Method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry manure by using hermetia illucens and earthworms

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry manure by using hermetia illucens and earthworms, which comprises the following steps: mixing the livestock and poultry manure with auxiliary materials and organic wastes, stacking, adding a microbial agent, and quickly reaching a semi-rotten state by using a groove type aerobic fermentation process; then black soldier fly larvae and earthworm larvae are inoculated to further thoroughly decompose the livestock and poultry manure, and meanwhile black soldier fly and earthworm breeding is achieved. According to the method, rapid decomposition can be achieved 28 days in winter and 18 days in summer, ecological treatment of the livestock and poultry manure can be achieved, ecological breeding of hermetia illucens and earthworms can be achieved, and the utilization value of the livestock and poultry manure is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for treating livestock and poultry excrement, in particular to a method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry excrement by utilizing black soldier flies and earthworms, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural breeding. Background Art

[0002] Livestock and poultry manure includes livestock and poultry manure, urine, wastewater and waste generated during the breeding process. These manures contain a large amount of organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and other substances and a variety of metal elements. They are not only valuable resources for improving soil fertility, but also raw materials for industrial material development and synthesis. However, because these manures contain a large amount of microbial pathogens, organic matter and elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus that are not digested and absorbed by the body, if they are discharged directly without treatment, they will not only pollute the environment and waste resources, but also increase the mortality rate of livestock and poultry, and even pose a threat to people's health and life. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry manure by using black soldier flies and earthworms, which can not only realize the ecological treatment of livestock and poultry manure, but also realize the ecological breeding of black soldier flies and earthworms.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry manure using black soldier flies and earthworms, comprising: mixing livestock and poultry manure with auxiliary materials and organic waste, composting the manure and adding microbial agents, using a trough-type aerobic fermentation process to quickly reach a semi-mature state, and then inoculating black soldier fly larvae and earthworm larvae to further mature the livestock and poultry manure while achieving black soldier fly and earthworm breeding.

[0006] As a preferred method, livestock and poultry manure, auxiliary materials and livestock and poultry urine are mixed to obtain a mixture with a humidity of 45% to 70%; the mixture is mixed with organic waste wheat bran in a ratio of 4:1 or with organic waste straw in a ratio of 5:1 and then piled, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pile is adjusted to 20, the moisture content is adjusted to 75%, and the temperature is adjusted to 28°C to 30°C, microbial agents are added for fermentation treatment, and black soldier fly larvae are inoculated after semi-compostion.

[0007] As a preferred method, livestock and poultry manure is mixed with crushed fungus residue or straw to form a base material, microbial agents are added to the pile for fermentation, and earthworm larvae are inoculated after half-compostion; the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pile is controlled to 25:1, the pH value is adjusted to 7.4-7.6, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and 0.4 kg / m 2 Earthworm seedlings.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the microbial agent added to the cow dung of the livestock and poultry manure is mixed agent No. 229, which is obtained by mixing Bacillus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma harzianum in a ratio of 1:1:1:1; 0.013% of mixed agent No. 229 is added per ton of cow dung to ferment the cow dung.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the microbial agent added to the pig manure of the livestock and poultry manure is mixed agent No. 459, which is obtained by mixing Bacillus, Streptomyces tenuifolius, and Aspergillus niger in a weight ratio of 2:2:1.5, wherein the Bacillus is mixed with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a weight ratio of 1:1.5; 0.1% of mixed agent No. 459 is added per ton of pig manure.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the microbial agent added to the chicken manure of the livestock and poultry manure is mixed agent No. 317, which is obtained by mixing photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, and Bacillus in a ratio of 1:1:1, and the Bacillus is a mixture of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus wax poplar in a ratio of 1:2:1; according to weight percentage, 0.1% of the mixed agent No. 317 is added per ton of chicken manure.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the microbial agent added to the duck manure of the livestock and poultry manure is mixed agent No. 423, which is obtained by mixing Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus oryzae in a ratio of 1:1:1; 0.3% of mixed agent No. 423 is added per ton of duck manure.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a combination of "microbial agent technology + tank aerobic fermentation technology + bioconversion technology", and the technical innovations are as follows:

[0013] 1. High efficiency of decomposition. The invention can achieve rapid decomposition in 28 days in winter and 18 days in summer, and significantly improve the degree of decomposition, killing harmful bacteria by 98.93%, and the humus content ≥58%.

[0014] 2. Green fertilizer production. The microbial agent used in the present invention can complex 49.8% to 92.7% of heavy metals and reduce carbon emissions. The product is rich in beneficial microorganisms, rich in organic matter, mild in fertilizer effect, and does not burn roots. Compared with traditional composting, biological conversion can convert 41% of manure carbon into its own biomass, among which black soldier flies can reduce CH4 emissions by 72.6% to 99.9% and N2O emissions by 99.6% to 99.9%.

[0015] 3. Turning manure into gold. The invention introduces biological transformation, which greatly enriches the product categories. Each square meter produces 3.65 kg of earthworms and 210.63 kg of black soldier flies per period (28 days / 18 days). A batch of commercial insects mature and are put on the market every month. At the same time, 0.65 tons of biological organic fertilizer is produced per cubic meter, which greatly improves the utilization value of livestock and poultry manure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The black soldier fly treatment process flow chart of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the earthworm treatment process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] The present invention is to mix livestock and poultry manure with auxiliary materials and organic waste, pile up and add microbial agents, use tank-type aerobic fermentation technology to quickly reach a semi-mature state, and then inoculate black soldier fly larvae and earthworm larvae to further decompose the livestock and poultry manure and realize the breeding of black soldier flies and earthworms at the same time. The mature earthworms and black soldier flies enter the commodity separation workshop as commodities, and are sold alive after classification.

[0020] Quality control: The activity of earthworms and black soldier flies is regularly observed, and the nutritional components and amino acid content in the body are tested, which complies with the local standards DB36 / T 1424-2021 and DB50 / T 1527-2023.

[0021] Black soldier fly treatment technology

[0022] By using black soldier flies to treat livestock and poultry manure, the dry matter of chicken manure (49.6±9.8%), pig manure (42.45±9.6%) and cow manure (44.2±8.4%) can be reduced; greenhouse gas emissions can be effectively reduced by 90%; 49.8% to 92.7% of heavy metals can be complexed, etc., and the environmental benefits can be significantly improved.

[0023] Mix livestock and poultry manure, auxiliary materials and livestock and poultry urine to obtain a mixture with a humidity of 45% to 70%; livestock and poultry manure and wheat bran are mixed in a ratio of 4:1, and livestock and poultry manure and straw are mixed in a ratio of 5:1. The carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 20, the moisture content is adjusted to 75%, and the temperature is adjusted to 28℃ to 30℃ to achieve the best black soldier fly treatment effect. The mixing ratio can be fine-tuned according to the moisture content of livestock and poultry manure and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pile. Finally, 1,600 black soldier fly larvae are inoculated per kilogram. The black soldier fly larvae will feed on their own. During this process, it takes 7 days for black soldier flies to treat manure. During this process, the health status and growth of black soldier flies need to be monitored every day to ensure the treatment efficiency.

[0024] Earthworm treatment technology

[0025] The livestock and poultry manure, organic waste, and microbial agents are selected and matched, and the tank-type aerobic fermentation process is adopted to quickly reach a semi-mature state. Before the livestock and poultry manure is fermented, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted by adding organic waste, and earthworms are introduced for further decomposition treatment, while earthworm breeding is realized. The combination of microbial agents and semi-mature state can significantly reduce the impact of harmful bacteria, heavy metals and other factors on earthworm composting, ensuring that both decomposition and earthworm composting environments are optimal.

[0026] The best composting ratio for earthworms is "40% cow dung + 60% fungus residue", "40% straw + 60% pig dung", "20% pig dung + 80% fungus residue" and "60% humidity black soldier fly dung". The base material is made by crushing and mixing, and then the carbon-nitrogen ratio is precisely controlled to 25:1; the pH value is adjusted to 7.4-7.6, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and 0.4Kg / m is inoculated. 2 Earthworm seedlings, ensuring the best efficiency of earthworm composting. The research of the present invention shows that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of earthworm seedlings is between 16 and 25. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the matrix of "20% pig manure + 80% oyster mushroom residue" is 22.7, which is more effective for earthworm seedling composting, with a conversion efficiency of 65.15% to 69.41%; the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the matrix of "40% cow manure + 60% oyster mushroom residue" is 28.6, and the composting effect of earthworm seedlings is second, with a conversion efficiency of 47.42% to 53.74%, which is more suitable for adult earthworms.

[0027] Table 1 Mixed strains of bacteria in different livestock and poultry manure treatments

[0028]

[0029] Table 2 Early and middle stages of bacterial species (mainly mesophilic microorganisms)

[0030] Bacteria effect Photosynthetic bacteria <![CDATA[Convert organic matter into inorganic matter while releasing O 2 , promoting the growth of other aerobic bacteria]]> Saccharomyces cerevisiae <![CDATA[Convert organic matter into ethanol and CO 2 , while generating heat to increase the fermentation temperature]]> Bacillus Complexes various heavy metals, inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, and improves the fermentation microenvironment Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Break down starch into soluble sugars that can be used by other microorganisms Bacillus subtilis Increase crop resistance, fix nitrogen, and inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms Aspergillus oryzae <![CDATA[It can produce a variety of composite enzymes to enzymatically decompose organic matter and NH 3 , reducing the generation of odors]]>

[0031] Table 3: Middle and late bacterial species (mainly thermophilic microorganisms)

[0032] Bacteria effect Aspergillus niger It can break down large molecular organic matter and insoluble inorganic matter, making it easier for crops to absorb and utilize it, and improving soil structure. Geotrichum candidum <![CDATA[Efficiently assimilate organic nitrogen sources to produce urea CO(NH 2 ) 2 > Streptomyces tenuifolius <![CDATA[Suppress NH 3 、H 2 S production, and can convert nutrients into available phosphorus and available potassium]]> Actinomycetes Fix nitrogen, produce antibiotics, inhibit and kill harmful microorganisms, and maintain fermentation stability Trichoderma harzianum Complexes various heavy metals, converts total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in manure, and inhibits odor

[0033] The livestock and poultry manure in the present invention mainly includes cow manure, pig manure, chicken manure and duck manure. The microbial agent added to the cow manure is mixed agent No. 229, which is obtained by mixing Bacillus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trichoderma harzianum in a ratio of 1:1:1:1; 0.013% of mixed agent No. 229 is added per ton of cow manure to ferment the cow manure. The microbial agent added to the pig manure is mixed agent No. 459, which is obtained by mixing Bacillus, Streptomyces tenuifolius and Aspergillus niger in a weight ratio of 2:2:1.5, wherein the Bacillus is mixed with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a weight ratio of 1:1.5; 0.1% of mixed agent No. 459 is added per ton of pig manure. The microbial agent added to the chicken manure is mixed agent No. 317, which is obtained by mixing photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, and Bacillus in a ratio of 1:1:1, and the Bacillus is mixed by Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus wax poplar in a ratio of 1:2:1; according to weight percentage, 0.1% of mixed agent No. 317 is added to each ton of chicken manure. The microbial agent added to the duck manure is mixed agent No. 423, which is obtained by mixing Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus oryzae in a ratio of 1:1:1; 0.3% of mixed agent No. 423 is added to each ton of duck manure.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry manure using black soldier flies and earthworms, characterized in that: The livestock and poultry manure is mixed with auxiliary materials and organic waste and piled up, and microbial agents are added. The trough aerobic fermentation process is used to quickly reach a semi-mature state. Then, black soldier fly larvae and earthworm larvae are inoculated to further mature the livestock and poultry manure and realize the breeding of black soldier flies and earthworms at the same time.

2. The method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry excrement using black soldier flies and earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mix livestock and poultry manure, auxiliary materials and livestock and poultry urine to obtain a mixture with a humidity of 45% to 70%; mix the mixture with organic waste wheat bran in a ratio of 4:1 or with organic waste straw in a ratio of 5:1 and then pile it, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pile to 20, the moisture content to 75%, and the temperature to 28°C to 30°C, add microbial agents for fermentation, and inoculate black soldier fly larvae after semi-compostion.

3. The method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry excrement using black soldier flies and earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The livestock and poultry manure is mixed with crushed fungus residue or straw to make a base material, and microbial agents are added to the pile for fermentation. After half-composting, earthworm larvae are inoculated; the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pile is controlled to 25:1, the pH value is adjusted to 7.4-7.6, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and 0.4Kg / m 2 Earthworm seedlings.

4. The method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry excrement using black soldier flies and earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent No. 229 is added to the cow dung of the livestock and poultry manure, and is obtained by mixing Bacillus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma harzianum in a ratio of 1:1:1:1; 0.013% of the mixed microbial agent No. 229 is added per ton of cow dung to ferment the cow dung.

5. The method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry excrement using black soldier flies and earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent added to the pig manure of the livestock and poultry manure is a mixed microbial agent No. 459, which is obtained by mixing Bacillus, Streptomyces tenuifolius, and Aspergillus niger in a weight ratio of 2:2:1.5, wherein the Bacillus is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a weight ratio of 1:1.5; 0.1% of the mixed microbial agent No. 459 is added per ton of pig manure.

6. The method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry excrement using black soldier flies and earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent No. 317 is added to the chicken manure of the livestock and poultry manure, which is obtained by mixing photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, and Bacillus in a ratio of 1:1:1, and the Bacillus is a mixture of Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus wax poplar in a ratio of 1:2:1; according to weight percentage, 0.1% of the mixed microbial agent No. 317 is added per ton of chicken manure.

7. The method for ecologically treating livestock and poultry excrement using black soldier flies and earthworms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent No. 423 is added to the duck manure of the livestock and poultry manure, and is obtained by mixing Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus oryzae in a ratio of 1:1:1; 0.3% of the mixed microbial agent No. 423 is added to each ton of duck manure.

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