Device for increasing temperature of tail gas of hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing pressurization and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen internal combustion engines, in particular to a device for increasing the tail gas temperature of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing pressurization and a control method thereof. Comprising the steps that an exhaust hydrogen combustion device and an electronic control unit are additionally arranged on an original exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, an auxiliary combustion chamber is installed on the upstream of a turbocharger, the oxygen exhaust flow is calculated through an exhaust flow sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor, the hydrogen spraying flow of a hydrogen nozzle is determined, and hydrogen-air mixed gas is ignited through a sparking plug; therefore, the tail gas enthalpy value of an inlet of the turbocharger is increased through combustion of hydrogen in the auxiliary combustion chamber, the supercharge ratio is increased, and then the inflation efficiency and the power density of the hydrogen internal combustion engine are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a temperature enhanced supercharging device, and in particular to a device that utilizes exhaust pipe auxiliary combustion to regulate the exhaust enthalpy of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and improve the supercharging capacity of a hydrogen internal combustion engine turbocharger, and belongs to the field of hydrogen internal combustion engines. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen internal combustion engines can be produced based on most links of the traditional internal combustion engine industry chain. They have the advantages of low cost, strong reliability, and wide environmental adaptability. They are one of the important technologies for the internal combustion engine industry to achieve the "dual carbon" goal.

[0003] Compared with traditional internal combustion engines, one of the pain points in the development of hydrogen internal combustion engines is that their power density is significantly lower than that of gasoline and diesel engines. At present, the power per liter of hydrogen internal combustion engines under reliable operating conditions is only about 1 / 3 of that of gasoline engines, which means that the volume and weight of hydrogen internal combustion engines will be significantly higher than traditional internal combustion engines under the same power demand conditions, thereby increasing the difficulty of vehicle power system layout and causing problems such as reduced overall vehicle efficiency.

[0004] The main reasons for the reduction in power density of hydrogen internal combustion engines are, on the one hand, that hydrogen internal combustion engines usually use lean burn technology to avoid abnormal combustion, which makes it difficult to effectively utilize the air in the intake. On the other hand, the combustion rate of hydrogen is higher than that of traditional fuels. In addition, the use of lean burn makes its exhaust temperature significantly lower, and the turbocharger is difficult to provide a higher compression ratio under the condition of low exhaust enthalpy, which leads to a decrease in the charging efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and a significant attenuation of power.

[0005] Improving the boost ratio is an important way to improve the power density of internal combustion engines. Existing technologies for enhancing boosting of hydrogen internal combustion engines mainly include the use of variable-section turbines, multi-stage boosting, electric turbines or mechanical superchargers. Neither electric turbines nor mechanical superchargers can use the waste heat of exhaust gas to boost the engine. Their operation requires additional power consumption, resulting in a decrease in the overall efficiency of the power system. Variable-section turbines are expensive and difficult to manufacture, and multi-stage boosting arrangements occupy a large space. In addition, the above two new turbocharging technologies still need to rely on the exhaust enthalpy of hydrogen internal combustion engines as an energy source. Under the low exhaust temperature conditions of hydrogen internal combustion engines, the above new technologies are also difficult to significantly improve the boost ratio of hydrogen internal combustion engines. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned defects and provides a device for increasing the exhaust temperature of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing supercharging and a control method thereof.

[0007] In order to overcome the defects existing in the background technology, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the device for increasing the exhaust temperature of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing the supercharging comprises an original internal combustion engine, an exhaust manifold, a turbocharger, a selective catalytic reducer SCR and an ammonia slip catalyst, and is characterized in that a set of exhaust hydrogen combustion device and an electronic control unit are added, the exhaust hydrogen combustion device comprises an exhaust flow sensor installed on the exhaust manifold, an exhaust manifold valve located downstream of the exhaust flow sensor, an auxiliary combustion chamber is installed on the exhaust manifold, the inlet and outlet of the auxiliary combustion chamber are respectively provided with an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve and an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve, in the auxiliary combustion chamber, an oxygen concentration sensor, a hydrogen nozzle and a spark plug are installed in sequence from upstream to downstream, the hydrogen bottle is connected to the hydrogen nozzle through a pipeline, and a pressure reducer is provided on the pipeline; The pipeline equipped with the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve is connected to the exhaust manifold, and the connection point is located between the exhaust flow sensor and the exhaust manifold valve; The pipeline equipped with the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve is connected to the exhaust manifold, and the connection point is located between the exhaust manifold valve and the turbocharger; The oxygen concentration sensor is installed upstream of the hydrogen nozzle, and the distance between the concentration sensor and the hydrogen nozzle is not less than 20 mm; The spark plug is installed downstream of the hydrogen nozzle, and the distance between the spark plug and the hydrogen nozzle is not greater than 18 mm; The electronic control unit meets the requirement of calculating the exhaust molar flow rate [mol / s] according to the exhaust flow sensor; The electronic control unit communicates with the internal combustion engine body electronic control unit, and can also be connected to the original intake pressure sensor in the internal combustion engine to obtain the actual intake pressure signal a; The electronic control unit is connected to the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve and controls the opening and closing of the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b; The electronic control unit is connected to the spark plug and controls the spark plug to spark by sending a spark plug control signal c; The electronic control unit is connected to the hydrogen nozzle and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen nozzle by sending a hydrogen nozzle signal d; The electronic control unit is connected to the oxygen concentration sensor and obtains the oxygen concentration of the auxiliary combustion chamber by receiving the oxygen concentration signal e; The electronic control unit is connected to the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve and controls the opening and closing of the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n; The electronic control unit is connected to the exhaust manifold valve and controls the opening and closing of the exhaust manifold valve by sending an exhaust manifold valve control signal m; The electronic control unit is connected to the exhaust flow sensor and obtains the exhaust flow of the hydrogen internal combustion engine by receiving the exhaust flow signal t.

[0008] The control method of the device for enhancing the temperature of the exhaust gas of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing the supercharging comprises the following steps: The electronic control unit first detects the actual intake pressure signal a, and obtains the actual intake pressure p of the hydrogen internal combustion engine under the current working condition through the actual intake pressure signal a. a , and further calculate the actual supercharging efficiency η of the hydrogen internal combustion engine based on the actual intake pressure of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. η is defined as the actual intake pressure p of the internal combustion engine under certain working conditions. a With design pressure p t When η is not less than 0.9, the electronic control unit determines that the hydrogen internal combustion engine supercharging system can meet the supercharging demand. At this time, the electronic control unit controls the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n to close the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve, sends an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b to close the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve, and sends an exhaust manifold valve control signal m to open the exhaust manifold valve. At this time, the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine during operation does not pass through the auxiliary combustion chamber and is normally discharged outside the engine through the exhaust manifold. At the same time, the electronic control unit stops sending a spark plug control signal c to stop the spark plug from sparking, and stops sending a hydrogen nozzle signal d to close the hydrogen nozzle; When the actual supercharging efficiency η of the hydrogen internal combustion engine calculated by the electronic control unit based on the actual pressure signal a is less than 0.9, the electronic control unit determines that the supercharging system of the hydrogen internal combustion engine cannot meet the supercharging demand. At this time, the electronic control unit sends an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n to open the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve, sends an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b to open the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve, and sends an exhaust manifold valve control signal m to close the exhaust manifold valve. At this time, the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine during operation is discharged outside the engine through the auxiliary combustion chamber. The electronic control unit calculates the exhaust molar flow rate M of the hydrogen internal combustion engine by receiving the exhaust flow signal t. e [mol / s], and further obtain the oxygen molar concentration F in the exhaust gas according to the oxygen concentration signal e, and further calculate the molar flow rate M of oxygen in the exhaust gas according to formula 1 o : M o =M e *F (Formula 1); In order to ensure combustion stability and combustion noise in the auxiliary combustion chamber (16), a lean combustion mode is adopted in the auxiliary combustion chamber (16). The electronic control unit calculates the target injection flow rate M of hydrogen according to equation 2: h : M h =1.6M o (Formula 2); In the calculation of M hAfter that, the electronic control unit controls the spark plug to spark continuously at a frequency of not less than 50Hz by sending the spark plug control signal c, and the continuous sparking time of the spark plug is not less than 5 seconds. 0.1s after sending the spark plug control signal c, the electronic control unit controls the hydrogen nozzle to open by sending the hydrogen nozzle signal d and makes the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen nozzle M h At this time, hydrogen is mixed with oxygen in the exhaust gas in the auxiliary combustion chamber to increase the exhaust gas temperature after it flows back to the exhaust manifold from the outlet of the auxiliary combustion chamber, providing a higher exhaust gas enthalpy value for the turbocharger, thereby improving the supercharging efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0009] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, in view of the problem of low power density of hydrogen internal combustion engines caused by insufficient supercharger supercharging capacity due to low exhaust temperature and low enthalpy value of hydrogen internal combustion engines, the present invention provides a device and method for increasing the exhaust temperature of hydrogen internal combustion engines and strengthening supercharging. The device adds an auxiliary combustion chamber located upstream of the supercharger to the original exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine. By arranging a hydrogen nozzle and a spark plug in the auxiliary combustion chamber, hydrogen can use the oxygen in the exhaust gas under the lean combustion conditions of the hydrogen internal combustion engine to burn, thereby increasing the exhaust temperature and enthalpy value at the front inlet of the turbocharger, and increasing the working capacity of the turbocharger. Compared with technologies such as electric turbines and multi-stage turbines, the device and method provided by the present invention retain the original turbocharging system structure, and have advantages in supercharging efficiency and cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Among them: 1 internal combustion engine; 2 exhaust manifold valve; 3 turbocharger; 4 selective catalytic reduction SCR; 5 ammonia slip catalyst; 6 auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve; 7 spark plug; 8 hydrogen nozzle; 9 oxygen concentration sensor; 10 exhaust flow sensor; 11 electronic control unit; 12 auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve; 13 pressure reducer; 14 hydrogen bottle; 15 exhaust manifold; 16 auxiliary combustion chamber.

[0012] a. Actual intake pressure signal; b. Auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal; c. Spark plug control signal; d. Hydrogen nozzle signal; e. Oxygen concentration signal; t. Exhaust flow signal; m. Exhaust manifold valve control signal; n. Auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for increasing the exhaust temperature of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing supercharging comprises an original internal combustion engine 1, an exhaust manifold 15, a turbocharger 3, a selective catalytic reducer SCR4 and an ammonia slip catalyst 5. On the basis of the original structure, an exhaust hydrogen combustion device and an electronic control unit 11 are added, the exhaust hydrogen combustion device comprises an exhaust flow sensor 10 installed on the exhaust manifold 15, an exhaust manifold valve 2 located downstream of the exhaust flow sensor 10, an auxiliary combustion chamber 16 is installed on the exhaust manifold 15, and an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12 and an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve 6 are respectively provided at the inlet and outlet of the auxiliary combustion chamber 16, in the auxiliary combustion chamber 16, an oxygen concentration sensor 9, a hydrogen nozzle 8 and a spark plug 7 are installed in sequence from upstream to downstream, a hydrogen bottle 14 is connected to the hydrogen nozzle 8 through a pipeline, and a pressure reducer 13 is provided on the pipeline; The pipeline equipped with the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12 is connected to the exhaust manifold 15, and the connection point is located between the exhaust flow sensor 10 and the exhaust manifold valve 2; The pipeline equipped with the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve 6 is connected to the exhaust manifold 15, and the connection point is located between the exhaust manifold valve 2 and the turbocharger 3; The oxygen concentration sensor 9 is installed upstream of the hydrogen nozzle 8, and the distance between the concentration sensor 9 and the hydrogen nozzle 8 is not less than 20 mm; The spark plug 7 is installed downstream of the hydrogen nozzle 8, and the distance between the spark plug 7 and the hydrogen nozzle 8 is not greater than 18 mm; The electronic control unit 11 meets the requirement of calculating the exhaust molar flow [mol / s] according to the exhaust flow sensor 10; The electronic control unit 11 communicates with the internal combustion engine body electronic control unit, and can also be connected to the original intake pressure sensor in the internal combustion engine to obtain the actual intake pressure signal a; The electronic control unit 11 is connected to the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve 6, and controls the opening and closing of the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve 6 by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b; The electronic control unit 11 is connected to the spark plug 7 and controls the spark plug 7 to spark by sending a spark plug control signal c; The electronic control unit 11 is connected to the hydrogen nozzle 8 and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen nozzle 8 by sending a hydrogen nozzle signal d; The electronic control unit 11 is connected to the oxygen concentration sensor 9 and obtains the oxygen concentration of the auxiliary combustion chamber 16 by receiving the oxygen concentration signal e; The electronic control unit 11 is connected to the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12, and controls the opening and closing of the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12 by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n; The electronic control unit 11 is connected to the exhaust manifold valve 2 and controls the opening and closing of the exhaust manifold valve 2 by sending an exhaust manifold valve control signal m; The electronic control unit 11 is connected to the exhaust gas flow sensor 10 and obtains the exhaust gas flow of the hydrogen internal combustion engine by receiving the exhaust gas flow signal t.

[0015] A control method for increasing the temperature of exhaust gas from a hydrogen internal combustion engine and strengthening a supercharging device, comprising the following steps: The electronic control unit 11 first detects the actual intake pressure signal a, and obtains the actual intake pressure of the hydrogen internal combustion engine under the current working condition through the actual intake pressure signal a. p a , and further calculate the actual supercharging efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine based on the actual intake pressure of the hydrogen internal combustion engine or , or Defined as the actual intake pressure of an internal combustion engine under certain operating conditions. p a With design pressure p t The ratio of or When the value is not less than 0.9, the electronic control unit 11 determines that the hydrogen internal combustion engine supercharging system can meet the supercharging demand. At this time, the electronic control unit 11 controls the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12 by sending the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n to close the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12, sends the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b to close the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve 6, and sends the exhaust manifold valve control signal m to open the exhaust manifold valve 2. At this time, the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine 1 during operation does not pass through the auxiliary combustion chamber 16 and is normally discharged outside the engine through the exhaust manifold 15. At the same time, the electronic control unit 11 stops sending the spark plug control signal c to stop the spark plug 7 from sparking, and stops sending the hydrogen nozzle signal d to close the hydrogen nozzle 8; When the electronic control unit 11 calculates the actual supercharging efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine according to the actual pressure signal a orWhen it is less than 0.9, the electronic control unit 11 determines that the hydrogen internal combustion engine supercharging system cannot meet the supercharging demand. At this time, the electronic control unit 11 sends an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n to open the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12, sends an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b to open the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve 6, and sends an exhaust manifold valve control signal m to close the exhaust manifold valve 2. At this time, the exhaust gas discharged by the internal combustion engine 1 during operation is discharged outside the engine through the auxiliary combustion chamber 16. The electronic control unit calculates the hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust molar flow M by receiving the exhaust flow signal t. e [mol / s], and further obtain the molar concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas based on the oxygen concentration signal e F , according to formula 1, the molar flow rate M of oxygen in the exhaust gas is further calculated o : M o =M e *F (Formula 1); In order to ensure combustion stability and combustion noise in the auxiliary combustion chamber (16), a lean combustion mode is adopted in the auxiliary combustion chamber 16. The electronic control unit calculates the target injection flow rate of hydrogen according to equation 2: M h : M h =1.6M o (Formula 2); In the calculation of M h After that, the electronic control unit 11 controls the spark plug 7 to continuously spark at a frequency of not less than 50 Hz by issuing the spark plug control signal c, and the continuous sparking time of the spark plug 7 is not less than 5 seconds. 0.1s after issuing the spark plug control signal c, the electronic control unit 11 controls the hydrogen nozzle 8 to open by issuing the hydrogen nozzle signal d and makes the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen nozzle 8 be M h At this time, hydrogen is mixed with oxygen in the exhaust gas in the auxiliary combustion chamber 16 and burned to increase the exhaust gas temperature after the outlet of the auxiliary combustion chamber 16 flows back to the exhaust manifold 15, providing a higher exhaust gas enthalpy value for the turbocharger 3, thereby improving the supercharging efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0016] This embodiment carries out the following experiments on various working conditions: Experimental use according to Figure 1 The manufactured hydrogen internal combustion engine equipped with a device for increasing the exhaust temperature of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing the supercharging was carried out in a bench test. In the experiment, the basic operating conditions of the hydrogen internal combustion engine were a speed of 2000r / min and a load pedal of 100%. To avoid detonation, the minimum excess air coefficient that can be adopted by the hydrogen internal combustion engine under the above basic conditions is 1.7. Under the above conditions, a device and method for increasing the exhaust temperature of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing the supercharging were tested for their effect on enhancing the supercharging system of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0017] Under the above working conditions, the electronic control unit 11 calculates the actual boosting efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine according to the actual pressure signal a obtained. or =0.68, the electronic control unit 11 controls the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve 12 by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n, sends an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b to open the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve 6, sends an exhaust manifold valve control signal m to close the exhaust manifold valve 2, sends a spark plug control signal c to control the spark plug 7 to spark continuously at a frequency of 50 Hz for 5 seconds, the electronic control unit 11 calculates the actual hydrogen injection amount of 0.02 mol / s according to the exhaust flow signal t, the oxygen concentration signal e and formulas 1 and 2, and the electronic control unit 11 opens the hydrogen nozzle 8 by sending a hydrogen nozzle signal d 0.1s after the spark plug 7 sparks and controls the hydrogen injection flow rate to 0.02 mol / s.

[0018] The experimental results show that after the auxiliary combustion chamber 16 successfully burns, the inlet temperature of the turbocharger 3 increases by 136K, the actual supercharging efficiency increases from 0.68 to 0.92, and the output power of the hydrogen internal combustion engine increases by 28.9%, indicating that the device and method for increasing the exhaust temperature of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing supercharging provided by the present invention can effectively improve the supercharging ratio and power density of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0019] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for increasing the exhaust temperature of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing supercharging, comprising an existing internal combustion engine (1), an exhaust manifold (15), a turbocharger (3), a selective catalytic reducer (SCR) (4) and an ammonia slip catalyst (5), characterized in that: The invention also includes an additional exhaust hydrogen combustion device and an electronic control unit (11). The exhaust hydrogen combustion device includes an exhaust flow sensor (10) installed on an exhaust manifold (15), an exhaust manifold valve (2) located downstream of the exhaust flow sensor (10), an auxiliary combustion chamber (16) installed on the exhaust manifold (15), an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12) and an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve (6) respectively provided at the inlet and outlet of the auxiliary combustion chamber (16), an oxygen concentration sensor (9), a hydrogen nozzle (8) and a spark plug (7) are installed in the auxiliary combustion chamber (16) in sequence from upstream to downstream, the hydrogen nozzle (8) is connected to a hydrogen cylinder (14) through a pipeline, and a pressure reducer (13) is provided on the pipeline.

2. The device for increasing the exhaust temperature and enhancing supercharging of a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust manifold (15) is connected to a pipeline on which an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12) is installed, and the connection point is located between the exhaust flow sensor (10) and the exhaust manifold valve (2).

3. The device for increasing the exhaust temperature and enhancing supercharging of a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust manifold (15) is connected to a pipeline on which an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve (6) is installed, and the connection point is located between the exhaust manifold valve (2) and the turbocharger (3).

4. The device for increasing the exhaust temperature and enhancing supercharging of a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen concentration sensor (9) is installed upstream of the hydrogen nozzle (8), and the distance between the concentration sensor (9) and the hydrogen nozzle (8) is not less than 20 mm.

5. The device for increasing the exhaust temperature and enhancing supercharging of a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spark plug (7) is installed downstream of the hydrogen nozzle (8), and the distance between the spark plug (7) and the hydrogen nozzle (8) is no more than 18 mm.

6. The device for increasing the exhaust temperature and enhancing supercharging of a hydrogen internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic control unit (11) meets the requirement of calculating the exhaust molar flow rate [mol / s] according to the exhaust flow rate sensor (10); The electronic control unit (11) communicates with the internal combustion engine electronic control unit, and can also be connected to the original intake pressure sensor in the internal combustion engine to obtain the actual intake pressure signal a; The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve (6) and controls the opening and closing of the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve (6) by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b; The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the spark plug (7) and controls the spark plug (7) to spark by sending a spark plug control signal c; The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the hydrogen nozzle (8) and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen nozzle (8) by sending a hydrogen nozzle signal d; The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the oxygen concentration sensor (9) and obtains the oxygen concentration of the auxiliary combustion chamber (16) by receiving the oxygen concentration signal e; The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12), and controls the opening and closing of the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12) by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n; The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the exhaust manifold valve (2) and controls the opening and closing of the exhaust manifold valve (2) by sending an exhaust manifold valve control signal m; The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the exhaust flow sensor (10) and obtains the exhaust flow of the hydrogen internal combustion engine by receiving the exhaust flow signal t.

7. The control method of the device for increasing the exhaust temperature of a hydrogen internal combustion engine and enhancing supercharging as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The electronic control unit (11) first detects the actual intake pressure signal a, and obtains the actual intake pressure p of the hydrogen internal combustion engine under the current working condition through the actual intake pressure signal a. a , and further calculate the actual supercharging efficiency η of the hydrogen internal combustion engine based on the actual intake pressure of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. η is defined as the actual intake pressure p of the internal combustion engine under certain working conditions. a With design pressure p t When η is not less than 0.9, the electronic control unit (11) determines that the hydrogen internal combustion engine supercharging system can meet the supercharging demand. At this time, the electronic control unit (11) controls the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12) by issuing an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n to close the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12), issues an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b to close the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve (6), and issues an exhaust manifold valve control signal m to open the exhaust manifold valve (2). At this time, the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine (1) during operation does not pass through the auxiliary combustion chamber (16) but is normally discharged outside the engine through the exhaust manifold (15). At the same time, the electronic control unit (11) stops issuing the spark plug control signal c to stop the spark plug (7) from sparking, and stops issuing the hydrogen nozzle signal d to close the hydrogen nozzle (8); When the actual supercharging efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine calculated by the electronic control unit (11) according to the actual pressure signal a η When the value is less than 0.9, the electronic control unit (11) determines that the hydrogen internal combustion engine supercharging system cannot meet the supercharging demand. At this time, the electronic control unit (11) controls the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12) by sending an auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve control signal n to open the auxiliary combustion chamber intake valve (12), sends an auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve control signal b to open the auxiliary combustion chamber exhaust valve (6), and sends an exhaust manifold valve control signal m to close the exhaust manifold valve (2). At this time, the exhaust gas discharged by the internal combustion engine (1) during operation passes through the auxiliary combustion chamber (16) and is discharged outside the engine. The electronic control unit calculates the hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust molar flow rate M by receiving the exhaust flow rate signal t. e [mol / s], and further obtain the molar concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas based on the oxygen concentration signal e F , according to formula 1, the molar flow rate M of oxygen in the exhaust gas is further calculated o : M o =M e *F (Formula 1); In order to ensure combustion stability and combustion noise in the auxiliary combustion chamber (16), a lean combustion method is adopted in the auxiliary combustion chamber (16). The electronic control unit calculates the target injection flow rate of hydrogen according to equation 2: M h : M h =1.6M o (Formula 2); In the calculation of M h After that, the electronic control unit (11) controls the spark plug (7) to continuously spark at a frequency of not less than 50 Hz by issuing a spark plug control signal c, and the continuous sparking time of the spark plug (7) is not less than 5 seconds. 0.1 seconds after issuing the spark plug control signal c, the electronic control unit (11) controls the hydrogen nozzle (8) to open by issuing a hydrogen nozzle signal d, and the hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen nozzle (8) is M. h At this time, the hydrogen is mixed with the oxygen in the exhaust gas in the auxiliary combustion chamber (16) and burned to increase the exhaust gas temperature after the outlet of the auxiliary combustion chamber (16) flows back to the exhaust manifold (15), providing a higher exhaust gas enthalpy value for the turbocharger (3), thereby improving the supercharging efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

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