A method for annual green manure interplanting for soil improvement and fertilization in tea garden

Abstract

The application provides a kind of annual green manure interplanting method for tea garden soil improvement and fertilization, by interplanting summer green manure dichondra and winter green manure white clover in tea rows, combined with seamless interplanting and timely plowing technology, significantly improve the soil improvement effect and ecological regulation effect and the yield and quality of tea, through the synergy of two specific green manure variety combination, space-time configuration optimization and plowing management and other key links, not only fundamentally curb soil erosion, improve soil, fertilize soil fertility, reverse the trend of soil degradation, but also provide a stable habitat and food chain foundation for soil microorganisms, arthropods and other organisms, improve the biodiversity of tea garden, enhance the resistance to drought, cold and other adversity, promote the tea garden from a "soil consumption system" that relies on external input to a "fertile land and land system" that can self-nourish and recycle, which is of great significance to promote tea garden soil health management and promote green development of tea industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tea garden cultivation and soil improvement technology, and in particular to a year-round green manure intercropping method for improving soil fertility in tea gardens, which is especially suitable for the improvement and restoration of soil compaction, acidification, reduced organic matter and degraded soil biological activity in tea gardens. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, under the traditional cultivation and management model of long-term monoculture and clean cultivation and weeding, tea gardens generally face systemic degradation problems such as soil compaction, decline in organic matter, acidification, and reduced biological activity. There is an urgent need to fundamentally repair and cultivate healthy tea garden soil in order to ensure the quality and safety of tea and the healthy and sustainable development of the tea industry.

[0003] While existing technologies have explored solutions to the aforementioned tea garden soil degradation issues through chemical amendments, biomass application, and seasonal green manure intercropping, they still suffer from limitations such as reliance on single technical approaches, dependence on external material inputs, and gaps in green manure coverage. These shortcomings make it difficult to systematically address the complex problems of soil compaction, acidification, declining organic matter, and degraded biological activity in tea gardens, and further hinder the fundamental shift from a "soil-consuming system" to a "soil-nurturing system." For example, current green manure intercropping models are mostly single-season green manure or seasonal rotation, lacking a year-round seamless green manure combination design. This results in long gaps in green manure coverage, discontinuous soil conservation effects, and a failure to fully achieve the systematic goal of "using land to nourish land."

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method for improving and restoring tea garden soil that is compacted, acidified, has reduced organic matter, and has degraded biological activity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and, in line with the development trend of green and organic agriculture, propose a year-round green manure intercropping method for tea garden soil improvement and fertilization based on the integration of modern ecological agronomic technology. This invention is a refined and scientific year-round green manure management model for tea gardens, combining seamless intercropping and incorporation. Through the selection of specific green manure varieties, optimization of spatial and temporal combinations, and standardized planting and incorporation management, it not only fundamentally curbs soil erosion, improves soil, enriches soil fertility, and reverses soil degradation trends, but also provides a stable habitat and food chain foundation for soil microorganisms and arthropods, enhancing the biodiversity of tea gardens and strengthening their resistance to adversity such as drought and frost. Strategically, it promotes the transformation of tea gardens from a "soil-consuming system" dependent on external inputs into a self-sustaining and regenerating "fertile soil-nourishing system," which is of great significance for promoting healthy soil management in tea gardens and facilitating the green development of the tea industry.

[0006] To achieve the above technical effects, the following technical solution is adopted: A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens includes the following steps: Step S1: Intercropping with winter green manure (1) Land preparation After the autumnal equinox in the first year, when the soil moisture is suitable, the summer green manure crushing, turning, trenching and application of base fertilizer and the winter green manure sowing pre-sowing land are completed simultaneously by hand or by using a small tea garden micro-tiller between the tea garden rows. The turning depth is 15cm~20cm. (2) Sowing After completing the synchronous plowing, application of base fertilizer, and land preparation, sow winter green manure within 1-3 days. The sowing rate of winter green manure is 1.5-2.0 kg / mu. (3) Field management ① Drought prevention: After sowing green manure in winter, irrigate in time if drought occurs; the irrigation requirement is to replenish water to 80% to 90% of field capacity; ②Weed removal: In mid-to-late February of the following year, in conjunction with the application of fertilizer to promote bud growth in the tea garden, manually remove noxious weeds other than green manure grass seeds; ③ Turning and pressing: From late April to early May of the following year, after the spring tea production is completed, the tea garden is simultaneously cultivated and fertilized for the second time. Winter green manure is turned and pressed, with a turning and pressing depth of 15 cm to 20 cm. S2, Intercropping with summer green manure (1) Land preparation Intercropping with summer green manure and winter green manure plowing are carried out simultaneously to achieve seamless connection in terms of time and procedures. The land preparation requires ensuring that the fresh grass of winter green manure is buried in the soil, and breaking up and leveling the soil after plowing to form a relatively loose and flat seedbed. (2) Sowing After completing synchronous plowing, inter-row cultivation, topdressing and land preparation, summer green manure sowing should be completed within 1 to 3 days, with a sowing rate of 2.0 to 4.0 kg / mu. (3) Field management ① Drainage and drought relief: During the plum rain season, ensure smooth drainage in the tea garden to prevent water accumulation from causing the green manure to rot. During the summer drought, irrigate in the early morning or evening to replenish water. The drought prevention method is the same as step S1. ②Weed removal: During the seedling stage of green manure in summer, weeds should be removed manually once or twice, depending on the growth of other weeds, so as to remove them early and when they are small; ③ Pest and disease control: Control pests and diseases in a timely manner according to their occurrence, and maintain ventilation and light penetration inside the tea garden and green manure layer; ④ Turning and compacting: In late September of the second year, in conjunction with deep plowing and application of base fertilizer in the tea garden, the summer green manure is turned and compacted back into the field, and at the same time, the land is prepared to start a new round of winter green manure intercropping, forming a complete year-round closed loop. Furthermore, the summer green manure is marigold; the winter green manure is white clover; Furthermore, the compaction depth in steps S1 and S2 is 18 cm; Furthermore, in step S1, the winter green manure is sown before the Frost's Descent; in step S2, the summer green manure is sown between Grain Rain and Grain Full. Furthermore, the sowing rate of the winter green manure is 1.8 kg / mu; the sowing rate of the summer green manure is 3.0 kg / mu. Furthermore, the irrigation water quality in steps S1 and S2 meets the GB 5084 standard for farmland irrigation water quality. Furthermore, the sowing method for winter and summer green manure is to evenly broadcast the seeds between the tea rows; Furthermore, the cultivation method is implemented continuously for 3 years or more; Furthermore, in step S2, the principle of pest and disease control is prevention-oriented, and the use of pesticides shall comply with the provisions of NY / T 393 and NY / T5197. Furthermore, the seeds for winter and summer green manure are obtained through purchase or self-saving. Purchased seeds conform to GB 8080 Green Manure Seeds. The germination conditions for self-saved seeds are as follows: according to the germination test method of GB / T 3543.4, 100 seeds are randomly selected, wrapped in damp gauze and placed at a temperature of 20℃~25℃, kept moist, and the number of germinated seeds is recorded within 5 days~7 days to calculate the germination rate; the germination rate is ≥80%; before soaking, the seeds are sun-dried for 1 day~2 days, soaked in room temperature water for 6 hours~12 hours, drained of excess water, and stored in a ventilated, dark place at a temperature of 20℃~25℃ for later use.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on the integration of modern ecological agronomic technology, this invention proposes a year-round green manure intercropping method for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens. The following technical effects were achieved through the green manure intercropping cultivation method: (1) Soil improvement effect: After three consecutive years of implementation, compared with the blank control group, the soil organic matter content in the combined model area increased by 43.98%, the pH value increased by 0.56 units, the soil bulk density decreased by 11.36%, the weed biomass inhibition rate reached 98.63%, the pest population reduction rate reached 78.62%, and the number of earthworms and the microbial diversity index were significantly better than those in the blank control group; (2) Ecological regulation effect: In the combined model area, the main pests such as tea green leafhoppers and aphids were reduced. The population density can be reduced by 40-50%, the root-knot nematode density can be reduced by 25-35%, and at the same time, it can provide nectar sources and habitats for natural enemies of pests such as ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps. The number of times the pesticide is used is reduced by an average of 1-2 times per year. (3) Tea tree growth and quality response: Compared with the blank control group, the spring tea budding period is 3-5 days earlier, the weight of 100 buds of tea leaves increases by 18.45%, and the biochemical component detection of tea leaves shows that the amino acid content in tea leaves increases by 8.06%, the ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acids is more coordinated, and the freshness and aroma concentration are significantly improved. The sensory score of tea leaves is as high as 96 points. The weight increase rate of 100 buds of tea leaves in Example 1 is significantly higher than that of other control groups. This invention is a refined and scientific year-round green manure management model for tea gardens. By intercropping marigolds as summer green manure and white clover as winter green manure between tea rows, combined with seamless intercropping and incorporation techniques, it significantly improves soil improvement and ecological regulation effects, thereby increasing tea yield and quality. Through intercropping two specific green manure varieties, combined with optimized spatial and temporal configuration, and standardized planting and incorporation management, it not only fundamentally curbs soil erosion, improves soil fertility, and reverses soil degradation trends, but also provides a stable habitat and food chain foundation for soil microorganisms and arthropods. This synergistically enhances tea garden biodiversity and strengthens resistance to drought, frost, and other adverse conditions. Simultaneously, it achieves multiple goals such as soil improvement, weed control, pest reduction, and quality improvement, transforming tea gardens from a "soil-consuming system" dependent on external inputs into a self-sustaining and regenerating "fertile soil-nourishing system." This is of great significance for promoting healthy soil management in tea gardens and fostering the green development of the tea industry. Detailed Implementation

[0008] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0009] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0010] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or combinations thereof.

[0011] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all reagents and consumables were purchased from conventional reagent manufacturers in the art; unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods and techniques used are conventional methods and techniques in the art.

[0012] Example: Experimental Location and Materials: The experiment was conducted in a standardized tea garden in Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province. The tea variety was Shangmeizhou, and the soil type was red soil. The soil pH was 4.4, with organic matter content of 18.9 g / kg, total nitrogen content of 0.97 g / kg, total phosphorus content of 0.29 g / kg, total potassium content of 14.9 g / kg, available nitrogen content of 118 mg / kg, available phosphorus content of 4.08 mg / kg, and available potassium content of 55.2 mg / kg. Eight treatment groups were set up, with three replicates per treatment group, arranged in a randomized block design. All data in the examples and comparative examples are the average values ​​of three replicates.

[0013] The trial period is from October 2021 to September 2024.

[0014] Example 1 S1, Intercropping with winter green manure (1) Land preparation After the autumnal equinox, when the soil moisture is suitable (October 20 to November 20 of the first year), a small tea garden micro-tiller is used between the rows of tea gardens to simultaneously complete the crushing, turning, and application of base fertilizer for summer green manure of marigolds, as well as the preparation of the land before sowing winter green manure. The turning depth is 18 cm to ensure that the fresh grass of summer green manure of marigolds planted in the current year is buried in the soil. At the same time, rapeseed cake fertilizer is applied in furrows according to the specifications of NY / T 496 and NY / T 5197, with an application rate of 200 kg / mu. The soil clods after turning are broken up and leveled to form a relatively loose and flat sowing bed.

[0015] (2) Sowing After completing the synchronous plowing, application of base fertilizer, and land preparation, white clover winter green manure should be sown immediately within 3 days at a rate of 1.8 kg / mu, and the sowing method should be to broadcast it evenly between the tea rows.

[0016] (3) Field management (3.1) Drought prevention: If drought occurs after the sowing of green manure in winter, irrigation should be carried out in time; the irrigation requirement is to replenish water to 85% of the field capacity, and the irrigation water quality should meet the GB 5084 farmland irrigation water quality standard.

[0017] (3.2) Weeding: From February 10 to February 28 of the second year, apply high-nitrogen compound fertilizer (N / P / K=30 / 5 / 5) in conjunction with the application of bud-promoting fertilizer in the tea garden. The amount of fertilizer applied is 25 kg / mu. Manually remove noxious weeds other than green manure grass seeds.

[0018] (3.3) Turning and pressing: From April 20 to May 10 of the second year, after the spring tea production is completed, the tea garden is cultivated and topdressed. The amount of compound fertilizer (N / P / K=15 / 15 / 15) applied is 15 kg / mu. White clover winter green manure is turned and pressed to a depth of 18cm to ensure that the fresh grass of winter green manure is buried in the soil. The tea garden cultivation, topdressing and turning and pressing of winter green manure are carried out at the same time.

[0019] S2, Intercropping with summer green manure (1) Land preparation The land preparation before intercropping summer green manure and the winter green manure turning and compaction are carried out simultaneously to achieve seamless connection in terms of time and procedures. The land preparation requirements are to ensure that the fresh grass of the winter green manure is buried in the soil. While turning and compacting the white clover winter green manure, compound fertilizer (N / P / K=15 / 15 / 15) is applied in furrows according to the NY / T496 and NY / T 5197 specifications, with an application rate of 15 kg / mu. The soil clods after turning are broken up and leveled to form a relatively loose and flat seedbed.

[0020] (2) Sowing After completing synchronous plowing, inter-row cultivation, topdressing and land preparation, take advantage of the soil moisture to complete the sowing of marigold summer green manure within 3 days, with a sowing rate of 3.0 kg / mu; the sowing method is to evenly broadcast the seeds between the tea rows.

[0021] (3) Field management (3.1) Drainage and drought resistance: During the plum rain season, ensure that the tea garden is drained smoothly to prevent water accumulation from causing the green manure roots to rot; during the summer drought, irrigate in the early morning or evening to replenish water. The irrigation requirement is to replenish water to 85% of the field capacity, and the irrigation water quality should meet the GB 5084 farmland irrigation water quality standard.

[0022] (3.2) Weeding: During the summer green manure seedling stage, weeding should be done manually twice, depending on the growth of weeds, so as to remove them early and when they are small.

[0023] (3.3) Pest and disease control: The plum rain season is the period when green manure biomass accumulates the fastest in summer, and it is also the period when pests and diseases are most prevalent. Control should be carried out in a timely manner according to the occurrence of pests and diseases. The principle of control is prevention first. Maintain ventilation and light penetration inside the tea garden and green manure layer. The use of pesticides must comply with the provisions of NY / T 393 and NY / T 5197.

[0024] (3.4) Turning and compaction: From September 20th to September 30th of the second year, a small tea garden micro-tiller is used between the rows of tea gardens to simultaneously complete the crushing, turning and compaction of summer green manure for marigolds, the application of base fertilizer in furrows, and the preparation of the land before sowing winter green manure. The turning and compaction depth is 18 cm to ensure that the marigolds planted that year are buried in the soil. At the same time, base fertilizer is applied in furrows according to the specifications of NY / T 496 and NY / T 5197. The soil clods after turning and compaction are broken and leveled to form a relatively loose and flat seedbed. Simultaneous turning and compaction, application of base fertilizer, and land preparation are completed. At the same time, a new round of winter green manure intercropping is started, forming a complete closed loop throughout the year, which is implemented continuously for 3 years.

[0025] Blank control group Except for the absence of winter and summer green manure intercropping, the application of base fertilizer, drainage and drought resistance, weeding, and pest and disease management in the tea garden are the same as in Example 1.

[0026] Comparative Example 1: Only white clover is used for winter green manure intercropping, and marigolds are not used for summer green manure intercropping. The application of base fertilizer in the tea garden, drainage and drought resistance, weeding, pest and disease management, as well as the sowing time, land preparation, and plowing conditions for winter green manure are the same as in Example 1.

[0027] Comparative Example 2 Only summer green manure intercropping of marigolds was carried out, while winter green manure intercropping of white clover was not carried out. The application of base fertilizer in the tea garden, drainage and drought resistance, weeding, pest and disease management, as well as the sowing time, land preparation, and plowing conditions for summer green manure were the same as in Example 1.

[0028] Comparative Example 3 Summer and winter green manure intercropping were carried out, with the summer green manure replaced by round-leaved cassia and the winter green manure replaced by hairy vetch. Except for the different types of summer and winter green manure compared to Example 1, the application of base fertilizer in the tea garden, drainage and drought resistance, weeding, pest and disease management, as well as the sowing time, land preparation, and plowing conditions for summer and winter green manure were the same as in Example 1.

[0029] Comparative Example 4 Summer and winter green manure intercropping were carried out, with the summer green manure replaced by round-leaf cassia, while the winter green manure remained the same (white clover). Except for the type of summer green manure, which differed from Example 1, the application of base fertilizer in the tea garden, drainage and drought resistance, weeding, pest and disease management, as well as the sowing time, land preparation, and plowing conditions for summer and winter green manure were the same as in Example 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 5 Summer and winter green manure intercropping were carried out, while the winter green manure was replaced with hairy vetch. The type of summer green manure remained the same (marigold). Except for the type of winter green manure, which was different from that in Example 1, the application of base fertilizer in the tea garden, drainage and drought resistance, weeding, pest and disease management, as well as the sowing time, land preparation, and plowing conditions of summer and winter green manure were the same as in Example 1.

[0031] Comparative Example 6 Winter and summer green manure intercropping are not carried out; an 8 cm thick layer of straw is laid between the tea tree rows, covering an area 10 cm away from the tea tree roots to prevent root rot; in addition, the application of base fertilizer, drainage and drought resistance, weeding, and pest and disease management in the tea garden are the same as in Example 1.

[0032] After the experiment, the organic matter content, pH value, soil bulk density, earthworm number, weed biomass inhibition rate, pest population reduction rate, increase rate of 100 buds with one bud and one leaf 5 days earlier in spring tea budding, amino acid content in tea leaves, and ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acids were tested and analyzed. The sensory evaluation of the tea leaves was also conducted. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0033] Test method: Soil organic matter content, pH value, and soil bulk density: Five soil samples were taken diagonally from each soil sample according to the treatment and mixed together. The organic matter content was determined by potassium dichromate titration method, and the soil pH was determined by pH meter. For specific operating procedures, please refer to "Soil Agricultural Chemical Analysis Methods"; the soil bulk density was determined by ring sampler method.

[0034] Earthworm survey: The quadrat method was used for manual separation. Five sampling points were taken along the diagonal of each treatment. Soil samples (length × width × depth) of 100cm × 100cm × 20cm were taken from each sampling point and placed on a plastic sheet laid flat on the ground. Earthworms were picked up by hand, identified and classified, and then immediately weighed with a balance and returned to the soil. The survey was conducted in May 2024.

[0035] Weed survey: Five 100 cm × 50 cm quadrats were taken for each treatment. The species, height and density of weeds were observed and recorded on site. The aboveground biomass was determined by the oven drying method. The survey was conducted in May 2024.

[0036] Insect population rate survey: Insect population rate = (Number of affected samples / Total number of surveyed samples) × 100% Tea sampling method: According to the "Tea Tree Germplasm Resource Description Specification and Data Standard", the weight of 100 buds (one bud and one leaf), bud density, and tea yield of tea trees in each plot were measured. Fresh tea leaves (one bud and one leaf) were picked at the one-bud-one-leaf stage and divided into two portions. One portion was spread out appropriately and then manually fixed, rolled, and dried in a tea roasting machine at 220-280℃ to prepare a roasted green tea sample for sensory quality evaluation. The other portion was dried in a dryer at 120℃ for 5 minutes and then dried at 80℃ to constant weight to prepare a biochemical sample for the determination of tea internal components.

[0037] The sensory evaluation of tea is mainly based on the national standard GB / T 23776-2018 Sensory Evaluation Method for Tea, using a five-factor scoring method with a total score of 100 points: appearance (25%), liquor color (10%), aroma (25%), taste (30%), and infused leaf (10%).

[0038] The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the effects of different planting patterns on the physical structure and nutrient conditions of tea garden soil, as well as pests and weeds. Table 2 shows the effects of different planting patterns on tea yield and quality.

[0039] Table 1. Effects of different planting patterns on soil nutrient conditions and pest and weed in tea gardens.

[0040] Table 2. Effects of different planting patterns on tea yield and quality

[0041] As shown in Tables 1-2, Example 1 of this invention, employing a year-round green manure combination of "autumn-sown white clover + spring-sown marigold" in tea gardens, exhibits significant soil improvement and ecological regulation effects, significantly increasing tea yield and quality. Compared to the blank control group, Example 1, under this combination model, showed a 43.98% increase in soil organic matter content, a 0.56-unit increase in pH (in acidified tea gardens), a 11.36% decrease in soil bulk density, a 98.63% inhibition rate of weed biomass, a 78.62% reduction in pest population, and a significant reduction in earthworm population. The quantity and microbial diversity index of the tea were significantly better than those of the blank control group and comparative examples 1-6. The weight of 100 buds with one bud and one leaf increased by 18.45%, the amino acid content in the tea increased by 8.06%, the ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acids was more coordinated, and the freshness and aroma concentration were significantly improved. The sensory score of the tea was as high as 96 points. When comparative examples 1-6 did not adopt the "autumn-sown white clover + spring-sown marigold" year-round green manure combination mode of the tea garden of this invention, the soil improvement effect and ecological regulation effect of the tea garden, as well as the yield and quality of tea, were significantly worse than those of Example 1. This invention, through specific green manure varieties, optimized spatial and temporal combinations, and standardized planting and tillage management, not only fundamentally curbs soil erosion, improves soil quality and fertility, and reverses soil degradation trends, but also provides a stable habitat and food chain foundation for soil microorganisms and arthropods. Utilizing the root systems and stems of white clover and marigolds, this invention achieves an inhibition rate of over 80% against noxious weeds such as foxtail grass, bermudagrass, goosegrass, and crabgrass. Simultaneously, marigold roots secrete substances such as α-trithiophene, which have insect-repelling and nematode-suppressing effects, reducing the density of pests such as tea green leafhoppers and aphids by 40-50%, and the density of root-knot nematodes by 25-35%. It also provides protection against ladybugs, lacewings, and parasitic wasps. The invention provides nectar sources and habitats for natural enemies of pests. After intercropping with green manure in summer and returning it to the field by plowing in winter, the decomposition rate is approximately 60%, and the cumulative release rates of potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus are approximately 80%, 75%, and 50%, respectively. This provides tea gardens with a large amount of organic matter and nutrients, thereby increasing tea yield and quality. The total amount of tea polyphenols and amino acids in the tea is also enhanced, and bitterness is reduced. Furthermore, through specific summer and winter green manure intercropping patterns, this invention can provide cooling and reduce soil moisture evaporation in summer, mitigating the occurrence of high-temperature drought damage to tea trees. In winter, it can increase soil temperature by 0.6-6℃, reducing the frost damage rate of tea trees. This invention simultaneously achieves multiple objectives such as soil improvement, weed control, pest reduction, and quality enhancement.

[0042] Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Intercropping with winter green manure (1) Land preparation After the autumnal equinox in the first year, when the soil moisture is suitable, the summer green manure crushing, turning, trenching and application of base fertilizer and the winter green manure sowing pre-land preparation are completed simultaneously by hand or by using a small tea garden micro-tiller between the tea garden rows. The turning depth is 15 cm to 20 cm. (2) Sowing After completing the synchronous plowing, application of base fertilizer, and land preparation, sow winter green manure within 1-3 days. The sowing rate of winter green manure is 1.5-2.0 kg / mu. (3) Field management ① Drought prevention: After sowing green manure in winter, irrigate in time if drought occurs; the irrigation requirement is to replenish water to 80% to 90% of field capacity; ②Weed removal: In mid-to-late February of the following year, in conjunction with the application of fertilizer to promote bud growth in the tea garden, manually remove noxious weeds other than green manure grass seeds; ③ Turning and pressing: From late April to early May of the following year, after the spring tea production is completed, the tea garden is simultaneously cultivated and fertilized for the second time. Winter green manure is turned and pressed, with a turning and pressing depth of 15 cm to 20 cm. S2, Intercropping with summer green manure (1) Land preparation Intercropping with summer green manure and winter green manure plowing are carried out simultaneously to achieve seamless connection in terms of time and procedures. The land preparation requires ensuring that the fresh grass of winter green manure is buried in the soil, and breaking up and leveling the soil after plowing to form a relatively loose and flat seedbed. (2) Sowing After completing synchronous plowing, inter-row cultivation, topdressing and land preparation, summer green manure sowing should be completed within 1 to 3 days, with a sowing rate of 2.0 to 4.0 kg / mu. (3) Field management ① Drainage and drought relief: During the plum rain season, ensure smooth drainage in the tea garden to prevent water accumulation from causing the green manure to rot. During the summer drought, irrigate in the early morning or evening to replenish water. The drought prevention method is the same as step S1. ②Weed removal: During the seedling stage of green manure in summer, weeds should be removed manually once or twice, depending on the growth of other weeds, so as to remove them early and when they are small; ③ Pest and disease control: Control pests and diseases in a timely manner according to their occurrence, and maintain ventilation and light penetration inside the tea garden and green manure layer; ④ Turning and compacting: In late September of the second year, in conjunction with deep plowing and application of base fertilizer in the tea garden, the summer green manure is turned and compacted back into the field, and at the same time, the land is prepared to start a new round of winter green manure intercropping, forming a complete year-round closed loop.

2. The year-round green manure intercropping method for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The summer green manure is marigold; the winter green manure is white clover.

3. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compaction depth in steps S1 and S2 is 18 cm.

4. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, winter green manure is sown before the first frost; in step S2, summer green manure is sown between Grain Rain and Grain Full.

5. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing rate for winter green manure is 1.8 kg / mu; the sowing rate for summer green manure is 3.0 kg / mu.

6. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation water quality in steps S1 and S2 meets the GB 5084 standard for farmland irrigation water quality.

7. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing method for winter and summer green manure is to sow evenly between the tea rows.

8. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation method is implemented continuously for 3 years or more.

9. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the principle of pest and disease control is prevention first, and the use of pesticides shall comply with the provisions of NY / T 393 and NY / T 5197.

10. A method for year-round green manure intercropping for soil improvement and fertilization in tea gardens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seeds for winter and summer green manure are obtained through purchase or self-saving. Purchased seeds conform to GB 8080 Green Manure Seeds. For self-saved seeds, the germination conditions are as follows: according to the germination test method of GB / T 3543.4, 100 seeds are randomly selected, wrapped in damp gauze and placed at a temperature of 20℃~25℃, kept moist, and the number of germinated seeds is recorded within 5 days~7 days to calculate the germination rate; the germination rate is ≥80%. Before soaking, the seeds are sun-dried for 1 day~2 days, soaked in room temperature water for 6 hours~12 hours, drained of excess water, and stored in a ventilated, dark place at a temperature of 20℃~25℃ for later use.

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