A coal mining deep sink fracture simulation device, simulation system and simulation method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a coal mining deep ground fissure simulation device, a simulation system and a simulation method. The coal mining deep ground fissure simulation device comprises a transparent shell and a deformation simulation device. The transparent shell comprises a first plate, a second plate, a third plate and a fourth plate, and the first plate, the third plate, the second plate and the fourth plate are sequentially connected in the first place to form a first containing cavity. The deformation simulation device comprises a support, a first plate, a second plate and a first motor, the support is connected with the transparent shell along a third direction, the first plate, the second plate and the first motor are arranged in the first containing cavity, the first plate and the second plate are hinged and connected with the support, and the first motor is arranged at the connection position of the first plate and the second plate on the support. The coal mining deep ground fissure simulation device of the present disclosure is characterized in that the first plate and the second plate are rotated, so that the experimental soil is deformed, thereby simulating the soil fissure of the coal mining deep ground, and the experimental soil fissure condition can be directly observed through the transparent shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of mining environmental geology technology, specifically to a coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation device, simulation system, and simulation method. Background Technology

[0002] In existing underground coal mining methods, the original mechanical equilibrium of the surrounding rock mass is disrupted after coal is extracted, causing the rock strata to move, deform, and break down. When the mining area reaches a certain size, this movement and damage will affect the surface, forming surface shift basins, creating ground fissures and subsidence pits, and disrupting the original surface morphology. Compared to large fissures, the number of micro-fissures and hidden fissures in subsidence areas is far greater. The existence of these fissures may affect the near-surface water cycle in the subsidence area. Due to the concealed nature of micro-fissures and hidden fissures, current research on them is not in-depth. Furthermore, the fragile morphology of micro-fissures and hidden fissures presents many difficulties in the research process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a coal mining subsidence ground fissure simulation device, simulation system and simulation method, which at least partially solves the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] This disclosure provides a coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device, including a transparent shell and a deformation simulation device. The transparent shell includes a first plate and a second plate spaced apart along a first direction, and a third plate and a fourth plate spaced apart along a second direction. The first plate, third plate, second plate, and fourth plate are sequentially connected end-to-end to form a first receiving cavity. The deformation simulation device includes a support, a first plate, a second plate, and a first motor. The support is connected to the transparent shell along a third direction. The first plate, the second plate, and the first motor are all disposed within the first receiving cavity. The first plate and the second plate are hinged and both are connected to the support. The first motor is disposed on the support at the connection between the first plate and the second plate, and the first motor is used to control the rotation of the first plate and the second plate.

[0005] According to a specific implementation of the first aspect of the present disclosure, both the first and second plates include a plurality of sequentially arranged and hinged sub-plates. A second motor is provided between each pair of adjacent sub-plates. The second motor is used to control the rotation of the sub-plates so that each sub-plate has the same rotation angle as the first and second plates as a whole.

[0006] According to a specific implementation of the first aspect of this disclosure, the coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device further includes two smooth pads, which are respectively attached to the inner sides of the first plate and the second plate.

[0007] According to a specific implementation of the first aspect of this disclosure, along a third direction, the size of the smooth pad is larger than the size of the transparent shell.

[0008] According to a specific implementation of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the deformation simulation device further includes two baffles and two third motors. The two baffles and the two second motors are all disposed in the first receiving cavity. The two baffles are respectively disposed at the ends of the first plate away from the second plate and the ends of the second plate away from the first plate. The two third motors are respectively connected to the two baffles. The third motors are used to control the rotation of the baffles so that the baffles always extend in a third direction.

[0009] According to a specific implementation of the first aspect of this disclosure, the included angle between the first presenting plate and the second presenting plate is 150°~180°.

[0010] The second aspect of this disclosure provides a coal mining subsidence fissure simulation system, including a control system and any of the coal mining subsidence fissure simulation devices described in the first aspect, wherein the control system is used to control the deformation simulation device.

[0011] The third aspect of this disclosure provides a method for simulating deep subsidence ground fissures in coal mining, comprising the following steps:

[0012] The coal mining subsidence ground fissure simulation system described in the second aspect of the above embodiment;

[0013] The deformation simulation device is controlled to operate until the first plate and the second plate are set at a first angle, which is greater than 150° and less than 180°.

[0014] The experimental soil was filled into the transparent shell;

[0015] The deformation simulation device is controlled to operate until the first and second plates are set at a second angle of 180°.

[0016] The development and progression of soil fissures were observed using a transparent shell.

[0017] According to a specific implementation of a third aspect of this disclosure, after the deformation simulation device is operated to the point where the first and second plates are set at a first angle, and before the experimental soil is filled into the transparent shell, the method further includes:

[0018] Two smooth pads are attached to the inside of the first plate and the second plate, respectively;

[0019] After the experimental soil is filled into the transparent shell, and before the deformation simulation device is operated until the first and second plates are set at a second angle, the following steps are also included:

[0020] Two smooth pads were removed from between the transparent shell and the experimental soil.

[0021] According to a specific implementation of a third aspect of this disclosure, after filling the transparent shell with experimental soil and before removing the two smooth pads from between the transparent shell and the experimental soil, the method further includes:

[0022] The soil was left to stand for a certain period of time to allow the moisture in the experimental soil to evaporate to the preset state.

[0023] The coal mining subsidence area fissure simulation device in this embodiment includes a transparent shell and a deformation simulation device. The transparent shell includes a first plate and a second plate spaced apart along a first direction, and a third plate and a fourth plate spaced apart along a second direction. The first, third, second, and fourth plates are sequentially connected end-to-end to form a first receiving cavity. The deformation simulation device includes a support, a first plate, a second plate, and a first motor. The support is connected to the transparent shell along a third direction. The first plate, the second plate, and the first motor are all located within the first receiving cavity. The first and second plates are hinged and connected to the support. The first motor is located at the connection point between the first and second plates on the support and is used to control the rotation of the first and second plates. The coal mining subsidence area fissure simulation device provided in this disclosure includes a deformation simulation device. The first and second plates can rotate under the control of the first motor, pushing the experimental soil within the simulation device, causing the experimental soil to deform, thereby simulating soil fissures in coal mining subsidence areas. The development and growth of the experimental soil fissures can be directly observed through the transparent shell, providing an equipment basis for studying the morphology and environmental impact of soil fissures in coal mining subsidence areas. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the coal mining subsidence ground fissure simulation device under one state, as provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the coal mining subsidence ground fissure simulation device under another state, as provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for simulating ground fissures in coal mining, provided as an embodiment of the third aspect of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 10. Coal Mining Deep Subsidence Fissure Simulation Device; 1. Transparent Shell; 11. First Plate; 12. Second Plate; 13. Third Plate; 14. Fourth Plate; 21. Support; 22. First Presenting Plate; 221. Sub-Presenting Plate; 23. Second Presenting Plate; 24. First Motor; 25. Second Motor; 26. Smooth Gasket; 27. Baffle; 28. Third Motor; X, First Direction; Y, Second Direction; Z, Third Direction. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this disclosure from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. This disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0032] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0033] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this disclosure. The drawings only show the components related to this disclosure and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0034] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0035] In existing underground coal mining methods, the original mechanical equilibrium of the surrounding rock mass is disrupted after coal is extracted, causing rock strata to move, deform, and break down. When the mining area reaches a certain size, this movement and damage will affect the surface. Coal mining subsidence deforms the surface, forming surface movement basins, creating ground fissures and sinkholes, and destroying the original surface morphology. Changes in surface slope alter runoff; steeper slopes result in larger runoff volumes, leading to more severe soil erosion and water loss. The formation of surface fissures allows surface water and groundwater to seep deeper, lowering the groundwater level, reducing soil moisture, and making the land drier. Simultaneously, nutrients in the soil flow into the mined-out areas or depressions through fissures and surface runoff, causing nutrient shortages in many areas and reducing soil bearing capacity. Furthermore, when the subsidence depth exceeds the groundwater level in the area, the land becomes flooded and waterlogged year-round. Land on the subsidence slopes is prone to salinization, leading to soil degradation. Large-scale ground subsidence affects plant growth and development, and can even lead to a significant reduction in green vegetation.

[0036] In summary, coal mining subsidence fissures can cause significant soil moisture loss, thereby threatening the ecological security of the subsidence area. Compared to large fissures, the number of micro-fissures and hidden fissures in subsidence areas is far greater, and their presence may affect the near-surface water cycle in the subsidence area. Due to the concealed nature of micro-fissures and hidden fissures, current research on them is not in-depth, and their fragile morphology presents many difficulties in the research process.

[0037] To address the aforementioned problems, this disclosure provides a coal mining subsidence ground fissure simulation device, simulation system, and simulation method. The embodiments of this disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The first aspect of this disclosure provides a coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device 10, including a transparent shell 1 and a deformation simulation device. The transparent shell 1 includes a first plate 11 and a second plate 12 spaced apart along a first direction X, and a third plate 13 and a fourth plate 14 spaced apart along a second direction Y. The first plate 11, the third plate 13, the second plate 12, and the fourth plate 14 are sequentially connected end-to-end to form a first receiving cavity. The deformation simulation device includes a support 21, a first plate 22, a second plate 23, and a first motor 24. The support 21 is connected to the transparent shell 1 along a third direction Z. The first plate 22, the second plate 23, and the first motor 24 are all disposed within the first receiving cavity. The first plate 22 and the second plate 23 are hinged and both are connected to the support 21. The first motor 24 is disposed on the support 21 at the connection between the first plate 22 and the second plate 23, and the first motor 24 is used to control the rotation of the first plate 22 and the second plate 23. Optionally, the transparent shell 1 is made of 1cm thick organic plastic glass, with internal dimensions of 800mm × 200mm × 600mm. The bracket 21 is made of stainless steel angle iron, with dimensions of 800mm × 200mm × 100mm. The first and second plates 22 and 23 are made of stainless steel angle iron and stainless steel plate, respectively, with dimensions of 398mm × 194mm. Optionally, the included angle between the first and second plates 22 and 23 is 150° to 180°.

[0039] The coal mining subsidence area fissure simulation device 10 provided in this disclosure is equipped with a deformation simulation device. The first plate 22 and the second plate 23 can rotate and push the experimental soil in the simulation device under the control of the first motor 24, so that the experimental soil deforms, thereby simulating the soil fissures in the coal mining subsidence area. The development and development of the experimental soil fissures can be directly observed through the transparent shell 1, providing an equipment basis for studying the morphology and environmental impact of soil fissures in the coal mining subsidence area.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, both the first presenting plate 22 and the second presenting plate 23 include multiple sequentially arranged and hinged sub-presenting plates 221. A second motor 25 is provided between each adjacent pair of sub-presenting plates 221. The second motor 25 controls the rotation of the sub-presenting plates 221 so that each sub-presenting plate 221 has the same rotation angle as the first presenting plate 22 and the second presenting plate 23 as a whole. Optionally, both the first presenting plate 22 and the second presenting plate 23 include four sub-presenting plates 221. It should be understood that, to ensure that each sub-presenting plate 221 has the same rotation angle as the first presenting plate 22 and the second presenting plate 23 as a whole, the second motor 25 rotates 1° for every 2° rotation of the first motor 24. By dividing the first presenting plate 22 and the second presenting plate 23 into multiple sub-presenting plates 221, the large deformation of the experimental soil can be decomposed into multiple smaller deformations, which is beneficial for simulating the continuous micro-deformation of coal mining subsidence areas and provides an equipment basis for the study of micro-fractures.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, the coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device 10 further includes two smooth pads 26, which are respectively attached to the inner sides of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. By setting the smooth pads 26, before filling the transparent shell 1 with experimental soil, the two smooth pads 26 are attached to the inner sides of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. After filling with experimental soil, the two smooth pads 26 are removed, so that the experimental soil does not directly contact the first plate 11 and the second plate 12, eliminating the friction between the experimental soil and the first plate 11 and the second plate 12, thereby eliminating the influence of friction on the occurrence and development of soil fissures. Optionally, along the third direction Z, the size of the smooth pad 26 is larger than the size of the transparent shell 1, so as to facilitate the removal of the smooth pad 26 after filling with experimental soil. Optionally, the smooth pad 26 is a smooth and tough PVC plastic sheet with a size of 798mm × 650mm and a thickness of 2mm.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the deformation simulation device further includes two baffles 27 and two third motors 28. The two baffles 27 and two second motors 28 are all disposed within the first receiving cavity. The two baffles 27 are respectively located at the ends of the first plate 22 away from the second plate 23, and at the ends of the second plate 23 away from the first plate 22. The two third motors 28 are respectively connected to the two baffles 27, and are used to control the rotation of the baffles 27 so that the baffles 27 always extend along the third direction Z. It should be understood that, to ensure that the baffles 27 always extend along the third direction Z, for every 2° rotation of the first motor 24, the third motor 28 rotates by 1°. Setting the baffles 27 and ensuring that the baffles 27 always extend along the third direction Z can maintain the experimental soil boundary conditions unchanged, while also providing sufficient space for the rotation of the first plate 22 and the second plate 23.

[0043] The second aspect of this disclosure provides a coal mining subsidence fissure simulation system, including a control system and any of the coal mining subsidence fissure simulation devices 10 described in the first aspect of the disclosure. The control system is used to control the deformation simulation device. The groundwater level detection system of the second aspect of this disclosure includes the coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device 10 provided in the first aspect of the disclosure, and has all the beneficial effects of the coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device 10 provided in the first aspect of the disclosure. To avoid repetition, these effects will not be repeated here.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 3 The third aspect of this disclosure provides a method for simulating deep subsidence ground fissures in coal mining, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. The coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation system of the second aspect embodiment mentioned above;

[0046] S2. Control the deformation simulation device to run until the first plate 22 and the second plate 23 are set at a first angle, the first angle being greater than 150° and less than 180°.

[0047] S3. Fill the transparent shell 1 with the experimental soil.

[0048] S4. Control the deformation simulation device to run until the first plate 22 and the second plate 23 are set at a second angle of 180°.

[0049] S5. Observe the development and growth of soil fissures through the transparent shell 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the included angle between the first forming plate 22 and the second forming plate 23 ranges from less than 180° to 180°. Figure 1 As shown Figure 2 (As shown), instead of from 180° to greater than 180°, this avoids the component of gravity in the inclined direction causing the microcracks to close, which is beneficial for observing the process of microcrack formation and development.

[0051] In some alternative embodiments, after S2 and before S3, the method further includes: S6, attaching two smooth pads 26 to the inner sides of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 respectively; after S3 and before S4, the method further includes: S7, removing the two smooth pads 26 from between the transparent shell 1 and the experimental soil.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, after S3 and before S7, the method further includes: S8, allowing the experimental soil to stand for a certain period of time to allow the moisture to evaporate to a preset state. Allowing the soil to stand for a certain period of time serves two purposes: firstly, it allows the experimental soil to stabilize and solidify, making the smooth pad 26 easier to remove; secondly, after standing, some of the surface moisture in the experimental soil evaporates, which better reflects the soil conditions of a coal mining subsidence area.

[0053] Furthermore, the third aspect of this disclosure adopts the coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation device 10 provided in the first aspect of the aforementioned embodiment, and has all the beneficial effects of the coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation device 10 provided in the first aspect of the aforementioned embodiment. To avoid repetition, the beneficial effects already described will not be repeated here.

[0054] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for simulating deep subsidence ground fissures in coal mining, characterized in that, include: A transparent shell includes a first plate and a second plate spaced apart along a first direction, and a third plate and a fourth plate spaced apart along a second direction. The first plate, the third plate, the second plate and the fourth plate are connected end to end in sequence to form a first receiving cavity. The deformation simulation device includes a support, a first plate, a second plate, and a first motor. The support is connected to the transparent shell along a third direction. The first plate, the second plate, and the first motor are all disposed in the first receiving cavity. The first plate and the second plate are hinged and both are connected to the support. The first motor is disposed on the support at the connection between the first plate and the second plate. The first motor is used to control the rotation of the first plate and the second plate.

2. The coal mining subsidence fracture modeling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, Both the first and second plates include multiple sequentially arranged and hinged sub-plates. A second motor is provided between each pair of adjacent sub-plates. The second motor is used to control the rotation of the sub-plates so that each sub-plate has the same rotation angle as the first and second plates as a whole.

3. The coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device also includes two smooth pads, which are respectively attached to the inner sides of the first plate and the second plate.

4. The coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along a third direction, the size of the smooth pad is larger than the size of the transparent shell.

5. The coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation simulation device further includes two baffles and two third motors. The two baffles and the two second motors are all located in the first receiving cavity. The two baffles are located at the ends of the first plate away from the second plate and the ends of the second plate away from the first plate. The two third motors are respectively connected to the two baffles. The third motors are used to control the rotation of the baffles so that the baffles always extend in a third direction.

6. The coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the first plate and the second plate is 150°~180°.

7. A coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation system, characterized in that, include: The control system and the coal mining subsidence fissure simulation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control system is used to control the deformation simulation device.

8. A method for simulating deep subsidence ground fissures in coal mining, characterized in that, include: Take the coal mining deep subsidence ground fissure simulation system as described in claim 7; The deformation simulation device is controlled to operate until the first plate and the second plate are set at a first angle, where the first angle is greater than 150° and less than 180°. The experimental soil was filled into the transparent shell; The deformation simulation device is controlled to operate until the first plate and the second plate are set at a second angle, the second angle being 180°; The development and progression of soil fissures were observed through the transparent shell.

9. The method for simulating deep coal mining subsidence fissures according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the controlled deformation simulation device operates to the point where the first and second plates are set at a first angle, and before the experimental soil is filled into the transparent shell, the method further includes: Two smooth pads are respectively attached to the inner sides of the first plate and the second plate; After the experimental soil is filled into the transparent shell, and before the controlled deformation simulation device is operated to the point where the first and second plates are set at a second angle, the method further includes: The two smooth pads are removed from between the transparent shell and the experimental soil.

10. The method for simulating deep coal mining subsidence fissures according to claim 9, characterized in that, After the experimental soil is filled into the transparent shell, and before the two smooth pads are removed from between the transparent shell and the experimental soil, the method further includes: The soil was left to stand for a certain period of time to allow the moisture in the experimental soil to evaporate to the preset state.

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