A gasification device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a gasification device, including: a gasifier, a top burner is provided on the top, and a side-spray burner is provided on the side; a sensible heat recovery device, the inlet of which is connected with the discharge port of the gasifier, and part of the solid matter after sensible heat recovery is discharged from the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device along with the synthesis gas, and the remaining solid matter is discharged from the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device; a filter, the inlet of which is connected with the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device, the synthesis gas and part of the solid matter carried by it enter the filter for separation, the separated synthesis gas is discharged through the synthesis gas outlet of the filter, and the separated solid matter is discharged through the solid outlet of the filter; a return device, which pressurizes the solid matter separated by filtration, and after pressurization, it is transported to the gasifier through the top burner and / or the side-spray burner for re-gasification. The gasification device in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the problem of high energy consumption in the ash return process during the gasification process of carbon-containing substances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a gasification device for carbon-containing substances, and in particular to a device for gasifying carbon-containing fuels (coke, petroleum coke, etc.) with poor gasification reaction activity under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Background Art

[0002] The pressurized gasification of carbon-containing materials such as coal, coke, petroleum coke and even solid waste is an important direction for the clean utilization of solid energy. At present, a variety of coal gasification technologies have been developed in the market. Their common feature is that they react incompletely with oxygen under high temperature and high pressure to generate high-temperature crude synthesis gas with hydrogen and carbon monoxide as the main components, and then send the synthesis gas to the subsequent process after a cooling process. However, it is difficult for the primary gasification technology to obtain satisfactory results for fuels with poor gasification reaction activity (such as some coke and petroleum coke), and there are generally low carbon conversion rates and large amounts of ash. To solve this problem, some dry powder gasification technologies currently use the secondary circulation of coal ash, but some ash return schemes require drying of fine ash, and some schemes have to relieve the pressure of high-pressure fine ash and re-pressurize fluidization to ensure the uniformity and stability of the coal quality entering the furnace. These methods have high energy consumption and are not the best solutions for fine ash return. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a gasification device. The use of the gasification device in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the current problems of low carbon conversion rate and high energy consumption in the ash return process of some carbon-containing substances during the gasification process.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0005] A gasification device for gasifying carbon-containing substances, the gasification device comprising:

[0006] A gasifier, wherein the top of the gasifier is provided with an overhead burner and the side of the gasifier is provided with a side-spray burner;

[0007] A sensible heat recovery device, wherein the inlet of the sensible heat recovery device is connected to the discharge port of the gasifier, so that the synthesis gas and solid matter obtained after being processed by the gasifier enter the sensible heat recovery device for sensible heat recovery, and part of the solid matter after sensible heat recovery is discharged from the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device along with the synthesis gas, and the remaining solid matter is discharged from the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device;

[0008] a filter, wherein the inlet of the filter is in communication with the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device, so that the solid matter and the synthesis gas discharged through the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device enter the filter for separation, the separated synthesis gas is discharged through the synthesis gas outlet of the filter, and the separated solid matter is discharged through the solid outlet of the filter;

[0009] A return device, wherein the inlet of the return device is connected to the solid outlet of the filter, and is used to feed the solid matter separated by the filter into the return device. The return device pressurizes the solid matter entering therein and then transports it to the gasifier for re-gasification through the overhead burner and / or the side-spray burner.

[0010] Preferably, the sensible heat recovery device comprises a radiation waste boiler and a convection waste boiler which are connected, and the inlet and the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device are both arranged on the radiation waste boiler;

[0011] The air outlet of the sensible heat recovery device is arranged on the convection waste pot.

[0012] Preferably, the gasification device further comprises a vertically arranged tube shell, the upper part of the tube shell forms the gasification furnace, and the radiation waste pot is arranged in the lower part of the tube shell; the upper end of the radiation waste pot forms the inlet of the sensible heat recovery device, and the lower end of the radiation waste pot forms the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device; the convection waste pot is arranged vertically or horizontally, one end of the convection waste pot is connected to the side wall of the radiation waste pot close to the lower end, and the other end of the convection waste pot forms the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device.

[0013] Preferably, a top burner is provided on the top of the gasifier, and four side-spray burners are provided on the side, and the four side-spray burners are evenly distributed on the side of the gasifier with the central axis of the gasifier as the center.

[0014] Preferably, the gasification device further comprises a solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device, and the solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device is used to transport carbon-containing materials to the overhead burner and / or the side-spraying burner.

[0015] Preferably, the return material device is used to convey pressurized solid matter to the overhead burner, and the solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device is used to convey carbon-containing matter to the side-spraying burner.

[0016] Preferably, the gasification device may further include a cooler, which is arranged between the filter and the return device, so that the solid matter enters the return device after being cooled by the cooler.

[0017] Preferably, the gasification device further comprises a washing or dust removal device, the inlet of which is connected to the synthesis gas outlet of the filter, so that the synthesis gas filtered by the filter can be further dusted or washed.

[0018] Preferably, the furnace wall of the gasifier is a sandwich structure, and a medium inlet for introducing a heat exchange medium into the sandwich and a medium outlet for discharging the medium are provided on the furnace wall.

[0019] Preferably, a cooling medium inlet is provided on the radiation waste pot and / or the convection waste pot.

[0020] Based on the disclosure of the above embodiments, it can be known that the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Compared with the current mainstream gasification technology, the present invention returns the incompletely burned / gasified carbon-containing substances to the gasifier for secondary gasification, thereby ensuring a high carbon conversion rate of the low-reactivity carbon-containing substances, greatly broadening the fuel adaptability of the gasifier, and reducing the ash discharge of the gasification system;

[0022] 2. By arranging a return device and an overhead burner in the gasification device, the solid matter obtained after being processed by the gasifier is pressurized by the return device and then returned to the gasifier for secondary gasification. For example, the pressurized solid matter can enter the gasifier through the overhead burner, thereby not destroying the symmetry of the flow field in the gasifier.

[0023] 3. The sensible heat recovery device in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a full waste boiler process, and the syngas discharged from the gas outlet and the solid matter discharged with the syngas are relatively dry, and no drying treatment is required. In addition, the sensible heat recovery and utilization of the process is sufficient, and all sensible heat is used to generate high / medium pressure steam, and the steam power generation is relatively large.

[0024] 4. Compared with the traditional solid matter return method, the gasification device in the embodiment of the present invention does not need to perform pressure relief and drying on the solid matter during the solid matter return process, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption of the return material.

[0025] 5. The gasifier in the embodiment of the present invention adopts dry powder feed, and the furnace wall is set as a water-cooled wall. The operating temperature of the gasifier can be as high as 1500-1700°C, which is widely applicable to various carbon-containing substances, and the overall power supply efficiency of the system is also higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a gasification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of an application mode of the gasification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The following is a list of reference numerals:

[0030] 1-gasifier, 2-top burner, 3-gasifier water-cooled wall, 4-gasifier shell, 5-side spray burner, 6-gasifier discharge port, 7-solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device, 8-sensible heat recovery device, 9-filter, 10-cooler, 11-return device, 12-radiation waste boiler, 13-convection waste boiler, 14-connecting section, 15-cooling medium inlet, 16-slag discharge device, 17-washing or dust removal device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of an embodiment. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the general description of the present disclosure given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0034] These and other characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should also be understood that, although the invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art will be able to realize many other equivalent forms of the invention that have the characteristics recited in the claims and are therefore within the scope of protection defined thereby.

[0036] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present disclosure, which may be implemented in a variety of ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present disclosure with unnecessary or redundant details. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use the present disclosure in a variety of ways with substantially any suitable detailed structure.

[0038] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in a further embodiment," or "in other embodiments," all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present disclosure.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gasification device for gasifying carbon-containing substances, the gasification device comprising:

[0041] A gasifier 1, wherein a top burner 2 is provided on the top of the gasifier 1, and a side-spray burner 5 is provided on the side;

[0042] A sensible heat recovery device 8, the inlet of which is connected to the discharge port 6 of the gasifier, so that the synthesis gas and solid matter obtained after being processed by the gasifier 1 enter the sensible heat recovery device 8 for sensible heat recovery, and part of the solid matter after sensible heat recovery is discharged from the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8 along with the synthesis gas, and the remaining solid matter is discharged from the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8;

[0043] A filter 9, wherein the inlet of the filter 9 is communicated with the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8, so that the solid matter and the synthesis gas discharged through the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8 enter the filter 9 for separation, the separated synthesis gas is discharged through the synthesis gas outlet of the filter 9, and the separated solid matter is discharged through the solid outlet of the filter 9;

[0044] A return device 11, the inlet of which is connected to the solid outlet of the filter 9, is used to feed the solid matter separated by the filter 9 into the return device 11. The return device 11 pressurizes the solid matter entering therein and then transports it to the gasifier 1 for re-gasification through the overhead burner 2 and / or the side-spraying burner 5.

[0045] Among them, synthesis gas is defined as a gas with combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main components, and solid matter may include solid slag and solid particles, wherein the solid particles are discharged from the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device along with the synthesis gas, and the solid slag is discharged from the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device.

[0046] In this embodiment, by arranging a return device 11 and an overhead burner 2 in the gasification device, the solid matter separated by the filter 9 is pressurized by the return device 11 and then returned to the gasification furnace 1 for secondary gasification, thereby ensuring a high carbon conversion rate of low-reactive carbon-containing substances, greatly broadening the fuel adaptability of the gasification furnace 1, and reducing the ash discharge of the gasification system;

[0047] Exemplarily, the pressurized solid matter may enter the gasifier 1 through the overhead burner 2 , thereby not destroying the symmetry of the flow field in the gasifier 1 .

[0048] Or the pressurized solid matter is divided into multiple streams and respectively enters the gasifier 1 evenly through multiple side-spray burners 5, and ensures that the returned solid matter does not destroy the symmetry of the flow field in the gasifier 1, wherein the multiple side-spray burners 5 are evenly distributed on the side of the gasifier 1 with the central axis of the gasifier 1 as the center. At this time, the pressurized solid matter enters the gasifier 1 through each side-spray burner 5 at a constant flow rate without destroying the symmetry of the flow field in the gasifier 1.

[0049] Alternatively, the pressurized solid matter is divided into multiple streams, which enter the top burner 2 and the side-spray burner 5 respectively, wherein there are more than two side-spray burners 5, which are evenly distributed on the side of the gasifier 1 with the central axis of the gasifier 1 as the center. Similarly, the pressurized solid matter entering the gasifier 1 will not destroy the symmetry of the flow field in the gasifier 1.

[0050] like Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the sensible heat recovery device 8 includes a radiation waste boiler 12 and a convection waste boiler 13 which are connected to each other. The inlet and the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8 are both arranged on the radiation waste boiler 12; the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8 is arranged on the convection waste boiler 13. In other embodiments, the radiation waste boiler 12 and the convection waste boiler 13 are connected through a connecting section 14, such as Figure 1 As shown, the connecting section 14 is in an arc shape.

[0051] like Figure 3 In another embodiment shown, the gasification device further includes a vertically arranged tube shell, the upper part of the tube shell forms the gasification furnace 1, and the radiation waste pot 12 is arranged in the lower part of the tube shell; the upper end of the radiation waste pot 12 forms the inlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8, and the lower end of the radiation waste pot 12 forms the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8; the convection waste pot 13 is arranged vertically or horizontally, one end of the convection waste pot 13 is connected to the side wall of the radiation waste pot 12 close to the lower end, and the other end of the convection waste pot 13 forms the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8. In one embodiment, the shape of the convection waste pot 13 is the shape of the convection waste pot in the prior art, for example, it can be cylindrical, the present invention is not limited to this, and the user can choose to set it according to needs.

[0052] In another embodiment, a cooling medium inlet 15 is provided on the radiation waste boiler 12 and / or the convection waste boiler 13, and the cooling medium inlet 15 may be one or more. The cooling medium entering from the cooling medium inlet 15 directly exchanges heat with the synthesis gas and solid matter entering the sensible heat recovery device 8, wherein the cooling medium may be water, water vapor, atomized water or inert gas, etc. Further, for the purpose of controlling the temperature in the sensible heat recovery device 8 or for other reasons, one or more cooling media may be added to the inlet of the sensible heat recovery device 8 or the cooling medium inlet 15.

[0053] In other embodiments of the present invention, no cooling medium may be introduced into the sensible heat recovery device 8 , so that the cooling process of the synthesis gas and solid matter obtained after being treated by the gasifier 1 is completely achieved by heat exchange with the sensible heat recovery device 8 .

[0054] like Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, a top burner 2 is provided on the top of the gasifier 1, and four side-spray burners 5 are provided on the side, and the four side-spray burners 5 are evenly distributed on the side of the gasifier 1 with the central axis of the gasifier 1 as the center. Preferably, the central axis of the top burner 2 coincides with the central axis of the gasifier 1.

[0055] In another embodiment of the present invention, a top burner 2 is provided on the top of the gasification furnace 1, and four side-spray burners 5 are provided on the side, and the four side-spray burners 5 form a first pair of side-spray burners 5 and a second pair of side-spray burners 5, the first pair of side-spray burners 5 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second pair of side-spray burners 5 are located directly below the first pair of side-spray burners 5.

[0056] In other embodiments of the present invention, there is no limit to the number of overhead burners 2 and side-spray burners 5. Generally, the number of overhead burners 2 is 1 to 3, and the number of side-spray burners 5 is 4 to 8. Multiple side-spray burners 5 are evenly arranged with the central axis of the gasifier 1 as the center.

[0057] Continue to combine Figure 1 or Figure 3 As shown, the gasification device further comprises a solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device 7, and the solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device 7 is used to transport carbon-containing materials to the overhead burner 2 and / or the side-spraying burner 5.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, the return device 11 is used to transport pressurized solid matter to the overhead burner 2 , and the solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device 7 is used to transport carbon-containing matter to the side-spraying burner 5 .

[0059] In one embodiment, the overhead burner 2 and the side-spraying burner 5 can use both the carbon-containing material produced by solid fuel pulverization and the powder feeding device 7 and the pressurized solid material transported by the return device 11, or can use both the carbon-containing material produced by solid fuel pulverization and the powder feeding device 7 and the pressurized solid material transported by the return device 11.

[0060] In another embodiment, the carbon-containing material output by the solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device 7 and the pressurized solid material output by the return device 11 can be introduced into the overhead burner 2 in a premixed or non-premixed form, and the ratio of the carbon-containing material to the pressurized solid material can be adjusted.

[0061] Continue as Figure 1 As shown, the gasification device further includes a cooler 10, which is disposed between the filter 9 and the return device 11, so that the solid matter enters the return device 11 after being cooled by the cooler 10. The cooler 10 can cool the return material by inputting cooling gas, and can prevent the return material device 11 from being damaged due to high return material temperature caused by fluctuations in operating conditions.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the gasification device further includes a washing or dust removal device 17, the inlet of which is connected to the synthesis gas outlet of the filter 9, so that the synthesis gas filtered by the filter 9 can be further dusted or washed for other uses.

[0063] like Figure 2 or Figure 3 The gasifier 1 shown has a furnace wall of a sandwich structure, and is provided with a medium inlet for introducing a heat exchange medium into the sandwich, and a medium outlet for discharging the medium. For example, water is introduced into the medium inlet, and after heat exchange, the water is converted into water vapor and discharged from the medium outlet.

[0064] In other embodiments, the gasifier 1 also includes a burner, an online oxygen-coal ratio adjustment device, a furnace temperature measuring device, a direct or indirect reaction water-cooled wall steam production measurement device, etc., and the working parameters of the gasifier 1 are monitored and adjusted online according to the return conditions of different solid substances.

[0065] In order to better understand the working process of the above-mentioned gasification device, the working process of the gasification device is described as follows:

[0066] Carbon-containing materials with poor gasification reaction activity such as petroleum coke are used as gasification raw materials. After being pulverized by the solid fuel pulverizing and powder feeding device 7, they enter the gasifier 1 together with oxygen and water vapor through the side spray burner 5 of the gasifier 1 for gasification reaction. The synthesis gas and solid matter obtained after being processed by the gasifier 1 enter the radiation waste boiler 12 for heat exchange and cooling. After heat exchange, part of the solid matter will enter the convection waste boiler 13 with the synthesis gas for further heat exchange and cooling, and the remaining solid matter will be discharged from the slag outlet of the radiation waste boiler 12 and enter the slag discharge device 16. The solid matter and synthesis gas after heat exchange in the convection waste boiler 13 enter the high-temperature and high-pressure filter 9 for separation, and the separated synthesis gas is discharged through the synthesis gas outlet of the filter 9, and the separated solid matter is discharged through the solid outlet of the filter 9; further, the discharged synthesis gas enters the washing or dust removal device 17, so that the synthesis gas obtained by filtering the filter 9 is further dusted or washed for other uses. The separated solid matter is cooled by the cooler 10 and then enters the return device 11 for pressurization. After pressurization, it is transported to the gasifier 1 through the overhead burner 2 together with oxygen and water vapor for re-gasification.

[0067] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasification device for gasifying carbon-containing substances, characterized in that: The gasification device comprises: A gasifier, wherein the top of the gasifier is provided with an overhead burner and the side of the gasifier is provided with a side-spray burner; A sensible heat recovery device, wherein the inlet of the sensible heat recovery device is connected to the discharge port of the gasifier, so that the synthesis gas and solid matter obtained after being processed by the gasifier enter the sensible heat recovery device for sensible heat recovery, and part of the solid matter after sensible heat recovery is discharged from the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device along with the synthesis gas, and the remaining solid matter is discharged from the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device; a filter, wherein the inlet of the filter is in communication with the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device, so that the solid matter and the synthesis gas discharged through the gas outlet of the sensible heat recovery device enter the filter for separation, the separated synthesis gas is discharged through the synthesis gas outlet of the filter, and the separated solid matter is discharged through the solid outlet of the filter; A material return device, the inlet of which is connected to the solid outlet of the filter, and is used to feed the solid matter separated by the filter into the material return device, and the material return device pressurizes the solid matter entering the material return device and then feeds it to the gasifier through the overhead burner and / or the side-spray burner for re-gasification; The sensible heat recovery device comprises a radiation waste pot and a convection waste pot which are connected to each other, and the inlet and the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device are both arranged on the radiation waste pot; The air outlet of the sensible heat recovery device is arranged on the convection waste pot; The convection waste pot is arranged vertically or horizontally, one end of the convection waste pot is connected to the side wall of the radiation waste pot near the lower end through a connecting section, and the other end of the convection waste pot forms the air outlet of the sensible heat recovery device; the shape of the connecting section is arc-shaped.

2. The gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification device also includes a vertically arranged tube shell, the upper part of the tube shell forms the gasification furnace, and the radiation waste pot is arranged in the lower part of the tube shell; the upper end of the radiation waste pot forms the inlet of the sensible heat recovery device, and the lower end of the radiation waste pot forms the slag outlet of the sensible heat recovery device.

3. The gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the gasifier is provided with a top burner, and the side is provided with four side-spray burners, and the four side-spray burners are evenly distributed on the side of the gasifier with the central axis of the gasifier as the center.

4. The gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification device further comprises a solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device, wherein the solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device is used to transport carbon-containing substances to the overhead burner and / or the side-spraying burner.

5. The gasification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material return device is used to transport pressurized solid matter to the overhead burner, and the solid fuel pulverizing and feeding device is used to transport carbon-containing matter to the side-spraying burner.

6. The gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification device further comprises a cooler, which is arranged between the filter and the material return device, so that the solid matter enters the material return device after being cooled by the cooler.

7. The gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification device further comprises a dust removal device, the inlet of which is connected to the synthesis gas outlet of the filter, so as to further remove dust from the synthesis gas filtered by the filter.

8. The gasification device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dust removal device is a washing device.

9. The gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace wall of the gasifier is a sandwich structure, and a medium inlet for introducing a heat exchange medium into the sandwich and a medium outlet for discharging the medium are arranged on the furnace wall.

10. The gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation waste pot and / or the convection waste pot is provided with a cooling medium inlet.

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