A method of monitoring ice-class ship box keels

Abstract

This invention discloses a monitoring method for a box-shaped keel on an ice-covered vessel, comprising the following steps: marking three spaced monitoring positions on the box-shaped keel, one of which is located at the heavy-load waterline at the bow; installing at least one monitoring component at each of the three monitoring positions; using a vibration sensor on the monitoring component to detect the vibration amplitude of the box-shaped keel and transmitting the detected vibration amplitude to a processor; and using a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the box-shaped keel and transmitting the detected temperature to the processor; when the vibration amplitude detected by any vibration sensor exceeds a set amplitude, or when the temperature detected by any temperature sensor continuously rises to a set temperature within a set time period; reducing the vessel's speed from the current speed to a safe speed; and / or changing the vessel's course from the current course to a safe course. This method protects the scientific research equipment inside the box-shaped keel by monitoring its vibration amplitude and temperature changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine technology, and in particular to a method for monitoring box-type keels on ships used in ice-covered areas. Background Technology

[0002] Research icebreakers are typically used for research and exploration in ice-covered areas (such as the Arctic and Antarctic). Currently, a research icebreaker consists of a hull and various scientific research instruments. A box-shaped keel is located at the bottom of the hull, and the scientific research instruments are housed within the chambers of this keel. When navigating in ice-covered areas, the box-shaped keel is in direct contact with the seawater. Collisions with hard objects in the seawater (such as ice blocks or reefs) cause significant vibrations to the box-shaped keel, which can damage some of the internal scientific research equipment. Furthermore, the collisions and friction between the box-shaped keel and hard objects can cause a rapid increase in temperature in localized areas of the keel; the resulting high internal temperatures can also damage the scientific research instruments inside the keel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring method for box-type keels of ice-covered ships, which protects the scientific research equipment inside the box-type keel by monitoring the vibration amplitude and temperature changes of the box-type keel.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A monitoring method for a box-type keel of a ship used in ice-coasted areas is provided. The method includes a processor, an alarm, and several monitoring components. The alarm is communicatively connected to the processor. Each monitoring component includes a vibration sensor and a temperature sensor, and the vibration sensor and temperature sensor in each monitoring component are communicatively connected to the processor. This monitoring method for a box-type keel of a ship used in ice-coasted areas includes the following steps:

[0006] Step S10: Mark three monitoring positions at intervals on the box keel, from the bow to the stern of the hull. The three monitoring positions are, in order, the first monitoring position, the second monitoring position, and the third monitoring position. The first monitoring position is located at the heavy load waterline at the bow of the hull.

[0007] Step S20: Install at least one of the monitoring components at the first monitoring position, the second monitoring position, and the third monitoring position; use the vibration sensor of the monitoring component to detect the vibration amplitude of the box-type keel and transmit the detected vibration amplitude to the processor; and use the temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the box-type keel and transmit the detected temperature to the processor.

[0008] Step S30: When the vibration amplitude detected by any of the vibration sensors is greater than the set amplitude, or when the temperature detected by any of the temperature sensors continues to rise to the set temperature within a set time period, the processor controls the alarm to issue an alarm signal.

[0009] Step S40: Reduce the ship's speed from its current speed to a safe speed; and / or change the ship's course from its current course to a safe course.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the ice-covered ship box keel, when the ship reduces its speed from the current speed to a safe speed, the ship shall reduce its speed at least once, and the ship shall reduce its speed by 2 knots each time.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the ice-covered ship box keel, when the ship changes from the current course to a safe course, the ship shall make at least one rudder movement, and the angle of each rudder movement shall be 5°-10°.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the ice-covered ship box keel, the distance between the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is 1 / 4 of the total length of the box keel.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the box-type keel of the ice-covered ship, the distance between the second monitoring position and the third monitoring position is 3 / 4 of the total length of the box-type keel.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the monitoring method for the box-shaped keel of the ice-covered ship, a plurality of monitoring components are provided at the second monitoring position. All the monitoring components at the second monitoring position are evenly and spaced apart along the width direction of the hull, and one of the monitoring components at the second monitoring position is located at the center of the box-shaped keel in the width direction of the hull.

[0015] And / or, a plurality of monitoring components are provided at the third monitoring position, all of the monitoring components at the third monitoring position are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the hull, and one of the monitoring components at the third monitoring position is located at the center of the box keel in the width direction of the hull.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the ice-covered ship box keel, the set amplitude is 3mm-6mm.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the ice-covered ship box keel, the set duration is 5-15 minutes and the set temperature is 45°C.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the box-type keel of the ice-covered ship, the monitoring component is fixed on the inner wall of the box-type keel, and a protective cover is provided on the outside of the monitoring component, the protective cover covering the vibration sensor and the temperature sensor.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution for the monitoring method of the ice-covered ship box-type keel, the alarm signal emitted by the alarm device is an audible and visual alarm signal.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The processor pre-stores a set amplitude and a set temperature. The processor compares the vibration amplitude detected by each vibration sensor with the set amplitude, and the processor compares the temperature detected by each temperature sensor with the set temperature. When the vibration amplitude detected by any vibration sensor is greater than the set amplitude, or when the temperature detected by any temperature sensor is greater than the set temperature, the processor controls the alarm to issue an alarm signal. After issuing the alarm signal, the processor controls the hull to reduce its current speed to a safe speed, or controls the hull's course to change from its current course to a safe course, so that the vibration and temperature of the box keel return to normal. When the hull is sailing, the probability of collision with hard objects (ice blocks or reefs, etc.) in the seawater is highest at the location of the heavy load waterline at the bow of the hull. In this monitoring method, placing the first monitoring position at the heavy load waterline at the bow of the hull allows for effective monitoring of the area near the heavy load waterline of the box keel. Furthermore, during the ship's voyage, the movement of seawater may cause hard objects around the hull to float to the part of the box keel located outside the bow of the hull. Changes in the ship's course may also cause the part of the box keel located outside the bow of the hull to be impacted by hard objects on the sea surface. Therefore, a first monitoring position, a second monitoring position, and a third monitoring position are set up sequentially from the bow to the stern of the hull at intervals. Monitoring components are installed at both the second and second monitoring positions, along with monitoring the part of the box keel outside the bow of the hull. This increases the monitoring area of ​​the box keel, improves the monitoring effect of the box keel, and thus effectively protects the scientific research equipment inside the box keel. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a distribution diagram of the various monitoring components on the box-type keel in the embodiment.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1. Box-type keel; 2. Monitoring components; 21. Vibration sensor; 22. Temperature sensor; 3. First monitoring position; 4. Second monitoring position; 5. Third monitoring position. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a monitoring method for a box-type keel of an ice-covered vessel (hereinafter referred to as the monitoring method), which includes a processor (not shown in the figure), an alarm (not shown in the figure), and several monitoring components 2. The alarm is communicatively connected to the processor. Each monitoring component 2 includes a vibration sensor 21 and a temperature sensor 22, and the vibration sensor 21 and temperature sensor 22 in each monitoring component 2 are communicatively connected to the processor. This monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S10: Mark three monitoring positions at intervals on the box keel 1, from the bow of the hull toward the stern. The three monitoring positions are, in order, the first monitoring position 3, the second monitoring position 4, and the third monitoring position 5. The first monitoring position 3 is located at the heavy load waterline at the bow of the hull.

[0030] Step S20: Install at least one monitoring component 2 at each of the first monitoring position 3, the second monitoring position 4 and the third monitoring position 5. Use the vibration sensor 21 of the monitoring component 2 to detect the vibration amplitude of the box-type keel 1 and transmit the detected vibration amplitude to the processor. Use the temperature sensor 22 to detect the temperature of the box-type keel 1 and transmit the detected temperature to the processor.

[0031] Step S30: When the vibration amplitude detected by any vibration sensor 21 is greater than the set amplitude, or when the temperature detected by any temperature sensor 22 continues to rise to the set temperature within a set time period, the processor controls the alarm to issue an alarm signal.

[0032] Step S40: Reduce the ship's speed from its current speed to a safe speed; or change the ship's course from its current course to a safe course.

[0033] Understandably, the box keel 1 houses various scientific research equipment. When the research icebreaker navigates in ice-covered areas, the box keel 1 directly contacts the seawater. The box keel 1 will collide with hard objects in the seawater (such as ice blocks or reefs), causing the box keel 1 to vibrate significantly. This significant vibration can damage some of the scientific research equipment inside. In addition, the collision and friction between the box keel 1 and hard objects can cause a sharp rise in the temperature of local areas of the box keel 1 (which in turn will cause a local temperature rise inside the box keel 1's cavity). If the internal temperature of the box keel 1 exceeds the set temperature, it will also damage the scientific research equipment inside the box keel 1, thus preventing the research vessel from carrying out scientific research operations normally in ice-covered areas.

[0034] The processor has pre-stored set amplitude and set temperature. It compares the vibration amplitude detected by each vibration sensor 21 with the set amplitude, and the temperature detected by each temperature sensor 22 with the set temperature. When the vibration amplitude detected by any vibration sensor 21 exceeds the set amplitude, or when the temperature detected by any temperature sensor 22 exceeds the set temperature, the processor controls the alarm to issue an alarm signal. After issuing the alarm signal, the processor controls the hull to reduce its current speed to a safe speed, or changes its course from the current course to a safe course, so that the vibration and temperature of the box keel 1 return to normal. When the hull is sailing, the probability of collision with hard objects (ice blocks or reefs, etc.) in the seawater is highest at the location of the heavy-load waterline at the bow. In this monitoring method, the first monitoring position 3 is located at the heavy-load waterline at the bow, allowing for effective monitoring of the area near the heavy-load waterline of the box keel 1. Furthermore, during the ship's navigation, the movement of seawater may cause hard objects around the hull to float to the part of the box keel 1 located outside the bow of the hull, and changes in the ship's course may also cause the part of the box keel 1 located outside the bow of the hull to be hit by hard objects on the sea surface. From the bow to the stern of the hull, a first monitoring position 3, a second monitoring position 4, and a third monitoring position 5 are set at intervals. Monitoring components 2 are set at the second monitoring position 4 and the second monitoring position 5, together with the monitoring of the part of the box keel 1 outside the bow of the hull, increasing the monitoring area of ​​the box keel 1, improving the monitoring effect of the box keel 1, and thus effectively protecting the scientific research equipment inside the box keel 1.

[0035] In another embodiment, step S40 may also involve simultaneously reducing the ship's speed from its current speed to a safe speed and changing the ship's course from its current course to a safe course.

[0036] When the vibration amplitude detected by all vibration sensors 21 is less than or equal to the set amplitude, and the temperature detected by all temperature sensors 22 is less than or equal to the set temperature, the processor stops the alarm and sends an alarm signal to clear the alarm.

[0037] The safe speed refers to the speed of the ship when, in the current course, the box keel 1 collides with a hard object on the sea surface, and the vibration amplitude detected by any vibration sensor 21 is less than or equal to the set amplitude, and the temperature detected by any temperature sensor 22 remains less than the set temperature for a set period of time.

[0038] Safe course refers to the course of the ship when, at the current speed, the box keel 1 collides with a hard object on the sea surface, and the vibration amplitude detected by any vibration sensor 21 is less than or equal to the set amplitude, and the temperature detected by any temperature sensor 22 continuously rises below the set temperature within the set time.

[0039] In one example, when the ship's speed decreases from its current speed to a safe speed, the ship will reduce its speed at least once, with each reduction being 2 knots. For instance, if the ship's current speed is 6 knots, and the alarm signal is issued, the ship's speed will decrease from 6 knots to 4 knots. If the alarm has not been cleared within a first predetermined time period after the speed reduction, the ship's speed will be reduced from 4 knots to 2 knots. Specifically, the first predetermined time period can be 2 seconds, 3 seconds, or 4 seconds, etc., and can be selected according to the actual situation. There is no specific limitation on the first predetermined time period. Adjusting the ship's speed by gradually reducing its speed helps to stabilize the ship's speed and reduce turbulence during navigation. Furthermore, it helps to adjust the ship's speed to a safe speed.

[0040] In another example, when the vessel changes course from its current course to a safe course, it must steer at least once, with each steer angle being 5°-10°. For instance, when the alarm sounds, the vessel steers 5° to the left. If the alarm is not cleared within a second predetermined time period after the course change, the vessel continues to steer 5° to the left. In practice, the steer angle is not limited to left; it can also steer to the right. It is understandable that due to the vessel's high speed, large steer angles would severely affect its stability, while smaller angles would prevent the vessel from quickly avoiding collisions with hard objects, resulting in longer alarm clearance times and ineffective protection of the research equipment inside the box-shaped keel. Setting the steer angle to 5°-10° allows for both smooth course changes and rapid obstacle avoidance.

[0041] Specifically, the second specified time period can be 1s, 2s, 3s, or 4s, etc., and can be selected according to the actual situation. There are no specific restrictions on the second specified time period. The angle of each rudder movement can be any angle between 5° and 10°, such as 5°, 6°, 7°, 8°, 9°, or 10°.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of this monitoring method, the distance between the first monitoring position 3 and the second monitoring position 4 is 1 / 4 of the total length of the box keel 1. It can be understood that when the hull moves forward, the box keel 1 is more likely to collide with hard objects on the sea surface the closer it is to the bow of the hull. Setting the distance between the first monitoring position 3 and the second monitoring position 4 to 1 / 4 of the total length of the box keel 1 can effectively monitor the box keel 1 while saving the number of monitoring components 2.

[0043] In this example, multiple monitoring components 2 are provided at the second monitoring position 4. All monitoring components 2 at the second monitoring position 4 are evenly and spaced along the width direction of the hull. One monitoring component 2 at the second monitoring position 4 is located at the center of the box keel 1 in the width direction of the hull. This design allows the second monitoring position 4 to have at least three monitoring components 2, increasing the area where the monitoring components 2 are distributed at the second monitoring position 4, thereby increasing the monitoring area at the second monitoring position 4.

[0044] The distance between the second monitoring position 4 and the third monitoring position 5 is 3 / 4 of the total length of the box keel 1. Along the length of the hull, the farther the box keel 1 is from the bow of the hull, the lower the probability of the box keel 1 colliding with hard objects on the sea surface. Therefore, setting the distance between two adjacent monitoring positions far from the bow of the hull to be greater than the distance between two adjacent monitoring positions close to the bow of the hull can ensure the monitoring effect of the box keel 1 while minimizing the number of monitoring components 2 and reducing the time required for marking the monitoring positions.

[0045] In this example, multiple monitoring components 2 are provided at the third monitoring position 5. All monitoring components 2 at the third monitoring position 5 are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the hull, and one monitoring component 2 at the third monitoring position 5 is located at the center of the box keel 1 in the width direction of the hull, so that the third monitoring position 5 has at least three monitoring components 2. This can increase the distribution area of ​​the monitoring components 2 at the third position and further improve the monitoring effect.

[0046] Optionally, the amplitude can be set to 3mm-6mm. It is understood that during navigation, the hull will experience slight vibrations due to the impact of seawater. During normal navigation, the vibration amplitude of the box keel 1 will be less than or equal to the set amplitude. In this example, the amplitude is set to 5mm. In other examples, the amplitude can be set to 3mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, etc., depending on the actual situation.

[0047] Specifically, the set duration is 5-15 minutes. The set duration can be 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or 15 minutes, etc., and there is no specific limit to the set duration.

[0048] Understandably, the normal operating temperature of scientific research equipment is typically 30℃, meaning the internal temperature of the box-type keel 1 must not exceed 30℃. When the box-type keel 1 collides with a hard object on the sea surface, its temperature is usually higher than the internal temperature of its chamber; in this example, the set temperature is 45℃.

[0049] In this embodiment, the monitoring component 2 is fixed on the inner wall of the box-shaped keel 1, and a protective cover is set on the outside of the monitoring component 2. The protective cover covers the vibration sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 22. The protective cover is mainly to protect the vibration sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 22, and to avoid collision with the vibration sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 22 during the maintenance of the scientific research equipment inside the box-shaped keel 1, so as to avoid damage.

[0050] In this example, the detection probe of vibration sensor 21 and the detection probe of temperature sensor 22 are fixed on box-type keel 1.

[0051] Because the driving components (such as motors) on the ship will generate a lot of noise when the ship is sailing, the alarm signal emitted by the alarm is set to be an audible and visual alarm signal in order to detect the alarm signal in time.

[0052] In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and have no special meaning.

[0053] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0054] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0055] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the invention without inventive effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the box-type keel of ice-covered ships, characterized in that... The system provides a processor, an alarm, and several monitoring components. The alarm is communicatively connected to the processor. Each monitoring component includes a vibration sensor and a temperature sensor, and the vibration sensor and temperature sensor in each monitoring component are communicatively connected to the processor. The monitoring method for this ice-covered ship box-type keel includes the following steps: Step S10: Mark three monitoring positions at intervals on the box keel, from the bow to the stern of the hull. The three monitoring positions are, in order, the first monitoring position, the second monitoring position, and the third monitoring position. The first monitoring position is located at the heavy load waterline at the bow of the hull. Step S20: Install at least one of the monitoring components at the first monitoring position, the second monitoring position, and the third monitoring position; use the vibration sensor of the monitoring component to detect the vibration amplitude of the box-type keel and transmit the detected vibration amplitude to the processor; and use the temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the box-type keel and transmit the detected temperature to the processor. Step S30: When the vibration amplitude detected by any of the vibration sensors is greater than the set amplitude, or when the temperature detected by any of the temperature sensors continues to rise to the set temperature within a set time period, the processor controls the alarm to issue an alarm signal. Step S40: Reduce the ship's speed from its current speed to a safe speed; and / or change the ship's course from its current course to a safe course.

2. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the ship reduces its speed from its current speed to a safe speed, the ship shall reduce its speed at least once, and the ship shall reduce its speed by 2 knots each time.

3. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the hull changes from its current course to a safe course, the hull shall perform at least one rudder movement, and the angle of each rudder movement shall be 5°-10°.

4. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first monitoring position and the second monitoring position is 1 / 4 of the total length of the box-shaped keel.

5. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the second monitoring position and the third monitoring position is 3 / 4 of the total length of the box-shaped keel.

6. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple monitoring components are provided at the second monitoring position. All the monitoring components at the second monitoring position are evenly and spaced apart along the width direction of the hull, and one of the monitoring components at the second monitoring position is located at the center of the box keel in the width direction of the hull. And / or, a plurality of monitoring components are provided at the third monitoring position, all of the monitoring components at the third monitoring position are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the hull, and one of the monitoring components at the third monitoring position is located at the center of the box keel in the width direction of the hull.

7. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The set amplitude is 3mm-6mm.

8. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The set duration is 5-15 minutes, and the set temperature is 45°C.

9. The monitoring method for ice-cage ship keel according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The monitoring component is fixed to the inner wall of the box-shaped keel, and a protective cover is provided on the outside of the monitoring component, which covers the vibration sensor and the temperature sensor.

10. A method for monitoring a box-type keel for ice-coasted ships according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The alarm signal emitted by the alarm device is an audible and visual alarm signal.

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