Communication method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a communication method and device. The method comprises the following steps: determining a first frequency domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; performing single-carrier modulation on a symbol borne by the PBCH based on the third frequency domain resource position to obtain a PBCH signal, wherein the single-carrier modulation comprises performing the same frequency domain spectrum shaping (FDSS) processing on a common part of the first frequency domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency domain resource position of the SSS and the third frequency domain resource position of the PBCH signal; according to the method and the device, the synchronization signal block SSB with a relatively low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) can be obtained, and the SSB comprises the PBCH signal modulated by adopting a single carrier, so that the transmitting power of the SSB is improved, and the coverage range of a cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus. Background Art

[0002] A user equipment (UE) can communicate with a network device only after accessing a cell. To access the cell, the UE needs to perform cell search (wherein, the cell search includes: signal synchronization processing, etc.) so as to demodulate downlink signals and transmit uplink signals with precise timing subsequently.

[0003] Two specially designed synchronization signals are used during signal synchronization processing, namely the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The network device broadcasts the above synchronization signals on each cell. If the UE detects the above two synchronization signals, the time and frequency of the network device and the UE are synchronized. In addition, during the initial synchronization process, the UE also decodes the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) to obtain key system parameters for better communication with the network device.

[0004] In a 5G mobile communication system, the synchronization signal and the PBCH signal are sent together to form an SS / PBCH block, simply referred to as a synchronization signal block (SSB). In addition, the PSS, SSS, and PBCH all adopt orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. As Figure 1As shown, when the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) is 0.01, the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal carrying quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbols and the synchronization signal block (SSS) is approximately 6.6 decibels (dB). An excessively high PAPR of a signal can cause many problems. For example, if the peak power of the signal is not set correctly, the signal will enter the non-linear operating region of the power amplifier (PA), resulting in signal and spectrum spreading or spectrum regeneration. Spectrum regeneration can cause interference between subcarriers, leading to an increase in the bit error rate. To avoid or mitigate these problems, in practical applications, generally, PA input power back-off or output power back-off is performed. However, for SSB, PA input power back-off or PA output power back-off will reduce the cell coverage range.

[0005] It can be obtained from Figure 1 that the discrete fourier transform-spreading-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) signal has a lower PAPR than the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal. This is because the DFT-s-OFDM modulation performs a discrete fourier transform (DFT) process compared to the OFDM modulation, making the DFT-s-OFDM signal have the characteristics of a single-carrier signal. Generally, the PAPR of a single-carrier signal is lower than that of a multi-carrier signal represented by OFDM. To make the SSB have a lower PAPR, achieve high-power SSB transmission, and improve the cell coverage range, in the next-generation communication system, some signals in the SSB, such as the PBCH signal, may be changed to single-carrier modulation. How to design a low-PAPR SSB (where some or all of the signals in the SSB are modulated by single-carrier) is a technical problem that those skilled in the art are solving. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application proposes a communication method and device that can obtain a synchronization signal block (SSB) with a lower peak to average power ratio (PAPR). The SSB includes a PBCH signal modulated by single-carrier, thereby improving the SSB transmission power and the cell coverage range.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. This method can be applied to a network device, including being executable by the network device, or by components in the network device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or can also be executed by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the network device. The method includes: determining a first frequency-domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency-domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency-domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal, where the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal; and outputting the PBCH signal.

[0008] Optionally, performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal can be understood as the network device multiplying the frequency-domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient. That is to say, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are the same, or in other words, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the bandwidths corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, the bandwidths corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, and the bandwidths corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same, or the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0009] Optionally, the network device can also output the PSS and the SSS.

[0010] Optionally, the PAPR of the PSS / SSS is not higher than (including less than and equal to) the PAPR of the PBCH signal. Since the PBCH signal uses single-carrier modulation and has a low PAPR. With this PAPR constraint on the PSS / SSS, it can ensure that the SSB as a whole has a low PAPR, thereby increasing the SSB transmission power and improving the cell coverage range.

[0011] In the above method, by introducing FDSS processing in single-carrier modulation, the PAPR of the PBCH signal can be further reduced. Additionally, by performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the frequency-domain resources occupied by the PSS, PBCH, and SSS respectively, the PSS can be used as the demodulation reference signal DMRS for the SSS / PBCH, or the PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS for the PBCH. Optionally, some time-frequency resources can be used without transmitting dedicated PBCH DMRS at this time, reducing the overhead (in 5G NR, the overhead of PBCH DMRS is approximately 15%). Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used for the PBCH signal to carry more information.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, or, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0013] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, including: the frequency-domain resources of the PSS are a part of the frequency-domain resources of the SSS.

[0014] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, including: the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are a part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0015] In another possible implementation, performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal includes: multiplying the frequency-domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient.

[0016] In yet another possible implementation, if the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is PBCH DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes PBCH DMRS.

[0017] In the above method, since the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS / SSS is smaller than the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal, it is impossible to obtain channel estimates at all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal based on the PSS / SSS, which degrades the demodulation performance of the PBCH signal. To obtain channel estimates at all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and ensure the demodulation performance of the PBCH signal, some additional time-frequency resources can be used to transmit PBCH DMRS. It can be that the PBCH signal includes PBCH DMRS, that is, the PBCH signal carries not only data symbols but also PBCH DMRS. The PBCH DMRS and the data symbols carried by the PBCH are multiplexed in a before DFT (pre-DFT) manner, that is, a part of the DFT input is PBCH DMRS and a part is the data symbols carried by the PBCH. The PBCH DMRS can also occupy a single symbol in the time domain, and the bandwidth of the PBCH DMRS is the same as the bandwidth of the PBCH signal. The PBCH DMRS may adopt distributed mapping in the frequency domain, that is, some frequency points within the bandwidth are used to place the PBCH DMRS (these used frequency points are called the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS), while the remaining frequency points are vacant. At this time, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS. In addition, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, ensuring that the channel estimates obtained from the received PBCH DMRS can be used for PBCH signal demodulation.

[0018] In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes: determining the PSS bandwidth scaling factor, the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0019] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0020] In the above method, bandwidth expansion or bandwidth compression is performed through this bandwidth scaling factor. The bandwidth scaling factor determines the bandwidth resource utilization efficiency or spectral efficiency. The cost of bandwidth expansion is a reduction in spectral efficiency, but the signal can achieve a lower PAPR and enable high-power transmission, greatly improving the cell coverage range. Bandwidth compression improves spectral efficiency, but the signal may be worse in terms of PAPR compared to without compression. In practical applications, the selection of bandwidth expansion or compression and the specific value of the bandwidth scaling factor are determined according to the SSB PAPR requirements. If the current SSB PAPR already meets the requirements and a certain degree of bandwidth compression will not cause a significant deterioration in PAPR, a bandwidth compression operation may be performed at this time to improve spectral efficiency.

[0021] In addition, it should be understood that under a given bandwidth scaling factor, different bandwidth expansion or compression methods will also affect the signal PAPR.

[0022] In yet another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying QPSK modulation or π / 2-binary phase shift keying BPSK modulation.

[0023] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK modulation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0024] In the above method, when the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, this design method is simple and only one value of the bandwidth scaling factor needs to be set. By the two design methods that the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, it can be made that under the constraint that the PAPR of PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal, the design of the PSS / SSS signal can be more flexible. For example, OFDM modulation can be adopted for PSS / SSS.

[0025] In another possible implementation manner, when the symbols carried by the PBCH adopt π / 2-BPSK modulation, the PSS and / or the SSS adopt π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation, that is, the PSS and / or the SSS adopt single-carrier modulation, and the carried symbols are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0026] In another possible implementation manner, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0027] In the above method, through the above manner, it can be made that the PSS serves as the DMRS of the SSS / PBCH signal, and the SSS serves as the DMRS of the PBCH signal. Optionally, at this time, some time-frequency resources can be used without transmitting dedicated PBCH DMRS, reducing the overhead. Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used for the PBCH signal to carry more information.

[0028] In another possible implementation manner, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0029] In another possible implementation manner, the method further includes: performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS.

[0030] Optionally, the amplitude scaling can be power adjustment, for example, it can include power boost or power reduction.

[0031] In the above method, through the above manner, under the requirements of the maximum transmit power and the cell coverage range, the powers of the PSS, SSS, and PBCH signals can be optimized, which is beneficial to improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0032] In yet another possible implementation, scaling the amplitude of the symbols carried by the PBCH, scaling the amplitude of the symbols carried by the PSS, or scaling the amplitude of the symbols carried by the SSS includes: multiplying the symbols carried by the PBCH by a PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; multiplying the symbols carried by the PSS by a PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or multiplying the symbols carried by the SSS by an SSS amplitude scaling factor p Sss .

[0033] Optionally, the amplitude scaling factor can also be referred to as a power adjustment factor and is used for adjusting the transmission power.

[0034] In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes: sending indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or the indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship of the p PSS , the p SSS and the p PBCH among the three.

[0035] In the above manner, the PSS can be used as the DMRS of the SSS / PBCH, and the SSS can be used as the DMRS of the PBCH signal. Correspondingly, the channel estimation obtained by the terminal device from the PSS can be used for demodulating the SSS / PBCH, or the channel estimation obtained by the terminal from the SSS can be used for demodulating the PBCH. Optionally, some time-frequency resources can be used to transmit dedicated PBCH DMRS at this time, reducing the overhead. Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used for the PBCH signal to carry more information.

[0036] Second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a terminal device, including being executable by the terminal device, or by components in the terminal device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or can also be executed by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the terminal device. The method includes: receiving a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), where the SSB includes: a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) signal; determining a first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, a second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and a third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same Frequency-Domain Spectrum Shaping (FDSS) processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal. In a possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resource of the SSS includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS, or, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS.

[0037] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resource of the SSS includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS, including: the frequency-domain resource of the PSS is a part of the frequency-domain resource of the SSS.

[0038] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS, including: the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS is a part of the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal.

[0039] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes the PBCH DMRS.

[0040] In yet another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation or π / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation.

[0041] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK modulation, the Physical Synchronization Signal (PSS) bandwidth scaling factor and the Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; alternatively, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0042] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK modulation, the PSS and / or the SSS use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation, that is, the PSS and / or the SSS use single-carrier modulation, and the symbols carried are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0043] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0044] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0045] In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS , and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or, the indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship of the p PSS , the p SSS , and the p PBCH among the three.

[0046] Regarding the technical effects brought by the second aspect or possible implementations, reference can be made to the introduction of the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding embodiments.

[0047] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which may be a network device, a component in a network device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or may also be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of a network device, including: a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The processing unit is configured to determine a first frequency-domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency-domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency-domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; the processing unit is further configured to perform single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on a common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal; the transceiver unit is configured to output the PBCH signal.

[0048] In a possible implementation manner, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, or, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0049] In another possible implementation manner, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS are a part of the frequency-domain resources of the SSS.

[0050] In another possible implementation manner, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are a part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0051] In another possible implementation manner, the processing unit is configured to multiply the frequency-domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient.

[0052] In yet another possible implementation, if the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and when there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes the PBCH DMRS.

[0053] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to determine the PSS bandwidth scaling factor, the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0054] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0055] In yet another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying QPSK or π / 2-binary phase shift keying BPSK.

[0056] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0057] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation, that is, the PSS and / or the SSS use single-carrier modulation, and the symbols carried are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0058] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0059] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0060] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS.

[0061] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit is configured to multiply the symbols carried by the PBCH by a PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; multiply the symbols carried by the PSS by a PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or multiply the symbols carried by the SSS by an SSS amplitude scaling factor p Sss .

[0062] In yet another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to send indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p Pss , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p ssS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or the indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship of the p PSS , the p SSS and the p PBCH among the three.

[0063] Regarding the technical effects brought by the third aspect or possible implementations, reference may be made to the introduction of the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding embodiments.

[0064] Fourthly, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which may be a terminal device, a component in the terminal device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or may also be a logical module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the terminal device. It includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The transceiver unit is used to receive a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), and the SSB includes: a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) signal. The processing unit is used to determine a first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, a second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and a third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal. The PBCH signal is obtained by performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position. The single-carrier modulation includes performing the same Frequency-Domain Spectrum Shaping (FDSS) processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, or the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0066] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency-domain resources of the SSS.

[0067] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0068] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes the PBCH DMRS.

[0069] In yet another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation or π / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation.

[0070] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK modulation, the Physical Synchronization Signal (PSS) bandwidth scaling factor and the Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0071] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK modulation, the PSS and / or the SSS use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation, that is, the PSS and / or the SSS use single-carrier modulation, and the symbols carried are π / 2-BPSK symbols.

[0072] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0073] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0074] In yet another possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSs , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p sss and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or, the indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship of the p PSS , the p SSS and the p PBCH among the three.

[0075] Regarding the technical effects brought by the fourth aspect or possible implementation, reference may be made to the introduction of the technical effects of the second aspect or the corresponding implementation.

[0076] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes at least one processor and a communication interface, and the at least one processor calls a computer program or instruction stored in a memory to execute the method described in the first aspect or possible implementations in the first aspect.

[0077] Sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes at least one processor and a communication interface. The at least one processor calls a computer program or instruction stored in a memory to execute the method described in the second aspect or possible implementation manners of the second aspect above.

[0078] Seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip device, which includes at least one processor. The at least one processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction to implement the method described in any of the above aspects.

[0079] Eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction runs on a processor, it implements the method described in any of the above aspects.

[0080] Ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction runs on a computer, it implements the method described in any of the above aspects.

[0081] Tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes: the device described in the fifth aspect and the device described in the sixth aspect. Description of the Drawings

[0082] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of PAPR comparison provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the SSB structure in 5G NR;

[0085] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping on the PBCH in 5G NR;

[0086] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of an OFDM system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a single-carrier frequency-domain equalization system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the frequency response under different roll-off factors provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram for understanding time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation from the frequency-domain dimension provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 10 It is a QPSK modulation symbol trajectory diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Figure 11 It is one provided by an embodiment of the present application modulation symbol trajectory diagram;

[0093] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the DFT-s-OFDM FDSS implementation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] Figure 13 It is one provided by an embodiment of the present application schematic diagram of the PAPR of the signal;

[0095] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of Case 1 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of Case 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of Case 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of PBCH DMRS provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram that PBCH data and PBCH DMRS jointly occupy one PBCH symbol provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] Figure 20 It is the PAPR of PSS / SSS under two designs provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] Figure 21 It is the PAPR of PSS / SSS under another two designs provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the PBCH demodulation process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] Figure 23 It is a schematic diagram of the CFR of the PSS in Case 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] Figure 24 It is a schematic diagram of the FDSS of the PSS in Case 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] Figure 25 It is a schematic diagram of the CFR of the PSS in Case 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] Figure 26 It is a schematic diagram of the FDSS of the PSS in Case 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] Figure 27 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] Figure 28 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0110] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0111] In the present application, the reference to "an embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. means that in one or more embodiments of the present application, specific features, structures or characteristics described in combination with that embodiment are included. Thus, the statements "in an embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other some embodiments", "in still other embodiments" etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in another way. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variants all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in another way.

[0112] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this text is merely a relational expression describing associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. In addition, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural item(s). For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a, b, and c. Here, a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0113] It can be understood that in this application, "indicate" can include direct indication, indirect indication, display indication, and implicit indication. When it is described that a certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can be understood that this indication information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A.

[0114] In this application, the information indicated by the indication information is called the information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated. For example, but not limited to, it can directly indicate the information to be indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated, etc., or it can indirectly indicate the information to be indicated by indicating other information, where there is an association relationship between this other information and the information to be indicated. It can also only indicate a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or pre-agreed. For example, it can also rely on the arrangement order of each piece of information pre-agreed (such as stipulated by the protocol) to achieve the indication of specific information, thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent.

[0115] The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole, or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately, and the sending periods and / or sending timings of these sub-information can be the same or different. The specific sending method is not limited in this application. Among them, the sending periods and / or sending timings of these sub-information can be predefined, such as predefined according to the protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device.

[0116] It can be understood that "sending" and "receiving" in this application represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, "sending a message to XX" can be understood as the destination of the message being XX, which may include directly sending through the air interface, or indirectly sending through other units or modules via the air interface. "Receiving a message from YY" can be understood as the source of the message being YY, which may include directly receiving from YY through the air interface, or indirectly receiving from YY through other units or modules via the air interface. "Sending" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface.

[0117] In other words, sending and receiving can be carried out between devices. For example, between a network device and a terminal device, or can also be carried out within a device. For example, sending or receiving between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within a device through a bus, trace, or interface.

[0118] It can be understood that necessary processing may be performed on the information between the source and destination of the information transmission, such as encoding, modulation, etc., but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be understood similarly and will not be elaborated further.

[0119] The communication method provided by the embodiments of this application can be applied to cellular communication systems related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4th generation (4G) communication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication systems, and can also be applied to 5th generation (5G) communication systems, such as 5G New Radio (NR) communication systems, or applied to various future communication systems, such as 6th generation (6G) communication systems. The method provided by the embodiments of this application can also be applied to Bluetooth systems, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) systems, LoRa systems, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, communication systems that support the integration of multiple wireless technologies, device-to-device (D2D) systems. The method provided by the embodiments of this application can also be applied to satellite communication systems, where the satellite communication systems can be integrated with the above-mentioned communication systems. The wireless communication systems involved in this application also include but are not limited to: Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution (EDGE), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000), or Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA).

[0120] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system 100 provided by the embodiments of this application, for Figure 2Taking the architecture of the communication system 100 shown as an example, the application scenario used in this application will be described. The communication system 100 includes a network device 101 and a terminal device 102. It should be understood that the communication system 100 to which the method of the embodiments of this application can be applied may include more or fewer network devices or terminal devices. The network device and the terminal device can be hardware, or can be software divided functionally, or a combination of the above two. The network device and the terminal device can communicate through other devices or network elements. In this system, the network device 101 can perform data transmission with multiple terminal devices, that is, the network device 101 sends downlink data to the terminal device 102. Of course, the terminal device 102 can also send uplink data to the network device 101. The device provided by the embodiments of this application can be applied to the network device 101 or to the terminal device 102. It can be understood that Figure 2 Only one possible communication system architecture to which the embodiments of this application can be applied is shown. In other possible scenarios, other devices may also be included in the communication system architecture.

[0121] It should be understood that the above Figure 2 is an exemplary illustration, and this application is not limited thereto. This application can be applied to any communication scenario in which a sending device and a receiving device communicate. It should also be understood that the communication devices (such as the sending device and the receiving device) involved in this application can be network devices or terminal devices. For example, the sending device mentioned in this application can be a network device, and the receiving device can be a terminal device.

[0122] The terminal device 102, which can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc., is a device that provides voice or data connectivity to users. Specifically, it includes a device that provides voice to users, or a device that provides data connectivity to users, or a device that provides both voice and data connectivity to users. For example, it can include a handheld device with wireless connection capabilities, or a processing device connected to a wireless modem. The terminal device can communicate with the core network via a radio access network (RAN), exchange voice or data with the RAN, or interact with the RAN for both voice and data. Currently, the terminal device can be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), a vehicle-mounted device (such as a car, a bicycle, an electric vehicle, an airplane, a ship, a train, a high-speed train, etc.), a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a smart home device (such as a refrigerator, a TV, an air conditioner, an electric meter, etc.), a smart robot, a workshop device, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in remote surgery, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, or a wireless terminal in a smart home, a flying device (such as a smart robot, a hot air balloon, a drone, an airplane), etc. The terminal device can also be other devices with terminal functions. For example, the terminal device can also be a device that serves as a terminal function in D2D communication.The terminal device may also include vehicle to everything (V2X) terminal devices, machine-to-machine / machine-type communications (M2M / MTC) terminal devices, internet of things (IoT) terminal devices, light UEs, reduced capability UEs (REDCAP UEs), subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, remote stations, access points (APs), remote terminals, access terminals, user terminals, user agents, or user devices, drone devices, etc. For example, it may include mobile phones (or "cellular" phones), computers with mobile terminal devices, portable, pocket-sized, handheld, or computer-integrated mobile devices, etc. For example, personal communications service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc. It also includes restricted devices, such as devices with lower power consumption, or devices with limited storage capacity, or devices with limited computing capacity, etc. For example, it includes information sensing devices such as barcodes, radio frequency identification (RFID), sensors, global positioning system (GPS), laser scanners, etc. In this application, the terminal device with wireless transceiver function and the chip that can be set in the aforementioned terminal device are collectively referred to as the terminal device.

[0123] It should be noted that the terminal device may be a device or apparatus with a chip, or a device or apparatus integrated with a circuit, or a chip, module, or control unit in the devices or apparatuses shown above. Specifically, this application does not make a limitation.

[0124] The network device 101 is a device deployed in a radio access network to provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices. The network device 101 can also be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) entity, an access node, a network node, a communication device, etc.

[0125] Specifically, the network device can be an access network device for a cellular system related to the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). For example, a fourth-generation (4G) mobile communication system or a 5G mobile communication system. The network device can also be an access network device in an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN) or a cloud radio access network (CRAN). Alternatively, the network device can also be an access network device in a communication system obtained by integrating two or more of the above communication systems.

[0126] Network devices include, but are not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved Node B, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, macro base station, micro base station, wireless relay node, donor node, radio controller in a CRAN scenario, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP) or transmission and receiving point (TRP). The network device can also be an access network device in a 5G mobile communication system. For example, the next generation Node B (gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, TRP, TP, or one or a group (including multiple antenna panels) of antenna panels of a base station in a 5G mobile communication system. Or, the network device can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or a transmission point. For example, a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. The CU and DU can be set separately, or can also be included in the same network element. For example, BBU. The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit. For example, in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH). Or, the network device can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or an in-vehicle device, etc. For example, in V2X technology, the network device can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0127] It should be noted that in different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in the ORAN system, the CU may also be referred to as the open centralized unit (O-CU) or the open CU, the DU may also be referred to as the open distributed unit (O-DU), the centralized unit control plane (CU-CP) may also be referred to as the open centralized unit control plane (O-CU-CP) or the open CU-CP, the centralized unit user plane (CU-UP) may also be referred to as the open centralized unit user plane (O-CU-UP) or the open CU-UP, and the RU may also be referred to as the open radio unit (O-RU). Specifically, the present application does not make any limitations. Any one of the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU in the present application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0128] In some deployments, the CU implements some functions of the gNB, and the DU implements some functions of the gNB. For example, the CU implements the radio resource control (RRC) and the functions of the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and the DU implements the functions of the radio link control (RLC), media access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layers. Since the information of the RRC layer will ultimately become the information of the PHY layer, or is transformed from the information of the PHY layer, therefore, in this architecture, high-layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling or PHCP layer signaling, can also be considered to be sent by the DU, or jointly sent by the DU and the RU. It can be understood that the network device can be a CU node, or a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node. In addition, the CU can be classified as a network device in the radio access network (RAN), or the CU can be classified as a network device in the core network (CN), and no limitation is made here.

[0129] Optionally, the network device may also be a core network device. The core network device is responsible for access control, registration management, service management, mobility management, etc. for the terminal device to access the network. For example, the core network device is an AMF.

[0130] It should be noted that the network device may be the device or apparatus shown above, or a component (such as a chip), module, or unit in the device or apparatus shown above. Specifically, the present application does not make a limitation.

[0131] To better understand the solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, some terms, concepts, or processes involved in the embodiments of the present application are introduced below for easy understanding.

[0132] I. Channel, Multipath, Delay Spread

[0133] (1) A channel is a transmission path of a signal in a communication system, which is composed of the transmission medium through which the signal travels from the transmitting end to the receiving end. Sometimes, in addition to the transmission medium, the channel also includes relevant devices for transmitting the signal.

[0134] (2) Multipath is a propagation phenomenon that causes a radio signal to reach the receiver through two or more paths. The reasons for multipath include atmospheric ducting, ionospheric reflection and refraction, and reflection from water bodies and land objects (such as mountains and buildings).

[0135] (3) Delay spread (DS): Also known as multipath delay spread, a radio signal reaches the receiver through two or more paths. Since these multiple copies of the transmitted signal travel different distances, they will reach the receiver at different times. The difference in the time when the signal reaches the receiving end through different paths is called the delay spread.

[0136] If a signal is received at a given time and then a copy of the signal is received a fraction of a second later, due to the superposition of the signal in time, the information will be "blurred". As the maximum delay spread (MDS) increases, the quality of the received signal deteriorates and eventually communication cannot be established (i.e., the transmitted signal cannot be correctly demodulated), even when the signal level is higher than the sensitivity level of the receiver.

[0137] II. Synchronization Signal Block

[0138] In 5G NR, PBCH and PSS / SSS are combined together to form an SS / PBCH block, abbreviated as a synchronization signal block (SSB), as Figure 3 shown. Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the SSB structure in 5G NR. The SSB occupies 4 consecutive symbols in the time domain, and each symbol occupies 20 resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain, that is, 240 resource elements (REs). Among them, PSS and SSS respectively occupy the 1st symbol and the 3rd symbol in the SSB, occupying 127 subcarriers, and the corresponding subcarrier indices are 56 - 182. PBCH occupies the 2nd symbol and the 4th symbol in the entire SSB, and also occupies 48 subcarriers at both ends of the 3rd symbol, with a total of 2 * 240 + 48 * 2 = 576 REs.

[0139] PSS, SSS, and PBCH all use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. The PSS carries a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) symbol sequence d PSS (n) in the frequency domain, which is mapped from an m-sequence x(m) of length 127 through BPSK modulation, specifically as shown in formula (1) as follows:

[0140] d PSs (n) = 1 - 2x(m) Formula (1)

[0141]

[0142] 0 ≤ n ≤ 127

[0143] Among them, x(i + 7) = (9x(i + 4) + x(i)) mod 2, [x(6)x(5)x(4)x(3)x(2)x(1)x(0)] = [1 1 1 0 1 1 0].

[0144] The SSS carries a BPSK symbol sequence d SSS (n) in the frequency domain, which is mapped from two m-sequences x0(m) and x1(m) of length 127, specifically as shown in formula (2):

[0145] d SSS (n) = [1 - 2x0((n + m0) mod 127)][1 - 2x1((n + m1) mod 127)] Formula (2)

[0146]

[0147]

[0148] 0 ≤ n ≤ 127

[0149] Among them, x0(i + 7) = (x0(i + 4) + x0(i)) mod 2, x1(i + 7) = (x1(i + 1) + x1(i)) mod 2, [x0(6)x0(5)x0(4)x0(3)x0(2)x0(1)x0(0)] = [0 0 0 0 0 0 1], [x1(6)x1(5)x1(4)x1(3)x1(2)x1(1)x1(0)] = [0 0 0 0 0 0 1].

[0150] 5G NR defines 1008 physical-layer cell identities (PCI), with values ranging from 0 to 1007, which are represented by formula (3) as follows:

[0151]

[0152] Among them, represents PCI, while represents physical-layer cell identity 1, and represents physical-layer cell identity 2, and

[0153] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is the resource mapping schematic diagram of PBCH in 5G NR. There are three REs in each RB of PBCH for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of PBCH. These three REs correspond to Figure 4 the black squares in, and the interval between two adjacent black squares is 4. Therefore, among the 576 REs of PBCH, 144 REs are used for the DMRS of PBCH, and the remaining 432 REs carry QPSK symbols. These 144 DMRSs of PBCH are obtained by QPSK modulation of a gold sequence. The initial value c of the gold sequence init is related to the two least significant bits of the candidate SS / PBCH block index or the three least significant bits of the candidate SS / PBCH block index. As Figure 4 shown, there are four frequency offsets v of DMRS, which are v = 0, v = 1, v = 2, v = 3 respectively. Setting different frequency offsets for co-frequency adjacent cells helps to reduce pilot interference. This frequency offset v is related to and is specifically shown in formula (4) as follows:

[0154]

[0155] III. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Technology

[0156] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 which is a schematic diagram of the implementation of an OFDM system provided by an embodiment of this application. At the transmitting end, through serial-to-parallel conversion (serial to parallel, s-to-p), M consecutive data symbols can be converted into an M-dimensional data block S k =[S k [0], S k [1], …, S k [M - 1]] T , where the subscript k is the OFDM symbol number, and the superscript T represents matrix transpose. Then subcarrier mapping is performed, specifically meaning that the M data carried by s k modulates M of the N subcarriers, or in other words, M of the N subcarriers carry the M data carried by s k , and the remaining (N - M) subcarriers can be understood as being modulated by 0. The N-dimensional data vector x k obtains a set of N complex time-domain sampling points x k =[x k [0], x k [1], …, x k [N - 1]] T through the N-point inverse discrete Fourier transform (inverse discrete fourier transform, IDFT), and then parallel-to-serial conversion (P-to-S) is performed, and then a cyclic prefix (cyclic prefix, CP) is added. Adding CP at the start of each OFDM symbol creates a guard interval, thereby eliminating inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation. The specific implementation of adding CP is to copy the last G sampling values of x k and append them to the start of xk to obtain the time-domain OFDM signal Therefore, an OFDM symbol contains valid data x k and the cyclic prefix (redundant data). Finally, the OFDM signal is sent out through an antenna after being transformed by a digital-to-analog converter (digital to analog converter, DAC) and a radio frequency module. Correspondingly, at the receiving end, demodulation is performed through inverse processing, which will not be described in detail here.

[0157] Assume that time and frequency synchronization are available and the CP length is sufficient. After the CP removal operation (i.e., removing the first G sampled values from the received signal), a data block with N sampled values that is completely free of ISI is obtained, which is also equal to the OFDM symbol x k The cyclic convolution with the channel frequency response. Through the fast Fourier transform (FFT), the time-domain cyclic convolution can be converted into a point multiplication in the frequency domain, and then the channel equalization can be completed with low complexity using one-tap equalization in the frequency domain.

[0158] IV. Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0159] The discrete Fourier transform-spreading-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) technique defines a data block s transmitted in the time domain k , and there is an additional discrete Fourier transform (DFT) process before the OFDM processing, that is, for each data block s containing M data k perform an M-point DFT operation. Through this operation, the DFT-s-OFDM signal has the characteristics of a single carrier and has a much lower peak to average power ratio (PAPR) than multi-carrier signals such as OFDM. Therefore, under the same power amplifier, DFT-s-OFDM can provide a greater output power and higher power amplifier efficiency, thereby achieving the purpose of improving coverage and reducing energy consumption. The coverage and power consumption advantages of DFT-s-OFDM are particularly obvious on the terminal device side, and DFT-s-OFDM can be applied to uplink transmission.

[0160] s kIt may include modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. The modulation symbols may be modulation symbols obtained by modulating a (coded) bit stream. The modulation methods may include pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), phase shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM), amplitude phase shift keying (APSK), etc. The redundant signal sampling points may include phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sampling points, unique words, zeros, etc.

[0161] V. Time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation

[0162] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which is a schematic diagram of a time-domain linear convolution single-carrier (SC) modulation provided by an embodiment of the present application. The data sequence passes through shaping filtering to generate the signal x. The shaping filtering may specifically include two processes: upsampling and filtering (i.e., the linear convolution of the upsampled signal and the shaping pulse). In DFT-s-OFDM, the shaping pulse has a period, and the DFT-s-OFDM signal x k can be understood as the data block s k and the cyclic convolution of the shaping pulse.

[0163] The data sequence may include modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. The relevant descriptions of the modulation symbols and redundant signal sampling points can refer to the above, and will not be elaborated here.

[0164] VI. Single-carrier frequency-domain equalization

[0165] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 which is a schematic diagram of a single-carrier frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE) system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Based on the time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation, SC-FDE first divides the data sequence into a series of data blocks s with a length of m through a partition module k。Then add the cyclic prefix CP, that is, add a CP with a length of Q to each data block, which means copying the last Q data of s k to the front of s k 。Then perform upsampling and filtering operations. Finally, the signal is transmitted through the antenna after being transformed by the DAC and the radio frequency module. Correspondingly, at the receiving end, demodulation is performed through inverse processing, which will not be described in detail here.

[0166] VII. Roll-off factor, spectrum / bandwidth extension factor

[0167] Roll-off is the steepness of the frequency response function with respect to frequency. Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 , which is a schematic diagram of the frequency response under different roll-off factors proposed in the embodiments of this application. It can be seen that when the roll-off factor β = 0, the frequency response with a rectangular shape is the steepest. In practice, it is difficult to implement a filter with a rectangular window frequency response. Using roll-off can reduce the difficulty of filter implementation, but it will increase the bandwidth. The roll-off factor is defined as shown in formula (5):

[0168]

[0169] where the bandwidth without roll-off corresponds to the bandwidth when β = 0. When β = 1, the bandwidth doubles. When β = 0.5, the bandwidth increases by 50%. β is defined with reference to the bandwidth without roll-off. It can also be described with reference to the extended bandwidth to describe the spectrum / bandwidth extension. For example, define the spectrum / bandwidth extension factor as shown in formula (6):

[0170]

[0171] If β = 1, the spectrum / bandwidth extension factor is 0.5; if β = 0.5, the spectrum / bandwidth extension factor is 1 / 3.

[0172] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 , which is a schematic diagram for understanding time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation from the frequency-domain dimension provided by the embodiments of this application. In time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation, time-domain upsampling is equivalent to periodically replicating the spectrum of the data sequence in the frequency domain. Figure 9 The hatched rectangular grid in represents the spectrum of the data sequence. Time-domain pulse shaping is equivalent to windowing the periodically replicated spectrum in the frequency domain, and the window function is the frequency-domain response of the pulse shaping filter. Figure 9 The trapezoid in represents the window function. The roll-off factor of the pulse shaping filter is generally greater than 0, and the occupied bandwidth is greater than the bandwidth occupied by the data sequence spectrum. As Figure 9As shown, the length of the window function is greater than the spectral width of the data sequence. In Figure 5 the DFT-s-OFDM signal generation shown, it can be regarded as using a pulse shaping filter with a rectangular window in the frequency domain response, that is, the roll-off is equal to 0.

[0173] Due to the use of a pulse shaping filter with roll-off, the time-domain linear convolution single-carrier modulation signal has a lower PAPR than the Figure 5 DFT-s-OFDM signal in

[0174] VIII. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Modulation

[0175] Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation maps two consecutive bits into one QPSK symbol. The QPSK modulation defined in NR is shown in formula (7) as follows:

[0176]

[0177] where b(2i) represents the 2i-th bit, b(2i + 1) represents the 2i + 1-th bit, d(i) represents the i-th QPSK symbol, and j 2 = 1.

[0178] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 which is a QPSK modulation symbol trajectory diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 10 , there is a phase jump of 0 degrees or 90 degrees or 180 degrees (also known as zero crossing) between two adjacent QPSK symbols.

[0179] IX. Modulation

[0180] - Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation maps 1 bit into one symbol. The modulation mapping formula in 5G NR is shown in formula (8) as follows:

[0181]

[0182] where b(i) represents the i-th bit, and d(i) represents the i-th symbol.

[0183] Please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 which is a modulation symbol trajectory diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from Figure 11It can be seen that there is only a 90-degree phase jump between two adjacent π / 2-BPSK symbols. Since a single-carrier signal can be regarded as an interpolation of a symbol sequence modulated by a single carrier, for a QPSK symbol sequence, a 180-degree phase jump or zero crossing will interpolate a zero signal, that is, the signal strength is 0 at a certain moment, resulting in a relatively high PAPR of the signal. Therefore, The single-carrier signal has a lower PAPR than the QPSK single-carrier signal.

[0184] The following analyzes the frequency-domain signal corresponding to the symbol sequence. Assume the symbol sequence {d(i)} contains M symbols. Performing an M-point DFT on {d(i)} can obtain the corresponding frequency-domain signal, denoted as y(k), where k = 0, 1, …, M - 1. Among them, y(k) has the following properties:

[0185]

[0186]

[0187] where the superscript * represents the complex conjugate operation. Therefore, there are redundant signals in y(k), k = 0, 1, …, M - 1. Removing these redundant signals, the remaining signals can still be used to recover y(k), k = 0, 1, …, M - 1 in combination with the above relationship.

[0188] If, before performing the DFT, a phase rotation as shown in formula (10) is performed on {d(i)}, that is

[0189]

[0190] Then performing an M-point DFT on can obtain the corresponding frequency-domain signal, denoted as where has the following properties:

[0191]

[0192]

[0193] Therefore, there are redundant signals in. Removing these redundant signals, the remaining signals can still be used to recover

[0194] X. Bandwidth Expansion and FDSS

[0195] In this application, windowing the frequency-domain signal is called frequency-domain spectrum shaping or frequency-domain shaping (FDSS). In Figure 5 introducing FDSS with roll-off in the DFT-s-OFDM implementation shown can reduce the PAPR of the DFT-s-OFDM signal.

[0196] Please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 which is a schematic diagram of a DFT-s-OFDM FDSS implementation provided by an embodiment of this application. Since the FDSS width is greater than the bandwidth of the DFT output signal (denoted as S k ), bandwidth expansion is first performed before FDSS. One way of bandwidth expansion is to copy the tail part signal of S k to the front of S k , and copy the head part signal of S k to the back of S k to obtain the bandwidth-expanded signal. The output of the bandwidth expansion module is the input of the FDSS module. The FDSS module refers to multiplying the expanded signal by the FDSS coefficient. For example, the expanded signal is the i-th value is The output signal obtained by the FDSS module is the i-th value is and The relationship between them is

[0197]

[0198] where c[i] is the i-th FDSS coefficient. The output signal of the FDSS module is subjected to subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP addition processing to obtain the DFT-s-OFDM signal.

[0199] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 which is a schematic diagram of the PAPR of a signal provided by an embodiment of this application. The bandwidth-expanded signal (such as ) occupies 720 subcarriers. The FDSS is a root-raised cosine (RRC) function with 720 coefficients. The RRC function is a Nyquist filter. The roll-off factor of the RRC is the same as the roll-off factor corresponding to the increased bandwidth of the frequency-domain signal (such as S k ). Taking the curve with the legend "QPSK, β = 0.2" as an example, the DFT input contains 600 (equal to 720 divided by 1.2, and 1.2 equals 1 + β) QPSK symbols, and the DFT output is a frequency-domain signal containing 600 data. According toFigure 12 The bandwidth expansion method given in [reference] obtains a frequency-domain signal containing 720 data. The roll-off factor corresponding to the increased bandwidth of the frequency-domain signal is equal to 120 / 600 = 0.2. It can be seen that bandwidth expansion and FDSS can reduce PAPR.

[0200] XI. Bandwidth Scaling Factor

[0201] Because there is redundancy in the frequency-domain signal corresponding to the symbol sequence. After removing the redundant part, the complete frequency-domain signal can still be recovered, realizing the improvement of spectral efficiency without loss of transmission performance. The process of removing the redundant part can be understood as bandwidth compression. Using single-carrier modulation will have bandwidth compression, which does not exist in symbols such as QAM / PSK, for example, QPSK.

[0202] Formula (13) gives the definition of the bandwidth scale factor (BSF), which includes two cases: bandwidth expansion and bandwidth compression.

[0203]

[0204] Among them, the adjusted bandwidth can be understood as the bandwidth after the bandwidth expansion operation or the bandwidth compression operation. The number of subcarriers corresponding to the adjusted bandwidth is equal to the bandwidth divided by the subcarrier spacing.

[0205] Assume that modulation is used. The number of symbols in the time-domain sequence in formula (13) can be understood as the number of symbols in the symbol sequence. Modulation maps one bit to one symbol, and the number of symbols in the symbol sequence is the same as the length of the bit sequence. Therefore, if modulation is used, the number of symbols in the time-domain sequence in the denominator of formula (13) can also be replaced by the length of the bit sequence.

[0206] Optionally, when the adjusted bandwidth is equal to the allocated bandwidth, or in other words, when the adjusted bandwidth is equal to the transmission bandwidth, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the adjusted bandwidth in the numerator of formula (13) can be understood as the number of subcarriers corresponding to the allocated bandwidth, or in other words, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the transmission bandwidth.

[0207] The ratio relationship in formula (13) can also be directly based on the definition of bandwidth. For example, the numerator is the adjusted bandwidth, while the denominator is the bandwidth occupied by the spectrum of the time-domain sequence. Optionally, the numerator can be the allocated bandwidth, or the transmission bandwidth, or the scheduled bandwidth.

[0208] When there is no bandwidth adjustment (including expansion and compression), the number of symbols in the time-domain sequence is the same as the number of subcarriers corresponding to the bandwidth, and the bandwidth scaling factor is 0 at this time. If the bandwidth is expanded, the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0; if the bandwidth is compressed, the bandwidth scaling factor is less than 0. Combining the foregoing content, if a phase rotation as shown in Equation (10) is performed on the symbol sequence before DFT, the minimum value that the bandwidth scaling factor can take is -0.5. The specific calculation process is as follows: If a phase rotation as shown in Equation (10) is performed on the symbol sequence before DFT, then there are M / 2 redundant data in the frequency-domain signal. Bandwidth compression can remove these M / 2 redundant data. At this time, only the remaining M / 2 data need to be transmitted, occupying M / 2 subcarriers (one subcarrier carries one data), that is, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the adjusted bandwidth is M / 2. Combining Equation (13), the bandwidth scaling factor is (M / 2) / M - 1 = -0.5.

[0209] As Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 also gives the PAPR of the NRPSS and SSS signals at 16 and 17. It can be seen that the PAPR of the PSS signal is comparable to that of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM signal, while the PAPR of the SSS signal is higher than that of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM signal, but is comparable to the PAPR of the PBCH signal (using OFDM modulation, and the subcarriers carry QPSK symbols). Therefore, the SSB designed based on OFDM has a relatively high PAPR. A high PAPR will cause many problems for the PA. For example, if the peak power of the signal is not set correctly, the signal will enter the non-linear working region of the power amplifier (PA), which will in turn cause signal and spectrum expansion or spectrum regeneration, and spectrum regeneration will cause interference between subcarriers, resulting in an increase in the bit error rate. To avoid or mitigate these problems, in practical applications, generally, input or output power back-off of the PA is performed. However, for SSB, if input power back-off or output power back-off is performed on the PA, the cell coverage range will be reduced. By Figure 1It can be concluded that the DFT-s-OFDM signal has a lower PAPR than the OFDM signal. This is because the DFT-s-OFDM modulated signal has undergone DFT processing compared to the OFDM modulated signal, making the DFT-s-OFDM signal have the characteristics of a single-carrier signal, and the PAPR of a single-carrier signal is generally lower than that of a multi-carrier signal represented by OFDM. To make the SSB have a low PAPR, achieve high-power SSB transmission, and improve the cell coverage range, some signals in the SSB in the next-generation communication system, such as the PBCH signal, may be changed to single-carrier modulation. To solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present application propose the following solutions.

[0210] The following combines Figure 2 the communication system shown in

[0211] Please refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 which is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0212] S1401: The network device determines the first frequency-domain resource location of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource location of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource location of the PBCH signal.

[0213] Among them, the first frequency-domain resource location (frequency resource location), the second frequency-domain resource location, and the third frequency-domain resource location may include the following three cases:

[0214] Case 1: The first frequency-domain resource location of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource location of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource location of the PBCH signal are the same. It can also be understood that the PSS, SSS, and PBCH signals occupy the same frequency-domain resources, or in other words, the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, and the third bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same. Among them, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS can be understood as the frequency-domain resources corresponding to the first frequency-domain resource location, the frequency-domain resources of the SSS can be understood as the frequency-domain resources corresponding to the second frequency-domain resource location, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal can be understood as the frequency-domain resources corresponding to the third frequency-domain resource location.

[0215] Optionally, in Case 1, in the frequency domain, there are guard bands on both sides of the PSS. The subcarriers within the guard bands do not carry data, or the data carried by the subcarriers within the guard bands is 0. For example, each of the left guard band and the right guard band occupies one RB, or the left guard band occupies one RB and the right guard band occupies half an RB. By means of the guard bands, the PSS can be protected from interference by other signals, improving the correct probability of physical layer cell identity detection. Optionally, the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency domain resource of the PSS and the guard bands together occupy an integer number of RBs. Please refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of Case 1 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The vertical axis represents the frequency domain, and the horizontal axis is the symbol index. A smaller symbol index indicates that the symbol is earlier in time. Combining Figure 15 , it can be seen that the first frequency domain resource position, the second frequency domain resource position, and the third frequency domain resource position are the same. Please refer to Figure 15 in (a), the SSB contains three symbols. In the time domain, they are, in sequence, the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH, that is, the PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, Figure 15 (a) in Figure 15 is merely an example. Please refer to Figure 15 in (b), the SSB contains three symbols. In the time domain, they are, in sequence, the PSS, the PBCH, and the SSS. The difference from (a) in is that at this time, the SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 15 in (c), the SSB contains four symbols. In the time domain, they are, in sequence, the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH, that is, the PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the third and fourth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 15 in (d), the SSB contains four symbols. In the time domain, they are, in sequence, the PSS, the PBCH, the SSS, and the PBCH. The difference from (c) in is that at this time, the SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the second and fourth symbols of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods, and there may be other sorting situations, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0216] Case 2: The second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS. The fact that the second frequency-domain resource position and the third frequency-domain resource position are the same can be understood as that the SSS and the PBCH signal occupy the same frequency-domain resources, or in other words, the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS is the same as the third bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal. The fact that the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS can be understood as that the frequency-domain resources of the PSS are part of the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, or in other words, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS are a subset of the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, or in other words, there is an overlapping part between the frequency-domain resources of the SSS and the PSS, and this overlapping part is the frequency-domain resources of the PSS.

[0217] Please refer to Figure 16 , Figure 16 which is a schematic diagram of Case 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The vertical axis represents the frequency domain, and the horizontal axis is the symbol index. A smaller symbol index means that the symbol is earlier in time. Combining Figure 16 , it can be seen that the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS. Please refer to Figure 16 (a) in, the SSB includes three symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH in sequence, that is, the PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, Figure 16 (a) in is only taken as an example. Please refer to Figure 16 (b) in, the SSB includes three symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the PBCH, and the SSS in sequence. The difference from Figure 16 (a) in is that at this time, the PBCH is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 16 (c) in, the SSB includes four symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH in sequence, that is, the PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the third and fourth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 16 (d) in, the SSB includes four symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the PBCH, the SSS, and the PBCH in sequence. The difference from Figure 16 (c) in is that at this time, the PBCH is mapped to the second and fourth symbols of the SSB, and the SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods, and there may be other sorting situations, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0218] Case 3: The first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS. The PSS and the SSS occupy the same frequency-domain resources, or rather, the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS is the same as the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS. That the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS can be understood as that the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal, or rather, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are a subset of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal, or rather, there is an overlapping part between the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal, and this overlapping part is the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0219] Please refer to Figure 17 , Figure 17 FIG. is a schematic diagram of Case 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The vertical axis represents the frequency domain, and the horizontal axis is the symbol index. A smaller symbol index indicates that the symbol is earlier in time. Combining Figure 17 , it can be seen that the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS. Please refer to Figure 17 FIG. (a). The SSB includes three symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH in sequence, that is, the PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, Figure 17 FIG. (a) is merely an example. Please refer to Figure 17 FIG. (b). The SSB includes three symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the PBCH, and the SSS in sequence. Different from Figure 17 FIG. (a), at this time, the PBCH is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 17 FIG. (c). The SSB includes four symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH in sequence, that is, the PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the third and fourth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 17 FIG. (d). The SSB includes four symbols. In the time domain, they are the PSS, the PBCH, the SSS, and the PBCH in sequence. Different from Figure 17 FIG. (c), at this time, the PBCH is mapped to the second and fourth symbols of the SSB, and the SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods, and there may be other sorting situations, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0220] Optionally, in Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3, the time-domain resources occupied by the PSS, the time-domain resources occupied by the SSS, and the time-domain resources occupied by the PBCH signal are different. For example, the PSS occupies Symbol 1 in the time domain, the SSS occupies Symbol 2 in the time domain, and the PBCH signal occupies Symbol 3 in the time domain.

[0221] S1402: The network device performs single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal.

[0222] Among them, the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal. Performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal can be understood as multiplying the frequency-domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient. That is to say, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are the same. Or rather, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the first bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, the second bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, and the third bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same. Or the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal are the same. Optionally, the common part can also be understood as the same part. For example, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the same part of the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are the same.

[0223] Optionally, the fact that the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are the same can include the following three aspects:

[0224] The first aspect: When the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are in Case 1, the first FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PSS, the second FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS, and the third FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PBCH signal are the same.

[0225] Second aspect: When the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are in Case 2, the second FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS is the same as the third FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PBCH signal, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS and the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS are the same.

[0226] Third aspect: When the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are in Case 3, the first FDSS coefficient corresponding to the PSS is the same as the second FDSS coefficient corresponding to the SSS, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0227] In a possible implementation, optionally, in Case 1 and Case 2, there is no PBCH DMRS, that is, there is no PBCH DMRS in the SSB.

[0228] In yet another possible implementation, optionally, in Case 3, that is, when the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the frequency-domain resources of the SSS, and there is a PBCH DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH DMRS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal, the third frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes the PBCH DMRS.

[0229] Wherein, the PBCH DMRS occupying a single symbol in the time domain can be understood as the PBCH DMRS being mapped to a symbol of the SSB. In one example, please refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 which is a schematic diagram of a PBCH DMRS provided by an embodiment of the present application. The vertical axis represents the frequency domain, and the horizontal axis is the symbol index. A smaller symbol index indicates that the symbol is earlier in time.

[0230] Please refer to Figure 18 in (a) thereof. The SSB includes 4 symbols. In the time domain, they are, in sequence, the PSS, the SSS, the DMRS, and the PBCH, that is, the PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, the SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, the DMRS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB, and the PBCH is mapped to the fourth symbol of the SSB. Optionally, Figure 18 (a) in it is merely an example. Please refer to Figure 18In (b) thereof, the SSB contains 4 symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, SSS, PBCH, and DMRS in sequence, which is different from Figure 18 in (a) in that at this time, PBCH is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB, and DRMS is mapped to the fourth symbol of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 18 in (c) thereof, the SSB contains 5 symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, SSS, DMRS, and two PBCHs in sequence, that is, PSS is mapped to the first symbol of the SSB, SSS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, DMRS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB, and PBCH is mapped to the fourth and fifth symbols of the SSB. Optionally, please refer to Figure 18 in (d) thereof, the SSB contains 5 symbols. In the time domain, they are PSS, DMRS, SSS, and PBCH in sequence, which is different from Figure 18 in (c) in that at this time, DMRS is mapped to the second symbol of the SSB, and SSS is mapped to the third symbol of the SSB. It should be noted that the above examples only list some possible sorting methods, and of course, there may be other possible sorting methods, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0231] Among them, the bandwidth occupied by PBCH DMRS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal. In this way, it can be ensured that the channel response at all frequency points within the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal can be obtained based on DMRS for PBCH signal demodulation.

[0232] Among them, PBCH DMRS can adopt continuous mapping in the frequency domain. Optionally, PBCH DMRS can also adopt distributed mapping in the frequency domain, with an interval of L, that is, a DMRS symbol is placed every L subcarriers. The distributed mapping has stronger anti-interference ability between subcarriers than the continuous mapping.

[0233] In one example, assuming L is 3, 4 DMRS symbols can be placed in one RB. Assuming the sequence numbers of 12 subcarriers in one RB are from 0 to 11, the subcarriers carrying DMRS symbols in one RB can be subcarriers 0, 3, 6, 9 or 1, 4, 7, 10 or 2, 5, 8, 11. Although the bandwidth occupied by PBCH DMRS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal, only some of the subcarriers in one RB carry DMRS symbols (the subcarriers carrying DMRS are called the frequency-domain resources of PBCH DMRS). Therefore, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of PBCH DMRS. The same FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and PBCH DMRS can be understood as performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and PBCH DMRS. For example, multiplying the same FDSS coefficients to the frequency-domain data points corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and PBCH DMRS.

[0234] Among them, the starting position of the first DMRS in one RB (denoted as ρ) can be related to the PCI, as specifically shown in formula (14).

[0235]

[0236] Optionally, L has the same value as the aforementioned "spacing L". Setting different ρ for co-frequency neighboring cells helps reduce pilot interference.

[0237] Optionally, the DMRS symbol can carry SSB index information. For example, the DMRS is generated based on the gold sequence, and the initial value of the gold sequence can carry SSB index information. In another example, the DMRS is generated based on the ZC sequence, and the cyclic shift of the ZC sequence can carry SSB index information.

[0238] In addition, when using distributed mapping, the energy per resource element (EPRE) of PBCH DMRS is L times that of PBCH data.

[0239] When the PBCH signal includes PBCH DMRS, that is, PBCH DMRS does not occupy a symbol alone in the time domain, that is, in case three, the PBCH data and PBCH DMRS are in the same symbol, that is, the PBCH data and PBCH DMRS jointly occupy one PBCH symbol. In one example, when the SSB contains 3 symbols, that is, in Figure 17 in (a) and Figure 17 in (b) of Figure 19 please refer to Figure 19It is a schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application in which PBCH data and PBCH DMRS share a PBCH symbol. Please refer to Figure 19 (a) therein. PBCH DMRS is located before PBCH data. PBCH DMRS has its own CP, and PBCH also has its own CP. Moreover, there is a guard period (GP) between PBCH data and PBCH DMRS. Optionally, Figure 19 (a) therein is merely an example. For example, please refer to Figure 19 (b) therein. PBCH DMRS can also be located after PBCH data, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that to generate Figure 19 the PBCH symbol shown, PBCH DMRS and the data symbols carried by PBCH can be multiplexed in a before DFT (pre-DFT) manner, that is, a part of the DFT input is PBCH DMRS, and a part is the data symbols carried by PBCH.

[0240] In another example, when the SSB contains 4 symbols. For example, in the cases of Figure 17 (c) therein and Figure 17 (d) therein, PBCH data and PBCH DMRS are carried on the first PBCH, and only PBCH data is carried on the second PBCH; or only PBCH data is carried on the first PBCH, and PBCH data and PBCH DMRS are carried on the second PBCH. For example, in the case of Figure 17 (c) therein, the SSB contains 4 symbols, which are PSS, SSS, and two PBCHs in sequence. Among them, PSS occupies symbol 1 in the time domain, SSS occupies symbol 2 in the time domain, and the two PBCHs occupy symbols 3 and 4. Optionally, PBCH data and PBCH DMRS are carried on the PBCH occupying symbol 3, and only PBCH data is carried on the PBCH occupying symbol 4. Optionally, the channel estimation results obtained from PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS can be jointly processed (such as interpolation and / or extrapolation in the time direction) to obtain a more accurate estimate of the channel experienced by PBCH data, thereby improving the demodulation performance of PBCH data.

[0241] In the above method, since the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of PSS / SSS is smaller than the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal, it is impossible to obtain the channel estimation at all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal based on PSS / SSS, which degrades the demodulation performance of the PBCH signal. In order to obtain the channel estimation at all frequency points within the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and ensure the demodulation performance of the PBCH signal, some additional time-frequency resources can be used to transmit PBCH DMRS. It is possible that the PBCH signal includes PBCH DMRS, that is, the PBCH signal carries PBCH DMRS in addition to carrying data symbols. The PBCH DMRS and the data symbols carried by the PBCH are multiplexed in a before DFT (pre-DFT) manner, that is, a part of the DFT input is PBCH DMRS and a part is the data symbols carried by the PBCH. The PBCH DMRS can also occupy a single symbol in the time domain, and the bandwidth of the PBCH DMRS is the same as the bandwidth of the PBCH signal. The PBCH DMRS may adopt a distributed mapping in the frequency domain, that is, some frequency points within the bandwidth are used to place the PBCH DMRS (these used frequency points are called the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS), while the remaining frequency points are vacant. At this time, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS. In addition, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, ensuring that the channel estimation obtained from the received PBCH DMRS can be used for PBCH signal demodulation.

[0242] In yet another possible implementation, the method further includes: the network device determines a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0243] Optionally, the network device may send a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor to the terminal device.

[0244] Optionally, the bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth and the number of symbols carried, that is, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0245] The bandwidth scaling factor may include two cases of bandwidth expansion and bandwidth compression, and the specific definitions are as follows:

[0246]

[0247] Among them, the adjusted bandwidth can be understood as the bandwidth after bandwidth expansion operation or bandwidth compression operation. The number of subcarriers corresponding to the adjusted bandwidth is equal to the bandwidth divided by the subcarrier spacing. For specific reference, please refer to the above description, which will not be elaborated here.

[0248] In the above method, bandwidth expansion or bandwidth compression is performed through this bandwidth scaling factor. The bandwidth scaling factor determines the bandwidth resource utilization efficiency or spectral efficiency. The cost of bandwidth expansion is the reduction of spectral efficiency, but the signal can achieve a lower PAPR, enabling high-power transmission and greatly improving the cell coverage. Bandwidth compression improves spectral efficiency, but the signal may be worse in terms of PAPR compared to without compression. In practical applications, the selection of bandwidth expansion or compression and the specific value of the bandwidth scaling factor are determined according to the SSB PAPR requirements. If the current SSB PAPR already meets the requirements and a certain degree of bandwidth compression will not cause a significant deterioration in PAPR, a bandwidth compression operation may be performed at this time to improve spectral efficiency. In addition, it should be understood that under a given bandwidth scaling factor, different bandwidth expansion or compression methods will also affect the signal PAPR.

[0249] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK modulation or π / 2-BPSK modulation.

[0250] Optionally, please refer to Figure 12 When a network device performs single-carrier modulation, it can include modulating the carried symbols to obtain modulated symbols, performing DFT on the modulated symbols to obtain a frequency-domain signal 1, then adjusting the bandwidth of the frequency-domain signal 1 to obtain a frequency-domain signal 2, then performing FDSS processing on the frequency-domain signal 2, and then performing subcarrier mapping, IDFT, adding CP, and other processes. In one example, when a network device performs single-carrier modulation, it includes modulating the symbols carried by the network device's PBCH using QPSK modulation, performing DFT on the modulated symbols to obtain a frequency-domain signal 1, then expanding the bandwidth of the frequency-domain signal 1 to obtain a frequency-domain signal 2, then performing FDSS processing on the frequency-domain signal 2, and then performing subcarrier mapping, IDFT, adding CP, and other processes. In another possible example, when a network device performs single-carrier modulation, it includes modulating the symbols carried by the network device's PBCH using π / 2-BPSK modulation, performing DFT on the modulated symbols to obtain a frequency-domain signal 1, then compressing the bandwidth of the frequency-domain signal 1 to obtain a frequency-domain signal 2, then performing FDSS processing on the frequency-domain signal 2, and then performing subcarrier mapping, IDFT, adding CP, and other processes. Among them, the relevant description regarding the existence of bandwidth compression when using π / 2-BPSK modulation can be referred to the above description, which will not be elaborated here.

[0251] Optionally, before performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource location of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource location of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource location of the PBCH signal, the network device may modulate the symbols carried by the PBCH using QPSK or π / 2-BPSK modulation. For the relevant descriptions of QPSK modulation and π / 2-BPSK modulation, reference can be made to the above descriptions and will not be elaborated here.

[0252] When the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the following relationships may exist among the PSS bandwidth scaling factor, the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, and the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor:

[0253] The first relationship: The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor;

[0254] The second relationship: The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor;

[0255] The third relationship: The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0256] Optionally, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor may be the same as or different from the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitations.

[0257] When there is the first relationship, the design and implementation are simple. Optionally, the network device indicates the scaling factor to the terminal device, and this scaling factor is the PSS bandwidth scaling factor, the SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0258] When there is a second relationship, under the condition that the PAPR of PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR requirement of the PBCH signal, the design flexibility of PSS and SSS is increased. In one example, PSS / SSS uses OFDM modulation, and the frequency-domain signal is a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence. According to the method of "generating a ZC sequence with the expanded bandwidth and then performing FDSS processing" (this method is hereinafter referred to as "the former" in this paragraph), the PAPR of PSS / SSS is lower than that obtained by the method of "generating a ZC sequence with the unexpanded bandwidth, performing cyclic extension, and then performing FDSS processing" (this method is hereinafter referred to as "the latter" in this paragraph). For example, the unexpanded bandwidth corresponds to 60 RE, and the roll-off factor is 0.2. It should be noted that the bandwidth scaling factor can include two cases: bandwidth expansion and bandwidth compression. Since the roll-off factor can describe bandwidth expansion, in this application, unless otherwise specified, the roll-off factor can be understood as the bandwidth scaling factor. Then the expanded bandwidth corresponds to 72 RE. Among them, the bandwidth scaling factor of the former PSS / SSS is 0, and the bandwidth scaling factor of the latter PSS / SSS is 0.2. The bandwidth scaling factor of the latter PSS / SSS is equal to the bandwidth scaling factor of the PBCH. Therefore, the bandwidth scaling factor of the former PSS / SSS is less than the bandwidth scaling factor of the PBCH. The former directly generates a ZC sequence with a length of n ZC = 72, and then performs FDSS processing. The latter first generates a ZC sequence with a length of n ZC = 60 (assumed to be denoted as x s (n), n = 0, 1,..., 59), and then cyclically extends it to a length of 72, assumed to be denoted as r s (m), m = 0, 1,..., 71, where

[0259] r s (m) = x s (m mod n ZC ) Formula (15)

[0260] Finally, FDSS processing is performed. Assume that the root index of the ZC sequence is u = 1, and FDSS is an RRC with a roll-off of 0.2 and has 72 coefficients. Please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 is the PAPR of PSS / SSS under two designs provided by the embodiments of this application. It can be seen that the PAPR of PSS / SSS obtained by the method of "generating a ZC sequence with the expanded bandwidth and then performing FDSS processing" is lower than that obtained by the method of "generating a ZC sequence with the unexpanded bandwidth, performing cyclic extension, and then performing FDSS processing".

[0261] When there is a third relationship, under the condition that the PAPR of PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR requirement of the PBCH signal, the design flexibility of PSS and SSS is increased. In one example, PSS / SSS uses OFDM modulation, the frequency-domain signal is a ZC sequence, and the PAPR of PSS / SSS obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with a bandwidth smaller than the unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing" is lower than that obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with the unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing". For example, if the unextended bandwidth corresponds to 60 RE and the roll-off factor is 0.2, then the extended bandwidth corresponds to 72 RE. For example, the former generates a ZC sequence with a length of n ZC = 53 (corresponding to a bandwidth scaling factor of 0.358) or 47 (corresponding to a bandwidth scaling factor of 0.532), and then performs cyclic extension and FDSS processing. The latter first generates a ZC sequence with a length of n ZC = 60, and then performs cyclic extension and FDSS processing. The bandwidth scaling factor of the former PSS / SSS (for example, 0.358 or 0.532) is greater than the bandwidth scaling factor of the latter PSS / SSS (equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor). Assume that the root index of the ZC sequence is u = 7, FDSS is an RRC with a roll-off of 0.2 and has 72 coefficients. Please refer to Figure 21 , Figure 21 are the PAPRs of PSS / SSS under two other designs provided by the embodiments of the present application. It can be seen that the PAPR of PSS / SSS obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with a bandwidth smaller than the unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing" is lower than that obtained by "generating a ZC sequence with the unextended bandwidth, cyclic extension, and then FDSS processing".

[0262] In the above method, when the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, this design method is simple and only needs to set the value of one bandwidth scaling factor. By the two design methods that the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor, it can be made that under the constraint that the PAPR of PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal, the design of the PSS / SSS signal can be more flexible. For example, PSS / SSS can use OFDM modulation.

[0263] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH use π / 2-BPSK modulation, the symbols carried by the PSS and / or the SSS use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation. Optionally, in this case, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, and the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor. The detailed description of the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position being the same, as well as the detailed description of the bandwidth scaling factor, can be referred to as above and will not be elaborated here.

[0264] S1403: The network device outputs a PBCH signal.

[0265] Optionally, the network device may also output the PSS and / or the SSS. Optionally, the PAPR of the PSS / SSS is not higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal. Since the PBCH signal uses single-carrier modulation and has a low PAPR. With this PAPR constraint on the PSS / SSS, it is possible to ensure a low-PAPR SSB, achieve the transmission of a high-power SSB, and increase the cell coverage range.

[0266] Optionally, before the network device outputs the PBCH signal, the network device may also perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS, as follows: The symbols carried by the PBCH are multiplied by the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; The symbols carried by the PSS are multiplied by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or the symbols carried by the SSS are multiplied by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

[0267] Optionally, the amplitude scaling may be power adjustment. For example, it may include power boost or power reduction. This amplitude scaling factor may also be referred to as a power adjustment factor, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any limitations. Through the above method, under the requirements of the maximum transmit power and the cell coverage range, it is possible to optimize the power of the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH signal, which is beneficial to improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0268] Optionally, the network device may send indication information to the terminal device, and the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS , and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS , the p SSS , and the p PBCHThe ratio relationship among the three, or the indication information is used to indicate the p PSS , the p SSS and the other corresponding values of the p PBCH . In one example, the indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship between the SSS amplitude scaling factor and the PSS amplitude scaling factor, and the ratio relationship between the PBCH amplitude scaling factor and the SSS amplitude scaling factor. For example, the ratio relationship between the SSS amplitude scaling factor and the PSS amplitude scaling factor The ratio relationship between the PBCH amplitude scaling factor and the SSS amplitude scaling factor In this way, PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS / PBCH, and SSS can be used as the DMRS of the PBCH signal. Correspondingly, the channel estimation obtained by the terminal device from the PSS can be used for the demodulation of SSS / PBCH, or the channel estimation obtained by the terminal device from the SSS can be used for the demodulation of the PBCH. Optionally, some time-frequency resources can be used to transmit dedicated PBCH DMRS at this time, reducing the overhead. Optionally, these saved time-frequency resources can also be used for the PBCH signal to carry more information.

[0269] In one example, assume that the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, and the same FDSS processing is performed on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal. The channels experienced by the PSS, SSS, and PBCH are the same, that is, the channel frequency response (CFR) is approximately the same. During the demodulation process of the PSS, SSS, and PBCH by the terminal device, the equivalent channel response obtained based on the PSS is: p PSS ·CFR·FDSS, and the equivalent channel response obtained based on the SSS is p PSS ·CFR·FDSS. During the process of channel estimation by the terminal device, to make the PSS serve as the DMRS of the SSS, it is necessary to determine the ratio relationship between the SSS amplitude scaling factor and the PSS amplitude scaling factor To make the SSS serve as the DMRS of the PBCH, it is necessary to determine the ratio relationship between the PBCH amplitude scaling factor and the SSS amplitude scaling factor

[0270] S1404: The terminal device receives the SSB.

[0271] Among them, the SSB includes the PSS, SSS, and PBCH signals.

[0272] S1405: The terminal device determines the first frequency-domain resource location of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource location of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource location of the PBCH signal.

[0273] Among them, the PBCH signal is obtained by performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource location. The single-carrier modulation includes performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource location of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource location of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource location of the PBCH signal. Specifically, it can refer to the steps shown above and will not be elaborated here.

[0274] Among them, after the terminal device receives the SSB, it demodulates the SSB. Taking the PBCH demodulation as an example, please refer to Figure 22 , Figure 22 which is a schematic diagram of a PBCH demodulation process provided by an embodiment of this application. The demodulation process includes removing the CP, DFT, subcarrier demapping, equalization, and IDFT. Optionally, if there is no dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB, channel estimation needs to be performed based on the PSS / SSS for PBCH demodulation. Optionally, if there is a dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB and it is a single symbol, channel estimation needs to be performed based on the PBCH DMRS for PBCH demodulation. Optionally, if there is a dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB and it shares a PBCH symbol with the PBCH data, channel estimation needs to be performed based on the PBCH DMRS first, and then the PBCH data is demodulated. Optionally, if there is a dedicated PBCH DMRS in the SSB, the channel estimation performance can also be enhanced based on the algorithm (such as interpolation and / or extrapolation in the time direction) by combining the channel estimation results obtained from the PSS / SSS and the PBCH DMRS, improving the PBCH demodulation performance.

[0275] Optionally, the channel estimation performed by the terminal device can be, for example, the estimation of the CFR or the equivalent channel response, and specifically includes the following several methods:

[0276] Method 1: When the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are in the above Case 1, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the PSS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the SSS, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the PBCH signal are the same, there is no PBCH DMRS in the SSB. The terminal device can use the PSS as the DMRS of the SSS / PBCH signal and the SSS as the DMRS of the PBCH signal. Since the CFR experienced by the PSS, SSS, and PBCH, or equivalently the channel response (equal to the CFR multiplied by the FDSS coefficient), can be considered approximately the same, the CFR estimate or the equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the PSS can be used for demodulating the SSS / PBCH signal. Optionally, the CFR estimate or the equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the PSS can be used for equalizing the SSS or PBCH signal. Through the above method, the PSS can be used as the DMRS of the SSS / PBCH signal and the SSS can be used as the DMRS of the PBCH signal. Optionally, the DMRS overhead omitted due to the absence of PBCH DMRS in the SSB can be used for the PBCH to carry more information.

[0277] Method 2: When the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are in the above Case 2, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the SSS and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the PBCH signal are the same, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS and the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS are the same, there is no PBCH DMRS in the SSB. The terminal device can use the PSS as the DMRS of the SSS, and the channel estimation of the SSS needs to be extrapolated / interpolated in the frequency direction. The SSS is used as the DMRS of the PBCH. Optionally, the CFR estimate or the equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the PSS can be used for demodulating the SSS, and the CFR estimate or the equivalent channel response estimate obtained based on the SSS can be used for demodulating the PBCH signal.

[0278] Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single - carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0. When the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to PSS, SSS, and PBCH channels are equal. The reason why PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS is that the CFR estimation of the common part of the first frequency - domain resource position of PSS and the second frequency - domain resource position of SSS can be considered approximately the same. The channel estimation of SSS needs to be extrapolated / interpolated in the frequency direction because only the CFR estimation corresponding to the first frequency - domain resource position of PSS can be obtained through PSS, but the frequency - domain resources of SSS include those of PSS, that is, the bandwidth of SSS is greater than that of PSS. Therefore, the CFR within a part of the bandwidth of SSS can be obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the CFR within the bandwidth of PSS. The reason why SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH is that the CFRs experienced by SSS and PBCH can be considered approximately the same.

[0279] Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single - carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0. The reason why PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS is that the equivalent channel response (equal to CFR multiplied by the FDSS coefficient) of the common part of the first frequency - domain resource position of PSS and the second frequency - domain resource position of SSS can be considered approximately the same. The channel estimation of SSS needs to be extrapolated / interpolated in the frequency direction because only the estimation of the equivalent channel response corresponding to the first frequency - domain resource position of PSS can be obtained through PSS, but the frequency - domain resources of SSS include those of PSS, that is, the bandwidth of SSS is greater than that of PSS. Therefore, the CFR within a part of the bandwidth of SSS can be obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the equivalent channel response within the bandwidth of PSS. The reason why SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH is that the equivalent channel responses experienced by SSS and PBCH can be considered approximately the same.

[0280] In one example, please refer to Figure 23 , Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the CFR of PSS in Case 2 provided by the embodiments of the present application. Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single - carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0. From Figure 23 , it can be seen that the wavy line within PSS represents the CFR estimation corresponding to PSS, and the wavy line outside PSS represents the CFR estimation within a part of the bandwidth of SSS. The CFR estimation within this part of the bandwidth of SSS is obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the CFR within the bandwidth of PSS.

[0281] In one example, please refer to Figure 24 , Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the FDSS of PSS in Case 2 provided by the embodiments of the present application. Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single - carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0. FromFigure 24 It can be seen that the solid lines in the figure represent FDSS. The equivalent channel response estimation within the partial bandwidth of the SSS / PBCH is obtained by extrapolating the equivalent channel response estimation within the bandwidth of the PSS.

[0282] In Method 2, through the above method, the PSS can be used as the DMRS of the SSS signal, and the SSS can be used as the DMRS of the PBCH signal. Optionally, the DMRS overhead omitted due to the absence of PBCH DMRS in the SSB can be used for the PBCH to carry more information.

[0283] Method 3: When the first frequency-domain resource position, the second frequency-domain resource position, and the third frequency-domain resource position are in the above Case 3, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the PSS are the same as those corresponding to the SSS, and the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, the terminal device can use the PSS as the DMRS of the SSS. The PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS of the PBCH signal, and the PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction. Optionally, the CFR estimation or equivalent channel response estimation obtained based on the PSS / SSS can be used for the equalization of the PBCH signal.

[0284] Assume that the symbols carried by the PBCH adopt QPSK single-carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0. When the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the PSS, SSS, and PBCH channels are equal. The reason why the PSS can be used as the DMRS of the SSS is that the CFRs experienced by the PSS and SSS can be considered the same. The PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction because only the CFR estimation of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS / second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS can be obtained through the PSS / SSS, or rather, only the CFR estimation within the bandwidth of the PSS / SSS can be obtained. However, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal are larger than those of the PSS / SSS. Therefore, the CFR within the partial bandwidth of the PBCH signal can only be obtained by extrapolating the CFR within the bandwidth of the PSS / SSS.

[0285] Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single - carrier modulation, the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0. The reason why PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS is that the estimation of the equivalent channel response (equal to CFR multiplied by the FDSS coefficient) experienced by PSS and SSS can be considered the same. PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction because through PSS / SSS, only the estimation of the equivalent channel response at the first frequency - domain resource position of PSS / the second frequency - domain resource position of SSS can be obtained, or rather, only the estimation of the equivalent channel response within the bandwidth of PSS / SSS can be obtained. However, the frequency - domain resources of the PBCH signal are larger than those of PSS / SSS. Therefore, the estimation of the equivalent channel response within a partial bandwidth of the PBCH signal can only be obtained by extrapolating / interpolating the estimation of the equivalent channel response within the bandwidth of PSS / SSS.

[0286] It should be noted that when the first frequency - domain resource position, the second frequency - domain resource position, and the third frequency - domain resource position are in the above - mentioned case 3, the extrapolation of PBCH channel estimation may deteriorate the PBCH demodulation performance. Therefore, there can be a separate DMRS symbol in the SSB, and this separate DMRS symbol is used for PBCH channel estimation. The specific design method can refer to Figure 18 As shown, the relevant detailed description can be referred to as above. Or rather, when the PBCH DMRS does not separately occupy a symbol in the time domain, the PBCH data and the PBCH DMRS are in the same symbol. Specifically, it can be referred to Figure 19 As shown, the relevant detailed description can be referred to the above description. Optionally, the terminal device can obtain the CFR estimation or equivalent channel response estimation of the PBCH signal based on the CFR estimation determined by PSS / SSS and the CFR estimation or equivalent channel response estimation obtained based on the DMRS.

[0287] In one example, please refer to Figure 25 , Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the CFR of PSS in case 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single - carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is equal to 0. It can be seen from the figure that the wavy line within PSS represents the CFR corresponding to PSS, and PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS. PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH, and PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction.

[0288] In one example, please refer to Figure 26 , Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the FDSS of PSS in case 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Assume that the symbols carried by PBCH adopt QPSK single - carrier modulation and the bandwidth scaling factor is greater than 0. From Figure 26It can be seen that the solid lines in the figure represent FDSS, and PSS can be used as the DMRS of SSS. PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH, and the PBCH channel estimation is extrapolated in the frequency direction.

[0289] In Figure 14 In the method described above, by introducing FDSS processing in single - carrier modulation, the PAPR of the PBCH signal can be further reduced. Additionally, by performing the same FDSS processing on the common part of the frequency - domain resources occupied by PSS, PBCH, and SSS respectively, PSS can be used as the demodulation reference signal DMRS of SSS / PBCH or PSS / SSS can be used as the DMRS of PBCH. Optionally, some time - frequency resources can be used without transmitting dedicated PBCH DMRS, reducing the overhead (in 5G NR, the overhead of PBCH DMRS is about 15%). Optionally, these saved time - frequency resources can also be used for the PBCH signal to carry more information.

[0290] The method of the embodiments of the present application is elaborated in detail above, and the device of the embodiments of the present application is provided below.

[0291] Please refer to Figure 27 , Figure 27 which is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2700 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 2700 may include a processing unit 2701 and a transceiver unit 2702, and the specific details of each unit are as follows:

[0292] The processing unit 2701 is used for data processing. The transceiver unit 2702 can implement corresponding communication functions. The transceiver unit 2702 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication module.

[0293] Optionally, the communication device 2700 may further include a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 2701 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to implement the foregoing method embodiments.

[0294] The communication device 2700 can be used to perform the actions executed by the network device in the above - mentioned method embodiments. The communication device 2700 can be a network device or a component configurable in a network device. The processing unit 2701 is used to execute the operations related to the processing on the network device side in the above - mentioned method embodiments. The transceiver unit 2702 is used to execute the operations related to the communication on the network device side in the above - mentioned method embodiments.

[0295] Optionally, the transceiver unit 2702 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit. The sending unit is used to execute the sending operation in the above - mentioned method embodiments. The receiving unit is used to execute the receiving operation in the above - mentioned method embodiments.

[0296] It should be noted that the communication device 2700 may include a sending unit but not a receiving unit. Alternatively, the communication device 2700 may include a receiving unit but not a sending unit. Specifically, it depends on whether the above-mentioned solution executed by the communication device 2700 includes a sending action and a receiving action.

[0297] Optionally, the communication device 2700 is used to execute the actions performed by the network device in the above Figure 14 illustrated embodiments. Specifically, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions in the above Figure 14 illustrated embodiments, which will not be elaborated here in detail. For example, the communication device 2700 is used to execute the following solution:

[0298] The processing unit 2701 is used to determine the first frequency-domain resource position of the primary synchronization signal PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the secondary synchronization signal SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the physical broadcast channel PBCH signal;

[0299] The processing unit 2701 is further used to perform single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal. The single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal;

[0300] The transceiver unit 2702 is used to output the PBCH signal.

[0301] In a possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resource of the SSS includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS, or, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS.

[0302] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resource of the PSS is a part of the frequency-domain resource of the SSS.

[0303] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS is a part of the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal.

[0304] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is configured to multiply the frequency-domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient.

[0305] In yet another possible implementation, if the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes the PBCH DMRS.

[0306] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is further configured to determine a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0307] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; the SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

[0308] In yet another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying QPSK, or π / 2-binary phase shift keying BPSK.

[0309] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0310] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation.

[0311] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0312] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH signal bandwidth scaling factor.

[0313] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is further configured to perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or perform amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS.

[0314] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2701 is configured to multiply the symbols carried by the PBCH by the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; multiply the symbols carried by the PSS by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or multiply the symbols carried by the SSS by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

[0315] In yet another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 2702 is further configured to send indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS , and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or the indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship of the p PSS , the p SSS , and the p PBCH among the three.

[0316] It should be noted that the implementation and beneficial effects of each module can also be correspondingly referred to Figure 14 the corresponding description in the method embodiment shown.

[0317] Optionally, the communication device 2700 is configured to perform the actions performed by the terminal device in the above Figure 14 shown embodiment. Specifically, reference can be made to the relevant introduction in the above Figure 14 shown embodiment, which will not be elaborated here in detail. For example, the communication device 2700 is configured to perform the following scheme:

[0318] The transceiver unit 2702 is configured to receive a synchronization signal block SSB, where the SSB includes: a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal;

[0319] The processing unit 2701 is configured to determine a first frequency-domain resource position of a primary synchronization signal PSS, a second frequency-domain resource position of a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a third frequency-domain resource position of a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on a common portion of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

[0320] In a possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resources of the SSS include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS, or, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS.

[0321] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS are a part of the frequency-domain resources of the SSS.

[0322] In another possible implementation, the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS are a part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal.

[0323] In another possible implementation, if the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, the PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain, the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS, the FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common portion of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or the PBCH signal includes the PBCH DMRS.

[0324] In another possible implementation, the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying QPSK modulation, or π / 2-binary phase shift keying BPSK modulation.

[0325] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; or, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0326] In yet another possible implementation, when the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK, the PSS and / or the SSS use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation.

[0327] In yet another possible implementation, the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

[0328] In yet another possible implementation, the PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

[0329] In yet another possible implementation, the transceiver unit 2702 is further configured to receive indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or, the indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship of the p PSS , the p SSS and the p PBCH among the three.

[0330] It should be noted that the implementation and beneficial effects of each module can also be correspondingly referred to Figure 14 the corresponding descriptions in the method embodiments shown.

[0331] It should be understood that the specific processes for each module to execute the above corresponding processes have been described in detail in the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0332] The processing unit 2701 in the above embodiments can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuits. The transceiver unit 2702 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuits. The transceiver unit 2702 can also be referred to as a communication module or communication interface. The storage module can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0333] Please refer to Figure 28 , Figure 28A communication device 2800 provided by an embodiment of the present application, the communication device 2800 includes at least one processor 2801 and a communication interface 2803. Optionally, it further includes a memory 2802. The processor 2801, the memory 2802, and the communication interface 2803 are interconnected through a bus 2804. Optionally, the processor 2801 and the memory 2802 can be integrated together.

[0334] The memory 2802 includes but is not limited to a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM). The memory 2802 is used for relevant computer programs and data. The communication interface 2803 is used for receiving and sending data.

[0335] The processor 2801 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs). In the case where the processor 2801 is a single CPU, the CPU can be a single-core CPU or a multi-core CPU.

[0336] The processor 2801 in the communication device 2800 is used to read the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 2802 to implement the functions of the above-mentioned processing unit. The communication interface 2803 in the communication device 2800 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned transceiver unit.

[0337] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip device, the chip device includes at least one processor, and the at least one processor is used to call the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the above Figure 14 method provided by the shown embodiment.

[0338] In a possible implementation, the input of the chip device corresponds to the receiving operation in any one of the above Figure 14 shown embodiments, and the output of the chip device corresponds to the sending operation in any one of the above Figure 14 shown embodiments.

[0339] Optionally, the processor is coupled to the memory through an interface.

[0340] Optionally, the chip device further includes a memory, and computer program instructions are stored in the memory.

[0341] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction runs on a processor, the method executed by the network device or the terminal device in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0342] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction runs on a processor, the method executed by the network device or the terminal device in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0343] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the network device in the above embodiment and the terminal device in the above embodiment. The network device is used to execute part or all of the operations executed by the network device in the above method embodiment, and the terminal device is used to execute part or all of the operations executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment.

[0344] It can be understood that the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0345] The method steps in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in a hardware manner or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions may be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules may be stored in a random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, register, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC may be located in a base station or a terminal. Of course, the processor and the storage medium may also exist as discrete components in a base station or a terminal.

[0346] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable devices. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired or wireless manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium can be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or can include both volatile and non-volatile types of storage media.

[0347] In various embodiments of the present application, if there is no special description and logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0348] In the description of the present application, terms such as "first", "second", "S1401", or "S1402" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and facilitating the context of the text. The different sequence numbers themselves do not have specific technical meanings and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying the execution order of operations. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0349] The term "and / or" in the present application is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Here, A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this text indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0350] In this application, "transmission" may include the following three cases: sending of data, receiving of data, or sending and receiving of data. In this application, "data" may include service data and / or signaling data.

[0351] In this application, the term "comprise" or "have" and any of its variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process / method that includes a series of steps, or a system / product / device that includes a series of units, is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes / methods / products / devices.

[0352] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, for the number of nouns, it means "singular noun or plural noun", that is, "one or more". "At least one" means one or more. "Comprising at least one of the following: A, B, C." means that it may include A, or include B, or include C, or include A and B, or include A and C, or include B and C, or include A, B, and C. Where A, B, and C can be single or multiple.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a network device, including: Determine the first frequency-domain resource position of the primary synchronization signal PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the secondary synchronization signal SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; Perform single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal, where the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal; Output the PBCH signal.

2. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal device, including: Receive a synchronization signal block SSB, where the SSB includes: a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; Determine the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Including: The first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same, or The second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS is the same as the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal, and the frequency-domain resource of the SSS includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS, or The first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frequency-domain resource of the SSS includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS, including: The frequency-domain resource of the PSS is a part of the frequency-domain resource of the SSS.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS, including: The frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS is a part of the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that, The performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal includes: Multiplying the frequency-domain data points corresponding to the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal by the same FDSS coefficient.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 - 6, characterized in that, If the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS is the same as the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, the frequency-domain resource of the PBCH signal includes the frequency-domain resource of the PSS or the SSS, and there is a PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS, The PBCH DMRS occupies a single symbol in the time domain. The frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal include the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH DMRS. The FDSS coefficients corresponding to the common part of the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and the PBCH DMRS are the same, or The PBCH signal includes PBCH DMRS.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determining a PSS bandwidth scaling factor, an SSS bandwidth scaling factor, or a PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the PSS; The SSS bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the SSS and / or the number of symbols carried by the SSS; The PBCH bandwidth scaling factor is related to the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency-domain resources of the PBCH signal and / or the number of symbols carried by the PBCH signal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 - 9, characterized in that, The symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation or π / 2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using QPSK modulation, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; Or, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are less than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor; Or, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are greater than the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

12. According to the method described in claim 10, wherein, When the symbols carried by the PBCH are modulated using π / 2-BPSK modulation, The PSS and / or the SSS use π / 2-BPSK single-carrier modulation.

13. According to the method described in claim 12, wherein, The first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal are the same.

14. According to the method described in claim 12 or 13, wherein, The PSS bandwidth scaling factor and the SSS bandwidth scaling factor are equal to the PBCH bandwidth scaling factor.

15. According to the method described in claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS.

16. According to the method described in claim 15, wherein, The performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PBCH, performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the PSS, or performing amplitude scaling on the symbols carried by the SSS includes: The symbol carried by the PBCH is multiplied by the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; The symbol carried by the PSS is multiplied by the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS ; or The symbols carried by the SSS are multiplied by the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS .

17. According to the method described in claim 15 or 16, wherein, The method further includes: Send indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or The indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship among the PSS p SSS p PBCH and the p three.

18. According to the method described in any one of claims 1 - 14, wherein, The method further includes: Receive indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate the PSS amplitude scaling factor p PSS , the SSS amplitude scaling factor p SSS and the PBCH amplitude scaling factor p PBCH ; or, The indication information is used to indicate the ratio relationship among the p PSS , the p SSS and the p PBCH .

19. A communication device, wherein, Includes: A processing unit and a transceiver unit, The processing unit is configured to determine the first frequency-domain resource position of the primary synchronization signal (PSS), the second frequency-domain resource position of the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and the third frequency-domain resource position of the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal; The processing unit is further configured to perform single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position to obtain the PBCH signal. The single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping (FDSS) processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal; The transceiver unit is configured to output the PBCH signal.

20. A communication device, wherein, It includes: a processing unit and a transceiver unit, The transceiver unit is configured to receive a synchronization signal block SSB, where the SSB includes: a primary synchronization signal PSS, a secondary synchronization signal SSS, and a physical broadcast channel PBCH signal; The processing unit is configured to determine a first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, a second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and a third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal; the PBCH signal is obtained by performing single-carrier modulation on the symbols carried by the PBCH based on the third frequency-domain resource position, and the single-carrier modulation includes performing the same frequency-domain spectral shaping FDSS processing on the common part of the first frequency-domain resource position of the PSS, the second frequency-domain resource position of the SSS, and the third frequency-domain resource position of the PBCH signal.

21. A communication device, wherein, The device includes at least one processor and a communication interface, and the at least one processor invokes a computer program or instruction stored in a memory to execute the method according to claims 1-18.

22. A communication system, wherein, The communication system includes: the device according to claim 19 and the device according to claim 20.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program or instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when it runs on a processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1-18.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program or instruction, and when the computer program or instruction runs on a computer, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1-18.

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