Bridge support for steel beam

Abstract

The bridge support comprises an upper seat plate, a lower seat plate, a spherical crown body and a hoop sleeve, a first concave spherical surface is arranged at the bottom of the upper seat plate, a first convex spherical surface is arranged at the top of the spherical crown body, a main sliding surface is arranged on the lower seat plate, a first plane is arranged at the bottom of the spherical crown body, and two straight rails are arranged on the lower seat plate side by side; a vertical guide plane is arranged on each straight rail, two second planes are arranged on the hoop sleeve, each second plane is attached to the corresponding guide plane, the upper seat plate comprises an upper seat plate body and an annular boss, a second convex spherical surface is arranged on the side, away from the upper seat plate body, of the annular boss, the hoop sleeve is hooped on the annular boss, and the second convex spherical surface is attached to the annular boss. A second concave spherical surface is arranged on the inner wall of the hoop sleeve. Flexible rotation performance is achieved between the hoop sleeve and the upper seat plate, the rotation requirement of a bridge can be well met, the contact face between the hoop sleeve and the lower seat plate is always in plane contact in the rotation process, the stress of the guide structure is stable, and the stress stability of the support is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of bridges, and more particularly, relates to a bridge support for steel beams. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of bridge engineering, the requirements for bridge construction technology are also constantly increasing. In today's society, bridges must not only meet basic transportation needs, but also have good seismic performance, a long service life, and low maintenance costs. Among them, steel-concrete composite beams, as a new type of bridge structure, have been widely used due to their many advantages.

[0003] The superstructure of a steel-concrete composite beam is made of concrete, primarily bearing pressure and ensuring bridge stability. The substructure, made of section steel, primarily resists tension and ensures crack resistance. This composite beam boasts lightweight construction, low construction costs, and standardized production, making it widely used in municipal and highway bridge construction projects.

[0004] In actual applications of existing bridge bearings, the factory state of the guide surface between the upper seat plate and the spherical crown of the bearing is generally flat contact or small arc (close to flat) contact. During use, when the bridge deflects, the surface contact between the upper seat plate and the spherical crown will become line contact, which is not conducive to the force of the upper seat plate and the spherical crown, and affects the normal use and life of the bearing.

[0005] In addition, for bridges in high-intensity areas, when the displacement of the spherical crown and the upper seat plate exceeds the limit during an earthquake, the spherical crown will separate from the lower upper seat plate, posing a risk of beam falling. This requires the bridge to be equipped with an anti-beam falling device, but the separate installation of an anti-beam falling device increases the cost of bridge construction and production.

[0006] In addition, since the lower structure of the steel-concrete composite beam adopts steel sections, its structural size is small and the structure is light. The space used for installing the support by the steel sections is small, which requires the upper structure of the support to be small in size and also to ensure the local bearing performance of the support structure. However, the upper seat plate of the existing bridge support is generally large in size because the main sliding surface is set on the upper seat plate, which makes it difficult to meet the requirement of small space for the installation position of the steel-concrete composite beam support. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a bridge bearing for steel beams, wherein the upper seat plate and the hoop sleeve are in spherical contact to form a rotating pair, and the lower seat plate and the hoop sleeve are in planar contact to form a sliding pair. When the bearing rotates, relative rotation occurs between the upper seat plate and the hoop sleeve, which adapts to the rotation function of the bearing and can ensure that the hoop sleeve and the lower seat plate are always in surface contact during the rotation process of the bearing, thereby improving the force applied to the bearing.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a bridge bearing for a steel beam is provided, comprising an upper base plate, a lower base plate, and a spherical crown body disposed between the upper and lower base plates, wherein the bottom of the upper base plate is provided with a first concave spherical surface, and the top of the spherical crown body is provided with a first convex spherical surface that contacts the concave spherical surface, thereby achieving a rotatable connection between the top of the spherical crown body and the upper base plate, characterized in that: The lower seat plate is provided with a main sliding surface, the main sliding surface receives the spherical crown and is a horizontal surface, and the bottom of the spherical crown is provided with a first plane that is in contact with the main sliding surface so that the spherical crown slides on the main sliding surface, thereby achieving a sliding connection between the bottom of the spherical crown and the lower seat plate; Two horizontal straight rails are arranged side by side on the lower seat plate, each straight rail is provided with a vertical guide plane, and the two guide planes are arranged on opposite sides of the two horizontal straight rails; The upper seat plate comprises an upper seat plate body and an annular boss arranged on the outer side of the upper seat plate body, and a second convex spherical surface is arranged on a side of the annular boss away from the upper seat plate body; The bridge support for the steel beam also includes a hoop, which is clamped on the annular boss and the center line of the hoop is vertically arranged. Two vertical second planes are provided on the hoop, and each of the second planes is respectively in contact with one of the guide planes to allow the hoop to slide on the guide plane and prevent the hoop from rotating. The inner wall of the hoop is provided with a second concave spherical surface in contact with the second convex spherical surface so that the upper seat plate can rotate relative to the hoop.

[0009] Preferably, the lower seat plate is provided with an anti-falling beam stopper at a position corresponding to each end of the straight track, so as to limit the hoop.

[0010] Preferably, the hoop comprises a half ring I and a half ring II, and both ends of the half ring I are provided with a step I, and both ends of the half ring II are provided with a step II, each step I is overlapped on one step II and the overlaps are fixed together by bolts; The outer edge of the hoop is polygonal, and two third planes parallel to each other are provided on the hoop, and each of the anti-fall beam stoppers is respectively provided with a fourth plane for contacting one of the third planes, so as to improve the force applied to the hoop through plane contact after the hoop contacts the anti-fall beam stopper.

[0011] Preferably, the semi-ring I and semi-ring II both include a semi-ring body and a first guide bar arranged on the semi-ring body, and a second plane is respectively arranged on each first guide bar. Each straight track includes a track body and a second guide bar arranged on the track body, and a vertical guide plane is respectively arranged on each second guide bar.

[0012] Preferably, the upper seat plate main body includes an upper seat body and a spherical slide plate fixedly connected together, the spherical slide plate is located between the upper seat body and the spherical crown body, the bottom of the upper seat body is provided with a third concave spherical surface, the top of the spherical slide plate is provided with a third convex spherical surface in contact with the third concave spherical surface, the annular boss is provided on the upper seat body, and the first concave spherical surface is provided at the bottom of the spherical slide plate.

[0013] Preferably, a first sealing ring installation groove is provided at the bottom of the upper seat body, the first sealing ring is installed in the first sealing ring installation groove, and the first sealing ring is in contact with the spherical crown body.

[0014] Preferably, the spherical crown body includes a spherical crown lining and a planar slide fixedly connected together, the planar slide is located between the lower seat plate and the spherical crown lining, the bottom of the spherical crown lining is provided with a groove and the bottom of the groove is a plane, the top of the planar slide is provided with a fifth plane in contact with the bottom of the groove, and the bottom of the planar slide is provided with the first plane.

[0015] Preferably, the flat skateboard is made of polyimide-based or polytetrafluoroethylene-based material, and the parameters under the test conditions of no silicone grease lubrication are: friction coefficient of 0.08~0.1, linear wear rate of less than 10μm / km, elastic modulus of 1800MPa~2200MPa, ultimate compressive strength of not less than 200MPa, allowable compressive stress of not less than 50MPa, temperature resistance of not less than 400℃, and cumulative reciprocating sliding distance of not less than 100km.

[0016] Preferably, a second sealing ring installation groove is provided at the bottom of the spherical cap lining plate, a second sealing ring is installed in the second sealing ring installation groove, and the second sealing ring is in contact with the lower seat plate.

[0017] Preferably, the upper seat plate body includes a top plate and a frustum structure connected together, the top plate is located above the frustum structure, and the frustum structure is small at the top and large at the bottom, so that the upper seat plate can adapt to the installation space at the bottom of the beam body and release the load of the beam body. The annular boss is arranged on the outside of the frustum structure.

[0018] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1) The present invention relates to a bridge bearing for steel beams, with its main sliding surface at the bottom and its rotating surface at the top. This is equivalent to an inverted version of a conventional bearing structure with the main sliding surface at the top and the rotating surface at the bottom. This inverted design allows the upper seat plate and the beam body fixed to it to rotate flexibly, so that the upper seat plate adjusts the position of its rotation axis during rotation, effectively optimizing the bending moment distribution of the beam body under load, so that the bending moment is more evenly distributed across the beam body. This optimized bending moment distribution helps reduce the occurrence of local stress concentration, avoiding structural fatigue and damage caused by stress concentration, thereby significantly improving the safety and durability of the bridge.

[0019] 2) The present invention's bridge bearing for steel beams features a main sliding surface positioned at the bottom and a rotating surface positioned at the top, allowing for a smaller upper base plate. The dimensions of the connection between the upper base plate and the beam bottom are unaffected by the bearing's longitudinal displacement. This provides significant flexibility in bearing design and installation. The upper base plate's shape, dimensions, and height can be adjusted to better meet bridge connection requirements and stress relief requirements for beam loads. This flexibility not only facilitates construction but also better meets the individual requirements of various complex bridge structures, enhancing the bearing's applicability and versatility.

[0020] 3) The present invention provides a bridge support for steel beams, and the flexible rotating pair formed between the hoop and the upper seat plate can well adapt to the rotation requirements of the bridge under the influence of various factors such as wind loads and temperature changes. During the rotation of the support, the contact between the hoop and the straight track on the lower seat plate is always planar contact. Compared with the line contact or point contact after the rotation of the conventional support structure, this surface contact force mode can distribute the pressure more evenly and significantly improve the force performance of the support. The uniform force distribution can effectively reduce the wear rate of the guide components of the support and reduce the risk of damage due to excessive local force, thereby greatly extending the service life of the support and reducing the maintenance cost of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a partially cutaway perspective view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the front view of the present invention; Figure 4 is a top view of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a hoop of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the upper seat plate with a tapered structure in the present invention; Figure 7 A top view of the lower seat plate of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of half ring I in the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of semi-ring II in the present invention.

[0022] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically: 1. Upper seat plate; 1-1-upper seat plate body; 1-1-1, top plate; 1-1-2, frustum structure; 1-2, spherical slide plate; 2, first sealing ring; 3, second sealing ring; 4, hoop; 5, spherical crown; 5-1, spherical crown lining plate; 5-2, flat slide plate; 6, annular boss; 7, lower seat plate; 8, anchor assembly; 9, beam bottom connection assembly; 4-1, semi-ring I; 4-1-1, step I; 4-2, semi-ring II; 4-2-1, step II; 4-3, bolt; 4-4, second plane; 4-5, second concave spherical surface; 4-6, first guide strip; 4-7, third plane; 7-1, straight track; 7-2, anti-beam drop block; 7-2-1, fourth plane; 7-3, main sliding surface; 7-4, guide plane; 7-5, second guide strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a bridge bearing for a steel beam, comprising an upper seat plate 1, a lower seat plate 7 and a spherical crown body 5 arranged between the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 7. The bottom of the upper seat plate 1 is provided with a first concave spherical surface, and the top of the spherical crown body 5 is provided with a first convex spherical surface in contact with the concave spherical surface, thereby realizing a rotatable connection between the top of the spherical crown body 5 and the upper seat plate 1.

[0025] A main sliding surface 7-3 is provided on the lower seat plate 7, and the main sliding surface 7-3 supports the spherical crown 5 and is a horizontal surface. The bottom of the spherical crown 5 is provided with a first plane that fits with the main sliding surface 7-3, so that the spherical crown 5 slides on the main sliding surface 7-3, thereby realizing the sliding connection between the bottom of the spherical crown 5 and the lower seat plate 7.

[0026] Therefore, the spherical rotating surface of the spherical crown 5 and the upper seat plate 1 of the present invention is on the top, and the planar sliding surface of the spherical crown 5 and the lower seat plate 7 is on the bottom, which is equivalent to the inverted structure of the conventional support structure with the sliding surface on the top and the rotating surface on the bottom.

[0027] Two horizontal straight rails 7-1 are arranged side by side on the lower seat plate 7, and each straight rail 7-1 is provided with a vertical guide plane 7-4, and the two guide planes 7-4 are arranged on opposite sides of the two horizontal straight rails 7-1; The upper seat plate 1 includes an upper seat plate body 1-1 and an annular boss 6 provided on the outer side of the upper seat plate body 1-1. The two are preferably integrally formed. The annular boss 6 is provided with a second convex spherical surface on the side away from the upper seat plate body 1-1. The bridge support for the steel beam also includes a hoop 4, which is clamped on the annular boss 6 of the upper seat plate 1 and the center line of the hoop 4 is vertically arranged. Two vertical second planes 4-4 are provided on the hoop 4, and each of the second planes 4-4 is respectively fitted with one of the guide planes 7-4 to allow the hoop 4 to slide on the guide plane 7-4 and prevent the hoop 4 from rotating. The inner wall of the hoop 4 is provided with a second concave spherical surface 4-5 in contact with the second convex spherical surface. The two guide planes 7-4 can limit the hoop 4 so that the hoop 4 does not rotate and the upper seat plate 1 rotates relative to the hoop 4, thereby allowing the upper seat plate 1 to adapt to the deflection of the bridge, and when the upper seat plate 1 rotates, the second plane 4-4 is in planar contact with the guide plane 7-4.

[0028] The first concave spherical surface provided at the bottom of the upper seat plate 1 of the present invention contacts the first convex spherical surface at the top of the spherical crown 5 to form a spherical support. The spherical contact between the upper seat plate 1 and the hoop 4 forms a rotating pair, so that the support can adapt to the rotation requirements of the beam body while bearing the vertical pressure of the bridge beam body, ensuring the normal rotation of the beam body under the action of wind load, temperature change, etc., and avoiding structural stress concentration and damage caused by limited rotation; the main sliding surface 7-3 provided on the lower seat plate 7 is a horizontal plane, which receives the first plane at the bottom of the spherical crown 5, so that the spherical crown 5 can slide on the main sliding surface 7-3, and the lower seat plate 7 contacts the plane at the bottom of the spherical crown 5 to form a sliding pair.

[0029] The second plane 4-4 of the hoop 4 cooperates with the guide plane 7-4 of the straight track 7-1 on the lower seat 7. The two guide planes 7-4 limit the rotation of the hoop 4, allowing it to slide along the guide plane 7-4 of the straight track 7-1 simultaneously. The hoop 4 inner wall contacts the second convex spherical surface of the annular boss 6 outside the upper seat 1, forming a concave-convex spherical surface to cooperate, allowing the upper seat 1 to rotate relative to the hoop 4. These structures cooperate with each other to jointly constitute a bearing that can adapt to the rotation of the bridge and can also realize sliding, meeting the stress and displacement requirements of the bridge under different working conditions. The second plane 4-4 of the hoop 4 is designed to cooperate with the guide plane 7-4 of the straight track 7-1 to ensure that the hoop 4 can not rotate during the sliding process, thereby ensuring the stability of the bearing. The combined effect of this structure is to improve the stress performance and service life of the bearing, reduce the maintenance cost of the bridge, and is applicable to bridge structures that have strict requirements on the bearing installation space, such as steel-concrete composite beams.

[0030] The first revolute pair formed by the first concave spherical surface and the first convex spherical surface between the upper base plate 1 and the spherical crown 5 primarily enables vertical rotation of the upper base plate 1, adapting to the bridge's deflection requirements within the vertical plane, such as vertical rotation of the bridge caused by factors such as wind loads or uneven settlement. The second revolute pair formed by the second concave spherical surface 4-5 and the second convex spherical surface between the hoop 4 and the annular boss 6 outside the upper base plate 1 allows the upper base plate 1 to rotate in multiple directions about the sphere center relative to the hoop 4 within the horizontal plane, enabling the support to adapt to the bridge's rotation requirements within the horizontal plane, such as horizontal swing or twisting of the bridge under external loads. These two revolute pairs cooperate to enable flexible rotation of the upper base plate 1 in three dimensions, better adapting to the bridge's multidirectional movement requirements under complex operating conditions, avoiding structural stress concentration and damage caused by restricted rotation, and improving the bridge's multidirectional rotation adaptability.

[0031] Furthermore, for bridges with special shapes or complex structures, such as curved bridges and cable-stayed bridges, the forces and deformations in space are even more complex. By providing two rotational connections and a planar connection on the upper base plate 1, the multi-directional deformation of the bridge in space can be more accurately accommodated, ensuring that the bearings can closely fit the bridge under various complex working conditions, providing stable and reliable support, improving the overall stability and safety of the bridge, and enhancing its adaptability to complex bridge structures.

[0032] Conventional bearing structures with a sliding surface on top and a rotating surface on the bottom, when the bridge deflects during use, the designed support centerline of the beam body changes with displacement and does not coincide with the support axis of the bearing, generating a certain amount of additional torque, affecting the load-bearing of the bridge and the bearing. However, the present invention, by providing two rotating connections and a planar connection on the upper seat plate 1, maintains a good contact state at all times. Whether it is the spherical contact between the upper seat plate 1 and the spherical crown 5, or the planar contact between the hoop 4 and the straight track 7-1, a stable contact relationship can be maintained during various movements and deformations of the bridge, thereby significantly improving the load-bearing characteristics of the bearing, extending its service life, and reducing maintenance frequency and costs.

[0033] When the upper seat plate 1 is subjected to horizontal forces or rotates, the horizontal forces and moments are transmitted to the hoop 4 through the spherical contact between the upper seat plate 1 and the hoop 4. The hoop 4 then transmits these forces to the straight track 7-1 and the lower seat plate 7 through its contact with the guide plane 7-4 of the straight track 7-1. In actual operating conditions, the upper seat plate 1 may be subjected to forces acting in multiple directions simultaneously, including vertical forces, horizontal forces, and moments. These forces act together on the hoop 4 and are transmitted to the lower seat plate 7 through the contact surface between the hoop 4 and the guide plane 7-4.

[0034] When the upper seat plate 1 rotates under force, the hoop 4 maintains planar contact with the straight rail 7-1 to form a sliding pair. Planar contact can avoid stress concentration, and planar contact means that the force is evenly distributed over a larger area rather than concentrated in a small area, which effectively avoids this situation and enables the support to withstand greater loads without being easily damaged.

[0035] Compared to line contact or point contact, the contact area between the hoop 4 and the straight track 7-1 is large, allowing the support to bear greater vertical pressure and horizontal forces. In bridge construction, the support needs to withstand multiple vertical loads such as the bridge's own weight and vehicle loads, as well as horizontal loads such as wind loads and vibration. The sliding pair with plane contact can evenly distribute these loads on the contact surface, improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the support and ensuring the stability and safety of the bridge structure. In addition, the plane contact ensures that the friction between the hoop 4 and the straight track 7-1 is evenly distributed. During the sliding process, friction is an important factor affecting the motion performance of the support. The uniform friction force can make the hoop 4 slide smoothly on the straight track 7-1, reduce jitter and sticking during the sliding process, improve the sliding stability and reliability of the support, and help the support better adapt to the deformation and movement requirements of the bridge. The sliding pair with plane contact provides a good guiding effect for the sliding of the hoop 4. The guide plane 7-4 of the straight track 7-1 on the lower seat plate 7 restricts the movement of the hoop 4, forcing it to slide only along the length of the straight track 7-1, that is, only in the set direction without deflection or rotation. This stable sliding guide ensures that the support can slide in the predetermined direction under the action of horizontal forces.

[0036] During actual bridge operation, bearings may be subject to complex forces from multiple directions, including vertical forces, horizontal forces, and moments. The planar contact sliding pair between the second surface 4-4 of the hoop 4 and the guide surface 7-4 of the straight track 7-1 can better adapt to these multi-directional forces, ensuring that the bearing maintains excellent load-bearing performance despite various combined forces. Whether vertical pressure, horizontal shear, or moments, these forces are effectively transmitted and distributed through the planar contact sliding pair, preventing bearing damage or instability due to uneven force distribution and improving load-bearing characteristics.

[0037] In the present invention, the hoop 4 is clamped onto the annular boss 6 of the upper seat plate 1, and the hoop 4 and the straight track 7-1 are in planar contact and sliding connection. Compared with conventional bearing structures without the hoop 4 and straight track 7-1, the advantages are very significant: 1) The hoop 4 contacts the second convex spherical surface of the annular boss 6 on the outer side of the upper seat plate 1, forming a concave-convex spherical fit, allowing the upper seat plate 1 to rotate in multiple directions around the center of the sphere relative to the hoop 4 in the horizontal plane, enabling the bearing to adapt to the bridge's horizontal rotation requirements. If the hoop 4 is removed, the upper seat plate 1 loses this multi-directional rotation capability in the horizontal plane, unable to meet the complex movements such as horizontal swing or torsion that may occur under the influence of vibration. This increases the stress limitations on the upper seat plate 1, potentially leading to stress concentration in the upper seat plate 1 due to the limited rotation, and thus damage. 2) The hoop 4 and the guide surface 7-1-1 of the straight track 7-1 of the lower seat plate 7 are in planar contact, resulting in a large contact area, uniformly distributing pressure, and reducing the wear rate of the bearing components. 3) The hoop 4 and the guide plane 7-1-1 of the straight track 7-1 of the lower seat plate 7 are always in planar contact during the rotation of the support. The contact position is stable and reliable, ensuring that the force arm of the straight track 7-1 is stable, the force of the support guide structure is stable and reliable, and ensuring that the support can stably and reliably transmit the horizontal force of the bridge during use.

[0038] Furthermore, the lower seat plate 7 is provided with anti-beam-dropping blocks 7-2 at each end corresponding to the straight track 7-1, which are used to limit the position of the hoop 4. By providing the anti-beam-dropping blocks 7-2 at each end of the lower seat plate 7 corresponding to the straight track 7-1, the hoop 4 is limited in position, preventing the relative displacement between the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 7 from exceeding the limit in extreme situations (such as a strong earthquake), which could lead to serious safety accidents such as bridge beam drop.

[0039] The provision of the anti-beam-dropping block 7-2 effectively improves the safety of the bearing, which is particularly important for bridges located in high-intensity earthquake zones. When an earthquake occurs, strong horizontal forces may cause large displacements of the bridge structure. Without effective limiting measures, the spherical crown 5 may slide out of the lower seat plate 7, causing serious damage to the bridge or even collapse. By providing the anti-beam-dropping block 7-2 at both ends of the straight track 7-1, the displacement of the hoop 4 can be physically restricted, and it can also be ensured that the hoop 4 always maintains contact with the straight track 7-1, thereby transmitting horizontal forces such as earthquakes to structures such as bridge piers through the bearing, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the bridge. Compared with the traditional separately provided anti-beam-dropping device, this design integrated inside the bearing not only simplifies the structure of the bridge and reduces production costs, but also improves the compactness and reliability of the structure, reduces the risk of failure caused by the coordinated operation of multiple components, and is an economical, effective, safe and reliable anti-beam-dropping measure.

[0040] Furthermore, if the hoop 4 adopts an integral structure, it can be installed on the annular boss 6 by heat-fitting. The hoop 4 of the present invention preferably adopts a split structure, which is convenient for installation on the upper seat plate 1. Figure 8 、 Figure 9 The hoop includes a semi-ring I4-1 and a semi-ring II4-2, and both ends of the semi-ring I4-1 are provided with steps I4-1-1, and both ends of the semi-ring II4-2 are provided with steps II4-2-1, each of the steps I4-1-1 is overlapped on one of the steps II4-2-1 and the overlaps are fixed together by bolts 4-3; specifically, a countersunk hole is provided at the step I4-1-1 of the semi-ring I4-1, and a threaded hole is provided at the step II4-2-1 of the semi-ring II4-2. When the support is assembled, the semi-ring I4-1 and the semi-ring II4-2 are pressed against the annular boss 6 from both sides, and then the semi-ring I4-1 and the semi-ring II4-2 are connected into a whole with bolts 4-3, so that the hoop 4 tightens the annular boss 6.

[0041] The outer edge of the hoop 4 is polygonal, and two third planes 4-7 parallel to each other are provided on the hoop 4, and each of the anti-fall beam stoppers 7-2 is respectively provided with a fourth plane 7-2-1 for contacting one of the third planes 4-7, so as to improve the force of the hoop through plane contact after the hoop 4 contacts the anti-fall beam stopper 7-2.

[0042] In addition, both the semi-ring I 4-1 and the semi-ring II 4-2 include a semi-ring body and a first guide bar 4-6 provided on the semi-ring body, and each first guide bar 4-6 is provided with a second plane 4-4. Correspondingly, each straight track 7-1 includes a track body and a second guide bar 7-5 provided on the track body, and each second guide bar 7-5 is provided with a vertical guide plane 7-4. As a wear-prone component, the guide bar is designed to be replaced individually, avoiding the situation where the entire semi-ring or straight track is scrapped due to wear, thereby extending the service life of the entire support. In addition, the guide bar can also be subjected to special surface treatment or strengthening treatment, such as coating, heat treatment, etc., to improve its wear resistance and corrosion resistance, further extending the service life of the semi-ring I 4-1, semi-ring II 4-2 and straight track 7-1.

[0043] Furthermore, the upper seat plate body 1-1 includes an upper seat body and a spherical skateboard 1-2 fixedly connected together, the spherical skateboard 1-2 is located between the upper seat body and the spherical crown body 5, the bottom of the upper seat body is provided with a third concave spherical surface, the top of the spherical skateboard 1-2 is provided with a third convex spherical surface in contact with the third concave spherical surface, the annular boss 6 is provided on the upper seat body, and the first concave spherical surface is provided at the bottom of the spherical skateboard 1-2.

[0044] Furthermore, a first sealing ring installation groove is provided at the bottom of the upper seat body, a first sealing ring 2 is installed in the first sealing ring installation groove, and the first sealing ring 2 is in contact with the spherical crown 5.

[0045] The installation of the first sealing ring 2 is crucial for the long-term stable operation of the bearing. In the actual use environment of a bridge, the bearing is inevitably affected by the external environment, such as dust, rain, and salt spray. Once these impurities enter the bearing, they can accelerate component wear, reduce the performance of the friction pair, and even cause serious failures such as bearing seizure. By installing the first sealing ring 2 between the spherical slide 1-2 and the spherical crown 5, the intrusion of external impurities can be effectively blocked, and the internal contact surface can be kept clean and lubricated, thereby ensuring the smooth sliding and low-friction characteristics of the spherical surface are maintained over the long term.

[0046] Furthermore, the spherical crown body 5 includes a spherical crown lining 5-1 and a flat slide 5-2 fixedly connected together, the flat slide 5-2 is located between the lower seat plate 7 and the spherical crown lining 5-1, the bottom of the spherical crown lining 5-1 is provided with a groove and the bottom of the groove is a plane, the top of the flat slide 5-2 is provided with a fifth plane in contact with the bottom of the groove, and the bottom of the flat slide 5-2 is provided with the first plane.

[0047] Furthermore, a second sealing ring installation groove is provided at the bottom of the spherical cap lining plate 5 - 1 , a second sealing ring 3 is installed in the second sealing ring installation groove, and the second sealing ring 3 is in contact with the lower seat plate 7 .

[0048] The placement of the second sealing ring 3 alongside the first sealing ring 2 significantly enhances the bearing's sealing effectiveness. Over extended use, the two sealing rings more effectively block the intrusion of harmful substances such as dust, moisture, and salt spray, better protecting the sliding and rotating performance of key internal components. This design enhances the bearing's performance stability throughout its lifecycle, reducing premature failure and the need for frequent maintenance caused by poor sealing.

[0049] Furthermore, the planar skateboard 5-2 is made of polyimide-based or polytetrafluoroethylene-based material, and the parameters under the test conditions of no silicone grease lubrication are: friction coefficient of 0.08~0.1, linear wear rate less than 10μm / km, elastic modulus of 1800MPa~2200MPa, ultimate compressive strength of not less than 200MPa, allowable compressive stress of not less than 50MPa, temperature resistance of not less than 400℃, and cumulative reciprocating sliding distance of not less than 100km.

[0050] The material selection range of the flat slide plate 5-2 (polyimide-based or polytetrafluoroethylene-based materials) and a series of key material performance parameters, such as friction coefficient, linear wear rate, elastic modulus, ultimate compressive strength, allowable compressive stress, temperature resistance and cumulative reciprocating sliding distance, ensure that the flat slide plate 5-2 has good sliding performance, wear resistance and the ability to adapt to various environmental conditions to meet the performance requirements of bridge bearings in long-term use.

[0051] Clearly defined materials and properties for the flat slide 5-2 provide a solid foundation for the reliable operation of the bearing. First, polyimide- or polytetrafluoroethylene-based materials are selected. These materials possess excellent self-lubricating properties, wear resistance, and chemical stability, maintaining a low coefficient of friction (0.08-0.1) without silicone lubrication. This significantly reduces energy loss and wear during the bearing's sliding process, while also reducing reliance on lubricants and reducing maintenance workload. The flat slide 5-2 boasts a higher coefficient of friction (0.03-0.05) than conventional slides, effectively suppressing bridge displacement under external impact loads and ensuring structural stability. Second, a linear wear rate of less than 10 μm / km ensures the flat slide 5-2's dimensional stability and durability over long-term use, preventing excessive wear that could reduce the bearing's service life. Specified elastic modulus, ultimate compressive strength, and allowable compressive stress ranges ensure the flat slide 5-2's rigidity and strength when subjected to vertical bridge pressure, preventing excessive deformation or damage and thus ensuring stable bearing load-bearing. The requirement for heat resistance of no less than 400°C ensures that the slide plate can continue to function normally even when the bearing temperature rises during reciprocating motion, ensuring the normal use of the bearing. These strict material performance indicators work together to ensure that the flat slide plate 5-2 can perform its sliding function stably and long-term under various complex working conditions, providing reliable protection for the safe operation of the bridge. It also provides clear standards for the design, manufacturing, and quality control of bearings, which is conducive to improving the technical level and product quality of the entire industry.

[0052] The present invention can optimize the layout and size of the support, reduce the volume of the upper base plate 1, and make it better suitable for bridge structures such as steel-concrete composite beams that have limited support installation space, while ensuring the bearing capacity and stability of the support. The shape and size of the upper base plate 1 can be adjusted according to the size of the beam bottom. As a preferred embodiment, the upper base plate body 1-1 of the present invention includes a top plate 1-1-1 and a frustum structure 1-1-2 connected together (see Figure 6 ), the top plate 1-1-1 is located above the frustum structure 1-1-2. The frustum structure 1-1-2 is in a shape that is small at the top and large at the bottom, which can well adapt to the situation where the bottom size of the beam is small, ensure the reliable connection between the support and the beam, and disperse the load of the beam to improve the stress of the support.

[0053] In steel-concrete composite beams, since the lower structure of the beam body adopts steel sections, the space for installing the support is relatively small. Therefore, the upper structure size of the support must be compact to ensure that it can be successfully installed in the limited space.

[0054] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge bearing for a steel beam, comprising an upper base plate, a lower base plate, and a spherical crown disposed between the upper and lower base plates, wherein the bottom of the upper base plate is provided with a first concave spherical surface, and the top of the spherical crown is provided with a first convex spherical surface that contacts the concave spherical surface, thereby achieving a rotatable connection between the top of the spherical crown and the upper base plate, characterized in that: The lower seat plate is provided with a main sliding surface, the main sliding surface receives the spherical crown and is a horizontal surface, and the bottom of the spherical crown is provided with a first plane that is in contact with the main sliding surface so that the spherical crown slides on the main sliding surface, thereby achieving a sliding connection between the bottom of the spherical crown and the lower seat plate; Two horizontal straight rails are arranged side by side on the lower seat plate, each straight rail is provided with a vertical guide plane, and the two guide planes are arranged on opposite sides of the two horizontal straight rails; The upper seat plate comprises an upper seat plate body and an annular boss arranged on the outer side of the upper seat plate body, and a second convex spherical surface is arranged on a side of the annular boss away from the upper seat plate body; The bridge support for the steel beam also includes a hoop, which is clamped on the annular boss and the center line of the hoop is vertically arranged. Two vertical second planes are provided on the hoop, and each of the second planes is respectively in contact with one of the guide planes to allow the hoop to slide on the guide plane and prevent the hoop from rotating. The inner wall of the hoop is provided with a second concave spherical surface in contact with the second convex spherical surface so that the upper seat plate can rotate relative to the hoop.

2. A bridge support for a steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower seat plate is provided with anti-falling beam stoppers at the position corresponding to each end of the straight track, so as to limit the hoop.

3. A bridge support for a steel beam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hoop comprises a half ring I and a half ring II, and both ends of the half ring I are provided with a step I, and both ends of the half ring II are provided with a step II, each step I is overlapped on a step II and the overlaps are fixed together by bolts; The outer edge of the hoop is polygonal, and two third planes parallel to each other are provided on the hoop, and each of the anti-fall beam stoppers is respectively provided with a fourth plane for contacting one of the third planes, so as to improve the force applied to the hoop through plane contact after the hoop contacts the anti-fall beam stopper.

4. A bridge support for steel beams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The semi-ring I and semi-ring II both include a semi-ring body and a first guide bar arranged on the semi-ring body, and each first guide bar is respectively provided with a second plane. Each straight track includes a track body and a second guide bar arranged on the track body, and each second guide bar is respectively provided with a vertical guide plane.

5. The bridge support for steel beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper seat plate main body includes an upper seat body and a spherical slide plate fixedly connected together, the spherical slide plate is located between the upper seat body and the spherical crown body, the bottom of the upper seat body is provided with a third concave spherical surface, the top of the spherical slide plate is provided with a third convex spherical surface in contact with the third concave spherical surface, the annular boss is provided on the upper seat body, and the first concave spherical surface is provided at the bottom of the spherical slide plate.

6. The bridge support for steel beams according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first sealing ring installation groove is provided at the bottom of the upper seat body, the first sealing ring is installed in the first sealing ring installation groove, and the first sealing ring is in contact with the spherical crown body.

7. The bridge support for steel beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical crown body includes a spherical crown lining and a planar slide fixedly connected together, the planar slide is located between the lower seat plate and the spherical crown lining, the bottom of the spherical crown lining is provided with a groove and the bottom of the groove is a plane, the top of the planar slide is provided with a fifth plane in contact with the bottom of the groove, and the bottom of the planar slide is provided with the first plane.

8. The bridge support for steel beams according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flat slide is made of polyimide-based or polytetrafluoroethylene-based material, and its parameters under the test conditions of no silicone grease lubrication are as follows: friction coefficient of 0.08-0.1, linear wear rate of less than 10μm / km, elastic modulus of 1800 MPa-2200 MPa, ultimate compressive strength of not less than 200MPa, allowable compressive stress of not less than 50MPa, temperature resistance of not less than 400°C, and cumulative reciprocating sliding distance of not less than 100km.

9. The bridge support for a steel beam according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second sealing ring installation groove is provided at the bottom of the spherical cap lining plate, a second sealing ring is installed in the second sealing ring installation groove, and the second sealing ring is in contact with the lower seat plate.

10. The bridge support for a steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper seat plate body includes a top plate and a frustum structure connected together, the top plate is located above the frustum structure, and the frustum structure is small at the top and large at the bottom so that the upper seat plate can adapt to the installation space at the bottom of the beam body and release the load of the beam body. The annular boss is arranged on the outside of the frustum structure.

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