246results about How to "Increase enthalpy" patented technology

A system and process are provided for converting a light hydrocarbon gas to a synthetic heavier hydrocarbon liquid. The system includes an autothermal reformer, a Fischer-Tropsch reactor and a Brayton cycle that are structurally and functionally integrated. In the practice of the process, a mixture of a hydrocarbon feed gas, a compressed air feed and process steam is fed to the autothermal reformer to produce a synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is fed to the Fischer-Tropsch reactor where it is catalytically reacted to produce heavy hydrocarbons. The outlet from the Fischer-Tropsch reactor is separated into water, a low heating value tail gas, and the desired hydrocarbon liquid product. The water is pressurized and heated to generate process steam. The tail gas is heated and fed with compressed air and steam to the Brayton cycle having a combustor and a series of power turbines and compressors. The tail gas and air feed are burned in the combustor to produce a combustion gas that is used to drive a power turbine linked by a shaft to an air compressor, thereby driving the air compressor. The system further includes a plurality of heat exchangers that enable heat to be recovered from the outlet of the autothermal reformer. The recovered heat is used to make the process steam as well as to preheat the hydrocarbon feed gas before it is fed to the autothermal reformer, preheat the synthesis gas before it is fed to the Fischer-Tropsch reactor and preheat the tail gas before it is fed to the combustor.

A waste heat recovery system of an internal combustion engine, in which the amount of regenerative energy transmitted to the internal combustion engine is increased with a simple mechanism. A controller of the waste heat recovery system of an internal combustion engine has at least determination means that makes a determination as to whether it is necessary to increase the pressure of heat-transfer media in a heat exchanger, on the basis of the pressure detected by the high-pressure sensor. When the determination means determines that it is necessary to increase the pressure in the heat exchanger, the controller causes a flow-rate regulating valve (506) to start regulating the flow rate of the heat-transfer media while leaving the pump working. The controller causes the flow-rate regulating valve to continue the regulation at least until the determination means determines that it is not necessary to increase the pressure in the heat exchanger, and then terminates the regulation.

A high efficiency combined cycle internal combustion and steam engine includes a cylinder and a piston with an internal combustion chamber outward of the piston, a fixed cylinder cap and a steam expansion chamber inside the piston. The cylinder cap can be heated to reduce condensation of steam entering from a steam generator fired by waste combustion heat. Following exhaust, residual steam can be recompressed prior to admitting the next charge of steam. A wrist pin connected to an inner end of the piston skirt inwardly of the cylinder cap is coupled to a connecting rod secured to a crankshaft. One valve or a pair of steam inlet valves are connected to communicate in series within the cylinder cap inside the piston. The steam mass admitted is regulated to reduce fuel consumption. Coolant can be superheated in the combustion exhaust manifold.

A reheat-and-regenerating type thermal power plant (A) using Rankine cycle has a water feed bypass (BW) which suppies high temperature fluid (28) produced in a large incineration plant (27) to a heat exchanger (29) and by which confluent feed water (Wg) resulting from the confluence of separated condensed-water (32), separated low temperature feed water (33), separated medium temperature feed water (34) and separated high temperature feed water (35) is supplied to a superheat conduction pipe (3a) through a heat exchanger conduction pipe (29a). The water feed bypass (BW) is installed separately from a feed water path (W), thus insuring an efficient use of the high temperature fluid (28) produced upon incinerating a huge amount of combustible wastes in the large incineration plant (27).

A solar concentration plant which uses water / steam as a heat-carrying fluid, in any thermodynamic cycle or system for the exploitation of process heat, which is comprised of an evaporation subsystem, where saturated steam is produced under the conditions of pressure of the system, and a superheater subsystem through which the steam reaches the required conditions of pressure and temperature at the turbine inlet, and in which an attemperation system (10) may be incorporated, these being physically separated and interconnected by means of a drum (5) in which the separation of water and steam takes place, and in which a strategic control of the pointing of the field of heliostats (1) towards either of the subsystems (evaporator or superheater) may be carried out, with individual or group pointing of the heliostats, in such a way that they jointly control both the pressure within the drum (5) and the outlet temperature of the superheated steam (11).

A system and method for fuel reforming in which at least a portion of the exhaust gases from a combustion process, such as an industrial furnace, is mixed with a fuel, such as natural gas, and the mixture is introduced into a first stage heat exchange vessel in which the fuel is reformed. The reformed fuel is then returned to the combustion process for burning. In accordance with one embodiment, primary combustion oxidant is introduced into a second stage heat exchange vessel in which it is heated by a portion of the exhaust gas exiting the first stage heat exchange vessel. The heated oxidant is then introduced into the combustion process for burning of the fuel(s) therein.

A high efficiency combined cycle internal combustion and steam engine includes a cylinder having a piston mounted for reciprocation therein with an internal combustion chamber outward of the piston, a fixed cylinder cap sealingly and slideably mounted within the piston and a steam expansion / recompression chamber inside the piston adjacent the cylinder cap. The cylinder cap can be unheated or heated externally to reduce condensation of steam entering the steam chamber from a steam generator fired by waste combustion heat. Steam remaining in the cylinder when a steam exhaust valve closes at the top center position is recompressed during an inward stroke of the piston up to admission pressure prior to admitting the next charge of steam. One valve or a pair of retractable steam inlet valves connected in series within the cylinder cap act in cooperation with steam recompression and clearance volume to achieve an effective zero steam chamber clearance and a gain in mean Rankine cycle temperature to maximize efficiency. The amount of steam admitted each outward stroke is continuously regulated, e.g. by shifting the phase of one steam admission valve of a pair to vary their overlap for determining the steam mass admitted during each cycle to reduce specific fuel consumption. Other valves balance steam displacement with the steam generator output to use steam more efficiently. Engine coolant can be evaporated in a combustion chamber cooling jacket to form steam which is then superheated in a combustion exhaust manifold.

A cylinder head adapted to be mounted to a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine has a cooling jacket at least partially integrated in the cylinder head. The engine has two groups of cylinders: inside cylinders and outside cylinders. Each cylinder has at least one exhaust port, each leading to an individual duct. Individual ducts of outside cylinders converge to form an outside combined duct. In a four-cylinder, individual ducts of inside cylinders converge to form an inside combined duct with the inside combined duct remaining separated from the outside combined duct by the cooling jacket. The inside combined duct is farther away from the mounting surface of the cylinder head to the cylinder block than the outside combined duct. The cooling jacket includes: upper, middle, and lower cooling jackets and connectors between the upper and lower cooling jackets.

The invention relates to a clean and high-efficiency production process for preparing xylose and L-arabinose and belongs to the field of application of wastes of agriculture and forestry. The production process comprises the following steps of: performing pretreatment on raw materials; hydrolyzing the raw materials in a high-temperature cooking mode; performing neutralizing treatment and performing centrifugal separation on solid slag to obtain xylose or xylooligosaccharide hydrolyzate; adding coarse enzyme solution into xylooligosaccharide solution to hydrolyze to obtain xylose solution; treating the hydrolyzate by Angle yeast; purifying by using active carbon and resin; performing recompression and concentration treatment on the purified hydrolyzate by using a mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) machine; crystallizing the concentrated solution in a gradient program cooling mode to obtain xylose products and xylose mother solution; separating the xylose mother solution by a simulated moving bed or a chromatographic separation technology to obtain a xylose phase and an L-arabinose phase; returning the xylose phase to the xylose solution to concentrate and recrystallize; reusing the xylose mother solution; performing MOVR concentration treatment on the L-arabinose phase and crystallizing in a gradient program cooling mode to obtain L-arabinose products; and reusing the L-arabinose mother solution.

This invention provides an energy saving air conditioning system having an improved dehumidifying ability by raising the temperature or enthalpy of a compressed superheated vapor of a refrigerant for the heat pump, thereby to increase the proportion of the sensible heat in the heat discharged in a high-temperature heat source of the heat pump, and then increased enthalpy is used to heat regeneration air to improve the dehumidifying capability of the desiccant. The system includes a desiccant 103 for dehumidifying process air, a heat pump 200 having a compressor 260 for supplying heat to regeneration air for regenerating the desiccant, by utilizing process air as a low temperature source 240 and regeneration air as a high temperature source 220, and the system is operated so as to heat the refrigerant flowing into the compressor in the heat pump with regeneration air after it has regenerated the desiccant, so that the temperature of the compressed refrigerant flowing into the compressor will be increased, and then the gained heat is transferred to the regeneration air to increase its temperature before regenerating the desiccant.

An ejector refrigerant cycle device includes a radiator for radiating heat of high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from a compressor, a branch portion for branching a flow of refrigerant on a downstream side of the radiator into a first stream and a second stream, an ejector that includes a nozzle portion for decompressing and expending refrigerant of the first stream from the branch portion, a decompression portion for decompressing and expanding refrigerant of the second stream from the branch portion, and an evaporator for evaporating refrigerant on a downstream side of the decompression portion. The evaporator has a refrigerant outlet coupled to the refrigerant suction port of the ejector. Furthermore, a refrigerant radiating portion is provided for radiating heat of refrigerant while the decompression portion decompresses and expands refrigerant. For example, the refrigerant radiating portion is provided in an inner heat exchanger.

The invention relates to a high-efficiency phase change energy storage microcapsule with a thermochromic function, and a preparation method thereof. The core of the microcapsule is a high-grade aliphatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, acid or lipid organic phase change material, and the wall of the microcapsule is a polymer formed by surface modified thermochromic powder and an organic polymer monomer. The preparation method of the microcapsule comprises the following steps: carrying out surface modifying treatment on the thermochromic powder with a coupling agent; mixing the surface modified thermochromic powder, the organic phase change material and the organic polymer monomer as an oil phase, and adopting an aqueous solution of a surfactant as a water phase; and adding the oil phase to the aqueous phase, and carrying out high speed emulsification and polymerization to form the high-efficiency phase change energy storage microcapsule with a thermochromic function. The preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation process, and easy control of the reaction process; and the material has the advantages of wide thermochromic temperature range, abundant color, high heat storage ability and long recycling life, and is hopeful to be applied in the fields of chromogenic indication, coatings and building materials.

A cylinder head adapted to be mounted to a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine has a cooling jacket at least partially integrated in the cylinder head. The engine has two groups of cylinders: inside cylinders and outside cylinders. Each cylinder has at least one exhaust port, each leading to an individual duct. Individual ducts of outside cylinders converge to form an outside combined duct. In a four-cylinder, individual ducts of inside cylinders converge to form an inside combined duct with the inside combined duct remaining separated from the outside combined duct by the cooling jacket. The inside combined duct is farther away from the mounting surface of the cylinder head to the cylinder block than the outside combined duct. The cooling jacket includes: upper, middle, and lower cooling jackets and connectors between the upper and lower cooling jackets.

A refrigerant cycle device includes a branch portion for branching a flow of refrigerant discharged from a compressor, a first radiator for radiating one high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant branched at the branch portion, an ejector including a nozzle portion for decompressing refrigerant on a downstream side of the first radiator, a second radiator for radiating the other high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant branched at the branch portion, a throttle device for decompressing refrigerant on a downstream side of the second radiator, and a suction side evaporator for evaporating refrigerant downstream of the throttle device and for allowing the refrigerant to flow to an upstream side of a refrigerant suction port of the ejector. Furthermore, the first and second radiators are disposed downstream of the branch portion such that a heat radiation amount of refrigerant in the first radiator is smaller than that in the second radiator.

A refrigerant cycle device includes a branch portion for branching a flow of refrigerant discharged from a compressor, a first radiator for radiating one high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant branched at the branch portion, an ejector including a nozzle portion for decompressing refrigerant on a downstream side of the first radiator, a second radiator for radiating the other high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant branched at the branch portion, a throttle device for decompressing refrigerant on a downstream side of the second radiator, and a suction side evaporator for evaporating refrigerant downstream of the throttle device and for allowing the refrigerant to flow to an upstream side of a refrigerant suction port of the ejector. Furthermore, the first and second radiators are disposed downstream of the branch portion such that a heat radiation amount of refrigerant in the first radiator is smaller than that in the second radiator.

The present invention is laminar flow plasma spraying equipment and method. A laminator flow plasma generator with different powder feeding modes, inside the gun or outside the gun and single port ormultiple ports, is used. While maintaining the laminar flow plasma jetting state in small power, air flow rate is increased to raise the heat efficiency of the jet. According to powder sort, materialproperty and particle size, proper jet energy and distribution and carrying air flow rate are selected to obtain high-quality coating. The present invention has les sintroduced impurity, high jet energy utilization, capacity of spraying high-smelting point coating at relatively low power condition, less oxidation of non-oxide coating and full heating of the powder material.

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage materials, in particular to an inorganic phase-changing energy storage material. The inorganic phase-changing energy storage material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 86 to 98.5 percent of inorganic materials, 0.5 to 3 percent of nucleating agents, 1 to 10 percent of thickening agents, and 0 to 1 percent of water. The obtained phase-changing energy storage material is low in price, good in recycling stability, capable of effectively solving the phase separation problem of the materials, and constant in potential heat value after being recycled for thousand times.

The invention discloses a phase-change microsphere as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The phase-change microsphere is mainly composed of an aerogel microsphere and a phase-changematerial, wherein the aerogel microsphere has a three-dimensional porous network structure; the phase-change material is uniformly distributed in the three-dimensional porous network structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking the aerogel microsphere as a template; immersing the aerogel microsphere into the molten-state phase-change material; melting and filling, and cooling and curing to obtain the phase-change microsphere. The phase-change microsphere disclosed by the invention has unique electric properties, resistance sudden changes, adjustable resistance, highheat enthalpy and good circulating stability; the phase-change microsphere has high sensitivity on heat when being applied to a hot flow stabilizer; the phase-change microsphere can have the resistance sudden changes by utilizing extremely low heat, so that a circuit is protected; the phase-change microsphere can have excellent heat sensitivity and resistance sudden change performance in high-frequency current, low-frequency current, constant current and alternating current / constant current cross-varying circuits and has a great application prospect.

The invention provides a heat pump system for heating a drying medium and recovering waste heat in a stepped mode. The heat pump system comprises a drying room, a drying medium flowing-in channel and a drying medium flowing-out channel, wherein the drying medium flowing-in channel and the drying medium flowing-out channel are communicated with the drying room. The heat pump system at least comprises two heat pump units. Each heat pump unit comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling valve and an evaporator. The condensers are arranged in the drying medium flowing-in channel. At least one evaporator is arranged in the drying medium flowing-out channel. The condensers in all the heat pump units are sequentially arranged in the drying medium flowing-in channel from an inlet to the drying room. The evaporators corresponding to all the heat pump units and located in the drying medium flowing-out channel are sequentially arranged from a drying medium flowing-out opening to the drying room. The temperature difference, the pressure difference and the compression ratio between the condensers and the evaporators of all the heat pump units are reduced, the energy efficiency ratio of each heat pump unit is increased, the energy efficiency ratio of the whole heat pump system is increased, and the working condition of a compressor unit is improved.

Embodiments presented herein provide an evaporation based zero liquid discharge method for generation of up to 100% quality high pressure steam from produced water in the heavy oil production industry. De-oiled water is processed in an evaporation system producing a distillate that allows steam to be generated with either drum-type boilers operating at higher pressures or once-through steam generators (OTSGs) operating at higher vaporization rates. Evaporator blowdown is treated in a forced-circulation evaporator to provide a zero liquid discharge system that could recycle>98% of the deoiled water for industrial use. Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide at least one “straight sump” evaporator and at least one hybrid external mist eliminator. Embodiments of the evaporation method operate at a higher overall efficiency than those of the prior art by producing distillate at a higher enthalpy which minimizes the high pressure boiler preheating requirement.

An arrangement is proposed for an exhaust gas turbo charger with a carrier housing. The exhaust gas turbo charger is attached to a bearing housing with the carrier housing by way of a fastening element such that the fastening element is oriented in a direction perpendicular to a shaft arranged within the bearing housing.

The invention discloses a metal coating with high bonding strength and high cohesion strength, as well as a thermal spraying method and application of the metal coating, and belongs to the technical field of material processing. The thermal spraying method comprises the following steps of forming compound structural powder by coating low-melting-point metal particles with high-melting-point metal; depositing a coating on the matrix surface by using the compound structural powder as thermal spraying powder by plasma or flame thermal spraying method to prepare the metal coating with high bonding strength and high cohesion strength. The metal coating with high bonding strength and high cohesion strength prepared by the method has high carrying capability due to the remarkably enhanced interface bonding, and the excellent abrasion resistance of the coating material can be achieved; since run-through pore does not exist, corrosive medium can be completely isolated and is prevented from reaching the coating and matrix interface from the coating surface, and the excellent corrosion resistance of the coating material can be achieved. The metal coating can be used as an alloy coating, and can also be used as a bonding layer or foundation layer of other coating materials.

The invention relates to a high-enthalpy bathing device which comprises a frame, and the frame is provided with an adiabatic housing; a heat-generating-and-transferring accommodation space is formed in the adiabatic housing; and the two ends of the accommodation space are respectively provide with an air intake port and an air exhaust port; starting from the air intake port to the air exhaust port, a centrifugal fan, an air bag, a flow equalizing plate, a fan-shaped nozzle, a transitional cavity and a fin-type electric hot plate set are successively arranged, wherein the wind bag is connected with the air outlet of the centrifugal fan; the flow equalizing plate is arranged in the air bag at the side facing the electric hot plate set; and the transitional cavity is arranged between the flow equalizing plate and the fin-type electric hot plate set. According to the invention, low-power thermal storage and high-intensity heat release are adopted, and in the earlier stage of heat release, the heat-release power reaches two times of the power of electric heating tubes, which ensures quick warming up and substantially reduces time for preheating air in the toilet; and heat release by means of ventilation and heat release by way of supply-water atomization and vaporization are carried out simultaneously, which increases the temperature and absolute humidity ratio of the toilet at the same time, and increases enthalpy content in the air, thereby improving the quality and comfort of bathing in winter; and the high-enthalpy bath disclosed by the invention can be widely applied and is easy to popularize.

The invention provides a low-temperature thermal control phase change microcapsule and a preparation method thereof. The low-temperature thermal control phase change microcapsule takes paraffin alkane as a core material and urea resin as a shell, and further comprises a heat conduction filler, the heat conduction filler is added in the process of coating the paraffin alkane by the urea resin, and the amount of the added heat conduction filler is 5%-30% that of the paraffin alkane. The low-temperature thermal control phase change microcapsule prepared by the invention is solid-solid phase change, the problems of fusion flowing and permeation migration are avoided, the range of phase change temperature is wide, the latent heat is large, the condensate depression is small, the phase change process is stable, the phase change is reversible, the material further has a higher heat conduction property, and as a relatively ideal thermal control phase change material, the low-temperature thermal control phase change microcapsule can be widely used in the fields of thermal protection, like aerospace, precise instruments, and electron devices.

The invention belongs to the field of micro-power electromechanical systems (MEMS), particularly relates to a micro parallel plate burner with a preheating channel. The micro parallel plate burner with a preheating channel consists of a parallel plate burning chamber, a preheating channel and a quartz shade, which are arranged from inside to outside, wherein the upper half section of the parallel plate burner is an oxy-hydrogen premixing zone; and the quartz shade is double-layered and internally vacuumized. Fuels and oxidant can be preheated before being mixed by the preheating channel, thereby more stable burning is realized; and the double-layered vacuumized quartz shade not only can make most of photons generated on the radiation surface of the burner pass through, but also play a heat insulation role, so that the whole transformation efficiency and the working performance of micro thermophotovoltaic systems are greatly improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a strawberry-like thermochromic energy storage material, comprising the steps of (1) mixing styrene, divinyl benzene, acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and paraffin, adding an emulsifier and an initiator, cooling, and centrifuging to obtain pure phase-change microspheres; (2) mixing a leuco body dye, an electronic acceptor compound and a solvent to form a mixture, heating the mixture, mixing well to obtain a solution, adding deionized water, tetraethyl orthosilicate, a silane coupling agent and an emulsifier, adding ammonia water under ultrasound to allow reacting, centrifuging, drying at low temperature to obtain thermochromic silicon capsule particles; (3) mixing the phase-change microspheres and the thermochromic silicon capsule particles to obtain a mixture, adding an emulsifier and a catalyst to allow reacting, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the strawberry-like thermochromic energy storage material. The strawberry-like thermochromic energy storage material has the advantages of high enthalpy, high thermosensitive response speed, irreversible color variation, cyclic repetitive color variation, good property stability and the like, can act as a novel intelligent material, and has a good application prospect in the fields, such as building, energy conservation, environmental protection, apparel, and medical services.

The invention provides a multi-stage compressor and a refrigerating system provided with the same. The multi-stage compressor comprises a plurality of stages of compression cavities, diffusers (40) and air supplying structures (50). An impeller is arranged in each stage of compression cavity. An air passing channel (20) is arranged between every two adjacent stages of compression cavities. Every two adjacent stages of compression cavities are divided into an upstream compression cavity (11) and a downstream compression cavity (12). The diffusers (40) are arranged in the air passing channels (20). The air supplying structures (50) are arranged on at least one air passing channel (20) and located between the diffusers (40) corresponding to the upstream compression cavities (11) and the downstream compression cavities (12), or the air supplying structures (50) are located in the diffusers (40). By the adoption of the technical scheme, the problems that in the prior art, a compressor is prone to operating unstably, the circulating efficiency of a refrigerating system is low, and pneumatic noise is high can be effectively solved.

Embodiments presented herein provide an evaporation based zero liquid discharge method for generation of up to 100% quality high pressure steam from produced water in the heavy oil production industry. De-oiled water is processed in an evaporation system producing a distillate that allows steam to be generated with either drum-type boilers operating at higher pressures or once-through steam generators (OTSGs) operating at higher vaporization rates. Evaporator blowdown is treated in a forced-circulation evaporator to provide a zero liquid discharge system that could recycle >98% of the deoiled water for industrial use. Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide at least one “straight sump” evaporator and at least one hybrid external mist eliminator. Embodiments of the evaporation method operate at a higher overall efficiency than those of the prior art by producing distillate at a higher enthalpy which minimizes the high pressure boiler preheating requirement.

The invention discloses a double-layer coating solid inorganic phase change material micro-capsule and a preparation method thereof. The double-layer coating solid inorganic phase change material micro-capsule is prepared from the following methods of: firstly, with polymethyl methacrylate as an inner layer wall material and the solid inorganic phase change material as a core material, preparing a single-layer coating solid inorganic phase change material micro-capsule by a phase separation method; and then with polystyrene as an outer layer wall material and the prepared single coating solid inorganic phase change material micro-capsule as the core material, preparing the double-layer coating solid inorganic phase change material micro-capsule by the phase separation or a solvent evaporation method. The double-layer coating solid inorganic phase change material micro-capsule is simple in preparation method, the phase change temperature can be adjusted between 30 DEG C and 60 DEG C, and the enthalpy of phase change is up to 150kJ / kg at the most; by the double-layer coating, the strength of the solid inorganic phase change material micro-capsule is effectively enhanced and the problems of percolation and corrosion of the core material solid inorganic phase change material are solved.

The invention relates to a system and a method for air supplying and enthalpy increasing for an air conditioner. The system comprises a refrigerant circulation loop composed of a compressor, a reversing valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and an indoor heat exchanger, wherein an evaporation device is connected to a main flow path between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger; an auxiliary flow path is led from the main flow path between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger; the auxiliary flow path carries out heat exchange with the main flow path through the evaporation device, and then is connected to the compressor; a throttling device is fixed at an inlet of the evaporation device of the auxiliary flow path; a temperature-sensing device is fixed at an outlet of the evaporation device of the auxiliary flow path; and a pressure-sensing device is fixed on an air return pipe of the compressor. According to the system and the method disclosed by the invention, a part of a refrigerant is led out from a supercooling device in case of an over-low pressure in the system, and the refrigerant in the auxiliary flow path is evaporated by the evaporation device and then injected to a low-pressure side of the system through adjustment of the throttling device, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the low pressure and the enthalpy value of the air-returned refrigerant. Thus, the efficiency of the compressor is improved.