Radioactive material monitoring and early warning method and police monitoring and early warning device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a radioactive material monitoring and early warning method, comprising the following steps: conducting a hazard level analysis of an incident originating in a public place to determine the hazard level of the radioactive material; calculating a failure mode and effect analysis of the incident based on the passenger flow and evacuation distance of the public place; determining the hazard level of the radioactive material based on the hazard level and failure modes and effects; conducting a human factor analysis of disaster mitigation factors based on the response force deployment and disposal capabilities in the public place; calculating a risk value of the radioactive material in the public place based on the hazard level and mitigation factors; and issuing an early warning based on the magnitude of the risk value. The radioactive material monitoring and early warning method of the present invention can effectively address the current shortage of radioactive material police monitoring and early warning methods and devices in the public security field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of nuclear security technology, and in particular relates to a radioactive material monitoring and early warning method and a police monitoring and early warning device based on the radioactive material monitoring and early warning method. Background Art

[0002] Radioactive materials have become an integral part of people's daily lives and production, widely used in various fields, including industry, medicine, scientific research, and agriculture. Due to their varying degrees of radioactivity, radioactive materials, if exploited by criminals, can pose immeasurable risks to life and property. Therefore, it is essential to monitor and provide early warning for radioactive sources and materials.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN113219509A discloses a handheld radioactive source detector and radioactive source inspection method, which monitors and inspects radioactive sources using a radiation sensor, an RFID reader, a GPS positioning module, a central processing unit, a radioactive source monitoring module, and a display module. Chinese patent application CN113051288A discloses an intelligent radioactive source monitoring and management system and method, in which a data receiving module receives real-time radioactive source data from a monitored enterprise sent by a radioactive source monitor. An anomaly handling module determines whether a radioactive source anomaly exists in the monitored enterprise based on the radioactive source data. If an anomaly exists in the monitored enterprise, a radioactive source anomaly report is generated. A radioactive source classification module generates a radioactive source legend based on the radioactive source data, thereby enabling real-time and effective monitoring of the radioactive sources in the monitored enterprise. However, none of the aforementioned patents can be applied to policing radioactive materials in locations where crimes may be occurring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a radioactive material monitoring and early warning method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A radioactive material monitoring and early warning method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Conduct risk analysis of incidents originating in public places to determine the risk level of radioactive materials;

[0008] Conduct failure mode and effect analysis of radioactive events based on the passenger flow of the public place and the evacuation distance of the farthest personnel;

[0009] Determine the hazard level of radioactive materials based on the stated hazard level and failure modes and effects;

[0010] Conduct disaster reduction factor analysis based on the deployment of response forces and handling capabilities in public places;

[0011] Calculate the risk value of radioactive materials in the public place based on the hazard level and hazard reduction factors;

[0012] Based on the size of the risk value, an early warning is provided to the police officers in the public place.

[0013] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the initiating event is a safety response triggered by an automatic alarm of a radiation monitoring device.

[0014] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the hazard level of the radioactive article is a radiation dose level per standard unit distance of one meter from the radioactive article, which is calculated based on the radiation dose value of the radioactive article and the distance between the monitoring device and the radioactive article. Specifically, the radiation dose is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the monitoring device.

[0015] According to some preferred implementations of the present invention, the passenger flow of the public place is determined based on a historical statistical average, and the evacuation distance is determined by measuring the distance from the farthest point to the evacuation exit. Generally, the smaller the passenger flow and the shorter the distance, the higher the evacuation efficiency.

[0016] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the calculation of the failure modes and effects of the event needs to be assigned a correction factor δ based on the reliability of the site evacuation facilities, specifically:

[0017] Fm=Zn×Ed×δ

[0018] Where: Fm is the failure mode and effect of the event, Zn is the passenger flow of the public place, Ed is the evacuation distance, and δ is the evacuation efficiency correction factor.

[0019] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the hazard level of the radioactive material is calculated by the formula Dl=Rr×Fm; wherein Dl is the hazard level of the radioactive material, Rr is the degree of danger of the radioactive material, and Fm is the failure mode and effect.

[0020] According to some preferred implementations of the present invention, the disaster reduction factor is calculated using the formula Dr = Pd × Dc, where Dr is the disaster reduction factor, Pd is the response force deployment, and Dc is the handling capacity. The response force deployment affects the likelihood of the event developing, while the handling capacity affects the effectiveness of event control.

[0021] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the risk value is calculated using the formula R=Dl / Dr, where R is the risk value of radioactive items in the public place, Dl is the disaster-causing level of the radioactive items, and Dr is the disaster reduction factor.

[0022] The present invention also provides a radioactive material police monitoring and early warning device according to the early warning method as described above, including a terminal and a host. The terminal is provided with a monitoring module and a calculation module. The monitoring module is used to monitor the dose of radioactive materials and transmit data to the calculation module and the host. The calculation module is used to receive the data from the monitoring module and perform calculations to obtain results, and store and / or transmit the results to the host.

[0023] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, an early warning module is provided in the terminal, and the early warning module is used to obtain the result output by the calculation module and issue an early warning.

[0024] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, compared with the existing technology, the benefits of the present invention are: the radioactive material monitoring and early warning method of the present invention combines the characteristics of exposed radioactive materials (i.e., the harmfulness of the initiating event) and the population size of the site to calculate the failure mode and effect of the event, and determines the event risk based on the disaster reduction factors of human conditions, and quickly analyzes and judges the risk level, which can effectively solve the current problem of insufficient police monitoring and early warning methods and devices for radioactive materials in the public safety field. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The following are the Chinese names and calculation methods corresponding to the abbreviations used in the examples:

[0027] Table 1 Chinese names corresponding to abbreviations and calculation methods

[0028] name abbreviation Calculation method Radiation dose value <![CDATA[R a ]]> Automatic monitoring by monitoring device Monitoring device distance d The distance between the monitoring device and radioactive materials Degree of danger Rr Radiation dose level at a standard unit distance of one meter Passenger flow in public places Zn Determined based on historical statistical averages Evacuation distance Ed Can measure the distance from the farthest point to the evacuation exit Evacuation efficiency correction factor δ Facility reliability Failure Modes and Effects of Events Fm Fm=Zn×Ed×δ Hazardous levels of radioactive materials Dl Dl=Rr×Fm Response force deployment Pd - Disposal capacity Dc - Disaster reduction factors Dr Dr=Pd×Dc Risk value of radioactive materials R R=Dl / Dr

[0029] Table 2 Status and value assignment of each element

[0030]

[0031] Note: The number of police officers per 10,000 people refers to the number of police officers per 10,000 people's daily passenger flow; handling capacity corresponds to the handling level of police officers, which is obtained based on the average level of police officer assessments and is divided into the following ranges: the average assessment result is (80, 100] is 1, (60, 80] is 0.8, and (0, 60] is 0.6.

[0032] Based on the inherent hazards of radioactive materials (initiating events), the vulnerability of the site to risk (failure modes and effects), response force and disposal capabilities (human factors), etc., this paper proposes a probabilistic risk analysis (PRA) method model for police monitoring and early warning when radioactive materials are exposed in public places, as well as a corresponding monitoring and early warning device.

[0033] Example 1 Radioactive Material Monitoring and Early Warning Method

[0034] The method for monitoring and early warning of radioactive materials in public places in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Conduct a hazard analysis of the incident in the public place to determine the hazard level of the radioactive material.

[0036] The danger level of radioactive materials is the danger level of standard unit radioactive materials at a distance of one meter, which is calculated based on the radiation dose alarm value and the distance from the monitoring device.

[0037] The initiating event may be a safety response triggered by an automatic alarm of a radiation monitoring device: if the radiation monitoring device automatically alarms, the radiation dose level (Rr) of the radioactive item at a standard unit distance of one meter is converted based on the radiation dose value (Ra) of the radioactive item and the distance (d) between the monitoring device and the radioactive item. Specifically, the radiation dose is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the monitoring device.

[0038] Step 2: Conduct failure mode and effect analysis of the event based on the passenger flow and evacuation distance of the public place.

[0039] The Failure Mode and Effects (FMEA) analysis of an event is primarily determined by the complexity of the location where the event occurred, specifically encompassing two dimensions: the location's passenger flow (Zn) and the evacuation distance (Ed). The location's passenger flow is determined based on historical statistical averages, while the evacuation distance is determined by measuring the distance from the farthest point to the evacuation exit.

[0040] At the same time, the calculation of the failure mode and effect of the event needs to be assigned an evacuation efficiency correction factor δ based on the reliability of the site evacuation facilities, specifically Fm = Zn × Ed × δ.

[0041] Step 3: Determine the hazard level of radioactive materials based on the degree of hazard and failure modes and effects.

[0042] The hazard level of radioactive materials is calculated using the formula Dl = Rr × Fm; where Dl is the hazard level of radioactive materials, Rr is the degree of danger of radioactive materials, and Fm is the failure mode and effect.

[0043] Step 4: Conduct a disaster reduction factor analysis of human factors based on the response force deployment and disposal capabilities in the public place.

[0044] The deployment of response forces affects the possibility of the development of the situation, and the handling capability affects the effectiveness of incident control.

[0045] The disaster reduction factor is calculated using the formula Dr = Pd × Dc. Dr is the disaster reduction factor, Pd is the response force deployment, which is determined by the number of police officers per 10,000 people, and Dc is the response capacity.

[0046] The more response forces deployed (the larger the ratio to passenger flow), the higher the personnel evacuation efficiency, the higher the handling capabilities (command, control, and protection), and the better the incident control effect.

[0047] Step 5: Calculate the risk value of radioactive materials in the public place based on the disaster level and disaster reduction factors.

[0048] The risk value is calculated using the formula R = Dl / Dr. R is the risk value of radioactive materials in a public place, Dl is the hazard level of radioactive materials, and Dr is the mitigation factor.

[0049] Step 6: Issue an early warning based on the risk value.

[0050] Three levels of warning are provided: I, II, and III. Level I is for internal intervention, Level II is for on-site intervention, and Level III is for external intervention. Different warning levels are assigned based on the risk value, and corresponding measures are taken.

[0051] The corresponding relationship between risk value and warning level and the corresponding measures are shown in Table 3 below

[0052] Table 3 Radiation risk management requirements

[0053]

[0054] Example 2 Radioactive Material Police Monitoring and Early Warning Device

[0055] This embodiment provides a radioactive material police monitoring and early warning device based on the early warning method of Example 1, comprising an interactive terminal and host computer. The terminal includes a radiation monitoring module, a calculation module, and an early warning module. The monitoring module monitors the dose of radioactive materials and transmits data to the calculation module and host computer. The calculation module receives data from the radiation monitoring module and performs calculations according to the steps of Example 1 to obtain results, which are then stored and transmitted to the host computer. The early warning module retrieves the results output by the calculation module and issues an early warning. The host computer stores the data and results and displays them in real time.

[0056] Specific implementation cases

[0057] Assume that the early warning method in Example 1 and the early warning device in Example 2 are deployed in a subway station. The average daily passenger flow of the subway station is 10,000 people, the evacuation time from the farthest end to the exit is 100 seconds, the subway station evacuation passage facilities are good, there is one police officer and three auxiliary police officers on duty in the area, the security personnel have received good training in the disposal of radioactive materials, and protective equipment is in place. The corresponding response force Pd is assigned a value of 4.

[0058] Assuming that the terminal of the early warning device detects a dose rate of 100mSv / h of radioactive materials at a distance of 0.1 meters, the standard radiation dose level of the radioactive materials is 1mSv / h, which is the danger level of the radioactive materials.

[0059] Based on the above data and the status and assignments in Table 2, calculate the risk value of the radioactive material exposed to the subway station.

[0060] R=Dl / Dr=(Rr×Zn×Ed×δ) / (Pd×Dc)

[0061] =(1×2×1×1) / (4×1)

[0062] =0.5

[0063] The action that the site should take is internal intervention, and the specific treatment measures are shown in Table 3 above.

[0064] The present invention determines the risk level of radioactive materials appearing in a location from two dimensions: the hazard level of radioactive materials (Radioactive source risk, Rr) and the complexity of the location (Zone traits, Zt). It also further determines the warning level by combining the police deployment (Pd) and the disposal capacity (Dc). The present invention also invents a wearable radioactive material monitoring intelligent police terminal that can monitor the dose of radioactive materials and issue a warning of hazards. Currently, such a system has not been established in places with large passenger flow in China, and the method of the present invention can fill the gap in this field.

[0065] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radioactive material monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that: The steps include: Conduct risk analysis of incidents originating in public places to determine the risk level of radioactive materials; Conduct failure mode and effect analysis of radiological events based on passenger flow and evacuation distances of the public place; Determine the hazard level of radioactive materials based on the stated hazard level and failure modes and effects; Conduct disaster reduction factor analysis based on the deployment of response forces and handling capabilities in public places; Calculate the risk value of radioactive materials in the public place based on the hazard level and hazard reduction factors; Issue an early warning based on the size of the risk value; The hazard level of radioactive materials is calculated by the formula Dl = Rr × Fm; wherein Dl is the hazard level of radioactive materials, Rr is the hazard level of radioactive materials, and Fm is the failure mode and effect; The disaster reduction factor is calculated by the formula Dr = Pd × Dc; where Dr is the disaster reduction factor, Pd is the response force deployment; and Dc is the handling capacity. The risk value is calculated using the formula R=Dl / Dr, where R is the risk value of radioactive materials in the public place, Dl is the hazard level of the radioactive materials, and Dr is the disaster reduction factor.

2. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiating event is a safety response triggered by an automatic alarm of a radiation monitoring device.

3. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The danger level of the radioactive article is the radiation dose level of the radioactive article at a standard unit distance of one meter, which is calculated based on the radiation dose value of the radioactive article and the distance between the monitoring device and the radioactive article.

4. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passenger flow in the public place is determined based on the historical statistical average; the evacuation distance is determined based on the distance from the farthest measurable point to the evacuation exit.

5. The early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the calculation of the failure modes and effects of the events described above, an evacuation efficiency correction factor needs to be assigned based on the reliability of the site evacuation facilities.

6. A police monitoring and early warning device according to the early warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes a terminal and a host, and a monitoring module and a calculation module are set in the terminal. The monitoring module is used to monitor the dose of radioactive materials and transmit data to the calculation module and the host. The calculation module is used to receive the data from the monitoring module and calculate to obtain the results, and store and / or transmit the results to the host.

7. The police monitoring and early warning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The terminal is provided with an early warning module, which is used to obtain the result output by the calculation module and issue an early warning.

Images