A cutting method and device for tea trees in alpine mountainous areas

Abstract

The application discloses a high-cold mountainous area tea tree cutting method and device, and belongs to the field of tea tree cutting. The high-cold mountainous area tea tree cutting method and device comprises a cylinder body, the bottom end of the cylinder body is arranged to be inclined, a vertical plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the cylinder body, a connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical plate, the connecting cylinder is connected to the bottom of an adjusting assembly, a fixing ring is slidably connected to the outer side of the cylinder body, a plurality of elastic plates are fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring, the elastic plates are evenly distributed on the fixing ring, the elastic plates are elastic, the bottom inclined structure is used to cut into the soil layer with a small contact area in the frozen soil and hard soil environment of the high-cold mountainous area, the soil resistance is reduced, the cylinder body bottom end is prevented from colliding with the hard soil to cause deflection or jam, the cylinder body bottom inclined surface is smoothly withdrawn along the soil inclined surface during the upward withdrawal of the cylinder body, the scraping and adsorption of the cylinder body and the seedling hole wall are effectively reduced, and the negative pressure generated during the withdrawal of the cylinder body is prevented from causing hole collapse, soil carrying or seedling pulling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and apparatus for tea tree cutting propagation in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas, and pertains to the field of tea tree cutting propagation. Background Technology

[0002] Tea trees are an important economic crop in my country and have wide planting and promotion value in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas. High-altitude and cold mountainous areas have high altitude, low temperature, large temperature difference between day and night, and frequent frost. Conventional tea seedling cultivation has a low survival rate. Cutting propagation has become the preferred technology for large-scale tea seedling cultivation because it can maintain the excellent traits of the parent plant, has a short seedling cycle, and produces seedlings quickly.

[0003] The soil-penetrating components of existing cutting propagation equipment are mostly flat structures, with a large contact area with frozen soil and high resistance to breaking through the soil. This can easily lead to problems such as tilting, jamming, or even deformation of the components. Furthermore, the vertical extraction of the cylinder can easily generate negative pressure during extraction, causing problems such as soil residue, hole collapse, and seedling uprooting. At the same time, the cylinder lacks precise guidance and limiting mechanisms during the cutting process, resulting in unstable cylinder trajectory, poor consistency of planting posture, and affecting the uniformity of seedling emergence. Moreover, due to the lack of an automatic soil-gathering and seedling-fixing function, the soil at the base of the cutting is loose, with weak heat and water retention capacity, making it difficult to withstand the low temperatures and frost damage in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses a method for tea tree cutting propagation in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Tea tree selection: Select semi-lignified branches from 3-5 year old cold-resistant and excellent mother trees. Collect healthy semi-lignified reddish-brown branches and prune them into one-bud-one-leaf cuttings. Cut the upper end horizontally and the lower end obliquely into a horseshoe shape.

[0006] S2. Seedbed selection: Choose a site that is sheltered from the wind, sunny, well-drained, and avoids windy areas and low-lying frost-prone areas. Deeply cultivate the land to make high ridges, which can increase the soil temperature and prevent water accumulation and root freezing.

[0007] S3. Tea tree cuttings: Place the cuttings into the cutting tube, insert the equipment vertically into the soil, stop downwards after reaching a certain depth, then move the whole machine forward, so that the cuttings tilt synchronously with the equipment, and then tilt the cutting tube upwards and pull it out.

[0008] S4. Heat preservation and moisture retention: A double-layered small arched shed is constructed. The inner layer is covered with ground film to increase the ground temperature, while the outer layer is covered with shade netting and heat preservation film to prevent wind, frost, and light. At the same time, the relative humidity inside the shed is maintained through an intermittent micro-spraying system, which is suitable for the environment of large temperature difference between day and night and frequent low temperatures in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0009] In step S1, select semi-lignified branches from the upper part of the mother tree, on the sunny side. The identification criteria are that the branches are reddish-brown or red and white in color, tough in texture and not easy to break. Use sharp pruning shears to cut at an angle, making a smooth cut to avoid tearing the bark of the branches. After collection, immediately place them in an insulated basket lined with moist non-woven fabric, and cover the mouth of the basket with plastic wrap to prevent the scions from losing water and being subjected to cold shock.

[0010] In step S2, weeds, stones, dead branches and fallen leaves are first cleared from the selected plot. A deep tillage machine is used to plow the plot, breaking up the plow pan and improving soil aeration. At the same time, the deep soil is turned to the surface and sterilized by sun exposure. After deep plowing, well-rotted organic fertilizer is evenly spread. After fertilization, a rotary tiller is used to fully mix the fertilizer with the soil to ensure that the fertilizer is evenly distributed and to improve soil fertility.

[0011] Based on a method for propagating tea trees by cuttings in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas, a device for propagating tea trees by cuttings in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas is proposed, comprising:

[0012] The frame has a support frame fixedly connected to its end. An adjustment component is fixedly connected to the outside of the support frame. A connector is fixedly connected to the side of the support frame away from the adjustment component. The connector is used to connect the drive device. A limit component is fixedly connected inside the frame.

[0013] A guide assembly is installed at the bottom of the adjustment assembly;

[0014] The guiding component includes a cylindrical body with an inclined bottom. In high-altitude, cold, frozen, and hard soil environments, the inclined bottom structure cuts into the soil layer with a smaller contact area, reducing soil penetration resistance and preventing the bottom of the cylinder from hitting the hard soil and causing deflection or jamming. During the upward lifting of the cylinder, the inclined bottom surface of the cylinder smoothly exits along the slope of the soil, effectively reducing scraping and adhesion between the cylinder and the seedling hole wall, and preventing negative pressure during lifting that could lead to hole collapse, soil removal, or seedling uprooting. Simultaneously, the internal conical structure of the cylinder, along with external vertical plates and spring plates, further improves the smoothness of soil removal. Multiple vertical plates are fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder, evenly distributed on the outside. A flexible clamping structure inside the cylinder ensures stable positioning of the cuttings, and the vertical plate separation structure reduces the contact between the cylinder and the soil. The contact area and adhesion force of the frozen soil are controlled by a fixing ring and a spring plate to limit soil entry and assist in soil removal, effectively preventing problems such as soil removal from the tube, collapse of the seedling hole, and uprooting of the cuttings, thus improving planting stability. The mechanical linkage between the extension rod and the arc groove enables integrated posture conversion between vertical soil entry, inclined planting, and inclined tube extraction. The limiting component completes the trajectory constraint throughout the process, ensuring that the cuttings are planted in a stable inclined posture on the seedbed. A connecting tube is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical plate, and the connecting tube is connected to the bottom of the adjusting component. The connecting tube and the middle plate are rotatably connected. An extension plate is rotatably connected to the outside of the connecting tube. An extension rod is fixedly connected to the end of the extension plate away from the connecting tube. The extension rod is located inside the arc groove. The extension plate is symmetrically arranged around the extension rod. A fixing ring is slidably connected to the outside of the tube. The top of the fixed ring is fixedly connected to multiple elastic plates, which are evenly distributed on the fixed ring. These elastic plates are flexible. The fixed ring and vertical plates are slidably connected. Multiple vertical plates on the outside of the cylinder significantly reduce the contact area with frozen soil. The fixed ring and elastic plates assist in removing soil, preventing soil from being pulled from the cylinder, hole collapse, and seedling uprooting. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the outer side of the vertical plate near the connecting cylinder end. The inside of the cylinder is conical, employing a conical guide structure with a gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom. When the cutting is inserted, the conical slope automatically guides and naturally straightens the cutting, allowing it to quickly fall to the center of the cylinder and maintain an upright posture, preventing the cutting from shifting, tilting, or sticking to the wall. The conical opening provides self-adaptive restraint for the base of the cutting, preventing shaking, falling off, or misalignment during planting. The conical inner wall reduces the frictional contact area with the cuttings when the cylinder is tilted during extraction, preventing scratches or tears to the cutting's surface or buds, thus reducing the damage rate. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder; this plate is elastic. An annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder near the limit plate, with a fixed rod slidably connected to its inner wall. One end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to a contact plate, which is tilted away from the fixed rod. A bent plate is located inside the annular groove, with both ends fixedly connected to the fixed rod and the inner wall of the groove, respectively. A fixing ring is located at the top of the groove. The guide assembly, in conjunction with the adjustment and limit components, automatically converts the cutting from vertical insertion to tilted planting, eliminating the need for additional drive components, simplifying the overall structure, and reducing the failure rate.This ensures uniformity in cutting depth, tilt angle, and planting posture, thereby improving the standardization, efficiency, and seedling survival rate of tea tree cuttings in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly connected to the support frame. A motor is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate, and a circular block is rotatably connected to the side of the fixed plate away from the motor. The motor is powered by an external power source and drives the circular block to rotate. The connecting block moves eccentrically, pulling the annular frame, positioning column, and slider vertically downward along the guide rail via a connecting rod. The L-shaped plate and the middle plate press down synchronously, driving the guide component to vertically enter the soil. After pressing down to a certain position, the slider stops descending, and the soil depth reaches the set value, completing the insertion of the scion. The circular block is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a connecting block is fixedly connected to the edge of the circular block's end face. A guide rail is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed plate away from the circular block, and a slider is slidably connected inside the guide rail. A positioning post is fixedly connected to the outer side of the track. A ring frame is slidably connected to the outer side of the positioning post. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting block. The end of the connecting rod away from the connecting block is fixedly connected to the end of the ring frame away from the positioning post. An L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider. An intermediate plate is fixedly connected inside the L-shaped plate. There are multiple intermediate plates, which are evenly arranged on the L-shaped plate. An arc groove is opened on the outer side of the intermediate plate. The arc groove is a fixed trajectory, so that the tilt angle and tilt direction of each cutting are completely uniform, the planting is standardized and neat, and the seedling uniformity and survival rate are improved. At the same time, the friction and impact of movement are reduced, the operational stability and operation accuracy of the device in the permafrost environment of high-altitude cold mountainous areas are improved, the failure rate is reduced, and the cutting survival rate and seedling quality are improved.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a ring plate, with two intermediate rods fixedly connected to its outer side. These two intermediate rods are symmetrically arranged around the ring plate, with the end of the intermediate rod furthest from the ring plate fixedly connected to the frame. The ring plate is fixed to the frame via the intermediate rods, forming a stable central limiting frame. Two arc plates are provided at the top of the ring plate; one arc plate is fixedly installed at the end of the ring plate, and the other arc plate is slidably connected to the ring plate. One arc plate is fixed, and the other is slidable. An elastic plate provides elastic clamping force on the inner side, allowing it to adapt to the insertion and tilting movements of the cylinder, always adhering to the outer wall of the vertical plate to maintain guiding accuracy. The vertical plate of the guiding component enters the groove of the limiting component, and the arc plate automatically clamps the vertical plate under the action of the elastic plate, completing the initial centering of the cylinder and ensuring a vertical state. This adapts to the angle changes during the insertion, tilting, and extraction of the cylinder, preventing jamming and hard-hitting, allowing the entire machine to move forward and the cylinder to tilt forward. When tilted, the vertical plate moves along the arc-shaped trajectory of the curved plate. The groove restricts left and right deviations, and the elastic plate adaptively opens at a certain angle to ensure a stable and consistent tilt angle. The inner wall of the ring plate has an elastic plate, and the end of the elastic plate away from the ring plate is fixedly connected to the curved plate. The inner wall of the curved plate has a groove. The ring plate and the curved plate provide rigid limits to ensure uniform cutting angle and depth. The elastic plate provides flexible buffering to absorb the impact of frozen soil and equipment vibration, protecting the components. The vertical plate is located inside the groove. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the ring plate near the elastic plate. An inclined plate is fixedly connected to the end of the guide plate. There are two guide plates, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of one end of the ring plate. By setting the guide plates and inclined plates, during the process of the cylinder entering the soil and pulling out the cylinder, the soil around the cylinder moves towards the center and is compacted through the guiding action of the inclined plates. This achieves automatic soil covering and seedling fixation at the base of the cutting, effectively preventing the seedling hole from collapsing and the cutting roots from being exposed, and improving the stability and survival rate of cuttings in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0017] Furthermore, the connector includes a block, which is fixedly connected to the support frame. The block has an inner cavity and a through hole on its outer side, which is perpendicular to the inner cavity. A locking block is slidably connected inside the through hole. The connecting part of the drive device is placed inside the through groove of the locking block and fixed by fasteners, bolts, and nuts. When the drive device stops suddenly, the entire device generates a huge inertial impact. At this time, the locking block slides along the through hole and compresses the spring. The elasticity of the spring absorbs and buffers the instantaneous impact, preventing the rigid connection part from breaking or deforming due to stress concentration. After the impact, the spring rebounds and drives the locking block to automatically reset, restoring a stable connection state. The through hole completely penetrates the block. One end of the locking block has a through groove, which is trapezoidal. The through groove guides and limits the drive connection plate, ensuring quick installation, tight fit, and no shaking during operation, thus improving insertion consistency. A spring is fixedly connected to the side of the locking block away from the through groove, and the spring is fixedly connected to the block away from the locking block.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (I) The method and device for tea tree cutting in high-altitude cold mountainous areas has an inclined bottom end of the cylinder, which enables the inclined bottom structure to cut into the soil layer with a smaller contact area in the frozen soil and hard soil environment of high-altitude cold mountainous areas, reducing the resistance to soil entry and avoiding the bottom end of the cylinder from hitting the hard soil and causing deflection or jamming. During the upward pulling of the cylinder, the inclined surface of the bottom of the cylinder smoothly exits along the slope of the soil, effectively reducing the scraping and adsorption between the cylinder and the seedling hole wall, and avoiding the negative pressure generated during the pulling of the cylinder, which may cause the hole to collapse, soil to be brought in or the seedling to be pulled out.

[0020] (II) The method and device for tea tree cutting in high-altitude cold mountainous areas have multiple vertical plates evenly distributed on the outside of the cylinder. The flexible clamping structure inside the cylinder is used to achieve stable positioning of the cuttings. The vertical plate separation structure reduces the contact area and adhesion between the cylinder and the high-altitude frozen soil. The fixing ring and spring plate achieve soil insertion limit and soil removal assistance, effectively preventing problems such as soil removal from the cylinder, collapse of the seedling hole, and cutting being pulled up, thus improving the stability of planting.

[0021] (III) The method and device for tea tree cutting in high-altitude cold mountainous areas, in which the guiding component works in conjunction with the adjusting component and the limiting component to achieve automatic posture conversion from vertical planting to inclined planting, without the need for additional driving components, simplifying the overall structure of the machine and reducing the failure rate, while ensuring uniformity in cutting depth, tilt angle and planting posture, thereby improving the standardization, work efficiency and seedling survival rate of tea tree cutting in high-altitude cold mountainous areas.

[0022] (iv) The method and device for tea tree cutting in high-altitude cold mountainous areas has a cone-shaped interior and a cone-shaped guide structure with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. This allows the cone-shaped inclined surface to automatically guide and straighten the cuttings when they are placed in the tube, so that the cuttings can quickly fall to the center of the tube and maintain an upright posture, thus avoiding the cuttings from shifting, tilting or sticking to the wall. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of another side view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guiding component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the guiding component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the guide component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing ring of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a bottom view of the limiting component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connector of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the connector of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the tea tree cutting propagation method of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Support frame; 3. Limiting component; 31. Ring plate; 32. Intermediate rod; 33. Arc plate; 34. Groove; 35. Elastic plate; 36. Inclined plate; 37. Guide plate; 4. Guide component; 41. Cylinder; 42. Vertical plate; 43. Connecting cylinder; 44. Extension plate; 45. Extension rod; 46. Spring plate; 47. Fixing block; 48. Ring groove; 49. Bend plate; 410. Contact plate; 411. Fixing rod; 412. Limiting plate; 413. Fixing ring; 5. Adjusting assembly; 51. Fixing plate; 52. Motor; 53. Round block; 54. Connecting block; 55. Connecting rod; 56. Guide rail; 57. Slider; 58. Positioning post; 59. L-shaped plate; 510. Intermediate plate; 511. Arc groove; 512. Annular frame; 6. Connecting piece; 61. Square block; 62. Through hole; 63. Locking block; 64. Spring; 65. Inner cavity; 66. Through groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Example 1, as Figure 13 As shown, this embodiment discloses

[0038] A method for propagating tea trees by cuttings in high-altitude, cold mountainous areas includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Tea tree selection: Select semi-lignified branches from 3-5 year old cold-resistant and excellent mother trees. Collect healthy semi-lignified reddish-brown branches and prune them into one-bud-one-leaf cuttings. Cut the upper end horizontally and the lower end obliquely into a horseshoe shape.

[0040] S2. Seedbed selection: Choose a site that is sheltered from the wind, sunny, well-drained, and avoids windy areas and low-lying frost-prone areas. Deeply cultivate the land to make high ridges, which can increase the soil temperature and prevent water accumulation and root freezing.

[0041] S3. Tea tree cuttings: Place the cuttings into the cutting tube, insert the equipment vertically into the soil, stop downwards after reaching a certain depth, then move the whole machine forward, so that the cuttings tilt synchronously with the equipment, and then tilt the cutting tube upwards and pull it out.

[0042] S4. Heat preservation and moisture retention: A double-layered small arched shed is constructed. The inner layer is covered with ground film to increase the ground temperature, while the outer layer is covered with shade netting and heat preservation film to prevent wind, frost, and light. At the same time, the relative humidity inside the shed is maintained through an intermittent micro-spraying system, which is suitable for the environment of large temperature difference between day and night and frequent low temperatures in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0043] In step S1, select semi-lignified branches from the upper part of the mother tree, on the sunny side. The identification criteria are that the branches are reddish-brown or red and white in color, tough in texture and not easy to break. Use sharp pruning shears to cut at an angle, making a smooth cut to avoid tearing the bark of the branches. After collection, immediately place them in an insulated basket lined with moist non-woven fabric, and cover the mouth of the basket with plastic wrap to prevent the scions from losing water and being subjected to cold shock.

[0044] In step S2, weeds, stones, dead branches and fallen leaves are first cleared from the selected plot. A deep tillage machine is used to plow the plot, breaking up the plow pan and improving soil aeration. At the same time, the deep soil is turned to the surface and sterilized by sun exposure. After deep plowing, well-rotted organic fertilizer is evenly spread. After fertilization, a rotary tiller is used to fully mix the fertilizer with the soil to ensure that the fertilizer is evenly distributed and to improve soil fertility.

[0045] Example 2, based on Example 1, combined with... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment proposes a tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountain areas, based on a method for tea tree cutting propagation in such areas, comprising:

[0046] The frame 1 has a support frame 2 fixedly connected to its end. An adjustment component 5 is fixedly connected to the outside of the support frame 2. A connector 6 is fixedly connected to the side of the support frame 2 away from the adjustment component 5. The connector 6 is used to connect the drive device. A limit component 3 is fixedly connected inside the frame 1.

[0047] Guide component 4 is installed at the bottom of adjustment component 5;

[0048] The guide component 4 includes a cylinder 41 with an inclined bottom. In high-altitude, cold mountainous areas with frozen or hard soil, the inclined bottom structure cuts into the soil layer with a smaller contact area, reducing soil penetration resistance and preventing the bottom of the cylinder 41 from hitting the hard soil and causing deflection or jamming. During the upward lifting process, the inclined bottom surface of the cylinder 41 smoothly exits along the soil slope, effectively reducing the scraping and adsorption between the cylinder 41 and the seedling hole wall, and preventing negative pressure during lifting that could lead to hole collapse, soil removal, or seedling uprooting. Simultaneously, the internal conical structure of the cylinder 41, along with the external vertical plates and spring plates, further improves the smoothness of soil removal. Multiple vertical plates 42 are fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder 41, evenly distributed on the outside of the cylinder 41. A flexible clamp inside the cylinder 41 is used for this process. The structure ensures stable positioning of the cuttings. The vertical plate 42 reduces the contact area and adhesion between the cylinder 41 and the high-altitude frozen soil. The fixing ring 413 and the spring plate 46 provide soil insertion limit and soil removal assistance, effectively preventing problems such as soil removal from the cylinder, seedling hole collapse, and cutting up. This improves planting stability. The mechanical linkage between the extension rod 45 and the arc groove 511 enables integrated posture conversion between vertical soil insertion, inclined planting, and inclined cylinder removal. The limiting component 3 completes the entire trajectory constraint, ensuring the cuttings are planted in a stable inclined posture on the seedbed. A connecting cylinder 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical plate 42. The connecting cylinder 43 is connected to the bottom of the adjusting component 5. The connecting cylinder 43 and the intermediate plate 510 are rotatably connected. An extension plate 44 is rotatably connected to the outside of the connecting cylinder 43. An extension rod 45 is fixedly connected to the end away from the connecting cylinder 43. The extension rod 45 is located inside the arc groove 511. The extension plate 44 is symmetrically arranged around the extension rod 45. A fixing ring 413 is slidably connected to the outer side of the cylinder 41. A spring plate 46 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring 413. There are multiple spring plates 46, which are evenly distributed on the fixing ring 413. The spring plates 46 are elastic. The fixing ring 413 is slidably connected to the vertical plate 42. The multiple vertical plates 42 on the outer side of the cylinder 41 greatly reduce the contact area with the frozen soil. The fixing ring 413 and the spring plates 46 assist in soil removal, avoiding soil removal with the cylinder, hole collapse, and seedling uprooting. A fixing block 47 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the vertical plate 42 near the connecting cylinder 43. The interior of the cylinder 41 is conical and uses a self-adhesive design. The tapered guide structure, with its gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom, automatically centers and naturally straightens the cuttings when they are inserted, ensuring they quickly fall to the center of the cylinder 41 and remain upright. This prevents the cuttings from shifting, tilting, or sticking to the wall. The tapered opening also provides adaptive restraint for the base of the cuttings, preventing them from shaking, falling off, or becoming misaligned during insertion. Furthermore, the tapered inner wall reduces the frictional contact area with the cuttings when the cylinder 41 is tilted during insertion, preventing scratches or tears to the cutting's surface or buds, thus reducing the damage rate. A limiting plate 412 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 41. The limiting plate 412 is elastic, and an annular groove 48 is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder 41 near the limiting plate 412. A fixing rod 411 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 48.A contact plate 410 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing rod 411. The side of the contact plate 410 away from the fixing rod 411 is inclined. A bent plate 49 is provided inside the annular groove 48. The two ends of the bent plate 49 are fixedly connected to the fixing rod 411 and the inner wall of the annular groove 48, respectively. The fixing ring 413 is located at the top of the annular groove 48. The guide component 4, in coordination with the adjustment component 5 and the limiting component 3, realizes the automatic posture conversion from vertical planting to inclined planting. No additional drive components are required, simplifying the overall structure of the machine, reducing the failure rate, and ensuring uniformity in cutting depth, tilt angle, and planting posture height. This improves the standardization, operational efficiency, and seedling survival rate of tea tree cuttings in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0049] Example 3, based on Examples 1 and 2, combined with... Figures 8 to 12 It can be seen that the adjusting component 5 includes a fixed plate 51, which is fixedly connected to the support frame 2. A motor 52 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 51, and a circular block 53 is rotatably connected to the side of the fixed plate 51 away from the motor 52. The motor 52 is powered by an external power source and drives the circular block 53 to rotate. The connecting block 54 moves eccentrically, pulling the annular frame 512, positioning column 58, and slider 57 vertically downward along the guide rail through the connecting rod 55. The L-shaped plate 59 and the middle plate 510 press down synchronously, driving the guide component 4 to vertically enter the soil. After pressing down to a certain position, the slider 57 stops descending, and the soil depth reaches the set value, completing the insertion of the scion. The circular block 53 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 52, and a connecting block 54 is fixedly connected to the edge of the end face of the circular block 53. A guide rail 56 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed plate 51 away from the circular block 53, and a slider 57 is slidably connected inside the guide rail 56. A positioning post 58 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the slider 57 away from the guide rail 56. An annular frame 512 is slidably connected to the outer side of the positioning post 58. A connecting rod 55 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting block 54. One end of the connecting rod 55 away from the connecting block 54 is fixedly connected to the end of the annular frame 512 away from the positioning post 58. An L-shaped plate 59 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider 57. An intermediate plate 510 is fixedly connected inside the L-shaped plate 59. There are multiple intermediate plates 510, which are evenly arranged on the L-shaped plate 59. An arc groove 511 is opened on the outer side of the intermediate plate 510. The arc groove 511 is a fixed trajectory, so that the tilt angle and tilt direction of each cutting are completely uniform, the planting is standardized and neat, the seedling uniformity and survival rate are improved, the friction and impact of movement are reduced, the operational stability and operation accuracy of the device in the permafrost environment of high-altitude cold mountainous areas are improved, the failure rate is reduced, and the cutting survival rate and seedling quality are improved.

[0050] The limiting component 3 includes a ring plate 31. Two intermediate rods 32 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the ring plate 31, symmetrically arranged around the ring plate 31. The end of each intermediate rod 32 away from the ring plate 31 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The ring plate 31 is fixed to the frame 1 via the intermediate rods 32, forming a stable central limiting frame. Two arc plates 33 are provided on the top of the ring plate 31. One arc plate 33 is fixedly installed at the end of the ring plate 31, while the other arc plate 33 slides against the ring plate 31. The two arc plates 33 are connected, one fixed and the other sliding. An elastic plate 35 provides elastic clamping force on the inner side, allowing them to adapt to the soil entry and tilting movements of the cylinder 41. They remain in close contact with the outer wall of the vertical plate 42, maintaining guiding accuracy. The vertical plate 42 of the guide assembly 4 enters the groove 34 of the limiting assembly 3. Under the action of the elastic plate 35, the arc plate 33 automatically clamps the vertical plate 42, completing the initial centering of the cylinder and ensuring a vertical state. This adapts to the angle changes during the cylinder's soil entry, tilting, and extraction processes, preventing jamming and hardening. The entire machine moves forward, and the cylinder 41... When tilted forward, the vertical plate 42 moves along the arc-shaped trajectory of the arc plate 33. The groove 34 restricts left and right offset, and the elastic plate 35 adaptively opens at a certain angle to ensure a stable and consistent tilt angle. The inner wall of the ring plate 31 has an elastic plate 35, and the end of the elastic plate 35 away from the ring plate 31 is fixedly connected to the arc plate 33. The inner wall of the arc plate 33 has a groove 34. The ring plate 31 and the arc plate 33 provide rigid limits to ensure uniform insertion angle and depth. The elastic plate 35 provides flexible buffering to absorb the impact of frozen soil and equipment vibration, protecting components. The vertical plate 42 is located at... Inside the groove 34, a guide plate 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the ring plate 31 near the elastic plate 35. An inclined plate 36 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide plate 37. There are two guide plates 37, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of one end of the ring plate 31. By setting the guide plates and inclined plates, during the process of the cylinder entering the soil and pulling out the cylinder, the soil around the cylinder moves towards the center and is compacted by the guiding action of the inclined plates. This realizes automatic soil covering and seedling fixation at the base of the cutting, effectively preventing the seedling hole from collapsing and the cutting roots from being exposed, and improving the stability and survival rate of cuttings in high-altitude and cold mountainous areas.

[0051] The connector 6 includes a block 61, which is fixedly connected to the support frame 2. The block 61 has an inner cavity 65 and a through hole 62 on its outer side, perpendicular to the inner cavity 65. A locking block 63 is slidably connected inside the through hole 62. The connecting part of the drive device is placed inside the through slot 66 of the locking block 63 and secured with fasteners, bolts, and nuts. When the drive device stops suddenly, the entire device generates a huge inertial impact. At this time, the locking block 63 slides along the through hole 62 and compresses the spring 64. The elasticity of the spring 64 absorbs and mitigates the impact. The impact is instantaneous to prevent the rigid connection from breaking or deforming due to stress concentration. After the impact, the spring 64 rebounds and drives the locking block 63 to automatically reset, restoring a stable connection. The through hole 62 completely penetrates the block 61. One end of the locking block 63 has a through groove 66, which is trapezoidal. The through groove 66 guides and limits the drive connecting plate, ensuring quick installation, tight fit, and no shaking during operation, thus improving the consistency of insertion. The side of the locking block 63 away from the through groove 66 is fixedly connected to the spring 64, which is fixedly connected to the block 61 away from the locking block 63.

[0052] In use, the support frame 2 and frame 1 are quickly connected to the external drive device by the square block 61, the locking block 63 and the spring 64 of the connector 6. After installation, the scion is placed into the cylinder 41 of the guide assembly 4. In the initial state, under the elastic force of the bending plate 49, the fixing rod 411 is located at the bottom of the annular groove 48. At this time, the end of the fixing rod 411 away from the contact plate 410 contacts the limiting plate 412 on the inner wall of the cylinder 41, thereby flexibly clamping and positioning the base of the scion to prevent the scion from falling.

[0053] Subsequently, the motor 52 of the adjusting component 5 drives the circular block 53, the connecting block 54 and the connecting rod 55 to move. Through the transmission of the annular frame 512, the positioning column 58, the slider 57 and the guide rail 56, the L-shaped plate 59 and the middle plate 510 are driven to move up and down, thereby driving the cylinder 41 to complete the vertical soil entry action. The fixing ring 413 and the spring plate 46 on the outside of the cylinder 41 are pressed down accordingly. After the spring plate 46 contacts the soil surface, it elastically contracts, realizing soil entry limit and reducing soil disturbance.

[0054] After the cuttings are in place, the machine moves forward. The arc groove 511 on the middle plate 510 works with the extension rod 45 and the extension plate 44 to make the cylinder 41 tilt forward with the connecting cylinder 43 as the center, which drives the cuttings to tilt synchronously. Then the adjusting component 5 drives the cylinder 41 to tilt upward and pull it out. During the pulling process, the ring plate 31, arc plate 33, elastic plate 35 and groove 34 of the limiting component 3 guide and limit the vertical plate 42. The guide plate 37 and the inclined plate 36 keep the cylinder 41 moving stably, and finally make the cuttings stably planted in the seedbed in an inclined state.

Claims

1. A method for propagating tea trees by cuttings in high-altitude cold mountainous areas, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Tea tree selection: Select semi-lignified branches from 3-5 year old cold-resistant and excellent mother trees. Collect healthy semi-lignified reddish-brown branches and prune them into one-bud-one-leaf cuttings. Cut the upper end horizontally and the lower end obliquely into a horseshoe shape. S2. Seedbed selection: Choose a site that is sheltered from the wind, sunny, well-drained, and avoids windy areas and low-lying frost-prone areas. Deeply cultivate the land to make high ridges, which can increase the soil temperature and prevent water accumulation and root freezing. S3. Tea tree cuttings: Place the cuttings into the cutting tube, insert the equipment vertically into the soil, stop downwards after reaching a certain depth, then move the whole machine forward, so that the cuttings tilt synchronously with the equipment, and then tilt the cutting tube upwards and pull it out. S4. Heat preservation and moisture retention: a double-layered small arched shed is constructed. The inner layer is covered with ground film to increase the ground temperature, while the outer layer is covered with shade netting and heat preservation film to prevent wind, frost, and light. At the same time, the relative humidity inside the shed is maintained through an intermittent micro-spraying system.

2. The method for tea tree cutting propagation in high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, select semi-lignified branches from the upper part of the mother tree, on the sunny side. The identification criteria are that the branches are reddish-brown or red and white. Collect them by slanting cuts with smooth cuts to avoid tearing the bark. After collection, immediately place them in an insulated basket lined with moist non-woven fabric. Cover the basket with plastic wrap to prevent the scions from losing water and being subjected to cold shock.

3. The method for tea tree cutting propagation in high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the selected plot of land is first cleared of weeds, stones, dead branches and fallen leaves. A deep tillage machine is used to plow the plot, breaking up the plow pan and turning the deep soil to the surface. Sunlight is used to sterilize the soil. After deep plowing, organic fertilizer is evenly spread. After fertilization, a rotary tiller is used to mix the fertilizer with the soil.

4. A tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountainous areas, characterized in that, include: The frame (1) has a support frame (2) fixedly connected to its end. An adjustment component (5) is fixedly connected to the outside of the support frame (2). A connector (6) is fixedly connected to the side of the support frame (2) away from the adjustment component (5). The connector (6) is used to connect the drive device. A limit component (3) is fixedly connected inside the frame (1). A guide assembly (4) is mounted on the bottom of the adjustment assembly (5); The guide assembly (4) includes a cylinder (41) with its bottom end inclined. A vertical plate (42) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the cylinder (41), and a connecting cylinder (43) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical plate (42). The connecting cylinder (43) is connected to the bottom of the adjustment assembly (5). A fixing ring (413) is slidably connected to the outer side of the cylinder (41), and a spring plate (46) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring (413). There are multiple spring plates (46), which are evenly distributed on the fixing ring (413). The spring plates (46) are elastic.

5. The tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing block (47) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the vertical plate (42) near the connecting cylinder (43). A limiting plate (412) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (41). An annular groove (48) is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder (41) near the limiting plate (412). A fixing rod (411) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove (48). A contact plate (410) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing rod (411). A bending plate (49) is provided inside the annular groove (48).

6. The tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment component (5) includes a fixing plate (51), which is fixedly connected to the support frame (2). A motor (52) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate (51), and a circular block (53) is rotatably connected to the side of the fixing plate (51) away from the motor (52). The circular block (53) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (52), and a connecting block (54) is fixedly connected to the edge of the end face of the circular block (53).

7. The tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer side of the fixed plate (51) away from the circular block (53) is fixedly connected to a guide rail (56), the inside of the guide rail (56) is slidably connected to a slider (57), the outer side of the slider (57) away from the guide rail (56) is fixedly connected to a positioning post (58), the outer side of the positioning post (58) is slidably connected to an annular frame (512), and the outer side of the connecting block (54) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (55).

8. The tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the connecting rod (55) away from the connecting block (54) is fixedly connected to the end of the annular frame (512) away from the positioning post (58). The bottom of the slider (57) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate (59). An intermediate plate (510) is fixedly connected inside the L-shaped plate (59). There are multiple intermediate plates (510), and the multiple intermediate plates (510) are evenly arranged on the L-shaped plate (59). An arc groove (511) is opened on the outer side of the intermediate plate (510).

9. A tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting component (3) includes a ring plate (31), a middle rod (32) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the ring plate (31), an arc plate (33) is provided on the top of the ring plate (31), there are two arc plates (33), one of the arc plates (33) is fixedly installed at the end of the ring plate (31), and the other arc plate (33) is slidably connected to the ring plate (31). The inner wall of the ring plate (31) has an elastic plate (35), the end of the elastic plate (35) away from the ring plate (31) is fixedly connected to the arc plate (33), the inner wall of the arc plate (33) has a groove (34), and a guide plate (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the ring plate (31) near the elastic plate (35), and an inclined plate (36) is fixedly connected to the end of the guide plate (37).

10. A tea tree cutting propagation device for high-altitude cold mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connector (6) includes a block (61), which is fixedly connected to the support frame (2). The block (61) has an inner cavity (65) inside and a through hole (62) on the outer side. A locking block (63) is slidably connected inside the through hole (62). A through groove (66) is opened at one end of the locking block (63). A spring (64) is fixedly connected to the side of the locking block (63) away from the through groove (66).

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