A single- and double-polar conversion system and surgical instrument

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a monopolar and bipolar conversion system and a surgical instrument, which is used to connect a first forceps head and a second forceps head of the surgical instrument, and the first forceps head and the second forceps head are insulated and include: a plate for being attached to a human body; a first connection end, the first connection end being connected to the first forceps head; a second connection end, the second connection end being connected to the second forceps head; a bipolar circuit, connected to a first power supply, with the first connection end being connected to the positive pole of the first power supply and the second connection end being connected to the negative pole of the first power supply; a monopolar circuit, connected to a second power supply, with the first connection end being connected to the positive pole of the second power supply and the plate being connected to the negative pole of the second power supply; a circuit switching device, the circuit switching device realizes the conduction switching between a bipolar circuit and a monopolar circuit. The surgical instrument of this patent not only has all the monopolar functions of other instruments but also has bipolar functions, and has a wide range of applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a single- and double-pole conversion system and a surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] In the existing technology, surgical instruments implement two high-frequency energy conduction modes: single-instrument monopolar and bipolar. Doctors can choose the required monopolar or bipolar mode on one instrument. This avoids the doctor's switching between monopolar and bipolar instruments, reduces the doctor's fatigue and operation time, and allows the doctor to concentrate more on the operation and reduce the adverse effects of changing instruments. Chinese patent document CN201922342163.9 provides "A detachable structure tissue closure cutting electrode". This invention adds a blade for cutting tissue on the basis of bipolar forceps, so that this instrument can complete tissue coagulation and cutting without changing the instrument. However, this technical solution still has shortcomings. The cutting of the instrument can only be performed after the coagulation is completed, and in the case of incomplete coagulation, the physical cutting of the blade has a greater risk of bleeding than the electric cutting of high-frequency energy.

[0003] In addition, the domestic market has also seen the introduction of ultrasonic scalpels by European and American medical companies, represented by Johnson & Johnson in the United States. The principle is to use the high-frequency vibration of the blade (generally between 20kHz and 60kHz) to produce cavitation, which quickly vaporizes the water in the tissue, breaks the protein hydrogen bonds, and denatures and coagulates the protein, thereby achieving cutting, coagulation and hemostasis. However, this technical solution has very high requirements for materials and processing, the trial cost of the device is relatively high, and when targeting larger blood vessels (about 5mm), the coagulation effect is not as good as that of bipolar high-frequency devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of poor cutting effect of multifunctional surgical instruments in the prior art, the present invention provides a monopolar and bipolar conversion system that can realize monopolar and bipolar conversion and has multiple functions such as cutting and coagulation, and a surgical instrument having the same.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A single-pole and double-pole conversion system for connecting a first clamp head and a second clamp head of a surgical instrument, wherein the first clamp head and the second clamp head are insulated from each other, comprising:

[0007] Plates for attaching to the human body;

[0008] A first connecting end, the first connecting end being connected to a first clamp head;

[0009] A second connecting end, the second connecting end being connected to a second clamp;

[0010] A bipolar circuit is connected to a first power supply, wherein the first connection end is connected to the positive pole of the first power supply, and the second connection end is connected to the negative pole of the first power supply.

[0011] A unipolar circuit is connected to a second power source, wherein the first connection end is connected to the positive electrode of the second power source, and the plate is connected to the negative electrode of the second power source;

[0012] A circuit switching device realizes the conduction switching between a bipolar circuit and a unipolar circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the circuit switching device includes a plurality of relays arranged in the bipolar circuit and the unipolar circuit.

[0014] Furthermore, the first connection end and the second connection end are configured as quick-connect connectors, and the surgical instrument is provided with a quick-connect interface that cooperates with the quick-connect connector.

[0015] A surgical instrument includes the above-mentioned single- and bipolar conversion system, characterized in that the surgical instrument also includes a tube, a pull rod is movably provided in the tube, the pull rod is hinged to the first clamp head, a clamp seat is installed at the first end of the tube, the second clamp head is hinged to the clamp seat, the first connecting end is electrically connected to the pull rod, the second connecting end is electrically connected to the tube, the second end of the tube is provided with a first insulating sleeve for guiding the pull rod, the clamp seat is provided with a second insulating sleeve for limiting the pull rod, the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the pull rod, and the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the clamp seat. In this way, on the one hand, the pull rod is guided by the first insulating sleeve, and the second insulating sleeve can limit the pull rod, so that the pull rod will not contact the clamp seat, thereby preventing the pull rod from rubbing against the clamp seat after swinging, or even wearing away the plastic coating and causing breakdown.

[0016] Furthermore, an insulating assembly is provided between the first and second pliers, the insulating assembly comprising a first insulating member and a second insulating member fixedly connected thereto, the first insulating member being provided with a through hole for rotatably connecting to the second pliers, the first insulating member and the second insulating member cooperating to partially wrap the first pliers, the first insulating member being provided with a first receiving groove for accommodating the second insulating member, the second insulating member being provided with a second receiving groove for accommodating the first pliers on an end surface facing the first insulating member, the shape of the second receiving groove matching that of the first pliers, the depth of the first receiving groove being arranged along the axial direction of the through hole, the second insulating member and the first pliers both abutting against the bottom of the first receiving groove of the first insulating member, the first pliers having a first leg and a second leg, the second leg and the first leg being respectively located on either side of the through hole. Thus, the through hole being located on either side of the first leg and the second leg, on the one hand, facilitates saving assembly space, and on the other hand, enables balanced force on the first pliers, facilitating smooth movement. Furthermore, the first and second pliers heads have teeth for clamping tissue and pliers tips for cutting tissue. In addition to the teeth and pliers tips, the first and second pliers heads are provided with an insulating layer at other positions. The insulating layer is a frosted insulating layer. The pull rod is provided with a plastic coating layer, and the plastic coating layer extends to a position close to the hinge of the pull rod and the first pliers head.

[0017] Furthermore, the surgical instrument includes a fixed handle and a movable handle, and also includes a pull rod driving device, the pull rod driving device includes a slider slidably arranged on the fixed handle and sliding along the axial direction of the pull rod, a connecting rod assembly is provided between the slider and the movable handle, the slider is connected to a swinging piece for pulling or releasing the pull rod, and the swinging piece has a slot, when the slider moves in a direction away from the pull rod, the swinging piece swings so that the slot clamps the protrusion at the end of the pull rod, a reset spring is connected between the slider and the fixed handle, and after the slider is reset, the protrusion disengages from the slot.

[0018] Furthermore, the swinging member is rotatably connected to the slider, a guide block is fixed on the fixed handle, and the guide block is provided with a wedge surface for causing the swinging member to swing toward the pull rod while following the movement of the slider, and a first spring is provided between the swinging member and the slider to reset the swinging member.

[0019] Furthermore, a support portion for supporting the pull rod toward the swinging member is fixed on the slider, and the support portion includes a support column telescopically arranged in the slider, and a second spring is provided between the support column and the slider.

[0020] Furthermore, the connecting rod assembly includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the fixed handle, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the movable handle, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting rod, and the second end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the slider, and the first connecting rod is in contact with the slider and transmits power to each other.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The monopolar and bipolar conversion system of the present invention enables the instrument to have two main working modes: monopolar and bipolar. Compared with other instruments that only have a monopolar mode, the surgical instrument of this patent not only has all the monopolar functions of other instruments but also has bipolar functions. The bipolar electrocoagulation function is to provide high-frequency electrical energy to the body tissue through the two forceps heads, so that the blood vessels between the two ends of the bipolar forceps are dehydrated and coagulated, thereby achieving the purpose of hemostasis, and the forceps heads are small in size and easy to operate. Its scope of action is limited to the space between the two forceps heads, and the degree of damage to the body tissue and the scope of influence are much smaller than the monopolar method. It is suitable for sealing small blood vessels (diameter <4mm) and fallopian tubes, and its safety is higher than that of monopolar; and it can also play the same electrocoagulation and hemostasis role in the presence of liquids such as saline, cerebrospinal fluid or blood, which is also beyond the reach of monopolar electric knives. At the same time, by switching modes, monopolar cutting can also be performed in the abdominal cavity, and it has a wide range of applications;

[0023] (2) The single-pole and bipolar conversion system of the present invention can realize the conversion of single-pole and bipolar functions by converting the circuit, which is easy to implement and low in cost;

[0024] (3) The single-polar and bipolar conversion system can be equipped with a foot switch. The foot switch can be set to three types: single-stage cutting, bipolar coagulation, and single-polar and bipolar switching. The doctor can use the foot pedal to trigger the single-polar and bipolar output, freeing the fingers to operate, allowing the doctor to focus more on operating the instrument during surgery;

[0025] (4) The swing block of the surgical instrument of the present invention does not limit the pull rod in a free state. The pull rod and the like can be quickly assembled and disassembled by pressing the button of the quick-release structure. The pliers base can be disassembled to replace various pliers heads as needed, and the replacement is convenient and quick. In addition, the insulating member of the present invention is detachably connected. If the first insulating member and / or the second insulating member do not meet the test standards during processing, only the first insulating member and / or the second insulating member can be replaced, and the first pliers head and the second pliers head do not need to be scrapped. In the prior art, the insulating layer is directly sprayed on the pliers head or integrally injection-molded. If the pressure resistance of the pliers head does not meet the standards, the first pliers head or the second pliers head will be scrapped as a whole. Therefore, the bipolar insulating pliers head of the present invention can save costs compared with the prior art.

[0026] (5) The present invention uses an insulating member to achieve insulation between the two clamp heads, which has the advantages of high hardness, high wear resistance, high adhesion, high temperature resistance, high insulation performance, and long service life. In addition, there is an insulating sleeve between the pull rod and the pipe fitting, and a plastic coating is provided on the pull rod. The withstand voltage between the two clamp heads can reach 1800V, which is safe and reliable.

[0027] (6) The prior art provides a through hole on the first clamp head, and then spray glue or integrally inject molded the first clamp head, which has limitations. In this patent, a through hole is provided on the first insulator, and the distance between the first leg and the second leg of the first clamp head can be adjusted. In this way, the distance between the first clamp head and the second clamp head at the hinge can be appropriately adjusted according to the requirements of the withstand voltage value, and the adjustable range is wide.

[0028] (7) The structure of the swinging member + support seat of the pull rod driving structure of the present invention, as well as the plurality of guide columns and guide grooves between the slider and the fixed handle, ensure that the pull rod moves in a straight line, reducing the contact probability between the pull rod and the clamp seat from the perspective of movement form. Moreover, the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the pull rod, and the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the clamp seat, which prevents over-positioning of the pull rod and ensures smooth movement of the pull rod. In addition, the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve between the pipe fitting and the pull rod is larger than the inner diameter of the pull rod, and the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the clamp seat. The pull rod will not contact the clamp seat, preventing the pull rod from rubbing against the clamp seat after swinging, or even wearing out the plastic coating to cause breakdown, thereby ensuring isolation between the pull rod and the clamp seat from the perspective of physical structure, thereby ensuring a better isolation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a single- and bipolar conversion system according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is an assembly stereoscopic structure of the first clamp head, the first insulating member and the second insulating member. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 3 It is an assembly stereoscopic structure of the first clamp head, the first insulating member and the second insulating member. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 4 It is an assembled front view of the first clamp head, the first insulating member and the second insulating member;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along AA;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along CC;

[0036] Figure 7 A structural diagram of the first clamp head;

[0037] Figure 8 Another structural diagram of the first clamp head;

[0038] Figure 9 It is a front cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the bipolar insulation assembly;

[0039] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 11 It is a side view of the overall structure of the bipolar insulation assembly;

[0041] Figure 12 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the bipolar insulation component.

[0042] Figure 13 It is a front view of the pull rod drive structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 is a first perspective view of the pull rod driving structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 15 is a second perspective view of the pull rod drive structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 16 is a structural diagram of the first handle;

[0046] Figure 17 is a structural diagram of the second handle;

[0047] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-disassembly structure.

[0048] Among them, 1. first clamp head, 11. first leg, 12. second leg, 2. second clamp head, 3. first insulating member, 31. through hole, 32. first accommodating groove, 4. second insulating member, 41. second accommodating groove, 5. pipe fitting, 6. pull rod, 61. protrusion, 62. groove, 7. clamp seat, 8. first insulating sleeve, 9. second insulating sleeve, 10. fixed handle, 101. guide groove, 102. first side handle, 103. second side handle, 104. snap ring, 20. movable handle, 30. slider, 31. guide column, 40. connecting rod assembly, 401. first connecting rod, 402. second connecting rod, 50. swinging member, 51. clamping groove, 60. guide block, 61. wedge surface, 70. support part, 80. first power supply, 90. second power supply, 100. plate, 110. first connecting end, 120. second connecting end, K1, first relay, K2, second relay, K3, third relay, K4, fourth relay, K5, fifth relay. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0051] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, the numerical expressions and the numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0053] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0054] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] This patented device uses two forceps heads on a single instrument, each connected to the energy platform through different components. The two high-frequency energy transmission lines and components are insulated by spraying or coating with an insulating layer to ensure safety. This device implements both monopolar and bipolar high-frequency energy transmission modes, allowing surgeons to select the desired monopolar or bipolar mode on a single instrument. This eliminates the need for surgeons to switch between monopolar and bipolar instruments, reduces surgeon fatigue and surgical time, and allows surgeons to focus more on the surgery, minimizing the adverse effects of instrument changes.

[0056] Based on the above purpose, Figure 1 The present invention provides a single-bipolar conversion system for connecting a first forceps head 1 and a second forceps head 2 of a surgical instrument. The first forceps head 1 and the second forceps head 2 are insulated. The first forceps head 1 is connected to the first connection end 110, and the second forceps head 2 is connected to the second connection end 120. The single-bipolar conversion system includes a bipolar circuit and a unipolar circuit. The bipolar circuit is connected to a first power supply 80, and the first connection end 110 is connected to the positive pole of the first power supply 80, and the second connection end 120 is connected to the negative pole of the first power supply 80. The unipolar circuit is connected to a second power supply 90, and the first connection end 110 is connected to the positive pole of the second power supply 90, and the electrode plate 100 is connected to the negative pole of the second power supply 90; the electrode plate 100 is used to be attached to the human body; and also includes a circuit switching device, which realizes the conduction switching of the bipolar circuit and the unipolar circuit. As an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit switching device includes a plurality of relays arranged in the bipolar circuit and the unipolar circuit. Working principle of the single-bipolar conversion system: as Figure 1 The relays include a first relay K1, a second relay K2, a third relay K3, a fourth relay K4, and a fifth relay K5. When the user selects unipolar mode, relays K3, K4, and K5 close. Relays K1 and K2 close, and the unipolar mode is on. When the user selects bipolar mode, relays K1, K2, and K5 close, and relays K3 and K4 close, and the bipolar mode is on. In this way, switching between single and bipolar poles at a single output port is achieved through the switching of relays. The number and arrangement of relays are not limited to this embodiment; any arrangement that can achieve switching between bipolar and unipolar circuits is acceptable.

[0057] In order to facilitate connection, the first connection end 110 and the second connection end 120 are configured as quick-connect connectors, and a quick-connect interface that cooperates with the quick-connect connector is provided on the surgical instrument.

[0058] The present invention also provides a surgical instrument, comprising the above-mentioned single- and double-pole conversion system, such as Figures 2 to 17The surgical instrument also includes a pipe fitting 5, which includes a sleeve and a steel pipe. A pull rod 6 is movably provided in the pipe fitting 5. The pull rod 6 is hinged to the first clamp head 1. A clamp seat 7 is installed at the first end of the pipe fitting 5. The clamp seat 7 can be threadedly fixed to the steel pipe of the pipe fitting 5. The second clamp head 2 is hinged to the clamp seat 7. The first connecting end 110 is electrically connected to the pull rod 6, and the second connecting end 120 is electrically connected to the pipe fitting 5. The second end of the pipe fitting 5 is provided with a first insulating sleeve 8 for guiding the pull rod 6. The clamp seat 7 is provided with a second insulating sleeve 9 for limiting the pull rod 6. The inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve 9 is larger than the inner diameter of the pull rod 6, and the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the clamp seat 7. The surfaces of the pipe fitting 5 and the clamp seat 7 need to be sprayed with insulation or wrapped with insulating material.

[0059] An insulating assembly is provided between the first and second pliers 1 and 2. The insulating assembly comprises a first insulating member 3 and a second insulating member 4. In the present invention, the first and second insulating members 3 and 4 are secured by snap fastening. Of course, for added security, the first and second insulating members 3 and 4 can be reinforced with glue after being secured by snap fastening. The first insulating member 3 is provided with a through hole 31 for rotationally connecting with the second pliers 2. The first and second insulating members 3 and 4 cooperate to partially enclose the first pliers 1. The first insulating member 3 is provided with a first receiving groove 32 for accommodating the second insulating member 4. The end surface of the second insulating member 4 facing the first insulating member 3 is provided with a second receiving groove 41 for receiving the first pliers 1. The shape of the second receiving groove 41 matches that of the first pliers 1. The depth of the first receiving groove 32 is arranged along the axial direction of the through hole 31. The second insulating member 4 and the first pliers 1 both abut against the bottom of the first receiving groove 32 of the first insulating member 3. The first pliers 1 has a first leg 11 and a second leg 12. The second leg 12 and the first leg 11 are respectively located on either side of the through hole 31.

[0060] The first pliers head 1 and the second pliers head 2 have teeth for clamping tissue and pliers tips for cutting tissue. Except for the teeth and the pliers tips, the first pliers head 1 and the second pliers head 2 are provided with an insulating layer at other positions. The insulating layer is a frosted insulating layer. The pull rod 6 is provided with a plastic coating layer, and the plastic coating layer extends to the hinge position near the pull rod 6 and the first pliers head 1.

[0061] The surgical instrument includes a fixed handle 10 and a movable handle 20, as well as a pull rod drive device. The pull rod drive device includes a slider 30 slidably mounted on the fixed handle 10 and sliding along the axial direction of the pull rod 6. A connecting rod assembly 40 is provided between the slider 30 and the movable handle 20. The slider 30 is connected to a swinging member 50 for pulling or releasing the pull rod 6. The swinging member 50 has a slot 51. When the slider 30 moves away from the pull rod 6, the swinging member 50 swings so that the slot 51 engages with a protrusion 61 at the end of the pull rod 6. In the present invention, the protrusion 61 is a spherical protrusion, and the width of the slot 51 is smaller than the diameter of the protrusion 61 so that it can hook the protrusion 61. A reset spring is connected between the slider 30 and the fixed handle 10, and after the slider 30 is reset, the protrusion 61 disengages from the slot 51.

[0062] The swinging member 50 is rotatably connected to the slider 30, and a guide block 60 is fixed to the fixed handle 10. The guide block 60 is provided with a wedge surface 61 for causing the swinging member 50 to follow the movement of the slider 30 while swinging toward the pull rod 6. A first spring is provided between the swinging member 50 and the slider 30 to reset the swinging member 50.

[0063] A support portion 70 is fixed to the slider 30 for supporting the pull rod 6 toward the swing member 50. The support portion 70 includes a support column that is telescopically arranged within the slider 30, with a second spring interposed between the support column and the slider 30. When the pull rod 6 is inserted, the protrusion 61 of the pull rod 6 causes the support column to retract. As the pull rod 6 continues to be inserted, the support column extends and presses against a smaller rod behind the protrusion 61 of the pull rod 6, thereby supporting the pull rod 6 from below and preventing it from shaking. Together with the swing member 50, the pull rod 6 is restrained in place, preventing it from loosening.

[0064] The slider 30 is provided with several guide posts 31, and the fixed handle 10 is provided with guide grooves 101 that match the guide posts 31. The fixed handle 10 is formed by the splicing and fixing of a first handle 102 and a second handle 103. The first handle 102 and the second handle 103 are both provided with guide grooves 101. Furthermore, the guide posts 31 are not aligned in a straight line, and one of the guide posts 31 also serves as the hinge of the swing member 50, thereby achieving a more integrated structure.

[0065] The connecting rod assembly 40 includes a first connecting rod 401 and a second connecting rod 402. One end of the first connecting rod 401 is hinged to the fixed handle 10, and the other end of the first connecting rod 401 is hinged to the movable handle 20. One end of the second connecting rod 402 is hinged to the first connecting rod 401, and the second end of the second connecting rod 402 is hinged to the slider 30. The first connecting rod 401 contacts the slider 30 and transmits power to the slider 30. To ensure smooth transmission between the two, a groove is formed on one side of the slider 30, and the first connecting rod 401 is placed in the groove of the slider 30. When the movable handle 20 is grasped, the first connecting rod 401 drives the slider 30 to slide. When the movable handle 20 is released, the slider 30's return spring causes the slider 30 to return to its original position, and the slider 30 drives the first connecting rod 401 to return to its original position.

[0066] The monopolar and bipolar switching system can be controlled by a foot switch. The foot switch can be set to three modes: monopolar cutting, bipolar coagulation, and monopolar and bipolar switching. The surgeon can use the foot switch to trigger the monopolar and bipolar outputs, freeing up fingers to operate the instrument during surgery, allowing the surgeon to focus more on operating the instrument. The surgical instrument of the present invention can achieve monopolar cutting, monopolar coagulation, bipolar cutting (actually, pinching with the first and second forceps), and bipolar coagulation. Alternatively, an application interface, such as an LCD screen, can be used to achieve human-computer interaction, and monopolar and bipolar switching can be achieved through the LCD screen.

[0067] like Figure 18 A quick-release structure is also provided in the fixed handle 10, and the quick-release structure includes a snap ring 104. The inner diameter of the snap ring 104 is larger than the outer diameter of the protrusion 61 of the pull rod, so that the protrusion 61 can pass through. A groove 62 matching the snap ring is provided on the pull rod 6. A compression spring is provided between the snap ring 104 and the fixed handle 10. A button is connected to the snap ring 104. By pressing the button, the snap ring 104 overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring and moves, so that the center hole of the snap ring 104 is roughly aligned with the center of the pull rod 6, so that the pull rod 6 can be installed or removed. After releasing the button, the snap ring 104 moves toward the button under the action of the compression spring, thereby clamping the groove 62 of the pull rod 6 or resetting it.

[0068] The fixed handle 10 is also equipped with a knob that rotates relative to the fixed handle. The sleeve of the pipe 5 has a toothed structure that cooperates with the knob. The sleeve is installed on the fixed handle and can rotate with the knob, and the pull rod 6 can also be rotated, thereby realizing the rotation of the first pliers head 1 and the second pliers head 2.

[0069] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument comprising a monopolar and bipolar conversion system for connecting a first clamp head (1) and a second clamp head (2) of the surgical instrument, wherein the first clamp head (1) and the second clamp head (2) are insulated, characterized in that :include: An electrode plate (100) for attaching to a human body; A first connecting end (110), the first connecting end (110) being connected to the first clamp head (1); A second connecting end (120), the second connecting end (120) being connected to the second clamp head (2); A bipolar circuit is connected to a first power source (80), wherein the first connection end (110) is connected to the positive pole of the first power source (80), and the second connection end (120) is connected to the negative pole of the first power source (80). A unipolar circuit is connected to a second power source (90), wherein the first connection end (110) is connected to the positive electrode of the second power source (90), and the electrode plate (100) is connected to the negative electrode of the second power source (90); A circuit switching device, wherein the circuit switching device realizes conduction switching between a bipolar circuit and a unipolar circuit; The circuit switching device includes a plurality of relays arranged in a bipolar circuit and a unipolar circuit, wherein the relays include a first relay K1 connected to the positive pole of a first power source (80), a second relay K2 connected to the negative pole of the first power source (80), a third relay K3 connected to the positive pole of a second power source (90), a fourth relay K4 connected to the negative pole of the second power source (90), and a fifth relay K5 connected to both the positive pole of the first power source (80) and the positive pole of the second power source (90). When a user selects a unipolar mode, relays K3, K4, and K5 are closed, relays K1 and K2 are turned off, and the unipolar mode is turned on. When the user selects bipolar mode, relays K1, K2, and K5 are closed, relays K3 and K4 are closed, and the bipolar conduction is on; An insulating assembly is provided between the first pliers head (1) and the second pliers head (2), and the insulating assembly includes a first insulating member (3) and a second insulating member (4) that are fixedly connected. The first insulating member (3) is provided with a through hole (31) for rotatably connecting with the second pliers head (2). The first insulating member (3) and the second insulating member (4) cooperate to wrap the first pliers head (1). The first insulating member (3) is provided with a first receiving groove (32) for receiving the second insulating member (4). The end surface of the second insulating member (4) facing the first insulating member (3) is provided with a second receiving groove (32) for receiving the first pliers head (1). The second accommodating groove (41) is matched with the first pliers head (1) in shape, the depth of the first accommodating groove (32) is arranged along the axial direction of the through hole (31), the second insulating member (4) and the first pliers head (1) both contact the bottom of the first accommodating groove (32) of the first insulating member (3), the first pliers head (1) has a first leg (11) and a second leg (12), the second leg (12) and the first leg (11) are respectively located on both sides of the through hole (31), and the second insulating member (4) at least partially overlaps with the first insulating member (3) along the radial direction of the through hole (31).

2. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit switching device includes a plurality of relays arranged in the bipolar circuit and the unipolar circuit.

3. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connection end (110) and the second connection end (120) are configured as quick-connect connectors, and the surgical instrument is provided with a quick-connect interface that cooperates with the quick-connect connectors.

4. A surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The surgical instrument also includes a pipe fitting (5), wherein a pull rod (6) is movably provided in the pipe fitting (5), the pull rod (6) is hinged to the first clamp head (1), a clamp seat (7) is installed at the first end of the pipe fitting (5), the second clamp head (2) is hinged to the clamp seat (7), the first connecting end (110) is electrically connected to the pull rod (6), the second connecting end (120) is electrically connected to the pipe fitting (5), the second end of the pipe fitting (5) is provided with a first insulating sleeve (8) for guiding the pull rod (6), the clamp seat (7) is provided with a second insulating sleeve (9) for limiting the pull rod (6), the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve (9) is larger than the inner diameter of the pull rod (6), and the inner diameter of the second insulating sleeve (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the clamp seat (7).

5. A surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first pliers head (1) and the second pliers head (2) are provided with teeth for clamping tissue and pliers tips for cutting tissue. In addition to the teeth and pliers tips, the first pliers head (1) and the second pliers head (2) are provided with an insulating layer at other positions, wherein the insulating layer is a frosted insulating layer. The pull rod (6) is provided with a plastic coating layer, and the plastic coating layer extends to a hinge position close to the pull rod (6) and the first pliers head (1).

6. A surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surgical instrument includes a fixed handle (10) and a movable handle (20), and also includes a pull rod driving device, wherein the pull rod driving device includes a slider (30) slidably arranged on the fixed handle (10) and sliding along the axial direction of the pull rod (6), a connecting rod assembly (40) is provided between the slider (30) and the movable handle (20), the slider (30) is connected to a swinging member (50) for pulling or releasing the pull rod (6), and a slot (51) is provided on the swinging member (50), when the slider (30) moves in a direction away from the pull rod (6), the swinging member (50) swings so that the slot (51) clamps the protrusion at the end of the pull rod (6), a reset spring is connected between the slider (30) and the fixed handle (10), and after the slider (30) is reset, the protrusion disengages from the slot (51).

7. A surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swinging member (50) is rotatably connected to the slider (30), and a guide block (60) is fixed to the fixed handle (10). The guide block (60) is provided with a wedge surface (61) for causing the swinging member (50) to follow the movement of the slider (30) and swing toward the pull rod (6). A first spring is provided between the swinging member (50) and the slider (30) to reset the swinging member (50).

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: A support portion (70) for supporting the pull rod (6) in the direction of the swinging member (50) is fixed on the slider (30), and the support portion (70) includes a support column telescopically arranged in the slider (30), and a second spring is provided between the support column and the slider (30).

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly (40) includes a first connecting rod (401) and a second connecting rod (402), wherein one end of the first connecting rod (401) is hinged to the fixed handle (10), and the other end of the first connecting rod (401) is hinged to the movable handle (20), one end of the second connecting rod (402) is hinged to the first connecting rod (401), and the second end of the second connecting rod (402) is hinged to the slider (30), and the first connecting rod (401) and the slider (30) are in contact and transmit power to each other.

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