Self-circulation type resin flow electrode deionization device for dispersion water purification

Abstract

This disclosure provides a self-circulating resin-flowing electrode deionization device for decentralized water purification, relating to the field of water treatment. It includes: an anode section housing an anode flowing electrode in a raw water treatment zone, and a cathode section housing a cathode flowing electrode. A raw water flow section is located between the anode and cathode sections, used to transport raw water and selectively exchange it with the flowing electrode through an ion-selective membrane. A regeneration zone is used for in-situ regeneration of the flowing electrode that adsorbs target ions. A circulation drive unit connects the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone, used to drive the flowing electrode to circulate between the two zones. A power supply unit connects the anode and cathode sections, used to provide a driving electric field to drive the directional migration of ions. The anode flowing electrode includes a magnetic anion exchange resin slurry, and the cathode flowing electrode includes a magnetic cation exchange resin slurry. This disclosure addresses the needs of rural or decentralized water treatment, enabling efficient and sustainable decentralized water treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water treatment technology, for example to a self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device for dispersed water purification. Background Technology

[0002] Existing water treatment technologies mainly include chemical precipitation, ion exchange resin technology, and traditional capacitive deionization (CDI) technology.

[0003] Chemical precipitation involves adding lime (CaO) and soda (sodium bicarbonate). ) and other drugs, to , generate , Precipitation. However, the nitrate removal rate is extremely low (<10%), requiring additional processes (such as reverse osmosis) for supplementary treatment, resulting in high system complexity; at the same time, the reagent consumption is large (5-10 kg of lime per ton of water), and the amount of sludge generated accounts for 3% to 5% of the treated water volume, with high costs for subsequent sludge dewatering and disposal; it cannot remove nitrate and hardness simultaneously, requiring multiple stages of processes in series, which occupies a large area and is difficult to operate and maintain.

[0004] Ion exchange resin technology utilizes anion exchange resins (such as common quaternary ammonium resins) to adsorb... Adsorption of cation exchange resins (such as sulfonic acid type) , However, it has regeneration issues: the resin's adsorption capacity is limited (anion resin to...). The adsorption capacity is approximately 1.2-1.5 mmol / g, requiring frequent regeneration (regeneration is required once for every 1000 L of water treated). The regeneration solution is a 5%–10% NaCl solution, resulting in high-salt wastewater. The regeneration process requires shutdown and has low efficiency.

[0005] Traditional capacitive deionization (CDI) technology adsorbs ions using carbon-based electrodes (such as activated carbon or carbon aerogel) and regenerates them through reverse voltage desorption. However, it suffers from low adsorption capacity: traditional carbon electrodes... The adsorption capacity is <20 mg / g, which is suitable for treating high-concentration water ( When the concentration is >50 mg / L, the electrode saturates rapidly, requiring frequent reverse voltage cleaning (energy consumption >1.5 ppm). );

[0006] A solution that meets the following requirements is urgently needed:

[0007] 1. Synchronous removal: Single device for simultaneous removal , , It is necessary to combine selective adsorption and precipitation mechanisms (such as resin-chemical coupling process).

[0008] 2. In-situ regeneration: Regeneration is achieved through voltage-driven ion desorption (CDI) or flowing resin circulation, avoiding downtime and the use of chemical agents.

[0009] The present invention addresses the aforementioned technological gap by combining flowing electrode capacitive deionization technology with magnetic ion exchange resin to achieve efficient and sustainable decentralized water treatment.

[0010] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments, but rather as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0012] This disclosure provides a self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device for decentralized water purification. By combining flow electrode capacitive deionization technology with magnetic ion exchange resin, efficient and sustainable decentralized water treatment is achieved.

[0013] In some embodiments, the self-circulating resin flowing electrode deionization device for dispersed water purification includes:

[0014] The raw water treatment zone includes an anode section, a cathode section, an ion-selective membrane, and a raw water flow section. The anode section houses an anode flow electrode, the cathode section houses a cathode flow electrode, and the raw water flow section is located between the anode section and the cathode section. It is used to transport raw water and selectively replace the raw water with ions through the ion-selective membrane and the flow electrode.

[0015] The regeneration zone is used for in-situ regeneration of the flow electrode that adsorbs target ions;

[0016] A circulation drive unit, connecting the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone, is used to drive the anode flow electrode and the cathode flow electrode to circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone.

[0017] A power supply unit, connected to the anode and cathode, is used to provide a driving electric field to drive the directional migration of ions;

[0018] The anode flow electrode comprises a magnetic anion exchange resin slurry, and the cathode flow electrode comprises a magnetic cation exchange resin slurry.

[0019] Optionally, the anode portion includes an anode substrate, a first electrode chamber, and an anion-selective membrane, wherein the first electrode chamber houses an anode flow electrode, and the anode portion is used to absorb nitrate ions from the raw water;

[0020] The cathode portion includes a cathode substrate, a second electrode chamber, and a cation-selective membrane; the second electrode chamber houses a cathode flow electrode, and the cathode portion is used to absorb magnesium and calcium ions from the raw water.

[0021] Optionally, the regeneration zone includes:

[0022] The flowing anode regeneration section includes an anode substrate, a third electrode chamber, and an anion exchange membrane. The third electrode chamber houses the flowing anode electrode. The flowing anode regeneration section is used to desorb and regenerate magnetic anion exchange resin slurry.

[0023] A flowing cathode regeneration unit includes a cathode substrate, a fourth electrode chamber, and a cation exchange membrane. The fourth electrode chamber houses a flowing cathode electrode. The flowing cathode regeneration unit is used to desorb and regenerate a magnetic cation exchange resin slurry.

[0024] The regenerated liquid flow section, located between the flowing anode regeneration section and the flowing cathode regeneration section, is used to transport the regenerated liquid;

[0025] The anode substrate and the cathode substrate are respectively connected to the power supply.

[0026] The regeneration zone achieves in-situ regeneration of the flow electrode and directional separation of target ions through the synergistic effect of the ion exchange membrane and the regeneration solution.

[0027] Optionally, the regenerated liquid circulation section is provided with a regenerated liquid supply unit and a waste liquid collection port. The regenerated liquid supply unit provides a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 5% to 15% and a flow rate of 20 to 60 mL / min. The waste liquid collection port is used to centrally discharge desorbed calcium ions, magnesium ions, and nitrate ions.

[0028] Optionally, the cyclic drive unit includes:

[0029] A circulating pipeline system connects the raw water treatment area and the regeneration area, forming a closed flow path;

[0030] The pump assembly is installed on the circulation pipeline system and is configured to drive the resin slurry to circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone.

[0031] A flow control module, connected to the pump body assembly, is used to adjust the flow rate of the resin slurry;

[0032] The circulation drive unit, through the coordinated action of the pump assembly and the pipeline system, realizes the transfer of adsorbed saturated resin to the regeneration zone and the return of regenerated resin to the raw water treatment zone, ensuring continuous circulation treatment.

[0033] Optionally, the flow control module includes a flow sensor and a dynamic adjustment unit, which adjusts the flow rate in real time based on the resin adsorption capacity signal to match the regeneration efficiency and maintain the adsorption-regeneration dynamic balance.

[0034] Optionally, the circulation piping system includes:

[0035] The anode pipeline connects the first electrode chamber in the raw water treatment zone to the third electrode chamber in the regeneration zone, and is used to transport magnetic anion exchange resin slurry.

[0036] The cathode pipeline connects the second electrode chamber in the raw water treatment area to the fourth electrode chamber in the regeneration area, and is used to transport magnetic cation exchange resin slurry.

[0037] Optionally, the raw water circulation section includes a raw water supply inlet and a raw water outlet, wherein the raw water supply inlet is located at the lower part of the raw water treatment area, and the raw water outlet is located at the upper part of the raw water circulation section; and / or,

[0038] The waste liquid collection port is located at the lower part of the regenerated liquid flow section.

[0039] Optionally, the power supply unit is powered by a solar panel, with the negative electrode of the solar panel connected to the anode substrate and the positive electrode of the solar panel connected to the cathode substrate, and a constant voltage of 1.2V applied.

[0040] Optionally, the anode flow electrode is composed of a magnetic anion exchange resin and deionized water in a 1:4 ratio, and the cathode flow electrode is composed of a magnetic cation exchange resin and deionized water in a 1:4 ratio.

[0041] The resin flow electrode capacitor device for water treatment provided in this disclosure can achieve the following technical effects:

[0042] The resin flowing electrode capacitor device of this invention is an integrated water treatment device. The magnetic resin operates in a flowing state, avoiding the adsorption saturation problem of traditional fixed electrodes and improving treatment efficiency. The regeneration zone and the treatment zone are directly connected, eliminating the need for disassembly or resin replacement, thus achieving unattended operation and low maintenance costs.

[0043] By combining capacitive deionization (CDI), flowing electrode, and magnetic ion exchange resin technologies, nitrates in groundwater or surface water can be removed simultaneously. ) and hardness ions ( , This device enables in-situ regeneration and recycling of the resin. It is particularly suitable for decentralized water supply scenarios in rural and remote mountainous areas, featuring low energy consumption, low maintenance costs, and high adaptability.

[0044] The core of this invention lies in constructing a continuous circulation treatment system through the synergistic effect of electric field driving, resin adsorption, and in-situ regeneration.

[0045] The above general description and the description below are exemplary and illustrative only and are not intended to limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0046] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations and drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements. The drawings are not to be scaled. And wherein:

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device for dispersed water purification provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 1. First electrode chamber; 2. Second electrode chamber; 3. Third electrode chamber; 4. Fourth electrode chamber; 5. Anode substrate; 6. Cathode substrate; 7. Anode pipeline; 8. Cathode pipeline; 9. Peristaltic pump; 10. Cation-selective membrane; 11. Anion-selective membrane; 12. Cation exchange membrane; 13. Anion exchange membrane; 14. Raw water flow section; 15. Regenerated liquid flow section. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To provide a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure. In the following technical description, for ease of explanation, several details are used to provide a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may still be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices may be simplified in their depiction to simplify the drawings.

[0051] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this disclosure described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0052] In this disclosure, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "middle," "outer," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for better describing the embodiments of this disclosure and their implementations, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to require them to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] Unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0055] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0056] The term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0057] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0058] Combination Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this disclosure provides a self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device for dispersed water purification, comprising a raw water treatment zone, a regeneration zone, a circulation drive unit, and a power supply unit.

[0059] The raw water treatment zone includes an anode section, a cathode section, an ion-selective membrane, and a raw water flow section 14. The anode section houses an anode flow electrode, the cathode section houses a cathode flow electrode, and the raw water flow section 14 is located between the anode section and the cathode section. It is used to transport raw water and selectively replace the raw water with ions through the ion-selective membrane and the flow electrode.

[0060] The regeneration zone is used to regenerate the flow electrode that adsorbs the target ions in situ.

[0061] The circulation drive unit connects the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone, and is used to drive the anode flow electrode and the cathode flow electrode to circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone.

[0062] The power supply unit connects the anode and cathode sections and is used to provide a driving electric field to drive the directional migration of ions.

[0063] The anode flow electrode comprises a magnetic anion exchange resin slurry, and the cathode flow electrode comprises a magnetic cation exchange resin slurry.

[0064] Understandably, the pore size of ion-selective membranes (anion-selective membrane 11, cation-selective membrane 10) is typically in the nanometer range (1-10 nm), allowing only hydrated ions (such as...) , , (etc.) pass through. The size of magnetic resin particles is generally in the micrometer range (10-100 μm), which is much larger than the membrane pore size, and they cannot physically penetrate the membrane structure.

[0065] The flow path of the magnetic resin is strictly confined within a closed loop system in the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone (controlled by the loop drive unit), and is physically isolated from the raw water or regenerated liquid flow area outside the membrane.

[0066] In the raw water treatment zone, the resin flows within the electrode chamber and contacts the raw water through an ion-selective membrane on the outside, but the resin particles do not enter the raw water side. In the regeneration zone, the resin circulates outside the regenerated liquid flow section 15, and the regenerated liquid contacts the resin through a membrane, but the resin itself does not enter the regenerated liquid channel.

[0067] Magnetic resins (such as magnetic iron oxide cation exchange resins and magnetic polymer anion exchange resins) exhibit magnetic responsiveness. In the raw water treatment zone or regeneration zone, the local enrichment of resin particles can be enhanced by an external magnetic field (such as a magnetic electrode or a fixed magnet), preventing them from approaching the membrane surface.

[0068] Magnetic particles are constrained by magnetic force during flow, reducing the possibility of direct contact with the membrane.

[0069] Furthermore, ion-selective membranes not only rely on pore size barrier but also employ charge-selective repulsion of substances with the same charge as the membrane. For example, the anion exchange membrane 13 carries a positively charged surface, repelling positively charged magnetic anion exchange resin particles. The cation exchange membrane 12 carries a negatively charged surface, repelling negatively charged magnetic cation exchange resin particles. This charge repulsion further prevents resin particles from adhering to or penetrating the membrane structure.

[0070] Magnetic resins (such as positively charged anion exchange resins and negatively charged cation exchange resins) possess fixed-charge groups. These charged groups adsorb counterions (such as...) from water through electrostatic interactions. , , ).

[0071] Furthermore, the electric field provided by the power supply unit does not directly drive the physical movement of the resin particles (resin flow is controlled by the peristaltic pump 9), but it does affect the charge distribution on the resin surface and the adsorption / desorption behavior. Under a strong electric field, the resin particles may become polarized, increasing their surface charge density and thus improving the adsorption efficiency for target ions.

[0072] In the raw water treatment zone, after applying a 1.2V DC voltage, the anode (positive electrode) attracts anions (such as...) in the water. The cathode (negative electrode) attracts cations (such as...) , Ions migrate to their corresponding electrode regions under the influence of an electric field and are adsorbed by the magnetic resin (anions are adsorbed by the magnetic anion exchange resin at the anode, and cations are adsorbed by the magnetic cation exchange resin at the cathode). The electric field accelerates the ion transport rate to the resin surface, shortening the adsorption time. The electrostatic attraction between the charge on the resin surface and the target ions is strengthened by the electric field, increasing the adsorption capacity.

[0073] In the regeneration zone, the saturated resin comes into contact with the regeneration solution (e.g., a 10% NaCl solution). A continuous electric field ensures the presence of adsorption in the regeneration solution. and It migrates efficiently to the resin surface to complete the ion exchange reaction. The magnetic properties of the resin (such as magnetic iron oxide or magnetic polymer matrix) allow for control of its flow path in the device with the assistance of an external magnetic field, preventing blockage or loss.

[0074] The combined action of magnetic and electric fields ensures efficient resin circulation during the electric field-driven ion adsorption / desorption process. Electric field-driven ion migration and resin regeneration reduce reliance on additional chemical agents (such as acids and alkalis), requiring only a small amount of NaCl regeneration solution, thus lowering operating costs. The electric field in this invention directs anions and cations to their respective electrode regions, and combined with the selective adsorption of the resin, achieves simultaneous removal of nitrates and hardness.

[0075] With low voltage requirements (1.2V) and compatibility with solar power, it is suitable for decentralized water supply scenarios in remote areas.

[0076] The electric field does not directly drive the physical movement of the resin, but it indirectly improves resin performance by modulating ion migration and enhancing adsorption / desorption efficiency. In other words, the core role of the electric field in the device is:

[0077] 1. Drives the directional migration of target ions to the resin surface;

[0078] 2. To facilitate the exchange of ions in the regeneration solution with target ions on the resin;

[0079] 3. Optimize resin circulation and positioning in conjunction with magnetic fields.

[0080] As an example, both the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone are equipped with electrode chambers, which contain flowing electrodes (magnetic anion / cation exchange resins) that are continuously circulated between the treatment zone and the regeneration zone by a circulation system (such as a peristaltic pump 9).

[0081] Optionally, the anode flow electrode is composed of a magnetic anion exchange resin and deionized water in a 1:4 ratio, and the cathode flow electrode is composed of a magnetic cation exchange resin and deionized water in a 1:4 ratio.

[0082] As an example, the magnetic cation exchange resin is a magnetic iron oxide cation exchange resin, and the magnetic anion exchange resin is a magnetic polymer anion exchange resin.

[0083] Optionally, in the raw water treatment zone, the anode section includes an anode substrate 5, a first electrode chamber 1, and an anion-selective membrane 11. The first electrode chamber 1 houses the anode flow electrode, and the anode section is used to absorb nitrate ions in the raw water. The cathode section includes a cathode substrate 6, a second electrode chamber 2, and a cation-selective membrane 10. The second electrode chamber 2 houses the cathode flow electrode, and the cathode section is used to absorb magnesium ions and calcium ions in the raw water.

[0084] The regeneration zone includes a flowing anode regeneration section, a flowing cathode regeneration section, and a regeneration liquid circulation section 15.

[0085] The flowing anode regeneration section includes an anode substrate 5, a third electrode chamber 3, and an anion exchange membrane 13. The third electrode chamber 3 houses the anode flowing electrode, and the flowing anode regeneration section is used for desorption and regeneration of the magnetic anion exchange resin slurry. The flowing cathode regeneration section includes a cathode substrate 6, a fourth electrode chamber 4, and a cation exchange membrane 12. The fourth electrode chamber 4 houses the cathode flowing electrode, and the flowing cathode regeneration section is used for desorption and regeneration of the magnetic cation exchange resin slurry. A regeneration liquid flow section 15 is located between the flowing anode regeneration section and the flowing cathode regeneration section and is used to transport the regeneration liquid. The anode substrate 5 and the cathode substrate 6 are respectively connected to the power supply. The regeneration zone achieves in-situ regeneration of the flowing electrode and directional separation of target ions through the synergistic effect of the ion exchange membrane and the regeneration liquid flow.

[0086] The regenerated liquid circulation section 15 is equipped with a regenerated liquid supply unit and a waste liquid collection port. The regenerated liquid supply unit provides a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 5% to 15% and a flow rate of 20 to 60 mL / min. The waste liquid collection port is used to centrally discharge desorbed calcium ions, magnesium ions and nitrate ions.

[0087] As an example, the anode substrate 5 is graphite carbon, and the cathode substrate 6 is platinum.

[0088] Optionally, the circulation drive unit includes a circulation pipeline system, a pump body assembly, and a flow control module.

[0089] The circulation pipeline system connects the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone, forming a closed flow path; the pump assembly is installed on the circulation pipeline system and configured to drive the resin slurry to circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone; the flow control module is connected to the pump assembly and is used to adjust the flow rate of the resin slurry.

[0090] The circulation drive unit, through the coordinated action of the pump assembly and the pipeline system, realizes the transfer of adsorbed saturated resin to the regeneration zone and the return of regenerated resin to the raw water treatment zone, ensuring continuous circulation treatment.

[0091] A peristaltic pump or a centrifugal pump is used to drive the resin slurry to circulate between the raw water treatment zone, the regeneration zone, and the raw water treatment zone at a flow rate of 10-30 mL / min.

[0092] Preferably, the flow control module includes a flow sensor and a dynamic adjustment unit, which adjusts the flow rate in real time based on the resin adsorption capacity signal to match the regeneration efficiency and maintain the dynamic balance between adsorption and regeneration.

[0093] The circulation pipeline system includes an anode pipeline 7 and a cathode pipeline 7. The anode pipeline 7 connects the first electrode chamber 1 of the raw water treatment zone to the third electrode chamber 3 of the regeneration zone, and is used to transport magnetic anion exchange resin slurry;

[0094] The cathode line 7 connects the second electrode chamber 2 in the raw water treatment zone to the fourth electrode chamber 4 in the regeneration zone, and is used to transport the magnetic cation exchange resin slurry. Both the anode line 7 and the cathode line 7 are equipped with peristaltic pumps 9 or centrifugal pumps to allow the magnetic resin to circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone.

[0095] Optionally, the raw water circulation section 14 includes a raw water supply port and a raw water outlet, the raw water supply port being located at the lower part of the raw water treatment zone and the raw water outlet being located at the upper part of the raw water circulation section 14; and / or, the waste liquid collection port being located at the lower part of the regenerated liquid circulation section 15.

[0096] Understandably, the raw water supply inlet is located at the bottom of the raw water treatment zone, allowing the raw water to enter from the bottom and gradually diffuse as it flows upwards, ensuring full contact with the flow electrodes (magnetic resin). This prevents short-circuiting of the water flow and ensures that all raw water passes through the electric field and resin adsorption area. Furthermore, the natural upflow design reduces reliance on pumping energy, making it particularly suitable for low-energy solar-powered scenarios. If the water contains air, the bubbles can naturally rise with the water flow to the top outlet and be discharged, preventing accumulation in the treatment zone and affecting ion adsorption efficiency. The water outlet is located at the top of the treatment zone, facilitating efficient collection of purified water. The treated clean water naturally collects at the top, allowing for centralized discharge from the raw water outlet and reducing untreated water residue.

[0097] The regenerated solution (10% NaCl) is injected from the top of the regeneration zone, where it undergoes ion exchange with the saturated resin. Waste liquid and detached impurities settle to the bottom due to gravity and are discharged centrally through the lower waste liquid collection port, preventing waste liquid residue from affecting regeneration efficiency. The lower collection design reduces the mixing of waste liquid with fresh regenerated solution, maintains the stability of the regenerated solution concentration, and ensures the resin regeneration effect. This allows for natural sedimentation and discharge of waste liquid without additional power, simplifying the device structure and reducing operation and maintenance complexity.

[0098] In summary, the countercurrent flow of raw water (bottom in, top out) extends the contact time, and combined with the sedimentation collection of waste liquid, it achieves highly efficient synergy between ion adsorption and regeneration. Gravity-assisted flow reduces the need for pumping, and centralized waste liquid discharge reduces regenerator consumption, making it suitable for decentralized water supply scenarios in rural and remote areas. This avoids problems such as bubble retention, resin loss, and waste liquid back mixing, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0099] Optionally, the power supply unit is powered by a solar panel, with the negative electrode of the solar panel connected to the cathode substrate 6 and the positive electrode of the solar panel connected to the anode substrate 5, and a constant voltage of 1.2V applied.

[0100] Understandably, solar panels provide a low voltage electric field of 0.8-1.5V, which is suitable for ion migration and adsorption requirements.

[0101] The working principle of this application is explained below:

[0102] Groundwater in mountainous areas often contains high concentrations of nitrate, magnesium, and calcium ions. By applying voltage to the electrodes to create an electric field, the anions and cations in the water can be directed towards the anode and cathode, respectively, according to the direction of the electric field.

[0103] This application includes two electrode chambers in both the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone, to respectively contain magnetic anion exchange resin and magnetic cation exchange resin. Under the action of the circulation drive unit, the magnetic resin can circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone.

[0104] During the adsorption stage, raw water (flow rate 10 mL / min) enters the raw water treatment zone from the raw water inlet and, driven by the electric field, They migrate to the anode and are adsorbed by the magnetic anion exchange resin. , The water migrates to the cathode and is adsorbed by the magnetic cation exchange resin, and the purified water flows out from the raw water outlet.

[0105] During the regeneration stage, the saturated resin slurry is transported to the regeneration zone via a circulation drive unit, where the target ions are replaced by a regeneration solution (NaCl), and then returned to the treatment zone after regeneration.

[0106] The flow sensor monitors the resin adsorption capacity in real time and dynamically adjusts the circulation frequency and regenerated liquid flow rate to ensure continuous operation.

[0107] The magnetic anion exchange resin and the magnetic cation exchange resin are provided with corresponding ion exchange membranes (ion selective membranes) on their outer sides to achieve selective filtration of the ions to be removed.

[0108] In the raw water treatment area, adsorption removal... and The principle is as follows:

[0109] ;

[0110] ;

[0111] Adsorption removal The principle is as follows:

[0112] .

[0113] In the regeneration region of the flowing electrode, the regeneration principle of the cathode flowing electrode is as follows:

[0114] ;

[0115] .

[0116] The regeneration principle of the anodic flow electrode is as follows:

[0117] .

[0118] To achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of resin adsorption capacity, the system needs to construct a multi-sensor collaborative data acquisition network. An example is provided below:

[0119] Flow sensors are deployed at the raw water inlet and regenerated liquid pipeline to monitor the raw water flow rate (Q1) and regenerated liquid flow rate (Q2); ion concentration sensors detect nitrate in the raw water in real time. ) and hardness ions ( , The inlet concentration (C1) and the residual concentration at the outlet of the purified water are measured; a pressure / flow rate sensor is installed on the resin circulation pipeline to monitor the resin flow rate (Q3) and ensure uniform flow.

[0120] The real-time adsorption capacity of the resin is calculated by fusing multi-source data using a programmable logic controller (PLC) or embedded microcontroller.

[0121] ,

[0122] in, The sampling time interval represents the total amount of ions adsorbed by the resin per unit time.

[0123] The saturated adsorption capacity of the resin ( (This needs to be pre-calibrated experimentally.) The real-time adsorption rate is defined as:

[0124] ,

[0125] When the adsorption rate exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 80%), the regeneration process is triggered.

[0126] A time-series prediction model (such as Long Short-Term Memory network, LSTM) is introduced to predict future adsorption trends based on historical adsorption rate, flow rate, and concentration data. By adjusting parameters in advance, the decrease in treatment efficiency caused by adsorption saturation can be avoided.

[0127] The speed of peristaltic pump 9 is dynamically adjusted according to the adsorption rate to optimize the residence time of the resin in the "treatment-regeneration" cycle.

[0128] Specifically, a graded control strategy can be adopted: In the low load stage (adsorption rate <60%): maintain the basic flow rate (e.g., 20 mL / min) to reduce energy consumption; in the medium load stage (60% ≤ adsorption rate <80%): linearly increase the flow rate to 30 mL / min to delay saturation; in the high load stage (adsorption rate ≥ 80%): switch to regeneration mode and increase the flow rate to 40 mL / min to ensure rapid resin regeneration.

[0129] Regarding the adjustment of the regenerated liquid flow rate, the amount of regenerated liquid can be dynamically matched according to the adsorption capacity to balance regeneration efficiency and resource consumption.

[0130] To achieve dynamic matching, a regenerated liquid demand model can be established:

[0131] ,

[0132] in, The regenerated liquid demand factor (calibrated experimentally, e.g., 0.5 L / g) characterizes the volume of regenerated liquid required per unit adsorption amount.

[0133] Based on the adsorption rate error ( Adjusting the pump speed output enables rapid convergence.

[0134] To address nonlinear disturbances (such as sudden changes in water quality), the robustness of the system is enhanced by using a fuzzy rule base (e.g., "if the adsorption rate is high and the flow rate is low, then the circulation frequency is significantly increased").

[0135] A high-precision peristaltic pump 9 is used to control resin circulation. ) and regenerated liquid flow rate ( The system responds to control signals. It employs a solenoid valve assembly to switch between raw water and regenerated liquid paths, adapting to different operating modes. Solar panels paired with a lithium energy storage module ensure continuous operation of the controller, sensors, and actuators even on cloudy or rainy days, maintaining a stable voltage of 1.2V.

[0136] During the commissioning phase, system verification and parameter optimization can be performed. Specifically, in the calibration phase of experimental verification, batch adsorption experiments are used to determine... and In the dynamic testing phase, high / low concentration raw water shocks are simulated to verify the response speed of the control system (e.g., the regeneration mode starts within 5 minutes after the adsorption rate exceeds the threshold). In the parameter optimization phase, based on field operation data, genetic algorithms or Bayesian optimization are used to iteratively adjust the PID gain, fuzzy rule weights, and prediction model parameters to improve control accuracy.

[0137] By integrating sensor networks, dynamic adsorption models, intelligent control algorithms, and highly reliable hardware, real-time monitoring of resin adsorption capacity and dynamic optimization of system parameters can be achieved. This upgrades the fixed operation mode of traditional water treatment devices to an adaptive and intelligent system, significantly improving the efficiency and economy of simultaneously removing nitrates and hardness, and providing an innovative solution for safe water supply in remote areas. In the future, remote monitoring capabilities can be expanded through IoT technology, further promoting the digitalization and sustainable development of decentralized water treatment.

[0138] This device combines capacitive deionization (CDI) technology with ion exchange resin. Driven by an electric field and through resin recycling, it simultaneously removes nitrates (existing as nitrate ions) and hardness (calcium and magnesium ions) from groundwater. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0139] The anode section of the raw water treatment zone contains magnetic anion exchange resin (adsorbing nitrate ions), and an anion selective membrane 11 is installed on the outside. The cathode section contains magnetic cation exchange resin (adsorbing calcium and magnesium ions), and a cation selective membrane 10 is installed on the outside.

[0140] The anode and cathode are respectively connected to external solar panels to provide DC voltage (1.2V), forming an electric field to drive ion migration.

[0141] The regeneration area is divided into anion and cation regeneration zones, where the saturated resin is regenerated using sodium chloride solution (regeneration liquid). The regeneration liquid exchanges target ions with the resin, restoring the resin's adsorption capacity, and the waste liquid is discharged centrally.

[0142] The circulation drive unit controls the resin flow through the peristaltic pump 9, so that the resin circulates in the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone, realizing in-situ regeneration of magnetic resin and continuous operation of the device.

[0143] During the ion adsorption stage, raw water enters the raw water treatment zone and, under the influence of an electric field:

[0144] nitrate ions ( ) migrate towards the anode and are adsorbed by the magnetic anion exchange resin; calcium and magnesium ions ( , They move toward the cathode and are adsorbed by the magnetic cation exchange resin.

[0145] The target ions are fixed by the resin through an ion exchange reaction, and the purified water flows out from the outlet of the raw water circulation section 14.

[0146] During the resin regeneration stage, saturated resin is transported to the regeneration zone via peristaltic pump 9. Sodium ions in the sodium chloride solution ( ) and calcium and magnesium ions in magnetic anion exchange resin ( , ) exchange, releasing calcium and magnesium ions ( , ) to waste liquid. Chloride ions in sodium chloride solution ( ) exchanges with nitrate ions in the resin, releasing nitrate ions ( The regenerated resin is then returned to the raw water treatment area for recycling.

[0147] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0148] 1. The magnetic resin operates in a fluid state, avoiding the adsorption saturation problem of traditional fixed electrodes and improving processing efficiency.

[0149] 2. The regeneration area and the treatment area are directly connected, eliminating the need to disassemble or replace the resin, thus achieving unattended operation and low maintenance costs.

[0150] 3. Sodium chloride solution is used as a regeneration liquid (which can be recycled), avoiding the generation of chemically precipitated sludge, which is environmentally friendly.

[0151] 4. It uses solar power to meet the decentralized water supply needs in remote areas and reduce energy dependence.

[0152] This device achieves simultaneous and efficient removal of nitrate and hardness ions through electric field-driven ion migration, selective resin adsorption, and in-situ regeneration cycle. It is economical, environmentally friendly, and applicable, making it particularly suitable for decentralized water supply scenarios in rural areas and remote mountainous regions.

[0153] The device can be used in the following manner:

[0154] 1. Place the flow electrode made of magnetic cation exchange resin into the cathode flow electrode chamber and attach a corresponding cation exchange membrane 12 outside it. Place the flow electrode made of magnetic anion exchange resin into the anode flow electrode chamber and attach an anion exchange membrane 13 outside it.

[0155] 2. Turn on the peristaltic pump 9 at a rate of 20 ml / min to make the flow electrode circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone.

[0156] 3. Connect the cathode substrate 6 (platinum electrode) to the negative electrode of the solar panel, and connect the anode substrate 5 (graphite carbon electrode) to the positive electrode of the solar panel, and apply a constant voltage of 1.2V.

[0157] 4. The prepared 10% sodium chloride solution regeneration liquid is poured into the regeneration zone at a rate of 40 ml / min, and the waste liquid is collected at the bottom of the regeneration zone.

[0158] 5. The raw water flows into the lower part of the raw water treatment zone at a rate of 10 ml / min and is collected at the upper part of the raw water treatment zone.

[0159] To facilitate understanding of the use and effects of the device of this application, several embodiments are provided below.

[0160] Example 1

[0161] Groundwater from the southern mountainous area of ​​Jinan was used as the raw water for treatment. 20g each of anion exchange resin and cation exchange resin were added to 80ml of deionized water to prepare a flow electrode. The required flow electrode regeneration solution was prepared according to the implementation method, and the device was installed. The corresponding electrodes were connected, and the circulation system in the regeneration zone was started. The prepared 10% sodium chloride solution was passed through the flow electrode regeneration zone at a flow rate of 40 mL / min. Waste liquid was collected for centralized treatment.

[0162] Groundwater from the mountainous area is passed through the raw water treatment zone at a flow rate of 10 mL / min.

[0163] After initially filling the system, leave it for 5 minutes to ensure that ion exchange is fully carried out.

[0164] Subsequently, raw water was continuously introduced at a flow rate of 10 mL / min, and the treated purified water was collected. The water sample tested showed that the nitrate content in the mountainous groundwater was 56.4 mg / L, and the combined calcium and magnesium ion content was 102.1 mg / L. The treated purified water had a nitrate content of 10.4 mg / L and a combined calcium and magnesium ion content of 26.5 mg / L. This indicates that the nitrate ion removal rate reached 81.56%, the calcium and magnesium ion removal rate reached over 74.05%, and the pH of the water remained essentially unchanged.

[0165] Example 2

[0166] Surface water from the southern mountainous area of ​​Jinan was used as the raw water and treated using the method and apparatus of this invention. A flow electrode was prepared by taking 20g each of magnetic cation exchange resin and magnetic anion exchange resin and 80ml of deionized water. The required regeneration solution was prepared according to the implementation method, the apparatus was installed, an external solar panel was connected, and the apparatus was started.

[0167] The prepared 10% sodium chloride solution was circulated through the regeneration zone of the flow electrode at a rate of 40 ml / min.

[0168] Surface water from the mountainous area was passed through the raw water treatment zone at a flow rate of 10 ml / min. After the device was initially filled, it was allowed to remain for 5 minutes to ensure sufficient ion exchange reaction. The purified water was then collected at the outlet while maintaining the original flow rate. Water samples were tested and found to have the following concentrations: raw water nitrate concentration of 18.2 mg / L, calcium and magnesium ion concentration of 112.5 mg / L, and purified water nitrate concentration of 3.9 mg / L, calcium and magnesium ion concentration of 29.8 mg / L. This indicates that the nitrate removal rate reached 78.57%, and the calcium and magnesium ion removal rate reached 73.51%.

[0169] Implementation cases show that the nitrate removal rate in groundwater is ≥78%, and the calcium and magnesium ion removal rate is ≥73%. The nitrate and hardness of the treated water are significantly lower than those of the raw water, and the pH value is stable, meeting drinking water standards.

[0170] The foregoing description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the order of operation may vary. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included or substituted for parts and features of other embodiments. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-circulation type resin flow electrode deionization device for dispersion water quality purification, characterized by, include: The raw water treatment zone includes an anode section, a cathode section, an ion-selective membrane, and a raw water flow section. The anode section houses an anode flow electrode, the cathode section houses a cathode flow electrode, and the raw water flow section is located between the anode section and the cathode section. It is used to transport raw water and selectively replace the raw water with ions through the ion-selective membrane and the flow electrode. The regeneration zone is used for in-situ regeneration of the flow electrode that adsorbs target ions; A circulation drive unit, connecting the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone, is used to drive the anode flow electrode and the cathode flow electrode to circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone. A power supply unit, connected to the anode and cathode, is used to provide a driving electric field to drive the directional migration of ions; The anode flow electrode comprises a magnetic anion exchange resin slurry, and the cathode flow electrode comprises a magnetic cation exchange resin slurry. The regeneration zone includes a flowing anode regeneration section, a flowing cathode regeneration section, and a regeneration solution circulation section: The flowing anode regeneration section includes an anode substrate, a third electrode chamber, and an anion exchange membrane. The third electrode chamber houses the flowing anode electrode. The flowing anode regeneration section is used to desorb and regenerate the magnetic anion exchange resin slurry. The flowing cathode regeneration unit includes a cathode substrate, a fourth electrode chamber, and a cation exchange membrane. The fourth electrode chamber houses the cathode flowing electrode. The flowing cathode regeneration unit is used to desorb and regenerate the magnetic cation exchange resin slurry. The regenerated liquid flow section is located between the flowing anode regeneration section and the flowing cathode regeneration section, and is used to transport the regenerated liquid; The anode substrate and the cathode substrate are respectively connected to the power supply unit; The regeneration zone achieves in-situ regeneration of the flow electrode and directional separation of target ions through the synergistic effect of the ion exchange membrane and the regeneration solution. The circulation drive unit includes a circulation pipeline system, a pump body assembly, and a flow control module: The circulating pipeline system connects the raw water treatment area and the regeneration area, forming a closed flow path; The pump assembly is installed on the circulation pipeline system and is configured to drive the resin slurry to circulate between the raw water treatment zone and the regeneration zone. The flow control module is connected to the pump body assembly and is used to adjust the flow rate of the resin slurry. The circulation drive unit, through the coordinated action of the pump assembly and the circulation pipeline system, realizes the transfer of adsorbed saturated resin to the regeneration zone and the return of regenerated resin to the raw water treatment zone, ensuring continuous circulation treatment.

2. The self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode section includes an anode substrate, a first electrode chamber, and an anion-selective membrane. The first electrode chamber houses the anode flow electrode. The anode section is used to absorb nitrate ions from the raw water. The cathode portion includes a cathode substrate, a second electrode chamber, and a cation-selective membrane; the second electrode chamber houses a cathode flow electrode, and the cathode portion is used to absorb magnesium and calcium ions from the raw water.

3. The self-circulation type resin flow electrode deionization device according to claim 1, characterized by, The regenerated liquid circulation section is equipped with a regenerated liquid supply unit and a waste liquid collection port. The regenerated liquid supply unit provides a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 5% to 15% at a flow rate of 20 to 60 mL / min; The waste liquid collection port is used for centralized discharge of desorbed calcium ions, magnesium ions, and nitrate ions.

4. The self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow control module includes a flow sensor and a dynamic adjustment unit, which adjusts the flow rate in real time based on the resin adsorption capacity signal to match the regeneration efficiency and maintain the dynamic balance between adsorption and regeneration.

5. The self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circulation piping system includes: The anode pipeline connects the first electrode chamber in the raw water treatment zone to the third electrode chamber in the regeneration zone, and is used to transport magnetic anion exchange resin slurry. The cathode pipeline connects the second electrode chamber in the raw water treatment area to the fourth electrode chamber in the regeneration area, and is used to transport cation exchange resin slurry.

6. The self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The raw water circulation section includes a raw water supply inlet and a raw water outlet, wherein the raw water supply inlet is located at the lower part of the raw water treatment area, and the raw water outlet is located at the upper part of the raw water circulation section; and / or, The waste liquid collection port is located at the lower part of the regenerated liquid flow section.

7. The self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The power supply unit is powered by a solar panel. The negative electrode of the solar panel is connected to the cathode substrate, and the positive electrode of the solar panel is connected to the anode substrate, applying a constant voltage of 1.2V.

8. The self-circulating resin flow electrode deionization device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The anode flow electrode is composed of a magnetic anion exchange resin and deionized water in a 1:4 ratio, and the cathode flow electrode is composed of a magnetic cation exchange resin and deionized water in a 1:4 ratio.

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