Laser emission integrated device and tracking and pointing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser emission integrated device and a tracking and pointing method, and relates to the field of laser communication. The defects that in the laser communication field, in the prior art, the requirement for lens installation and adjustment precision is high, the process is complex, wavefront quality control is difficult, and occupied physical space is difficult to be extremely compressed are overcome. Target initial capturing and spatial positioning are achieved through the coarse tracking branch, and the fine tracking branch is combined with high-resolution imaging to execute feature locking; the electronic galvanometer dynamically adjusts the light path angle based on the feedback signal; the reflector unit adopts a three-point flexible support structure to avoid surface shape distortion; the laser integrated radiating fins and the flow guide air channel ensure stable temperature; a system shell is made of a titanium alloy material to achieve light weight and low thermal deformation, and environment interference is resisted in combination with an inner wall electromagnetic shielding coating and a full-sealing structure. The method is suitable for laser communication, long-distance precision tracking and high-energy laser application scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser communication technology, and in particular to a laser emission integrated device and a tracking and aiming method. Background Art

[0002] As modern laser communications and high-precision target recognition become increasingly long-range, miniaturized, and intelligent, precision optical systems integrating laser emission, optical tracking, and high-resolution imaging have become indispensable core equipment in fields such as space communications, remote sensing, and tactical guidance. The integrated laser emission device, a key technological node, effectively couples laser output, beam control, and target tracking capabilities through an integrated configuration, significantly improving the system's response speed and strike accuracy. It is a key advancement in the evolution of high-end optoelectronic equipment.

[0003] However, existing devices still face a series of technical bottlenecks that urgently need to be broken through in many aspects such as structural stability, thermal control efficiency and optical accuracy.

[0004] The Chinese patent with publication number CN116105543A discloses a 360° passive detection and co-aperture laser emitting device. The co-aperture off-axis three-mirror optical system unit is used to emit a light beam and at the same time receive the detection target light beam to achieve target tracking. The Chinese patent with publication number CN120044500A discloses a transceiver coaxial laser radar optical system, which relates to the field of laser radar technology; the optical system includes a transmitting component, a polarization beam splitter prism, a quarter-wave plate, a common beam expander lens group, a microlens array, a common lens, and a receiving component arranged in sequence; the transmitting component emits a laser beam into the polarization beam splitter prism, at which time the light beam is linearly polarized light, which can pass through the polarization beam splitter prism, and then pass through the quarter-wave plate to reach the common beam expander lens group for collimation and beam expansion, and finally pass through the microlens array and the common lens for illumination; the emitted laser beam hits the object and returns a light signal, which then returns along the original optical path to the polarization beam splitter prism and is reflected into the receiving component for processing. The design of existing common-aperture optical systems, while pursuing the integration of transmitting and receiving with the same aperture, inevitably brings about shortcomings such as high lens assembly and adjustment precision requirements, complex processes, difficulty in wavefront quality control, and difficulty in maximizing the physical space occupied. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies in the field of laser communications, such as high requirements for lens assembly precision, complex processes, difficulty in wavefront quality control, and difficulty in achieving extreme compression of physical space. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: Solution 1: The present invention proposes an integrated laser emission device, which includes a coarse tracking electronic module, a coarse tracking lens sleeve, a coarse tracking electronic module housing, a coarse tracking lens pressure ring, a camera connector, and a coarse tracking camera support; The coarse tracking electronic module is fixed to the inside of the coarse tracking electronic module housing by low-stress thermal conductive epoxy glue; the side wall of the coarse tracking electronic module housing is supported by copper columns for internal stability and fixed by locking nuts to ensure the stability of the electronic module under temperature cycling and assist in heat dissipation; the coarse tracking lens sleeve is connected to the front end of the coarse tracking electronic module housing by precision threads, and the coarse tracking lens group is installed inside; the coarse tracking lens group is axially positioned in the coarse tracking lens sleeve by a precisely machined step surface, and the end is screwed into the sleeve by a coarse tracking lens pressure ring with an internal thread, uniformly applying force to tighten the lens group and eliminate assembly stress; the coarse tracking electronic module housing is rigidly fixed to the camera connecting seat by screws; the coarse tracking lens sleeve is fixed to the coarse tracking camera support by screws; the camera connecting seat and the coarse tracking lens sleeve are installed together and fastened to the coarse tracking camera support.

[0006] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the device further comprises an electronic galvanometer, a galvanometer base, and a galvanometer unit gasket; the electronic galvanometer is fixed on the galvanometer base, and the galvanometer base is fixed to the galvanometer unit gasket.

[0007] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the device further comprises a spectroscope frame gasket, a spectroscope frame pressure ring, a spectroscope lens, and a spectroscope frame; The spectroscope lens is installed in the inner cavity of the spectroscope frame through a three-point flexible support structure; the spectroscope frame pressure ring is screwed into the frame through a thread, and evenly applies force to press the spectroscope lens to ensure uniform pressure transmission.

[0008] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the device further comprises a light inlet, a primary mirror frame, a primary mirror lens, a primary mirror frame pressure ring, an antenna housing, a focusing mirror frame pressure ring, a focusing mirror lens, a focusing mirror frame, a secondary mirror frame pressure ring, a secondary mirror lens, and a secondary mirror frame; A light inlet is provided at the lower front side of the antenna housing, and a primary mirror window is provided at the upper front side; the primary mirror frame is fixed in the primary mirror window of the antenna housing by screws, and a primary mirror lens made of microcrystalline glass is installed inside; the primary mirror lens is installed in the primary mirror frame through a three-point flexible support structure, and is screw-locked by a main mirror frame pressure ring; a secondary mirror window is provided at the lower rear side of the antenna housing, and a focusing mirror window is provided at the upper rear side; the secondary mirror frame is fixed to the secondary mirror window of the antenna housing, and a secondary mirror lens made of the same material as the primary mirror is installed inside; the secondary mirror lens is installed in the secondary mirror frame through three-point flexible support, and is pressed and fixed by a secondary mirror frame pressure ring; the focusing mirror frame is fixed to the focusing mirror window of the antenna housing, and an achromatic double-cemented lens focusing mirror lens is installed inside; the focusing mirror lens is positioned in the focusing mirror frame by a precision spacer, and is screw-locked and fixed by a focusing mirror frame pressure ring to ensure that the lens optical axis accurately coincides with the optical axis of the primary and secondary mirror system; the side support plate is rigidly connected to the side of the antenna housing by screws.

[0009] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the device also includes a laser housing, a cooling fan, and a fan housing. The laser is encapsulated in a laser housing with cooling fins, and a laser light outlet is precisely machined on the front side of the laser housing; two cooling fan mounting ports are provided on the side of the laser housing; the cooling fan is fixed to the cooling fan mounting ports by screws; and the fan housing is fixed to the outside of the cooling fan mounting ports by screws to form an air guide duct.

[0010] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the device also includes a coarse tracking glass window, a focusing mirror glass window, and a shell. The focusing mirror glass window and the coarse tracking glass window are provided on the front of the shell. Two fan reserved holes are provided on the side of the shell for installing a laser cooling fan. Two cable reserved holes are provided on the back of the shell. The cable reserved holes are used to power the coarse tracking camera, the fine tracking camera, and the laser.

[0011] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the housing is made of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy material, and its thermal expansion coefficient is , high specific strength reaches 260MPa·cm³ / g.

[0012] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the electronic galvanometer has an outer dimension of 129×129×156 mm and a total mass of no more than 5 kg; the galvanometer is made of quartz material, has a diameter of 105 mm and a thickness of 13 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein a laser emitting component is integrated in the integrated laser emitting device, and the laser emitting component is implemented by a Nd:YAG pulsed solid laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm.

[0014] Solution 2: A tracking and aiming method implemented by the integrated laser emission device according to any one of Solution 1, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Start the laser emission integrated device, and the controller completes the power-on self-test and function initialization of the core units of the laser, galvanometer, precision tracking lens, and feedback analysis module in sequence; Step 2: Search and identify the target in the observation area, extract the target feature outline, and achieve initial recognition and spatial positioning of the target; Step 3: Acquire a high-resolution target image. The image algorithm identifies edges and geometric features and feeds them back to the controller, which drives the galvanometer to fine-tune the optical axis and align it with the target center to ensure accurate laser alignment. Step 4: After the target is captured and the galvanometer angle is adjusted, the laser is started to output pulsed laser light. The 1064nm laser enters the optical path through a 0.5-0.7µm bandpass filter to avoid interference from ambient light. The path is precisely adjusted through the beam splitter system to enter the beam expansion and collimation module, forming a 22.5mm diameter parallel beam. The main laser is then reflected by the primary and secondary mirrors in sequence, and then precisely focused by the focusing lens group before being output. Step 5: The main optical system simultaneously opens the receiving channel, uses the primary mirror to reversely receive the reflected signal, and refocuses it to the fine tracking branch through the primary and secondary mirrors and the focusing group. The system receiving path simultaneously collects the target surface reflection characteristic image, light intensity change curve and hot spot morphology. The effect analysis module evaluates the laser action process to determine whether it has hit, whether the energy is sufficient, and whether the target status meets the combat conditions. Step 6: The controller adjusts the galvanometer angle based on the evaluation results and drives the precision tracking lens to reacquire the key features of the target to complete the closed-loop correction; the controller updates the galvanometer control parameters in real time, instructs the galvanometer to fine-tune its posture, and drives the precision tracking lens to reacquire the key feature points of the target to achieve closed-loop correction of the optical path.

[0015] The present invention is beneficial in that: The present invention combines a high-precision dual-axis electronic galvanometer with a Nd:YAG short-pulse laser to achieve high-quality laser beam emission with a pulse width of ≤10ns and an energy output of ≥100mJ. It also features an angular coverage range of ±3mrad and a resolution of ≤2μrad, meeting the requirements for high-precision, rapid scanning and small target locking. The present invention also integrates a multi-level electromagnetic shielding layer to significantly enhance the system's anti-interference capabilities in complex electromagnetic environments, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of control instructions and image return data. Through a compact optical path design and high-refractive-index microcrystalline glass materials, it optimizes beam transmission and energy focusing efficiency, effectively enhancing long-range laser action capabilities and reflected signal reception sensitivity.

[0016] The integrated laser emission device and tracking method described in the present invention realize the integrated packaging of laser emission, target tracking and optical detection through system-level integrated design and multi-dimensional performance optimization, effectively improving the stability, response speed and strike accuracy of the system, and realizing high-quality laser beam emission with a pulse width not exceeding 10ns and an energy output not less than 100mJ. It also has an angular coverage range of ±3mrad and a resolution capability of ≤2μrad, meeting the requirements of high-precision rapid scanning and small target locking, and greatly improving the system's anti-interference capability in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0017] The present invention uses a coarse tracking branch to achieve initial target capture and spatial positioning, and a fine tracking branch combined with high-resolution imaging to perform feature locking; the electronic galvanometer dynamically adjusts the optical path angle based on the feedback signal; the reflector unit adopts a three-point flexible support structure to avoid surface distortion; the laser integrates heat dissipation fins and air guide ducts to ensure temperature stability; the system housing is made of titanium alloy material to achieve lightweight and low thermal deformation, combined with the inner wall electromagnetic shielding coating and fully sealed structure to resist environmental interference. The system achieves high-precision target locking and laser strikes through coarse / fine tracking collaborative positioning, real-time closed-loop correction of the galvanometer, and feedback analysis of the laser effect. It has the advantages of wide temperature range stability, strong anti-interference and compact structure. The present invention is also applicable to the fields of laser communication, long-distance precision tracking and laser beam application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the coarse tracking system in the integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a side view of the laser in the integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side view of the precision tracking system in the integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a side view of a beam splitter in an integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a side view of the galvanometer in the integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a side view of the optical antenna in the integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8This is a side view of the optical antenna in the integrated laser emission device described in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a side view of a laser emission integrated device described in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a flow chart of the tracking and aiming method implemented based on the laser emission integrated device described in the present invention.

[0028] Among them, the coarse tracking electronic module 1, the laser 2, the fine tracking system 3, the first spectroscope 4, the second spectroscope 5, the base plate 6, the galvanometer 7, the optical antenna system 8, the coarse tracking camera support 101, the coarse tracking lens pressure ring 102, the coarse tracking lens sleeve 103, the coarse tracking electronic module housing 104, the camera connector 105, the laser light outlet 201, the laser housing 202, the cooling fan 203, the fan housing 204, the fine tracking lens pressure ring 301, the fine tracking lens group 302, the fine tracking lens sleeve 303, the fine tracking camera support 304, the fine tracking electronic module housing 305, Beam splitter frame gasket 401, beam splitter frame pressure ring 402, beam splitter lens 403, beam splitter frame 404, electronic galvanometer 701, galvanometer base 702, galvanometer unit gasket 703, side support plate 801, light inlet 802, primary mirror frame 803, primary mirror lens 804, primary mirror frame pressure ring 805, antenna housing 806, focusing mirror frame pressure ring 807, focusing mirror lens 808, focusing mirror frame 809, secondary mirror frame pressure ring 810, secondary mirror lens 811, secondary mirror frame 812, coarse tracking glass window 901, focusing mirror glass window 902, housing 903. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation methods of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the implementation methods of this application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the implementation methods of this application. Obviously, the described implementation methods are only part of the implementation methods of this application, not all of the implementation methods.

[0030] Implementation method 1, see Figure 1As shown, this embodiment proposes a laser emission integrated device, which specifically includes: a coarse tracking electronic module 1, a laser 2, a fine tracking system 3, a first spectroscope 4, a second spectroscope 5, a base plate 6, a galvanometer 7, an optical antenna system 8, a coarse tracking camera support 101, a coarse tracking lens pressure ring 102, a coarse tracking lens sleeve 103, a coarse tracking electronic module housing 104, a camera connector 105, a laser light outlet 201, a laser housing 202, a cooling fan 203, a fan housing 204, a fine tracking lens pressure ring 301, a fine tracking lens group 302, a fine tracking lens sleeve 303, and a fine tracking camera support 30 4. Fine tracking electronic module housing 305, spectrometer frame gasket 401, spectrometer frame pressure ring 402, spectrometer lens 403, spectrometer frame 404, electronic galvanometer 701, galvanometer base 702, galvanometer unit gasket 703, side support plate 801, light inlet 802, primary mirror frame 803, primary mirror lens 804, primary mirror frame pressure ring 805, antenna housing 806, focusing mirror frame pressure ring 807, focusing mirror lens 808, focusing mirror frame 809, secondary mirror frame pressure ring 810, secondary mirror lens 811, secondary mirror frame 812, coarse tracking glass window 901, focusing mirror glass window 902, housing 903.

[0031] The coarse tracking electronic module 1 is placed above the fine tracking system 3, the laser 2 is in close contact with the fine tracking system 3, the first beam splitter 4 is in front of the laser 2, the first beam splitter 4 is adjacent to the second beam splitter 5, and the galvanometer 7 is adjacent to the second beam splitter 5 in the same direction. The optical antenna system 8 is in close contact with the fine tracking system 3, in front of the galvanometer 7, and is placed on the base plate 6.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, a coarse tracking electronic module 1 in a laser emission integrated device includes: a coarse tracking lens sleeve 103, a coarse tracking electronic module housing 104, a coarse tracking lens pressure ring 102, a camera connection seat 105, and a coarse tracking camera support 101; the coarse tracking electronic module 1 is fixed to the inside of the coarse tracking electronic module housing 104 by low-stress thermal conductive epoxy glue; the side wall of the coarse tracking electronic module housing 104 is supported by a copper column for internal stability and is fixed by a locking nut to ensure the stability of the coarse tracking electronic module 1 under temperature cycling and assist in heat dissipation; the coarse tracking lens sleeve 103 is fixed to the inside of the coarse tracking electronic module housing 104 by a precision screw The groove is connected to the front end of the coarse tracking electronic module housing 104, and the coarse tracking lens group is installed inside; the coarse tracking lens group is axially positioned in the coarse tracking lens sleeve 103 through a precisely machined step surface, and the end is screwed into the coarse tracking lens sleeve 103 through a coarse tracking lens pressure ring 102 with an internal thread, applying uniform force to tighten the coarse tracking lens group and eliminate assembly stress; the coarse tracking electronic module housing 104 is rigidly fixed to the camera connecting seat 105 by screws; the camera connecting seat 105 is fixed to the coarse tracking camera support 101 by screws, and the coarse tracking camera support 101 is used to provide a stable installation reference.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, a fine tracking system 3 in a laser launch integrated device includes: a fine tracking lens sleeve 303, a fine tracking electronic module housing 305, a fine tracking lens pressure ring 301, and a fine tracking camera support 304; the fine tracking system 3 is fixed to the interior of the fine tracking electronic module housing 305 by low-stress thermally conductive epoxy glue; the side walls of the fine tracking electronic module housing 305 are supported by copper columns for internal stability and fixed by locking nuts to ensure the stability of the fine tracking electronic module under temperature cycling and assist in heat dissipation; the fine tracking lens sleeve 303 is connected to the front end of the fine tracking electronic module housing 305 by precision threads, and a fine tracking lens group 302 is installed inside; the fine tracking lens group 302 is axially positioned in the fine tracking lens sleeve 303 by a precisely machined step surface, and the end is screwed into the fine tracking lens sleeve 303 by a fine tracking lens pressure ring 301 with internal threads, which evenly compresses the fine tracking lens group 302 and eliminates assembly stress; the fine tracking lens sleeve 303 is fixed to the fine tracking camera support 304 by screws; In this embodiment, a laser emission integrated device includes a light inlet 802 provided at the lower front side of the antenna housing 806, and a primary mirror window provided at the upper front side; a primary mirror frame 803 is fixed to the primary mirror window of the antenna housing 806 by screws, and a primary mirror lens 804 made of microcrystalline glass is installed inside; the primary mirror lens 804 is installed in the primary mirror frame 803 through a three-point flexible support structure, and is screw-locked by a primary mirror frame pressure ring 805; a secondary mirror window is provided at the lower rear side of the antenna housing 806, and a focusing mirror glass window 902 is provided at the upper rear side; the secondary mirror frame 812 is fixed to the secondary mirror window of the antenna housing 806 by bolts, and a secondary mirror lens 811 is installed inside and The material is the same as the primary mirror; the secondary mirror lens 811 is installed in the secondary mirror frame 812 through three-point flexible support and is pressed and fixed by the secondary mirror frame pressure ring 810. This design facilitates precise angle and position adjustment of the secondary mirror during optical axis calibration; the focusing mirror frame 809 is fixed to the focusing mirror glass window 902 of the antenna housing 806, and an achromatic double-cemented lens focusing mirror lens 808 is installed inside; the focusing mirror lens 808 is positioned in the focusing mirror frame 809 and is fixed by the focusing mirror frame pressure ring 807 through threaded locking to ensure that the lens optical axis accurately coincides with the optical axis of the primary and secondary mirror system; the side support plate 801 is rigidly connected to the side of the antenna housing 806 by screws, providing rigidity and stability to the overall structure.

[0034] In this embodiment, a laser emission integrated device includes a laser 2 encapsulated in a laser housing 202 made of an aluminum alloy material with heat dissipation fins, and a laser light outlet 201 is precisely machined on the front side of the laser housing 202; two heat dissipation fan mounting ports are provided on the side of the laser housing 202; a heat dissipation fan 203 is fixed to the heat dissipation fan mounting ports by screws; a fan housing 204 is fixed to the outside of the heat dissipation fan mounting ports by screws to form an air guide duct, thereby ensuring that the core temperature of the laser 2 is stable within a safe operating range, thereby ensuring its output power stability and long-life operation.

[0035] In this embodiment, the spectrometer lens 403 is installed in the inner cavity of the spectrometer frame 404 through a three-point flexible support structure; the spectrometer frame pressure ring 402 is screwed into the spectrometer frame 404 through a thread, uniformly applying force to press the spectrometer lens 403, ensuring uniform pressure transmission and avoiding local stress concentration causing surface distortion; the electronic galvanometer 701 is fixed to the galvanometer base 702, and the galvanometer base is fixed to the galvanometer unit gasket 703.

[0036] In this example, a focusing mirror glass window 902 and a coarse tracking glass window 901 are provided on the front of the housing 903, two fan reserved holes are provided on the side of the housing 903 for installing the cooling fan 203 on the laser 2, and two cable reserved holes are provided on the back of the housing 903, and the cable reserved holes are used to power the coarse tracking camera, fine tracking camera and laser.

[0037] In this embodiment, it also includes a coarse tracking control module, a fine tracking control module, a power control module, a signal processing module, a target recognition algorithm and other circuit and software parts.

[0038] Implementation method 2: Figure 10 As shown, according to the tracking and aiming method implemented by the laser emission integrated device according to the first embodiment, the tracking and aiming method includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the optical antenna system. The controller sequentially completes power-on self-tests and functional initialization for core units, including Laser 2, galvanometer 7, precision tracking lens, and feedback analysis module. Laser 2 outputs pulsed laser light at a wavelength of 1064nm, as required by the system. It utilizes an Nd:YAG solid-state laser with a pulse width of ≤10ns, a repetition rate of ≥100Hz, and a single pulse energy of ≥100mJ. The system confirms that the two 24V fans in the laser cooling system are operating normally, with a wind speed of ≥2.5m / s. The air duct forms a closed-loop diversion system, and the laser housing temperature is stabilized at 25±1°C. The controller initializes the communication protocol, establishing a high-speed communication link with the RS422 galvanometer and GigEVision.

[0039] Step 2: The coarse tracking branch is activated, and the coarse tracking camera is set to 100fps, a resolution of 2048×2048, 6.5μm pixels, and a field of view of 7.62°. The target is placed approximately 8 meters away and imaged through the coarse tracking lens group, with a focal length of approximately 90mm and a relative aperture of F / 3.0. By searching and identifying targets in the observation area and extracting target feature contours, initial target identification and spatial positioning are achieved. The coarse tracking path recognition results are fed back to the controller in real time via a high-speed communication interface. The controller collects the image centroid, calculates the miss distance, and drives the galvanometer to achieve coarse adjustment within a range of ±3mrad, so that the laser emission path is roughly aligned with the target direction, ensuring that subsequent fine tracking has an initial positioning foundation.

[0040] Step 3: After the coarse tracking path is initially captured, the fine tracking branch is activated. The fine tracking camera operates under the same parameters, with a lens focal length of approximately 150mm and f / 2.8, to acquire a high-resolution target image. The image algorithm identifies edges and geometric features and provides feedback to the controller, which drives the galvanometer to fine-tune the optical axis, aligning it with the target center to ensure accurate laser alignment.

[0041] Step 4: After the target is captured and the galvanometer angle is adjusted, the laser is activated to output pulsed laser light. The 1064nm laser enters the optical path through a 0.5-0.7µm bandpass filter to prevent ambient light interference. The beam splitter system precisely adjusts the path to the beam expansion and collimation module, forming a 22.5mm diameter parallel beam. The main laser is then reflected by the primary and secondary mirrors, and then precisely focused by the focusing lens assembly before output, achieving high-energy, highly collimated long-distance transmission capabilities.

[0042] Step 5: After beam expansion and focusing, the primary laser impacts the pre-set target area. The laser generates thermal effects, breakdown, or ablation on the target surface, generating a specific reflection signal. The primary optical system simultaneously activates a receiving channel, using the primary mirror to reversely receive the reflected signal. This signal is then refocused onto the fine tracking branch via the primary mirror, secondary mirror, and focusing assembly. A filter suppresses stray light between 0.8 and 1.2 µm. The system's receiving path simultaneously captures the target surface's reflection characteristic image, light intensity curve, and hot spot topography. The effect analysis module evaluates the laser's action to determine whether the target has been impacted, whether the energy is sufficient, and whether the target's condition meets operational requirements.

[0043] Step 6: The controller adjusts the galvanometer angle based on the evaluation results , and drives the precision tracking lens to reacquire the target's key features, completing closed-loop correction. This enables high-frequency, high-precision continuous laser tracking and striking. The controller updates the galvanometer control parameters in real time, instructing the galvanometer to perform fine-tuning of its posture and driving the precision tracking lens to reacquire the target's key features, completing closed-loop correction of the optical path and ensuring continuous and precise laser action.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present disclosure may be combined or coupled in various ways, even if such a combination or coupling is not explicitly described in the present disclosure. It is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser emission integrated device, characterized in that: The device comprises a coarse tracking electronic module (1), a coarse tracking camera support (101), a coarse tracking lens pressure ring (102), a coarse tracking lens sleeve (103), a coarse tracking electronic module housing (104), and a camera connecting seat (105); The coarse tracking electronic module (1) is fixed inside the coarse tracking electronic module housing (104) by low stress heat conductive epoxy glue; the side wall of the coarse tracking electronic module housing (104) is supported by a copper column to stabilize the inside and is fixed by a locking nut to ensure the stability of the coarse tracking electronic module (1) under temperature cycling and assist in heat dissipation; the coarse tracking lens sleeve (103) is connected to the front end of the coarse tracking electronic module housing (104) by a precision thread, and a coarse tracking lens group is installed inside; the coarse tracking lens group is fixed on the coarse tracking electronic module housing (104) by a precision machined step surface. The tracking lens sleeve (103) is axially positioned, and the end is screwed into the sleeve through a coarse tracking lens pressing ring (102) with an internal thread, uniformly applying force to press the lens group and eliminating assembly stress; the coarse tracking electronic module housing (104) is rigidly fixed to the camera connecting seat (105) by screws; the coarse tracking lens sleeve (103) is fixed to the coarse tracking camera support (101) by screws; the camera connecting seat (105) and the coarse tracking lens sleeve (103) are installed together and fastened to the coarse tracking camera support (101).

2. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises an electronic galvanometer (701), a galvanometer base (702), and a galvanometer unit gasket (703); the electronic galvanometer (701) is fixed on the galvanometer base (702), and the galvanometer base (702) is fixed on the galvanometer unit gasket (703).

3. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a spectroscope frame gasket (401), a spectroscope frame pressing ring (402), a spectroscope lens (403), and a spectroscope frame (404); The spectroscope lens (403) is mounted in the inner cavity of the spectroscope frame (404) via a three-point flexible support structure; the spectroscope frame pressing ring (402) is screwed into the frame via a thread, and uniformly applies force to press the spectroscope lens (403), ensuring uniform pressure transmission.

4. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a light inlet (802), a primary mirror frame (803), a primary mirror lens (804), a primary mirror frame pressing ring (805), an antenna housing (806), a focusing mirror frame pressing ring (807), a focusing mirror lens (808), a focusing mirror frame (809), a secondary mirror frame pressing ring (810), a secondary mirror lens (811), and a secondary mirror frame (812); The antenna housing (806) is provided with a light inlet (802) at the lower front side, and a primary mirror window is provided at the upper front side; the primary mirror frame (803) is fixed to the primary mirror window of the antenna housing (806) by screws, and a primary mirror lens (804) made of microcrystalline glass is installed inside; the primary mirror lens (804) is installed in the primary mirror frame (803) by a three-point flexible support structure, and is screw-locked by a pressure ring of the primary mirror frame (803); a secondary mirror window is provided at the lower rear side of the antenna housing (806), and a focusing mirror window is provided at the upper rear side; the secondary mirror frame is fixed to the secondary mirror window of the antenna housing (806), and a secondary mirror lens ( 811) and the material is the same as that of the primary mirror; the secondary mirror lens (811) is installed in the secondary mirror frame (812) through three-point flexible support and is pressed and fixed by the secondary mirror frame pressure ring (810); the focusing mirror frame (809) is fixed to the focusing mirror window of the antenna housing (806), and a focusing mirror lens (808) of an achromatic doublet lens is installed inside; the focusing mirror lens (808) is positioned in the focusing mirror frame (809) through a precision spacer and is fixed by the focusing mirror frame pressure ring (807) through thread locking to ensure that the lens optical axis and the optical axis of the primary and secondary mirror system are accurately coincident; the side support plate is rigidly connected to the side of the antenna housing (806) by screws.

5. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a laser (2), a laser housing (202), a cooling fan (203), and a fan housing (204); the laser (2) is encapsulated in the laser housing (202) with cooling fins, and a laser light outlet is precisely machined on the front side of the laser housing (202); two cooling fan (203) mounting openings are provided on the side of the laser housing (202); the cooling fan (203) is fixed to the cooling fan mounting openings by screws; and the fan housing (204) is fixed to the outside of the cooling fan mounting openings by screws to form an air guide duct.

6. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device further comprises a coarse tracking glass window (901), a focusing mirror glass window (902), and a housing (903); the focusing mirror glass window (902) and the coarse tracking glass window (901) are provided on the front of the housing (903); two fan reserved holes are provided on the side of the housing (903) for installing a laser cooling fan (203); and two cable reserved holes are provided on the back of the housing (903); the cable reserved holes are used for powering a coarse tracking camera, a fine tracking camera, and a laser.

7. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shell (903) is made of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, and its thermal expansion coefficient is , high specific strength reaches 260MPa·cm³ / g.

8. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electronic galvanometer (701) has an overall dimension of 129×129×156 mm and a total mass of no more than 5 kg; the galvanometer is made of quartz material, has a diameter of 105 mm and a thickness of 13 mm.

9. The laser emission integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser emission integrated device also integrates a laser emission component, and the laser emission component is implemented by a Nd:YAG pulse solid laser with a wavelength of 1064nm.

10. The tracking and aiming method implemented by the laser emission integrated device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The tracking and aiming method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Start the laser emission integrated device, and the controller sequentially completes the power-on self-test and function initialization of the laser (2), the electronic galvanometer (701), the precision tracking lens, and the core unit of the feedback analysis module; Step 2: Search and identify the target in the observation area, extract the target feature outline, and achieve initial recognition and spatial positioning of the target; Step 3: Acquire a high-resolution target image. The image algorithm identifies edges and geometric features and feeds them back to the controller. The controller drives the galvanometer to fine-tune the optical axis and align it with the target center to ensure accurate laser alignment. Step 4: After the target is captured and the angle of the electronic galvanometer (701) is adjusted, the laser (2) is started to output pulsed laser light. The 1064nm laser passes through a 0.5-0.7µm bandpass filter and enters the optical path, forming a parallel light with a diameter of 22.5mm. The main laser is then reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror in sequence, and then precisely focused by the focusing lens group and output. Step 5: The main optical system simultaneously opens the receiving channel, uses the primary mirror to reversely receive the reflected signal, and refocuses it to the fine tracking branch through the primary mirror, secondary mirror, and focusing group. The main optical system receiving path simultaneously collects the target surface reflection characteristic image, light intensity change curve, and hot spot morphology. The effect analysis module evaluates the laser action process to determine whether it has hit, whether the energy is sufficient, and whether the target status meets the combat conditions. Step 6: The controller adjusts the angle of the electronic galvanometer (701) according to the evaluation result, and drives the fine tracking lens to reacquire the key features of the target to complete the closed-loop correction; the controller updates the control parameters of the electronic galvanometer (701) in real time, instructs the electronic galvanometer (701) to perform posture fine-tuning, and drives the fine tracking lens to reacquire the key feature points of the target to achieve closed-loop correction of the optical path.

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