Load test device and method for fixed launching pad of medium-large carrier rocket

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of spaceflight launching equipment testing, in particular to a load test device and method for a fixed launching pad of a medium-large carrier rocket. The technical problems that in the prior art, a fixed launching pad load test device is insufficient in bearing capacity and single in loading mode, and multi-point loading and ballasting working condition tests cannot be met at the same time are solved. Comprising a test platform, a test tool, loading equipment and test equipment. The test tool comprises a base, a portal, a loading beam, a support and a lug, and is connected with a foundation embedded steel plate through bolts; the loading equipment consists of a plurality of hydraulic jacks and a hydraulic pump station, and is uniformly controlled by a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) multi-point synchronous jacking control system; and the test equipment comprises a micrometer and a laser tracker and is used for accurately measuring the deformation of the fixed table body. The device is simple in structure, safe and reliable in structure, flexible in loading mode, high in bearing capacity and capable of achieving multi-point-position and multi-working-condition load tests with the maximum 2025 t ballast and 625 t pull load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a load testing device and method for a fixed launch pad for medium and large launch vehicles, and relates to the field of aerospace launch equipment testing technology. Background Technology

[0002] The launch pad is one of the core ground facilities of a space launch system. It primarily supports the rocket body, electrical systems, propellant loading systems, and testing equipment, providing a stable and reliable support platform for the rocket launch. The structural strength and rigidity of the launch pad directly affect the success of the rocket launch mission and are key factors in ensuring space launch safety.

[0003] With the rapid development of my country's space program, the new generation of medium and large launch vehicles has placed higher load-bearing requirements on fixed launch pads. To ensure the safety and reliability of rocket launches, rigorous load tests must be conducted on the launch pad before it is put into use to verify whether its structural strength and stiffness meet the design requirements.

[0004] In existing technologies, the following problems mainly exist for load testing on fixed launch pads for medium and large launch vehicles:

[0005] (1) Insufficient load-bearing capacity: Traditional load testing devices are difficult to meet the load testing requirements of medium and large launch pads with a capacity of several thousand tons;

[0006] (2) Single loading method: Existing equipment can usually only perform single ballast or tensile load tests, and cannot switch between ballast and tensile load conditions on the same set of equipment;

[0007] (3) Limited loading points: It is difficult to achieve synchronous loading at multiple points, and it is impossible to truly simulate the actual stress state of the launch pad;

[0008] (4) Low measurement accuracy: There is a lack of systematic deformation measurement schemes, making it difficult to accurately assess the deformation of the launch pad under load;

[0009] (5) Deviation between simulation and reality: Due to the large size and complex structure of the launch pad, relying solely on simulation analysis often leads to a large deviation between theoretical and actual values.

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a load testing device and method for fixed launch pads of medium and large launch vehicles that has a large load capacity, supports multi-point loading, can simultaneously meet tensile and ballast conditions for testing, and has high-precision deformation measurement capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0011] According to one aspect of this application, a load testing device for a fixed launch pad of a medium-to-large launch vehicle is provided, comprising a test platform, test fixtures, loading equipment, and testing equipment;

[0012] The test platform is a foundation structure with multiple embedded steel plates 12 inside. The embedded steel plates 12 have multiple threaded holes for installing and fixing test fixtures.

[0013] The test fixture includes a base 1, a loading beam 2, a support 3, an ear seat 4, and a gantry 6. The base 1 is connected to the pre-embedded steel plate 12 by bolts. The gantry 6 is welded and fixed to the base 1. One end of the loading beam 2 is connected to the base 1 through the support 3 to form a fulcrum, and the other end is connected to the support block interface of the fixed launch pad through the ear seat 4.

[0014] The loading device includes several hydraulic jacks 5 and a hydraulic pump station. The hydraulic jacks 5 are used to apply load to the loading beam 2. The hydraulic pump station is connected to the hydraulic jacks 5 and the pressurization and depressurization operations are uniformly controlled by the PLC control system.

[0015] The testing equipment includes a micrometer 13 and a laser tracker 11. The micrometer 13 is used to measure the height of the bottom surface of the platform, and the laser tracker 11 is used to measure the height of the surface of the platform support block.

[0016] The loading beam 2 is connected to the support 3 and the ear seat 4 by a pin to form a lever-type loading structure.

[0017] When the ballast condition test is carried out, the hydraulic jack 5 is installed on the base 1 and lifts the loading beam 2 to make the fixed launch platform interface bear pressure;

[0018] When a tensile load test is conducted, the hydraulic jack 5 is installed on the gantry 6, which lifts the gantry 6 so that the fixed launch pad interface bears tensile force.

[0019] The micrometer 13 is evenly fixed around the foundation of the platform;

[0020] The laser tracker 11 is arranged on an independent measurement platform at the same height as the platform and does not contact the platform, so as to reduce the interference of platform deformation on measurement accuracy.

[0021] According to another aspect of this application, a load testing method using the aforementioned load testing apparatus for a fixed launch pad of a medium-to-large launch vehicle is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: Reference Measurement and Adjustment: Measure the center point position of each embedded steel plate 12, analyze the center deviation value, and determine the installation and adjustment direction and method of the test fixture and fixed launch platform to meet the matching requirements;

[0023] S2: Tooling installation: Connect the base 1 to the embedded steel plate 12 with bolts, and connect the lug 4 to the fixed launch platform support block with bolts, ensuring that the contact surface is tight and without gaps and applying pre-tightening force; determine the installation position of the hydraulic jack 5 according to the test conditions;

[0024] S3: Initial state measurement: Use micrometer 13 to measure and record the initial height of the bottom surface of the launch pad, and use laser tracker 11 to measure and record the initial height of the upper surface of each support block;

[0025] S4: Loading: Calculate the loading amount based on the distance between the hydraulic jack 5 and the fulcrum and the ear seat 4 and the fulcrum, and control the hydraulic jack 5 to load to the target load value through the PLC control system;

[0026] S5: Pressure Holding Measurement: After loading is completed, enter the pressure holding state and repeat step S3 to measure the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad and the height of the upper surface of the support block. Calculate the deformation of the launch pad by the difference between the data before and after loading.

[0027] S6: Unloading: After the pressure holding time requirement is met, the hydraulic jack 5 is controlled by the PLC control system to unload.

[0028] S7: Restoration test: After unloading, let it stand for a preset time, then measure the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad and the height of the upper surface of the support block again to check whether the deformation of the launch pad has returned to its initial state.

[0029] S8: Multi-condition test: Repeat steps S2-S7 for different test conditions until all test conditions are completed.

[0030] In step S5, if the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad changes, the effect of the overall sinking of the launch pad must be deducted when calculating the deformation of the launch pad.

[0031] In step S7, the preset time is 5 minutes.

[0032] The embedded steel plate is arranged in the middle of the foundation of the platform. The embedded steel plate is fastened to the base by bolts to withstand the pressure and tension generated by the test load.

[0033] The PLC control system is a multi-point synchronous lifting system, which can realize simultaneous lifting operation at multiple points or single-point operation with load, and has the ability to resist off-center load.

[0034] The laser tracker measures the height at four points on the upper surface of each support block and takes the average value as the height of the support block.

[0035] The advantages of this application are:

[0036] The testing apparatus provided in this application features a simple tooling structure, easily controllable loading method, and strong loading capacity. Depending on the placement of the hydraulic jacks, load tests can be conducted with a maximum ballast load of 2025t and a tensile load of 625t. A hydraulic jack is installed at each loading position, employing a PLC multi-point synchronous lifting system. This system exhibits excellent resistance to eccentric loads during lifting, enabling large-load loading tests at multiple points and under various working conditions.

[0037] (1) Strong load-bearing capacity: The load test device provided in this application can realize large load tests of up to 2025t ballast and 625t tensile load, which meets the load test requirements of fixed launch pads for medium and large launch vehicles;

[0038] (2) Flexible loading method: By changing the installation position of the hydraulic jack, the two working conditions of ballast and tensile load can be switched on the same set of equipment without changing the test equipment;

[0039] (3) Multi-point synchronous loading: The PLC multi-point synchronous lifting control system can realize multi-point simultaneous loading, truly simulate the actual stress state of the launch pad, and has excellent anti-eccentric load capability.

[0040] (4) High measurement accuracy: The measurement scheme combines micrometer and laser tracker. The laser tracker is placed on an independent measurement platform, which effectively avoids the interference of platform deformation on the measurement and ensures the accuracy of deformation measurement.

[0041] (5) Structural safety and reliability: The test fixture structure adopts the lever loading principle, which is simple in structure and has clear force. It is fastened to the pre-embedded steel plate in the foundation by bolts, which is safe and reliable.

[0042] (6) Easy to operate: The loading and unloading process is uniformly controlled by the PLC control system, which is easy to operate and can realize the automated test process. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a load testing device used on a fixed launch pad for medium and large launch vehicles.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a load testing device used on a fixed launch pad for medium and large launch vehicles.

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the measurement positions of the platform support blocks;

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Loading beam; 3. Support; 4. Ear seat; 5. Hydraulic jack; 6. Gantry; 7. Through hole; 8. Pin; 9. Platform; 10. Loading device; 11. Laser tracker; 12. Embedded steel plate; 13. Micrometer. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0048] Example 1: Load Testing Device

[0049] A load testing device for a fixed launch pad for medium and large launch vehicles includes a test platform, a test fixture structure, a loading device, and a testing device.

[0050] The test platform is a foundation structure, and multiple embedded steel plates 12 are provided in the foundation structure. The embedded steel plates are arranged in the middle of the foundation of the platform and have multiple threaded holes for fastening to the base of the test fixture structure with bolts.

[0051] The test fixture structure includes a base 1, a gantry 6, a loading beam 2, a support 3, and an ear seat 4. The base 1 is connected to the threaded hole of the pre-embedded steel plate 12 in the foundation via a through hole 7, and is fastened with bolts. During fastening, no gaps are ensured between the contact surfaces, and a preload is applied according to the test conditions. The gantry 6 is welded and fixed to the base 1. One end of the loading beam 2 contacts the hydraulic jack 5, and the other end connects to the ear seat 4. A fulcrum is provided between the two ends to connect to the support 3. The loading beam 2 is connected to the support 3 and the ear seat 4 via a pin 8, forming a lever-type loading structure.

[0052] The loading equipment includes several hydraulic jacks 5 and a hydraulic pump station. The installation position of the hydraulic jacks 5 is determined according to the test conditions: when conducting a ballast test, the hydraulic jacks 5 are installed on the base 1, lifting the loading beam 2 to subject the fixed launch platform interface to pressure; when conducting a tensile test, the hydraulic jacks 5 are installed on the gantry 6, lifting the gantry 6 to subject the fixed launch platform interface to tensile force. The hydraulic pump station is connected to the hydraulic jacks 5, and the pressurization and depressurization operations are uniformly controlled by a PLC multi-point synchronous lifting control system. This allows for simultaneous multi-point lifting operation as well as single-point load operation, exhibiting excellent resistance to eccentric loads.

[0053] The testing equipment includes a micrometer 13 and a laser tracker 11. The micrometer 13 is uniformly fixed around the base of the platform and is used to measure the height of the bottom surface of the platform. The laser tracker 11 is arranged on an independent measuring platform at the same height as the platform 9 but not in contact with it, and is used to measure the surface height of the platform support blocks to reduce the interference of platform deformation on measurement accuracy. The laser tracker 11 measures the height at four measuring points on the upper surface of each support block, and takes the average value as the height value of that support block.

[0054] The load testing device in this embodiment can perform load tests with a maximum ballast load of 2025t and a tensile load of 625t.

[0055] The method for conducting load tests using the apparatus described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: Reference Measurement and Adjustment

[0057] Measure the center point position of each embedded steel plate 12, analyze the center deviation value based on the measurement results, and determine the installation and adjustment direction and method of the test fixture and fixed launch platform 9 to meet the matching requirements.

[0058] S2: Tooling Installation

[0059] After the test fixtures meet the fitting requirements, the base 1 is connected to the pre-embedded steel plate 12 in the foundation with bolts, and the lug 4 is connected to the support block of the fixed launch platform 9 with bolts, ensuring that the contact surfaces are tight and without gaps, and applying pre-tightening force according to the test conditions. The installation position of the hydraulic jack 5 is determined according to the test conditions: when ballast conditions are required, the hydraulic jack 5 is installed on the base 1; when tensile conditions are required, the hydraulic jack 5 is installed on the gantry 6.

[0060] S3: Initial State Measurement

[0061] The initial height of the bottom surface of the launch pad was measured and recorded using a micrometer 13. The height of four points on the upper surface of each support block was measured using a laser tracker 11, and the average value was taken as the initial height value of that support block.

[0062] S4: Loading

[0063] The distances between hydraulic jack 5 and the fulcrum, and between lug 4 and the fulcrum, are measured. The load on hydraulic jack 5 is calculated based on the lever principle and the test conditions. The hydraulic jack 5 is then controlled by a PLC control system to load the target load value.

[0064] S5: Pressure Holding Measurement

[0065] After loading is complete, enter the pressure holding state and repeat step S3 to measure the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad and the height of the top surface of the support block. Check whether the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad has changed. If it has changed, the effect of the overall sinking of the launch pad must be deducted when calculating the deformation of the launch pad. The deformation of the launch pad under this working condition is comprehensively evaluated by the difference between the two sets of data before and after loading.

[0066] S6: Uninstall

[0067] After the required pressure holding time is reached, the hydraulic jack 5 is controlled by the PLC control system to unload.

[0068] S7: Restorative Detection

[0069] After unloading, let it stand for 5 minutes, then measure the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad and the height of the top surface of the support block again to check whether the deformation of the platform has returned to its initial state and to evaluate the elastic recovery performance of the platform.

[0070] S8: Multi-condition test

[0071] For different test conditions (such as different load sizes, different loading points, ballast / tension switching, etc.), repeat steps S2-S7 until all test conditions are completed.

[0072] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A load testing device for a fixed launch pad of a medium-to-large launch vehicle, characterized in that, It consists of a test platform, test fixtures, loading equipment, and testing equipment; The test platform is a foundation structure with multiple embedded steel plates (12) inside. The embedded steel plates (12) have multiple threaded holes for installing and fixing test fixtures. The test fixture includes a base (1), a loading beam (2), a support (3), an ear seat (4), and a gantry (6). The base (1) is connected to the embedded steel plate (12) by bolts. The gantry (6) is welded and fixed on the base (1). One end of the loading beam (2) is connected to the base (1) through the support (3) to form a fulcrum. The other end is connected to the support block interface of the fixed launch platform through the ear seat (4). The loading device includes several hydraulic jacks (5) and a hydraulic pump station. The hydraulic jacks (5) are used to apply load to the loading beam (2). The hydraulic pump station is connected to the hydraulic jacks (5) and the pressurization and depressurization operations are uniformly controlled by the PLC control system. The testing equipment includes a micrometer (13) and a laser tracker (11). The micrometer (13) is used to measure the height of the bottom surface of the platform, and the laser tracker (11) is used to measure the height of the surface of the platform support block.

2. The load testing device for a fixed launch pad of a medium-to-large launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading beam (2) is connected to the support (3) and the ear seat (4) by a pin to form a lever-type loading structure.

3. The load testing device for a fixed launch pad of a medium-to-large launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the ballast condition test is carried out, the hydraulic jack (5) is installed on the base (1) to lift the loading beam (2) so that the fixed launch platform interface bears pressure; When a tensile test is performed, the hydraulic jack (5) is installed on the gantry (6) to lift the gantry (6) so that the fixed launch pad interface bears tensile force.

4. The load testing device for a fixed launch pad of a medium-to-large launch vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micrometer (13) is evenly fixed around the foundation of the platform; The laser tracker (11) is placed on an independent measurement platform at the same height as the platform and does not contact the platform, so as to reduce the interference of platform deformation on measurement accuracy.

5. A load testing method using the load testing apparatus for a fixed launch pad of a medium-to-large launch vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Reference measurement and adjustment: Measure the position of the center point of each embedded steel plate (12), analyze the center deviation value, and determine the installation and adjustment direction and method of the test fixture and fixed launch platform to meet the matching requirements; S2: Tooling installation: Connect the base (1) to the embedded steel plate (12) with bolts, and connect the ear seat (4) to the fixed launch platform support block with bolts to ensure that the contact surface is tight and without gaps and apply pre-tightening force; determine the installation position of the hydraulic jack (5) according to the test conditions; S3: Initial state measurement: Use a micrometer (13) to measure and record the initial height of the bottom surface of the launch pad, and use a laser tracker (11) to measure and record the initial height of the upper surface of each support block; S4: Loading: Calculate the loading amount based on the distance between the hydraulic jack (5) and the fulcrum, and the distance between the lug (4) and the fulcrum. Control the hydraulic jack (5) to load to the target load value through the PLC control system. S5: Pressure Holding Measurement: After loading is completed, enter the pressure holding state and repeat step S3 to measure the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad and the height of the upper surface of the support block. Calculate the deformation of the launch pad by the difference between the data before and after loading. S6: Unloading: After the pressure holding time requirement is met, the hydraulic jack (5) is controlled by the PLC control system to unload; S7: Restoration test: After unloading, let it stand for a preset time, then measure the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad and the height of the upper surface of the support block again to check whether the deformation of the launch pad has returned to its initial state. S8: Multi-condition test: Repeat steps S2-S7 for different test conditions until all test conditions are completed.

6. The load test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S5, if the height of the bottom surface of the launch pad changes, the effect of the overall sinking of the launch pad must be deducted when calculating the deformation of the launch pad.

7. The load test method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S7, the preset time is 5 minutes.

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