Device and method for increasing brood amount of stream fish and promoting natural and rapid egg laying of stream fish

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a device and method for increasing the brood amount of brook fishes and promoting the brook fishes to spawn naturally and rapidly, the device comprises a simulated ecological parent fish breeding pond, a spawning inducing facility and a feeding facility, the breeding pond simulates the ecological environment through a specific structure, cobblestones, rhizoma acori graminei and the like, and the breeding pond is used for breeding the brook fishes. The water feeding and discharging facility can generate water flows with different flow speeds. The method comprises the steps of parent fish selection and culture, gonad development promoting feed preparation, staged ecological culture and flowing water stimulation simulation, and finally natural and rapid spawning of parent fish is achieved. According to the method, the problems of high injury rate, low egg laying amount and the like caused by insufficient breeding standardization of the brook parent fish and dependence on artificial spawning induction in the prior art are solved, the natural egg laying rate is increased to 90% or above from 30%-35% through ecological simulation and precise breeding, the postpartum death rate of the parent fish is controlled within 6%, and technical support is provided for green and large-scale breeding of the brook fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a device and a method for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning. Background Art

[0002] Stream fish such as shad and shad are a unique aquatic resource of southern my country's mountainous regions. They are not only a vital component of the mountain's aquatic ecosystem, but also a popular economical fish for consumers due to their delicious meat, balanced nutrition, and excellent quality. With the transformation and upgrading of modern fisheries, their green and ecological aquaculture model, with its significant economic benefits, is gradually developing into a highly promising emerging aquaculture industry. However, the reproductive biology of these fish species in captivity presents significant challenges for the industry. Key challenges include significantly lower egg fertility compared to wild populations and difficulty inducing natural spawning behavior. This directly hinders large-scale seedling production and represents a core technical bottleneck restricting industry development. From the perspective of the artificial breeding technology system, existing problems present multiple dimensions. First, insufficient standardization of facilities and uniform breeding techniques in broodstock rearing contribute to generally low gonadal maturity and poor synchronization between individuals during the breeding period. Second, the breeding process relies on artificial induction of spawning, requiring the injection of exogenous hormones to induce spawning. This method not only increases operational complexity and labor intensity, but also increases the risk of damage to broodstock, leading to high mortality rates and increased breeding costs. Third, as a result of these factors, the actual egg fertility and effective spawning rate of broodstock remain low. The supporting technical system for large-scale seedling rearing is still underdeveloped, lacking reproducible standardized technical procedures. It is worth noting that excessive reliance on oxytocin in reproduction may also have potential impacts on fish genetic characteristics, violate the natural reproduction laws of fish, and contradict the concept of modern green fishery development. Therefore, overcoming existing technological bottlenecks and developing a set of technical methods that can significantly increase the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promote their rapid and natural spawning is not only a key path to solving the problem of large-scale seedling production and promoting a breakthrough in the industry, but also an inevitable requirement for aligning with the development trend of ecological fisheries and achieving healthy broodstock cultivation and green reproduction. The research and development and application of this technology has significant practical significance and value for improving the standard system for stream fish breeding technology, reducing the cost of artificial breeding, and ensuring the development of the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for increasing the egg carrying capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning, thereby solving the problems in the prior art such as insufficient standardization of broodstock breeding facilities, low gonadal maturity and poor synchronization resulting from a single breeding technology, high broodstock injury rate and increased mortality rate caused by reliance on artificial oxytocin during the breeding process, as well as the resulting low egg carrying capacity and natural spawning capacity, and the lack of a large-scale seedling production technology system. The present application achieves the goal of significantly increasing the egg carrying capacity of female broodstock and synchronously promoting the natural maturation of gonads by optimizing the broodstock breeding environment and technical regulations, inducing natural spawning behavior without artificial induction of spawning, and improving seedling output efficiency while reducing the broodstock injury rate. This provides key technical support for establishing green breeding technology standards for stream fish and ensuring the sustainable development of the industry.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application first provides a device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning, including a simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond, a simulated ecological induced spawning facility and a simulated ecological feeding facility.

[0005] The simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond includes a broodstock breeding pond, simulated ecological environment facilities and simulated ecological water supply and discharge facilities.

[0006] The broodstock breeding pond is rectangular with a brick-concrete structure. The water storage depth of the broodstock breeding pond is 0.5m to 1.5m, and the area of ​​each broodstock breeding pond is 90㎡ to 200㎡. The bottom of the broodstock breeding pond is inclined from the water inlet to the water outlet with a slope of 0.5% to 2.0%, forming shallow water and deep water areas. A feeding area is set on one side in the middle of the broodstock breeding pond, and the bottom of the pond is smoothed with cement slurry to keep it smooth.

[0007] The simulated ecological environment facility consists of a uniform arrangement of medium-sized pebbles along the perimeter of the broodstock rearing pond, below the impoundment level (approximately 1.8 meters below the surface). A layer of smooth pebbles is placed above the deepwater area of ​​the broodstock rearing pond, covering approximately 25% to 30% of the total pond area. The pebbles are round or oval in shape, and a mix of small and large pebbles are used above the deepwater area, with the large and small pebbles randomly and evenly distributed. The pebbles serve two purposes: they provide shelter for fish and promote algae growth. This abundant algae not only provides high-quality food for the broodstock but also promotes photosynthesis and increases dissolved oxygen levels. To facilitate fish hiding and protect them from direct sunlight, one or two smooth fir boards are placed above the pebbles near the deepwater area. These boards are held down by pebbles to prevent them from floating above the surface, maintaining a constant position of 20 to 30 cm below the water's surface. Acorus calamus is planted in the shallow waters of the broodstock pond bottom, with the planting area accounting for approximately 10% to 15% of the total pond area. A retractable shade net is installed above the feeding area of ​​the broodstock pond. When fully extended, the shade net covers 15% to 40% of the pond area. During daytime feeding, the shade net is opened to prevent direct sunlight from directly damaging the feed. During the hot summer months, opening the shade net also prevents direct sunlight from directly damaging the water and feeding facilities, providing shade and cooling for the water and protecting the feeding facilities.

[0008] The simulated ecological water inlet and drainage facilities include an inlet pipe, a multi-functional pool and a drain pipe. Both the inlet pipe and the drain pipe are made of PVC pipe. The inlet pipe is installed at the inlet end of the broodstock breeding pond where the water level is shallow, and water is taken in from the top of the broodstock breeding pond. The inlet pipe includes an inlet main pipe and an inlet branch pipe connected by a tee and a reducer. Each broodstock breeding pond is installed with eight inlet branches. The inlet branches are divided into four different inlet angles, with two branches for each inlet angle, namely two vertical branch pipes perpendicular to the water surface, two horizontal branch pipes parallel to the water surface, two vertical branch pipes parallel to the water surface longitudinally, and two inclined branch pipes at a 60° angle to the water surface transversely. The outer diameters of the inlet branch pipes at different angles are different, among which the diameters of the vertical branch pipe: the horizontal branch pipe: the vertical branch pipe: the inclined pipe: the inclined pipe are 1: (1.5-1.8): (0.8-1.2): (1.5-1.8). The four inlet angles are arranged crosswise and individually controlled, facilitating water inlet at different angles and time periods, generating water flows of varying flow rates and velocities. The multifunctional pool is located at the deeper end of the broodstock tank, with its bottom lower than the tank floor. A PVC drainage pipe, installed and passing through the multifunctional pool, drains the broodstock tank. The bottom of the pipe connects to a 110mm outer diameter PVC pipe, which collects tailwater from the broodstock tank.

[0009] Because stream fish are very sensitive to water flow, the water inlet and outlet facilities of the broodstock breeding pond are specially configured in the embodiment of the present application, and natural water flow and water flow rate are simulated through water pipes of different sizes and angles.

[0010] The simulated ecological induced spawning facilities are set up in the broodstock breeding pond, including an induced spawning frame and an escape-proof cover. There are small circular holes with a diameter of 0.8cm to 1.5cm around and on the bottom of the induced spawning frame. The bottom of the induced spawning frame is padded with white nylon mesh, and a layer of micro-pebbles with a thickness of about 2cm is evenly spread on the white nylon mesh to form a micro-pebble bottom surface. A spawning ovary made of rice dumpling slices is placed on the micro-pebbles.

[0011] The anti-escape cover is a mesh cover that can be buckled up to cover the entire induced spawning frame. It is made of stainless steel tubes, and the spacing between adjacent stainless steel tubes is 15mm to 20mm. After the anti-escape cover is buckled outside the induced spawning frame, it can prevent the broodstock entering the induced spawning frame from escaping and prevent the broodstock outside the anti-escape cover from interfering with the spawning of the broodstock entering the induced spawning frame.

[0012] The simulated ecological feeding facility is installed below the sunshade net and on one side of the broodstock breeding pond. The feeding port is at an angle of 45° to 60° to the wall of the broodstock breeding pond where the simulated ecological feeding facility is installed, and the feed is fed into the broodstock breeding pond by using water flow.

[0013] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the broodstock cultivation pond is 15m to 20m long, 6m to 10m wide, and 1.8m to 2.0m deep.

[0014] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the bottom slope of the broodstock cultivation pond is 1.0% to 1.5%.

[0015] As a preference of some embodiments of the device of the present application, the four corners of the broodstock breeding pond are arc-shaped, which is conducive to the flow of water in the broodstock breeding pond.

[0016] As preferred embodiments of the device of the present application, in the broodstock breeding pond, the diameter of small pebbles is 3 cm to 5 cm, the diameter of medium pebbles is 5 cm to 10 cm, and the diameter of large pebbles is 15 cm to 30 cm.

[0017] As preferred in some embodiments of the device of the present application, the fir board is 2m to 5m long, 1m to 3m wide, and 1.5cm to 3cm thick.

[0018] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the Acorus calamus is first planted in a planting container and then placed in a broodstock breeding pond together with the planting container.

[0019] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the height of the planting container is controlled so that after being placed in the broodstock cultivation pond, the water just covers the height of the planting container.

[0020] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the planting vessel is an earthenware jar or a pottery bowl.

[0021] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the area of ​​the sunshade net after it is fully extended is 25% of the area of ​​the broodstock breeding pond.

[0022] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, during the daytime in the hot summer season, a sunshade net is used to control the light intensity of the water body to 2000 lux to 3000 lux, so that the water temperature is maintained between 20°C and 32°C.

[0023] As a preference in some embodiments of the device of the present application, a sunshade net is used to maintain the water temperature between 24°C and 30°C.

[0024] As a preference in some embodiments of the device of the present application, the sunshade net is made of black PE material.

[0025] In some embodiments of the device of the present application, the outer diameter of the water inlet main pipe is 110 mm.

[0026] As preferred embodiments of the device of the present application, the diameter of the vertical branch pipe is 20 mm, the diameter of the horizontal branch pipe is 32 mm, the diameter of the longitudinal branch pipe is 20 mm, and the diameter of the inclined branch pipe is 32 mm.

[0027] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the outer diameter of the drain pipe is 110 mm.

[0028] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the multifunctional water pool at the bottom of the drainage pipe is circular and 5cm to 10cm lower than the bottom of the broodstock breeding pond, which is conducive to the collection and discharge of residual bait, feces and other waste at the bottom of the pond.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present device, the drain pipe is a plug-in pipe that can be used to control the water level from within the brooder tank. Five heights are provided: 50 cm, 80 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, and 180 cm. By using drain pipes of varying heights, the water depth within the brooder tank can be controlled. Regularly unplugging all plug-in pipes within the brooder tank (i.e., maintaining the drain pipe at 0 cm, equal to the bottom of the multi-purpose pool) allows for complete drainage.

[0030] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the induced spawning frame is made of PE material.

[0031] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the induced spawning frame is a rectangular frame structure with a length of 60cm to 80cm, a width of 35cm to 45cm, and a height of 12cm to 18cm.

[0032] As preferred in some embodiments of the device of the present application, the induced spawning frame is 70 cm long, 40 cm wide and 15 cm high.

[0033] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the diameter of the circular holes opened around and on the bottom of the induced spawning frame is 0.8 cm to 1.5 cm.

[0034] As preferred in some embodiments of the device of the present application, the diameter of the circular holes opened around and on the bottom of the induced spawning frame is 1.0 cm.

[0035] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the white nylon mesh at the bottom of the induced spawning frame is 50 mesh.

[0036] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the micro pebbles have a diameter of 1 cm to 2 cm.

[0037] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the stainless steel tube is a circular hollow structure made of 304 material.

[0038] In some embodiments of the device of the present application, the outer diameter of the stainless steel tube is 16 mm to 22 mm.

[0039] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the inner space of the anti-escape cover is 62cm to 82cm long, 37cm to 47cm wide, and 17cm to 23cm high.

[0040] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the surface of the anti-escape cover is painted with dark paint, that is, the outer surface of the stainless steel tube is painted with dark paint to prevent reflection from affecting the spawning of broodstock.

[0041] As preferred in some embodiments of the device of the present application, the inner space length of the anti-escape cover is 72 cm, the inner space width is 42 cm, and the inner space height is 20 cm.

[0042] In some embodiments of the device of the present application, the surface of the anti-escape cover is painted black or gray with black or gray paint.

[0043] As some embodiments of the device of the present application, the simulated ecological feeding facility includes a water flow feeder, which includes a feed box, a vibrator, a valve, an automatic controller, a discharge pipe, a water flow pipe and a feed-water mixing output pipe, wherein: A feed box for holding feed; The vibrator is located near the discharge port of the feeding box and is used to evenly remove the feed from the feeding box; The valve is located at the outlet of the feed box and is used to control the feeding of feed; Automatic controller, used to automatically open and close valves and vibrators, and automatically control the start time of feed delivery; The discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port of the feed box and is used for conveying feed; A water pipe, connected to the discharge pipe, is used for conveying water; The feed-water mixing output pipe forms a Y-shaped three-way structure with the discharge pipe and the water flow pipe, which is used to mix the feed with the water flow and transport the feed-water mixture to the broodstock cultivation pond.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of some embodiments of the device of the present application, the sunshade net is also automatically controlled to cooperate with the water feeder to feed the bait.

[0045] The present application also provides a method for increasing the egg-carrying capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural rapid spawning. The method utilizes the above-mentioned device for increasing the egg-carrying capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural rapid spawning, and includes the following steps: S1. Broodstock selection: Broodstock selection shall be carried out strictly in accordance with broodstock genetic standards, and broodstock with obvious secondary sexual characteristics shall be selected for artificial breeding. All broodstock shall be required to be strong, with normal body shape and color, and without external injuries, and the male-female ratio shall be (1.1-2):1.

[0046] S2. Broodstock cultivation: In the early stage of breeding, female broodstock and male broodstock are placed in different broodstock cultivation ponds for separate cultivation; in the breeding period, female broodstock and male broodstock are mixed and placed in the broodstock cultivation pond for unified cultivation.

[0047] S3. Ecological cultivation: S31. Preparation of special feed for gonadotropin development: Use floating granular feed with more than 40% crude protein quality produced with fish meal as the main protein source as the basic feed, and then add luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 (LHRH-A3) and fresh carp pituitary gland (PG). The carp pituitary gland comes from fresh carp. The carp is required to be sexually mature individuals, and the weight of each carp is ≥1 kg; dissolve the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 in 0.9% normal saline according to the prescribed dosage, and then add the crushed fresh carp pituitary gland, and then use a small sprayer to evenly spray it into the basic feed particles. During the period, keep turning the feed to facilitate the feed to fully and evenly absorb the medicine containing hormones. The prepared feed should be placed in a cool place for 1h to 2h for use, and be careful to avoid exposure to sunlight and light to obtain special feed for gonadotropin development.

[0048] S32. Simulated ecological cultivation: Simulated ecological cultivation is divided into two stages, namely, simulated ecological cultivation in the early breeding period and simulated ecological cultivation in the breeding period. During the simulated ecological cultivation period, special feed for gonadotropin development plus fresh animal bait are used for feeding; S321. Simulated ecological cultivation in the early stage of reproduction: According to the weather and water temperature conditions, the simulated ecological cultivation in the early stage of reproduction is generally 3 months, that is, from the beginning of February to the end of April. At this time, the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is in stage II to IV. In the process of simulated ecological cultivation, floating granular feed containing more than 40% crude protein, special feed for gonadal development in different proportions and fresh animal bait are fed in different months: February: At this time, the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is mostly in stage II, and they are fed twice a day, all of which are floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, and the weight of feed fed every day is 1% of the body weight of the broodstock; March: At this time, the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is more than 40%, and they are fed twice a day. Most of the broodstock are in the III stage, and they are fed twice a day. One time they are fed with floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, which is fed according to 0.5% of the broodstock body weight, and the other time they are fed with mealworms, which is fed according to 1.5% of the broodstock body weight; April: At this time, the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is mostly in the IV stage, which is divided into three stages: The first stage (1st to 7th day): they are fed twice a day, and one time they are fed with special feed for gonadotropin development. Each kilogram of special feed for gonadotropin development of female broodstock contains 5μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 3μg of fresh carp pituitary gland, and each kilogram of special feed for gonadotropin development of male broodstock contains luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone Analog A3 and fresh carp pituitary gland are 10% to 15% higher than those of female broodstock, and are fed at 0.6% of the broodstock body weight. Fresh mealworms are fed once a day at 2.0% of the broodstock body weight. The second stage (8th to 14th day): feeding is done twice a day, and gonadotropin development-specific feed is fed once. Each kilogram of gonadotropin development-specific feed for female broodstock contains 10μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 4μg of fresh carp pituitary gland. Each kilogram of gonadotropin development-specific feed for male broodstock contains 10% to 15% higher than that of female broodstock, and is fed at 0.6% of the broodstock body weight. .6% of the broodstock body weight, and another time to feed fresh mealworms, according to 2.5% of the broodstock body weight; the third stage (after the 15th day): feeding twice a day, one time to feed special feed for gonadotropin development, each kilogram of special feed for gonadotropin development of female broodstock contains 15μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 5μg of fresh carp pituitary gland, each kilogram of special feed for gonadotropin development of male broodstock contains luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary gland higher than that of female broodstock by 10% to 15%, fed at 0.6% of the broodstock body weight, and another time to feed fresh mealworms, according to 2.5% to 3.0% of the broodstock body weight.

[0049] S322. Simulated Ecological Cultivation During the Breeding Period: Simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period generally begins in early May and continues until the end of the breeding season (generally the end of August). During this process, the gonads of both female and male broodstock reach stage V or above. Male and female broodstock are combined for this simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period and fed twice daily. The first feeding is of a gonadal development-specific feed between 6:00 PM and 8:00 PM each day, supplemented with 15 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 5 μg of carp pituitary per kilogram, representing 0.8% of the broodstock's body weight. The second feeding is of live mealworms, representing 3.0% of the broodstock's body weight, between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM each day.

[0050] S33, simulate natural water flow stimulation Scientific and rational water flow stimulation is a necessary measure to improve the gonadal development of stream fish broodstock. The embodiment of the present invention uses four different angles of water inlet manifolds (vertical manifolds perpendicular to the water surface, horizontal manifolds parallel to the water surface, vertical manifolds parallel to the water surface, and inclined manifolds at a 60° angle to the water surface) and adjusts different flow rates and flow rates by rational rotation, thereby mimicking the natural water flow state and achieving the effect of effectively stimulating the gonadal development of broodstock. Specifically: When the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is in stage II to III, the water flow stimulation time is 6 to 10 hours per day; from 00:00 to 10:00 in the morning, horizontal and vertical pipes are used for water flow stimulation for 4 to 6 hours, and the water flow velocity in the broodstock cultivation tank is controlled at 0.04m / s to 0.08m / s during the water flow stimulation period; from 12:00 noon to 00:00 the next morning, horizontal and vertical pipes are used for water flow stimulation for 2 to 4 hours, and the water flow velocity in the broodstock cultivation tank is controlled at 0.02m / s to 0.04m / s during the water flow stimulation period; After the gonadal development of female and male broodstock reaches stage IV, water flow stimulation is applied 24 hours a day: from 08:00 a.m. to 17:00 p.m., the horizontal and vertical branch pipes are opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the water flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond is controlled at 0.02 m / s to 0.04 m / s; from 17:00 p.m. to 00:00 a.m. the next day, the vertical branch pipes are opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the water flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond is controlled at 0.04 m / s to 0.08 m / s; from 00:00 a.m. to 08:00 a.m., the inclined branch pipes are opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the water flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond is controlled at 0.08 m / s to 0.12 m / s.

[0051] S4. Egg laying and collection of fertilized eggs Female and male broodstock with well-developed gonads and eggs reaching Stage V maturity will automatically enter the induced spawning frames between 4:00 and 5:00 AM to pair up and spawn. At this time, escape covers must be placed over the frames to prevent any broodstock from escaping and to prevent any broodstock outside from disturbing those awaiting spawning. After 1 to 2 hours, the frames are removed, and the broodstock that have finished spawning are placed in the post-spawning broodstock rearing tanks. The ovaries are removed from the frames, and the fertilized eggs are carefully collected and transferred to the incubation facilities in the hatchery for artificial incubation.

[0052] Throughout S3 and S4, the dissolved oxygen content in the water body remained above 10 mg / L during the day (06:00-18:00) and above 8 mg / L at night (18:00-06:00).

[0053] As some embodiments of the method of the present application, in step S1, male broodstock are selected from 2 to 4 years old, and female broodstock are selected from 2 to 3 years old.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of some embodiments of the method of the present application, in step S1, when the stream fish is a striated bream, the broodstock weighs more than 100g, and when the stream fish is a striated bream, the broodstock weighs more than 75g. The spawning and reproduction of stream fish such as striated bream and striated bream begins 50 to 70 days later than that of conventional fish such as the four major carps, depending on weather conditions. When the weather is clear and the water temperature is high, some stream fish begin spawning and reproduction in late April, and most begin spawning and reproduction in early May.

[0055] As some embodiments of the method of the present application, in step S2, the stocking density of female broodstock and male broodstock when they are cultivated separately in the early breeding stage is 10 to 20 tails / m2, and the stocking density of female broodstock and male broodstock when they are cultivated together in the breeding period is 10 to 15 tails / m2.

[0056] As some embodiments of the method of the present application, in step S31, the diameter of the basic feed particles is 1 mm to 2 mm; on the basis of the basic feed, 5 μg to 15 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 3 μg to 5 μg of fresh carp pituitary gland are added per kilogram of feed.

[0057] As some embodiments of the method of the present application, in step S321, the feeding time of the gonadotropin-specific feed is 8:00-10:00 in the morning every day from March to April, and the feeding time of the fresh mealworms is 18:00-20:00 in the evening every day.

[0058] As some embodiments of the method of the present application, during the simulated ecological cultivation process during the breeding period, the feeding time of fresh mealworms is adjusted from 18:00-20:00 in the evening before the breeding period to 8:00-10:00 in the morning during the day, which is conducive to better feeding of postpartum broodstock and quick recovery of physical fitness.

[0059] As some embodiments of the method of the present application, in step S4, a very small number of parent fish that have not laid eggs are collected and artificially spawned and fertilized indoors, and the fertilized eggs from artificial fertilization are collected and transferred together with the fertilized eggs collected from the ovaries (44) to the hatching facilities in the hatching workshop for artificial hatching.

[0060] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. A broodstock breeding environment for stream fish that simulates natural conditions is constructed. Stream fish have high requirements for water quality, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water flow, transparency, etc. If they are cultured in conventional ponds, their gonads will not mature due to various factors that fail to meet the requirements. Therefore, stream fish basically will not spawn in a general pond environment. The present invention simulates natural ecological environment conditions and constructs a simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond. Through the combination of the broodstock breeding pond, simulated ecological environment facilities and simulated ecological water supply and drainage facilities, the water transparency in the broodstock breeding pond reaches above 1.0m, suspended matter ≤10mg / L, water temperature 20℃~32℃, dissolved oxygen above 8mg / L at night and above 10mg / L during the day, and water flow rate 0.02m / s~0.12m / s. The use of pebbles of different sizes in the broodstock breeding pond is conducive to the hiding, foraging and activities of stream fish. The retractable sunshade net can control the light intensity of the water body to an appropriate 2000 lux to 3000 lux. The appropriate light intensity is beneficial to the growth and development of stream fish.

[0061] 2. It greatly improves the maturity of gonadal development of stream fish broodstock and promotes the synchronous development of gonads of male and female broodstock of stream fish. By rationally feeding special feed for gonadal development and live animal bait in different proportions at different times, combined with the stimulation of simulated natural water flow, it can quickly promote the gonadal development of stream fish, and shorten the time for oocytes and spermatogonia to reach stage V or stage VI from stage II by 20 to 30 days. Under natural conditions, the development of the testes of male broodstock of stream fish is generally 15 to 20 days later than the ovaries of female broodstock, that is, the gonadal development of male and female broodstock is not synchronized. After adopting the method of this patent, the development of the testes of male broodstock is accelerated, and the synchronous development of the gonads of male and female broodstock is achieved.

[0062] 3. It accelerates feed intake, increasing broodstock feed consumption and feed utilization. Gonadotropin-specific feed is fed with water using a water flow feeder, effectively simulating natural live bait. This significantly accelerates broodstock feeding, improves feed utilization, and increases feed intake. Compared to feed feeders or hand-spreading, broodstock consume feed 100% to 150% faster, increase feed utilization by 30% to 50%, and increase feed intake by 10% to 20%.

[0063] 4. Improved natural spawning rates and reduced unit costs. By creating a natural environment for stream-dwelling fish broodstock, and adopting a rational combination of gonadotropin-specific feed and live animal bait at different stages of male and female broodstock development in varying proportions, this promotes the synchronized and rapid development of male and female broodstock. This has increased the natural spawning rate of broodstock from approximately 30% to 35% under natural conditions to over 90%, an increase of 55 to 60 percentage points. The spawning rate has increased by 1.5 to 2 times, significantly reducing the manpower, material, and financial resources required for artificial breeding. Furthermore, the natural water inlet and outlet design and the use of water flow feeders also save energy and labor costs, significantly reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0064] 5. Improved survival rate of spawning broodstock. During the spawning process, stream-dwelling broodstock experience a high mortality rate due to significant physical exertion and human influence. Under natural conditions, the mortality rate is generally between 10% and 15%. The present invention cultivates Acorus calamus in broodstock breeding ponds. Acorus calamus contains volatile oils (such as β-asarone), flavonoids, and alkaloids, which have a strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae, and exhibits excellent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and disease-preventing effects. Postpartum broodstock mortality can be controlled to less than 6%, a reduction of 5 to 10 percentage points, or a 1 to 2-fold reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for describing the specific implementation or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one implementation of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Figure 3 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional explosion structure of the simulated ecological induced spawning facility according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the simulated ecological feeding facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] The following are marked in the attached figure: 1. Broodstock cultivation pond; 11. Pond wall; 12. Pond bottom; 13. Pond corner; 14. Water inlet; 15. Water outlet; 16. Shallow water area; 17. Deep water area; 18. Bait feeding area; 2. Simulated ecological environment facilities; 21. Pebbles; 211. Small pebbles; 212. Medium pebbles; 213. Large pebbles; 22. Fir board; 23. Acorus calamus; 231. Planting container; 24. Shade net; 3. Simulated ecological water supply and drainage facilities; 31. Water inlet pipe; 311. Water inlet main pipe; 312. Water inlet branch pipe ; 3121. Vertical branch pipe; 3122. Horizontal branch pipe; 3123. Longitudinal branch pipe; 3124. Inclined branch pipe; 32. Multifunctional pool; 33. Drain pipe; 34. Aquaculture tail water collection pipe; 4. Induced spawning frame; 41. Round small hole; 42. Nylon mesh; 43. Micro pebbles; 44. Ovarian ovary; 5. Anti-escape cover; 51. Stainless steel pipe; 6. Water flow feeder; 61. Feed box; 62. Vibrator; 63. Valve; 64. Discharge pipe; 65. Water pipe; 66. Material-water mixing output pipe; 67. Automatic controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution is described in detail below with specific implementation methods.

[0069] Example 1: This example was carried out at a certain striped croaker breeding company in Chongyi County, and is as follows: First, a device is constructed to increase the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promote their natural and rapid spawning, including a simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond, a simulated ecological induced spawning facility and a simulated ecological feeding facility.

[0070] 1. Construction of simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond The simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond includes a broodstock breeding pond 1, a simulated ecological environment facility 2, and a simulated ecological water supply and drainage facility 3, wherein: The brooder ponds 1 are rectangular, brick-concrete structures measuring 20 meters in length, 10 meters in width, and 2.0 meters in depth. The water depth is 1.5 meters (at the center of the pond), meaning each pond has an area of ​​200 square meters. The four corners 13 of the brooder ponds 1 are curved to facilitate water flow within the ponds. The bottom 12 of the brooder ponds 1 is shallow on one side and deep on the other, with a 1.5% slope from the inlet 14 to the outlet 15, forming shallow areas 16 and deep areas 17. The bottom 12 is smoothed with cement slurry.

[0071] Construction of simulated ecological environment facility 2: medium pebbles 212 with a diameter of 5 cm to 10 cm are evenly inlaid on the part below 1.8 m of the wall 11 around the broodstock breeding pond 1. A layer of smooth pebbles 21 is placed on the deep water area of ​​the bottom 12 of each broodstock breeding pond 1. The area where the pebbles 21 are placed accounts for 30% of the total area of ​​the broodstock breeding pond 1. The pebbles 21 are round or oval. The pebbles 21 placed on the deep water area 17 are small pebbles 211 and large pebbles 213. The large pebbles 213 and the small pebbles 211 are randomly and evenly distributed. The diameter of the large pebbles 213 is 15 cm to 30 cm, and the diameter of the small pebbles 211 is 3 cm to 5 cm. To help the fish hide and protect them from direct sunlight, two smooth fir boards 22, approximately 4 meters long, 2 meters wide, and 2 centimeters thick, are placed on top of pebbles 21 near deep water 17. Pebbles 21 hold the boards 22 down, preventing them from floating to the surface. Each broodstock breeding pond 1 has Acorus calamus 23 planted in the shallow water area 16 of the pond bottom 12. The planting area of ​​Acorus calamus 23 accounts for approximately 15% of the total area of ​​the broodstock breeding pond 1. The Acorus calamus 23 is planted in a planting container 231 before being placed in the broodstock breeding pond 1. In this embodiment, the planting container 231 is an earthenware jar. When the jar is placed in the shallow water area 16 of the broodstock breeding pond 1, the water just covers the jar. A feeding area 18 is located on one side of the center of the broodstock rearing pond 1. Above this area 18 is a retractable black PE shade net 24, which, when fully extended, covers an area of ​​50 square meters. During daytime feeding, the shade net 24 is opened to protect the feed from direct sunlight. During the hot summer months, the shade net 24 also protects the water and feeding facilities from direct sunlight, controlling the light intensity in the water to 2000 to 3000 lux. This provides shade and cooling for the water and protects the feeding facilities, thereby maintaining a suitable water temperature.

[0072] Simulated ecological water inlet and outlet facilities 3. In this embodiment, there are special requirements for the simulated ecological water inlet and outlet facilities 3, which fully simulate the natural water flow and water flow rate. The simulated ecological water inlet and outlet facilities 3 include an inlet pipe 31, a multifunctional pool 32 and a drain pipe 33. The inlet pipe 31 and the drain pipe 32 are both made of PVC pipes. The inlet pipe 31 is installed at the water inlet end 14 of the broodstock breeding pond 1 where the water level is relatively shallow. Water enters from the top of the broodstock breeding pond 1. The inlet pipe 31 includes an inlet main pipe 311 and a water inlet branch pipe 312 connected by a tee and a reducer. The outer diameter of the inlet main pipe 311 is 110 mm. Eight water inlet branches 312 are installed in each broodstock breeding pond 1. The water inlet branches 312 are divided into four different water inlet angles, with two branches for each water inlet angle, namely two branches perpendicular to the water surface. There are three vertical branch pipes 3121, two horizontal branch pipes 3122 parallel to the water surface, two vertical branch pipes 3123 parallel to the water surface, and two inclined branch pipes 3124 at a 60° angle to the water surface. The diameters of the water inlet branch pipes 312 at different angles are different: the vertical branch pipe 3121 has a diameter of 20 mm; the horizontal branch pipe 3122 has a diameter of 32 mm; the vertical branch pipe 3123 has a diameter of 20 mm; and the inclined branch pipe 3124 has a diameter of 32 mm. The pipes with four water inlet angles are arranged crosswise with each other, which facilitates water inlet methods at different angles in different time periods, generating water flows with different flow rates and flow rates. A multifunctional water pool 32 is located at the deeper end of the brooder tank 1. Its bottom is 5 cm below the bottom 12 of the brooder tank 1, facilitating the collection and drainage of residual bait, feces, and other waste from the bottom 12. A PVC pipe 33, installed and passing through the multifunctional water pool 32, serves to drain the bottom of the brooder tank 1. The pipe has an outer diameter of 110 mm and its bottom connects to a 110 mm PVC pipe, located outside the brooder tank 1, to collect aquaculture tailwater. This pipe 33 is a plug-in type that allows the water level to be controlled from within the brooder tank 1. Five heights are available: 50 cm, 80 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, and 180 cm. By using the pipes 33 at different heights, the water depth within the brooder tank 1 can be controlled. Furthermore, regularly unplugging all plug-in pipes within the brooder tank 1 (i.e., maintaining the pipes 33 at a height of 0 cm, equal to the bottom surface of the multifunctional water pool 32) ensures complete drainage.

[0073] 2. Construction of simulated ecological induced spawning facilities The simulated ecological induced spawning facility for the side-stripe bream is installed on a fir board 22 in a brooder rearing pond 1 during the breeding season. It mainly includes an induced spawning frame 4 and an escape prevention cover 5. The induced spawning frame 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped frame made of PE material. The induced spawning frame 4 is 70 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 15 cm high. The induced spawning frame 4 has circular holes 41 with a diameter of 1 cm on all sides and on the bottom. The bottom of the induced spawning frame 4 is padded with a 50-mesh white nylon mesh 42. A layer of micro-pebbles 43 with a thickness of about 2 cm and a diameter of about 1 cm to 2 cm is evenly laid on the nylon mesh 42 to form the bottom surface of the micro-pebbles 43. The micro-pebbles 43 have a diameter of about 1 cm to 2 cm and form the bottom surface of the micro-pebbles 43. A spawning ovary 44 made of rice dumpling slices is placed on the micro-pebbles 43.

[0074] The escape-proof cover 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped stainless steel mesh structure made of 304 material. Its interior space is 72 cm long, 42 cm wide, and 20 cm high. It is made of circular hollow stainless steel tubes 51 with an outer diameter of 18 mm, and the spacing between the tubes is 18 mm. The surface of the stainless steel tubes 51 is painted black, giving the escape-proof cover 5 an overall black appearance that does not reflect light and affect spawning. The escape-proof cover 5 is placed over the spawning frame 4 to cover the entire frame, preventing broodstock from escaping and preventing outside broodstock from interfering with spawning.

[0075] 3. Construction of simulated ecological feeding facilities The simulated ecological feeding facility includes a water flow feeder 6, which is located below the sunshade net 24 and on one side of the parent fish cultivation pond 1, and includes a feed box 61, a vibrator 62, a valve 63, an automatic controller 67, a discharge pipe 64, a water pipe 65 and a feed-water mixing output pipe 66, wherein: the feed box 61 is used to hold feed; the vibrator 62 is located near the discharge port of the feed box 61 and is used to evenly take out the feed from the feed box 61; the valve 63 is located at the discharge port of the feed box 61 and is used to Controls feed delivery; automatic controller 67 automatically opens and closes valve 63 and vibrator 62, automatically controlling the start time of feed delivery; discharge pipe 64, connected to the discharge port of feed storage box 61, is used to transport feed; water pipe 65, connected to discharge pipe 64, is used to transport water; and feed-water mixing output pipe 66, forming a Y-shaped three-way structure with discharge pipe 64 and water pipe 65, is used to mix feed with water and transport the feed-water mixture into brooder tank 1. Feed-water mixing output pipe 66 is at a 45° angle to the wall 11 of brooder tank 1 where the simulated ecological feeding facility is installed, using water flow to deliver feed into brooder tank 1.

[0076] This embodiment also utilizes the above-mentioned device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning to cultivate side-striped bream. The specific cultivation process and actual cultivation effect are as follows: S1. Broodstock selection: Broodstock are selected strictly in accordance with the genetic standards for broodstock of the side-stripe glossy bream. Broodstock with distinct secondary sexual characteristics are selected for artificial breeding. In this embodiment, the selected male broodstock are 3 to 4 years old, and the female broodstock are 2 to 3 years old. They are healthy, have normal body shape and color, and are free of external injuries. Each individual weighs more than 100g, and the male-to-female ratio is 1.2:1.

[0077] S2. Broodstock Culture: During the early breeding period (February to April), female and male broodstock are placed in separate broodstock culture ponds 1 at a density of 20 broodstock / m2 for separate culture. During the breeding period (May to August), female and male broodstock are mixed and placed in broodstock culture pond 1 at a density of 15 broodstock / m2 for unified culture.

[0078] S3. Ecological cultivation: S31. Preparation of a gonadotropin-specific feed: Use a floating pellet feed containing at least 40% crude protein, produced with fish meal as the primary protein source. The pellets should be 1-2 mm in diameter. Add 5-16.5 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 3-5.5 μg of fresh carp pituitary glands per kilogram of feed. The carp pituitary glands should be sourced from sexually mature, live carp weighing ≥1 kg. Dissolve the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 in 0.9% saline according to the prescribed dosage. Add the fully crushed fresh carp pituitary glands and evenly spray the mixture into the base feed pellets using a small sprayer. Stir the feed constantly to ensure that the hormone solution is fully and evenly absorbed by the feed. The prepared gonadotropin-specific feed should be stored in a cool, dark place for 1-2 hours before use, avoiding direct sunlight and direct light. Within the prescribed hormone dosage ranges, feeds containing different doses of LHRH analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary glands are prepared according to broodstock cultivation requirements and fed to the broodstock at different time periods. The amounts of LHRH analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary glands added to the gonadotropin-enhancing feeds for female and male broodstock differ, with the amount in male broodstock feed being 10% to 15% higher than that in female broodstock feed, ensuring synchronized gonadal development in both male and female broodstock.

[0079] S32. Simulated ecological cultivation: During the process, a special water flow feeder 6 is used to feed the feed. The feeding method is as follows: first, the gonadotropin development-specific feed is placed in the feeding box 61, and the vibrator 62 at the bottom of the feeding box 61 vibrates the feed to evenly feed it into the discharge pipe 64. The feed-water mixing output pipe 66 connected to the discharge pipe 64 feeds the feed into the bait feeding area 18 in the broodstock cultivation pond 1 at a 45° angle along with the water flow. As the water flows, the feed also keeps moving, simulating live bait in a stream.

[0080] Simulated ecological cultivation is divided into two stages, namely, simulated ecological cultivation in the early breeding period and simulated ecological cultivation in the breeding period. During the simulated ecological cultivation period, a method of combining gonadotropin-specific feed with fresh animal bait is adopted, as follows: S321. Simulated ecological cultivation in the early stage of breeding: February: All feed with floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, 1% of the parent fish body weight, twice a day; March: Feed twice a day, once with floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, 0.5% of the parent fish body weight, and once with mealworms, 1.5% of the parent fish body weight; April: Divided into three stages: The first stage (day 1 to day 7): Feed twice a day, once with special feed for gonadotropin development The female broodstock are fed with 5μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 3μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of gonadotropin development feed, and the male broodstock are fed with 5.5μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 3.3μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of gonadotropin development feed, which are fed at 0.6% of the broodstock body weight, and fresh mealworms are fed once, which are fed at 2.0% of the broodstock body weight; the second stage (8th to 14th day): feed twice a day, 1 The first feeding was with gonadotropin development feed, which contained 10μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 4μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of female broodstock, and 11μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 4.4μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of male broodstock, at 0.6% of the broodstock body weight. In addition, fresh mealworms were fed once, at 2.5% of the broodstock body weight. The third stage (from the 15th day onwards) After: Feed twice daily. First, feed gonadotropin-specific feed containing 15μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 5μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram for female broodstock, and 16.5μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 5.5μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram for male broodstock, at 0.6% of broodstock body weight. Second, feed fresh mealworms at 3.0% of broodstock body weight. Gonadotropin-specific feed is fed from 8:00-10:00 AM daily, and fresh mealworms are fed from 6:00-8:00 PM daily.

[0081] S322. Simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period: Simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period begins in early May and ends at the end of August. Female and male broodstock are combined for simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period. During this period, broodstock are fed twice a day. The first feeding is a special gonadotropin development feed, which is administered between 6:00 PM and 8:00 PM each evening. This feed contains 15 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 5 μg of carp pituitary gland per kilogram of feed, accounting for 0.8% of the broodstock's body weight. The second feeding is fresh mealworms, which are administered between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM each morning, accounting for 3% of the broodstock's body weight. The feeding time for fresh mealworms in simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period has been adjusted from 6:00 PM to 8:00 PM in the early evening to 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM during the day. This is to facilitate better feeding and faster recovery of the broodstock after childbirth.

[0082] S33, simulate natural water flow stimulation Scientific and rational water flow stimulation is essential for enhancing gonadal development in broodstock. By using four different water inlet manifolds 312 at different angles (a vertical manifold 3121 perpendicular to the water surface, a horizontal manifold 3122 parallel to the water surface, a vertical manifold 3123 parallel to the water surface, and an inclined manifold 3124 at a 60° angle to the water surface), and by rotating them in a rational manner to adjust the flow rates and flow rates, the gonadal development of the broodstock can be effectively stimulated. Specifically: When the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is in stage II to III, that is, in February and March, water flow stimulation is performed for 8 hours every day; from 00:00 in the morning to 10:00 in the morning, water flow stimulation is performed using the horizontal branch pipe 3122 and the vertical branch pipe 3123 for 5 hours, and the water flow velocity in the broodstock cultivation pond 1 is controlled at 0.05 m / s during the water flow stimulation; from 12:00 noon to 00:00 the next morning, water flow stimulation is performed using the horizontal branch pipe 3122 and the vertical branch pipe 3123 for 3 hours, and the water flow velocity in the broodstock cultivation pond 1 is controlled at 0.03 m / s during the water flow stimulation; After the gonadal development of the female and male broodstock reaches stage IV, that is, starting in April, water flow stimulation is implemented 24 hours a day: from 08:00 in the morning to 17:00 in the afternoon, the horizontal branch pipe 3122 and the vertical branch pipe 3123 are opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond 1 is controlled to be 0.02 m / s to 0.04 m / s; from 17:00 in the afternoon to 00:00 in the morning of the next day, the vertical branch pipe 3121 is opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond 1 is controlled to be 0.04 m / s to 0.08 m / s; from 00:00 in the morning to 8:00 in the morning, the inclined branch pipe 3124 is opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond 1 is controlled to be 0.08 m / s to 0.12 m / s.

[0083] During the entire breeding and spawning period, the dissolved oxygen content in the water body is always maintained above 10 mg / L during the day and above 8 mg / L at night.

[0084] S4. Egg laying and collection of fertilized eggs The spawning and breeding starting time of the side striped bream is later than conventional fishes such as the four major carps by 50 days~70 days, and looks at weather conditions, and part broodstock begins spawning and breeding at the end of April or early May when the weather is fine and the water temperature is higher, and most of the situations begin spawning and breeding in May.Present embodiment begins to lay eggs at the beginning of May, and gonadal development is good, female broodstock and male broodstock that ovum maturity reaches the V phase can enter the induction spawning frame 4 of setting automatically at 4:00-5:00 in the morning, free pairing and laying eggs, at this moment artificial anti-escaping cover 5 is covered in the induction spawning frame 4, prevent female broodstock and male broodstock that enter the induction spawning frame 4 from running away, prevent the broodstock that does not lay eggs outside from interfering with the inside broodstock to be laid simultaneously.Extract the induction spawning frame 4 after about 1h~2h, female broodstock and male broodstock that have laid eggs are concentrated and put into the postpartum broodstock cultivation pond 1 and carry out postpartum cultivation, and the very few broodstock that does not lay eggs is collected and carries out artificial spawning and fertilization indoors simultaneously. Take out the ovary 44 placed in the induced egg-laying frame 4, carefully collect the fertilized eggs, and transfer the collected fertilized eggs and the artificially inseminated fertilized eggs to the hatching facilities in the hatching workshop for artificial hatching.

[0085] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. A broodstock breeding habitat for side-stripe guppies that simulates natural conditions has been constructed. Side-stripe guppies have high requirements for water quality, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water flow, and transparency. Conventional pond culture of side-stripe guppies, due to various factors, fails to meet these requirements, making it difficult for their gonads to mature. Therefore, side-stripe guppies generally do not spawn in typical pond environments. The present invention simulates natural ecological conditions and constructs a simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond. The broodstock breeding pond 1 has water transparency exceeding 1.0 μm, suspended solids ≤ 8 mg / L, a water temperature of 20°C to 28°C, dissolved oxygen greater than 8 mg / L, and a water flow of 0.02 m / s to 0.12 m / s. The use of pebbles 21 of varying sizes within the broodstock breeding pond 1 facilitates the guppies' hiding, foraging, and movement. A retractable sunshade net 24 controls the water's light intensity to an appropriate 2,000 to 3,000 lux, which is beneficial to the growth and development of side-stripe guppies.

[0086] 2. It greatly improves the maturity of gonad development of broodstock of side-striped croaker and promotes the synchronous development of gonads of male and female broodstock of side-striped croaker. By rationally feeding special feed for gonad development and live animal bait in different proportions at different times, combined with the stimulation of simulated natural water flow, the gonad development of side-striped croaker can be rapidly promoted, and the time it takes for oocytes and spermatogonia to reach stage V or stage VI from stage II is shortened by 30 days. Under natural conditions, the testis development of male broodstock of side-striped croaker is generally 20 days later than the ovary development of female broodstock, that is, the gonad development of male and female broodstock is not synchronized. After adopting the method of this patent, the development of the testis of male broodstock is accelerated, and the synchronous development of the gonads of male and female broodstock is achieved.

[0087] 3. It accelerates feed intake, increasing broodstock feed consumption and feed utilization. Gonadotropin-specific feed is fed with water using a water flow feeder, effectively simulating natural live bait. This significantly accelerates broodstock feeding, improves feed utilization, and increases feed intake. Compared to feed feeders or hand-spreading, broodstock consume feed 150% faster, improve feed utilization by 50%, and increase feed intake by 18%.

[0088] 4. Improved natural spawning rates and reduced unit costs. By creating a natural environment for the rearing of broodstock, and adopting a rational combination of gonadotropin-specific feed and live animal bait in varying proportions at different stages of male and female broodstock development, this promotes the synchronized and rapid development of female and male broodstock, increasing the natural spawning rate of broodstock from approximately 30% under natural conditions to over 90%, an increase of more than 60 percentage points and a 2-fold increase in spawning rates, significantly reducing the manpower, material, and financial resources required for artificial breeding. Furthermore, the natural water inlet and outlet design and the use of water flow feeders also save energy and labor costs, significantly reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0089] 5. Improved survival rate of spawning broodstock. Due to significant physical exertion and human influence during the spawning process, broodstock of the side-stripe glossy bream experience a high mortality rate, typically around 15% under natural conditions. The present invention plants Acorus calamus 23 in the broodstock cultivation pond 1. Acorus calamus 23 contains volatile oils (such as β-asarone), flavonoids, and alkaloids, which have a strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae, and exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and disease-preventing effects. Postpartum broodstock mortality can be controlled to less than 5%, a 10 percentage point reduction, or a two-fold reduction.

[0090] 6. The stocking rate of broodstock per unit area was increased, while also boosting overall fry production. Compared to conventional breeding methods, the method of this embodiment increased the number of broodstock broodstock cultivated in a breeding pond of the same size by over 20% and the number of fry harvested by over 300%. This enabled a broodstock breeding company in Chongyi County, where this embodiment is located, to cultivate over 2,500 kilograms of broodstock and reserve broodstock annually and hatch over 15 million fry.

[0091] Example 2: This example was carried out at a certain carp farm in Quannan County, and is as follows: First, a device is constructed to increase the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promote their natural and rapid spawning. The overall structure of the device in this embodiment is consistent with that in Example 1, except that: The brooder ponds (1) are 15 meters long, 8 meters wide, 1.8 meters deep, and have a water depth of 1.2 meters (at the center of the pond), meaning each pond covers an area of ​​120 square meters. The bottom (12) of the brooder ponds (1) has a slope of 2%. The perimeter of the brooder ponds (1) below 1.5 meters is evenly studded with medium-sized pebbles (212) with diameters of 5 to 10 cm. The pebbles (21) occupy 25% of the total area of ​​the brooder ponds. Two fir boards (22) are placed, approximately 3 meters long, 1.5 meters wide, and 2 cm thick, positioned 23 cm below the water surface. The calamus (Acorus calamus) (23) is planted on approximately 10% of the total area of ​​the brooder ponds. The shade net (24) covers an area of ​​24 square meters when fully extended. The bottom of the multifunctional pool (32) is 8 cm below the bottom (12) of the brooder ponds (1). The induced spawning frame 4 is 70 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 15 cm high. The escape-proof cover 5 has an inner space of 72 cm long, 42 cm wide, and 20 cm high. It is made of a circular hollow stainless steel pipe 51 with an outer diameter of 20 mm, and the surface of the stainless steel pipe 51 is coated with gray paint. The feed-water mixing output pipe 66 is at a 60° angle to the wall 11 of the parent fish cultivation pond 1 at the installation site of the simulated ecological feeding facility.

[0092] This embodiment also utilizes the above-mentioned device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning to cultivate black carp. The specific cultivation process and actual cultivation effect are as follows: S1. Broodstock Selection: Broodstock selection is performed strictly in accordance with the germplasm standards for broodstock of the sardine mackerel. Broodstock with distinct secondary sexual characteristics are selected for artificial breeding. In this embodiment, the female and male broodstock are 2 to 3 years old, in good physical condition, with normal body shape and color, and without external injuries. Each weighs more than 75g, and the male-female ratio is 1.2:1.

[0093] S2. Broodstock Culture: During the early breeding period, female and male broodstock are placed in separate broodstock culture ponds 1 at a density of 15 broodstock / m2 for separate culture. During the breeding period, female and male broodstock are mixed and placed in broodstock culture pond 1 at a density of 10 broodstock / m2 for unified culture.

[0094] S3. Ecological cultivation: S31. Preparation of a gonadal development-specific feed: Use a floating pellet feed with fish meal as the primary protein source, containing at least 40% crude protein. The pellets should be 1-2 mm in diameter. Add 5-16.5 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 3-5.5 μg of fresh carp pituitary glands per kilogram of feed. The carp pituitary glands should be sourced from sexually mature, live carp weighing ≥1 kg. Dissolve the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 in 0.9% saline according to the prescribed dosage. Add the fully crushed fresh carp pituitary glands and evenly spray the mixture onto the base feed pellets using a small sprayer. Stir the feed constantly to ensure that the hormone solution is fully and evenly absorbed by the feed. The prepared gonadal development-specific feed should be stored in a cool, dark place for 1-2 hours before use, avoiding direct sunlight and direct light. Within the prescribed hormone dosage ranges, feeds containing different doses of LHRH analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary glands are prepared according to broodstock cultivation requirements and fed to the broodstock at different time periods. The amounts of LHRH analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary glands added to the gonadotropin-enhancing feeds for female and male broodstock differ, with the amount in male broodstock feed being 10% to 15% higher than that in female broodstock feed, ensuring synchronized gonadal development in both male and female broodstock.

[0095] S32. Simulated ecological cultivation: During the process, a special water flow feeder 6 is used to feed the feed. The feeding method is as follows: first, the gonadotropin-specific feed is placed in the feeding box 61, and the vibrator 62 at the bottom of the feeding box 61 vibrates the feed to evenly feed it into the discharge pipe 64. The feed-water mixing output pipe 66 connected to the discharge pipe 64 feeds the feed into the bait feeding area 18 in the broodstock cultivation pond 1 at a 60° angle along with the water flow. As the water flows, the feed also keeps moving, simulating live bait in a stream.

[0096] Simulated ecological cultivation is divided into two stages, namely, simulated ecological cultivation in the early breeding period and simulated ecological cultivation in the breeding period. During the simulated ecological cultivation period, a method of combining gonadotropin-specific feed with fresh animal bait is adopted, as follows: S321. Simulated ecological cultivation in the early stage of reproduction: At this time, the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is in stage II to IV. In February, all of them are fed with floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, which is 1% of the broodstock body weight, twice a day. In March, they are fed twice a day, once with floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, which is 0.5% of the broodstock body weight, and once with mealworms, which is 1.5% of the broodstock body weight. In April, there are three stages: the first stage (day 1 to day 7): every day, feed Feed twice, once with gonadotropin development-specific feed, which contains 5μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 3μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of female broodstock, and 5.5μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 3.3μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of male broodstock, at 0.6% of broodstock body weight, and once with fresh mealworms, at 2.0% of broodstock body weight; the second stage (8th to 14th day) Days): Feed twice a day, once with gonadotropin development feed, which contains 10μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 4μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of female broodstock, and 11μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 4.4μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of male broodstock, at 0.6% of broodstock body weight, and once with fresh mealworms, at 2.5% of broodstock body weight; the third stage ( After the 15th day, feed twice daily. The first feeding is a gonadotropin-specific feed containing 15 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 5 μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram for female broodstock, and 16.5 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 5.5 μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram for male broodstock. The feed is 0.6% of the broodstock body weight. The second feeding is fresh mealworms at 2.5% of the broodstock body weight. The gonadotropin-specific feed is fed from 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM daily, and the fresh mealworms are fed from 6:00 PM to 8:00 PM daily.

[0097] S322. Simulated Ecological Cultivation During the Breeding Period: Simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period begins in mid-May and ends at the end of August, at which point the gonadal development of both female and male broodstock reaches stage V or above. Female and male broodstock are combined for simulated ecological cultivation during the breeding period. During this period, broodstock are fed twice daily. The first feeding is a gonadotropin-specific feed between 6:00 PM and 8:00 PM each day, supplemented with 15 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 5 μg of carp pituitary per kilogram of feed, representing 0.8% of the broodstock's body weight. The second feeding is live mealworms, representing 3.0% of the broodstock's body weight, between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM each day. The feeding time of fresh mealworms cultivated in simulated ecological conditions during the breeding period is adjusted from 18:00-20:00 in the evening before breeding to 8:00-10:00 in the morning during the day, which is conducive to better feeding of postpartum broodstock and faster recovery of physical fitness.

[0098] S33, simulate natural water flow stimulation Scientific and rational water flow stimulation is essential for enhancing gonadal development in broodstock. By using four different water inlet manifolds 312 at different angles (a vertical manifold 3121 perpendicular to the water surface, a horizontal manifold 3122 parallel to the water surface, a vertical manifold 3123 parallel to the water surface, and an inclined manifold 3124 at a 60° angle to the water surface), and by rationally rotating them to adjust different flow rates and flow rates, the gonadal development of broodstock can be effectively stimulated. Specifically: When the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is in stage II to III, that is, in February and March, water flow stimulation is performed for 6 to 8 hours every day; from midnight to 10:00 a.m., horizontal branch pipe 3122 and vertical branch pipe 3123 are used for water flow stimulation for 4 to 6 hours, and the water flow velocity in broodstock cultivation pond 1 is controlled at 0.04 m / s to 0.08 m / s; from noon to midnight the next day, horizontal branch pipe 3122 and vertical branch pipe 3123 are used for water flow stimulation for 2 to 3 hours, and the water flow velocity in broodstock cultivation pond 1 is controlled at 0.02 m / s to 0.04 m / s; After the gonadal development of the female and male broodstock reaches stage IV, that is, after April, water flow stimulation is implemented 24 hours a day: from 08:00 in the morning to 17:00 in the afternoon, the horizontal branch pipe 3122 and the vertical branch pipe 3123 are opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond 1 is controlled to be 0.02 m / s to 0.04 m / s; from 17:00 in the afternoon to 00:00 in the morning of the next day, the vertical branch pipe 3121 is opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond 1 is controlled to be 0.04 m / s to 0.08 m / s; from 00:00 in the morning to 8:00 in the morning, the inclined branch pipe 3124 is opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity in the broodstock breeding pond 1 is controlled to be 0.08 m / s to 0.12 m / s.

[0099] During the entire breeding and spawning period, the dissolved oxygen content in the water body is always maintained above 10 mg / L during the day and above 8 mg / L at night.

[0100] S4. Egg laying and collection of fertilized eggs The spawning and breeding starting time of the Chinese mackerel is later than conventional fishes such as the four major carps by 50 days~70 days, and looks at weather conditions, and part broodstock begins spawning and breeding at the end of April when the weather is fine and the water temperature is higher, and begins spawning and breeding at the beginning of June at the end of May in most cases.In the present embodiment, in the middle of May, the female broodstock and the male broodstock that gonadal development is good, oocyte and spermatogonial maturity reach the V phase can automatically enter the induction spawning frame 4 of setting at 4:00-5:00 in the morning, free pairing and laying eggs, at this moment need artificial anti-escaping cover 5 in time to cover the induction spawning frame 4, prevent the broodstock that enters the induction spawning frame 4 from running away, prevent the broodstock that does not lay eggs outside from interfering with the inside broodstock to be laid simultaneously.Extract the induction spawning frame 4 after about 1h~2h, the female broodstock and the male broodstock that have laid eggs are concentrated and put into the postpartum broodstock cultivation pond 1 and carry out postpartum cultivation, and the very few broodstock that does not lay eggs is collected and carries out artificial spawning and fertilization indoors simultaneously. Take out the ovary 44 placed in the induced egg-laying frame 4, carefully collect the fertilized eggs, and transfer the collected fertilized eggs and the artificially inseminated fertilized eggs to the hatching facilities in the hatching workshop for artificial hatching.

[0101] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. A broodstock breeding habitat that simulates natural conditions has been constructed. Because broodstock have high requirements for water quality, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, water flow, and transparency, conventional pond culture can hinder the maturation of gonads due to various factors. Consequently, broodstock rarely spawn in typical pond environments. The present invention simulates natural ecological conditions to construct a simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond. The broodstock breeding pond 1 has water transparency exceeding 1.0 μm, suspended solids ≤ 10 mg / L, a water temperature of 20°C to 28°C, dissolved oxygen greater than 8 mg / L, and a water flow of 0.02 m / s to 0.12 m / s. The use of pebbles 21 of varying sizes within the broodstock breeding pond 1 facilitates broodstock hiding, foraging, and movement. A retractable sunshade net 24 controls the light intensity in the water to an appropriate 2000 to 3000 lux, which is beneficial to the growth and development of broodstock.

[0102] 2. It greatly improves the maturity of gonad development of broodstock and promotes the synchronous development of gonads of male and female broodstock. By rationally feeding gonadotropin-specific feed and live animal bait in different proportions at different times, combined with the stimulation of simulated natural water flow, the gonad development of broodstock can be rapidly promoted, and the time it takes for oocytes and spermatogonia to reach stage V or stage VI from stage II is shortened by 25 days. Under natural conditions, the testis development of male broodstock is generally 18 days later than the ovary development of female broodstock, that is, the gonad development of male and female broodstock is not synchronized. After adopting the method of this patent, the development of the testis of male broodstock is accelerated, and the synchronous development of the gonads of male and female broodstock is achieved.

[0103] 3. It accelerates feed intake, increasing broodstock feed consumption and feed utilization. Gonadotropin-specific feed is fed with water using a water flow feeder, effectively simulating natural live bait. This significantly accelerates broodstock feeding, improves feed utilization, and increases feed intake. Compared to feed feeders or hand-spreading, broodstock consume feed 120% faster, improve feed utilization by 30%, and increase feed intake by 15%.

[0104] 4. Improved natural spawning rates and reduced costs. By creating a natural habitat for the cultivation of broodstock, and adopting a rational combination of gonadotropin-specific feed and live animal bait at different stages of male and female broodstock development in varying proportions, this promotes the synchronized and rapid development of male and female broodstock. This has increased the natural spawning rate of broodstock from approximately 35% under natural conditions to over 90%, an increase of over 55 percentage points and a 1.57-fold increase in spawning rates, significantly reducing the manpower, material, and financial resources required for artificial breeding. Furthermore, the natural water inlet and outlet design and the use of water flow feeders also save energy and labor costs, significantly reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0105] 5. Improved survival rate of spawning broodstock. Due to significant physical exertion and human influence during the spawning process, broodstock experience a high mortality rate, typically around 15% under natural conditions. The present invention plants Acorus calamus 23 in broodstock cultivation pond 1. Acorus calamus 23 contains volatile oils (such as β-asarone), flavonoids, and alkaloids, which have a strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae, exhibiting excellent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and disease-preventing effects. Postpartum broodstock mortality can be controlled to less than 6%, a 9 percentage point reduction, or 1.5-fold.

[0106] 6. The stocking rate of broodstock per unit area was increased, while also boosting overall fry production. Compared to conventional breeding methods, the method of this embodiment increased the number of broodstock broodstock cultivated in a breeding pond of the same size by over 10% and the number of fry obtained by over 200%. This enabled a broodstock farm in Quannan County, where this embodiment is located, to cultivate over 1,500 kilograms of broodstock and reserve broodstock annually and hatch over 8 million fry.

[0107] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0108] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning, characterized by: Including simulated ecological broodstock breeding ponds, simulated ecological induced spawning facilities and simulated ecological feeding facilities; The simulated ecological broodstock breeding pond comprises a broodstock breeding pond (1), a simulated ecological environment facility (2) and a simulated ecological water inlet and outlet facility (3); The broodstock breeding pond (1) is rectangular and has a brick-concrete structure. The water storage depth of the broodstock breeding pond (1) is 0.5m to 1.5m, and the area of ​​each broodstock breeding pond (1) is 90㎡ to 200㎡. The bottom (12) of the broodstock breeding pond (1) is inclined from the water inlet end (14) to the water outlet end (15) with a slope of 0.5% to 2.0%, forming a shallow water area (16) and a deep water area (17). A feed feeding area (18) is provided on one side of the broodstock breeding pond (1). The bottom (12) is smoothed with cement slurry to keep it smooth. The structure of the simulated ecological environment facility (2) is as follows: medium pebbles (212) are evenly inlaid on the surrounding walls (11) of the parent fish breeding pond (1) below the water storage area, and a layer of smooth pebbles (21) is placed on the deep water area (17) of the bottom (12) of the parent fish breeding pond (1). The placement area of ​​the pebbles (21) accounts for 25% to 30% of the total area of ​​the parent fish breeding pond (1). The pebbles (21) are round or oval. The pebbles (21) placed on the deep water area (17) are small pebbles (211) and large pebbles (213). The large pebbles (213) and the small pebbles (211) are randomly and evenly distributed. One or two smooth fir boards (22) are placed on the pebbles (21) near the deep water area (17). The fir boards (22) are covered with The pebbles (21) press down the fir board (22) to prevent it from floating on the water surface, and the fir board (22) is controlled to be 20 cm to 30 cm below the water surface. Acorus calamus (23) is planted in the shallow water area (16) of the bottom (12) of the broodstock breeding pond (1), and the planting area of ​​the acorus calamus (23) accounts for 10% to 15% of the total area of ​​the broodstock breeding pond (1). A retractable sunshade net (24) is set above the feed feeding area (18) of the broodstock breeding pond (1), and the area of ​​the sunshade net (24) after it is fully extended is 15% to 40% of the area of ​​the broodstock breeding pond (1). When feeding during the day, the sunshade net (24) is opened to prevent the feed from being exposed to the sun. In the hot summer season, opening the sunshade net (24) can prevent the water body and the feeding facilities from being exposed to the sun, thereby playing the role of shading and cooling the water body and protecting the feeding facilities. The simulated ecological water inlet and outlet facilities (3) include a water inlet pipe (31), a multifunctional pool (32) and a drainage pipe (33). Both the water inlet pipe (31) and the drainage pipe (32) are made of PVC pipes. The water inlet pipe (31) is installed at the water inlet end (14) of the broodstock breeding pool (1) where the water level is relatively shallow. Water is introduced from the top of the broodstock breeding pool (1). The water inlet pipe (31) includes a water inlet main pipe (311) and a water inlet branch pipe (312) connected by a tee and a reducer. Each broodstock breeding pool is connected by a tee and a reducer. The fish breeding pond (1) is equipped with eight water inlet manifolds (312). The water inlet manifolds (312) are divided into four different water inlet angles, with two manifolds for each water inlet angle, namely, two vertical manifolds (3121) perpendicular to the water surface, two horizontal manifolds (3122) parallel to the water surface, two vertical manifolds (3123) parallel to the water surface, and two inclined manifolds (3124) at a 60-degree angle to the water surface. The outer diameters of the water inlet manifolds (312) at different angles are different, wherein the diameters of the vertical manifolds (3121), the horizontal manifolds (3122), the vertical manifolds (3123), and the inclined manifolds (3124) are 1: (1.5-1.8), (0.8-1.2), and (1.5-1.8). The water inlet manifolds (312) at the four water inlet angles are arranged crosswise and controlled separately, so as to facilitate water inlet at different angles in different time periods and generate water flows with different flow rates and flow rates. The multifunctional water pool (32) is arranged at the deeper end of the broodstock breeding pool (1), and its bottom is lower than the bottom (12) of the broodstock breeding pool (1). The drainage pipe (33) is a PVC pipe, which is installed and passes through the multifunctional water pool (32) and is used for draining the broodstock breeding pool (1). The bottom of the drainage pipe (33) is connected to the aquaculture tail water collection pipe (34) located outside the broodstock breeding pool (1). The aquaculture tail water collection pipe (34) is a PVC pipe with an outer diameter of 110 mm. The simulated ecological induced spawning facility is arranged in a parent fish breeding pond (1), comprising an induced spawning frame (4) and an escape prevention cover (5), wherein the induced spawning frame (4) is provided with circular holes (41) with a diameter of 0.8 cm to 1.5 cm on all sides and the bottom, and the bottom of the induced spawning frame (4) is padded with a white nylon mesh (42), and a layer of micro-pebbles (43) with a thickness of about 2 cm is evenly spread on the white nylon mesh (42) to form a bottom surface of the micro-pebbles (43). A spawning ovary (44) made of rice dumpling slices is placed on the spawning ovary; the escape prevention cover (5) is a mesh cover that can be buckled up to cover the entire induced spawning frame (4), and is made of a stainless steel tube (51). The spacing between adjacent stainless steel tubes (51) is 15mm to 20mm. After the escape prevention cover (5) is buckled outside the induced spawning frame (4), it can prevent the broodstock entering the induced spawning frame (4) from escaping and prevent the broodstock outside the escape prevention cover (5) from interfering with the spawning of the broodstock entering the induced spawning frame (4); The simulated ecological feeding facility is arranged below the sunshade net (24) and on one side of the broodstock cultivation pond (1). The feeding port and the wall (11) of the broodstock cultivation pond (1) where the simulated ecological feeding facility is installed are at an angle of 45° to 60°, and the feed is fed into the broodstock cultivation pond (1) by water flow.

2. The device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broodstock breeding pond (1) is 15m to 20m long, 6m to 10m wide, and 1.8m to 2.0m deep; The bottom (12) of the broodstock rearing pond (1) has a slope of 1.0% to 1.5%; The four corners (13) of the broodstock breeding pond (1) are arc-shaped, which is conducive to the flow of water in the broodstock breeding pond (1); The diameter of small pebbles (211) is 3cm to 5cm, the diameter of medium pebbles (212) is 5cm to 10cm, and the diameter of large pebbles (213) is 15cm to 30cm; The fir board (22) is 2m to 5m long, 1m to 3m wide, and 1.5cm to 3cm thick; Acorus calamus (23) is first planted in a planting container (231) and then placed together with the planting container (231) into a broodstock breeding pond (1); The height of the planting vessel (231) is controlled so that after being placed in the broodstock cultivation pond (1), the water body just covers the height of the planting vessel (231); The area of ​​the sunshade net (24) after it is fully extended is 25% of the area of ​​the broodstock breeding pond (1), and it is made of black PE material; The multifunctional pool (32) at the bottom of the drain pipe (33) is circular and 5cm to 10cm lower than the bottom (12) of the parent fish breeding pool (1), which is conducive to the collection and discharge of residual bait, feces and other waste at the bottom of the pool.

3. The device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planting vessel (231) is an earthenware jar or a pottery bowl; During the daytime in the hot summer season, a sunshade net (24) is used to control the light intensity of the water body to 2000 lux to 3000 lux, so that the water temperature is maintained between 24°C and 30°C; The outer diameter of the water inlet pipe is 110mm; the outer diameter of the drainage pipe (33) is 110mm The diameter of vertical branch pipe is 20mm, the diameter of horizontal branch pipe is 32mm, the diameter of vertical branch pipe is 20mm, and the diameter of inclined branch pipe is 32mm; The drainage pipe (33) is a plug-in type water pipe that can control the water level from inside the parent fish breeding pond (1), and is provided with five heights of 50cm, 80cm, 100cm, 150cm and 180cm.

4. The device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The induced spawning frame (4) is made of PE material; The induced spawning frame (4) is a rectangular parallelepiped frame structure, 60cm to 80cm long, 35cm to 45cm wide, and 12cm to 18cm high; The diameter of the circular holes (41) opened around and on the bottom of the induced egg-laying frame (4) is 0.8 cm to 1.5 cm; Micro-pebbles (43) with a diameter of 1 cm to 2 cm; The inner space of the escape-proof cover (5) is 62cm to 82cm long, 37cm to 47cm wide, and 17cm to 23cm high, and the surface is painted with dark paint.

5. The device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The induced spawning frame (4) is 70 cm long, 40 cm wide and 15 cm high; The diameter of the circular holes (41) opened around and on the bottom of the induced egg-laying frame (4) is 1.0 cm; The white nylon mesh (42) at the bottom of the induced spawning frame (4) is 50 mesh; The stainless steel tube (51) is a circular hollow structure made of 304 material; The outer diameter of the stainless steel tube (51) is 16 mm to 22 mm; The inner space of the escape-proof cover (5) is 72 cm long, 42 cm wide and 20 cm high, and the surface is painted black or gray with black or gray paint.

6. The device for increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The simulated ecological feeding facility comprises a water flow feeder (6), which comprises a material storage box (61), a vibrator (62), a valve (63), an automatic controller (67), a discharge pipe (64), a water flow pipe (65) and a material-water mixing output pipe (66), wherein: A feeding box (61) for holding feed; A vibrator (62) is provided near the discharge port of the feeding box (61) and is used to evenly take out the feed from the feeding box (61); A valve (63) is provided at the discharge port of the feed container (61) for controlling the feeding of feed; An automatic controller (67) for automatically opening and closing the valve (63) and the vibrator (62) and automatically controlling the start time of feed delivery; A discharge pipe (64) is connected to the discharge port of the feed storage box (61) and is used for conveying feed; A water pipe (65) is connected to the discharge pipe (64) and is used for conveying water; The feed-water mixing output pipe (66), the discharge pipe (64) and the water flow pipe (65) form a Y-shaped three-way structure for mixing the feed with the water flow and transporting the feed-water mixture to the parent fish breeding pond (1).

7. A method for increasing the egg-carrying capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural rapid spawning, the method utilizing the device for increasing the egg-carrying capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural rapid spawning as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Broodstock selection: Broodstock selection is strictly carried out according to broodstock germplasm standards. Broodstock with obvious secondary sexual characteristics are selected for artificial breeding. All broodstock are required to be strong, with normal body shape and color, and without external injuries. The male-female ratio is (1.1-2):1; S2. Broodstock cultivation: In the early stage of breeding, the female broodstock and the male broodstock are placed in different broodstock cultivation ponds (1) for separate cultivation; in the breeding period, the female broodstock and the male broodstock are mixed and placed in the broodstock cultivation pond (1) for unified cultivation; S3. Ecological cultivation: S31. Preparation of a feed specifically for gonadotropin development: A floating pelleted feed containing at least 40% crude protein, produced with fish meal as the primary protein source, is used as the base feed. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary glands are then added. The carp pituitary glands are sourced from live, sexually mature carp weighing ≥ 1 kg. Dissolve the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 in 0.9% saline according to the prescribed dosage, add the crushed fresh carp pituitary gland, and evenly spray the mixture into the base feed pellets using a small sprayer. Stir the feed constantly to ensure that the feed fully and evenly absorbs the hormone solution. Place the prepared feed in a cool, dark place for 1 to 2 hours before use, avoiding direct sunlight and direct light. This provides a feed specifically for gonadotropin development. S32. Simulated ecological cultivation: Simulated ecological cultivation is divided into two stages, namely, simulated ecological cultivation in the early breeding period and simulated ecological cultivation in the breeding period. During the simulated ecological cultivation period, special feed for gonadotropin development plus fresh animal bait are used for feeding; S321. Simulated ecological cultivation in the early stage of breeding: From early February to the end of April, when the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is at stage II to IV, in the process of simulated ecological cultivation, floating granular feed containing more than 40% crude protein, special feed for gonadal development in different proportions and fresh animal bait are fed in different months: February: Feed twice a day, all of which are floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, and the daily feed weight is 1% of the broodstock body weight; March: Feed twice a day, once with floating feed containing more than 40% crude protein, and feed at a rate of 0.5% of the broodstock body weight. , and feed mealworms once, according to 1.5% of the parent fish body weight; April: divided into three stages: the first stage (1st to 7th day): feed twice a day, feed gonadotropin development special feed once, the female parent fish contains 5μg of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue A3 and 3μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of gonadotropin development special feed, the male parent fish contains luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram higher than that of female parent fish, and feed according to 0.6% of the parent fish body weight, and feed once Fresh mealworms are fed at 2.0% of the parent fish's body weight; the second stage (8th to 14th day): feed twice a day, once with gonadotropin development special feed, which contains 10μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 4μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of female broodstock, and the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of male broodstock are 10% to 15% higher than those of female broodstock, which are fed at 0.6% of the parent fish's body weight, and once with fresh mealworms, which are fed at 0.6% of the parent fish's body weight. The third stage (after the 15th day): feed twice a day, feed gonadotropin development feed once, and the female broodstock contains 15μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and 5μg of fresh carp pituitary gland per kilogram of gonadotropin development feed. The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue A3 and fresh carp pituitary gland contained in the male broodstock per kilogram of gonadotropin development feed are 10% to 15% higher than those of female broodstock, and are fed at 0.6% of the broodstock body weight. In addition, feed fresh mealworms once a day, at 2.5% to 3.0% of the broodstock body weight. S322. Simulated Ecological Cultivation During the Breeding Period: The breeding period is from early May to the end of August. When the gonadal development of female and male broodstock reaches stage V or above, the broodstock are combined and cultured in a simulated ecological environment during the breeding period. They are fed twice daily. The first feeding is a special diet for gonadal development, administered between 6:00 PM and 8:00 PM daily, containing 15 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 5 μg of carp pituitary per kilogram of feed, at a rate of 0.8% of the broodstock's body weight. The second feeding is a live mealworm, administered between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM daily, at a rate of 3.0% of the broodstock's body weight. S33, simulate natural water flow stimulation When the gonadal development of female and male broodstock is in the II to III stages, water flow stimulation is performed for 6 to 10 hours every day; from 00:00 in the morning to 10:00 in the morning, water flow stimulation is performed by using the horizontal branch pipe (3122) and the vertical branch pipe (3123) for 4 to 6 hours, and the flow velocity of the water in the broodstock cultivation pond (1) is controlled to be 0.04 m / s to 0.08 m / s during the water flow stimulation; from 12:00 noon to 00:00 the next morning, water flow stimulation is performed by using the horizontal branch pipe (3122) and the vertical branch pipe (3123) for 2 to 4 hours, and the flow velocity of the water in the broodstock cultivation pond (1) is controlled to be 0.02 m / s to 0.04 m / s during the water flow stimulation; After the gonadal development of the female and male broodstock reaches stage IV, water flow stimulation is performed 24 hours a day: from 08:00 in the morning to 17:00 in the afternoon, the horizontal branch pipe (3122) and the vertical branch pipe (3123) are opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity of the water in the broodstock breeding pond (1) is controlled to be 0.02m / s to 0.04m / s; from 17:00 in the afternoon to 00:00 in the morning of the next day, the vertical branch pipe (3121) is opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity of the water in the broodstock breeding pond (1) is controlled to be 0.04m / s to 0.08m / s; from 00:00 in the morning to 08:00 in the morning, the inclined branch pipe (3124) is opened to control the flow velocity and flow rate, and the flow velocity of the water in the broodstock breeding pond (1) is controlled to be 0.08m / s to 0.12m / s; S4. Egg laying and collection of fertilized eggs Female broodstock and male broodstock with good gonad development and egg maturity reaching stage V will automatically enter the set induced spawning frame (4) at 4:00-5:00 in the morning and mate and spawn freely. At this time, it is necessary to promptly cover the induced spawning frame (4) with an escape-proof cover (5) to prevent the female broodstock and male broodstock that have entered the induced spawning frame (4) from running away, and at the same time prevent the female broodstock and male broodstock outside from interfering with the broodstock waiting to be laid inside. After 1 to 2 hours, the induced spawning frame (4) is extracted, and the female broodstock and male broodstock that have laid eggs are concentrated in the post-natal broodstock breeding pond (1) for post-natal breeding. The ovaries (44) placed in the induced spawning frame (4) are taken out, and the fertilized eggs are carefully collected. The collected fertilized eggs are transferred to the hatching facilities in the hatching workshop for artificial hatching.

8. The method of increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, male broodstock are selected from 2 to 4 years old, and female broodstock are selected from 2 to 3 years old; In step S2, the stocking density of female broodstock and male broodstock when they are bred separately in the early breeding period is 10 to 20 tails / m2, and the stocking density of female broodstock and male broodstock when they are bred together in the breeding period from May to August is 10 to 15 tails / m2.

9. The method of increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, when the stream fish is a smooth-lipped fish, the broodstock individual weighs more than 100g; when the stream fish is a black carp, the broodstock individual weighs more than 75g; In step S321 , during March and April, the gonadotropin-specific feed is fed from 8:00 to 10:00 a.m. every day, and the fresh mealworms are fed from 18:00 to 20:00 p.m. every day.

10. The method of increasing the egg-bearing capacity of stream fish and promoting their natural and rapid spawning according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S31, the diameter of the basic feed particles is 1 mm to 2 mm; on the basis of the basic feed, 5 μg to 15 μg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog A3 and 3 μg to 5 μg of fresh carp pituitary gland are added per kilogram of feed; During the simulated ecological cultivation process during the breeding period, the feeding time of fresh mealworms was adjusted from 18:00-20:00 in the evening during the early breeding period to 8:00-10:00 in the morning; In step S4, the few parent fish that have not laid eggs are collected and artificially spawned and fertilized indoors, and the fertilized eggs of artificial fertilization are collected and transferred together with the fertilized eggs collected in the ovary (44) to the hatching facilities of the hatching workshop for artificial hatching.

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