Air-space-ground integrated railway ground disaster monitoring and early warning method

Abstract

The invention discloses a space-air-ground integrated railway ground disaster monitoring and early warning method, which comprises the following steps of: selecting a satellite model and wavelength according to the ground surface characteristics of an object area, and determining the satellite shooting scene number of the object area by combining a satellite flight route according to the object area; planning a satellite shooting period; acquiring satellite data of an object area according to a plan; using professional software to analyze satellite data, and analyzing terrain deformation; exporting the deformation data as vector data; carrying out on-site checking on a region (or a specified region) with severe terrain deformation; determining whether the GNSS deformation monitoring device is installed according to the checking result; performing on-site survey on a deformation area, and determining positions of reference points and monitoring points; gNSS equipment is installed on site; the GNSS equipment is adjusted and calibrated; the software platform accesses GNSS equipment data; according to the GNSS equipment data, setting an alarm threshold value of a monitoring point position; early warning information is sent out after the GNSS monitoring data exceed a threshold value; the early warning information is directly sent to a manager through a short message; the manager arranges a work order to the disposer; a disposer arrives at the site to carry out checking processing, and on-site checking is carried out through a matched APP system; uploading the on-site photos before checking and after initial value by a disposal major through a matched APP system; the early warning information is closed, and the train driving safety is cooperatively guaranteed from multiple levels and multiple aspects of'air, space and ground '.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of disaster early warning, and in particular relates to an air-ground-ground integrated railway geological disaster monitoring and early warning method. Background Art

[0002] The geological conditions along the railway are complex, with many bridges and tunnels, many slopes, and many mining areas. There are many dangerous factors such as geological disasters such as slope instability and rockfall, water damage and erosion, geological subsidence, and landslides. In the past, the understanding and treatment of geological disasters basically relied on experience, lacked prediction of the development trend of geological disasters, and lacked timely summary, analysis, and mining of data. For on-site treatment, there was a lack of supervision of on-site treatment and accumulation of knowledge and experience.

[0003] The geological conditions along the railway are complex and there are many dangerous factors. In most cases, manual monitoring methods have been unable to deal with dangerous factors in a timely and efficient manner. In addition, the understanding and handling of disasters in the past basically relied on experience, lacking predictions of disaster development trends and timely aggregation, analysis and mining of data.

[0004] By building an integrated air-space-ground-earth railway geological disaster monitoring and early warning system, we can monitor the current status of geological subsidence at a macro level, analyze geological development trends, monitor and warn of geological deformation in real time, improve the efficiency of geological disaster emergency inspections, establish geological disaster information archives, and enhance the level of intelligent information technology for geological disasters, so as to coordinate and ensure the safety of train operations from multiple levels and aspects of "air-space-ground-earth". Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated air-ground-railway geological disaster monitoring and early warning system and method. For on-site disposal, there is a lack of supervision and accumulation of knowledge and experience in on-site disposal. By studying the train line geological disaster safety monitoring and early warning system, combined with InSAR technology, drone intelligent inspection technology, GIS technology and Internet of Things monitoring technology, the above-mentioned problems are solved in a targeted manner, and the multi-level and multi-faceted collaborative guarantee of train driving safety is ensured from "air-ground-ground".

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An air-ground-ground integrated railway geological disaster monitoring and early warning method, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select the satellite model and wavelength according to the surface characteristics of the target area, and determine the number of satellite shots of the target area according to the target area and the satellite flight path; Step 2: Plan the satellite shooting cycle; Step 3, obtaining satellite data of the target area as planned; Step 4: Use professional software to analyze satellite data and terrain deformation; Step 5: Export the deformation data as vector data; Step 6: Conduct on-site inspections in areas (or designated areas) with severe terrain deformation; Step 7: Determine whether to install GNSS deformation monitoring equipment based on the verification results; Step 8: Conduct on-site survey of the deformation area to determine the locations of benchmark points and monitoring points; Step 9: Install GNSS equipment on site; Step 10: Calibrate GNSS equipment; Step 11: The software platform accesses GNSS device data; Step 12: Set the alarm threshold of the monitoring point according to the GNSS equipment data; Step 13: When the GNSS monitoring data exceeds the threshold, a warning message is issued; Step 14: The warning information is sent directly to the management personnel via SMS; Step 15: The manager assigns the work order to the disposal personnel; Step 16: The disposal personnel go to the site to conduct verification and processing, and conduct on-site verification through the supporting APP system; Step 17. The handling officer uploads the on-site photos before and after the verification through the supporting APP system; Step 18: Close the warning information.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) Adopt new technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, 5G, Beidou satellite positioning system, GIS, InSAR, and drone inspection.

[0008] (2) Dynamically monitor geological disasters and submit monitoring data in real time.

[0009] (3) Support multi-source data fusion technology to share data and functions in the form of "services".

[0010] (4) 2D and 3D integration technology is different from the traditional approach of only considering 3D problems and separating 2D and 3D. It focuses on solving the integration of 2D and 3D in storage, display, retrieval, statistics and analysis, providing users with different needs with a variety of spatial analysis methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0013] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention obtains data from the remote sensing satellite ALOS-2 (Da Di No. 2), uses InSAR technology to analyze and monitor monthly and annual ground subsidence, obtains the temporal and spatial distribution information of ground subsidence along the railway, and guides the treatment and management of hidden dangers; deploys and installs ground GNSS monitoring equipment in typical scenes prone to geological disasters such as tunnels, slopes, mining areas, and water-damaged roadbeds for real-time settlement monitoring and early warning; uses drones to conduct intelligent inspections of daily line operations and emergency tasks. Intelligent drones automatically execute the entire process according to the set route, automatically take off and land, automatically cruise according to the preset route, and conduct lean inspections of roadbeds, slopes, etc. at regular intervals and fixed points. For sudden geological disasters, the development of the geological disaster site can be understood in a timely manner; remote sensing and GNSS data are summarized to establish a geological disaster information archive for the Jingshen Railway test section. A GIS information system is established to manage, count, analyze, warn, and alarm geological disaster data. The entire applied research aims to conduct multi-dimensional, multi-scale, multi-temporal monitoring and high-precision, all-weather online monitoring of geological disasters along the line through interdisciplinary technical integration and complementarity, and to build a digital twin geological disaster monitoring and early warning information system and a supporting mobile APP along the line in combination with GIS.

[0014] By studying the geological disaster safety monitoring and early warning system for train lines, and combining InSAR technology, drone intelligent inspection technology, GIS technology and Internet of Things monitoring technology, we can solve the above-mentioned problems in a targeted manner and coordinately ensure the safety of train operations from multiple levels and aspects of "air, space and land".

[0015] (1) Use InSAR technology to regularly monitor surface deformation along the railway, analyze the settlement changes of the entire railway area from a macro perspective, identify geological disasters and settlement deformation areas in areas with severe settlement and deformation, and guide field verification and field hidden danger treatment.

[0016] (2) Use drones to conduct intelligent inspections of daily line operations and emergency tasks. Intelligent drones automatically execute the set route, take off and land automatically, cruise automatically according to the preset route, and conduct lean inspections of roadbeds, slopes, etc. at regular intervals and locations. In the event of sudden geological disasters, the development of the geological disaster site can be understood in a timely manner.

[0017] (3) IoT monitoring equipment such as GNSS, water level monitors and video surveillance equipment are deployed along the line, and the precise location information of the train line and IoT monitoring equipment is intuitively displayed using two- or three-dimensional maps. The monitoring equipment is used to conduct comprehensive and dynamic safety monitoring of the railway line in terms of settlement, water level and images, and obtain the safe operation status of the railway line in real time. When the monitoring data triggers the preset early warning conditions, the system issues an alarm message and sends an alert to the relevant management personnel via SMS or email, so that the management personnel can arrange personnel to conduct on-site verification and disposal. Through the supporting railway safety patrol app, the patrol personnel report the on-site verification and disposal information.

[0018] (4) The system can maintain and manage the monitoring equipment on the basis of monitoring, early warning and alarm. At the same time, it can schedule daily patrol work, supervise and record the work of patrol personnel, and form a long-term mechanism for line safety management with real-time early warning, timely alarm, on-site verification and disposal, and supervision of disposal.

[0019] (1) Research on the use of InSAR technology to monitor the trend of surface deformation along the railway. Through the comparative analysis of multiple SAR images, study the changes in surface settlement along the railway in a certain time series, identify areas with large surface deformation magnitudes, and analyze the possible impact on the railway line.

[0020] (2) Research the IoT intelligent monitoring and control platform based on cloud computing, and build the IoT platform of the railway logistics group. The platform complies with the latest JT / T808 and JT / T1078 protocols of the Ministry of Transport, and supports the private protocol extension of the railway logistics group. It meets the requirements of high-precision positioning communication intelligent terminal data reception, intelligent control, and high-definition audio, video, and real-time transmission of pictures.

[0021] (3) Develop a railway line safety early warning monitoring system that adopts a B / S architecture, including data collection, data display, data query, and data analysis; develop mobile terminal functions that can record daily inspections; and manage, count, and query related equipment and facilities.

[0022] (4) Research on the seamless connection and organic integration of BIM and GIS platforms.

[0023] (5) Study the reasonable location of the intelligent hangar, comprehensively consider the impact of the hangar and the take-off and landing of drones on the existing lines, consider the cruising radius of drones, improve the complementary enhancement of drone inspections to daily work, consider the coverage of disaster-prone sections, realize automatic take-off and landing and automatic cruising of drones according to tasks, and enhance the comprehensive response capabilities to daily inspections and emergencies.

[0024] (6) Research on the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to process various monitoring data, increase the accuracy of automatically identifying the types of safety hazard events through monitoring signals, and thus reduce the false alarm rate without increasing the safety warning missed alarm rate.

[0025] (1) Real-time submission of dynamic monitoring data based on Internet of Things technology; The means of geological disaster monitoring have been expanded from the traditional group monitoring and prevention methods. With the support of the most advanced Internet of Things monitoring technology, dynamic monitoring data including surface displacement monitoring data, surface crack monitoring data, deep displacement monitoring data, rainfall monitoring data, groundwater level monitoring data, earth pressure monitoring data, three-dimensional relative displacement monitoring data and other monitoring data can be submitted to the system in real time, reducing the cost of human monitoring and shortening the disaster response time.

[0026] (2) Disaster analysis and early warning based on big data technology; Integrate big data analysis technology into the entire operating system to integrate spatial geographic data, geological monitoring data, geological thematic data, emergency sharing data, emergency professional data, public service data, and dynamic monitoring data, and build a geological disaster database. Connect the database to the big data analysis platform to achieve data analysis and visualization.

[0027] (3) Supporting fusion technology of multi-source data; Supports sharing of data and functions in the form of "services". It can aggregate data from various department systems and publish its own data as services for use by other systems to help the overall emergency rescue work. Supports publishing / sharing services on the client, Web server and GIS server; supports distributed deployment of the system; supports various heterogeneous platforms; supports publishing after aggregation, and can nest aggregation multiple times.

[0028] (4) Visual display based on 2D and 3D integrated technology; This system uses 2D and 3D integrated display technology as the basic display environment for early warning monitoring, plan simulation, command and dispatch, post-event analysis, and drill control during emergency command. By integrating 2D spatial data and 3D spatial data in GIS on one platform, users can build a system with both 2D and 3D application forms. The system has the characteristics of good 3D scene display effect and high intuitiveness, and clear and explicit 2D map display.

[0029] The real world is a three-dimensional world. In order to have a more realistic understanding of the situation at the scene of an accident, the government's comprehensive emergency system needs to be supported not only by a two-dimensional GIS system but also needs to be comprehensively displayed and analyzed on a three-dimensional GIS system. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional integration technology is different from the traditional approach of only considering three-dimensional problems and separating two-dimensional from three-dimensional. It focuses on solving the integration of two-dimensional and three-dimensional storage, display, retrieval, statistics and analysis, and provides users with different needs with a variety of spatial analysis methods. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional integration technology includes three aspects: the integration of spatial data management, the integration of symbol display and the integration of spatial analysis. Among them, the integration of spatial data management is to integrate the two-dimensional model into the three-dimensional model, and use the storage structure of two-dimensional spatial data to speed up the storage, retrieval and display speed of three-dimensional spatial data. The integration of symbol display is to ensure that the same geographical element has the same symbol label when switching between the two-dimensional system and the three-dimensional system. The integration of spatial analysis is to apply mature two-dimensional spatial analysis technology to three-dimensional spatial analysis, thereby realizing the integration of two-dimensional analysis and three-dimensional analysis.

[0030] (5) Fitting analysis of surface deformation monitoring using InSAR technology and measured data; Comparative analysis of the results of surface deformation monitoring using InSAR technology with sensor data, GNSS data, and leveling monitoring data. The use of InSAR technology to monitor surface deformation is effective for changes caused by coal mining, landslides, and surface subsidence, but the monitoring results under different geological conditions need to be compared and analyzed with various measurement results. Focus on areas with drastic changes and provide a reference for data processing along the Hongning Railway.

[0031] (6) Research on UAV intelligent inspection technology; Study the reasonable location of the smart hangar, comprehensively consider the impact of the hangar and drone take-off and landing on existing lines, consider the drone cruising radius, improve the complementary enhancement of drone inspections to daily work, consider the coverage of disaster-prone sections, and realize automatic take-off and landing and automatic cruising of drones according to tasks, thereby enhancing the comprehensive response capabilities to daily inspections and emergencies.

[0032] (7) Information reporting and publishing based on mobile terminals; The mobile platform adopts a portable design and can quickly collect on-site video and sound, transmit them back to the monitoring center through smart terminals and individual systems, and monitor the on-site situation in real time. At the same time, it uses portable computers and mobile phones as on-site information analysis and processing platforms, providing a variety of software functions such as information reporting, data download and browsing, information query, GIS application, etc., to achieve rapid information exchange between the emergency scene and the monitoring center. Example

[0033] Through the implementation of the project in the Hengshan section of the Jingshen Railway, it was found that the terrain in this area is volatile and the vegetation is sparse. According to the situation in the survey area, the ALOS-2 satellite was selected for shooting, using the L-band 3-meter resolution, 1 scene data, and a coverage area of ​​50*70 square kilometers. Through the analysis of 12 phases of data, the geological deformation rate of the survey area was analyzed, the key deformation areas were verified on site, and the key areas were surveyed to determine the installation of GNSS equipment for real-time ground deformation monitoring. A total of 20 sets of equipment were installed. The GNSS equipment data is accessed through the self-developed software system, and the alarm threshold of the GNSS monitoring point is set. If the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, an alarm occurs, and the alarm is sent to the management personnel via SMS. The management personnel use the software system to assign the work order to the on-site disposal personnel, and the disposal personnel go to the site for processing and report the processing results to the management personnel through the app for retention.

Claims

1. An air-ground-ground integrated railway geological disaster monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select the satellite model and wavelength according to the surface characteristics of the target area, and determine the number of satellite shots of the target area according to the target area and the satellite flight path; Step 2: Plan the satellite shooting cycle; Step 3, obtaining satellite data of the target area as planned; Step 4: Use professional software to analyze satellite data and terrain deformation; Step 5: Export the deformation data as vector data; Step 6: Conduct on-site inspections in areas (or designated areas) with severe terrain deformation; Step 7: Determine whether to install GNSS deformation monitoring equipment based on the verification results; Step 8: Conduct on-site survey of the deformation area to determine the locations of benchmark points and monitoring points; Step 9: Install GNSS equipment on site; Step 10: Calibrate the GNSS equipment; Step 11: The software platform accesses GNSS device data; Step 12: Set the alarm threshold of the monitoring point according to the GNSS equipment data; Step 13: When the GNSS monitoring data exceeds the threshold, a warning message is issued; Step 14: The warning information is sent directly to the management personnel via SMS; Step 15: The manager assigns the work order to the disposal personnel; Step 16: The disposal personnel go to the site to conduct verification and processing, and conduct on-site verification through the supporting APP system; Step 17. The handling officer uploads the on-site photos before and after the verification through the supporting APP system; Step 18: Close the warning information.

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