A high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device and method

Abstract

A high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device and method, belonging to the field of supercavitation experimental technology. The present invention solves the problem that the existing supercavitation experimental device cannot simulate the influence of thermal effects on the generation and development of supercavitation in a deep diving environment. The electromagnetic steam generator is connected to the interior of the supercavitation vehicle through a steam pipeline. A temperature sensor is installed inside the supercavitation vehicle. The pressure regulating system and the speed regulating system are respectively connected to the circulating water tunnel. The test section environmental pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating system, the water flow rate of the test section is controlled by the speed regulating system, and the steam temperature and steam ventilation volume introduced into the supercavitation vehicle are controlled by the electromagnetic steam generator; the experimental data are recorded and processed by a computer. Supercavitation is generated by high-temperature steam ventilation, which reveals the significant influence of thermal effects on the generation and development of supercavitation. The deep diving environment is simulated by experimental means, providing basic technical support for improving the hydrodynamic performance of deep-sea vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-temperature steam supercavitation experiment device and method, belonging to the technical field of supercavitation experiments. Background Art

[0002] The 21st century is the century of the ocean. With the continuous improvement of science and technology, various fields such as ocean space expansion, strategic resource development, and marine environmental protection are booming, and mankind is entering a stage of all-round development and utilization of the ocean.

[0003] The development of supercavitating vehicles is of great value to the protection of marine rights and interests, and the hydrodynamic research on supercavitating vehicles has become a cutting-edge hot issue internationally. Supercavitation can be divided into natural supercavitation and artificial ventilated supercavitation according to the cause. The formation of natural supercavitation requires the cavitation number to be reduced to below 0.1, and the cavitation number is determined by the ambient pressure and flow rate. Even if the vehicle speed reaches 200 knots, supercavitation can only be generated in shallow waters close to the sea surface. Ventilated supercavitation technology uses active ventilation to form cavitation that wraps all or most of the surface of the underwater vehicle, greatly reducing the friction resistance of the vehicle, thereby significantly increasing the movement speed of the underwater vehicle.

[0004] However, most of the hydrodynamic research on supercavitating vehicles is based on the theoretical framework of inviscid potential flow to conduct theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of supercavitation generation and stability mechanism, and only considers normal temperature and pressure conditions. In the actual ocean, especially in deep diving environment, it is often necessary to artificially generate and introduce high-temperature and high-pressure gas or steam to form relatively stable and controllable supercavitation. At this time, the cavitation flow has significant thermal effects and compressibility. The influence of ventilation temperature and ambient pressure on the generation and development process of supercavitation, interface instability and self-excited oscillation has not been fully revealed.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to study a high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device and method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing supercavitation experimental device cannot simulate the influence of thermal effect on supercavitation generation and development in a deep diving environment, and further provides a high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device and method.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0008] A high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device comprises a circulating water tunnel, a pressure regulating system, a speed regulating system, an electromagnetic steam generator, a high-speed camera and a computer, wherein a test section with a transparent cavity structure and a contraction section and a diffusion section at both ends of the test section are arranged inside the circulating water tunnel, a supercavitation vehicle is installed inside the test section, and a high-speed camera is arranged outside the test section.

[0009] The electromagnetic steam generator is connected to the interior of the supercavitating vehicle through a steam pipeline. A temperature sensor is installed inside the supercavitating vehicle. The pressure regulating system and the speed regulating system are respectively connected to the circulating water tunnel. The ambient pressure of the test section is controlled by the pressure regulating system, the water flow rate of the test section is controlled by the speed regulating system, and the steam temperature and steam ventilation volume entering the supercavitating vehicle are controlled by the electromagnetic steam generator. The experimental data are recorded and processed by a computer.

[0010] Furthermore, the supercavitating vehicle includes a vehicle body and a fairing installed at the front end of the vehicle body, a ventilation channel is opened inside the vehicle body, a temperature sensor is arranged in the ventilation channel and located at the head of the vehicle body, and a steam pipeline is connected to the ventilation channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the outside of the steam pipeline is coated with a thermal insulation layer.

[0012] Furthermore, a steam control valve is provided on the steam pipeline, and a water tunnel valve is installed on the circulating water tunnel.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure regulating system includes a vacuum pump, an air pump and a vacuum gauge, and the vacuum pump and the air pump are respectively connected to the circulating water tunnel.

[0014] Furthermore, the circulating water tunnel is connected to a main water pump, and the main water pump is connected to the speed control system.

[0015] Furthermore, a water level meter is connected to the circulating water tunnel.

[0016] Furthermore, a transparent cover is connected to the top of the test section.

[0017] Furthermore, the high-speed camera is connected to the computer.

[0018] An experimental method using the above experimental device comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Before the experiment begins, open the water tunnel valve, circulate water into the water tunnel until the water level gauge is in the middle, then close the water tunnel valve to stop the water from entering, adjust the light source equipment, adjust the position of the high-speed camera, adjust the pressure through the pressure regulating system, and adjust the speed through the speed regulating system;

[0020] Step 2: During the experiment, open the steam control valve, turn on the electromagnetic steam generator, adjust the steam temperature and steam output, control the ambient pressure of the test section through the pressure regulating system, control the water flow rate of the test section through the adjustment system, conduct multiple groups of experiments under different temperatures, different steam outputs, different ambient pressures and different water flow rates, and record the experimental phenomena with a high-speed camera;

[0021] Step 3: Stop the high-speed camera, stop data collection of the temperature sensor, turn off the electromagnetic steam generator, pressure regulating system and speed regulating system in sequence, open the water tunnel valve to drain water, remove the supercavitating vehicle, and process the experimental data through a computer.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0023] The temperature and steam ventilation volume of the high-temperature steam introduced into the supercavitating body are controlled by the electromagnetic steam generator, the ambient pressure of the test section is controlled by the pressure regulating system, and the water flow velocity of the test section is controlled by the speed regulating system. In this way, experimental phenomena under various conditions such as different steam temperatures, different steam ventilation volumes, different ambient pressures, and different water flow velocities are measured, providing direct support for the analysis of the generation and development mechanism of supercavitation.

[0024] Compared with conventional supercavitation generating devices, the experimental device of the present invention generates supercavitation through high-temperature steam ventilation, reveals the significant thermal effect on the generation and development of supercavitation, simulates the deep diving environment through experimental means, and provides basic technical support for improving the hydrodynamic performance of deep diving vehicles.

[0025] In the present invention, by installing a temperature sensor inside the supercavitation vehicle, the real experimental temperature can be measured while avoiding the influence on supercavitation generation as much as possible, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-section of a supercavitating vehicle.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Circulating water tunnel; 1-1. Test section; 1-2. Contraction section; 1-3. Diffusion section; 1-4. Degassing section; 1-5. Pressure regulating tower; 2. Pressure regulating system; 3. Speed ​​regulating system; 4. Electromagnetic steam generator; 5. High-speed camera; 6. Computer; 7. Supercavitation vehicle; 7-1. Vehicle body; 7-2. Fairing; 7-3. Ventilation channel; 7-4. Circular cavitation disk; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. Steam control valve; 10. Water tunnel valve; 11. Main water pump; 12. Water level gauge; 13. Transparent cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1-2 This implementation mode is explained to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the descriptions of the present invention regarding directions such as "left", "right", "left side", "right side", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. are all defined based on the relationship between the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the structure described must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] A high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device comprises a circulating water tunnel 1, a pressure regulating system 2, a speed regulating system 3, an electromagnetic steam generator 4, a high-speed camera 5 and a computer 6, wherein a test section 1-1 with a transparent cavity structure and a contraction section 1-2 and a diffusion section 1-3 located at both ends of the test section 1-1 are arranged inside the circulating water tunnel 1, a supercavitation vehicle 7 is installed inside the test section 1-1, and the high-speed camera 5 is arranged outside the test section 1-1.

[0033] The electromagnetic steam generator 4 is connected to the interior of the supercavitating vehicle 7 through a steam pipeline. A temperature sensor 8 is installed inside the supercavitating vehicle 7. The pressure regulating system 2 and the speed regulating system 3 are respectively connected to the circulating water tunnel 1. The environmental pressure of the test section 1-1 is controlled by the pressure regulating system 2, the water flow rate of the test section 1-1 is controlled by the speed regulating system 3, and the steam temperature and steam ventilation volume entering the supercavitating vehicle 7 are controlled by the electromagnetic steam generator 4. The experimental data are recorded and processed by the computer 6.

[0034] The circulating water tunnel 1, the pressure regulating system 2, the speed regulating system 3 and the electromagnetic steam generator 4 work together to control the start and end of the experiment and create and maintain the experimental environment.

[0035] The temperature and steam ventilation volume of the high-temperature steam introduced into the supercavitating vehicle 7 are controlled by the electromagnetic steam generator 4, the ambient pressure of the test section 1-1 is controlled by the pressure regulating system 2, and the water flow velocity of the test section 1-1 is controlled by the speed regulating system 3. In this way, experimental phenomena under various conditions such as different steam temperatures, different steam ventilation volumes, different ambient pressures, and different water flow velocities are measured, providing direct support for the analysis of the supercavitation generation and development mechanism.

[0036] Compared with conventional supercavitation generating devices, the experimental device of the present invention generates supercavitation through high-temperature steam ventilation, reveals the significant thermal effect on the generation and development of supercavitation, simulates the deep diving environment through experimental means, and provides basic technical support for improving the hydrodynamic performance of deep diving vehicles.

[0037] In the present invention, by installing a temperature sensor 8 inside the supercavitating vehicle 7, the actual experimental temperature can be measured while avoiding the influence on supercavitation generation as much as possible, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data.

[0038] The circulating water tunnel 1 includes a water tunnel body, a degassing section 1-4 and a pressure regulating tower 1-5, wherein the test section 1-1, the contraction section 1-2 and the diffusion section 1-3 are all part of the water tunnel body, the pressure regulating tower 1-5 is connected and arranged on the side of the water tunnel body close to the contraction section 1-2, and the degassing section 1-4 is arranged on the side of the water tunnel body close to the diffusion section 1-3. A degassing valve 1-6 is arranged on the degassing section 1-4, and the degassing section 1-4 and the pressure regulating tower 1-5 are both existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] The experimental phenomenon is recorded in real time by the high-speed camera 5 .

[0040] The speed control system 3 includes a motor for controlling the ambient pressure of the test section 1 - 1 .

[0041] The supercavitating vehicle 7 includes a vehicle body 7-1 and a fairing 7-2 installed at the front end of the vehicle body 7-1. A ventilation channel 7-3 is provided inside the vehicle body. A temperature sensor 8 is arranged in the ventilation channel 7-3 and located at the head of the vehicle body 7-1. The steam pipeline is connected to the ventilation channel 7-3. With such a design, a circular cavitation disk 7-4 is fixedly installed at the head of the fairing 7-2. By arranging the temperature sensor 8 in the ventilation channel 7-3 and located at the head of the vehicle body 7-1, the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data are further guaranteed.

[0042] The outside of the steam pipeline is coated with an insulation layer. In this design, the insulation layer can be a material with insulation function such as glass wool. The steam pipeline is fully coated or wrapped with an insulation layer to reduce the heat energy loss of high-pressure steam during transmission, ensuring that the output temperature of the electromagnetic steam generator 4 is equal to the steam temperature when supercavitation is generated to the greatest extent.

[0043] A steam control valve 9 is provided on the steam pipeline, and a water hole valve 10 is installed on the circulating water hole 1. Such a design is used to control the on-off of the steam pipeline. The water hole valve 10 is provided to control the inlet and outlet of the circulating water hole 1.

[0044] The pressure regulating system 2 includes a vacuum pump, an air pump and a vacuum gauge, and the vacuum pump and the air pump are respectively connected to the circulating water tunnel 1. In this design, the vacuum pump and the circulating water tunnel 1 are connected by a hose, and the vacuum gauge is provided to facilitate real-time control of the pressure value in the circulating water tunnel 1.

[0045] The circulating water tunnel 1 is connected with a main water pump 11, and the main water pump 11 is connected with the speed control system 3. In this design, by setting the main water pump 11, it is convenient to control the flow rate of the water flow in the circulating water tunnel 1, and the speed control system 3 cooperates with the main water pump 11 to facilitate flow rate adjustment.

[0046] The circulating water tunnel 1 is connected with a water level meter 12. With such a design, by setting the water level meter 12, the water level inside the circulating water tunnel 1 can be better controlled to further ensure the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0047] The top of the test section 1-1 is connected with a transparent cover plate 13. Such a design facilitates the installation and removal of the supercavitating vehicle 7 before and after the experiment.

[0048] The high-speed camera 5 is connected to the computer 6. Such a design facilitates the focusing of the high-speed camera 5 before the experiment and the acquisition of experimental data during the experiment.

[0049] An experimental method using the above experimental device comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step 1. Before the experiment begins, open the water tunnel valve 10, let water flow into the circulating water tunnel 1 until the liquid level of the water level gauge 12 is centered, then close the water tunnel valve 10 to stop the water flow, adjust the light source equipment, adjust the position of the high-speed camera 5, adjust the pressure through the pressure regulating system 2, and adjust the speed through the speed regulating system 3; During the experimental preparation stage, start the computer 6, install the temperature sensor 8 inside the supercavitation vehicle 7, and install the supercavitation vehicle in the test section 1-1, install the cover plate, and ensure the sealing of the test section 1-1. Before the experiment begins, when a degassing section 1-4 is provided on the circulating water tunnel 1, open the degassing section 1-4 valve before opening the water tunnel valve 10. The light source equipment is a commonly used prior art in supercavitation experimental devices, and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Step 2: During the experiment, the steam control valve 9 is opened, the electromagnetic steam generator 4 is turned on, the steam temperature and steam output are adjusted, the ambient pressure of the test section 1-1 is controlled by the pressure regulating system 2, the water flow rate of the test section 1-1 is controlled by the adjustment system, and multiple groups of experiments are carried out under different temperatures, different steam outputs, different ambient pressures and different water flow rates, and the experimental phenomena are recorded by the high-speed camera 5;

[0052] Step 3: Stop the high-speed camera 5, stop the data collection of the temperature sensor 8, turn off the electromagnetic steam generator 4, the pressure regulating system 2 and the speed regulating system 3 in sequence, open the water tunnel valve 10 to drain the water, remove the supercavitating vehicle 7, and process the experimental data through the computer 6. After the experimental data processing is completed, turn off the computer 6 and the experiment ends.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a circulating water tunnel (1), a pressure regulating system (2), a speed regulating system (3), an electromagnetic steam generator (4), a high-speed camera (5) and a computer (6), wherein a test section (1-1) having a transparent cavity structure and a contraction section (1-2) and a diffusion section (1-3) located at both ends of the test section (1-1) are arranged inside the circulating water tunnel (1), a supercavitation vehicle (7) is installed inside the test section (1-1), and the high-speed camera (5) is arranged outside the test section (1-1). The electromagnetic steam generator (4) is connected to the interior of the supercavitating vehicle (7) through a steam pipeline. A temperature sensor (8) is installed inside the supercavitating vehicle (7). The pressure regulating system (2) and the speed regulating system (3) are respectively connected to the circulating water tunnel (1). The environmental pressure of the test section (1-1) is controlled by the pressure regulating system (2), the water flow rate of the test section (1-1) is controlled by the speed regulating system (3), and the temperature and steam ventilation volume of the steam entering the supercavitating vehicle (7) are controlled by the electromagnetic steam generator (4); and the experimental data are recorded and processed by a computer (6).

2. A high temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercavitating vehicle (7) comprises a vehicle body (7-1) and a fairing (7-2) installed at the front end of the vehicle body (7-1); a ventilation channel (7-3) is provided inside the vehicle body; a temperature sensor (8) is arranged in the ventilation channel (7-3) and located at the head of the vehicle body (7-1); and a steam pipeline is connected to the ventilation channel (7-3).

3. A high temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outside of the steam pipeline is covered with an insulation layer.

4. A high temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A steam control valve (9) is arranged on the steam pipeline, and a water tunnel valve (10) is installed on the circulating water tunnel (1).

5. A high temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure regulating system (2) comprises a vacuum pump, an air pump and a vacuum gauge, and the vacuum pump and the air pump are respectively connected to the circulating water tunnel (1).

6. A high temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating water tunnel (1) is connected to a main water pump (11), and the main water pump (11) is connected to a speed regulating system (3).

7. A high temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water level meter (12) is connected to the circulating water tunnel (1).

8. A high-temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transparent cover plate (13) is connected to the top of the test section (1-1).

9. A high temperature steam supercavitation experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-speed camera (5) is connected to a computer (6).

10. An experimental method using the experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Before the experiment begins, open the water tunnel valve (10), let water flow into the circulating water tunnel (1) until the liquid level of the water level gauge (12) is centered, then close the water tunnel valve (10) to stop the water flow, adjust the light source equipment, adjust the position of the high-speed camera (5), adjust the pressure through the pressure regulating system (2), and adjust the speed through the speed regulating system (3); Step 2: During the experiment, the steam control valve (9) is opened, the electromagnetic steam generator (4) is turned on, the steam temperature and steam output are adjusted, the ambient pressure of the test section (1-1) is controlled by the pressure regulating system (2), the water flow rate of the test section (1-1) is controlled by the adjustment system, and multiple groups of experiments are carried out under different temperatures, different steam outputs, different ambient pressures and different water flow rates, and the experimental phenomena are recorded by a high-speed camera (5); Step 3: Stop the high-speed camera (5), stop the data collection of the temperature sensor (8), turn off the electromagnetic steam generator (4), the pressure regulating system (2) and the speed regulating system (3) in sequence, open the water tunnel valve (10) to drain the water, remove the supercavitating vehicle (7), and process the experimental data through the computer (6).

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