Invar alloy 3D printing method and optical microscope mount

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and in particular to a 3D printing method for Invar alloy and an optical microscope mount. The 3D printing method for Invar alloy is suitable for Invar alloy with an iron matrix, a nickel content in the range of 30% to 40%, and a powder particle size in the range of 15μm to 53μm. The 3D printing method for Invar alloy comprises the following steps: step a, dividing the target product to be printed into a main body and a flexible part; step b, setting the printing parameters of the main body and the printing parameters of the flexible part respectively, and then performing 3D printing; step c, heat treating the 3D printed product. The Invar alloy printed by this method has a low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent mechanical properties. The thermal expansion coefficient of the Invar alloy printed using the above parameters is 0.3×10‑6℃‑1~1.0×10‑6℃‑1 (20℃~100℃), the tensile strength is above 400MPa, and the elastic modulus is above 150GPa, which can meet the high-precision requirements of precision instruments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a 3D printing method of Invar alloy and an optical mirror mounting seat. Background Art

[0002] In complex optical systems, especially in dual-frequency laser interferometry systems, there are often requirements for folding or decomposing light beams, so discrete thin-film optical elements such as spectrometers and reflectors are often used. Since there are certain requirements for the position and direction of the folded or decomposed light beams, there are also corresponding requirements for the installation direction and position accuracy of the optical elements in the optical system. At present, when there is a need to turn or decompose a light beam in an optical system, optical elements such as reflectors or plane mirrors are usually fixed directly on the mirror base, and the reflectors or plane mirrors are introduced into the optical system through some interfaces on the mirror base. As optical systems become more and more complex, the requirements for installation accuracy continue to increase. Usually, the optical interface needs to be provided with a flexible structure. This flexible structure often requires that the connection area between the interface and the substrate be thinned by wire cutting or machining after the parts are processed to ensure flexibility.

[0003] Currently, to meet the high-precision requirements of optical microscope installation, it is often necessary to manufacture optical microscope mounts. Invar alloy is a low-expansion alloy with an extremely low coefficient of expansion at room or low temperatures. Due to its excellent plasticity, stable performance, and poor thermal conductivity, this alloy is primarily used in the manufacture of parts requiring high dimensional precision within a wide range of ambient temperatures, as well as components for precision instruments and meters that require constant dimensions or an extremely low coefficient of expansion near room temperature. Because the composition of low-expansion alloys is close to the face-centered / body-centered phase boundary, the alloy's ferromagnetism (magnetic moment) decreases dramatically. Therefore, below the Curie point, as temperature increases, the intrinsic volume contraction caused by the magnetostrictive effect weakens, thereby offsetting normal thermal expansion. In its stable state, it maintains a single austenitic structure with an extremely low coefficient of linear expansion. Its volume and dimensions are highly stable at room temperature, making it a suitable raw material for precision instruments with extremely high dimensional requirements.

[0004] However, Invar alloy has good plasticity and toughness, with fewer second-phase particles precipitating at grain boundaries and less resistance to crystal slip, making it susceptible to plastic deformation. However, during traditional cold working, it imposes high cutting resistance on the tool and is prone to tool sticking. Therefore, the present invention provides a 3D printing method for Invar alloy to address this issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing method for Invar alloy, wherein the Invar alloy printed by the method has a low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent mechanical properties.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical mirror mounting base, which is manufactured by applying the above-mentioned 3D printing method of Invar alloy and can meet the high-precision requirements of optical mirror installation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0008] In a first aspect, a method for 3D printing of an Invar alloy is provided. The method is applicable to an Invar alloy having an iron matrix, a nickel content ranging from 30% to 40%, and a powder particle size ranging from 15 μm to 53 μm. The method comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step a: Divide the target product to be printed into a main body part and a flexible part;

[0010] Step b: setting the printing parameters of the main body and the flexible part respectively, and then performing 3D printing;

[0011] Step c: heat treating the 3D printed product.

[0012] As an optional solution of the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, in step b, the printing parameters of the main part include solid filling body parameters P infill , support structure parameters P support , upper surface structural parameters P upskin and the lower surface structural parameters P downskin .

[0013] As an alternative to the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the solid filler body parameter P infill The laser power range is 200W to 300W, the scanning rate range is 500mm / s to 1100mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm.

[0014] As an alternative to the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the support structure parameter P support The laser power range is 100W to 150W, the scanning rate range is 800mm / s to 1200mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm.

[0015] As an optional solution of the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the upper surface structure parameter P upskin The laser power range is 100W to 175W, the scanning rate range is 400mm / s to 800mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm.

[0016] As an optional solution of the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the lower surface structure parameter P downskin The laser power range is 70W to 150W, the scanning rate range is 1000mm / s to 1500mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm.

[0017] As an optional solution to the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the printing parameters of the flexible part are: laser power less than 150W, scanning rate greater than or equal to 2100mm / s, printing layer thickness range of 30μm-60μm, and scanning spacing range of 120μm-300μm.

[0018] As an optional solution to the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the printing parameters of the flexible part are: laser power 75W, scanning rate 2500mm / s, printing layer thickness 40μm, and scanning spacing 150μm.

[0019] As an optional solution of the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, in step c, the heat treatment includes the following steps: keeping the temperature at 800° C. to 1000° C. and then quenching in water.

[0020] As an alternative to the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the solid filler body parameter P infill The laser power is 250W, the scanning rate is 700mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0021] As an alternative to the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the support structure parameter P support The laser power is 125W, the scanning rate is 1000mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0022] As an optional solution of the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the upper surface structure parameter P upskin The laser power is 125W, the scanning rate is 500mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0023] As an optional solution of the 3D printing method of Invar alloy, the lower surface structure parameter P downskin The laser power is 100W, the scanning rate is 1200mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0024] In a second aspect, an optical mirror mount is provided, which is manufactured using the 3D printing method of Invar alloy as described above.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The 3D printing method for Invar alloy provided by the present invention is suitable for Invar alloys with an iron matrix, a nickel content ranging from 30% to 40%, and a powder particle size ranging from 15μm to 53μm. The 3D printing method for Invar alloy comprises the following steps: step a, dividing the target product to be printed into a main body portion and a flexible portion; step b, setting printing parameters for the main body portion and the flexible portion, respectively, before 3D printing; and step c, heat treating the 3D printed product. The Invar alloy printed using this method has a low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent mechanical properties. The Invar alloy printed using the above parameters has a thermal expansion coefficient of 0.3×10-6°C-1 to 1.0×10-6°C-1 (20°C to 100°C), a tensile strength of over 400MPa, and an elastic modulus of over 150GPa, meeting the high-precision requirements of precision instruments.

[0027] The optical mirror mounting seat provided by the present invention can meet the high-precision requirements of optical mirror installation by applying the above-mentioned 3D printing method of Invar alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in describing the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process of producing a 3D printing method of Invar alloy provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens mount produced by the 3D printing method of Invar alloy provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an optical lens barrel mount manufactured using the 3D printing method of Invar alloy provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Mirror mount body; 2. Mounting part; 3. Transition connection part;

[0034] 10. Lens barrel body; 20. Mounting portion; 30. Transition connection portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0041] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a 3D printing method for Invar alloy. The 3D printing method for Invar alloy is applicable to Invar alloy with an iron matrix, a nickel content ranging from 30% to 40%, and a powder particle size ranging from 15 μm to 53 μm. The 3D printing method for Invar alloy includes the following steps:

[0043] Step a: Divide the target product to be printed into a main body part and a flexible part;

[0044] Step b: setting the printing parameters of the main body and the flexible part respectively, and then performing 3D printing;

[0045] Step c: heat treating the 3D printed product.

[0046] The thermal expansion coefficient of the Invar alloy printed by this method is low and the mechanical properties are excellent. The thermal expansion coefficient of the Invar alloy printed using the above parameters is within 0.3×10 -6 ℃-1~1.0×10 -6 ℃-1 (20℃~100℃), tensile strength is above 400MPa, and elastic modulus is above 150GPa, which can meet the high-precision requirements of precision instruments.

[0047] Optionally, in step b, the printing parameters of the main body include solid filling body parameters P infill , support structure parameters P support , upper surface structural parameters P upskin and the lower surface structural parameters P downskin Wherein, the solid filling body parameter P infillThe laser power range is 200W to 300W, the scanning rate range is 500mm / s to 1100mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm. The support structure parameter P support The laser power range is 100W to 150W, the scanning rate range is 800mm / s to 1200mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm; the upper surface structure parameter P upskin The laser power range is 100W~175W, the scanning rate range is 400mm / s~800mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm~60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm~180μm; the lower surface structure parameter P downskin The laser power range is 70W to 150W, the scanning rate range is 1000mm / s to 1500mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm.

[0048] Preferably, the solid filling body parameter P infill The laser power is 250W, the scanning rate is 700mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0049] Preferably, the supporting structure parameter P support The laser power is 125W, the scanning rate is 1000mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0050] Preferably, the upper surface structural parameter P upskin The laser power is 125W, the scanning rate is 500mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0051] Preferably, the lower surface structural parameter P downskin The laser power is 100W, the scanning rate is 1200mm / s, the printing layer thickness is 40μm, and the scanning spacing is 120μm.

[0052] Optionally, the printing parameters of the flexible part are: laser power less than 150W, scanning rate greater than or equal to 2100 mm / s, printing layer thickness in the range of 30 μm-60 μm, and scanning spacing in the range of 120 μm-300 μm.

[0053] Preferably, the printing parameters of the flexible part are: laser power 75W, scanning rate 2500mm / s, printing layer thickness 40μm, and scanning spacing 150μm.

[0054] Preferably, in step c, the heat treatment includes the following steps: holding at 800°C to 1000°C, followed by water quenching. For example, after heat treatment, the 3D printed product may be held at 315°C, furnace cooled for 1 hour, held at 95°C, and air cooled for 48 hours. Alternatively, a stress relief annealing treatment at 800°C to 1000°C may be performed.

[0055] This embodiment also provides an optical mirror mounting base, which is manufactured using the above-mentioned 3D printing method of Invar alloy and can meet the high-precision requirements of optical mirror installation.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an optical lens base mount manufactured by the above-mentioned 3D printing method of Invar alloy, wherein the optical lens base mount includes a lens base body 1 and a mounting portion 2, and the mounting portion 2 is provided with a through-hole interface for screw connection and fixation. The printing parameters of the through-hole interface area on the lens base body 1 and the mounting portion 2 of the optical lens base mount adopt the printing parameters of the main part, and the printing parameters of the transition connection area 3 between the lens base body 1 and the mounting portion 2 adopt the printing parameters of the flexible part.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an optical lens barrel mount made by the above-mentioned 3D printing method of Invar alloy, wherein the optical lens barrel mount includes a lens barrel body 10 and a mounting portion 20, and the mounting portion 20 is provided with a through-hole interface for screw connection and fixation. The printing parameters of the through-hole interface area on the lens barrel body 10 and the mounting portion 20 of the optical lens barrel mount adopt the printing parameters of the main part, and the transition connection area 30 between the lens barrel body 10 and the mounting portion 20 adopts the printing parameters of the flexible part.

[0058] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A 3D printing method for Invar alloy, characterized in that: The 3D printing method of the Invar alloy is applicable to an Invar alloy having an iron matrix, a nickel content ranging from 30% to 40%, and a powder particle size ranging from 15 μm to 53 μm. The 3D printing method of the Invar alloy comprises the following steps: Step a: Divide the target product to be printed into a main body part and a flexible part; Step b: setting the printing parameters of the main body and the flexible part respectively, and then performing 3D printing; Step c, heat treating the 3D printed product; In step b, the printing parameters of the main body include solid filling body parameters P infill , support structure parameters P support , upper surface structural parameters P upskin and the lower surface structural parameters P downskin ; The solid filling body parameter P infill The laser power range is 200W to 300W, the scanning rate range is 500mm / s to 1100mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm. The supporting structure parameter P support The laser power range is 100W to 150W, the scanning rate range is 800mm / s to 1200mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm. The upper surface structural parameter P upskin The laser power range is 100W to 175W, the scanning rate range is 400mm / s to 800mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm. The lower surface structural parameter P downskin The laser power range is 70W to 150W, the scanning rate range is 1000mm / s to 1500mm / s, the printing layer thickness range is 30μm to 60μm, and the scanning spacing range is 80μm to 180μm. The printing parameters of the flexible part are: laser power less than 150W, scanning rate greater than or equal to 2100mm / s, printing layer thickness in the range of 30μm-60μm, and scanning spacing in the range of 120μm-300μm.

2. The 3D printing method of Invar alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing parameters of the flexible part are: laser power 75W, scanning rate 2500mm / s, printing layer thickness 40μm, and scanning spacing 150μm.

3. The 3D printing method of Invar alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step c, the heat treatment includes the following steps: keeping the temperature at 800° C. to 1000° C. and then quenching with water.

4. An optical mirror mounting seat, characterized in that: The invention is manufactured by the 3D printing method of the Invar alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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