A garden fire early warning system based on GIS Internet

Abstract

The invention discloses a garden fire early warning system based on GIS Internet, relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and comprises a terrain analysis unit, a node division unit, a fire judgment unit, an early warning classification unit and an early warning notification unit; the invention obtains garden distribution data from GIS Internet, calculates the fire spread coefficient according to terrain height data and vegetation distribution density data, and then delineates different monitoring areas according to the degree of fire spread, obtains real-time sensor data through a sensor group arranged at a monitoring node, generates a fire occurrence signal according to the real-time sensor data, calculates the fire spread rate in combination with the fire spread coefficient of the fire occurrence coordinates and real-time weather data, and arranges the monitoring nodes according to the distribution characteristics of the garden, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of monitoring while reducing the cost, accurately judging the fire spread rate when a fire occurs so as to take corresponding rescue measures, ensuring safety and being able to effectively regulate firefighting resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular to a garden fire early warning system based on GIS Internet. Background Art

[0002] GIS Internet is a new technology architecture that combines traditional geographic information systems with Internet technology to achieve the sharing, access and application of geographic spatial data. GIS Internet refers to the transmission and sharing of geographic information and map data through the Internet, which enables users in different locations to access maps, satellite images, spatial data and other content through browsers, and conduct online data query, analysis and visualization.

[0003] Most gardens are located in complex terrain with large undulations and relative height differences. Forest fires in such environments are easily affected by the terrain, spread quickly, and are not easy to detect in low-lying mountainous environments. Due to the influence of dense forests on mountainous ridges, the difficulty of forest fire rescue in such environments is also higher than that in plain gardens. Therefore, fire warnings in complex mountainous terrain areas affect the level of garden resource protection and the timeliness of rescue in such special environments. Traditional warning methods are highly adaptable to plains with gentle terrain or slopes with strong directionality. However, it is difficult to make effective fire warnings for the undulating landforms in complex mountainous terrain areas. In view of the above-mentioned technical defects, a solution is now proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to define different monitoring areas according to the degree of fire spread, and to generate fire occurrence signals based on real-time sensor data and real-time weather data, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of monitoring while reducing costs, and accurately judging the fire spread rate when a fire occurs so as to take corresponding rescue measures, thereby ensuring safety while being able to effectively regulate firefighting resources.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a garden fire warning system based on GIS Internet, comprising a terrain analysis unit, a node division unit, a fire judgment unit, a warning classification unit and a warning notification unit; The terrain analysis unit obtains garden distribution data from the GIS Internet, wherein the garden distribution data includes a distribution plane map, terrain height data, and vegetation distribution density data. The monitoring area to be demarcated is demarcated according to the distribution plane map, the monitoring area to be demarcated is grid-divided, and the fire spread coefficient is calculated according to the terrain height data and the vegetation distribution density data. The fire spread coefficient is converted into a gray value, and the gray value is assigned to the monitoring area to be demarcated to obtain a garden monitoring distribution map, which is sent to the node division unit; The node division unit obtains and processes the garden monitoring distribution map, demarcates different monitoring areas in the garden monitoring distribution map according to a preset fire monitoring and assessment range, wherein the monitoring areas include key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas, and ordinary monitoring areas, and marks monitoring nodes one by one in the key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas, and ordinary monitoring areas; The fire situation judgment unit includes obtaining real-time sensing data and real-time weather data through a sensor group arranged at a monitoring node, calculating and generating a fire occurrence coefficient according to the real-time sensing data, and judging the fire occurrence coefficient according to a preset fire judgment threshold to generate a fire occurrence signal; The early warning classification unit is used to obtain and process fire occurrence signals. The fire occurrence coordinates can be obtained based on the fire occurrence signals, and the fire spread rate is calculated based on the fire spread coefficient of the fire occurrence coordinates and real-time weather data. The fire spread rate is judged according to the preset spread judgment range to generate corresponding first-level early warning signals, second-level early warning signals and third-level early warning signals and send them to the early warning notification unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the early warning notification unit is used to obtain and process the first-level early warning signal, the second-level early warning signal and the third-level early warning signal, issue early warning prompts to the fire terminal, and issue different levels of fire task reminders to the fire terminal according to the first-level early warning signal, the second-level early warning signal and the third-level early warning signal.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific process of obtaining the garden monitoring distribution map is as follows: S101, obtaining terrain height data Hi and vegetation distribution density data ρ corresponding to the center position of each grid point in the monitoring area to be demarcated; S102. Calculate the fire spread coefficient Ui according to the following formula: , where e1 and e2 are preset weight coefficients, and the fire spread coefficient Ui is used to reflect the fire spread timeliness at each grid in the monitoring area to be demarcated. The larger the fire spread coefficient Ui is, the faster the fire spreads at the corresponding grid in the monitoring area to be demarcated. On the contrary, the smaller the fire spread coefficient Ui is, the slower the fire spreads at the corresponding grid in the monitoring area to be demarcated. S103, calculating the gray value Gr at each grid according to the preset proportionality coefficient d: , the monitoring area to be demarcated is assigned grayscale values ​​according to the corresponding grayscale values, and each grid point in the monitoring area to be demarcated is processed by color to obtain the garden monitoring distribution map.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific process of demarcating different monitoring areas within the garden monitoring distribution map is as follows: S201, obtaining a garden monitoring distribution map and a gray value Gr corresponding to each grid, and obtaining a preset fire monitoring assessment range [Gmin, Gmax]; S202: Determine the monitoring level required for the area where the grid is located according to the preset fire monitoring and assessment range: If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is less than or equal to Gmin, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a common monitoring area; If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is greater than Gmin and less than Gmax, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a normal monitoring area; If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is greater than or equal to Gmax, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a key monitoring area; S203. According to the above judgment results, the edge lines of the key monitoring area, the normal monitoring area and the ordinary monitoring area are marked one by one on the garden monitoring distribution map to obtain a plane distribution map of each monitoring area, so as to realize the division of different monitoring areas.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific process of marking monitoring nodes one by one is as follows: S301, respectively obtain the plane distribution maps of the key monitoring area, the normal monitoring area and the ordinary monitoring area, calculate the number of grid points in each monitoring area, and calculate the plane area S of each monitoring area according to the preset grid ratio; S302: Monitoring density indexes C1, C2 and C3 are set for key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas and ordinary monitoring areas respectively, and the number of corresponding monitoring nodes Mk in each monitoring area is calculated according to the following formula: , where i=1, 2, 3, and r is the effective monitoring radius of the monitoring node; S303, dividing each monitoring area into Mk monitoring sub-areas according to the area division method, and marking the center position in the monitoring sub-area as a monitoring node, while obtaining the coordinate position of each monitoring node, and setting a sensor group at the monitoring node.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific process of generating a fire occurrence signal is as follows: S401, acquiring and processing real-time sensor data, the sensor group including a smoke detection sensor, a carbon dioxide detection sensor and a temperature sensor, and the real-time sensor data including smoke concentration data, carbon dioxide concentration data and temperature data; S402, obtain the smoke concentration change curve S(t) and the carbon dioxide concentration change curve CO(t) at the monitoring node within the time Δt, and calculate the fire transmission coefficient D according to the following formula: , where Δt=t2-t1, where S 0 (t) is the preset standard smoke concentration change curve, CO 0(t) is a preset standard carbon dioxide concentration change curve, wherein T0 is real-time temperature data, wherein α and β are preset weight coefficients, and α and β are both less than 1; S403: Obtain a preset fire judgment threshold. If the fire occurrence coefficient is greater than or equal to the fire judgment threshold, generate a fire occurrence signal. The fire occurrence signal includes the location coordinates of the monitoring node, that is, the fire occurrence coordinates.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific process of generating the first-level warning signal, the second-level warning signal and the third-level warning signal is as follows: S501, obtaining a fire spread coefficient D and real-time weather data at the fire occurrence coordinates, wherein the real-time weather data includes a wind speed S and a real-time air humidity W; S502: Regularly monitor the litter at each monitoring node to obtain the litter thickness H and the water content W0 of the litter, and calculate the fire spread rate R based on the Rotherme model: , where d is the preset proportional coefficient, and the fire spread rate R is used to reflect the spread speed of the fire in the current garden environment. The larger the fire spread rate R, the faster the fire spreads under the current garden environment and weather conditions. On the contrary, the smaller the fire spread rate R, the slower the fire spreads under the current garden environment and weather conditions. S503, obtaining a preset spread judgment range (Rmin, Rmax), and if the fire spread rate R is less than or equal to Rmin, generating a first-level warning signal; If the fire spread rate R is greater than Rmin and less than Rmax, a secondary warning signal is generated; If the fire spread rate R is greater than or equal to Rmax, a level 3 warning signal is generated.

[0012] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The garden fire early warning system based on GIS Internet obtains garden distribution data from GIS Internet, calculates the fire spread coefficient according to terrain height data and vegetation distribution density data, and then delineates different monitoring areas according to the degree of fire spread. Real-time sensor data is obtained through the sensor group set at the monitoring node, and a fire occurrence signal is generated based on the real-time sensor data and real-time weather data. The fire spread rate is calculated in combination with the fire spread coefficient of the fire occurrence coordinates and the real-time weather data, so as to generate a first-level warning signal, a second-level warning signal and a third-level warning signal for early warning notification. The monitoring nodes are set according to the distribution characteristics of the garden, which not only ensures the effectiveness of monitoring but also reduces costs. When a fire occurs, the fire spread rate can be accurately judged to take corresponding rescue measures, ensuring safety while effectively regulating firefighting resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The overall structural diagram of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, a garden fire warning system based on GIS Internet includes a terrain analysis unit, a node division unit, a fire judgment unit, a warning classification unit and a warning notification unit; The terrain analysis unit obtains garden distribution data from the GIS Internet. The garden distribution data includes a distribution plane map, terrain height data, and vegetation distribution density data. The monitoring area to be demarcated is demarcated according to the distribution plane map, and the monitoring area to be demarcated is grid-divided. The fire spread coefficient is calculated according to the terrain height data and the vegetation distribution density data, and the fire spread coefficient is converted into a gray value to assign a value to the monitoring area to be demarcated to obtain a garden monitoring distribution map, which is sent to the node division unit; The specific process of obtaining the garden monitoring distribution map is as follows: S101, obtaining terrain height data Hi and vegetation distribution density data ρ corresponding to the center position of each grid point in the monitoring area to be demarcated; S102. Calculate the fire spread coefficient Ui according to the following formula: , where e1 and e2 are preset weight coefficients, and the fire spread coefficient Ui is used to reflect the fire spread timeliness at each grid in the monitoring area to be demarcated. The larger the fire spread coefficient Ui is, the faster the fire spreads at the corresponding grid in the monitoring area to be demarcated. On the contrary, the smaller the fire spread coefficient Ui is, the slower the fire spreads at the corresponding grid in the monitoring area to be demarcated. S103, calculating the gray value Gr at each grid according to the preset proportionality coefficient d: , the monitoring area to be demarcated is assigned grayscale values ​​according to the corresponding grayscale values, and each grid point in the monitoring area to be demarcated is processed by color to obtain the garden monitoring distribution map.

[0016] The node division unit obtains and processes the garden monitoring distribution map, and demarcates different monitoring areas in the garden monitoring distribution map according to the preset fire monitoring and assessment range. The monitoring areas include key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas, and ordinary monitoring areas, and marks the monitoring nodes one by one in the key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas, and ordinary monitoring areas; The specific process of demarcating different monitoring areas within the garden monitoring distribution map is as follows: S201, obtaining a garden monitoring distribution map and a gray value Gr corresponding to each grid, and obtaining a preset fire monitoring assessment range [Gmin, Gmax]; S202: Determine the monitoring level required for the area where the grid is located according to the preset fire monitoring and assessment range: If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is less than or equal to Gmin, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a common monitoring area; If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is greater than Gmin and less than Gmax, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a normal monitoring area; If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is greater than or equal to Gmax, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a key monitoring area; S203. According to the above judgment results, the edge lines of the key monitoring area, the normal monitoring area and the ordinary monitoring area are marked one by one on the garden monitoring distribution map to obtain a plane distribution map of each monitoring area, so as to realize the division of different monitoring areas.

[0017] The specific process of marking monitoring nodes one by one is as follows: S301, respectively obtain the plane distribution maps of the key monitoring area, the normal monitoring area and the ordinary monitoring area, calculate the number of grid points in each monitoring area, and calculate the plane area S of each monitoring area according to the preset grid ratio; S302: Monitoring density indexes C1, C2 and C3 are set for key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas and ordinary monitoring areas respectively, and the number of corresponding monitoring nodes Mk in each monitoring area is calculated according to the following formula: , where i=1, 2, 3, and r is the effective monitoring radius of the monitoring node; S303, dividing each monitoring area into Mk monitoring sub-areas according to the area division method, and marking the center position in the monitoring sub-area as a monitoring node, while obtaining the coordinate position of each monitoring node, and setting a sensor group at the monitoring node.

[0018] The fire situation judgment unit includes obtaining real-time sensing data and real-time weather data through a sensor group arranged at a monitoring node, calculating and generating a fire occurrence coefficient according to the real-time sensing data, and judging the fire occurrence coefficient according to a preset fire judgment threshold to generate a fire occurrence signal; The specific process of generating a fire occurrence signal is as follows: S401, acquiring and processing real-time sensor data, the sensor group includes a smoke detection sensor, a carbon dioxide detection sensor and a temperature sensor, and the real-time sensor data includes smoke concentration data, carbon dioxide concentration data and temperature data; S402, obtain the smoke concentration change curve S(t) and the carbon dioxide concentration change curve CO(t) at the monitoring node within the time Δt, and calculate the fire transmission coefficient D according to the following formula: , where Δt=t2-t1, where S 0 (t) is the preset standard smoke concentration change curve, CO 0 (t) is a preset standard carbon dioxide concentration change curve, wherein T0 is real-time temperature data, wherein α and β are preset weight coefficients, and α and β are both less than 1; S403: Obtain a preset fire judgment threshold. If the fire occurrence coefficient is greater than or equal to the fire judgment threshold, generate a fire occurrence signal. The fire occurrence signal includes the location coordinates of the monitoring node, that is, the fire occurrence coordinates.

[0019] The early warning classification unit is used to obtain and process fire occurrence signals. The fire occurrence coordinates can be obtained based on the fire occurrence signals, and the fire spread rate is calculated based on the fire spread coefficient of the fire occurrence coordinates and real-time weather data. The fire spread rate is judged according to the preset spread judgment range to generate corresponding first-level early warning signals, second-level early warning signals and third-level early warning signals and send them to the early warning notification unit.

[0020] The specific process of generating the first-level warning signal, the second-level warning signal and the third-level warning signal is as follows: S501, obtaining the fire spread coefficient D and real-time weather data at the fire occurrence coordinates, the real-time weather data including wind speed S and real-time air humidity W; S502: Regularly monitor the litter at each monitoring node to obtain the litter thickness H and the water content W0 of the litter, and calculate the fire spread rate R based on the Rotherme model: , where d is the preset proportional coefficient, and the fire spread rate R is used to reflect the spread speed of the fire in the current garden environment. The larger the fire spread rate R, the faster the fire spreads under the current garden environment and weather conditions. On the contrary, the smaller the fire spread rate R, the slower the fire spreads under the current garden environment and weather conditions. S503, obtaining a preset spread judgment range (Rmin, Rmax), and if the fire spread rate R is less than or equal to Rmin, generating a first-level warning signal; If the fire spread rate R is greater than Rmin and less than Rmax, a secondary warning signal is generated; If the fire spread rate R is greater than or equal to Rmax, a level 3 warning signal is generated.

[0021] The early warning notification unit is used to obtain and process the first-level early warning signal, the second-level early warning signal and the third-level early warning signal, send early warning prompts to the fire terminal, and send different levels of fire task reminders to the fire terminal according to the first-level early warning signal, the second-level early warning signal and the third-level early warning signal.

[0022] The present invention obtains garden distribution data from the GIS Internet, calculates the fire spread coefficient according to the terrain height data and the vegetation distribution density data, and then delineates different monitoring areas according to the degree of fire spread, obtains real-time sensor data through a sensor group arranged at the monitoring node, generates a fire occurrence signal according to the real-time sensor data and the real-time weather data, calculates the fire spread rate in combination with the fire spread coefficient of the fire occurrence coordinates and the real-time weather data, and generates a first-level warning signal, a second-level warning signal and a third-level warning signal for corresponding warning notification, and sets the monitoring nodes according to the distribution characteristics of the garden, which not only ensures the effectiveness of monitoring but also reduces the cost, and accurately judges the fire spread rate when a fire occurs so as to take corresponding rescue measures, thereby ensuring safety and being able to effectively regulate firefighting resources.

[0023] The size of the interval and threshold is set to facilitate comparison. The size of the threshold depends on the amount of sample data and the number of bases set by technical personnel in this field for each group of sample data; as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantized value.

[0024] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions. The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garden fire warning system based on GIS Internet, characterized in that: It includes terrain analysis unit, node division unit, fire situation judgment unit, warning classification unit and warning notification unit; The terrain analysis unit obtains garden distribution data from the GIS Internet, wherein the garden distribution data includes a distribution plane map, terrain height data, and vegetation distribution density data. The monitoring area to be demarcated is demarcated according to the distribution plane map, the monitoring area to be demarcated is grid-divided, and the fire spread coefficient is calculated according to the terrain height data and the vegetation distribution density data. The fire spread coefficient is converted into a gray value, and the gray value is assigned to the monitoring area to be demarcated to obtain a garden monitoring distribution map, which is sent to the node division unit; The node division unit obtains and processes the garden monitoring distribution map, demarcates different monitoring areas in the garden monitoring distribution map according to a preset fire monitoring and assessment range, wherein the monitoring areas include key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas, and ordinary monitoring areas, and marks monitoring nodes one by one in the key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas, and ordinary monitoring areas; The fire situation judgment unit includes obtaining real-time sensing data and real-time weather data through a sensor group arranged at a monitoring node, calculating and generating a fire occurrence coefficient according to the real-time sensing data, and judging the fire occurrence coefficient according to a preset fire judgment threshold to generate a fire occurrence signal; The early warning classification unit is used to obtain and process fire occurrence signals. The fire occurrence coordinates can be obtained according to the fire occurrence signals. The fire spread rate is calculated by combining the fire spread coefficient at the fire occurrence coordinates and real-time weather data. The fire spread rate is judged according to the preset spread judgment range to generate a first-level early warning signal, a second-level early warning signal and a third-level early warning signal and send them to the early warning notification unit. The early warning notification unit is used to obtain and process the first-level early warning signal, the second-level early warning signal and the third-level early warning signal, send early warning prompts to the fire terminal, and send different levels of fire task reminders to the fire terminal according to the first-level early warning signal, the second-level early warning signal and the third-level early warning signal.

2. A GIS Internet-based garden fire early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of obtaining the garden monitoring distribution map is as follows: S101, obtaining terrain height data Hi and vegetation distribution density data ρ corresponding to the center position of each grid point in the monitoring area to be demarcated; S102. Calculate the fire spread coefficient Ui according to the following formula: , where e1 and e2 are preset weight coefficients, and the fire spread coefficient Ui is used to reflect the fire spread timeliness at each grid in the monitoring area to be demarcated; S103, calculating the gray value Gr at each grid according to the preset proportionality coefficient d: , the monitoring area to be demarcated is assigned grayscale values ​​according to the corresponding grayscale values, and each grid point in the monitoring area to be demarcated is processed by color to obtain the garden monitoring distribution map.

3. A GIS Internet-based garden fire early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of demarcating different monitoring areas within the garden monitoring distribution map is as follows: S201, obtaining a garden monitoring distribution map and a gray value Gr corresponding to each grid, and obtaining a preset fire monitoring assessment range [Gmin, Gmax]; S202: Determine the monitoring level required for the area where the grid is located according to the preset fire monitoring and assessment range: If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is less than or equal to Gmin, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a common monitoring area; If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is greater than Gmin and less than Gmax, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a normal monitoring area; If the gray value Gr corresponding to the grid is greater than or equal to Gmax, the garden distribution area corresponding to the grid is marked as a key monitoring area; S203. According to the above judgment results, the edge lines of the key monitoring area, the normal monitoring area and the ordinary monitoring area are marked one by one on the garden monitoring distribution map to obtain a plane distribution map of each monitoring area, so as to realize the division of different monitoring areas.

4. A GIS Internet-based garden fire early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of marking monitoring nodes one by one is as follows: S301, respectively obtain the plane distribution maps of the key monitoring area, the normal monitoring area and the ordinary monitoring area, calculate the number of grid points in each monitoring area, and calculate the plane area S of each monitoring area according to the preset grid ratio; S302: Monitoring density indexes C1, C2 and C3 are set for key monitoring areas, normal monitoring areas and ordinary monitoring areas respectively, and the number of corresponding monitoring nodes Mk in each monitoring area is calculated according to the following formula: , where i=1, 2, 3, and r is the effective monitoring radius of the monitoring node; S303, dividing each monitoring area into Mk monitoring sub-areas according to the area division method, and marking the center position in the monitoring sub-area as a monitoring node, while obtaining the coordinate position of each monitoring node, and setting a sensor group at the monitoring node.

5. The GIS Internet-based garden fire early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process of generating a fire occurrence signal is as follows: S401, acquiring and processing real-time sensor data, the sensor group including a smoke detection sensor, a carbon dioxide detection sensor and a temperature sensor, and the real-time sensor data including smoke concentration data, carbon dioxide concentration data and temperature data; S402, obtain the smoke concentration change curve S(t) and the carbon dioxide concentration change curve CO(t) at the monitoring node within the time Δt, and calculate the fire transmission coefficient D according to the following formula: , where Δt=t2-t1, where S0(t) is the preset standard smoke concentration change curve, CO0(t) is the preset standard carbon dioxide concentration change curve, where T0 is the real-time temperature data, where α and β are the preset weight coefficients, and α and β are both less than 1; S403: Obtain a preset fire judgment threshold. If the fire occurrence coefficient is greater than or equal to the fire judgment threshold, generate a fire occurrence signal. The fire occurrence signal includes the location coordinates of the monitoring node, that is, the fire occurrence coordinates.

6. The GIS Internet-based garden fire early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific process of generating the first-level warning signal, the second-level warning signal and the third-level warning signal is as follows: S501, obtaining a fire spread coefficient D and real-time weather data at the fire occurrence coordinates, wherein the real-time weather data includes a wind speed S and a real-time air humidity W; S502: Regularly monitor the litter at each monitoring node to obtain the litter thickness H and the water content W0 of the litter, and calculate the fire spread rate R based on the Rotherme model: , where d is the preset proportional coefficient, and the fire spread rate R is used to reflect the spread speed of the fire in the current garden environment; S503, obtaining a preset spread judgment range (Rmin, Rmax), and if the fire spread rate R is less than or equal to Rmin, generating a first-level warning signal; If the fire spread rate R is greater than Rmin and less than Rmax, a secondary warning signal is generated; If the fire spread rate R is greater than or equal to Rmax, a level 3 warning signal is generated.

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