Naturally similar biological wastewater treatment plant

Abstract

This utility model relates to wastewater treatment and biotechnology, specifically to nature-like biological treatment systems utilizing food chains and controlled hydrodynamic processes. The system is designed for deep biological treatment of domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastewater while simultaneously suppressing cyanobacterial blooms and promoting a sustainable aquatic ecosystem. The system includes an algae pond, a crustacean pond, and a fish pond, all located sequentially along the wastewater flow. A distinctive feature is the automated control system, capable of numerically calculating the hydrodynamic parameters of the flow based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the advection-diffusion-reaction equation. The resulting calculated data are used to regulate hydraulic regimes, flows, and recirculation in each pond, providing optimal conditions for the biological processing of pollutants, the growth of microalgae, and the development of zooplankton and fish. The technical result is increased efficiency of biological wastewater treatment, reduced concentrations of nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds, decreased likelihood of cyanobacterial blooms, reduced energy costs by utilizing the photosynthetic activity of microalgae, and the creation of a sustainable, self-regulating aquatic ecosystem. An additional benefit is the ability to convert excess biomass into valuable protein and feed products. The utility model can be applied to urban facilities, agricultural complexes, processing plants, and in the reconstruction of existing sludge ponds into natural-like wetland systems.