Functional fabric capable of directionally absorbing sweat and removing moisture and preparation method of functional fabric

Abstract

The invention provides a directional moisture absorption and sweat releasing functional fabric and a preparation method thereof.The fabric comprises a sweat releasing and drying layer, a capillary moisture guiding layer and a hydrophilic moisture absorption layer from outside to inside, the hydrophilic moisture absorption layer is a cellulose acetate electrostatic spinning super-hydrophilic modified layer, the capillary moisture guiding layer is formed by weaving porous polyester yarn, and the hydrophilic moisture absorption layer is a super-hydrophilic modified cellulose acetate electrostatic spinning super-hydrophilic modified cellulose acetate electrostatic spinning super-hydrophilic modified cellulose acetate electrostatic spinning super-hydrophilic modified cellulose acetate electrostatic spinning super-hydrophilic modified fiber. The perspiration drying layer is a silane super-hydrophobic modified layer. Porous cross-section polyester fibers are prepared by adopting a washable template method, the moisture conductivity is improved, an electrostatic spinning cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane is subjected to super-hydrophilic modification, the sweat absorption rate is increased, the skin-friendly performance is improved, a sweat-releasing and drying layer is subjected to silane hydrolysis spraying and then heat treatment to form a super-hydrophobic siloxane coating, the surface dryness is enhanced, and the moisture absorption rate is increased. Unidirectional migration and rapid evaporation of sweat from inside to outside are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of functional fabrics, in particular to a functional fabric for directional sweat absorption and moisture removal and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sweat evaporation is an important way for the human body to regulate body temperature through the skin. During exercise, the human body dissipates heat through sweat evaporation, but after exercise, if the fabric cannot quickly remove the sweat, the heat conductivity of sweat in a low-temperature environment will cause cold stress, making people feel cold. In the low-temperature conditions of rain and wind, sweat evaporation not only affects the exercise ability, but also may cause hypothermia and frostbite, etc. Therefore, moisture absorption and sweat removal fabric has become a research hotspot in the textile field. The main function of moisture absorption and sweat removal fabric is to quickly absorb sweat and guide water evaporation, thereby keeping the skin dry and comfortable.

[0003] Polyester is one of the most commonly used synthetic fibers, but its moisture absorption is poor, usually only 0.4%~0.5% moisture absorption capacity, which makes people wearing polyester fabric unable to effectively absorb and remove sweat on the skin during exercise, causing discomfort, especially in high-intensity exercise or humid environment, often feel that the fabric is close to the skin, lack of breathability and dryness, the skin-friendliness of polyester is poor, the hardness and smoothness are high, which may cause skin friction discomfort and reduce the wearing experience. Designing polyester fabric into a porous structure can increase the number of internal pores and specific surface area, significantly improve the capillary moisture absorption, and through the design of the composite structure of the fabric, the functions of moisture absorption, moisture conduction and sweat removal can be effectively combined to quickly conduct sweat from the skin surface to the outer layer. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved is to provide a functional fabric for directional sweat absorption and moisture removal and a preparation method thereof. The electrospun membrane is super-hydrophilic modified, the porous cross-section polyester fiber is prepared by a water-washable template method, and the hydrophobicity of the outer side of the fabric is improved, so as to realize the one-way migration and rapid evaporation of sweat from the inside to the outside.

[0005] Technical scheme: A functional fabric for directional sweat absorption and moisture removal and a preparation method thereof, the fabric comprises, from the outside to the inside, a sweat removal and drying layer, a capillary moisture conduction layer and a hydrophilic moisture absorption layer, the hydrophilic moisture absorption layer is a super-hydrophilic modified layer of cellulose acetate electrospun, the capillary moisture conduction layer is woven by a porous polyester yarn, and the sweat removal and drying layer is a super-hydrophobic modified layer of silane.

[0006] The preparation method of the capillary moisture conduction layer, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S11. Mix water-washable template particles and virgin PET particles, melt blend through a double-screw extruder, extrude and cool, and granulate into a functional master batch; S12. The functional master batch is melt-spun using a cross-shaped spinneret, air-cooled, drawn and collected to obtain PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section; S13. The collected PET fibers are soaked and washed in hot water to sufficiently remove the water-washable template particles, and then dried to obtain porous PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section; S14. The obtained porous PET fibers are carded and twisted to prepare porous PET yarns with good spinnability; S15. The twisted porous PET yarns are woven into a fabric, and the fabric has a pearl net structure, thereby obtaining a capillary wetting layer.

[0007] The above-mentioned method for preparing the functional fabric comprises the following steps: S1. Cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide at a volume ratio of 1-2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of cellulose acetate is 16-22 wt%; S2. The spinning solution is electrospun, and the spun nanofibers are collected on the surface of the capillary wetting layer and dried in an oven at 50-60°C to remove excess solvent; S3. A uniform PVA solution is prepared at 80-90°C, cooled to room temperature, and then citric acid is added and stirred uniformly, and then sprayed on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and then placed in an oven at 120-150°C for heat treatment for 30-60 min; S4. In an acidic or neutral condition, silane is hydrolyzed, and the concentration of silane is 1-5 wt%; S5. The silane hydrolysis solution is sprayed on one side of the capillary wetting layer which does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. The polyester fabric is heat-treated in an oven at 120-150°C for 1-2 h to promote the formation of a network of siloxane film from the silane, thereby forming a stable hydrophobic layer, and obtaining a functional fabric with directional moisture absorption and perspiration.

[0008] Preferably, the water-washable template particles in step S11 are one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium carbonate, and the mass ratio of the water-washable template particles to the virgin PET particles is 1:10-20.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature for melt spinning in step S12 is 240-250°C for the feeding section, 255-265°C for the compression section, and 270-280°C for the spinneret, and the total draw ratio is 3-5 times, and the collection winding speed is 800-1200 m / min.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature of the hot water in step S13 is 60-70°C.

[0011] Preferably, the porous polyester yarn in step S14 is twisted to a twist degree of 300-500 twists / m, the linear density of the porous polyester yarn is 70-100D, and the number of fiber filaments is 30-48f.

[0012] Preferably, the spinning voltage in the electrospinning in step S2 is 15-20kV, the advancing speed is 0.8-1.0mL / h, the collection distance is 15-20cm, the collection speed is 100-200rpm, the temperature is 22-25℃, and the relative humidity is 70-80%.

[0013] Preferably, the concentration of the PVA solution in step S3 is 5-10wt%, and the mass ratio of citric acid to PVA is 1:10-20.

[0014] Preferably, the silane in step S4 includes one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, octyl triethoxysilane, and trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane.

[0015] Beneficial effects: the functional fabric for targeted moisture absorption and sweat release has the following advantages: The fabric from inside to surface includes a hydrophilic moisture absorption layer, a capillary moisture transfer layer, and a hydrophobic dry layer, realizes a one-way moisture transfer process of "fast absorption-effective transfer-surface drying", effectively avoids reverse osmosis and close-to-body wet feeling, and significantly improves wearing comfort.

[0016] The capillary moisture transfer layer of the fabric is prepared by a washable template method and a cross-shaped spinneret plate to prepare porous cross-section polyester fibers, soluble inorganic salt particles are introduced into the fibers as sacrificial template particles, removed in the subsequent washing process, a uniformly distributed interconnected pore structure is formed, the capillary action between the yarns and in the fibers is significantly enhanced by the cross-section design, the rapid conduction and diffusion capacity of liquid moisture is improved, and a fast moisture transfer intermediate layer is effectively built inside the fabric. The washable template method avoids the traditional hard template method which relies on strong acid etching or organic solvent to dissolve the template, and is environmentally friendly.

[0017] The hydrophilic moisture absorption layer of the fabric is constructed by an electrospinning process to form an ultra-hydrophilic modified cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane, which has excellent initial moisture absorption performance and excellent skin-friendly touch. By introducing a green cross-linking modification system of PVA and citric acid, a cross-linked network structure rich in hydroxyl and carboxyl groups is formed on the surface of the spinning membrane, thereby significantly improving the hydrophilicity of the fiber surface, realizing ultra-hydrophilic performance, promoting the rapid absorption and diffusion of sweat at the contact interface between the spinning membrane and the skin, the large specific surface area of the nanofiber membrane is beneficial to the efficient diffusion and evaporation of water vapor, improves the overall moisture absorption and sweat release efficiency, and citric acid as a green cross-linking agent has the advantages of low toxicity, biodegradability and environmental friendliness, and good biocompatibility of the fabric.

[0018] The outer layer of the fabric described in the application is endowed with excellent hydrophobic properties by constructing a stable silane-based low surface energy coating, which shows high water contact angle and low water droplet adhesion, so as to realize rapid migration and evaporation of water, significantly improve the drying efficiency of the surface layer of the fabric, and the silane-based finishing agent used does not contain perfluorinated compounds, is environmentally friendly, low-toxic and safe, and meets the sustainable development demand of green textiles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The application will be further described below in combination with examples, and the following examples are an explanation of the application, but the application is not limited to the following examples: Example 1

[0020] A preparation method of a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and sweat release, comprising the following steps: S1. Dissolve cellulose acetate in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide with a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of cellulose acetate is 22wt%; S2. Electrospinning the spinning solution, the spinning voltage is 15kV, the pushing speed is 0.8mL / h, the collection distance is 15cm, the collection speed is 100rpm, the temperature is 25℃, and the relative humidity is 70%, the spun nanofiber is collected on the surface of the capillary moisture layer, and is placed in a 50℃ oven for drying to remove excess solvent; S3. Prepare a uniform 5wt% PVA solution at 80℃, cool to room temperature, add citric acid, the mass ratio of citric acid to PVA is 1:10, stir uniformly, spray on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and put into a 120℃ oven for heat treatment for 60min; S4. Hydrolyze octyltriethoxysilane under weakly acidic conditions, and the concentration of octyltriethoxysilane is 1wt%; S5. Spray the silane hydrolysis solution on one side of the capillary moisture layer which does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. Heat treat the polyester fabric in a 120℃ oven for 2h to promote the silane to form a network siloxane film, form a stable hydrophobic layer, and obtain a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and sweat release.

[0021] The preparation method of the capillary moisture layer comprises the following steps: S11. Mix potassium chloride particles and virgin PET particles, the mass ratio of potassium chloride particles to virgin PET particles is 1:20, melt blend through a double screw extruder, extrude and cool, and granulate into a functional masterbatch; S12. The functional masterbatch is melt-spun using a cross-shaped spinneret, air-cooled, drawn and collected to obtain PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section. The melt-spinning temperature is 240℃ for the feeding section, 255℃ for the compression section, and 270℃ for the spinneret. The total draw ratio is 3 times, and the collection winding speed is 800 m / min; S13. The collected PET fibers are soaked in 70℃ water for washing, and after the water-washable template particles are completely removed, the fibers are dried to obtain porous PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section; S14. The obtained porous PET fibers are carded and twisted to prepare spinnable porous PET yarns with a twist of 300 twists / m and a yarn size of 70D / 36f; S15. The twisted porous PET yarns are woven into a fabric to obtain a capillary moisture transport layer, and the fabric has a pearl net structure.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] A method for preparing a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration, comprising the following steps: S1. Cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide at a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution. The concentration of cellulose acetate is 20wt%; S2. The spinning solution is electrospun at a voltage of 18kV, a pushing speed of 0.8mL / h, a collection distance of 20cm, a collection speed of 100rpm, and a temperature of 22℃ and a relative humidity of 80%. The spun nanofibers are collected on the surface of the capillary moisture transport layer and dried in a 60℃ oven to remove excess solvent; S3. A uniform 10wt% PVA solution is prepared at 90℃, cooled to room temperature, and then citric acid is added at a mass ratio of 1:10. The mixture is stirred uniformly and sprayed on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2. The film is then placed in a 150℃ oven for heat treatment for 60min; S4. In weakly acidic conditions, octyltriethoxysilane is hydrolyzed at a concentration of 5wt%; S5. The silane hydrolysis solution is sprayed on one side of the capillary moisture transport layer that does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. The PET fabric is heat-treated in a 150℃ oven for 1h to promote the formation of a network of siloxane film from the silane, forming a stable hydrophobic layer, and obtaining a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration.

[0024] The method for preparing the capillary moisture transport layer comprises the following steps: S11. Sodium chloride particles and virgin PET particles are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10, and then melt-blended by a twin-screw extruder, extruded and cooled, and granulated into a functional masterbatch; S12. The functional masterbatch is melt-spun using a cross-shaped spinneret, air-cooled, drawn and collected to obtain PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section. The melt-spinning temperature is 250℃ for the feeding section, 265℃ for the compression section, 280℃ for the spinneret, and the total draw ratio is 5 times. The collection and winding speed is 1200 m / min; S13. The collected PET fibers are soaked and washed in 60℃ water to remove the water-washable template particles, and then dried to obtain porous PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section; S14. The obtained porous PET fibers are carded and twisted to prepare spinnable porous PET yarns with a twist of 500 twists / m and a yarn size of 100D / 48f; S15. The twisted porous PET yarns are woven into a fabric to obtain a capillary moisture transport layer, and the fabric structure of the fabric is a pearl net structure.

[0025] Example 3

[0026] A method for preparing a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration, comprising the following steps: S1. Dissolve cellulose acetate in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide at a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution. The concentration of cellulose acetate is 16wt%; S2. Electrospinning the spinning solution, the spinning voltage is 15kV, the pushing speed is 1mL / h, the collection distance is 20cm, the collection speed is 200rpm, the temperature is 25℃, and the relative humidity is 70%. The spun nanofibers are collected on the surface of the capillary moisture transport layer and dried in a 60℃ oven to remove excess solvent; S3. Prepare a uniform 5wt% PVA solution at 80℃, cool to room temperature, add citric acid, the mass ratio of citric acid to PVA is 1:20, stir uniformly, spray on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and put into a 150℃ oven for heat treatment for 30min; S4. Hydrolyze methyltriethoxysilane under weakly acidic conditions, the concentration of methyltriethoxysilane is 2wt%; S5. Spray the silane hydrolysis solution on one side of the capillary moisture transport layer which does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. Heat treat the polyester fabric in a 120℃ oven for 1h to promote the silane to form a network of siloxane film, forming a stable hydrophobic layer, obtaining a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration.

[0027] The method for preparing the capillary moisture transport layer comprises the following steps: S11. Mix sodium carbonate particles and virgin PET particles, the mass ratio of sodium carbonate particles to virgin PET particles is 1:20, melt blend through a twin-screw extruder, extrude and cool, and granulate into a functional masterbatch; S12. The functional masterbatch is melt-spun using a cross-shaped spinneret, air-cooled, drawn and collected to obtain PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section. The melt-spinning temperature is 250°C for the feeding section, 265°C for the compression section, and 280°C for the spinneret. The total draw ratio is 5 times, and the collection winding speed is 1200 m / min; S13. The collected PET fibers are soaked in 70°C water for washing, and after the water-washable template particles are completely removed, the fibers are dried to obtain porous PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section; S14. The obtained porous PET fibers are carded and twisted to prepare spinnable porous PET yarns with a twist of 500 twists / m and a yarn size of 90D / 42f; S15. The twisted porous PET yarns are woven into a fabric to obtain a capillary moisture transport layer, and the fabric has a pearl net structure.

[0028] Example 4

[0029] A method for preparing a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration, comprising the following steps: S1. Cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide at a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of cellulose acetate is 20wt%; S2. The spinning solution is electrospun at a voltage of 18kV, a pushing speed of 1mL / h, a collection distance of 15cm, a collection speed of 150rpm, and a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 75%, and the spun nanofibers are collected on the surface of the capillary moisture transport layer and dried in a 60°C oven to remove excess solvent; S3. A uniform 10wt% PVA solution is prepared at 80°C, cooled to room temperature, and citric acid is added at a mass ratio of 1:18, stirred uniformly, sprayed on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and placed in a 150°C oven for heat treatment for 60min; S4. Under weak acidic conditions, trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane is hydrolyzed, and the concentration of trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane is 5wt%; S5. The silane hydrolysis solution is sprayed on one side of the capillary moisture transport layer that does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. The polyester fabric is heat treated in a 150°C oven for 1h to promote the formation of a network of siloxane film from the silane, forming a stable hydrophobic layer, and obtaining a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration.

[0030] The method for preparing the capillary moisture transport layer comprises the following steps: S11. Sodium chloride particles and virgin PET particles are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10, melt-blended by a twin-screw extruder, extruded and cooled, and granulated into a functional masterbatch; S12. The functional masterbatch is melt-spun using a cross-shaped spinneret plate, air-cooled, drawn and collected to obtain PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section. The melt-spinning temperature is 250°C for the feeding section, 265°C for the compression section, 280°C for the spinneret, and the total draw ratio is 4 times. The collection winding speed is 1000 m / min; S13. The collected PET fibers are soaked and washed in 70°C water to remove the water-washable template particles, and then dried to obtain porous PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section; S14. The obtained porous PET fibers are carded and twisted to prepare spinnable porous PET yarns with a twist of 400 twists / m and a yarn size of 75D / 36f; S15. The twisted porous PET yarns are woven into a fabric to obtain a capillary moisture transport layer, and the fabric structure of the fabric is a pearl net structure.

[0031] Example 5

[0032] A method for preparing a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration, comprising the following steps: S1. Dissolve cellulose acetate in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide at a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution. The concentration of cellulose acetate is 20wt%; S2. Electrospinning the spinning solution, the spinning voltage is 18kV, the pushing speed is 1mL / h, the collection distance is 15cm, the collection speed is 150rpm, the temperature is 25°C, and the relative humidity is 80%. The spun nanofibers are collected on the surface of the capillary moisture transport layer and dried in a 50°C oven to remove excess solvent; S3. Prepare a uniform 10wt% PVA solution at 80°C, cool to room temperature, add citric acid, the mass ratio of citric acid to PVA is 1:20, stir uniformly, spray on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and put into a 150°C oven for heat treatment for 30min; S4. Hydrolyze octyltriethoxysilane under weakly acidic conditions, the concentration of octyltriethoxysilane is 5wt%; S5. Spray the silane hydrolysis solution on one side of the capillary moisture transport layer which does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. Heat treat the polyester fabric in a 120°C oven for 2h to promote the silane to form a network of siloxane film, forming a stable hydrophobic layer, obtaining a functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration.

[0033] The method for preparing the capillary moisture transport layer comprises the following steps: S11. Mix sodium chloride particles and virgin PET particles, the mass ratio of sodium chloride particles to virgin PET particles is 1:20, melt blend through a twin-screw extruder, extrude and cool, and granulate into a functional masterbatch; S12. The functional master batch is melt-spun using a cross-shaped spinneret, air-cooled, drawn and collected to obtain PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section. The melt-spinning temperature is 240℃ for the feeding section, 265℃ for the compression section, and 280℃ for the spinneret. The total draw ratio is 3.5 times, and the collection winding speed is 900 m / min; S13. The collected PET fibers are soaked in 70℃ water for washing, and after the water-washable template particles are completely removed, the fibers are dried to obtain porous PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross-section; S14. The obtained porous PET fibers are carded and twisted to prepare spinnable porous PET yarns with a twist of 400 twists / m and a yarn size of 75D / 36f; S15. The twisted porous PET yarns are woven into a fabric to obtain a capillary moisture transport layer, and the fabric has a pearl net structure.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 is that the capillary moisture transport layer is a non-porous cross-shaped PET fabric. A method for preparing a directional moisture-wicking and sweat-repelling functional fabric, comprising the following steps: S1. Dissolve cellulose acetate in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide at a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of cellulose acetate is 20wt%; S2. Electrospin the spinning solution, the spinning voltage is 18kV, the pushing speed is 1mL / h, the collection distance is 15cm, the collection speed is 150rpm, the temperature is 25℃, and the relative humidity is 75%, the spun nanofibers are collected on the surface of the capillary moisture transport layer, and the excess solvent is removed by drying in a 60℃ oven; S3. Prepare a uniform 10wt% PVA solution at 80℃, cool to room temperature, add citric acid, the mass ratio of citric acid to PVA is 1:18, stir uniformly, spray on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and put into a 150℃ oven for heat treatment for 60min; S4. Hydrolyze trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane under weakly acidic conditions, and the concentration of trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane is 5wt%; S5. Spray the silane hydrolysis solution on one side of the capillary moisture transport layer which does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. Heat treat the PET fabric in a 150℃ oven for 1h to promote the silane to form a network of siloxane film, form a stable hydrophobic layer, and obtain a directional moisture-wicking and sweat-repelling functional fabric.

[0035] The method for preparing the capillary moisture transport layer comprises the following steps: S11. Cross-shaped PET fibers were obtained by melt spinning, air cooling and drawing collection of virgin PET particles using a cross-shaped spinneret, the temperature for melt spinning was 250℃ for the feeding section, 265℃ for the compression section and 280℃ for the spinneret, the total draw ratio was 4 times, and the collection winding speed was 1000 m / min; S12. Spinnable porous polyester yarns with a twist of 400 twists / m and a yarn size of 75D / 36f were prepared by carding and twisting the obtained polyester fibers; S13. The twisted porous polyester yarns were woven into a fabric, and the fabric structure was pearl net structure, to obtain a capillary moisture layer.

[0036] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 4 is that the functional fabric surface layer is not subjected to hydrophobic finishing. A preparation method of a directional moisture absorption and sweat-wicking functional fabric, comprising the following steps: S1. Cellulose acetate was dissolved in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide with a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of cellulose acetate was 20wt%; S2. The spinning solution was electrospun, the spinning voltage was 18kV, the pushing speed was 1mL / h, the collection distance was 15cm, the collection speed was 150rpm, the temperature was 25℃, and the relative humidity was 75%, the spun nanofibers were collected on the surface of the capillary moisture layer, and the capillary moisture layer was placed in a 60℃ oven to dry and remove excess solvent; S3. A uniform 10wt% PVA solution was prepared at 80℃, cooled to room temperature, and then citric acid was added, the mass ratio of citric acid to PVA was 1:18, stirred uniformly, sprayed on the surface of the electrospun film in step S2, and placed in a 150℃ oven for heat treatment for 60min to obtain a functional fabric.

[0037] The preparation method of the capillary moisture layer comprises the following steps: S11. Sodium chloride particles and virgin PET particles were mixed, the mass ratio of sodium chloride particles to virgin PET particles was 1:10, and the mixture was melt blended by a twin-screw extruder, extruded and cooled, and granulated into a functional masterbatch; S12. Cross-section PET fibers were obtained by melt spinning, air cooling and drawing collection of the functional masterbatch using a cross-shaped spinneret, the temperature for melt spinning was 250℃ for the feeding section, 265℃ for the compression section and 280℃ for the spinneret, the total draw ratio was 4 times, and the collection winding speed was 1000 m / min; S13. The collected PET fibers were soaked and washed in 70℃ water, and after the water-washable template particles were removed, the PET fibers were dried to obtain cross-section porous polyester fibers; S14. The obtained porous polyester fiber is carded and twisted to prepare a spinnable porous polyester yarn with a twist of 400 twists / m and a yarn specification of 75D / 36f; S15. The twisted porous polyester yarn is woven into a fabric with a fabric structure of pearl net structure to obtain a capillary moisture layer.

[0038] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 4 is that the inner layer of the functional fabric is not hydrophilic finished; A preparation method of a directional moisture absorption and perspiration functional fabric, comprising the following steps: S1. Dissolve cellulose acetate in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide with a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of cellulose acetate is 20wt%; S2. Electrospinning the spinning solution, the spinning voltage is 18kV, the advancing speed is 1mL / h, the collection distance is 15cm, the collection speed is 150rpm, the temperature is 25℃, and the relative humidity is 75%, the spun nanofiber is collected on the surface of the capillary moisture layer, and is placed in a 60℃ oven to dry and remove excess solvent; S3. Hydrolyze trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane under weak acidic conditions, and the concentration of trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane is 5wt%; S4. Spray the silane hydrolysis solution on one side of the capillary moisture layer which does not receive the electrospun film; S5. Heat treat the polyester fabric in a 150℃ oven for 1h to promote the silane to form a network siloxane film, form a stable hydrophobic layer, and obtain a directional moisture absorption and perspiration functional fabric.

[0039] The preparation method of the capillary moisture layer comprises the following steps: S11. Mix sodium chloride particles and virgin PET particles, the mass ratio of sodium chloride particles to virgin PET particles is 1:10, melt blend through a double screw extruder, extrude and cool, and granulate into a functional masterbatch; S12. Melt spin the functional masterbatch using a cross-shaped spinneret plate, blow and cool, and collect to obtain a PET fiber with a cross-section, the temperature for melt spinning is 250℃ for the feeding section, 265℃ for the compression section, and 280℃ for the spinneret, the total draw ratio is 4 times, and the collection winding speed is 1000m / min; S13. Soak the collected PET fiber in 70℃ water for washing, dry after thoroughly removing the water-washable template particles to obtain a porous polyester fiber with a cross-section; S14. The obtained porous polyester fiber is carded and twisted to prepare a spinnable porous polyester yarn with a twist of 400 twists / m and a yarn specification of 75D / 36f; S15. The twisted porous polyester yarn is woven into a fabric, and the fabric structure is pearl net structure, to obtain the capillary wetting layer.

[0040] Comparative Example 4 The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 2 is that the functional fabric is only composed of the capillary wetting layer; A preparation method of a moisture-absorbing polyester fabric, comprising the following steps: S11. Sodium chloride particles and virgin PET particles are mixed, the mass ratio of the sodium chloride particles to the virgin PET particles is 1:10, melt blending is performed through a double-screw extruder, extrusion cooling is performed, and the functional master batch is obtained by granulation; S12. The functional master batch is melt spun through a cross-shaped spinneret plate, air-cooled, drawn, and collected to obtain PET fibers with a cross-section, the temperature for melt spinning is 250 DEG C for the feeding section, 265 DEG C for the compression section, and 280 DEG C for the spinneret, the total draw ratio is 5 times, and the collection and winding speed is 1200 m / min; S13. The collected PET fibers are soaked and washed in 60 DEG C water, and after the water-washable template particles are fully removed, drying is performed to obtain porous polyester fibers with a cross-section; S14. The obtained porous polyester fibers are carded and twisted to prepare spinnable porous polyester yarns with a twist of 500 twists / m and a yarn specification of 100D / 48f; S15. The twisted porous polyester yarns are woven into a fabric, and the fabric structure is pearl net structure, to obtain the moisture-absorbing fabric.

[0041] Comparative Example 5 The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 4 is that no citric acid is added when the inner layer of the functional fabric is treated to be hydrophilic; A preparation method of a directional moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing functional fabric, comprising the following steps: S1. Cellulose acetate is dissolved in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide with a volume ratio of 2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of the cellulose acetate is 20wt%; S2. The spinning solution is electrospun, the spinning voltage is 18kV, the pushing speed is 1mL / h, the collection distance is 15cm, the collection speed is 150rpm, the temperature is 25 DEG C, and the relative humidity is 75%, the spun nanofibers are collected on the surface of the capillary wetting layer, and the excess solvent is removed by drying in a 60 DEG C oven; S3. A uniform 10wt% PVA solution is prepared at 80 DEG C, sprayed on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and placed in a 150 DEG C oven for heat treatment for 60min; S4. In weak acid conditions, trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane is hydrolyzed, and the concentration of the trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane is 5wt%; S5. Spraying the silane hydrolysis solution on one side of the capillary moisture guiding layer which does not receive the electrospun film; S6. Heat treating the polyester fabric in an oven at 150℃ for 1h, promoting the silane to form a reticular siloxane film, forming a stable hydrophobic layer, obtaining a directional moisture wicking and perspiration management functional fabric.

[0042] The preparation method of the capillary moisture guiding layer comprises the following steps: S11. Mixing sodium chloride particles and virgin PET particles, the mass ratio of the sodium chloride particles to the virgin PET particles being 1:10, melt blending through a double screw extruder, extruding and cooling, and granulating into a functional masterbatch; S12. Melting spinning the functional masterbatch using a cross-shaped spinneret plate, air cooling, drawing and collecting to obtain PET fibers with a cross-shaped cross section, the temperature for melting spinning being 250℃ for the feeding section, 265℃ for the compression section, and 280℃ for the spinneret, the total draw ratio being 4 times, and the collection winding speed being 1000m / min; S13. Immersing and washing the collected PET fibers in water at 70℃, and drying after sufficiently removing the water-washable template particles to obtain porous polyester fibers with a cross-shaped cross section; S14. Carding and twisting the obtained porous polyester fibers to prepare spinnable porous polyester yarns with a twist of 400 twists / m and a yarn specification of 75D / 36f; S15. Weaving the twisted porous polyester yarns into a fabric, the fabric having a pearl ground eyelet structure, to obtain the capillary moisture guiding layer.

[0043] The moisture wicking and perspiration management properties of the fabric include water absorption rate, water evaporation rate, moisture permeability and capillary effect, and these properties are tested and the test results are analyzed; the water absorption rate and water evaporation rate of the fabric are determined according to GB / T 21655.1-2023 "Evaluation of Moisture Absorption and Quick Drying of Textiles Part 1: Single Combination Test Method"; the moisture permeability is determined according to GB / T 12704.1-2009 "Textile Fabric Moisture Permeability Test Method Part 1: Hygroscopic Method"; and the capillary height is determined according to FZ / T 01071-2008 "Textile Capillary Effect Test Method".

[0044] Table 1 Moisture wicking and perspiration management performance test of the fabric

[0045] As can be seen from the table, the porous cross-section polyester fiber prepared by the water-washable template method of the application significantly improves the capillary effect and moisture conduction capacity; in the examples, the cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane is prepared by electrospinning, and is modified by cross-linking with PVA and citric acid to form an ultra-hydrophilic surface rich in hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, thereby significantly improving the initial moisture absorption rate and skin friendliness; in the examples, the outer layer is treated by hydrophobic treatment to realize one-way migration and rapid evaporation of moisture.

[0046] The abrasion resistance of the fabric affects its actual wear for a long time, and the hydrophilic and moisture absorption layer of the fabric is subjected to a rubbing experiment, and the moisture permeability and the water contact angle of the hydrophilic and moisture absorption layer before and after rubbing are tested; the moisture permeability determination method refers to GB / T 12704.1-2009 "Textile Fabric Moisture Permeability Test Method Part 1: Moisture Absorption Method"; the contact angle measurement method refers to GB / T 42694-2023 "Textile Surface Anti-wetting Performance Detection and Evaluation Contact Angle and Rolling Angle Method".

[0047] Table 2 Abrasion resistance test

[0048] In Example 4, PVA-citric acid green cross-linking modification is used to form a dense hydrophilic network structure, and after rubbing, the hydrophilicity is maintained well, the moisture permeability decreases slightly, and the water contact angle is still low; while in Comparative Example 5, citric acid is not added, the hydrophilic modification layer has poor stability, the water contact angle increases after rubbing, and the moisture permeability decreases significantly.

[0049] Obviously, the above examples are only examples for the purpose of clarity, and are not limitations on the embodiments. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can also be made by those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary or possible to exhaust all embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A functional fabric for directional moisture absorption and perspiration, characterized in that: The fabric comprises, from the surface to the inside, a sweat-drying layer, a capillary moisture-conducting layer and a hydrophilic moisture-absorbing layer, wherein the hydrophilic moisture-absorbing layer is The capillary moisture-conducting layer is made of porous polyester yarn, and the sweat-drying layer is a silane super-hydrophobic modified layer.

2. The functional fabric of claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the capillary moisture-conducting layer comprises the following steps: S11. Mix water-washable template particles and virgin PET particles, melt blend through a double-screw extruder, extrude and cool, and granulate into a functional master batch; S12. Melt spin the functional master batch using a cross-shaped spinneret plate, blow and cool, and collect to obtain a PET fiber with a cross-shaped section; S13. Soak the collected PET fiber in hot water for washing, dry after removing the water-washable template particles, and obtain a porous polyester fiber with a cross-shaped section; S14. Card and twist the obtained porous polyester fiber to prepare a porous polyester yarn with good spinnability; S15. Weave the twisted porous polyester yarn into a fabric, and the fabric has a pearl net structure, thereby obtaining the capillary moisture-conducting layer.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional fabric is prepared by a process comprising: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Dissolve cellulose acetate in a mixed solution of acetone and N,N-dimethylacetamide with a volume ratio of 1-2:1 to prepare an electrospinning solution, and the concentration of cellulose acetate is 16-22wt%; S2. Electrospin the spinning solution, collect the spun nanofiber on the surface of the capillary moisture-conducting layer, and dry in an oven at 50-60℃ to remove excess solvent; S3. Prepare a uniform PVA solution at 80-90℃, cool to room temperature, add citric acid, stir uniformly, spray on the surface of the electrospinning film in step S2, and place in an oven at 120-150℃ for heat treatment for 30-60min; S4. Hydrolyze the silane under acidic or neutral conditions, and the concentration of the silane is 1-5wt%; S5. Spray the silane hydrolysis solution on one side of the capillary moisture-conducting layer which does not receive the electrospinning film; S6. Heat treat the polyester fabric in an oven at 120-150℃ for 1-2h to promote the silane to form a networked siloxane film, form a stable hydrophobic layer, and obtain a functional fabric with directional moisture absorption and sweat release.

4. The functional fabric of claim 2, wherein: The water-washable template particles in step S11 are one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium carbonate, and the mass ratio of the water-washable template particles to the virgin PET particles is 1:10-20.

5. The functional fabric of claim 2, wherein: In step S12, the temperature for melt spinning is 240-250℃ for the feeding section, 255-265℃ for the compression section, 270-280℃ for the spinneret, the total draw ratio is 3-5 times, and the collection winding speed is 800-1200m / min.

6. The functional fabric of claim 2, wherein: In step S13, the temperature of the hot water is 60-70℃.

7. The functional fabric of claim 2, wherein: In step S14, the twist of the porous polyester yarn is 300-500 twists / m, the linear density of the porous polyester yarn is 70-100D, and the number of fiber filaments is 30-48f.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein the functional fabric is prepared by the steps of: The spinning voltage of electrostatic spinning in the step S2 is 15-20 kV, the pushing speed is 0.8-1.0 mL / h, the collection distance is 15-20 cm, the collection speed is 100-200 rpm, the temperature is 22-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is 70-80%.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein: The concentration of the PVA solution in the step S3 is 5-10 wt%, and the mass ratio of the citric acid to the PVA is 1:10-20.

10. The method of claim 3, wherein: The silane in the step S4 includes one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, octyl triethoxysilane and trifluoropropyl triethoxysilane.

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