Beam codebook generation method, beam management method, beam codebook generation device, beam management device and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam codebook generation method, a beam management method, a beam codebook generation device, a beam management method, a beam codebook generation device, a beam management device and communication equipment, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problem of relatively high beam forming codebook complexity in an existing near-field beam forming scheme. The method comprises the following steps: respectively determining the channel frequency response of each antenna unit according to the position of each antenna unit in an antenna array and a preset incident path parameter; respectively converting the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase mode response; and generating a beam codebook of each antenna unit according to the phase mode response of each antenna unit. According to the embodiment of the invention, the codebook complexity and the codebook number can be reduced, and the sensing speed is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a beam codebook generation and beam management method, apparatus, and communication device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional beamforming technology coherently superimposes signals from different antenna elements to jointly provide beam gain for the desired target direction. In an actual communication system, a beam training method with relatively low complexity is usually adopted to implement beamforming, that is, beams covering all possible positions of users are predefined in a codebook, and a connection between a transceiver is established based on codebook scanning during actual communication.

[0003] Traditional beam training mainly focuses on the far field. The area close to the antenna is called the near field or the Fresnel zone, and the area far from the antenna is called the far field or the Fraunhofer zone; the dividing line between the two zones can be taken as the radius where L is the maximum size of the antenna and λ is the wavelength. With the increase in the scale of antenna arrays in millimeter-wave and terahertz communications, electromagnetic waves can no longer be approximated as plane waves as in traditional far-field scenarios, but the more accurate spherical waves applicable to near-field scenarios should be considered. Usually, the angle domain is used to represent the channel in the far-field scenario, while when the near-field channel is represented in the angle domain, an energy diffusion effect will occur, causing the energy of one path to spread to multiple angles; to handle the energy diffusion effect, it is necessary to change to using polar coordinates to represent the near-field channel. Therefore, the near-field channel is jointly determined by the path angle and the path distance. For the design of the near-field codebook, it is necessary to consider both the desired angle and distance of the receiver, which greatly increases the number of codebooks.

[0004] It can be seen that in existing near-field beamforming schemes, the complexity of the beamforming codebook is relatively high, the sensing speed is slow, and it is difficult to meet the fast positioning requirements of sensing and positioning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide a beam codebook generation and beam management method, apparatus, and communication device to solve the problem that in existing near-field beamforming schemes, the complexity of the beamforming codebook is relatively high, the sensing speed is slow, and it is difficult to meet the fast positioning requirements of sensing and positioning.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a beam codebook generation method, including:

[0007] respectively determining the channel frequency response of each antenna element according to the position of each antenna element in the antenna array and preset incident path parameters;

[0008] respectively converting the channel frequency response of each antenna element into a phase-mode response;

[0009] Generate the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements according to the phase-mode responses of the respective antenna elements.

[0010] Optionally, the determining the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements according to the positions of the respective antenna elements in the antenna array and the incident path parameters includes:

[0011] Calculate the frequency response of the first antenna element on each incident path according to the angular position of the first antenna element and the K incident path parameters, where the first antenna element is any antenna element in the antenna array and K is a positive integer;

[0012] Superimpose the frequency responses of the first antenna element on each incident path to obtain the channel frequency response of the first antenna element.

[0013] Optionally, the converting the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements into phase-mode responses includes:

[0014] Convert the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements into phase-mode responses by successively passing them through a phase-mode excitation and a compensation filter.

[0015] Optionally, the generating the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements according to the phase-mode responses of the respective antenna elements includes:

[0016] Perform a discrete Fourier transform on the phase-mode response of the first antenna element to obtain the angular response of the first antenna element, where the first antenna element is any antenna element in the antenna array;

[0017] Exclude the channel frequency response of the first antenna element from the angular response of the first antenna element to obtain the beam codebook of the first antenna element.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a beam management method, which is executed by a base station, and the method includes:

[0019] Generate narrow beams in different directions by using the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements in the antenna array, where the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements are obtained by the beam codebook generation method described in the first aspect;

[0020] Transmit a first signal to the sensing target by using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0021] Receive the target transmission beam fed back by the sensing target, where the target transmission beam is the narrow beam with the strongest received signal determined by the sensing target through measuring the first signals transmitted on the narrow beams in different directions;

[0022] Repeatedly transmit a second signal to the sensing target using the target transmission beam, where the second signal is used for the sensing target to determine the narrow beam with the maximum received signal strength as the target reception beam by measuring the second signal received on narrow beams in different directions;

[0023] Where the target transmission beam is used for the base station to transmit a communication signal to the sensing target, and the target reception beam is used for the sensing target to receive the communication signal transmitted by the base station.

[0024] Optionally, the transmitting the first signal to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions includes:

[0025] In the idle state, transmit a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0026] Or, in the connected state, transmit a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0027] The repeatedly transmitting the second signal to the sensing target using the target transmission beam includes:

[0028] In the connected state, repeatedly transmit CSI-RS to the sensing target using the target transmission beam.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a beam codebook generation device, including:

[0030] A determination module, configured to determine the channel frequency response of each antenna unit according to the positions of each antenna unit in the antenna array and preset incident path parameters respectively;

[0031] A conversion module, configured to convert the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase-mode response respectively;

[0032] A first generation module, configured to generate a beam codebook for each antenna unit according to the phase-mode response of each antenna unit respectively.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a beam management device, which is set in a base station, and the beam management device includes:

[0034] A second generation module, configured to generate narrow beams in different directions by using the beam codebooks of each antenna unit in the antenna array respectively, where the beam codebooks of each antenna unit are obtained by the beam codebook generation method described in the first aspect;

[0035] A first transmission module, configured to transmit a first signal to a sensing target by using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0036] A receiving module, configured to receive the target transmission beam fed back by the sensing target, where the target transmission beam is the narrow beam with the strongest received signal determined by the sensing target through measuring the first signals transmitted on narrow beams in different directions.

[0037] A second transmission module, configured to repeatedly transmit a second signal to the sensing target by using the target transmission beam, where the second signal is used by the sensing target to determine, by measuring the second signals received on narrow beams in different directions, that the narrow beam with the maximum received signal strength is the target receiving beam.

[0038] Wherein, the target transmission beam is used for the base station to transmit communication signals to the sensing target, and the target receiving beam is used for the sensing target to receive the communication signals transmitted by the base station.

[0039] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, including: a transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps in the beam codebook generation method described in the first aspect are implemented; or the steps in the beam management method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0040] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the beam codebook generation method described in the first aspect are implemented; or the steps in the beam management method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0041] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the steps in the beam codebook generation method described in the first aspect are implemented; or the steps in the beam management method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements are determined according to the positions of the respective antenna elements in the antenna array and preset incident path parameters; the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements are respectively converted into phase-mode responses; and the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements are generated according to the phase-mode responses of the respective antenna elements. In this way, by converting the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements into phase-mode responses independent of frequency and then generating beam codebooks based on the phase-mode responses, the generated beam codebooks are independent of dimensions such as frequency and distance. Therefore, compared with the existing beam training methods, the codebook complexity is lower, the number of codebooks is smaller, and the sensing speed is faster, meeting the requirements of fast switching of sensing positioning. Description of the Drawings

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 is the existing beam management flowchart provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the existing beam management process provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of ULA antenna beamforming provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 is the flowchart of the application of beamforming in sensing and positioning provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 is the flowchart of the beam codebook generation method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0049] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of multipath propagation of UCA in the near-field region provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0050] Figure 7 is the flowchart of the beam management method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0051] Figure 8 is the flowchart of the beam management process (including the codebook generation process) provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the relationship between the beam pattern, frequency, and user horizontal angle φ provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0053] Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the relationship between the beam pattern, user elevation angle θ, and distance d provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0054] Figure 11 is the structural diagram of the beam codebook generation device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0055] <## Figure 12 is the structural diagram of the beam management device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0056] Figure 13 is the structural diagram of the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0058] To make the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following first introduces the relevant technical knowledge involved in the embodiments of the present application:

[0059] The integration of communication and sensing originated from the research on joint radar sensing and communication. Previously, sensing and communication were respectively the front-end and middle links of information processing, responsible for information collection and information transmission, and supporting the information calculation and applications at the back-end. In the traditional information processing process, sensing and communication were relatively independent. With the development of large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) (Massive MIMO) communication and radar, millimeter-wave communication and radar technology, the technical characteristics, channel characteristics, and application scenarios of communication and sensing have become more and more similar, showing a trend of institutionalized integrated development. The integration of communication and sensing means that the two functions of communication and sensing are integrated together, so that future communication systems will have both communication and sensing functions at the same time. Therefore, in terms of key technologies, the integration of communication and sensing poses new challenges to air interface technology, network technology, communication network-assisted multi-sensor fusion sensing and positioning; among which air interface technology includes beamforming, integrated waveform design, frame structure, multi-direct access, interference cancellation, radio resource management, etc. Beamforming, as an important air interface technology in the field of communication and sensing positioning, can be used to optimize the signal transmission of sensors such as acoustic waves, ultrasonic waves, and radars.

[0060] To achieve communication and sensing positioning, problems such as positioning accuracy, multipath interference, and low signal strength need to be solved. Beamforming, as an important technology, can optimize the signal transmission of sensors, suppress multipath interference, focus signals, etc., and solve the problems existing in communication and sensing positioning. There is no knowledge related to beamforming in communication and sensing positioning in the existing standards.

[0061] Traditional beamforming technology is a method of coherently superimposing signals from different antenna elements to jointly provide beam gain for the desired target direction. In an actual communication system, beamforming is usually implemented by using a beam training method with relatively low complexity, that is, beams covering all possible positions of users are defined in a codebook in advance, and the connection between the transceiver and the receiver is established based on the codebook scanning method during actual communication. The transceiver establishes communication by traversing the codebook without knowing the channel state information, omitting the channel estimation process.

[0062] In the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G), the process of dynamically selecting the beam direction and frequency between each User Equipment (UE) and Base Station (BS) based on channel quality for communication is called Beam Management. Beam management is divided into the IDLE mode (i.e., the UE is not connected to the BS) and the CONNECTED mode (i.e., the UE exchanges data with the BS). The specific process of existing beam management is as Figure 1 shown, and the schematic diagram is as Figure 2 shown. The specific steps are as follows:

[0063] Step 1: P1 base station initial Tx beam scanning.

[0064] In Classical Beamforming (CBF), first, a part of the antennas in the Uniform Line Array (ULA) on the base station side is used as the antenna array, and a wide beam is generated using a predefined codebook. The base station transmits periodic Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs) at a certain interval (SSB period) to form an SSB burst set. At the same time, on the user side, the signal is received with a wide beam, and the Layer 1 Reference Signal Receiver Power (L1-RSRP) is used as an index of the signal strength. The L1-RSRP value is calculated by the user terminal measuring the power of different SSBs in the SSB burst set. The receiver at the user terminal detects the maximum L1-RSRP value, and the corresponding SSB beam is the best transmitting wide beam. Then, the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) is mapped to the position of the selected SSB beam ID and sent to the base station side, and the best Tx wide beam is fed back to the base station.

[0065] The beamforming schematic diagram of the ULA antenna is as Figure 3 shown, and the direction indicated by the arrow is the assumed incoming wave direction. The codebook formula is as follows: where d is the antenna spacing distance, θ is the elevation angle of the assumed incoming wave direction, and N is the number of antennas.

[0066] Step 2: P2 base station Tx beam fine scanning.

[0067] Based on P1, all the antennas of the ULA are used as an antenna array, and narrow beams pointing in different directions are generated using a pre-defined codebook. After generating the narrow beams, the narrow beams within the range of the optimal transmission wide beam in P1 are selected and sent to the user equipment in the form of Channel-State-Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). At the same time, the user equipment receives the signals with a wide beam, measures these CSI-RSs to obtain the L1-RSRP, and then reports the measurement results of different beams. The base station selects the direction of the CSI-RS beam with the strongest L1-RSRP as the optimal transmission narrow beam.

[0068] Step 3: Fine-scanning of the P3 UE Rx beam.

[0069] The base station repeatedly transmits CSI-RS using the optimal narrow beam reported by the user equipment in P2. The user equipment receives the signals using different narrow beams, detects the received signal power, and the beam corresponding to the maximum L1-RSRP is the optimal receiving beam.

[0070] In Step 1, when the user equipment is in the idle mode, the L1-RSRP measurement is based on the SSB (i.e., the Synchronization Signal (SS) block composed of the Primary Synchronization Signals (PSS) / Secondary Synchronization Signals (SSS) / Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). In the 5G New Radio (NR) downlink frame, the SSB is transmitted to the user equipment at a fixed period, which can be 5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, or 160 ms. The SSB is transmitted in a beam scanning manner, and the user equipment measures the Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) related to the PBCH to obtain the L1-RSRP related to the SSB. In Step 2, in the connected mode, the user equipment searches for the optimal beam according to the CSI-RS signal sent by the base station.

[0071] Applying beamforming in the field of sensing and positioning, during the communication between the base station and the user equipment, the scatterers experienced in the middle need to be sensed. At this time, replacing the user equipment with a scatterer can realize the application of beamforming in sensing and positioning. The schematic diagram is as Figure 4 shown.

[0072] Traditional beam training mainly focuses on the far field. The electromagnetic field around an antenna can be divided into two main regions: the near field and the far field. The region close to the antenna is called the near field or the Fresnel zone, and the region far from the antenna is called the far field or the Fraunhofer zone. The boundary between the two regions can be taken as the radius where L is the maximum size of the antenna (in meters) and λ is the wavelength (in meters). When the distance between the transmitting antenna and the target to be measured is greater than or equal to R, it is approximately considered that the electromagnetic wave projected onto the target to be measured is a plane wave. With the increase in the scale of antenna arrays in millimeter-wave and terahertz communications, the electromagnetic wave can no longer be approximated as a plane wave as in the traditional far-field scenario, but the more accurate spherical wave applicable to the near-field scenario should be considered. Usually, the angle domain is used to represent the channel in the far-field scenario. However, when the near-field channel is represented in the angle domain, an energy diffusion effect occurs, causing the energy of one path to spread to multiple angles. To deal with the energy diffusion effect, the polar coordinate is used to represent the near-field channel. Therefore, the near-field channel is jointly determined by the path angle and the path distance. For the design of the near-field codebook, it is necessary to simultaneously consider the desired angle and distance of the receiver, which greatly increases the number of codebooks.

[0073] There are the following three problems with beamforming in the above-mentioned sensing and positioning:

[0074] Firstly, there is the problem of a single applicable scenario. In sensing and positioning, for example, in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks, the scatterers to be sensed are in a moving state and may be within the far-field range of the base station or within the near-field range. Currently, most beamforming techniques are mainly proposed based on the far-field assumption and cannot be directly applied to the near field. For example, for the traditional beamforming CBF, the beamforming performance deteriorates severely in the near-field scenario. The near-field conditions cause distortion of the main beam of the beam pattern, including power loss and concavity in the target direction, resulting in a decline in the performance of the CBF algorithm. However, considering the actual communication scenario of the integration of the far field and the near field, there is an urgent need for a beamforming algorithm that is robust to both the far field and the near field.

[0075] Secondly, the switching speed is slow. When sensing the position of scatterers, fast switching and accurate positioning are required. However, for existing near-field beamforming schemes, including ideal and improved schemes of Uniform Circular Array (UCA), the complexity of the beamforming codebook is very high and the sensing speed is slow. For example, for the codebook designed when the energy boundary of the UCA near-field beam pattern is an ellipsoid, it considers four dimensions: distance d, elevation angle θ, azimuth angle φ, and frequency f, and the complexity is O(n 3 )·O(n f ). When the radius of the UCA is 0.25 m, the number of codebooks is 1537, with high complexity and slow calculation. Since sensing and positioning require fast positioning, there is an urgent need for a near-field codebook with low complexity.

[0076] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application introduces a Frequency Invariant Beamforming (FIBF) algorithm applicable to UCA near-field beamforming as the basic algorithm for codebook design. It has the advantages of being applicable to both near and far fields, low codebook complexity, and a small number of codebooks, and is not affected by changes in frequency and elevation angle. While ensuring the beamforming effect, it greatly improves the beam training speed. Compared with other algorithms, the beam codebook generation method proposed in the present application is more applicable to the field of sensing and positioning.

[0077] The following will combine the accompanying drawings and, through specific embodiments and their application scenarios, provide a detailed description of the beam codebook generation and beam management methods, apparatuses, and communication devices provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0078] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a flowchart of the beam codebook generation method provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 5 shown, it includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 501: Determine the channel frequency response of each antenna element according to the positions of each antenna element in the antenna array and the preset incident path parameters respectively.

[0080] The above antenna array refers to the antenna array arranged on the base station BS side and composed of multiple antenna elements evenly distributed.

[0081] In the field of near-field beamforming, most near-field beam training schemes are for ULA. To reduce the number of codebooks, some studies use a Uniform Circular Array (UCA) as the antenna response vector for beam training. Its inherent circular symmetry structure can significantly reduce the number of near-field codebooks and has the advantage of beamforming for three-dimensional signals. UCA designs a set of beam training codebooks. Through mathematical derivation, it is considered that the 3dB energy loss boundary of the near-field beam pattern is an ellipsoid, and thus the codebook is designed by calculating the size of the energy boundary. Through simulation, it is found that when the elevation angle approaches 0°, the UCA near-field beam pattern tends to the far-field beam pattern. Compared with the original method, it can reduce the codebook size and speed up the beam training process. Therefore, in some embodiments, the antenna array may adopt a Uniform Circular Array UCA antenna. For example, a UCA antenna with a radius of r is composed of P isotropic antenna elements evenly distributed.

[0082] The above incident path parameters may refer to the parameters of each path incident from the scatterer to the center of the UCA, and specifically may include complex amplitude, time delay, elevation angle, azimuth angle, distance, etc. In the embodiments of the present application, the incident path parameters may be preset and do not need to be calculated.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, for any antenna element in the antenna array, the channel frequency response H of the antenna element can be calculated according to the position of the antenna element, such as the angular position, and the preset incident path parameters. p (f), where p represents the p-th antenna element in the antenna array.

[0084] Optionally, step 501 includes:

[0085] Calculating the frequency response of the first antenna element on each incident path according to the angular position of the first antenna element and the K incident path parameters, where the first antenna element is any antenna element in the antenna array, and K is a positive integer;

[0086] Superposing the frequency responses of the first antenna element on each incident path to obtain the channel frequency response of the first antenna element.

[0087] In some embodiments, it can be assumed that a UCA with a radius of r consists of P isotropic antenna elements uniformly distributed, then the angular position of any antenna element is And it is assumed that there are a total of K incident paths. Therefore, the channel frequency response of the p-th antenna element is expressed as the superposition of the channel frequency responses of its K incident paths. The specific situation of multipath propagation in the near-field region of this UCA is as Figure 6 shown.

[0088] Specifically, the calculation formula for the channel frequency response of the p-th antenna element is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] where f is the operating frequency, α k and τ k are respectively the complex amplitude and time delay of the k-th path. Θ k ={θ k , φ k , d k} represents the spatial characteristics of the k-th path, where θ k and φ k are respectively the elevation angle and azimuth angle, and d k represents the distance from the center of the UCA to the last scatterer. a p (f, Θ k ) represents the array element response, which can be approximately expressed in the near field as:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, d p,k is the distance from the p-th antenna element to the last scatterer, Represents the residual term introduced by the spherical wavefront. In the far-field case, β p,k = 1.

[0093] Thus, through this embodiment, the channel frequency response of each antenna element can be accurately estimated.

[0094] Step 502: Convert the channel frequency response of each of the antenna elements into a phase-mode response respectively.

[0095] In this step, the channel frequency response of each antenna element in the antenna array can be converted into a phase-mode response. The traditional beamformer of the UCA is frequency-variable, thus generating combined high sidelobes in the time-delay domain and the angle domain. To achieve frequency robustness, the antenna element frequency response can be converted into a phase-mode response by applying the Jacobi-Anger expansion, where the Jacobi-Anger expansion describes a special series expansion form in the complex domain and is widely used in spectrum analysis, filtering, signal reconstruction, etc. in the field of communication.

[0096] Optionally, step 502 includes:

[0097] Pass the channel frequency response of each of the antenna elements through a phase-mode excitation and a compensation filter in sequence to convert it into a phase-mode response.

[0098] In some embodiments, the channel frequency response H p (f) of each antenna element can be passed through a phase-mode excitation and a compensation filter G m (f) successively to compensate for the frequency-related terms therein, thereby converting it into a phase-mode response The specific formula is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] where represents M modes of the k-th path, and M can take a preset value according to actual requirements. G m (f) is a filtering function for compensating the frequency-related terms in the component, and G m (f) = 2j -m / [J m (wr) - jJ′ m (wr)], where J m (·) is the Bessel function of the first kind.

[0101] Thus, by performing phase-mode excitation and compensation filtering on the frequency response of the antenna element, the characteristic that the beam pattern is independent of frequency is achieved.

[0102] Step 503: Generate a beam codebook for each of the antenna elements according to the phase-mode response of each of the antenna elements respectively.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the phase-mode responses of each antenna element, a beam codebook for the antenna element can be generated by extracting from its phase-mode response. Specifically, the phase-mode response of the antenna element can be converted into a Fourier-domain angular response, and then, in combination with the channel frequency response of the antenna element, the channel frequency response part can be extracted from its angular response, and the remaining part can be used as the beam codebook for the antenna element.

[0104] Optionally, step 503 includes:

[0105] Performing a discrete Fourier transform on the phase-mode response of the first antenna element to obtain the angular response of the first antenna element, where the first antenna element is any antenna element in the antenna array;

[0106] Removing the channel frequency response of the first antenna element from the angular response of the first antenna element to obtain the beam codebook of the first antenna element.

[0107] In some embodiments, for any antenna element in the antenna array, its phase-mode response can be first subjected to a discrete Fourier transform (Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT) to obtain an angular response The formula is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] where v k (f, φ) is the unit beam pattern, and M is the highest mode. Through the discrete Fourier transform, that is, the finally compensated channel frequency response.

[0110] Then, the channel frequency response H p (f) of the antenna element can be extracted from the angular response , and the remaining part can be used as the codebook W p (φ) for beam training. The specific formula is as follows:

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] where M is the highest mode, P is the number of antennas, is the horizontal angle of the UCA antenna, and φ is the set scanning horizontal angle. Since the relevant UCA settings are not discussed in the current standard, there is no clear regulation and φ, where the number of φ is default set to twice the number of antennas to achieve smaller precision. For example, if the number of UCA antenna elements p is set to 360, then the number of φ is 720, and the nth scanning horizontal angle φ n = 360° / 720 * n.

[0114] In this way, a beam codebook related only to the horizontal angle of the antenna can be extracted, reducing the complexity and the number of the codebook.

[0115] In the beam codebook generation method of the embodiment of the present application, the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements are determined according to the positions of the respective antenna elements in the antenna array and preset incident path parameters; the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements are respectively converted into phase-mode responses; and the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements are generated according to the phase-mode responses of the respective antenna elements. In this way, by converting the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna elements into phase-mode responses independent of frequency and then generating a beam codebook based on the phase-mode responses, the generated beam codebook is independent of dimensions such as frequency and distance. Therefore, compared with the existing beam training method, the codebook has lower complexity, smaller number, and faster sensing speed, meeting the requirements of fast switching of sensing positioning.

[0116] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a flowchart of the beam management method provided by the embodiment of the present application, which is executed by a base station. As Figure 7 shown, it includes the following steps:

[0117] Step 701: Use the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements in the antenna array to generate narrow beams in different directions, where the beam codebooks of the respective antenna elements are obtained by Figure 5 the beam codebook generation method described in the embodiment.

[0118] In this embodiment, the base station can use Figure 5 the beam codebook generated in the embodiment shown in

[0119] to perform beam management to locate a sensing target and communicate with the sensing target using the best transceiver beam. The sensing target can be any Internet of Things terminal. p (φ) to generate narrow beams pointing in different directions.

[0120] Step 702: Transmit a first signal to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions.

[0121] After generating narrow beams in different directions, the base station can transmit signals to the sensing target through each narrow beam. Specifically, it can transmit periodic signals so that the sensing target can receive and detect the strength of each received signal, and can determine that the beam with the strongest signal is the best transmitting beam of the base station, that is, the target transmitting beam, and feed it back to the base station.

[0122] Step 703: Receive the target transmission beam fed back by the sensing target, wherein the target transmission beam is determined by measuring the first signal transmitted by the sensing target on narrow beams in different directions, and the narrow beam with the strongest received signal.

[0123] In this step, the base station may receive the optimal transmission beam fed back by the sensing target after measurement, that is, the target transmission beam is the beam with the maximum signal strength measured by the sensing target.

[0124] Step 704: repeatedly transmit a second signal to the sensing target using the target transmitting beam, wherein the second signal is used by the sensing target to determine that the narrow beam with the largest received signal strength is the target receiving beam by measuring the second signal received on narrow beams in different directions.

[0125] The target transmitting beam is used by the base station to transmit a communication signal to the sensing target, and the target receiving beam is used by the sensing target to receive the communication signal transmitted by the base station.

[0126] The base station can then use the optimal transmit beam fed back by the target to repeatedly transmit signals to the target, allowing the target to receive the signal using different narrow beams. The base station then measures the signal strength received on each beam, determining the beam with the highest strength as the target's optimal receive beam, also known as the target receive beam. The base station can then subsequently communicate with the target using the determined optimal transmit beam, and the target can then receive signals sent by the base station using the determined optimal receive beam.

[0127] Optionally, step 702 includes:

[0128] In an idle state, transmitting a synchronization signal block SSB to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0129] Alternatively, in the connected state, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS is transmitted to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0130] The step 704 includes:

[0131] In the connected state, the CSI-RS is repeatedly transmitted to the sensing target using the target transmit beam.

[0132] In some embodiments, the base station can select to transmit beams to the sensing target with different signals according to different states to complete sensing and positioning.

[0133] Specifically, in the idle state (IDLE), the base station can transmit periodic SSB signals to the sensing target in the SSB period to form an SSB burst set. At the same time, on the sensing target side, signals are received with a wide beam. Taking L1-RSRP as an index of signal strength, the receiver of the sensing target detects the maximum L1-RSRP value, and the corresponding SSB beam is the optimal transmitted wide beam. The sensing target can map the PRACH to the position of the selected SSB beam ID and send it to the base station side, thereby feeding back the optimal Tx beam to the base station.

[0134] In the connected state, the base station can transmit CSI-RS signals to the sensing target using narrow beams in different directions, and the sensing target determines the optimal transmitted beam by measuring the RSRP of the received CSI-RS signals.

[0135] Then, in the connected state, the base station repeats transmitting CSI-RS using the optimal transmitted beam reported by the sensing target, and the sensing target receives signals using different narrow beams, detects the received signal power, and determines the beam corresponding to the maximum L1-RSRP as the optimal received beam.

[0136] Through this implementation method, it is possible to complete the beam management and sensing and positioning processes with appropriate signals in the current state for both the idle state and the connected state with the sensing target.

[0137] The beam management method of the embodiments of this application respectively uses the beam codebooks of each antenna unit in the antenna array to generate narrow beams in different directions. Among them, the beam codebooks of each antenna unit are obtained through the above beam codebook generation method; using the narrow beams in different directions, a first signal is transmitted to the sensing target; the target transmitted beam feedback by the sensing target is received, where the target transmitted beam is the narrow beam with the strongest received signal determined by the sensing target through measuring the first signal transmitted on the narrow beams in different directions; using the target transmitted beam to repeat transmitting a second signal to the sensing target, where the second signal is used for the sensing target to determine the narrow beam with the maximum received signal strength as the target received beam by measuring the second signal received on the narrow beams in different directions; where the target transmitted beam is used for the base station to transmit communication signals to the sensing target, and the target received beam is used for the sensing target to receive the communication signals transmitted by the base station. In this way, because the number of generated codebooks is small and the complexity is low, when performing sensing and positioning based on the generated codebooks, it is possible to shorten the codebook traversal time, improve the sensing speed, and meet the fast positioning requirements of sensing and positioning.

[0138] Based on the beamforming process in existing standards and combined with the FIBF algorithm, this application designs a set of near-field beamforming codebooks. By using the predefined codebooks for scanning during the beam management P2 process, the target sensing object can be covered, the beamforming process can be completed, the computational complexity of the codebooks can be reduced, and the scanning efficiency can be improved. The FIBF algorithm is a frequency-invariant beamforming compensation algorithm designed based on UCA, which can achieve approximate invariance of the beam pattern with respect to frequency, elevation angle, and near-field distance in the broadband, and is widely used in amplitude, azimuth angle, and time-delay estimation in broadband 3D near-field scenarios.

[0139] The beam management process provided by this application is as Figure 8 shown. The left half is the codebook generation process, and the right half is the beam management process corresponding to this set of codebooks, including the following steps:

[0140] Step 1: Calculate the channel frequency response H p (f) of the antenna elements through the positions of the uniformly distributed antenna elements in UCA and the parameters of the assumed incident paths.

[0141] Step 2: Through phase-mode excitation and compensation filters, convert the element response H p (f) into the phase-mode response

[0142] Step 3: Perform a discrete Fourier transform DFT in the phase-mode domain to obtain the angular response Then extract the channel frequency response H from p and the remaining part is the codebook W (φ) for beam training. p (φ).

[0143] Step 4: P1 BS Tx beam fine scanning.

[0144] Step 5: P2 UE Rx beam fine scanning.

[0145] To verify the beamforming effect in the embodiments of this application through simulation, in the simulation, the P1 and P2 beam management processes are omitted, and the designed codebooks are directly used for beamforming. The simulation results are as Figure 9 and Figure 10 . Figure 9 is the beamforming effect after traversing the codebook assuming that the sensing target is at the position of horizontal angle φ = 180° and elevation angle θ = 60°. From Figure 9 the relationship between the beam pattern after beamforming shown in and frequency f and horizontal angle φ, it can be seen that the beam has the maximum power at φ = 180° and the color remains unchanged in the frequency dimension at φ = 180°, indicating that the beam power reaches the maximum at the position of the sensing target after beamforming, the correct beam can be detected, and it does not change with frequency.

[0146] Figure 10 It is the beamforming effect after traversing the codebook, assuming that the transmission signal frequency f = 28GHz, the horizontal angle of the target is φ = 180°, the pitch angle θ traverses 60° to 90°, and the distance d traverses 3 to 200m. Figure 10 The color difference between the color blocks in the figure is very small and they are all gray, indicating that after beamforming, the beam power reaches the maximum at the location of the perceived target, and the correct beam can be correctly detected. The beamforming effect is very good and has nothing to do with θ and d.

[0147] In addition, from W p From the calculation formula for (φ), it can be observed that the final designed codebook does not include the dimensions of the perceived target's elevation angle θ, distance d, and frequency f. This is because the FIBF algorithm introduces compensation terms to compensate for these dimensions, leaving only the horizontal angle φ. The ultimate effect is that the perceived target will use the same beam for communication at different distances from the base station, at different elevation angles, and at the same horizontal angle. The achieved array beam gain is approximately the same as the gain of the optimal beam in existing literature, while the complexity is on the order of o(n), far less than the o(n^3) level in existing near-field beamforming algorithms. The low codebook complexity reduces the number of codebooks, which can shorten the codebook traversal time during actual beamforming.

[0148] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0149] On the one hand, the embodiments of this application are applicable to both far-field and near-field scenarios, which is consistent with the requirement for near-field and far-field fusion of target objects in perception positioning. Simulation results demonstrate that the codebook beamforming designed in this application achieves the same beamforming effect in both far and near fields and effectively scans the target user, resolving the issue of near-field and far-field instability. Using a single codebook to cover both far-field and near-field scenarios improves efficiency.

[0150] On the other hand, the codebook complexity proposed in the embodiment of the present application is lower, the number of codebooks is smaller, the perception speed is faster, and it meets the requirements of fast switching. Compared with the existing near-field beam training codebook, the codebook complexity is reduced, and the three dimensions of the pitch angle θ, distance d, and frequency f of the perceived target are compensated by the algorithm, leaving only one dimension of the horizontal angle φ, and the codebook complexity is O(n). And simulations have proved that when the codebook designed by this application is used for beamforming, it is independent of θ, d, and f, and the beamforming effect is very good. In practical applications, the computational complexity can be greatly reduced while ensuring performance, and the positioning speed is fast, which brings higher benefits and practicality to practical applications.

[0151] The embodiment of the present application also provides a beam codebook generation device. Figure 11 , Figure 11This is a structural diagram of the beam codebook generation device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Since the principle of solving the problem by the beam codebook generation device is similar to that of the beam codebook generation method in the embodiment of the present application, the implementation of the beam codebook generation device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0152] like Figure 11 As shown, the beam codebook generating device 1100 includes:

[0153] A determination module 1101 is configured to determine a channel frequency response of each antenna element in the antenna array according to a position of each antenna element and a preset incident path parameter;

[0154] a conversion module 1102, configured to convert the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase mode response;

[0155] The first generating module 1103 is configured to generate a beam codebook for each antenna unit according to the phase mode response of each antenna unit.

[0156] Optionally, the determining module 1101 includes:

[0157] a first calculation unit, configured to calculate a frequency response of the first antenna unit in each incident path according to an angular position of the first antenna unit and K incident path parameters, wherein the first antenna unit is any antenna unit in the antenna array, and K is a positive integer;

[0158] The second calculation unit is configured to superimpose the frequency responses of the first antenna unit in each incident path to obtain a channel frequency response of the first antenna unit.

[0159] Optionally, the conversion module 1102 is configured to convert the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase model response by sequentially passing the channel frequency response of each antenna unit through a phase model excitation and a compensation filter.

[0160] Optionally, the first generating module 1103 includes:

[0161] a transforming unit, configured to perform a discrete Fourier transform on a phase mode response of a first antenna unit to obtain an angular response of the first antenna unit, wherein the first antenna unit is any antenna unit in the antenna array;

[0162] A processing unit is configured to remove the channel frequency response of the first antenna unit from the angular response of the first antenna unit to obtain a beam codebook of the first antenna unit.

[0163] The beam codebook generating device 1100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute Figure 5 The implementation principle and technical effects of the method embodiment shown are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0164] The beam codebook generation device 1100 according to the embodiment of the present application determines the channel frequency response of each antenna unit according to the positions of each antenna unit in the antenna array and the preset incident path parameters respectively; converts the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase-mode response respectively; and generates the beam codebook of each antenna unit according to the phase-mode response of each antenna unit respectively. In this way, by converting the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase-mode response independent of frequency and then generating a beam codebook based on the phase-mode response, the generated beam codebook is independent of dimensions such as frequency and distance. Therefore, compared with the existing beam training method, the codebook complexity is lower, the number of codebooks is smaller, and the sensing speed is faster, meeting the requirements of fast switching of sensing positioning.

[0165] The embodiment of the present application also provides a beam management device, which is set in a base station. Refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 is the structural diagram of the beam management device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Since the principle of the beam management device to solve problems is similar to the beam management method in the embodiment of the present application, the implementation of the beam management device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0166] As Figure 12 shown, the beam management device 1200 includes:

[0167] A second generation module 1201, configured to generate narrow beams in different directions by using the beam codebooks of each antenna unit in the antenna array respectively, where the beam codebooks of each antenna unit are obtained by the beam codebook generation method described in the first aspect;

[0168] A first transmission module 1202, configured to transmit a first signal to the sensing target by using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0169] A receiving module 1203, configured to receive the target transmission beam fed back by the sensing target, where the target transmission beam is the narrow beam with the strongest received signal determined by the sensing target through measuring the first signals transmitted on the narrow beams in different directions;

[0170] A second transmission module 1204, configured to repeatedly transmit a second signal to the sensing target by using the target transmission beam, where the second signal is used for the sensing target to determine the narrow beam with the strongest received signal as the target receiving beam by measuring the second signals received on the narrow beams in different directions;

[0171] Wherein, the target transmission beam is used for the base station to transmit a communication signal to the sensing target, and the target receiving beam is used for the sensing target to receive the communication signal transmitted by the base station.

[0172] Optionally, the first transmitting module 1202 is configured to transmit a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions in the idle state;

[0173] Alternatively, the first transmitting module 1202 is configured to transmit a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions in the connected state;

[0174] The second transmitting module 1204 is configured to repeatedly transmit CSI-RS to the sensing target using the target transmitting beam in the connected state.

[0175] The beam management device 1200 provided in the embodiments of the present application can execute Figure 7 the method embodiments shown. The implementation principles and technical effects are similar, and will not be elaborated here in this embodiment.

[0176] The beam management device 1200 in the embodiments of the present application respectively uses the beam codebooks of each antenna unit in the antenna array to generate narrow beams in different directions. Among them, the beam codebooks of each antenna unit are obtained by the above-mentioned beam codebook generation method; uses the narrow beams in different directions to transmit a first signal to the sensing target; receives the target transmitting beam fed back by the sensing target, where the target transmitting beam is the narrow beam with the strongest received signal determined by the sensing target through measuring the first signal transmitted on the narrow beams in different directions; uses the target transmitting beam to repeatedly transmit a second signal to the sensing target, where the second signal is used for the sensing target to determine the narrow beam with the maximum received signal strength as the target receiving beam by measuring the second signal received on the narrow beams in different directions; where the target transmitting beam is used for the base station to transmit a communication signal to the sensing target, and the target receiving beam is used for the sensing target to receive the communication signal transmitted by the base station. In this way, since the number of generated codebooks is small and the complexity is low, when performing sensing and positioning based on the generated codebooks, the codebook traversal time can be shortened, the sensing speed can be improved, and the fast positioning requirements of sensing and positioning can be met.

[0177] The embodiments of the present application also provide a communication device. Since the principle of the communication device to solve problems is similar to the beam codebook generation method and beam management method in the embodiments of the present application, the implementation of this communication device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be elaborated. As Figure 13 shown, the communication device in the embodiments of the present application includes:

[0178] A processor 1300, configured to read the program in the memory 1320 and execute the following processes:

[0179] Respectively determine the channel frequency responses of each antenna unit according to the positions of each antenna unit in the antenna array and the preset incident path parameters;

[0180] Convert the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna units into phase-mode responses respectively;

[0181] Generate beam codebooks for the respective antenna units respectively according to the phase-mode responses of the respective antenna units.

[0182] The transceiver 1310 is configured to receive and transmit data under the control of the processor 1300.

[0183] Wherein, in Figure 13 the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically various circuits of one or more processors represented by the processor 1300 and a memory represented by the memory 1320 are linked together. The bus architecture may also link together various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, etc., which are well known in the art, and thus will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1310 may be multiple components, that is, including a transmitter and a transceiver, and provides a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium. The processor 1300 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1320 may store data used by the processor 1300 when executing operations.

[0184] Optionally, the processor 1300 is further configured to read a program in the memory 1320 and execute the following steps:

[0185] Calculate the frequency response of the first antenna unit on each incident path according to the angular position of the first antenna unit and K incident path parameters, wherein the first antenna unit is any antenna unit in the antenna array, and K is a positive integer;

[0186] Superimpose the frequency responses of the first antenna unit on each incident path to obtain the channel frequency response of the first antenna unit.

[0187] Optionally, the processor 1300 is further configured to read a program in the memory 1320 and execute the following steps:

[0188] Pass the channel frequency responses of the respective antenna units through a phase-mode excitation and compensation filter in sequence to convert them into phase-mode responses respectively.

[0189] Optionally, the processor 1300 is further configured to read a program in the memory 1320 and execute the following steps:

[0190] Perform a discrete Fourier transform on the phase-mode response of the first antenna unit to obtain the angular response of the first antenna unit, wherein the first antenna unit is any antenna unit in the antenna array;

[0191] Remove the channel frequency response of the first antenna unit from the angular response of the first antenna unit to obtain the beam codebook of the first antenna unit.

[0192] Optionally, the processor 1300 is further configured to read the program in the memory 1320 and execute the following steps:

[0193] Use the beam codebooks of the respective antenna units to generate narrow beams in different directions;

[0194] Through the transceiver 1310, transmit a first signal to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0195] Receive the target transmission beam fed back by the sensing target through the transceiver 1310, where the target transmission beam is the narrow beam with the strongest received signal determined by the sensing target measuring the first signals transmitted on the narrow beams in different directions;

[0196] Through the transceiver 1310, repeatedly transmit a second signal to the sensing target using the target transmission beam, where the second signal is used for the sensing target to determine the narrow beam with the maximum received signal strength as the target reception beam by measuring the second signals received on the narrow beams in different directions;

[0197] Among them, the target transmission beam is used for the base station to transmit a communication signal to the sensing target, and the target reception beam is used for the sensing target to receive the communication signal transmitted by the base station.

[0198] Optionally, the processor 1300 is further configured to read the program in the memory 1320 and execute the following steps:

[0199] In the idle state, through the transceiver 1310, transmit a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0200] Alternatively, in the connected state, through the transceiver 1310, transmit a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions;

[0201] In the connected state, through the transceiver 1310, repeatedly transmit CSI-RS to the sensing target using the target transmission beam.

[0202] The communication device provided in the embodiments of the present application can execute Figure 5 or Figure 7 The method embodiments shown, and their implementation principles and technical effects are similar, and will not be elaborated here in this embodiment.

[0203] In addition, the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiments of the present application is used to store a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by a processor to implementFigure 5 or Figure 7 each step in the method embodiments shown.

[0204] The embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the Figure 5 or Figure 7 each process of the method embodiments shown, and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, details are not described here again.

[0205] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point, the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit can be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

[0206] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, the functional units can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can be physically included separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of a hardware plus software functional unit.

[0207] The above integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above software functional unit stored in a storage medium includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute some steps of the transceiver methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0208] The above is the preferred implementation manner of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A beam codebook generation method, characterized in that: include: Determining a channel frequency response of each antenna element according to a position of each antenna element in the antenna array and a preset incident path parameter; Converting the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase model response; A beam codebook for each antenna unit is generated according to the phase mode response of each antenna unit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining of the channel frequency response of each antenna unit according to the position of each antenna unit and the incident path parameter in the antenna array includes: Calculating a frequency response of the first antenna unit on each incident path according to an angular position of the first antenna unit and K incident path parameters, wherein the first antenna unit is any antenna unit in the antenna array and K is a positive integer; The frequency responses of the first antenna unit on each incident path are superimposed to obtain a channel frequency response of the first antenna unit.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The converting the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase mode response includes: The channel frequency response of each antenna unit is converted into a phase model response by passing it through a phase model excitation and a compensation filter in sequence.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Generating a beam codebook for each antenna unit according to the phase mode response of each antenna unit includes: performing a discrete Fourier transform on a phase mode response of a first antenna unit to obtain an angular response of the first antenna unit, wherein the first antenna unit is any antenna unit in the antenna array; The channel frequency response of the first antenna unit is removed from the angular response of the first antenna unit to obtain a beam codebook of the first antenna unit.

5. A beam management method, characterized in that: Executed by a base station, the method includes: Using the beam codebook of each antenna element in the antenna array respectively to generate narrow beams in different directions, wherein the beam codebook of each antenna element is obtained by the beam codebook generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4; Transmitting a first signal to a sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions; receiving a target transmit beam fed back by the sensing target, wherein the target transmit beam is determined by measuring first signals transmitted on narrow beams in different directions by the sensing target, and the narrow beam with the strongest received signal; Repeatedly transmitting a second signal to the sensing target using the target transmit beam, wherein the second signal is used by the sensing target to measure the second signals received on narrow beams in different directions and determine that the narrow beam with the largest received signal strength is the target receiving beam; The target transmitting beam is used by the base station to transmit a communication signal to the sensing target, and the target receiving beam is used by the sensing target to receive the communication signal transmitted by the base station.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The transmitting a first signal to a sensing target by using the narrow beams in different directions includes: In an idle state, transmitting a synchronization signal block (SSB) to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions; Alternatively, in the connected state, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS is transmitted to the sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions; The repeatedly transmitting the second signal to the sensing target by using the target transmission beam includes: In the connected state, the CSI-RS is repeatedly transmitted to the sensing target using the target transmit beam.

7. A beam codebook generating device, characterized in that: include: a determination module, configured to determine a channel frequency response of each antenna unit according to a position of each antenna unit in the antenna array and a preset incident path parameter; A conversion module, configured to convert the channel frequency response of each antenna unit into a phase mode response; The first generating module is configured to generate a beam codebook for each antenna unit according to the phase mode response of each antenna unit.

8. A beam management device, characterized in that: Set in a base station, the beam management device includes: a second generating module, configured to use a beam codebook of each antenna element in the antenna array to generate narrow beams in different directions, wherein the beam codebook of each antenna element is obtained by the beam codebook generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 4; A first transmitting module is configured to transmit a first signal to a sensing target using the narrow beams in different directions; a receiving module, configured to receive a target transmit beam fed back by the sensing target, wherein the target transmit beam is determined by measuring first signals transmitted on narrow beams in different directions by the sensing target, and the narrow beam with the strongest received signal; A second transmitting module is configured to repeatedly transmit a second signal to the sensing target using the target transmitting beam, wherein the second signal is used by the sensing target to measure the second signals received on narrow beams in different directions and determine that the narrow beam with the largest received signal strength is the target receiving beam; The target transmitting beam is used by the base station to transmit a communication signal to the sensing target, and the target receiving beam is used by the sensing target to receive the communication signal transmitted by the base station.

9. A communication device comprising: A transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; wherein the processor is configured to read the program in the memory to implement the steps of the beam codebook generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4; or to implement the steps of the beam management method according to claim 5 or 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the beam codebook generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented; or the steps of the beam management method according to claim 5 or 6 are implemented.

11. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps in the beam codebook generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4; or implement the steps in the beam management method according to claim 5 or 6.

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