Spray administration device and system for lung diseases

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a spray dosing device and system for lung diseases, comprising a shell in which a medicine storage bin for storing liquid medicine and an atomizing component for atomizing and spraying the liquid medicine are mounted, the atomization assembly is communicated with the medicine storage bin, the respiration triggering assembly is installed at the end, away from the medicine storage bin, of the atomization assembly, the airflow adjusting assembly is installed in the atomization assembly, and the atomization assembly is communicated with the medicine storage bin. The airflow adjusting assembly is in signal connection with a controller, and the controller is in signal connection with the atomization assembly and the respiration triggering assembly. The system is used for achieving accurate and intelligent spray administration according to the breathing state of a patient, the deposition efficiency of medicine in the lung is improved, the treatment effect is optimized, and formulation of a personalized treatment scheme is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a spray administration device and system for pulmonary diseases. Background Art

[0002] In the treatment of pulmonary diseases, the spray administration method is widely used because it can directly act on the lesion area, with advantages such as rapid onset and low drug dosage. However, there are still many technical bottlenecks in existing pulmonary spray administration devices.

[0003] From the perspective of the drug administration control mechanism, traditional spray administration devices mostly adopt manual pressing or timed and quantitative drug administration modes. Manual pressing devices require patients to independently control the pressing timing and force. However, patients with pulmonary diseases (such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients) have rapid breathing and decreased movement coordination during an attack, making it difficult to accurately control the drug administration timing. Clinical research data shows that when administering drugs by manual pressing, about 60% of patients cannot trigger drug administration during the optimal inhalation phase, resulting in drug waste or insufficient deposition. The average pulmonary deposition rate of drugs is only 35%, seriously affecting the treatment effect. Although timed and quantitative drug administration devices do not require patients to operate manually, their fixed drug administration frequency and dose cannot match the actual breathing rhythm and disease changes of patients. When the breathing frequency of patients speeds up or slows down, there is a tendency for drug overdose or insufficient dose. For example, during an asthma attack after exercise, the breathing frequency of patients can suddenly increase from the normal 12 - 20 breaths per minute to 30 - 40 breaths per minute. The timed and quantitative device cannot adjust the drug administration frequency in time, resulting in the drug dose per unit time exceeding the requirement, which not only reduces the treatment efficiency but also may cause adverse reactions such as palpitations and tremors.

[0004] Existing devices also generally lack the ability to intelligently sense and adjust the breathing state of patients. The breathing state is one of the key factors affecting pulmonary drug deposition, including breathing frequency, breathing depth, and inhalation flow rate, etc. At the same time, traditional devices lack data collection and analysis functions and cannot record data such as the patient's medication history and breathing characteristics, making it difficult to formulate personalized treatment plans and unable to meet the requirements of clinical precision treatment. For example, medical staff cannot optimize the drug administration plan based on the patient's long-term medication data and can only adopt a "one-size-fits-all" treatment method, reducing the pertinence and effectiveness of treatment.

[0005] In summary, there are obvious deficiencies in many aspects of existing pulmonary spray administration devices, and there is an urgent need for a spray administration device and system for pulmonary diseases to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a spray administration device and system for pulmonary diseases, which can achieve precise and intelligent spray administration according to the patient's breathing state, improve the deposition efficiency of drugs in the lungs, optimize the treatment effect, and realize the formulation of personalized treatment plans.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A spray administration device for pulmonary diseases includes a housing, in which a medicine storage bin for storing liquid medicine, an atomization component for atomizing and spraying the liquid medicine, a breathing trigger component for sensing the patient's breathing action and triggering drug administration, and an air flow adjustment component for adjusting the size and flow rate of the air flow entering the atomizing nozzle. The atomization component is communicated with the medicine storage bin, the breathing trigger component is installed at one end of the atomization component far from the medicine storage bin, the air flow adjustment component is installed in the atomization component, the air flow adjustment component is signal-connected to a controller, and the controller is signal-connected to the atomization component and the breathing trigger component;

[0008] When the breathing trigger component detects the patient's inhalation action, the controller starts the atomization component and adjusts the air flow adjustment component to a preset air flow value;

[0009] When the breathing trigger component detects the inhalation peak, the controller increases the air flow rate of the air flow adjustment component;

[0010] When the breathing trigger component detects the exhalation action, the controller turns off the atomization component and resets the air flow adjustment component;

[0011] The controller dynamically adjusts the adjustment rate of the air flow adjustment component based on the real-time breathing frequency feedback by the breathing trigger component to form a drug administration rhythm adapting to the breathing cycle.

[0012] Further, the atomization component includes an atomization chamber, the atomization chamber is in the structure of a Venturi tube, both ends of the atomization chamber are communicated with connecting pipes, one connecting pipe at one end of the atomization chamber is communicated with the medicine storage bin, the other connecting pipe at the other end of the atomization chamber is communicated with the breathing trigger component, and an ultrasonic atomization sheet is installed in the atomization chamber. The ultrasonic atomization sheet is signal-connected to the controller.

[0013] Further, the breathing trigger component includes a breathing mask, the breathing mask is communicated with the connecting pipe at one end of the atomization chamber far from the medicine storage bin, a differential pressure sensor for detecting the differential pressure of the breathing air flow and a flow guide plate for guiding the air flow direction are installed in the breathing mask. The flow guide plate is installed at the connection of the connecting pipe and the breathing mask. One side of the flow guide plate is fixedly connected with a torsion spring, and the other end of the torsion spring far from the flow guide plate is fixedly connected with the connection of the connecting pipe and the breathing mask. The differential pressure sensor is signal-connected to the controller. The flow guide plate rotates around the torsion spring under the action of the breathing air flow, and the differential pressure sensor detects the breathing action according to the air flow change caused by the rotation of the flow guide plate.

[0014] Further, the air flow regulating assembly includes an outer regulating cylinder and an inner regulating cylinder arranged coaxially. The inner wall of the outer regulating cylinder is provided with spiral flow guiding grooves, and the outer wall of the inner regulating cylinder is provided with matching spiral protrusions. The interior of the outer regulating cylinder is frustum-shaped, and the inner regulating cylinder is initially located at the side with a larger inner diameter of the outer regulating cylinder. One end of the outer regulating cylinder communicates with the atomization chamber, and the other end of the outer regulating cylinder communicates with the connecting pipe. One end of the inner regulating cylinder is fixedly connected with a vertical rod, and the end of the vertical rod far from the inner regulating cylinder is fixedly connected with a nut seat. The nut seat is slidably matched with a threaded rod, and one end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with a power component. The power component is signal-connected to the controller, and the power component is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the outer regulating cylinder.

[0015] Further, a liquid level sensor for real-time monitoring of the liquid level height of the liquid medicine in the medicine storage bin is installed in the medicine storage bin. A rotatable conical piston is provided at the bottom of the medicine storage bin. An annular liquid medicine channel is formed between the conical piston and the inner wall of the medicine storage bin. An axial through hole is provided at the center of the top of the conical piston and communicates with the atomization chamber. One end of the conical piston is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driving component. The liquid level sensor and the driving component are both signal-connected to the controller;

[0016] When the liquid medicine in the medicine storage bin decreases, the controller adjusts the rotation speed of the driving component according to the feedback signal of the liquid level sensor, so that the conical piston rotates and rises.

[0017] Further, a flow limiting ring is installed on the inner side wall of the atomization chamber. One side of the flow limiting ring is fixedly connected with a connecting rod. The end of the connecting pipe far from the flow limiting ring is fixedly connected with the end of the inner regulating cylinder far from the power component.

[0018] Further, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are embedded in the breathing mask. The temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are both signal-connected to the controller. The controller adjusts the atomization parameters of the atomization component and the regulation strategy of the air flow regulating component according to the ambient temperature and humidity detected by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor.

[0019] A spray administration system for lung diseases, based on the spray administration device for lung diseases according to any one of the above claims, includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data storage module,

[0020] The data acquisition module is used to collect data of respiratory frequency, pressure difference change, liquid medicine level, ambient temperature and humidity and air flow parameters in real time through the breathing trigger component, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air flow regulating component, and is also used to receive the historical medication data of the patient;

[0021] The data processing module is used to establish a respiratory pattern recognition model by using machine learning algorithms, dynamically adjust the administration parameters based on the historical medication data and real-time respiratory characteristics, and generate a personalized administration plan;

[0022] The data storage module is used to encrypt and store the patient's medication records, device operating status, and environmental parameters using blockchain technology. It is also used to store the collected data and processing results.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a user interaction module. The user interaction module is signal-connected to the data processing module. The user interaction module is used to display the collected data, processing results, and preset parameters in the controller. At the same time, it receives the user's operation instructions and feeds them back to the data processing module.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a remote communication module. The remote communication module is signal-connected to the data processing module. The remote communication module is used to transmit the collected data, processing results, and the user's operation record information to a remote server or a mobile terminal. At the same time, it is also used to receive control instructions sent by the remote server or the mobile terminal to achieve remote control of the device.

[0025] The following are the beneficial effects of adopting the above solution:

[0026] 1. In this solution, through the linkage between the breath trigger component and the controller, precise matching of the breath cycle for drug administration is achieved.

[0027] Compared with the traditional technology of fixed-frequency drug administration or manual pressing trigger (which cannot be adjusted according to the actual breathing rhythm of the patient, easily leading to drug waste or insufficient deposition), this device administers drugs only when the patient inhales, and dynamically adjusts the airflow according to the inhalation peak, enabling the drug to accurately reach the lung lesion area, significantly improving the drug deposition efficiency, reducing drug loss, and reducing the risk of side effects.

[0028] 2. An atomization component that combines a Venturi tube structure atomization chamber and an ultrasonic atomization sheet is adopted.

[0029] Compared with traditional single ultrasonic atomization or jet atomization (which has problems such as uneven droplet size and low atomization efficiency), the Venturi tube can utilize the air flow negative pressure to enhance the atomization effect of the liquid medicine. Combined with the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic wave, it can generate finer and more uniform droplets (the average droplet size can be controlled within 1 - 5μm), which is more conducive to lung absorption and improves the treatment effect.

[0030] 3. The air flow adjustment component realizes fine control of the air flow through the spiral structure of the inner and outer adjustment cylinders.

[0031] Compared with traditional fixed-aperture or simple baffle air flow adjustment (which can only provide fixed-gear air flow and cannot meet the personalized needs of different patients), this solution can continuously and precisely adjust the air flow size and velocity according to the breathing frequency, inhalation intensity, and environmental parameters, forming a spiral air flow to promote uniform dispersion of droplets, making the distribution of drugs in the lungs more uniform, improving the treatment effect while reducing respiratory tract irritation.

[0032] 4. A liquid medicine supply mechanism in which the conical piston in the medicine storage bin is linked with the liquid level sensor.

[0033] Compared with traditional medicine storage bins that rely on gravity or piston linear motion (which have problems such as a large amount of residual liquid medicine and unstable supply pressure), in this solution, the conical piston rotates and rises, and the cross-sectional area of the annular channel can be automatically adjusted according to the remaining amount of liquid medicine, ensuring a constant liquid medicine supply pressure, reducing the residual amount of liquid medicine (the residual amount can be reduced to 1 / 3 of that of traditional devices), improving the utilization rate of liquid medicine, and extending the single-dose usage time.

[0034] 5. The linkage between the flow-limiting ring and the inner adjustment cylinder further optimizes the atomization effect.

[0035] Compared with traditional atomization devices that lack dynamic adjustment of the flow channel (unable to optimize the flow field in the atomization chamber according to airflow changes), in this solution, the flow-limiting ring moves synchronously with the inner adjustment cylinder, which can change the cross-sectional area of the local flow channel in the atomization chamber, enhance the degree of airflow turbulence at the peak of inhalation, promote the refinement and uniform distribution of droplets; assist in closing the flow channel during the exhalation stage to prevent the backflow of liquid medicine from causing pollution, and improve the reliability and atomization efficiency of the device.

[0036] 6. The spray drug delivery system integrates multi-sensor data acquisition and machine learning algorithms.

[0037] Compared with traditional drug delivery devices that only have a single drug delivery function (lacking data monitoring and intelligent analysis capabilities and unable to achieve personalized treatment), this system collects multi-dimensional data such as respiration, liquid medicine, and environment in real time, uses a machine learning model to dynamically adjust drug delivery parameters, generates a personalized drug delivery plan, and combines blockchain technology to ensure data security. At the same time, the remote communication and user interaction module enables remote monitoring and operation, and medical staff can grasp the patient's treatment situation in real time and adjust the treatment plan in a timely manner, significantly improving the intelligent level of treatment and patient compliance.

[0038] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 Isometric view of the embodiment of the spray drug delivery device for lung diseases of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 Side view of the embodiment of the spray drug delivery device for lung diseases of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 Is Figure 2 Cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in

[0042] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the housing in the embodiment of the spray drug delivery device for lung diseases of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a framework diagram of the spray administration device and its system embodiment for pulmonary diseases of the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: 1, housing; 101, medicine storage bin; 102, atomization chamber; 2, connecting pipe; 3, breathing mask; 4, outer adjustment cylinder; 5, inner adjustment cylinder; 6, spiral diversion groove; 7, driving member; 8, conical piston; 9, flow limiting ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0048] The following is further detailed through specific implementation manners:

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] As shown in the attached Figures 1 to 4As shown: A spray administration device for lung diseases, including a housing 1, in which a medicine storage bin 101 for storing liquid medicine is installed, an atomization component for atomizing and spraying the liquid medicine, a breathing trigger component for sensing the breathing movement of the patient and triggering drug administration, and an air flow regulation component for regulating the size and flow rate of the air flow entering the atomizing nozzle. The atomization component is communicated with the medicine storage bin 101. The breathing trigger component is installed at one end of the atomization component away from the medicine storage bin 101. The air flow regulation component is installed in the atomization component. The air flow regulation component is signal-connected to a controller, and the controller is signal-connected to the atomization component and the breathing trigger component.

[0051] A liquid level sensor for real-time monitoring of the liquid level height of the liquid medicine in the medicine storage bin 101 is installed in the medicine storage bin 101. A rotatable conical piston 8 is provided at the bottom of the medicine storage bin 101. An annular liquid medicine channel is formed between the conical piston 8 and the inner wall of the medicine storage bin 101. An axial through hole is provided at the center of the top of the conical piston 8 and is communicated with the atomization chamber 102. One end of the conical piston 8 is coaxially and fixedly connected to a driving member 7. In this embodiment, the driving member 7 is a servo motor. The conical piston 8 and the output shaft of the driving member 7 form a ball screw structure. The liquid level sensor and the driving member 7 are both signal-connected to the controller. When the liquid medicine in the medicine storage bin 101 decreases, the controller adjusts the rotation speed of the driving member 7 according to the feedback signal of the liquid level sensor, so that the conical piston 8 rotates and rises.

[0052] The atomization component includes an atomization chamber 102. The atomization chamber 102 is a Venturi tube structure. Connecting pipes 2 are communicated with both ends of the atomization chamber 102. One connecting pipe 2 at one end of the atomization chamber 102 is communicated with the medicine storage bin 101, and the other connecting pipe 2 at the other end of the atomization chamber 102 is communicated with the breathing trigger component. An ultrasonic atomization sheet is installed in the atomization chamber 102, and the ultrasonic atomization sheet is signal-connected to the controller.

[0053] The breathing trigger component includes a breathing mask 3. Fixing components are installed on both sides of the breathing mask 3. In this embodiment, the fixing components are straps. The breathing mask 3 is communicated with the connecting pipe 2 at one end of the atomization chamber 102 away from the medicine storage bin 101. A differential pressure sensor for detecting the differential pressure of the breathing air flow and a flow guide plate for guiding the air flow direction are installed in the breathing mask 3. The flow guide plate is installed at the connection between the connecting pipe 2 and the breathing mask 3. One side of the flow guide plate is fixedly connected to a torsion spring, and the end of the torsion spring away from the flow guide plate is fixedly connected to the connection between the connecting pipe 2 and the breathing mask 3. The differential pressure sensor is signal-connected to the controller. The flow guide plate rotates around the torsion spring under the action of the breathing air flow, and the differential pressure sensor detects the breathing movement according to the air flow change caused by the rotation of the flow guide plate.

[0054] The air flow regulating assembly includes an outer regulating cylinder 4 and an inner regulating cylinder 5 arranged coaxially. The inner wall of the outer regulating cylinder 4 is provided with a spiral guiding groove 6, and the outer wall of the inner regulating cylinder 5 is provided with a matching spiral protrusion. The interior of the outer regulating cylinder 4 is frustum-shaped, and the inner regulating cylinder 5 is initially located on the side with a larger inner diameter of the outer regulating cylinder 4. One end of the outer regulating cylinder 4 communicates with the atomization chamber 102, and the other end of the outer regulating cylinder 4 communicates with the connecting pipe 2. One end of the inner regulating cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with a vertical rod, the end of the vertical rod far from the inner regulating cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with a nut seat, the nut seat is threadedly connected with a threaded rod, one end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with a power component, in this embodiment, the power component is a micro motor, the power component is signal-connected with the controller, and the power component is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the outer regulating cylinder 4.

[0055] A flow limiting ring 9 is installed on the inner side wall of the atomization chamber 102. One side of the flow limiting ring 9 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, and the end of the connecting pipe 2 far from the flow limiting ring 9 is fixedly connected with the end of the inner regulating cylinder 5 far from the power component.

[0056] When the breathing trigger assembly detects the patient's inhalation action, the controller starts the atomization assembly and adjusts the air flow regulating assembly to a preset air flow value; when the breathing trigger assembly detects the inhalation peak value, the controller increases the air flow rate of the air flow regulating assembly; when the breathing trigger assembly detects the exhalation action, the controller turns off the atomization assembly and resets the air flow regulating assembly; the controller dynamically adjusts the adjustment rate of the air flow regulating assembly based on the real-time breathing frequency feedback by the breathing trigger assembly, forming a drug delivery rhythm that adapts to the breathing cycle.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0058] I. Wearing and Initial State Confirmation

[0059] The patient fixes the device on the face through the straps on both sides of the breathing mask 3 to ensure that the breathing mask 3 fits tightly. At this time, the liquid level sensor in the medicine storage bin 101 continuously monitors the liquid level height of the medicine liquid and transmits the data to the controller in real time. The inner regulating cylinder 5 and the outer regulating cylinder 4 of the air flow regulating assembly are in the initial position. The spiral protrusion on the outer wall of the inner regulating cylinder 5 cooperates with the spiral guiding groove 6 on the inner wall of the outer regulating cylinder 4 to form an air flow channel with the largest cross-sectional area in the initial state, ensuring that the air flow can pass through at a low speed and smoothly. Under the action of the torsion spring, the guiding plate of the breathing trigger assembly closely fits at the connection between the connecting pipe 2 and the breathing mask 3, forming a closed state, effectively preventing external dust and impurities from entering the device and maintaining a clean internal environment.

[0060] II. Inhalation Action Trigger and Initial Drug Delivery

[0061] When the patient starts to inhale, the thrust generated by the airflow acts on the guide plate, causing it to overcome the resistance of the torsion spring and rotate around the connection point. The rotation of the guide plate changes the flow direction and flow velocity distribution of the airflow in the respiratory mask 3, which in turn causes a pressure difference in the airflow. The differential pressure sensor keenly captures this pressure difference change and quickly transmits the signal to the controller. After receiving the inhalation signal, the controller immediately starts the ultrasonic atomizer in the atomizer assembly, causing it to start high-frequency vibration. At the same time, the controller sends an instruction to the micro motor of the airflow adjustment assembly to drive the threaded rod to start rotating. The rotation of the threaded rod drives the nut seat to move axially, and the nut seat transmits power through the vertical rod, prompting the inner adjustment tube 5 to rotate. The spiral protrusion on the outer wall of the inner adjustment tube 5 interacts with the spiral guide groove 6 on the inner wall of the outer adjustment tube 4 to adjust the cross-sectional area of the airflow channel and adjust the airflow to the preset initial airflow value. Under the action of the airflow, the liquid medicine in the medicine storage chamber 101 flows into the atomization chamber 102 through the axial through hole at the top center of the conical piston 8, combines with the high-frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic atomization piece to achieve preliminary atomization, and enters the breathing mask 3 together with the airflow.

[0062] 3. Intensive drug administration during peak inspiration

[0063] As the inhalation process continues to advance, when the breathing trigger component detects the inhalation peak, the pressure difference detected by the pressure differential sensor reaches the preset peak threshold and feeds the signal back to the controller. After receiving the inhalation peak signal, the controller sends instructions to the micro motor again to accelerate the rotation of the threaded rod. The increased speed of the threaded rod drives the inner adjustment cylinder 5 to move at a faster speed, further reducing the cross-sectional area of the airflow channel formed by the inner adjustment cylinder 5 and the outer adjustment cylinder 4. According to the principles of fluid mechanics, when the cross-sectional area of the channel is reduced, the airflow velocity will increase significantly. When the inner adjustment cylinder 5 moves to adjust the airflow, the flow limiting ring 9 moves accordingly to change the local flow channel cross-sectional area in the atomization chamber 102. The local flow channel cross-sectional area in the atomization chamber 102 is further reduced, which enhances the turbulence of the airflow in the atomization chamber 102 and further adjusts the atomization effect. At the same time, the conical piston 8 at the bottom of the medicine storage chamber 101 begins to rotate and rise under the action of the driving member 7. As the conical piston 8 rises, the cross-sectional area of the annular liquid medicine passage formed between it and the inner wall of the medicine storage chamber 101 gradually decreases, squeezing more liquid medicine into the atomization chamber 102. Under the combined action of the high-speed airflow and the increased liquid medicine supply, the ultrasonic atomizer fully atomizes the liquid medicine into smaller and more uniform droplets. These droplets are delivered to the patient's lungs with greater efficiency through the breathing mask 3, significantly improving the efficiency of drug deposition in the lungs.

[0064] 4. Exhalation Action Response and Device Reset

[0065] When the patient starts to exhale, the exhaled airflow pushes the guide plate to rotate in the opposite direction. Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring, the guide plate quickly resets and fits tightly again at the connection point between the connecting tube 2 and the breathing mask 3, effectively blocking the exhaled gas from flowing back to the atomization chamber 102 and preventing the liquid medicine from being contaminated. At the same time, the differential pressure sensor detects the pressure difference change and transmits the exhalation signal to the controller. After receiving the exhalation signal, the controller immediately turns off the ultrasonic atomizer and stops the atomization process of the liquid medicine. Subsequently, the controller sends a reset instruction to the micromotor, and the micromotor drives the threaded rod to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the inner adjustment cylinder 5 returns to the initial position, and the airflow channel returns to the maximum cross-sectional area. The airflow adjustment component completes the reset operation and is fully prepared for the next inhalation drug administration.

[0066] 5. Dynamic Adjustment of Drug Residue and Adaptive Drug Delivery

[0067] Throughout the medication process, a liquid level sensor continuously monitors the liquid level within storage chamber 101 and provides real-time feedback to the controller. When the controller determines, based on the level sensor's feedback, that the liquid in storage chamber 101 is decreasing, it precisely adjusts the speed of driver 7 based on a pre-set algorithm and parameters such as the current respiratory rate, causing conical piston 8 to rotate and rise at a specific rate. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the cross-sectional area of the annular liquid channel can be adjusted accordingly to maintain a stable liquid supply, even if the remaining liquid level fluctuates.

[0068] At the same time, the respiratory trigger component continuously monitors the patient's respiratory rate in real time and feeds the data back to the controller. The controller conducts in-depth analysis and processing of the real-time respiratory rate based on preset algorithms and models. When a change in respiratory rate is detected, such as the patient's respiratory rate speeds up or slows down, the controller will dynamically adjust the adjustment rate of the airflow adjustment component and the rising rate of the conical piston 8 according to the change. If the respiratory rate speeds up, the controller starts the accelerated adjustment process of the airflow adjustment component in advance and speeds up the rising rate of the conical piston 8, so that the appropriate airflow rate and liquid supply can be reached more quickly during the inhalation phase; if the respiratory rate slows down, the adjustment rate is slowed down accordingly to ensure that the corresponding drug dosage matches the rhythm, and the drug administration rhythm always keeps an accurate match with the patient's respiratory cycle, and continuously provides patients with personalized, efficient and stable drug administration treatment.

[0069] Example 2:

[0070] The difference from Example 1 is that the breathing mask 3 is embedded with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, both of which are connected to the controller signal. The controller adjusts the atomization parameters of the atomization component and the adjustment strategy of the airflow adjustment component according to the ambient temperature and humidity detected by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor.

[0071] The specific implementation process is as follows: The patient fixes the device on the face using the straps on both sides of the breathing mask 3. The temperature sensor and humidity sensor embedded in the breathing mask 3 immediately start to monitor the ambient temperature and humidity in real time and continuously transmit the data to the controller. According to the initial ambient data feedback by the temperature sensor and humidity sensor, if the ambient temperature is within the suitable range of 20 - 25°C and the humidity is within the range of 40 - 60%, the current atomization parameters and airflow adjustment strategy are maintained; if it exceeds this range, adaptive adjustment begins. Dynamic adjustment in different temperature and humidity environments

[0072] (1) Low-temperature environment (temperature < 20°C)

[0073] When the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is lower than 20°C, the controller determines it as a low-temperature environment. On the one hand, the vibration power of the ultrasonic atomization sheet is increased to make the liquid medicine atomize more fully, forming smaller-sized droplets to avoid rapid condensation of droplets due to low temperature; on the other hand, the micro motor is controlled to accelerate the driving of the inner adjustment cylinder 5 to further reduce the cross-sectional area of the airflow channel and increase the airflow velocity. When the high-speed airflow flows through the atomization chamber 102, stronger turbulence is generated in cooperation with the flow-limiting ring 9 to promote the uniform dispersion of droplets. At the same time, the inner adjustment cylinder 5 drives the flow-limiting ring 9 to move further, reducing the cross-sectional area of the local flow channel in the atomization chamber 102 and enhancing the airflow's ability to carry droplets, ensuring that the drug can be smoothly delivered to the lungs and reducing the drug deposition loss caused by low temperature.

[0074] (2) High-temperature environment (temperature > 25°C)

[0075] If the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is higher than 25°C, the controller reduces the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic atomization sheet to reduce the atomization amount per unit time and prevent the rapid evaporation of droplets at high temperature. At the same time, the micro motor is controlled to decelerate, increasing the cross-sectional area of the airflow channel formed by the inner adjustment cylinder 5 and the outer adjustment cylinder 4 to reduce the airflow velocity. The slower airflow velocity allows the droplets to have a longer residence time in the atomization chamber 102, reducing evaporation loss. The flow-limiting ring 9 adjusts its position accordingly under the drive of the connecting rod, expanding the flow channel in the atomization chamber 102 and cooperating with the low-speed airflow to output the droplets smoothly, ensuring the effective delivery of the drug.

[0076] (3) High-humidity environment (humidity > 60%)

[0077] When the humidity sensor detects that the ambient humidity is greater than 60%, the controller increases the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic atomizing sheet to generate finer mist droplets, so as to enhance the anti-condensation ability of the mist droplets in a high-humidity environment. At the same time, the inner adjustment cylinder 5 is controlled to rotate rapidly, so that the air flow adjustment component outputs a high-speed spiral air flow. The high-speed air flow interacts with the flow-limiting ring 9 to form a strong eddy current in the atomization chamber 102, fully dispersing the mist droplets and preventing the mist droplets from aggregating due to high humidity. In addition, the controller will also appropriately adjust the rising rate of the conical piston 8 in the medicine storage bin 101 according to the humidity condition, optimize the medicine liquid supply amount, and ensure the atomization effect and the drug delivery efficiency.

[0078] (IV) Low-humidity environment (humidity < 40%)

[0079] If the humidity sensor detects that the ambient humidity is lower than 40%, the controller reduces the vibration power of the ultrasonic atomizing sheet to reduce the amount of mist droplets generated and prevent the mist droplets from drying out excessively in a low-humidity environment. At the same time, the inner adjustment cylinder 5 is controlled to rotate slowly, increasing the cross-sectional area of the air flow channel and reducing the air flow speed. The low-speed air flow cooperates with the flow-limiting ring 9 in the atomization chamber 102 to make the mist droplets mix more evenly and reduce the drug loss caused by the drying of the mist droplets. In addition, the controller adjusts the rotational rising rate of the conical piston 8 according to the humidity data to accurately control the medicine liquid supply and maintain a stable drug delivery effect.

[0080] During the inspiratory peak phase, the expiratory phase, and the entire respiratory cycle, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor continuously monitor the changes in the ambient temperature and humidity. Once the temperature and humidity fluctuations are detected, the controller immediately adjusts the atomization parameters of the atomization component and the adjustment strategy of the air flow adjustment component according to the new ambient data. For example, during the inspiratory peak phase, if the ambient temperature and humidity change at this time, the controller further optimizes the power of the ultrasonic atomizing sheet and the position of the flow-limiting ring 9 in combination with the temperature and humidity conditions on the basis of increasing the air flow velocity to ensure efficient drug delivery. During the expiratory phase, while the device completes the reset, it will also prepare for the adjustment strategy for the next inspiration according to the temperature and humidity data, always maintaining the best adaptation state with the environment and providing stable and efficient drug delivery treatment for the patient.

[0081] Embodiment 3:

[0082] As shown in the appendix Figure 5As shown in the figure, the difference from Embodiment 2 is that a spray administration system for pulmonary diseases is provided, which is based on the above-mentioned spray administration device for pulmonary diseases and includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and a data storage module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data on respiratory frequency, pressure difference changes, liquid medicine level, ambient temperature and humidity, and airflow parameters in real time through a respiration trigger component, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an airflow regulation component, and is also used to receive the patient's historical medication data; the data processing module is used to establish a respiratory pattern recognition model using machine learning algorithms, dynamically adjust the administration parameters based on the historical medication data and real-time respiratory characteristics, and generate a personalized administration plan; the data storage module is used to encrypt and store the patient's medication records, device operation status, and environmental parameters using blockchain technology, and is also used to store the collected data and processing results.

[0083] It further includes a user interaction module. The user interaction module is signal-connected to the data processing module. The user interaction module is used to display the collected data, processing results, and preset parameters in the controller, and at the same time receive the user's operation instructions and feedback them to the data processing module.

[0084] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0085] I. System initialization and data preloading

[0086] Before the patient first uses the spray administration system, medical staff enter the patient's basic information (such as age, gender, and medical history, etc.) and historical medication data into the system through the user interaction module. The data acquisition module receives and stores this information in the data storage module, and at the same time uses blockchain technology to encrypt the data to ensure data security. The data processing module, based on the historical medication data, uses machine learning algorithms to initially establish a patient-specific respiratory pattern recognition model, providing a basis for the subsequent formulation of a personalized administration plan.

[0087] II. Real-time data collection and transmission

[0088] Data collection by the respiration trigger component: When the patient wears the breathing mask 3 and starts breathing, the deflector rotates under the action of the airflow, and the differential pressure sensor continuously detects the changes in the airflow pressure difference, and transmits data such as the respiratory frequency, the time nodes of inhalation and exhalation, etc. to the data acquisition module.

[0089] Data collection by the liquid level sensor: The liquid level sensor in the medicine storage bin 101 continuously monitors the height of the liquid medicine level. Once the liquid medicine level changes, it sends the real-time liquid level data to the data acquisition module.

[0090] Data collection by the temperature and humidity sensors: The temperature sensor and humidity sensor embedded in the breathing mask 3 continuously sense the ambient temperature and humidity, and continuously transmit the data to the data acquisition module.

[0091] Data acquisition of the air flow regulation component: When the inner adjustment cylinder 5 rotates to adjust the air flow, the data acquisition module obtains air flow parameter data such as the current air flow size and flow rate through parameters such as the rotation angle of the threaded rod and the rotation speed of the micro motor.

[0092] The data acquisition module integrates the above real-time collected data, and at the same time retrieves the patient's historical medication data, and sends the complete data set to the data processing module.

[0093] III. Data processing and personalized medication plan generation

[0094] After receiving the data transmitted by the data acquisition module, the data processing module first inputs the real-time breathing feature data (such as breathing frequency, inspiratory peak intensity, etc.) into the breathing pattern recognition model, compares and analyzes it with the historical data, and judges the patient's current breathing state. Combining the environmental temperature and humidity data, liquid level data of the liquid medicine, and air flow parameter data, comprehensive operations are carried out using machine learning algorithms:

[0095] Atomization parameter adjustment: If the data shows that the environmental temperature is low and the humidity is high, the data processing module calculates that the atomization effect needs to be enhanced, then sends an instruction to the controller to increase the vibration power of the ultrasonic atomization sheet, and at the same time controls the air flow regulation component to increase the air flow rate.

[0096] Air flow regulation optimization: According to the breathing frequency and inspiratory peak data, dynamically adjust the rotation angle and speed of the inner adjustment cylinder 5 to ensure that appropriate air flow is provided at different breathing stages.

[0097] Medication plan generation: Based on the comprehensive analysis results, the data processing module generates a personalized medication plan, determines key medication parameters such as the atomization amount and air flow parameters for each breathing cycle, and sends control instructions to the controller to achieve precise medication.

[0098] IV. Data storage and security guarantee

[0099] The data storage module receives the original data of the data acquisition module and the processing results of the data processing module, and encrypts and stores the data using blockchain technology. The patient's medication records (including the time, dose, medication parameters, etc. of each medication), equipment operation status (such as the working hours of each component, fault records, etc.), and environmental parameters (temperature and humidity, air flow parameters, etc.) are all completely recorded and stored in the distributed ledger of the blockchain to ensure that the data cannot be tampered with and can be traced, providing a reliable basis for subsequent condition analysis and treatment plan adjustment.

[0100] V. User interaction and operation feedback

[0101] Data display: The user interaction module displays in real time the data collected by the data acquisition module, such as the respiratory rate curve, the remaining amount of liquid medicine level, the ambient temperature and humidity values, etc.; at the same time, it displays the processing results generated by the data processing module, including the current drug administration parameters, personalized drug administration plans, etc., as well as the parameters preset in the controller (such as the default atomization power range, air flow speed threshold, etc.), which is convenient for patients and medical staff to intuitively understand the operation status and treatment situation of the device.

[0102] Operation instruction reception and feedback: Patients or medical staff can operate the system through the user interaction module, such as manually adjusting the drug administration dose, switching the drug administration mode (normal mode, enhanced mode, etc.). The user interaction module feeds back the operation instructions to the data processing module. The data processing module adjusts the drug administration plan according to the instructions, and sends the adjusted control instructions to the controller for execution. At the same time, the relevant data is updated and displayed on the user interaction module to achieve a closed loop of operation and feedback.

[0103] Embodiment 4:

[0104] The difference from Embodiment 3 is that it further includes a remote communication module. The remote communication module is signal-connected to the data processing module. The remote communication module is used to transmit the collected data, processing results and the operation record information of the user to a remote server or a mobile terminal, and is also used to receive the control instructions sent by the remote server or the mobile terminal to achieve remote control of the device.

[0105] The specific implementation process is as follows: The remote communication module automatically detects the surrounding network environment, preferentially selects a stable 5G or Wi-Fi network for connection. If the network is poor, it will switch to the Bluetooth temporary transmission mode to ensure the smoothness of the data transmission link.

[0106] Medical staff or patient families log in to the dedicated medical platform through the mobile terminal. The remote communication module retrieves the patient's real-time medication data, device status data and historical treatment records from the remote server and displays them in a visual form such as charts and curves on the mobile terminal interface, which is convenient for remotely and real-time monitoring of the patient's treatment situation.

[0107] When medical staff find that the patient's treatment data is abnormal or need to adjust the treatment plan, they can input control instructions (such as temporarily increasing the atomization dose, adjusting the drug administration frequency, etc.) on the mobile terminal. The instructions are sent to the remote server through the remote communication module, and then forwarded by the server to the remote communication module of the device.

[0108] After receiving the instruction, the telecommunication module parses and transmits it to the data processing module. The data processing module generates a new drug administration plan according to the instruction and sends a control instruction to the controller for execution. Meanwhile, the operating status of the device and the adjusted treatment data are real-time fed back to the mobile terminal through the telecommunication module, and medical staff can confirm the execution effect of the instruction, realizing remote monitoring and precise control of the whole process.

[0109] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spray administration device for pulmonary diseases, comprising a housing (1), a medicine storage chamber (101) for storing liquid medicine installed in the housing (1), an atomization component for atomizing and spraying the liquid medicine, a respiration trigger component for sensing the respiration action of a patient and triggering drug administration, and an air flow regulation component for regulating the size and flow rate of the air flow entering the atomizing nozzle, characterized in that, The atomization component is connected to the medicine storage bin (101), the breathing trigger component is installed at one end of the atomization component away from the medicine storage bin (101), the air flow regulating component is installed in the atomization component, the air flow regulating component is signal-connected to a controller, and the controller is signal-connected to the atomization component and the breathing trigger component; When the breathing trigger component detects the patient's inhalation action, the controller starts the atomization component and adjusts the air flow regulating component to a preset air flow value; When the breathing trigger component detects the inhalation peak, the controller increases the air flow rate of the air flow regulating component; When the breathing trigger component detects the exhalation action, the controller turns off the atomization component and resets the air flow regulating component; The controller dynamically adjusts the adjustment rate of the air flow regulating component based on the real-time breathing frequency feedback by the breathing trigger component to form a drug delivery rhythm that adapts to the breathing cycle.

2. The spray administration device for pulmonary diseases according to claim 1, wherein, The atomization component includes an atomization chamber (102), the atomization chamber (102) is a Venturi tube structure, both ends of the atomization chamber (102) are connected with connecting pipes (2), one connecting pipe (2) at one end of the atomization chamber (102) is connected to the medicine storage bin (101), the other connecting pipe (2) at the other end of the atomization chamber (102) is connected to the breathing trigger component, and an ultrasonic atomization sheet is installed in the atomization chamber (102), and the ultrasonic atomization sheet is signal-connected to the controller.

3. The spray administration device for pulmonary diseases according to claim 2, characterized in that, The breathing trigger component includes a breathing mask (3), the breathing mask (3) is connected to the connecting pipe (2) at one end of the atomization chamber (102) away from the medicine storage bin (101), a differential pressure sensor for detecting the breathing air flow pressure difference and a flow guide plate for guiding the air flow direction are installed in the breathing mask (3), the flow guide plate is installed at the connection of the connecting pipe (2) and the breathing mask (3), one side of the flow guide plate is fixedly connected with a torsion spring, and the end of the torsion spring away from the flow guide plate is fixedly connected to the connection of the connecting pipe (2) and the breathing mask (3), the differential pressure sensor is signal-connected to the controller, the flow guide plate rotates around the torsion spring under the action of the breathing air flow, and the differential pressure sensor detects the breathing action according to the air flow change caused by the rotation of the flow guide plate.

4. The spray administration device for pulmonary diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air flow regulating component includes an outer regulating cylinder (4) and an inner regulating cylinder (5) arranged coaxially. The inner wall of the outer regulating cylinder (4) is provided with a spiral flow guiding groove (6), and the outer wall of the inner regulating cylinder (5) is provided with a matching spiral protrusion. The inside of the outer regulating cylinder (4) is frustum-shaped, and initially the inner regulating cylinder (5) is located on the side with a larger inner diameter of the outer regulating cylinder (4). One end of the outer regulating cylinder (4) is connected to the atomization chamber (102), the other end of the outer regulating cylinder (4) is connected to the connecting pipe (2), one end of the inner regulating cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with a vertical rod, the end of the vertical rod away from the inner regulating cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with a nut seat, the nut seat is slidably matched with a threaded rod, one end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with a power component, the power component is signal-connected to the controller, and the power component is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the outer regulating cylinder (4).

5. The spray administration device for pulmonary diseases according to claim 4, wherein, A liquid level sensor for real-time monitoring of the liquid level height of the liquid medicine in the medicine storage bin (101) is installed in the medicine storage bin (101). A rotatable conical piston (8) is provided at the bottom of the medicine storage bin (101). An annular liquid medicine channel is formed between the conical piston (8) and the inner wall of the medicine storage bin (101). An axial through hole is provided at the center of the top of the conical piston (8) and is communicated with the atomization chamber (102). One end of the conical piston (8) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driving member (7). Both the liquid level sensor and the driving member (7) are signal-connected to the controller. When the liquid medicine in the medicine storage bin (101) decreases, the controller adjusts the rotation speed of the driving member (7) according to the feedback signal of the liquid level sensor, so that the conical piston (8) rotates and rises.

6. The spray administration device for pulmonary diseases according to claim 5, characterized in that, A current-limiting ring (9) is installed on the inner side wall of the atomization chamber (102). One side of the current-limiting ring (9) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod. The end of the connecting pipe (2) far from the current-limiting ring (9) is fixedly connected with the end of the inner adjusting cylinder (5) far from the power member.

7. The spray administration device for pulmonary diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that, A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are embedded in the breathing mask (3). Both the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are signal-connected to the controller. The controller adjusts the atomization parameters of the atomization component and the adjustment strategy of the air flow adjustment component according to the ambient temperature and humidity detected by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor.

8. A spray administration system for pulmonary diseases, based on the spray administration device for pulmonary diseases according to any one of the above claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a data storage module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data of respiratory frequency, differential pressure change, liquid medicine level, ambient temperature and humidity, and air flow parameters in real time through the breathing trigger component, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air flow adjustment component, and is also used to receive the patient's historical medication data. The data processing module is used to establish a respiratory pattern recognition model by using machine learning algorithms, dynamically adjust the administration parameters based on the historical medication data and real-time respiratory characteristics, and generate a personalized administration plan. The data storage module is used to encrypt and store the patient's medication records, device operation status and environmental parameters by using blockchain technology, and is also used to store the collected data and processing results.

9. The spray administration system for pulmonary diseases according to claim 8, wherein, It also includes a user interaction module. The user interaction module is signal-connected to the data processing module. The user interaction module is used to display the collected data, processing results and preset parameters in the controller, and at the same time receive the user's operation instructions and feedback them to the data processing module.

10. The spray administration system for pulmonary diseases according to claim 9, wherein It also includes a remote communication module. The remote communication module is signal-connected to the data processing module. The remote communication module is used to transmit the collected data, processing results and the user's operation record information to a remote server or a mobile terminal, and is also used to receive the control instructions sent by the remote server or the mobile terminal to realize the remote control of the device.

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