different types of devices for intercommunication, increasing the number and type of wireless communication media available for use, and the like. Consequently, there is a need for further improvements in wireless communication systems to overcome the aforementioned technical challenges and others. SUMMARY

[0005] One aspect provides a method for wireless communication by a first user equipment (SU). The method includes receiving, from a first network entity associated with a source cell, configuration information indicating one or more conditions for performing a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; receiving, from the first network entity associated with the source cell, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and performing one or more actions related to Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 93 / 198 3 / 81 Execution of the conditional handover based on the trigger signal and one or more conditions.

[0006] Another aspect provides a method for wireless communication in a first network entity associated with a source cell. The method includes transmitting, to a first UE, configuration information indicating one or more conditions for performing a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; determining to enter a network power saving mode (NES); transmitting, to the first UE based on the determination to enter NES mode, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode based on the trigger signal.

[0007] Other aspects provide: an operable apparatus, configured or otherwise adapted to perform any one or more of the methods mentioned above and / or those described elsewhere in the present invention; a non-transient, computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the methods mentioned above, as well as those described elsewhere in the present invention; a computer program product incorporated into a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing the methods mentioned above, as well as those described elsewhere in the present invention; and / or an apparatus comprising means for performing the methods mentioned above, as well as those described in Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 94 / 198 4 / 81 another part of the present invention. By way of example, an apparatus may comprise a processing system, a device with a processing system, or processing systems cooperating through one or more networks.

[0008] The following description and the attached figures establish certain attributes for illustrative purposes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The attached figures depict certain attributes of the various aspects described in the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0010] Figure 1 depicts an example wireless communication network.

[0011] Figure 2 depicts an example of a disaggregated base station architecture.

[0012] Figure 3 depicts aspects of an example base station and an example user device.

[0013] Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network.

[0014] Figure 5 depicts a process flow for communications in a network between a first network entity, a second network entity, and a user device.

[0015] Figure 6 depicts a method for wireless communications.

[0016] Figure 7 depicts a method for wireless communications.

[0017] Figure 8 depicts aspects of a Example communication device. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 95 / 198 5 / 81

[0018] Figure 9 depicts aspects of an example communication device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The aspects of this disclosure provide computer-readable apparatus, methods, processing systems and means for improving a network energy saving mode (NES).

[0020] The power consumption of network entities in large-scale wireless networks (e.g., 4G, 5G, and beyond) is a primary concern. To help reduce this power consumption, certain network entities may be able to operate in a Network Power Saving (NES) mode, allowing these network entities to turn off certain components to conserve power. In some cases, however, while a first network entity may determine to enter NES mode, there may still be user equipment (UEs) that are served by the first network entity. In such cases, the first network entity, which may be associated with a source cell, may perform one or more actions to deliver these UEs to a second network entity associated with a target cell.

[0021] In some cases, a technique known as conditional handover can be used to deliver these UEs to the second network entity associated with the target cell. A conditional handover is a type of handover in which the first network entity associated with the service cell provides a UE with a handover command / configuration that includes one or more trigger conditions that allow the UE to autonomously initiate a handover to the second network entity associated with the target cell. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 96 / 198 6 / 81

[0022] Consequently, in some cases, when the first network entity determines to enter NES mode, the first network entity may transmit a trigger signal to one or more UEs, triggering them to evaluate one or more trigger conditions and to perform a conditional handover to the second network entity when one or more trigger conditions are met. However, there may be cases where not all UEs can be delivered to the second network entity. Thus, if the first network entity were to proceed with entering NES mode, this would cause a radio link failure in the UEs that could not be delivered, resulting in an unsatisfactory user experience and wasted frequency, time, and power resources associated with lost transmissions or receptions and corresponding retransmissions.Furthermore, even if all UEs can be delivered to the second network entity, a large number of these UEs may end up transmitting random access channel (RACH) messages (for example, to link to the second network entity) at the same time, which can result in collisions between UEs. These collisions can result in RLF in these UEs, leading to wasted frequency, time, and power resources.

[0023] Consequently, aspects of this disclosure provide techniques to help avoid these problems associated with the use of conditional handovers when the first network entity determines to enter NES mode. For example, in some cases, the first network entity may configure different conditional handover execution timers for different UEs, misaligning the times at which these UEs can transmit RACH messages. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 97 / 198 7 / 81 for transfer to the second network entity, thus reducing collisions between UEs. Additionally, in some cases, the first network entity may delay entering NES mode or may not enter NES mode when at least one UE cannot be delivered to the second network entity. Delaying or not entering NES mode may thus allow these UEs to still be served by the first network entity, thereby avoiding RLF and associated wasted frequency, time, and power resources. Introduction to wireless communication networks

[0024] The techniques and methods described in the present invention can be used for various wireless communication networks. Although aspects may be described in the present invention using terminology commonly associated with third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), and / or fifth-generation (5G) wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may similarly be applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 depicts an example of a 100 wireless communication network, in which the aspects described in the present invention can be implemented.

[0026] In general, a 100 wireless communication network includes several network entities (alternatively, network elements or network nodes). A network entity is generally a communication device and / or a communication function performed by a communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE), a base station (BS), a component of a BS, a Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 98 / 198 8 / 81 server, etc.). For example, various network functions, as well as various devices associated with and interacting with a network, can be considered network entities. Additionally, the wireless communication network 100 includes terrestrial aspects, such as land-based network entities (e.g., BSs 102), and non-terrestrial aspects, such as satellite 140 and aircraft 145, which may include onboard network entities (e.g., one or more BSs) with the ability to communicate with other network elements (e.g., terrestrial BSs) and user equipment.

[0027] In the example depicted, the wireless communication network 100 includes BS 102, UEs 104 and one or more core networks, such as an evolved packet core (EPC) 160 and a fifth-generation core (5GC) 190, which interoperate to provide communication services through various communication links, including wired and wireless links.

[0028] Figure 1 depicts several example UEs 104 which may, more generally, include: mobile phone, smartphone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), satellite radio, global positioning system, multimedia device, video device, digital audio player, camera, game console, tablet, smart device, wearable device, vehicle, electric meter, gasoline pump, large or small kitchen appliance, health care device, implant, sensor / actuator, display, Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 99 / 198 9 / 81 things), always-on (AON) devices, edge processing devices, or other similar devices. More generally, UEs 104 can also be called a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a remote device, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, and others.

[0029] BS 102 communicate wirelessly with (e.g., transmit signals to or receive signals from) UEs 104 via communication links 120. The communication links 120 between BS 102 and UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) transmissions (also called reverse link) from a UE 104 to a BS 102 and / or downlink (DL) transmissions (also called direct link) from a BS 102 to a UE 104. The communication links 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or multi-aspect transmission diversity.

[0030] BS 102 systems can generally include: a NodeB, an enhanced NodeB (eNB), a next-generation enhanced NodeB (ng-eNB), a next-generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), an access point, a base transceiver station, a base radio station, a transceiver of Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 100 / 198 10 / 81 radio, a transceiver function, a transmission and reception point and / or others. Each of the BS 102 can provide communications coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110, which can sometimes be called a cell and which may overlap in some cases (for example, the small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps the coverage area 110 of a macrocell). A BS may, for example, provide communications coverage for a macrocell (which covers a relatively large geographic area), a picocell (which covers a relatively smaller geographic area, such as a sports stadium), a femtocell (which covers a relatively smaller geographic area (for example, a residence)) and / or other types of cells.

[0031] Although BS 102s are portrayed in many respects as unitary communication devices, BS 102s can be implemented in various configurations. For example, one or more components of a base station can be disaggregated, including a central unit (CU), one or more distributed units (DUs), one or more radio units (RUs), a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non RT) RIC, to name a few examples. In another example, several aspects of a base station can be virtualized. More generally, a base station (e.g., BS 102) can include components that are located in a single physical location or components located in multiple physical locations. In examples where a base station includes Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 101 / 198 11 / 81 components that are located in various physical locations, the various components can each perform functions, so that collectively, the various components achieve functionality that is similar to a base station located in a single physical location. In some respects, a base station that includes components located in multiple physical locations can be called a disaggregated radio access network architecture, such as an open RAN (O-RAN) or virtualized RAN (VRAN) architecture. Figure 2 depicts and describes an example disaggregated base station architecture.

[0032] Different BS 102 in the wireless communication network 100 can also be configured to support different radio access technologies, such as 3G, 4G and / or 5G. For example, BS 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively called the evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) of the evolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS)) can interface with the EPC 160 via first backhaul links 132 (e.g., an S1 interface). BS 102s configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or next-generation RAN (NG-RAN)) can interface with 5GC 190 via secondary backhaul links 184. BS 102s can communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC 160 or 5GC 190) with each other via third-party backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface), which can be wired or wireless. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 102 / 198 12 / 81

[0033] The 100 wireless communication network can subdivide the electromagnetic spectrum into various classes, bands, channels, or other attributes. In some respects, the subdivision is provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be called a carrier, a subcarrier, a frequency channel, a tone, or a sub-band. For example, the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) currently defines frequency range 1 (FR1) as including 410 MHz to 7125 MHz, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as sub-6 GHz. Similarly, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 2 (FR2) as including 24250 MHz to 71000 MHz, which is sometimes (interchangeably) referred to as millimeter wave (mmW or mmWave).In some cases, FR2 can be further defined in terms of sub-bands, such as a first sub-band FR2-1 including 24250 MHz to 52600 MHz and a second sub-band FR22 including 52600 MHz to 71000 MHz. A base station configured to communicate using mmWave / near mmWave radio frequency bands (e.g., an mmWave base station such as BS 180) can use beamforming (e.g., 182) with a UE (e.g., 104) to improve loss and pathband.

[0034] The communication links 120 between the BS 102 and, for example, UEs 104 can occur through one or more carriers, which may have different bandwidths (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400 and / or other MHz) and which may be aggregated in various ways. The carriers may, or may not, be adjacent to each other. A Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 103 / 198 13 / 81 Carrier allocation can be asymmetrical with respect to DL and UL transmissions (for example, more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL).

[0035] Communications using higher frequency bands may have greater path loss and a shorter bandwidth compared to lower frequency communications. Consequently, certain base stations (e.g., 180 in Figure 1) may use beamforming 182 with a UE 104 to improve path loss and bandwidth. For example, BS 180 and UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays to facilitate beamforming. In some cases, BS 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to UE 104 in one or more transmission directions 182'. UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from BS 180 in one or more reception directions 182''. UE 104 can also transmit a beamformed signal to BS 180 in one or more transmission directions 182''. BS 180 can also receive the beamformed signal from UE 104 in one or more reception directions 182'.BS 180 and UE 104 can then perform beam training to determine the best reception and transmission directions for each of BS 180 and UE 104. Notably, the transmission and reception directions for BS 180 may or may not be the same. Similarly, the transmission and reception directions for UE 104 may or may not be the same.

[0036] The wireless communication network 100 additionally includes a WiFi access point (AP) 150 communicating with WiFi stations (STAs). Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 104 / 198 14 / 81 Fi 152 via communication links 154 in, for example, an unlicensed frequency spectrum of 2.4 GHz and / or 5 GHz.

[0037] Certain UEs 104 can communicate with each other using the device-to-device (D2D) communications link 158. The D2D communications link 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0038] The EPC 160 may include several functional components, including: a mobility management entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a gateway server 166, a multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) gateway 168, a broadcast multicast service center (BM-SC) 170, and / or a packet data network (PDN) gateway 172, as in the example depicted. The MME 162 may be in communication with a home subscriber server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. In general, the MME 162 provides carrier and connection management. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 105 / 198 15 / 81

[0039] In general, user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transferred through server gateway 166, which is connected to PDN gateway 172. PDN gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation, as well as other functions. The gateway of PDN 172 and BM-SC 170 are connected to IP services 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), a packet-switched streaming service (PS), and / or other IP services.

[0040] The BM-SC 170 can provide functions for the provisioning and delivery of MBMS user services. The BM-SC 170 can serve as an entry point for MBMS transmission from a content provider, can be used to authorize and initiate MBMS carrier services on a public land mobile network (PLMN), and / or can be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMS gateway 168 can be used to distribute MBMS traffic to BS 102 belonging to a multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) that broadcasts a particular service and / or can be responsible for session management (start / stop) and for collecting load information related to eMBMS.

[0041] 5GC 190 may include several functional components, including: an access and mobility management function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a session management function (SMF) 194, and a user plane function (UPF) 195. AMF 192 may Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 106 / 198 16 / 81 being in communication with unified data management (UDM) 196.

[0042] AMF 192 is a control node that processes signaling between UEs 104 and 5GC 190. AMF 192 provides, for example, quality of service (QoS) flow and session management.

[0043] Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transferred via UPF 195, which is connected to IP services 197 and provides the allocation of UE IP addresses as well as other functions for 5GC 190. IP services 197 may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IMS, a PS streaming service and / or other IP services.

[0044] In several respects, a network entity or a network node can be implemented as an aggregated base station, as a disaggregated base station, a component of a base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a side link node, to name a few examples.

[0045] Figure 2 depicts an example disaggregated base station architecture 200. The disaggregated base station architecture 200 may include one or more central units (CUs) 210 that may communicate directly with a core network 220 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 220 via one or more disaggregated base station units (such as a near real-time (near RT) intelligent RAN controller (RIC) 225 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non RT) RIC 215 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 205, or both). A CU 210 may Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 107 / 198 17 / 81 can communicate with one or more distributed units (DUs) 230 via their respective midhaul links, as an F1 interface. The DUs 230 can communicate with one or more radio units (RUs) 240 via their respective fronthaul links. The RUs 240 can communicate with their respective UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, UE 104 can be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 240.

[0046] Each of the units, for example, CUs 210, DUs 230, RUs 240, as well as RICs almost in RT 225, the RICs not in RT 215 and the SMO 205 structure, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the units' communication interfaces, may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, the units may include a wired interface configured to receive or transmit signals through a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units.Alternatively, the units may include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as a radio frequency (RF) transceiver), configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, via a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.

[0047] In some respects, the CU 210 can host one or more higher-layer control functions. These Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 108 / 198 18 / 81 Control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), or similar functions. Each control function may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 210. The CU 210 may be configured to handle a user plane functionality (e.g., central unit - user plane (CU-UP)), a control plane functionality (e.g., central unit - control plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 210 may be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units.The CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface, when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 210 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 230, as needed, for network control and signaling.

[0048] A DU 230 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RU 240s. In some respects, the DU 230 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical layers (PHY physical) (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding). Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 109 / 198 (19 / 81 error correction), scrambling, modulation and demodulation, or similar) depending, at least in part, on a functional division, such as those defined by the third-generation partnership project (3GPP). In some respects, the DU 230 may additionally host one or more low-level PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 230, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 210.

[0049] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 240s. In some deployments, an RU 240, controlled by a DU 230, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-layer PHY functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or similar), or both, based at least in part on functional splitting, as a lower-layer functional split. In this architecture, the RU(s) 240 can be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communications with the RU(s) 240 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 230.In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the DU 230 and CU 210 to be deployed in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 110 / 198 20 / 81

[0050] The SMO 205 framework can be configured to support RAN deployment and the provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO 205 framework can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO 205 framework can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-cloud) 290) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). These virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CUs 210, DUs 230, RUs 240, and near-RT 225 RICs.In some implementations, the SMO 205 framework can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 211, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO 205 framework can communicate directly with one or more RUs 240 via an O1 interface. The SMO 205 framework can also include a non-RT 215 RIC configured to support the functionality of the SMO 205 framework.

[0051] The RIC not in RT 215 can be configured to include a logic function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates or guidance based on Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 111 / 198 21 / 81 application / attribute guidelines in the near RT 225 RIC. The non-RT 215 RIC can be coupled to, or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface), the near RT 225 RIC. The near RT 225 RIC can be configured to include a logic function that enables near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via actions and data collection through an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more 210 CUs, one or more 230 DUs, or both, as well as an O-eNB, to the near RT 225 RIC.

[0052] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed on the near RT 225 RIC, the non-RT 215 RIC may receive external enrichment parameters or information from external servers. This information can be used by the near RT 225 RIC and can be received in the SMO 205 structure or in the non-RT RIC. 215 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the non-RT 215 RIC or the near-RT 225 RIC can be configured to adjust RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT 215 RIC can monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to take corrective actions through the SMO 205 framework (such as reconfiguration via O1) or via the creation of RAN management guidelines (such as A1 guidelines).

[0053] Figure 3 depicts aspects of an example BS 102 and UE 104.

[0054] In general, BS 102 includes several processors (e.g., 320, 330, 338, and 340), antennas 334a to 334t (collectively 334), transceivers 332a to 332t (collectively 332), which include modulators and demodulators, Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 112 / 198 22 / 81 and other aspects that enable wireless data transmission (e.g., data source 312) and wireless data reception (e.g., data sink 339). For example, BS 102 can send and receive data between BS 102 and UE 104. BS 102 includes a controller / processor 340 that can be configured to implement various functions described in the present invention related to wireless communications.

[0055] In general, the UE 104 includes several processors (e.g., 358, 364, 366, and 380), antennas 352a to 352r (collectively 352), transceivers 354a to 354r (collectively 354), which include modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable wireless data transmission (e.g., retrieved from data source 362) and wireless data reception (e.g., provided to data sink 360). The UE 104 includes a 380 controller / processor that can be configured to implement various functions described in the present invention related to wireless communications.

[0056] With regard to an example downlink transmission, BS 102 includes a 320 transmission processor that can receive data from a data source. 312 and control information from a controller / processor 340. The control information may be destined for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH), the physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), the physical hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) indicator channel (PHICH), the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), or the group common PDCCH (GC-PDCCH). Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 113 / 198 23 / 81 PDCCH) and / or others. The data may be destined for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in some examples.

[0057] The 320 transmission processor can process (e.g., encode and symbol-map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The 320 transmission processor can also generate reference symbols, such as for the primary synchronization signal (PSS), the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0058] The multi-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission processor (TX transmit) 330 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, if applicable, and can provide output symbol streams to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 332a to 332t. Each modulator in transceivers 332a to 332t can process a respective output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from the modulators in transceivers 332a to 332t Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 114 / 198 24 / 81 can be transmitted via antennas 334a to 334t, respectively.

[0059] In order to receive the downlink transmission, UE 104 includes antennas 352a to 352r that can receive the downlink signals from BS 102 and can provide the received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs demodulators) in transceivers 354a to 354r, respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 354a to 354r can condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator can further process the input samples to obtain the received symbols.

[0060] A MIMO detector 356 can obtain received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 354a to 354r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols, if applicable, and provide the detected symbols. A receiving processor 358 can process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data to UE 104 to a data sink 360, and provide decoded control information to a controller / processor 380.

[0061] With regard to an example uplink transmission, UE 104 additionally includes a transmission processor 364 that can receive and process data (e.g., for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) from a data source 362 and control information (e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)) from Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 115 / 198 25 / 81 controller / processor 380. The transmission processor 364 can also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for the sounding reference signal (SRS)). The symbols from the transmission processor 364 can be pre-coded by a TX MIMO processor 366, if applicable, further processed by modulators in transceivers 354a to 354r (e.g., for single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM)) and transmitted to BS 102.

[0062] In BS 102, the uplink signals from UE 104 can be received by antennas 334a to 334t, processed by demodulators in transceivers 332a to 332t, detected by a MIMO detector 336, if applicable, and further processed by a receiving processor 338 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 104. The receiving processor 338 can provide the decoded data to a data sink 339 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 340.

[0063] Memories 342 and 382 can store data and program codes for BS 102 and UE 104, respectively.

[0064] Scheduler 344 can schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0065] In several respects, BS 102 can be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described in the present invention. In these contexts, transmission can refer to various Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 116 / 198 26 / 81 data transmission mechanisms, such as transmitting data from data source 312, scheduler 344, memory 342, transmission processor 320, controller / processor 340, TX MIMO processor 330, transceivers 332a to 332t, antennas 334a to 334t and / or other aspects described in the present invention. Similarly, reception may refer to various data acquisition mechanisms, such as acquiring data from antennas 334a to 334t, transceivers 332a to 332t, RX MIMO detector 336, controller / processor 340, reception processor 338, scheduler 344, memory 342 and / or other aspects described in the present invention.

[0066] In several respects, the UE 104 can similarly be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described in the present invention. In these contexts, transmission can refer to various data emission mechanisms, such as emitting data from data source 362, memory 382, ​​transmission processor 364, controller / processor 380, MIMO TX processor 366, transceivers 354a to 354t, antennas 352a to 352t, and / or other aspects described in the present invention. Similarly, reception can refer to various data acquisition mechanisms, such as acquiring data from antennas 352a to 352t, transceivers 354a to 354t, MIMO RX detector 356, controller / processor 380, reception processor 358, memory 382, ​​and / or other aspects described in the present invention.

[0067] In some respects, a processor can be configured to perform various operations, such as those associated with the methods described in the present invention, and to transmit (send) or receive (obtain) data from another Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 117 / 198 27 / 81 interface that is configured to transmit or receive data, respectively.

[0068] Figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D depict aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network, such as wireless communication network 100 in Figure 1.

[0069] In particular, Figure 4A is a 400 diagram illustrating an example of a first subframe in a 5G frame structure (e.g., 5G NR), Figure 4B is a 430 diagram illustrating an example of DL channels in a 5G subframe, Figure 4C is a 450 diagram illustrating an example of a second subframe in a 5G frame structure, and Figure 4D is a 480 diagram illustrating an example of UL channels in a 5G subframe.

[0070] Wireless communication systems can utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on both the uplink and downlink. These systems can also support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD). OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) partition the system bandwidth (e.g., as depicted in Figures 4B and 4D) into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Modulation symbols can be sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM.

[0071] A wireless communication frame structure can be frequency division duplex (FDD) Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 118 / 198 28 / 81 frequency division duplex), where, for a particular set of subcarriers, the subframes in the subcarrier set are dedicated to either DL or UL. Wireless communication frame structures can also be time division duplex (TDD), where, for a particular set of subcarriers, the subframes in the subcarrier set are dedicated to either DL or UL.

[0072] In Figures 4A and 4C, the wireless communication frame structure is TDD, where D is DL, U is UL, and X is flexible for use between DL / UL. UEs can be configured with a slot format via a received slot format indicator (SFI) (dynamically via DL control information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically via radio resource control (RRC) signaling). In the examples depicted, a 10 ms frame is divided into 10 equally sized 1 ms subframes. Each subframe may include one or more time slots. In some examples, each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot format. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which generally have fewer symbols than a full slot. Other wireless communication technologies may have a different frame structure and / or different channels.

[0073] In certain respects, the number of slots in a subframe is based on a slot configuration and a numerology. For example, for slot configuration 0, different numerologies (μ) 0 to 6 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 slots, respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, different numerologies 0 to 2 Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 119 / 198 29 / 81 allows for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, per subframe. Consequently, for slot 0 configuration and numerology μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2 μ slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are a function of the numerology. The subcarrier spacing can be equal to 2^x15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 6. Thus, numerology μ = 0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and numerology μ = 6 has a subcarrier spacing of 960 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. Figures 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D provide an example of slot 0 configuration with 14 symbols per slot and numerology μ = 2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 ps.

[0074] As depicted in Figures 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D, a resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also called physical RBs (PRBs)) that extends, for example, over 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0075] As illustrated in Figure 4A, some of the REs carry reference signals (RS) (pilots) for a UE (e.g., UE 104 in Figures 1 and 3). The RS may include demodulation RS (DMRS) and / or channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS). Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 120 / 198 30 / 81 for channel estimation in the EU. RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS - beam measurement RS), beam refinement RS (BRRS - beam refinement RS) and phase tracking RS (PT-RS - phase tracking RS).

[0076] Figure 4B illustrates an example of multiple DL channels in a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) ports DCI into one or more control channel elements (CCEs), where each CCE includes, for example, nine RE groups (REGs), where each REG includes, for example, four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.

[0077] A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be in symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE (e.g., 104 of Figures 1 and 3) to determine the subframe / symbol timing and a physical layer identity.

[0078] A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be in symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.

[0079] Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DMRS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which carries a master information block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal block (SS). Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 121 / 198 31 / 81 signal) / PBCH. The MIB provides multiple RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN). The shared physical downlink channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH, such as system information blocks (SIBs), and / or paging messages.

[0080] As illustrated in Figure 4C, some of the REs carry DMRS (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DMRS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DMRS to the PUCCH and DMRS to the PUSCH. The DMRS of PUSCH signals can be transmitted, for example, in the first one or two symbols of a PUSCH. DMRS signals from PUCCHs can be transmitted in different configurations, depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are being transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. UE 104 can transmit sounding reference signals (SRSs). The SRS can be transmitted, for example, in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure, and a UE can transmit the SRS in one of the combs. The SRS can be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling in the UL.

[0081] Figure 4D illustrates an example of multiple UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH can be located as indicated in a configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), and a pre-array indicator. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 122 / 198 32 / 81 encoding (PMI - precoding matrix indicator), a rank indicator (RI - rank indicator), and ACK / NACK feedback from HARQ. The PUSCH carries data and can additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR - buffer status report), a power headroom report (PHR - power headroom report), and / or a UCI. Aspects related to improving a network energy saving mode (NES)

[0082] The power consumption of network entities in large-scale wireless networks (e.g., 4G, 5G, and beyond) is a primary concern. In some cases, these network entities (e.g., BS 102 described in relation to Figures 1 and 3 or a disaggregated BS as described in relation to Figure 2) can use a network power saving mode (NES) to help reduce this power consumption. During operation in NES mode, a network entity can be placed in a sleep state, enabling one or more components of the network entity (e.g., power amplifiers, baseband processors, RF components, transmitters, receivers, transceivers, and the like) to be switched off, thus reducing power consumption.In some cases, the network entity may decide to enter NES mode when the network entity is not serving any user equipment (UEs), when there is little or no traffic associated with any served UEs, or when the coverage provided by the network entity to any served UEs can be adequately provided by another network entity on the wireless network.

[0083] In some cases, when a first network entity determines to enter NES mode, any Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 123 / 198 33 / 81 UEs that are being serviced by the first network entity (e.g., those in a connected radio resource control (RRC) mode) may need to be delivered to a second network entity. In this scenario, the first network entity that has determined to enter NES mode may be associated with a source cell (e.g., the cell from which the UEs will be delivered) while the second network entity may be associated with a target cell (e.g., the cell that is being directed to deliver the UEs from the source cell).

[0084] In some cases, a technique known as conditional handover can be used to handover UEs from the first network entity to the second network entity when the first network entity wishes to transition to NES mode. A conditional handover is a type of handover in which the first network entity associated with the service cell provides a UE with a handover command / configuration that includes one or more trigger conditions that allow the UE to autonomously initiate a handover to the second network entity associated with the target cell. For example, upon receiving a conditional handover command / configuration, the UE can begin monitoring one or more candidate neighboring cells. If the UE detects that one or more trigger conditions have been met, the UE can autonomously initiate a handover to the second network entity associated with the target cell without further assistance from the first network entity associated with the service cell.

[0085] Consequently, for example, when used with a NES mode, the first network entity can provide Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 124 / 198 34 / 81 configuration information is provided to one or more UEs, indicating one or more conditions to perform a conditional handover to deliver one or more UEs to the second network entity associated with the target cell. At some point after providing the configuration information to the one or more UEs, the first network entity may determine to enter NES mode to conserve power and unload the one or more UEs from the source cell. In response, the first network entity may transmit a trigger signal to one or more UEs, triggering one or more UEs to evaluate at least some of the one or more conditions to perform the conditional handover. If one or more UEs determine that all one or more conditions have been met, the one or more UEs may autonomously trigger a handover to the second network entity associated with the target cell.In some cases, conditional handovers can enable the first network entity to reduce the signaling overhead associated with offloading one or more UEs and quickly enter NES mode.

[0086] Although conditional handovers can enable the first network entity to reduce the signaling overhead associated with offloading one or more UEs, there may be instances where some of the one or more UEs may not be able to discover a target cell that provides sufficient Quality of Service (QoS). This can lead to radio link failure (RLF) for those UEs or a significant degradation in QoS, resulting in wasted frequency and time resources on the wireless network and power resources on those UEs associated with failed transmissions or receptions by those UEs and corresponding retransmissions. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 125 / 198 35 / 81

[0087] Additionally, in some cases, even if a second network entity associated with a target cell is available for one or more UEs to be delivered, a large number of these UEs may attempt to transmit Random Access Channel (RACH) messages to the second network entity (e.g., in order to bind to the second network entity). This large number of RACH messages being transmitted simultaneously can result in collisions between UEs and may lead to RLF for some of these UEs, degrading the user experience and wasting frequency and time resources on the wireless network and power resources on those UEs.

[0088] Consequently, aspects of this disclosure provide techniques to help avoid these problems associated with the use of conditional handovers when the first network entity determines to enter NES mode. For example, in some cases, these techniques may involve configuring one or more UEs with conditional handover execution timers. The conditional handover execution timers of the one or more UEs can each be set to a different configured execution time value, specifying a different time for each UE to execute a conditional handover to a network entity associated with a target cell. These different configured execution time values ​​can result in RACH messages from the one or more UEs that are misaligned in time, avoiding collisions between UEs and associated wasted frequency, time, and power resources.

[0089] Furthermore, the techniques presented in the present invention may enable the first entity Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 126 / 198 Network 36 / 81 that has determined to enter NES mode delays or stops entering NES mode when at least one or more UEs cannot be delivered to the second network entity. By delaying or not entering NES mode, UEs that cannot be delivered to the second network entity can still be served by the first network entity, avoiding RLF for those UEs and the associated wasted frequency, time, and power resources described above. Furthermore, although the first network entity may not be able to enter NES mode, it may still have a lower load, since at least some UEs may be able to successfully deliver to a target cell, thus reducing power consumption on the first network entity without completely shutting down. Example operations of entities in a communication network

[0090] Figure 5 depicts a process flow including 500 operations for communications on a network between a first network entity 502, a first user equipment (UE) 504, and a second network entity 506. In some cases, the first network entity 502 may be associated with a source cell (e.g., a cell in which the first UE 504 is currently being served) and the second network entity 506 may be associated with a target cell (e.g., a cell to which the first UE 504 may be delivered). In some respects, the first network entity 502 and the second network entity 506 may be examples of the BS 102 depicted and described in relation to Figures 1 and 3 or a disaggregated base station depicted and described in relation to Figure 2. Similarly, the first UE 504 Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 127 / 198 37 / 81 may be an example of the UE 104 depicted and described in relation to Figures 1 and 3. However, in other respects, the first UE 504 may be another type of wireless communication device and the first network entity 502 and the second network entity 506 may be other types of network entity or network nodes, such as those described in the present invention.

[0091] As shown, operations 500 can begin at step 509 with the first network entity 502, the second network entity 506, and the first UE 504 performing a conditional handover configuration procedure. In some cases, the conditional handover configuration procedure may include steps 0 to 5 described in relation to Figure 9.2.3.4.2 to 1 of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specification (TS) 38.300 version 17.3.0.

[0092] After that, as shown in step 510, the first UE 504 receives configuration information from the first network entity 502 associated with the source cell, indicating one or more conditions to perform a conditional handover from the first network entity 502 associated with the source cell to the second network entity 506 associated with the target cell. In some cases, the configuration information may be received in one or more fields of a radio resource control (RRC) message, including parameters that define one or more conditions. In some cases, the first UE 504 may be configured to perform the conditional handover only when one or more conditions are met.

[0093] For example, in some cases, one or more conditions may comprise one or more signal measurements. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 128 / 198 38 / 81 for the second 506 network entity associated with the target cell that is greater than or equal to a threshold. For example, one or more signal measurements that are greater than or equal to the threshold may indicate that the first UE 504 can be successfully delivered and served by the second 506 network entity associated with the target cell. In some cases, the configuration information may additionally include an indication of the threshold for the one or more signal measurements. In some cases, one or more signal measurements may comprise reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) received from the second 506 network entity associated with the target cell.In some cases, instead of this condition involving one or more signal measurements for the second 506 network entity being greater than or equal to a threshold, in some cases, this condition may involve one or more signal measurements for the second 506 network entity that are within a particular range or offset of signal measurements associated with the first 502 network entity.

[0094] In some cases, one or more conditions may involve receiving a trigger signal for conditional handover from the first 502 network entity associated with the source cell. As will be described below, the trigger signal may be used by the first 502 network entity to trigger one or more UEs, including the first 504 UE, to determine whether to handover to a network entity associated with a target cell, such as the second 506 network entity. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 129 / 198 39 / 81

[0095] In some cases, one or more conditions may also comprise a conditional handover execution timer that expires upon receipt of the trigger signal. For example, the conditional handover execution timer may be used to set a time at which to execute or invoke the conditional handover to deliver the first UE 504 to the second network entity 506 associated with the target cell upon receipt of the trigger signal. In some cases, the conditional handover execution timer may have a start time value set to a configured execution time value. In other words, the conditional handover execution timer may start at the configured execution time value and count down from there.In some cases, the configured execution time value may be received in the configuration information in step 510 or a trigger signal received from the first network entity 502 (for example, as described below in relation to step 520).

[0096] Furthermore, in some cases, to avoid a large number of UEs in the source cell transmitting RACH transmissions to the second 506 network entity associated with the target cell at the same time (for example, which could result in collisions and RLF, as described above), the time value for execution configured for the first 504 UE may be different from other time values ​​for execution configured to perform conditional handovers associated with other UEs in the source cell. In other words, the first 502 network entity may configure different time values ​​for execution. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 130 / 198 40 / 81 for different UEs, so that the time at which these UEs execute or invoke conditional handovers and begin transmitting target cells of RACH transmissions is different, thus reducing the chances of collision of RACH and RLF messages.

[0097] As shown in step 515, once the first UE 504 has received the configuration information from the first network entity 502 associated with the source cell, the first network entity 502 may determine to enter a NES mode to conserve power, as described above. In some cases, the first network entity 502 may determine to enter NES mode when an amount of traffic being handled by the first network entity 502 is below a threshold, the traffic associated with UEs served by the first network entity 502 (including the first UE 504) can be adequately handled by other network entities, such as the second network entity 606, or the first network entity 502 is otherwise underutilized.

[0098] After that, as shown in step 520, the first network entity 502 transmits, to the first UE 504 based on the determination to enter NES mode, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover. In some cases, the trigger command may trigger the first UE 504 to start the conditional handover execution timer and to evaluate one or more conditions to execute the conditional handover. In some cases, the trigger signal may include a bit to indicate the trigger command. In some cases, the trigger signal may comprise a Layer 1 or Layer 2 unicast message or a Layer 1 or Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 131 / 198 41 / 81 group message. More specifically, in some cases, the trigger signal comprises a unicast downlink control information (DCI) message (e.g., Layer 1 signaling), a unicast media access control-control element (MAC-CE) message (e.g., Layer 2 signaling), or a message of DCI of transmission group (e.g., layer 1 signaling).

[0099] After that, the first UE 504 can perform one or more actions related to performing conditional handover based on the trigger signal and one or more conditions, as described in more detail below. Similarly, the first network entity 502 can also perform one or more actions related to entering NES mode based on the trigger signal.

[0100] For example, as shown in step 525, performing one or more actions may include the first UE 504 initiating the conditional handover execution timer using the time value of the configured execution time received in the configuration or trigger signal. After that, as shown in step 530, performing one or more actions may additionally include the first UE 504 evaluating whether each of one or more conditions are met based on receiving the trigger signal, for example, while the conditional handover execution timer is running. In some cases, one or more conditions may be met when (1) one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell are greater than or equal to the threshold, (2) the first UE 504 has received the Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 132 / 198 42 / 81 trigger signal for conditional handover and (3) the conditional handover execution timer expired after the trigger signal was received.

[0101] For example, in some cases, assessing whether each of the one or more conditions is met may include the first UE 504 determining whether one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell are greater than or equal to the threshold. In some cases, the one or more signal measurements comprise the last available signal measurements associated with the target cell before reception of the trigger signal. In other words, the first UE 504 may rely on measurements that have already been taken associated with the target cell and determine whether those measurements are greater than or equal to the threshold.

[0102] In some cases, the first UE 504 may perform additional measurements associated with the target cell. For example, in some cases, performing one or more actions may involve the first UE 504 performing one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell based on receiving the trigger signal. In some cases, the first UE 504 may perform the one or more signal measurements before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer. In some cases, the first UE 504 may decide whether to perform the additional measurements itself, or whether the additional measurements may be based on configuration information received from the first network entity 502 or stored in the first UE 504's memory by a manufacturer or retailer of the first UE 504.

[0103] In some cases, when each of one or more conditions are met based on the assessment (by Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 133 / 198 43 / 81 example, if one or more signal measurements are greater than or equal to the threshold, the first UE 504 has received the trigger signal and the conditional handover execution timer has expired), the first UE 504 can then perform measurements to execute the conditional handover to deliver the first UE 504 from the first network entity associated with the source cell to the second network entity 506 associated with the target cell. For example, as shown in step 532, the first UE 504 can execute the conditional handover with the second network entity 506 to deliver the first UE 504 from the first network entity to the second network entity 506. It should be mentioned that step 532 is illustrated using a dashed line to indicate that the first UE 504 cannot always execute the conditional handover with the second network entity 506, such as when at least one or more of the conditions are not met.

[0104] In some cases, performing one or more actions may additionally include the first UE 504 transmitting, based on the assessment of whether each of the one or more conditions are met, feedback information to the first network entity 502 associated with the originating cell using a set of timing and frequency features, as shown in step 535. In some cases, the feedback information comprises Hybrid Auto Repeat Request (HARQ) information and may be transmitted by the first UE 504 in Uplink Control (UCI) information with a HARQ identifier associated with the conditional handover. In some cases, the HARQ information comprises an ACK acknowledgement indicating that the UE is able to perform the Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 134 / 198 44 / 81 Conditional handover. In some cases, the HARQ information includes a negative acknowledgment (NACK) indicating that the UE is unable to execute the conditional handover.

[0105] Feedback information can be transmitted by the first UE 504 in different ways. For example, as will be described in more detail below, feedback information can be transmitted in at least one of a scheduling request, UCI in a PUCCH, a medium access control element (MAC-CE) message, an RRC message, a random access channel (RACH) message.

[0106] In some cases, the set of time and frequency resources to be used to transmit feedback information may be included in the configuration information received by the first UE 504 in step 515. In some cases, the set of time and frequency resources may be shared with a plurality of UEs in the source cell, including the first UE 504. When the set of time and frequency resources is shared with a plurality of UEs, the first UE 504 may determine a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, to be used to transmit feedback information in different ways. For example, in some cases, the first UE 504 may perform a detection operation to determine if the first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, is available to transmit feedback information.The first UE 504 can transmit feedback information using the first. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 135 / 198 45 / 81 subset of time and frequency resources when, based on the detection operation, the first subset of time and frequency resources is available.

[0107] In some cases, when the time and frequency resource set is shared with a plurality of UEs, the trigger signal may dynamically allocate different subsets of time and frequency resources to different UEs in the plurality of UEs in order to avoid interference between UEs when transmitting feedback information. For example, in some cases, the trigger signal may include an indication of the first subset of time and frequency resources, from the time and frequency resource set, allocated to the first UE 504 to transmit feedback information. This first subset of time and frequency resources may be different from at least one second subset of time and frequency resources, from the time and frequency resource set, allocated to a second UE in the plurality of UEs.

[0108] In some cases, when the trigger signal comprises a unicast message, the trigger signal may include a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command and the first subset of timing and frequency features. In some cases, when the trigger signal comprises a broadcast or group message, the trigger signal may include a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command, the first subset of timing and frequency features, and the second subset of timing and frequency features. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 136 / 198 46 / 81

[0109] In some cases, before the conditional handover execution timer expires, the first UE 504 may transmit NACK information (e.g., a conditional handover NACK) indicating that at least one or more conditions are not met and that the first UE 504 cannot perform a conditional handover. For example, in some cases, if none of the one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell are greater than or equal to the threshold (e.g., all one or more signal measurements are below the threshold), this may mean that there are no good target cells for the first UE 504 to hand over. In this case, the first UE 504 may transmit the NACK information to inform the first network entity 502 that at least the signal measurement condition described above is not met.

[0110] In some cases, NACK information can be transmitted in different ways. For example, the first UE 504 can transmit NACK information in UCI on a PUCCH. In some cases, the first UE 504 can transmit NACK information by transmitting NACK information in MAC-CE on a PUCCH.

[0111] In some cases, the first UE 504 may transmit the NACK information by transmitting a Random Access Channel (RACH) transmission to the first network entity 502. In some cases, the reception by the first network entity 502 of the RACH transmission from the first UE 504 may implicitly indicate to the first network entity 502 that the first UE 504 was unable to perform a conditional handover to the second network entity 506 associated with the target cell. In some cases, the Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 137 / 198 47 / 81 RACH transmission may include an explicit indication that at least one or more conditions are not met and that the first UE 504 was unable to perform a conditional handover to the second network entity 506 associated with the target cell. In some cases, the first UE 504 may transmit the RACH transmission to indicate NACK information when no transmission opportunity is present before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer or a scheduling request (SR) cannot be transmitted before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer.

[0112] In some cases, the feedback information transmitted by the first UE 504 may include ACK information indicating that all conditions in one or more conditions are met. The ACK information may indicate to the first network entity 502 that the first UE 504 will proceed with the conditional handover to deliver the first UE 504 from the first network entity 502 associated with the source cell to the second network entity 506 associated with the target cell.

[0113] As mentioned above, after transmitting the trigger signal in step 520, the first network entity 502 can perform one or more actions related to entering NES mode based on the trigger signal. For example, in some cases, performing one or more actions may include the first network entity 502 starting an NES execution timer, as shown in step 540. The NES execution timer may have a start time set to the time value of the execution time to enter NES mode. In some cases, the time value of Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 138 / 198 48 / 81 time to enter NES mode may comprise a value that defines a time between the transmission of the trigger signal and a time at which the first 502 network entity is configured to enter NES mode.

[0114] In some cases, the time value for entering NES mode may be greater than or equal to the time value configured for the conditional handover execution timer on the first UE 504. In some cases, setting the time value for entering NES mode to be greater than or equal to the time value configured for the conditional handover execution timer on the first UE 504 may help prevent scenarios where the first network entity 502 inadvertently enters NES mode when not all UEs in the source cell are able to complete a conditional handover to a target cell.

[0115] In some cases, in step 545, performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode may include entering NES mode after the NES execution timer has expired and without receiving NACK information from any UEs in the source cell, including the first UE 504. For example, in this scenario, when the first network entity 502 fails to receive NACK information from any UE in the source cell, including the first UE 504, the first network entity 502 may assume that all UEs were able to be unloaded from the source cell and delivered to a target cell, and that the first network entity 502 is safe to enter NES mode. For example, in some cases, the first entity of Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 139 / 198 The 49 / 81 502 network can be configured to turn off one or more components, such as power amplifiers, baseband processors, RF components, transmitters, receivers, transceivers, and the like.

[0116] In some cases, however, the first network entity 502 may receive NACK information from the first UE 504, such as the feedback information received in step 535. In such cases, performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode may cause the first network entity 502 to decide not to proceed with entering NES mode, as shown in step 550. In other words, if the first network entity 502 receives a NACK from any UE in the source cell, the first network entity 502 may decide not to proceed with entering NES mode in step 545.

[0117] In some cases, however, while the first 502 network entity may not be able to enter NES mode, the first 502 network entity may still have a lower load (for example, since at least some UEs may be able to successfully deliver to a target cell) and may thus reduce power without completely shutting down. In some cases, the first 502 network entity may reconfigure the threshold for one or more signal measurements and may retransmit the trigger signal. The threshold reduction may enable any remaining UEs in the source cell to deliver to a target cell.

[0118] As mentioned above, in some cases, the feedback information received from the first UE 504 may include ACK information indicating that all conditions are met in one or more conditions to execute the handover. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 140 / 198 The 50 / 81 condition on the first UE 504 is satisfied. In some cases, the first network entity 502 can be configured to use this ACK information to determine whether to proceed with entering NES mode. For example, in some cases, to avoid a scenario where the first network entity 502 prematurely enters NES mode before all UEs are able to deliver to a target cell, the first network entity 502 can be configured to proceed with entering NES mode, as shown in step 550, after receiving ACK information from all UEs connected to the source cell, including the ACK information received from the first UE 504. In other words, to prevent the first network entity from prematurely entering NES mode. In some cases, this can also help avoid a scenario where one or more UEs in the source cell do not receive the trigger signal correctly, such as when the trigger signal is transmitted as group signaling or broadcast.However, if the first network entity.

[0119] In some cases, as shown in step 555, the first network entity 502 may receive handover success information from one or more second network entities associated with one or more target cells, including the second network entity 506. In some cases, the first network entity 502 may delay entering NES mode until the first network entity 502 receives handover success information accounting for all UEs (previously) in the source cell. For example, performing one or more actions may involve the first network entity 502 entering NES mode, in step 545, after receiving conditional handover success information for each UE. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 141 / 198 51 / 81 from one or more UEs previously served by the first 502 network entity associated with the originating cell, including the first 504 UE. In some cases, conditional handover success information may be received from one or more respective target cells associated with each UE from one or more UEs, including the second 506 network entity associated with the target cell to which the first 504 UE is delivered. In some cases, in response to receiving handover success information from the second 506 network entity associated with the target cell, the first 502 network entity may transmit context information to the first 504 UE, as shown in step 560.

[0120] In some cases, conditional handover success information may be received from the second network entity associated with the target cell in a handover success message. In some cases, the handover success message may indicate the respective conditional handover success information for multiple UEs, including the first UE 504. In some cases, the handover success message may indicate for which UEs a conditional handover failed. In such cases, the first network entity 502 may decide not to enter NES mode. Example operations of a user device

[0121] Figure 6 shows an example of a method 600 for wireless communication in a first EU, such as an EU 104 of Figures 1 and 3 and / or the first UE 504 of Figure 5.

[0122] Method 600 begins at step 605 with the receipt, from a first network entity associated with a source cell, of configuration information indicating one or more conditions for performing a handover. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 142 / 198 52 / 81 conditional from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of receive circuits and / or receive code, as described with reference to Figure 8.

[0123] Method 600 then proceeds to step 610 with the receipt, from the first network entity associated with the source cell, of a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of receiving circuits and / or receiving code, as described with reference to Figure 8.

[0124] Method 600 then proceeds to step 615 with the execution of one or more actions related to the conditional handover based on the trigger signal and one or more conditions. In some cases, the operations in this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of circuits for performing and / or code for performing one or more actions, as described with reference to Figure 8.

[0125] In some respects, one or more conditions comprise: one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell that are greater than or equal to a threshold; the reception of the trigger signal for the conditional handover; and a conditional handover execution timer that has expired after the reception of the trigger signal.

[0126] In some respects, performing one or more actions involves starting the execution timer of Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 143 / 198 53 / 81 conditional handover based on receiving the trigger signal, where the conditional handover execution timer has the start time value set to a configured execution time value.

[0127] In some respects, the time value for execution configured is received in the configuration information or in the trigger signal; and the time value for execution configured is different from other time values ​​for execution configured, to execute conditional handovers, associated with other UEs in the source cell.

[0128] In some respects, performing one or more actions involves evaluating whether each of the one or more conditions is met based on the reception of the trigger signal.

[0129] In some respects, when each of one or more conditions is met based on the assessment, performing one or more actions comprises executing the conditional handover to deliver the UE from the first network entity associated with the source cell to the second network entity associated with the target cell.

[0130] In some respects, assessing whether each of the one or more conditions is met involves determining whether the one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell are greater than or equal to the threshold.

[0131] In some respects, the one or more signal measurements comprise the last available signal measurements associated with the target cell before reception of the firing signal. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 144 / 198 54 / 81

[0132] In some respects, performing one or more actions additionally includes performing, before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer, one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell based on the reception of the trigger signal.

[0133] In some respects, performing one or more actions additionally involves transmitting, based on the assessment of whether each of the one or more conditions is met, feedback information to the first network entity associated with the originating cell using a set of time and frequency resources.

[0134] In some respects, feedback information comprises Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) information transmitted in Uplink Control Information (UCI) and with a HARQ identifier associated with the conditional handover. In some respects, HARQ information comprises an acknowledgment (ACK) indicating that the UE is able to perform the conditional handover. In some respects, HARQ information comprises a negative acknowledgment (NACK) indicating that the UE is unable to perform the conditional handover.

[0135] In some respects, the timing and frequency resource set is indicated in the configuration information.

[0136] In some respects, the set of time and frequency resources is shared with a plurality of UEs in the originating cell, including the first UE.

[0137] In some respects, method 600 additionally comprises performing a detection operation to determine whether a first subset of time features Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 145 / 198 55 / 81 and frequency, from the time and frequency resource set, is available to transmit feedback information. In some respects, transmitting feedback information comprises transmitting feedback information using the first subset of time and frequency resources when, based on the detection operation, the first subset of time and frequency resources is available.

[0138] In some respects, based on the set of time and frequency resources that is shared with the plurality of UEs, the trigger signal includes an indication of a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to the first UE to transmit the feedback information.

[0139] In some respects, the first subset of time and frequency resources is different from at least one second subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to a second UE.

[0140] In some respects, when the trigger signal comprises a unicast message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command and the first subset of timing and frequency features; and, when the trigger signal comprises a broadcast or group message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command, the first subset of timing and frequency features and the second subset of timing and frequency features. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 146 / 198 56 / 81

[0141] In some respects, transmitting feedback information involves transmitting, before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer, NACK information indicating that at least one or more conditions are not met.

[0142] In some respects, transmitting NACK information comprises at least one of: transmitting NACK information in UCI on a PUCCH; or transmitting NACK information in MAC-CE on a PUCCH.

[0143] In some respects, transmitting NACK information comprises transmitting a RACH transmission, wherein the RACH transmission indicates NACK information.

[0144] In some respects, transmitting feedback information involves transmitting ACK information indicating that all conditions in one or more conditions are met.

[0145] In some respects, the trigger signal comprises a bit to indicate the trigger command.

[0146] In some respects, the trigger signal comprises one of: a DCI unicast message; a MAC-CE unicast message; or a group broadcast DCI message.

[0147] In one aspect, method 600, or any aspect related to it, can be performed by an apparatus, such as the communication device 800 of Figure 8, which includes several operable components, configured or adapted to perform method 600. The communication device 800 is described below in more detail. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 147 / 198 57 / 81

[0148] It should be mentioned that Figure 6 is only an example of a method, and other methods including a smaller number of steps, additional steps or alternatives are possible in a manner consistent with this disclosure. Example operations of a network entity

[0149] Figure 7 shows an example of a 700 wireless communication method in a first network entity associated with a source cell, such as BS 102 of Figures 1 and 3, the first network entity 502 of Figure 5, or a disaggregated base station as discussed in relation to Figure 2.

[0150] Method 700 begins at step 705 with the transmission, to a first UE, of configuration information indicating one or more conditions to perform a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of circuits for transmission and / or a code for transmission, as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0151] Method 700 then proceeds to step 710 with the determination to enter NES mode. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of circuits for determination and / or code for determination, as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0152] Method 700 then proceeds to step 715 with the transmission, to the first UE based on the determination to enter NES mode, of a signal of Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 148 / 198 58 / 81 triggering including a trigger command for conditional handover. In some cases, the operations in this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of circuits for transmission and / or a code for transmission, as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0153] Method 700 then proceeds to step 720 with the execution of one or more actions related to entering NES mode based on the trigger signal. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of circuits for performing and / or code for performing one or more actions, as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0154] In some respects, one or more conditions comprise: one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell that are greater than or equal to a threshold; the reception of the trigger signal for the conditional handover; and a conditional handover execution timer that has expired after the reception of the trigger signal in the first UE.

[0155] In some respects, the conditional handover execution timer is based on a time-to-execute time value set for the first UE; the time-to-execute time value set is transmitted in the configuration information or in the trigger signal; and the time-to-execute time value set for the first UE is different from other time-to-execute time values ​​set, for executing conditional handovers, associated with other UEs in the source cell.

[0156] In some respects, the time value for execution time configured for the first UE is less Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 149 / 198 59 / 81 which is equal to a time value for the execution time to enter NES mode.

[0157] In some respects, performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode comprises: starting an NES execution timer, where the NES execution timer has a start time set to the time value of the execution time to enter NES mode; and entering NES mode after the NES execution timer has expired and without receiving NACK information from any UEs in the source cell, including the first UE.

[0158] In some respects, method 700 additionally includes receiving feedback information from the first UE using a set of timing and frequency resources. In some cases, the operations of this step refer to, or may be performed by, a set of receiving circuits and / or receiving code, as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0159] In some respects, feedback information comprises Hybrid Automatic Retry Request (HARQ) information received in Uplink Control Information (UCI) and with a HARQ identifier associated with the conditional handover. In some respects, HARQ information comprises an acknowledgment (ACK) indicating that the UE is able to perform the conditional handover. In some respects, HARQ information comprises a negative acknowledgment (NACK) indicating that the UE is unable to perform the conditional handover. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 150 / 198 60 / 81

[0160] In some respects, the timing and frequency resource set is indicated in the configuration information.

[0161] In some respects, the set of time and frequency resources is shared with a plurality of UEs in the originating cell, including the first UE.

[0162] In some respects, based on the set of time and frequency resources that is shared with the plurality of UEs, the trigger signal includes an indication of a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to the first UE to transmit the feedback information.

[0163] In some respects, the first subset of time and frequency resources is different from at least one second subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to a second UE.

[0164] In some respects, when the trigger signal comprises a unicast message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command and the first subset of timing and frequency features; and, when the trigger signal comprises a broadcast or group message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command, the first subset of timing and frequency features and the second subset of timing and frequency features.

[0165] In some respects, receiving feedback information includes receiving NACK information indicating Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 151 / 198 61 / 81 that at least one or more of the conditions is not met.

[0166] In some respects, NACK information is received from the first UE before the expiration of a conditional handover execution timer associated with the first UE; and performing one or more actions includes not entering NES mode based on the receipt of NACK information.

[0167] In some respects, receiving NACK information comprises at least one of: receiving NACK information in UCI on a PUCCH; or receiving NACK information in MAC-CE on a PUCCH.

[0168] In some respects, receiving NACK information involves receiving a RACH transmission from the first UE, where the RACH transmission indicates the NACK information.

[0169] In some respects, receiving feedback information includes receiving ACK information from the first UE indicating that all conditions in one or more conditions are met.

[0170] In some respects, performing one or more actions involves entering NES mode after receiving ACK information from all UEs connected to the source cell, including the ACK information received from the first UE.

[0171] In some respects, performing one or more actions involves entering NES mode only after receiving conditional handover success information for each UE from one or more UEs previously served by the first Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 152 / 198 62 / 81 network entity associated with the originating cell, including the first UE.

[0172] In some respects, conditional handover success information is received from one or more respective target cells associated with each UE of the one or more UEs, including the target cell associated with the first UE.

[0173] In some respects, conditional handover success information is received, from the second network entity associated with the target cell, in a handover success message that indicates conditional handover success information for multiple UEs, including the first UE.

[0174] In some respects, the trigger signal comprises a bit to indicate the trigger command.

[0175] In some respects, the trigger signal comprises one of: a DCI unicast message; a MAC-CE unicast message; or a group broadcast DCI message.

[0176] In one aspect, method 700, or any aspect related to it, can be performed by an apparatus, such as the communication device 900 of Figure 9, which includes several operable components, configured or adapted to perform method 700. The communication device 900 is described below in more detail.

[0177] It should be mentioned that Figure 7 is only an example of a method, and other methods including a smaller number of steps, additional steps or alternatives are possible in a manner consistent with this disclosure. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 153 / 198 63 / 81 Example communication devices

[0178] Figure 8 depicts aspects of an example 800 communication device. In some respects, the 800 communication device is a user device, such as the UE 104 described above in relation to Figures 1 and 3, or the first UE 504 described above in relation to Figure 5.

[0179] The communication device 800 includes a processing system 805 coupled to the transceiver 845 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver). The transceiver 845 is configured to transmit and receive signals from the communication device 800 via the antenna 850, such as the various signals as described herein. The processing system 805 can be configured to perform processing functions for the communication device 800, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the communication device 800.

[0180] The 805 processing system includes one or more 810 processors. In many respects, the one or more 810 processors may be representative of one or more of the following: 358 receiving processor, 364 transmitting processor, 366 MIMO TX processor, and / or 380 controller / processor, as described in relation to Figure 3. The one or more 810 processors are coupled to a computer-readable memory / medium 825 via a bus 840. In certain respects, the computer-readable memory / medium 825 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer executable code) which, when executed by the one or more 810 processors, cause the one or more 810 processors to perform the described method 600. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 154 / 198 64 / 81 in relation to Figure 6 or any aspect related thereto. It should be mentioned that the reference to a processor performing a function of the 800 communication device may include one or more 810 processors performing that 800 communication device function.

[0181] In the example depicted, the computer-readable memory / medium 825 stores the code (e.g., executable instructions), such as the code for receiving 830 and the code for performing one or more actions 835. The processing of the code for receiving 830 and the code for performing one or more actions 835 can cause the communication device 800 to perform the method 600 described in relation to Figure 6, or any aspect related to it.

[0182] One or more processors 810 include a circuit configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in memory / computer-readable media 825, including a set of circuits such as the receiving circuit 815 and the performing circuit 820. Processing with the receiving circuit 815 and the performing circuit 820 can cause the communication device 800 to perform the method 600 described in relation to Figure 6, or any aspect related thereto.

[0183] Various components of the communication device 800 may provide means for carrying out the method 600 described in relation to Figure 6 or any aspect related thereto. For example, the means for transmission, sending or emission for transmission may include transceivers 354 and / or antenna(s) 352 of the UE 104 illustrated in Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 155 / 198 65 / 81 Figure 3 and / or transceiver 845 and antenna 850 of communication device 800 in Figure 8. The means for receiving or obtaining may include transceivers 354 and / or antenna(s) 352 of UE 104 illustrated in Figure 3 and / or transceiver 845 and antenna 850 of communication device 800 in Figure 8.

[0184] Figure 9 depicts aspects of an example 900 communication device. In some respects, the 900 communication device is a network entity, like the BS 102 of Figures 1 and 3, the first 502 network entity described above in relation to Figure 5, or a disaggregated base station, as discussed in relation to Figure 2.

[0185] The communication device 900 includes a processing system 905 coupled to the transceiver 965 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver) and / or a network interface 975. The transceiver 965 is configured to transmit and receive signals from the communication device. 900 via antenna 970, as well as the various signals as described in the present invention. The network interface 975 is configured to obtain and send signals to the communication device. 900 via communication link(s), such as a backhaul link, a midhaul link and / or a fronthaul link, as described in the present invention, as in relation to Figure 2. The processing system 905 can be configured to perform processing functions for the communication device 900, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the communication device 900.

[0186] The 905 processing system includes one or more 910 processors. In several respects, one or more 910 processors may be representative of one or more Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 156 / 198 66 / 81 among receiving processor 338, transmitting processor 320, TX MIMO processor 330 and / or controller / processor 340, as described in relation to Figure 3. The one or more processors 910 are coupled to a computer-readable memory / medium 935 via a bus 960. In certain aspects, the computer-readable memory / medium 935 is configured to store instructions (e.g., executable code) which, when executed by the one or more processors 910, cause the one or more processors 910 to perform the method 700 described in relation to Figure 7 or any aspect related thereto. It should be mentioned that the reference to a processor of the communication device 900 performing a function may include one or more processors 910 of the communication device 900 performing that function.

[0187] In the example depicted, the computer-readable memory / medium 935 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as transmission code 940, determination code 945, code for performing one or more actions 950, and reception code 955. Processing the transmission code 940, the determination code 945, the code for performing one or more actions 950, and the reception code 955 can cause the communication device 900 to perform the method 700 described in relation to Figure 7 or any aspect related to it.

[0188] One or more processors 910 include a set of circuits configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in memory / computer-readable media 935, including a set of circuits such as a set of circuits for transmission 915, a set of Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 157 / 198 67 / 81 circuits for determination 920, circuit set for realization 925 and circuit set for reception 930. Processing with circuit set for transmission 915, circuit set for determination 920, circuit set for realization 925 and circuit set for reception 930 can cause the communication device 900 to perform the method 700 described in relation to Figure 7, or any aspect related to it.

[0189] Various components of communication device 900 may provide means for performing method 700 described in relation to Figure 7 or any aspect related thereto. Means for transmission, sending or transmission may include transceivers 332 and / or antenna(s) 334 of BS 102 illustrated in Figure 3 and / or transceiver 965 and antenna 970 of communication device 900 in Figure 9. Means for reception or acquisition may include transceivers 332 and / or antenna(s) 334 of BS 102 illustrated in Figure 3 and / or transceiver 965 and antenna 970 of communication device 900 in Figure 9. Example clauses

[0190] The implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0191] Clause 1: A method for wireless communication in a first UE, comprising: receiving, from a first network entity associated with a source cell, configuration information indicating one or more conditions for performing a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; receiving, from the first network entity associated with the source cell, a Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 158 / 198 68 / 81 trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and perform one or more actions related to the execution of the conditional handover based on the trigger signal and one or more conditions.

[0192] Clause 2: The method of clause 1, wherein one or more conditions comprise: one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell that are greater than or equal to a threshold; the reception of the trigger signal for the conditional handover; and a conditional handover execution timer that has expired after the reception of the trigger signal.

[0193] Clause 3: The method of clause 2, wherein performing one or more actions comprises starting the conditional handover execution timer based on receiving the trigger signal, wherein the conditional handover execution timer has the start time value set to a time value of the configured execution time.

[0194] Clause 4: The method of clause 3, wherein: the time value of the configured execution time is received in the configuration information or in the trigger signal; and the time value of the configured execution time is different from other time values ​​of the configured execution time, to execute conditional handovers, associated with other UEs in the source cell.

[0195] Clause 5: The method of any of clauses 3 to 4, whereby performing one or more actions comprises evaluating whether each of the one or more conditions is satisfied based on the reception of the trigger signal.

[0196] Clause 6: The method of clause 5, in which, when each of the one or more conditions are met based on the assessment, performing one or more actions comprises Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 159 / 198 69 / 81 execute conditional handover to deliver the UE from the first network entity associated with the source cell to the second network entity associated with the target cell.

[0197] Clause 7: The method of any of clauses 5 to 6, in which evaluating whether each of one or more conditions is satisfied comprises determining whether one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell are greater than or equal to the threshold.

[0198] Clause 8: The method of clause 7, wherein one or more signal measurements comprise the last available signal measurements associated with the target cell before reception of the trigger signal.

[0199] Clause 9: The method of clause 7, where performing one or more actions additionally includes performing, before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer, one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell based on the reception of the trigger signal.

[0200] Clause 10: The method of any of clauses 5-9, wherein performing one or more actions additionally comprises transmitting, based on the assessment of whether each of the one or more conditions are met, feedback information to the first network entity associated with the originating cell using a set of time and frequency resources.

[0201] Clause 11: The method of clause 10, wherein: feedback information comprises hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information transmitted in uplink control (UCI) information and has a HARQ identifier associated with the handover. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 160 / 198 70 / 81 conditional; the HARQ information comprises an acknowledgment (ACK) indicating that the UE is able to execute the conditional handover; and the HARQ information comprises a negative acknowledgment (NACK) indicating that the UE is unable to execute the conditional handover.

[0202] Clause 12: The method of any of clauses 10 to 11, where the set of time and frequency resources is indicated in the configuration information.

[0203] Clause 13: The method of any of clauses 10 to 12, wherein the set of time and frequency resources is shared with a plurality of UEs in the originating cell, including the first UE.

[0204] Clause 14: The method of clause 13, which performs a detection operation to determine whether a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, is available to transmit feedback information, wherein transmitting feedback information comprises transmitting feedback information using the first subset of time and frequency resources when, based on the detection operation, the first subset of time and frequency resources is available.

[0205] Clause 15: The method of clause 13, whereby, based on the set of time and frequency resources that is shared with the plurality of UEs, the trigger signal includes an indication of a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to the first UE to transmit the feedback information. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 161 / 198 71 / 81

[0206] Clause 16: The method of clause 15, wherein the first subset of time and frequency resources is different from at least one second subset of time and frequency resources, of the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to a second UE.

[0207] Clause 17: The method of clause 16, where: when the trigger signal comprises a unicast message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command and the first subset of timing and frequency features; and, when the trigger signal comprises a broadcast or group message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command, the first subset of timing and frequency features and the second subset of timing and frequency features.

[0208] Clause 18: The method of any of clauses 10 to 17, wherein transmitting feedback information comprises transmitting, before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer, NACK information indicating that at least one or more conditions are not met.

[0209] Clause 19: The method of clause 18, wherein transmitting NACK information comprises at least one of: transmitting NACK information in UCI in a PUCCH; or transmitting NACK information in MAC-CE in a PUCCH.

[0210] Clause 20: The method of clause 18, wherein transmitting NACK information comprises transmitting a RACH transmission, wherein the RACH transmission indicates NACK information. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 162 / 198 72 / 81

[0211] Clause 21: The method of any of clauses 10 to 17, whereby transmitting feedback information comprises transmitting ACK information indicating that all conditions in one or more conditions are met.

[0212] Clause 22: The method of any of clauses 1 to 21, wherein the trigger signal comprises a bit to indicate the trigger command.

[0213] Clause 23: The method of any of clauses 1 to 22, wherein the trigger signal comprises one of: a DCI unicast message; a MAC-CE unicast message; or a group DCI broadcast message.

[0214] Clause 24: A method for wireless communication in a first network entity associated with a source cell, comprising: transmitting, to a first UE, configuration information indicating one or more conditions for performing a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; determining to enter a NES mode; transmitting, to the first UE based on the determination to enter NES mode, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode based on the trigger signal.

[0215] Clause 25: The method of clause 24, wherein the one or more conditions comprise: one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell that are greater than or equal to a threshold; the reception of the trigger signal for the conditional handover; and an execution timer. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 163 / 198 73 / 81 conditional handover that expired after receiving the trigger signal in the first UE.

[0216] Clause 26: The method of clause 25, wherein: the conditional handover execution timer is based on a time value for execution configured for the first UE; the time value for execution configured is transmitted in the configuration information or in the trigger signal; and the time value for execution configured for the first UE is different from other time values ​​for execution configured, for executing conditional handovers, associated with other UEs in the source cell.

[0217] Clause 27: The method of clause 26, where the time value of the execution time configured for the first UE is less than or equal to a time value of the execution time to enter NES mode.

[0218] Clause 28: The method of clause 27, in which performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode comprises: starting an NES execution timer, in which the NES execution timer has a start time set to the execution time value to enter NES mode; and entering NES mode after the NES execution timer has expired and without receiving NACK information from any UEs in the source cell, including the first UE.

[0219] Clause 29: The method of any of clauses 24 to 28, which additionally comprises receiving feedback information from the first EU using a set of time and frequency resources. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 164 / 198 74 / 81

[0220] Clause 30: The method of clause 29, wherein: feedback information comprises hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information received in uplink control information (UCI) and having a HARQ identifier associated with the conditional handover; HARQ information comprises an acknowledgment (ACK) indicating that the UE is able to perform conditional handover; and HARQ information comprises a negative acknowledgment (NACK) indicating that the UE is unable to perform conditional handover.

[0221] Clause 31: The method of any of clauses 29 to 30, where the set of time and frequency resources is indicated in the configuration information.

[0222] Clause 32: The method of any of clauses 29 to 31, wherein the set of time and frequency resources is shared with a plurality of UEs in the originating cell, including the first UE.

[0223] Clause 33: The method of clause 32, whereby, based on the set of time and frequency resources that is shared with the plurality of UEs, the trigger signal includes an indication of a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to the first UE to transmit the feedback information.

[0224] Clause 34: The method of clause 33, wherein the first subset of time and frequency resources is different from at least one second subset of time and frequency resources, of the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to a second UE. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 165 / 198 75 / 81

[0225] Clause 35: The method of clause 34, where: when the trigger signal comprises a unicast message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command and the first subset of time and frequency features; and, when the trigger signal comprises a broadcast or group message, the trigger signal includes a plurality of bits to indicate the trigger command, the first subset of time and frequency features and the second subset of time and frequency features.

[0226] Clause 36: The method of any of clauses 29 to 35, wherein receiving feedback information comprises receiving NACK information indicating that at least one or more conditions is not met.

[0227] Clause 37: The method of clause 36, wherein: NACK information is received from the first UE before the expiration of a conditional handover execution timer associated with the first UE; and performing one or more actions comprises not entering NES mode based on the receipt of NACK information.

[0228] Clause 38: The method of any of clauses 36 to 37, wherein receiving NACK information comprises at least one of: receiving NACK information in UCI in a PUCCH; or receiving NACK information in a MAC-CE in a PUCCH.

[0229] Clause 39: The method of either of clauses 36 to 37, wherein receiving the NACK information comprises receiving a RACH transmission from the first EU, wherein the RACH transmission indicates the NACK information. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 166 / 198 76 / 81

[0230] Clause 40: The method of any of clauses 29 to 35, wherein receiving feedback information comprises receiving ACK information from the first UE indicating that all conditions in one or more conditions are met.

[0231] Clause 41: The method of clause 40, whereby performing one or more actions comprises entering NES mode after receiving ACK information from all UEs connected to the source cell, including the ACK information received from the first UE.

[0232] Clause 42: The method of any of clauses 24 to 41, whereby performing one or more actions comprises entering NES mode only after receiving conditional handover success information for each UE of one or more UEs previously served by the first network entity associated with the originating cell, including the first UE.

[0233] Clause 43: The method of clause 42, whereby conditional handover success information is received from one or more respective target cells associated with each UE of the one or more UEs, including the target cell associated with the first UE.

[0234] Clause 44: The method of clause 42, in which conditional handover success information is received, from the second network entity associated with the target cell, in a handover success message that indicates conditional handover success information for multiple UEs, including the first UE. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 167 / 198 77 / 81

[0235] Clause 45: The method of any of clauses 24 to 44, wherein the trigger signal comprises a bit to indicate the trigger command.

[0236] Clause 46: The method of any of clauses 24 to 45, wherein the trigger signal comprises one of: a DCI unicast message; a MAC-CE unicast message; or a group DCI broadcast message.

[0237] Clause 47: A device comprising: a memory comprising executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and to make the device execute a method in accordance with any of clauses 1 to 46.

[0238] Clause 48: A device comprising means for carrying out a method in accordance with any of clauses 1 to 46.

[0239] Clause 49: A non-transient, computer-readable means comprising executable instructions which, when executed by an apparatus processor, cause the apparatus to perform a method in accordance with any of Clauses 1 to 46.

[0240] Clause 50: A computer program product embedded in a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for carrying out a method in accordance with any of clauses 1 to 46. Additional considerations

[0241] The preceding description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described in the present invention. The examples discussed in the present invention are not limiting to the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the present invention. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pages 168 / 198 78 / 81 claims. Various modifications of these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in the present invention can be applied to other aspects. For example, changes can be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components, as appropriate. For example, the methods described can be performed in a different order than that described, and various actions can be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, attributes described in relation to some examples can be combined in some other examples. For example, an apparatus can be implemented, or a method can be practiced using any number of the aspects presented herein.Furthermore, the scope of the disclosure aims to encompass that apparatus or method which is practiced with the use of another structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth in the present invention. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed in this invention may be incorporated by one or more elements of a claim.

[0242] The various logic blocks, modules and illustrative circuits described in conjunction with this disclosure can be implemented or realized with a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 169 / 198 79 / 81 or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present invention. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a system on a chip (SOC), or any other similar configuration.

[0243] As used in the present invention, an expression referring to at least one of a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. For example, at least one of: a, b, or c is intended to encompass a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0244] As used in the present invention, the term determine encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, determine may include calculate, compute, process, derive, investigate, search (e.g., searching in a table, a database, or another data structure), verify, and the like. Furthermore, Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 170 / 198 80 / 81 determining can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, determining can include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and the like.

[0245] The methods disclosed in the present invention comprise one or more actions to achieve the methods. The method actions can be interchanged with each other without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific actions can be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. Additionally, the various operations of the methods described above can be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. The means may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including, but not limited to, a circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a processor.

[0246] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown in the present invention, but are intended to have the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. In a claim, reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean one and only one, unless specifically stated so, but instead means one or more. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term any refers to one or more. No element of a claim shall be construed under the provisions of Title 35 of USC §112(f), unless the element is expressly mentioned using the phrase means for. All of Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 171 / 198 81 / 81 Structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or may become known to those skilled in the art are expressly incorporated into the present invention by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed in this invention is intended to be exclusive to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly mentioned in the claims. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 172 / 198

Claims

1 / 12 CLAIMS 1. A method for wireless communication in a first user equipment (FU) characterized by comprising: receiving, from a first network entity associated with a source cell, configuration information indicating one or more conditions to perform a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; receiving, from the first network entity associated with the source cell, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and performing one or more actions related to the execution of the conditional handover based on the trigger signal and the one or more conditions.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more conditions comprise: one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell being greater than or equal to a threshold; the reception of the trigger signal for the conditional handover; and a conditional handover execution timer having expired after the reception of the trigger signal.

3. A method according to claim 2, characterized by performing one or more actions comprising: starting the conditional handover execution timer based on receiving the trigger signal, wherein the conditional handover execution timer has the start time value set to a configured execution time value; and evaluating whether each of the one or more conditions are satisfied based on receiving the trigger signal.

4. Method, according to claim 3, characterized in that: the time value of the configured execution time is received in the configuration information or in the trigger signal; and the time value of the configured execution time is different from other time values ​​of the configured execution time, to execute conditional handovers, associated with other UEs in the source cell.

5. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that, when each of one or more conditions is met based on the evaluation, it performs one or more actions, including executing the conditional handover, to deliver the UE from the first network entity associated with the source cell to the second network entity associated with the target cell.

6. Method, according to claim 3, characterized by: evaluating whether each of the one or more conditions is satisfied comprises determining whether the one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell are greater than or equal to the threshold; and one of the following: the one or more signal measurements comprise the last available signal measurements associated with the target cell before receiving the trigger signal; or performing one or more additional actions comprises performing, before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer, one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell based on receiving the trigger signal.

7. A method according to claim 3, characterized by: performing one or more actions, additionally understanding and transmitting, based on the evaluation of whether each of the one or more conditions are met, feedback information to the first network entity associated with the originating cell using a set of time and frequency features; and the set of time and frequency features being indicated in the configuration information.

8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the feedback information comprises Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) information transmitted in Uplink Control Information (UCI) and with a HARQ identifier associated with the conditional handover; the HARQ information comprises an acknowledgment (ACK) indicating that the UE is able to execute the conditional handover; and the HARQ information comprises a negative acknowledgment (NACK) indicating that the UE is unable to execute the conditional handover.

9. Method, according to claim 7, characterized in that the set of time and frequency resources is shared with a plurality of UEs in the originating cell, including the first UE. Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 175 / 198 4 / 12 10. A method according to claim 9, characterized by further comprising performing a detection operation to determine whether a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, is available to transmit feedback information, wherein the transmission of feedback information comprises transmitting feedback information using the first subset of time and frequency resources when, based on the detection operation, the first subset of time and frequency resources is available.

11. Method according to claim 9, characterized by: based on the set of time and frequency resources that is shared with the plurality of UEs, the trigger signal includes an indication of a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to the first UE to transmit feedback information; and the first subset of time and frequency resources being different from at least one second subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to a second UE.

12. Method according to claim 7, characterized by: transmitting feedback information comprising transmitting, before the expiration of the conditional handover execution timer, negative acknowledgment (NACK) information indicating that at least one or more conditions are not met; and Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 176 / 198 5 / 12 transmitting NACK information comprising at least one of: transmitting NACK information in uplink control information (UCI) on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH); transmitting NACK information in a medium access control element (MAC-CE) on a shared physical uplink channel (PUSCH); or transmitting a random access channel transmission (RACH), wherein the RACH transmission indicates the NACK information.

13. Method, according to claim 7, characterized by transmitting feedback information, including transmitting acknowledgment (ACK) information indicating that all conditions in one or more conditions are satisfied.

14. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger signal comprises one of: a unicast downlink control information (DCI) message; a unicast medium access control element (MAC-CE) message; or a broadcast group downlink control information (DCI) message.

15. Method for wireless communication in a first network entity associated with a target cell characterized by comprising: transmitting, to a first user equipment (UE), configuration information indicating one or more conditions to perform a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; determining to enter a network power saving mode (NES); transmitting, to the first UE based on the determination to enter NES mode, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode based on the trigger signal.

16. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that one or more conditions comprise: one or more signal measurements associated with the target cell being greater than or equal to a threshold; the reception of the trigger signal for the conditional handover; and a conditional handover execution timer having expired after the reception of the trigger signal in the first UE.

17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that: the conditional handover execution timer is based on a time value of the execution time configured for the first UE; the time value of the execution time configured is transmitted in the configuration information or in the trigger signal; and the time value of the execution time configured for the first UE is different from other time values ​​of the execution time configured, to execute conditional handovers, associated with other UEs in the source cell.

18. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that: the time value of the execution time set for the first UE is less than or equal to a time value of the execution time to enter NES mode; and performing one or more actions related to entering NES mode, comprising: starting an NES execution timer, wherein the NES execution timer has a start time set to the execution time value to enter NES mode; and entering NES mode after the NES execution timer expires and without receiving negative acknowledgment (NACK) information from any UEs in the source cell, including the first UE.

19. Method according to claim 15, characterized by further comprising receiving feedback information from the first UE using a set of timing and frequency features, wherein the set of timing and frequency features is indicated in the configuration information.

20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that: the feedback information comprises Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) information received in Uplink Control Information (UCI) and with a HARQ identifier associated with the conditional handover; Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, p. 179 / 198 8 / 12 the HARQ information comprises an acknowledgment (ACK) indicating that the UE is able to execute the conditional handover; and the HARQ information comprises a negative acknowledgment (NACK) indicating that the UE is unable to execute the conditional handover.

21. Method, according to claim 19, characterized in that the set of time and frequency resources is shared with a plurality of UEs in the source cell, including the first UE.

22. Method according to claim 21, characterized by: based on the set of time and frequency resources that is shared with the plurality of UEs, the trigger signal includes an indication of a first subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to the first UE to transmit feedback information; and the first subset of time and frequency resources being different from at least one second subset of time and frequency resources, from the set of time and frequency resources, allocated to a second UE.

23. The method, according to claim 19, characterized by receiving feedback information, comprises receiving negative confirmation (NACK) information indicating that at least one or more conditions are not met.

24. Method according to claim 23, characterized by: Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 180 / 198 9 / 12 the NACK information being received from the first UE before the expiration of a conditional handover execution timer associated with the first UE; and performing one or more actions including not entering NES mode based on the receipt of the NACK information.

25. A method according to claim 23, characterized by receiving NACK information comprising at least one of: receiving NACK information in uplink control information (UCI) on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH); or receiving NACK information in a medium access control element (MAC-CE) on a shared physical uplink channel (PUSCH); or receiving a random access channel (RACH) transmission from the first UE, wherein the RACH transmission indicates the NACK information.

26. Method, according to claim 19, characterized by: receiving feedback information; understanding receiving confirmation (ACK) information from the first UE indicating that all conditions in one or more conditions are satisfied; and performing one or more actions; understanding entering NES mode after receiving ACK information from all UEs connected to the source cell, including the ACK information received from the first UE.

27. Method according to claim 15, characterized by: Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, pp. 181 / 198 10 / 12 performing one or more actions including entering NES mode only after receiving conditional handover success information for each UE of one or more UEs previously served by the first network entity associated with the originating cell, including the first UE; and one of the following: the conditional handover success information being received from one or more respective target cells associated with each UE of one or more UEs, including the target cell associated with the first UE; or the conditional handover success information being received, from the second network entity associated with the target cell, in a handover success message that indicates the conditional handover success information for multiple UEs, including the first UE.

28. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the trigger signal comprises one of: a unicast downlink control information (DCI) message; a unicast medium access control element (MAC-CE) message; or a broadcast group downlink control information (DCI) message.

29. First user equipment (UE) characterized by comprising: a memory containing executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and to make the UE: Petition 870250079787, dated 05 / 09 / 2025, page 182 / 198 11 / 12 receive, from a first network entity associated with a source cell, configuration information indicating one or more conditions to perform a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; receive, from the first network entity associated with the source cell, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and perform one or more actions related to the execution of the conditional handover based on the trigger signal and the one or more conditions.

30. First network entity characterized by comprising: a memory containing executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and to make the first network entity: transmit, to a first user device (UE), configuration information indicating one or more conditions for performing a conditional handover from the first network entity associated with the source cell to a second network entity associated with a target cell; determine to enter a network power saving mode (NES); transmit, to the first UE based on the determination to enter NES mode, a trigger signal including a trigger command for the conditional handover; and perform one or more actions related to entering NES mode based on the trigger signal.

Images