Airflow system for buildings for pollution mitigation for the occupants of the building and method of use thereof

Abstract

An airflow system for buildings and a method of using the same are disclosed to provide pollution mitigation for occupants of a building. The airflow system includes: at least one air purification system for providing purified air and receiving recirculated air; at least one supply air assembly for supplying purified air from the air purification system to at least one internal airflow space, the internal airflow space including one or more of a corridor, cafeteria, restroom, and elevator; at least one return air assembly for returning recirculated air from at least one internal airflow space to at least one air purification system; directional airflow formed between the supply air assembly and the return air assembly, and including at least one or more of a directional airflow field around each occupant, an air barrier located between each occupant, and an airflow field around each occupant; and at least one control system for controlling the airflow system. The airflow system provides pollution mitigation for each occupant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to airflow systems and methods for use in buildings, and more specifically, to airflow systems and methods for use in internal airflow spaces (e.g., corridors, cafeterias, restrooms, and elevators) in office buildings, thereby providing pollution mitigation and respiratory isolation for occupants of office buildings against biological and chemical agents. Background Technology

[0002] Epidemics, biological warfare using biological weapons, and chemical warfare using chemical weapons can all cause harm or death to humans, and there is a growing concern about preventing or mitigating such harm or death, as well as systems and methods for making buildings safe for human occupants. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the vulnerability of airflow systems such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in office and commercial buildings, and the presence of undetectable viruses in the air of office and commercial buildings remains a worrying issue.

[0003] Known safety measures used by occupants in office and commercial buildings during and after the COVID-19 pandemic include wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, and disinfecting work areas. However, cloth masks have been found to be ineffective, and more effective masks may be uncomfortable to wear. Furthermore, while effective masks may block respiratory droplets carrying the coronavirus, they may not block smaller aerosols or airborne particles. Additionally, disinfecting work areas (e.g., frequent surface wiping) can be both expensive and time-consuming to implement and maintain, and such disinfection does not address air quality and purification issues in the work area, nor does it address the spread of airborne viruses.

[0004] Another known safety measure used in office and commercial buildings during and after the COVID-19 pandemic includes the use of air filters designed to capture and kill the coronavirus with heat. The coronavirus dies at 158 ​​degrees Fahrenheit. Some air filters use a wire mesh that heats up to 392 degrees Fahrenheit. However, such filters may have limited effectiveness against the coronavirus because the dwell time of air heated to 392 degrees Fahrenheit may not be sufficient to kill all viruses that pass through it. They may also lack the ability to heat to higher temperatures (e.g., above 392 degrees Fahrenheit) to kill other biological and chemical agents that can only be destroyed at higher temperatures. The combination of limited temperature and short dwell time means the system does not reduce the risk to near zero.

[0005] Another known safety measure used in office buildings and commercial spaces during and after the COVID-19 pandemic includes the use of very traditional ultraviolet (UV) lamps in air duct systems to destroy airborne droplets of the coronavirus, as well as other viruses and microorganisms on surfaces. However, the temperature range studied with this traditional UV light is narrow, for example, 74 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit. Furthermore, this traditional UV lamp does not reduce the risk to near zero. Additionally, while germicidal UV lamps can destroy airborne viruses, they can damage human skin and eyes and must be used in empty rooms without human occupants. However, germicidal UV lamps can be used inside air ducts.

[0006] In addition, known high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters have been used to filter and capture airborne particulate matter. These HEPA filters can effectively remove up to 99.7% of airborne particulate matter with a diameter as small as 0.3 µm (0.3 micrometers), such as dust, pollen, mold, bacteria, and other airborne particles. COVID-19 particles are estimated to have a diameter between 0.06 and 0.14 micrometers. Therefore, while HEPA filters can filter some COVID-19 particles, they may not be able to filter all COVID-19 particles of all sizes. Furthermore, these HEPA filters require regular replacement and maintenance to function properly.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need in the art for an improved airflow system and method for buildings (e.g., office buildings and commercial buildings) that offers the advantages of providing effective respiratory isolation and prevention of cross-contamination among occupants located in the building's internal airflow spaces; generating one or more air barriers and / or airflow fields around occupants in internal airflow spaces (e.g., corridors, cafeterias, restrooms, and elevators), wherein occupants are in short-term motion, stationary, or substantially stationary; providing contamination mitigation for the building's occupants against contamination by biological and chemical agents; eliminating the need for any filter replacement or maintenance; and providing advantages over known systems and methods. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This disclosure provides an exemplary implementation of an airflow system for buildings and a method of using it. As discussed in the detailed description below, versions of the airflow system for buildings and methods of using it can provide significant advantages over known systems and methods.

[0009] In one version of this disclosure, an airflow system for a building is provided. The airflow system includes at least one air purification system that provides purified air and receives recirculated air. The airflow system also includes at least one air supply component that supplies purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space within the building. The at least one internal airflow space includes one or more of the following: a corridor, a cafeteria, a restroom, and an elevator within the building. One or more occupants are located in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 (five) seconds to 59 (fifty-nine) minutes. This location includes a moving position, a stationary position, or a substantially stationary position.

[0010] The airflow system further includes at least one return air component that returns the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system. The recirculated air includes internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more biological agents and one or more chemical agents, the biological agents including those flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0011] The airflow system further includes one or more directional airflows formed between the at least one air supply component and the at least one air return component in the at least one internal airflow space. The one or more directional airflows include one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air.

[0012] The one or more directional airflows include at least one or more of the following: a directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants; a one-way airflow between each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space. One or more air barriers to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants from passing through the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants and between them; an airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the at least one internal airflow space at the stationary position or the substantially stationary position, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than the airflow velocity of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers.

[0013] The airflow system further includes at least one control system for controlling the airflow system. The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space against contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0014] In another version of this disclosure, an airflow system for office buildings is provided. The airflow system includes at least one air purification system that provides purified air and receives recirculated air. The airflow system also includes an air management system.

[0015] The air management system includes at least one air supply duct assembly that supplies purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space within the office building. The at least one air supply duct assembly includes one or more air supply ducts and one or more air supply vents. The at least one internal airflow space includes one or more of the following within the office building: corridors, cafeteria, restrooms, and elevators. One or more occupants are located in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes. The location includes a moving position, a stationary position, or a substantially stationary position.

[0016] The air management system further includes at least one return air duct assembly that returns recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system. The at least one return air duct assembly includes one or more return air ducts and one or more return air vents. The recirculated air includes internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more biological agents and one or more chemical agents, wherein the one or more biological agents include those flowing from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0017] The air management system further includes one or more directional airflows formed between the at least one supply air duct assembly and the at least one return air duct assembly located in the at least one internal airflow space. The one or more directional airflows include one or more of purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air.

[0018] The one or more directional airflows include at least one or more of the following: a directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants; a directional airflow field located between each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space. One or more air barriers to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants and between them; and an airflow field around each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the at least one internal airflow space at the stationary position or the substantially stationary position, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than the airflow velocity of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers.

[0019] The airflow system further includes one or more sensors located within the at least one internal airflow space. The airflow system also includes at least one control system for controlling the airflow system. The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space against contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0020] In another version of this disclosure, a method is provided for providing pollution mitigation for one or more occupants in a building using an airflow system. The method includes installing the airflow system in the building. The airflow system includes at least one air purification system that provides purified air and receives recirculated air.

[0021] The airflow system further includes at least one air supply component that supplies purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space within the building. The at least one internal airflow space includes one or more of the building's corridors, cafeteria, restrooms, and elevators. One or more occupants are located in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes. The location includes a moving position, a stationary position, or a substantially stationary position.

[0022] The airflow system further includes at least one return air component that returns recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system. The recirculated air includes internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more biological agents and one or more chemical agents, the biological agents including those flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0023] The airflow system further includes one or more directional airflows formed between the at least one air supply component and the at least one air return component in the at least one internal airflow space. The one or more directional airflows include one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air.

[0024] The one or more directional airflows include at least one or more of the following: a directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants; a directional airflow field located between each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space. One or more air barriers to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants and between them; and an airflow field around each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the at least one internal airflow space at the stationary position or the substantially stationary position, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than the airflow velocity of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers.

[0025] The airflow system also includes at least one control system for controlling the airflow system.

[0026] The method further includes: supplying the purified air from the at least one air purification system to the at least one internal airflow space in the building using at least one air supply component. The method also includes: causing the one or more directional airflows to flow between the at least one air supply component and the at least one return component in the at least one internal airflow space to form one or more of the directional airflow fields, the one or more air barriers, and airflow fields for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0027] The method further includes: using the at least one return air assembly to return the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system. The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space against contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0028] The features, functions and advantages already discussed can be implemented independently in various versions of this disclosure, or can be combined in other versions, further details of which can be seen in the following description and figures. Attached Figure Description

[0029] This disclosure can be better understood by referring to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred and exemplary versions, but are not necessarily drawn to scale. The drawings are illustrative and are not intended to limit the description or claims.

[0030] Figure 1 This is an illustration of a system block diagram of an exemplary version of the airflow system for buildings disclosed herein;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for a passageway in a renovated building, showing a polluted occupant walking in the passageway;

[0032] Figures 3A to 3H This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for a passageway disclosed herein, showing the sequence of airflow system locations for a contaminated occupant walking in the passageway;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a side view of another exemplary airflow system for a passageway disclosed herein, showing a contaminated occupant walking in the passageway and airflow flowing in two directions;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a top view of another exemplary version of the airflow system for a passageway disclosed herein;

[0035] Figure 6A This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for a cafeteria disclosed herein, showing two cafeteria tables, wherein the interior of the cafeteria is not polluted with air.

[0036] Figure 6B yes Figure 6A A top-down view of the tables in the cafeteria, showing that the interior of the cafeteria is free of polluted air;

[0037] Figure 6C This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for a cafeteria disclosed herein, showing two cafeteria tables, where a contaminated occupant is sitting at one of the cafeteria tables and breathing contaminated air inside the cafeteria.

[0038] Figure 6D yes Figure 6CA top-down view of a cafeteria table, in which a person sitting at one of the cafeteria tables is breathing polluted air inside the cafeteria.

[0039] Figure 6E This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for a cafeteria disclosed herein, showing two cafeteria tables, wherein, in the area between the two cafeteria tables, there are contaminated occupants breathing contaminated air inside the cafeteria.

[0040] Figure 6F yes Figure 6E A top view of a cafeteria table, wherein the cafeteria table has a round tabletop shape, and wherein, in the area between two cafeteria tables, there are contaminated occupants breathing polluted air inside the cafeteria.

[0041] Figure 6G It is a top view of a buffet table with a fan-shaped tabletop, in which, in the area between two buffet tables, there are contaminated occupants breathing polluted air inside the buffet.

[0042] Figure 7A This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for a toilet disclosed herein, in which a contaminated occupant is sitting in a toilet cubicle and breathing contaminated air.

[0043] Figure 7B yes Figure 7A A front view illustration of the airflow system of a toilet, showing a contaminated occupant sitting in a toilet cubicle breathing contaminated air.

[0044] Figure 7C yes Figure 7A A three-dimensional diagram of the bathroom partition, showing the airflow entering, passing through and leaving the partition;

[0045] Figure 8A This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for an elevator disclosed herein, in which contaminated occupants stand between elevator partitions breathing contaminated air;

[0046] Figure 8B This is a top view of the airflow system for an elevator disclosed herein, in which each occupant stands between elevator partitions;

[0047] Figure 9A yes Figure 8A A 3D view of the elevator partition;

[0048] Figure 9B yes Figure 8B A three-dimensional diagram of an elevator compartment with two elevator partitions, showing the airflow entering, passing through and leaving the elevator partitions;

[0049] Figure 9C yes Figure 8B A three-dimensional view of three (3) elevator compartments in an elevator, each compartment having an elevator partition, and showing the airflow entering, passing through and leaving the elevator partition;

[0050] Figure 10A This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system for an elevator with a spiral hose system disclosed herein;

[0051] Figure 10B yes Figure 10A The airflow system and the side view of the elevator, which shows the first position of the elevator motion sequence;

[0052] Figure 10C yes Figure 10A The airflow system and the side view of the elevator, which shows the second position of the elevator motion sequence;

[0053] Figure 10D yes Figure 10A A side view of the airflow system and the elevator, showing the third position in the elevator's motion sequence; and

[0054] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustration of an exemplary version of the method disclosed herein.

[0055] The accompanying drawings shown in this disclosure illustrate various aspects of the presented versions, and only the differences will be discussed in detail. Detailed Implementation

[0056] In the following description, the disclosed versions will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all, versions of the disclosure are shown. In fact, several different versions may be provided and should not be construed as limited to the versions described herein. Rather, these versions are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and will fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0057] This specification includes reference to "a version". Instances of the phrase "a version" do not necessarily refer to the same version. Specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure. All features disclosed in this specification (including the claims, abstract, and drawings) and all steps in any disclosed method or process may be combined in any way, except that at least some such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive combinations. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature for the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0058] As used herein, “comprising” is an open-ended term and, as used in the claims, does not exclude additional structures or steps.

[0059] As used herein, “configured to” means that various parts or components can be described or claimed to be “configured to” perform one or more tasks. In this context, “configured to” is used to indicate a structure by indicating that various parts or components include structures that perform these tasks during operation. Therefore, even if the specified parts or components are not currently running (e.g., not turned on), it can be said that these parts or components are configured to perform tasks.

[0060] As used in this article, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used as labels for the nouns that are prefixed to them and do not imply any kind of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.).

[0061] As used herein, an element or step referenced in the singular and beginning with the word "a" should be understood to not necessarily exclude multiple elements or steps. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. As used herein, the term "combinations thereof" includes combinations having at least one of the associated listed items, wherein the combination may also include additional similar unlisted items.

[0062] As used in this article, when used with a list of items, the phrase "at least one" means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items can be used, and that only one of each item in the list may be required. In other words, "at least one" refers to any combination of items that can be used in the list and the number of items, but not all items in the list are required. An item can be a specific object, thing, or category.

[0063] Now refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is an illustration of a system block diagram of an exemplary version of the airflow system (AFS) 10 for building 12 disclosed herein. Figure 1 The boxes in the figures represent components, and the lines connecting the boxes do not imply any specific dependencies between the components. Furthermore, the connecting lines shown in the various figures included herein are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and / or physical connections between various components; however, it should be noted that other alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections may exist in the versions disclosed herein. When implemented in the illustrative examples, one or more of these boxes may be combined, divided, or combined and divided into different boxes. Additionally, Figure 1The illustration of the airflow system 10 does not imply any physical or architectural limitations on the exemplary embodiment. Other components besides those illustrated, or components that replace the illustrated components, may be used. Some components may be unnecessary.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the airflow system 10 is preferably designed for use in a building (BLDG.) 12, such as an office building (BLDG.) 12a, a commercial building (BLDG.) 12b, or another suitable building. Figure 1 As further shown, in one version, building 12 (e.g., office building 12a or commercial building 12b) may include a renovated building (BLDG.) 12c, which already exists and has been constructed, and can be renovated by installing a renovation airflow system 10a in the renovated building 12c or by utilizing an airflow system 10 (e.g., a renovation airflow system (AFS) 10a) at the renovated building. Figure 1 As further shown in another version, building 12 (e.g., office building 12a or commercial building 12b) may include a newly built or under-construction new building (BLDG.) 12d, wherein airflow system 10 (e.g., new airflow system (AFS) 10b) is installed or incorporated in or at the new building 12d.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, building 12 (e.g., office building 12a or commercial building 12b) has one or more internal airflow spaces 14 within building 12. Figure 1 As further shown, the internal airflow space 14 may include a passageway 16 (see also...) Figure 2 ) or corridor, cafeteria 20 (see also) Figure 6A Toilet 22 (see also) Figure 7A Elevator 24 (see also) Figure 8A (or another suitable internal airflow space 14 in building 12.)

[0066] The airflow system 10 may also optionally include one or more sensors 25 (see Figure 1 The one or more sensors are positioned in or near at least one internal airflow space 14. The one or more sensors 25 may include one or more sound sensors 25a (see [link to documentation]). Figure 1 ), to detect sound (e.g., sneezing 26 (see Figure 1 Or another type of sound. Sensor 25 may also include a motion sensor to detect one or more occupants (OCC.(S)) 28 in the internal airflow space 14 of building 12 (see Figure 1), such as one or more human inhabitants (OCC(S)28a (see Figure 1 Sensor 25 may further include: a temperature sensor, including semiconductor-based sensors, thermocouple sensors, resistance temperature detectors, and negative temperature coefficient thermistors; a humidity sensor, including capacitive sensors, resistance sensors, and thermal sensors; a pressure sensor; a contact sensor to indicate whether a pipe or valve is open or closed; and an air quality sensor for monitoring toxins, dust, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and other substances in the air 30 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ); Infrared (IR) sensor; Contamination sensing or detection reagent 32 (see Figure 1 The sensor, the contaminant (CONTAM.) reagent includes one or more biological (BIOL.) reagents (BA) 34 (see Figure 1 ) and one or more chemical (CHEM.) reagents (CA) 36 (see Figure 1 One or more of the following; or other suitable sensors 25.

[0067] The airflow system 10 is configured to direct airflow such as purified air 30a (see Figure 1 ) air 30 (see Figure 1 ) is supplied to each internal airflow space 14 and is configured to recirculate (RECIRC) air 30b (see Figure 1 The recirculated air 30b is discharged from each internal airflow space 14. The recirculated air 30b includes the internal air in and from the internal airflow space 14 (see internal airflow space 14). Figure 1 The recirculated air 30b may also include one or more contaminating agents 32 (see...). Figure 1 ) polluted air for 30 days (see Figure 1 ), the one or more polluting agents include one or more biological agents 34 (see Figure 1 ) and one or more chemical reagents 36 (see Figure 1 One or more of the following biological agents, including and including one or more biological agents 34 flowing out from one or more contaminated (CONTAM) inhabitants (OCC.S) in the internal airflow space 14. Recirculated air 30b may also include breathing air 30e breathed by one or more inhabitants 28 (including contaminated inhabitants 28b) in the internal airflow space 14 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ).

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, due to an epidemic 38, such as the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) epidemic, biological reagents 34 and / or chemical reagents 36 may be present in the air 30. Figure 1As further shown, due to a biological (BIOL) weapon release 40 or a biological weapon (i.e., a biochemical weapon, event) or a chemical (CHEM) weapon release 42 or a chemical weapon event or another release event, biological reagent 34 and / or chemical reagent 36 may also be in the air 30, wherein one or more biological reagents 34, biochemical weapons and / or one or more chemical reagents 36, or chemical weapons are released into the air 30 due to a terrorist event, war, attack, accidental or unintentional release or other type of release or event.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, one or more biological reagents 34 may include one or more airborne biological reagents (BA(S)) 34a. One or more biological reagents 34 may also include one or more of the following: airborne pathogens; respiratory pathogens; airborne viruses; respiratory viruses; airborne microorganisms; respiratory microorganisms; airborne coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), COVID-19 (COVID-19), and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome); Ebola virus; Zika virus; West Nile virus; Marburg virus; influenza viruses, including airborne influenza viruses, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, influenza C virus, avian influenza, and swine influenza; smallpox virus; monkeypox virus; pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae; tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis; Aspergillus fumigatus causing pulmonary aspergillosis; pneumonic plague; airborne spores of Black mold; ricin fog; ricin powder; or another type of biological reagent 34.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, one or more chemical agents 36 may include one or more airborne chemical agents (CA(S)) 36a. One or more chemical agents 36 may also include one or more of the following: respiratory chemical agents; phenoxy herbicides (Agent Orange); asphyxiants, such as substances that irritate the nose, throat, and lungs when inhaled, including chlorine, chloropicrin, diphosgene, and phosgene; bubbling agents, such as agents that affect the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin, including sulfur mustard, nitrogen mustard, Lewis acids, and phosgene oxime; blood agents, such as agents that inhibit the ability of cells to use oxygen, including hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, and arsine; and neuropharmaceuticals, such as drugs that block acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes in the nervous system that cause muscle hyperstimulation, including tamethrin, sarin, soman, cyclosporine, Agent X, or another chemical agent 36.

[0071] like Figure 1As shown, the occupant 28 may include one or more contaminated occupants 28b, one or more corridor occupants (OCC.(S)) 28c, and one or more office cubicle occupants (OCC.(S)) 28d (see also...) Figure 2 ), one or more cafeteria occupants (OCC.(S)) 28e, one or more toilet occupants (OCC.(S)) 28g, one or more elevator occupants (OCC.(S)) 28h, one or more animal occupants 28j (e.g., dogs and / or cats or other types of animals) or other types of occupants 28 in building 12.

[0072] Preferably, one or more occupants 28 occupy a time period 45 ranging from 5 (five) seconds to 59 (fifty-nine) minutes (see...) Figure 1 (For example, a short time period 45a (see...) Figure 1 Position (POS) 44 within the internal airflow space 14 for a short period of time. Figure 1 As shown, position (POS.) 44 includes one of a moving position (POS.) 44a, a stationary position (STATION.POS. (SP)) 44b, or a substantially stationary position (STATION.POS. (SP)) 44c. A moving position 44a means that the occupant 28 is moving through the internal airflow space 14 (e.g., walking, running, using a wheelchair or walker or other assistive device), or otherwise moving along or through the internal airflow space. A stationary position 44b or a substantially stationary position 44c means that the occupant 28 is not moving (e.g., not walking, not running, not using a wheelchair or walker or other assistive device), or not moving along or through the internal airflow space 14 during a time period 45 (e.g., a short time period 45a), and the occupant 28 is standing, sitting, or in another stationary or substantially stationary position.

[0073] Each internal airflow space 14 is designed to return the airflow through the direct path (DA) 46 (see Figure 1 As discussed in more detail below, directional airflow field 115 (see...) Figure 1 An airflow field 115a may be formed around the inhabitant 28 within the internal airflow space 14, for example, when the inhabitant 28 moves along the passageway 16 in the movement position 44a, including the inhabitant 28 if it is also a contaminated inhabitant 28b, and the directional airflow field 115a provides a direct return airflow path 46 for the breathing air 30e (including contaminated air 30d) breathed by the inhabitant 28 in the internal airflow space 14, for example, a short return airflow direct path (DA) 46 (see...). Figure 1 Directional airflow field 115 provides respiratory isolation 112 for occupants 28 (see also...) Figure 1 The occupants include occupant 28 if it is the case of contaminated occupant 28b.

[0074] A return airflow direct path 46 was designed and implemented, for which the likelihood of an occupant 28 (e.g., human occupant 28a) in building 12 breathing air 30 (e.g., contaminated air 30d) that has already been breathed by another occupant 28 (e.g., another human occupant 28a) near the internal airflow space 14, and consequently by any other occupant 28 (e.g., any other human occupant 28a, including contaminated occupant 28b) in any other internal airflow space 14 in building 12.

[0075] Airflow system 10 is for human dwellings such as 28a in building 12 (see Figure 1 ) of the occupiers 28 (see Figure 1 (including contaminated inhabitants 28b) and / or animal inhabitants 28j) provide contamination (CONTAM) mitigation measures 48 (see Figure 1 ), to resist contamination by one or more of one or more biological reagents 34 and one or more chemical reagents 36.

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown, the airflow system 10 includes at least one air purification system 50 that provides purified air 30a and receives recirculated air 30b. In one version, the air purification system (PURIF.SYS.) 50 includes a compressor assembly (ASSY.(CA)) 52 (see...). Figure 1 The compressor assembly draws in outside air 30f from the external environment (see...). Figure 1 It also draws in recirculated air 30b from the internal airflow space 14. Figure 1 As further shown, the compressor assembly 52 may include a reciprocating compressor assembly (CA) 52a, a multi-cylinder compressor assembly (CA) 52b, a multi-nozzle turbo compressor assembly (CA) 52c, a generator turbo compressor assembly (CA) 52d, or another suitable compressor assembly 52.

[0077] Compressor assembly 52 may have at least one compressor 54 (see Figure 1 ), to compress and thereby heat outside air 30f and recirculated air 30b, thereby obtaining compressed air 30g (see Figure 1 For example, compressed air 30g contaminated with one or more biological reagents 34 and one or more chemical reagents 36. Compressor 54 compresses one or more of outside air 30f and recirculated air 30b and thereby heats it to an effective temperature (TEMP) 55 (see...). Figure 1(For example, at high temperatures in the range of 140°F (60°C) to 1500°F (816°C), and more preferably at elevated temperatures or high temperatures in the range of 158°F (70°C) to 600°F (316°C), and compression and heating are performed at this effective temperature. Compressor 54 compresses and thereby heats one or more of the outside air 30f and recirculated air 30b to an effective pressure (PRESS) 56 (see...) Figure 1 (For example, increasing the pressure or high pressure), and compressing and heating under that effective pressure.

[0078] 30g of compressed air can be supplied to the pressurization chamber at 58 (see...) Figure 1 The compressed air 30g is purified in the air to obtain purified air 30a. The compressed air 30g is preferably maintained at an effective temperature 55 (e.g., an elevated temperature or high temperature) for an effective residence time 59 (see [reference]). Figure 1 (including a range of 0.5 (0.5) seconds to 30 (30) minutes), and more preferably, heated at an effective temperature of 55 for an effective residence time of 59 (including a range of 1 (1) second to 5 (5) minutes).

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, in one version, the compressor assembly 52 also includes at least one pressure reducer 60 coupled to at least one pressure chamber 58. The pressure reducer 60 is configured to depressurize and depressurize the purified air 30a, thereby cooling it to a cooling temperature preferably in the range of 25°F (25 degrees Fahrenheit) (-3.9°C) to 80°F (80 degrees Fahrenheit) (26°C) and more preferably in the range of 65°F (65 degrees Fahrenheit) (18°C) to 74°F (74 degrees Fahrenheit) (24°C) to obtain depressurized air 30h. The cooling temperature is less than or below the effective temperature 55, for example, an elevated temperature or a high temperature.

[0080] The compressor assembly 52 may be connected to one or more air outlets to draw purified air 30a from the compressor assembly 52 to the air management system 62 (see [link]). Figure 1 The compressor assembly 52 supplies purified or clean air to the air management system 62. Exhaust gas 30i (see...) Figure 1 It may include some purified air 30a, which is discharged from one of the air outlets of the compressor assembly 52 and released into the atmosphere outside the building 12.

[0081] The purified air 30a includes purified or clean air supply, which is supplied or flows out of the compressor assembly 52 and into the air management system 62. The air management system 62 is part of the airflow system 10. The air management system 62 is coupled to the air purification system 50 and includes multiple ducts 66 (see...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6A The pipeline network consists of 64 (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6A These pipes may have one or more pipe valves 68 (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6A ).like Figure 1 As shown, the air management system 62 of the airflow system 10 includes at least one air supply (AS) component (ASSY.) 70 (e.g., at least one air supply duct (ASD) component (ASSY.) 72) that supplies purified air 30a from at least one air purification system 50 to at least one interior airflow space 14 in the building 12.

[0082] Gas supply assembly 70 (e.g., gas supply line assembly 72) includes one or more gas supply lines (ASD) 78 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6A Each air supply pipe 78 of the air supply assembly 70 (e.g., air supply duct assembly 72) has one or more supply first ends 74 connected to at least one air purification system 50 (see...). Figure 2 , Figure 3A , Figure 6A , Figure 7A ) and one or more supply second ends 76 connected to at least one internal airflow space 14 in building 12 (e.g., office building 12a or commercial building 12b) (see Figure 2 , Figure 6A , Figure 7A ).

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, in one version, one or more gas supply lines 78 may include one or more first gas supply lines (ASD) 78a, one or more second gas supply lines (ASD) 78b, and / or one or more third gas supply lines (ASD) 78c. Each of the one or more gas supply lines 78 has one or more pressure (AP) 80 within each gas supply line 78 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 1 Preferably, in one version, each of one or more first gas supply pipes 78a can supply low pressure (AP) 80a (see...). Figure 1) airflow 31, and / or can supply medium pressure (AP) 80b (see Figure 1 Airflow 31, wherein the low-pressure airflow 31 preferably has a low-pressure 80a in the range of 0.000000119 psf (pounds-force per square foot) to 0.0000119 psf (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ), and wherein the medium pressure 80b airflow 31 preferably has a medium pressure 80b in the range of 0.0000119 psf to 0.001190083 psf (see Figure 1 As used herein, pounds-force per square foot (psf) is a unit of pressure such as kinetic pressure, where one pound-force (lbf) is applied to an area of ​​one square foot (ft²). In other versions, low pressure 80a may be less than 0.000000119 psf or greater than 0.0000119 psf. In other versions, medium pressure 80b may be less than 0.0000119 psf or greater than 0.001190083 psf.

[0084] Preferably, in one version, each of the second gas supply pipes 78b can supply high-pressure (AP) gas 80c (see...). Figure 1 ) airflow 31, and / or can supply very high pressure (AP) 80d (see Figure 1 ) airflow 31, wherein the high-pressure airflow 31 preferably has a high-pressure 80c in the range of 0.019041322 psf to 0.119008264 psf (see Figure 1 Furthermore, the very high pressure 80d airflow 31 preferably has a very high pressure 80d of 0.267768595 psf to 26.7768595 psf. In other versions, the high pressure 80c can be less than 0.019041322 psf or greater than 0.119008264 psf. In other versions, the very high pressure 80d can be less than 0.267768595 psf or greater than 26.7768595 psf.

[0085] Preferably, in one version, each of the third air supply pipes 78c may include a path to compressed air 30g (see...). Figure 6C Port 79 (see) Figure 6C The compressed air can be supplied at a very high pressure of 80d and can be activated, for example, when the inhabitant 28 in the internal airflow space 14 sneezes.

[0086] One or more gas supply pipes 78, which will be discussed in further detail below, may include one or more sidewall gas supply pipes 78d (see below). Figure 3A ), one or more floor gas supply pipes 78e (see Figure 6A ), one or more ceiling gas supply ducts 78f (see Figure 7A ), one or more heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) gas supply ducts 78g (see Figure 5 ), one or more tables with gas supply lines for 78 hours (see Figure 6A ), one or more partition gas supply pipes 78i (see Figure 7A One or more of the following: gas supply pipes 78j to the toilet cubicle side, gas supply pipes 78k to the toilet sink, gas supply pipes 78l to the elevator partition, or other suitable gas supply pipes 78.

[0087] The air supply assembly 70 (e.g., air supply duct assembly 72) also includes one or more air supply vents 82 configured to open and close to control the airflow (AF) 31 of purified air 30a into at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 The one or more air supply vents 82 discussed in further detail below may include one or more side wall air supply vents 82a (see below). Figure 3A ), one or more floor air supply vents 82b (see Figure 6C ), one or more ceiling-mounted air vents 82c (see Figure 7A ), one or more table air vents 82d (see Figure 6A ), one or more partition air supply vents 82e (see Figure 7A One or more of the following: one or more toilet cubicle side air supply vents 82f, one or more toilet sink air supply vents 82g, one or more elevator partition air supply vents 82h, or other suitable air supply vents 82.

[0088] In one version, such as Figure 6B As shown and referred to below Figure 6B For further detailed discussion, one or more table air supply vents 82d preferably include one or more tabletop center vents 84a, one or more tabletop side vents 84b, one or more tabletop edge side vents 84c, and one or more tabletop underside vents 84d (see [link to article]). Figure 6A One or more table air vents 82d may also include other suitable types of table air vents 82d.

[0089] In one version, one or more floor air supply vents 82b may be included in the internal airflow space 14, located in the grille floor 88 (see [link]). Figure 1 One or more grille floor vents 86 (see) Figure 1 ).

[0090] like Figure 1 As shown, the air management system 62 of the airflow system 10 also includes at least one return air (AR) assembly (ASSY.) 90 (e.g., at least one return air duct (ARD.) assembly (ASSY.) 92) that returns recirculated air 30b from at least one internal airflow space 14 to at least one air purification system 50. The recirculated air 30b includes internal air 30c from at least one internal airflow space 14 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ) and by one or more biological reagents 34 (see Figure 1 ) and one or more chemical reagents 36 (see Figure 1 One or more of the polluted air types 30 days (see [reference]) Figure 1 One or more of the biological agents, including or comprising one or more biological agents 34 flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b in at least one internal airflow space 14.

[0091] Return gas assembly 90 (e.g., return gas duct assembly 92) includes one or more return gas ducts (ARD) 94 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6A , Figure 7A Each return pipe 94 of the return gas assembly 90 (e.g., return gas duct assembly 92) has one or more return first ends 96 (see...). Figure 6A , Figure 7A The first return end is connected to at least one internal airflow space 14 in building 12 (e.g., office building 12a or commercial building 12b), and each return duct 94 has one or more second return ends 98 connected to at least one air purification system 50 (see...). Figure 6A , Figure 7A ).

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, in one version, one or more return gas lines 94 may include one or more first return gas lines (ARD) 94a, one or more second return gas lines (ARD) 94b, and / or one or more third return gas lines (ARD) 94c. Each of the one or more return gas lines 94 has one or more pressure (AP) 80 within each return gas line 94 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 1 Preferably, in one version, each of one or more first return gas pipes 94a can deliver low pressure 80a (see...). Figure 1 Airflow 31 returns, and / or can return to medium pressure 80b (see...) Figure 1Airflow 31 returns, wherein low-pressure airflow 31 preferably has a low-pressure 80a in the range of 0.000000119 psf (pounds per square foot) to 0.0000119 psf (see [link]). Figure 1 ), and wherein the medium-pressure airflow 31 preferably has a medium-pressure airflow 80b in the range of 0.0000119 psf to 0.001190083 psf (see Figure 1 In other versions, low pressure 80a can be less than 0.000000119 psf or greater than 0.0000119 psf. In other versions, medium pressure 80b can be less than 0.0000119 psf or greater than 0.001190083 psf.

[0093] Preferably, in one version, each of the second return gas pipes 94b can supply high pressure (AP) 80c (see... Figure 1 ) airflow 31, and / or can supply very high pressure (AP) 80d (see Figure 1 ) airflow 31, wherein the high-pressure airflow 31 preferably has a high-pressure 80c in the range of 0.019041322 psf to 0.119008264 psf (see Figure 1 Furthermore, the very high pressure (AP) 80d airflow 31 preferably has a very high pressure 80d of 0.267768595 psf to 26.7768595 psf. In other versions, the high pressure 80c can be less than 0.019041322 psf or greater than 0.119008264 psf. In other versions, the very high pressure 80d can be less than 0.267768595 psf or greater than 26.7768595 psf.

[0094] Preferably, in one version, each of the third return gas pipes 94c has a vacuum system or vacuum port 95 (see...). Figure 6C ), to deliver 30g of compressed air (see Figure 6C It returns at a very high atmospheric pressure of 80d, and can be activated, for example, when the inhabitant 28 in the internal airflow space 14 sneezes.

[0095] One or more of the one or more return gas pipes 94 may be inside 101 of one or more of the multiple return gas pipes 94 (see Figure 7A It contains one or more ultraviolet (UV) lamps (see Figure 1 , Figure 7AOne or more ultraviolet lamps 100 may be optionally used and located in the return gas duct 94 to help deactivate or destroy one or more biological agents 34 and / or one or more chemical agents 36. Alternatively to or in addition to the ultraviolet lamps 100, the return gas duct 94 may have one or more grilles or another suitable device or component with heated metal wires inside the return gas duct 94 to help deactivate or destroy one or more biological agents 34.

[0096] One or more return ducts 94 may include and combine one or more ceiling return ducts (ARD) 94d (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), one or more HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) return air ducts 94e (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) or other suitable return gas pipes 94.

[0097] like Figure 1 As shown, the return air assembly 90 (e.g., return air duct assembly 92) includes one or more return air vents 104. The one or more return air vents 104 may include one or more ceiling return air vents 104a (see...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), one or more heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) return air vents 104b (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) or other suitable return air vents 104.

[0098] One or more of the supply air vents 82 and one or more of the return air vents 104 may each have one or more louvers 102 (see Figure 1 , Figure 3B The louver 102 is a series of slats that can be used to control the airflow 31 through the supply air vent 82 and the return air vent 104 (see...). Figure 1 The louver 102 can be fixed or stationary, or adjustable. The louver 102 allows airflow 31 to enter the internal airflow space 14 and into the return air vent 104 and return air duct 94. The louver 102 directs the airflow 31 to the desired location based on the magnitude of the air pressure applied to it. The louver 102 is preferably made of metal (e.g., aluminum, steel, or another suitable metal) or wood or other suitable material.

[0099] like Figure 1As shown, the airflow system 10 and its air management system 62 include one or more airflows 105, such as one or more directional airflows 106, formed between at least one supply air assembly 70 and at least one return air assembly 90 in at least one internal airflow space 14. The one or more directional airflows 106 preferably include an upward-flowing airflow 107a (see...). Figure 6A One or more directional airflows 106 may also include lateral airflows, which include lateral airflows 107b that initially flow laterally and then upward (see...). Figure 6A ).

[0100] One or more airflows 105 (e.g., one or more directional airflows 106) include one or more of purified air 30a, internal air 30c, and contaminated air 30d.

[0101] One or more directional airflows 106 include one or more inhabitants 28 within at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 2 The directional airflow field 115 of each of the 28b and one or more of the contaminated inhabitants (see ) Figure 1 , Figure 2 One or more of the above, wherein the occupant 28 may include and include the contaminated occupant 28b. The directional airflow field 115 provides a direct return airflow path 46 (see [reference]) for the breathing air 30e (including contaminated air 30d) breathed by each of the one or more occupants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b. Figure 1 ), for example, the short return airflow direct path 46a (see Figure 1 The directional airflow field 115 also provides respiratory isolation 112 for each of one or more occupants 28 and each of one or more contaminated occupants 28b (see [link]). Figure 1 The directional airflow field 115 preferably provides a short path for the contaminated air 30d from the source (e.g., from the contaminated occupant 28b). For example, the contaminated air 30d from the contaminated occupant 28b passes through an openable return air vent 104 (see...). Figure 2 ) and is sucked into the return air duct 94 (see Figure 2 In this context, the return air vent may have louvers 102 (see...). Figure 2 The return air vent 104 is located near the source of the contaminated air 30d. The directional airflow field 115 can operate intermittently 124 (see...). Figure 1 ) flow, for example in aisle 16 (see Figure 2 Toilet 22 (see) Figure 7A ) or elevator 24 (see Figure 8AThe airflow flows in a constant manner, for example, in a cafeteria 20 (see...). Figure 6A ) flows in.

[0102] In the case of directional airflow field 115, preferably, the inhabitant 28 moves at a movement position 44a, and purified air 30a is supplied to, for example, the passageway 16 at the same speed as the inhabitant 28 walking in the passageway 16. Preferably, the directional airflow field 115 has a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 (four) feet per second to 10 (ten) feet per second (see...). Figure 1 )flow.

[0103] If the occupant 28 stands in the passageway 16 or another internal airflow space 14 for a period of time, a directional airflow field 115 can be formed. If the occupant 28 is in a stationary position 44b within the directional airflow field 115 (see...), Figure 1 ) or roughly at rest position 44c (see Figure 1 If the purified air 30a is too cold, it can be heated by controlling the temperature of the purified air 30a flowing in the directional airflow field 115.

[0104] One or more directional airflows 106 also include one or more air barriers 116 located between each of the one or more occupyers 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupyers 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 6A At least one or more of the following, wherein an inhabitant 28 may include and encompass a contaminated inhabitant 28b in at least one internal airflow space 14 to prevent breathing air 30e breathed by each of the one or more inhabitants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b from crossing one or more air barriers 116. Air barriers 116 provide respiratory isolation 112 for each of the one or more inhabitants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b and between them. An inhabitant 28 including or containing a contaminated inhabitant 28b may be in a stationary position 44b or a substantially stationary position 44c or in a moving position 44a at the location of one or more air barriers 116. However, in order to have respiratory isolation 112, the inhabitant 28 needs to remain in the location of one or more air barriers 116 and not cross the one or more air barriers 116. Preferably, the one or more air barriers 116 are at a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 (four) feet per second to 10 (ten) feet per second (see...). Figure 1 )flow.

[0105] One or more directional airflows 106 also include an airflow field 118 surrounding each of one or more inhabitants 28 located at a stationary position 44b or substantially stationary position 44b in at least one internal airflow space 14 and each of one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 At least one or more of the following, wherein the airflow field 118 has an airflow velocity 114 smaller than the airflow velocity 114 of the directional airflow field 115 and one or more air barriers 116 (see [reference]). Figure 1 Preferably, the airflow field 118 has a moderate airflow velocity 114b in the range of 0.1 (0.1) feet / second to 1 (-) feet / second (see...). Figure 1 )flow.

[0106] The velocity of the airflow field 118 can vary depending on various conditions and can be intermittent or constant. A moderate airflow velocity 114b is fast enough to deliver contaminated air 30d to the return air assembly 90 within a reasonable timeframe (e.g., 10 (x) seconds to approximately one minute). For example, if there are multiple supply air vents 82 in the internal airflow space 14 (see...) Figure 1 Then, the airflow velocity 114 from each air supply vent can be arranged to ensure that the designed airflow works normally.

[0107] One or more airflows 105 (e.g., one or more directional airflows 106) include one or more first directional airflows 106a (see Figure 6A ) and one or more second directional airflows 106b (see Figure 6A At least one or more of the following. One or more directional airflows 106 may also include one or more third directional airflows 106c (see [reference]). Figure 6A ) and / or one or more fourth directional airflows 106d (see Figure 6C ).

[0108] One or more first directional airflows 106a include one or more air barriers 116 between each of one or more inhabitants 28 (including each of one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) in the internal airflow space 14 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 6A , Figure 6C ), thereby providing each of the one or more occupants 28 in the internal airflow space 2014 (including each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b) with respiratory isolation 112 having and using one or more air barriers 116 (see Figure 1 Preferably, the airflow velocity (AV) 114 of one or more first directional airflows 106a (see...) Figure 1) for high airflow velocities (AV) in the range of 4 (quad) feet per second to 10 (t) feet per second (see) 114c Figure 1 ).

[0109] One or more second directional airflows 106b include airflow fields 118 within the internal airflow space 14 surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants 28 (including each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b). Figure 1 , Figure 6A Preferably, the airflow velocity (AV) 114 of one or more second directional airflows 106b is a moderate airflow velocity (AV) 114b in the range of 0.1 (0.1) feet / second to 1 (-) feet / second (see...). Figure 1 One or more second directional airflows 106b have an airflow velocity 114 that is lower than the airflow velocity 114 of one or more first directional airflows 106a. One or more first directional airflows 106a have an airflow velocity 114 that is greater than the airflow velocity 114 of one or more second directional airflows 106b.

[0110] One or more airflows 105 (e.g., one or more directional airflows 106) create a separate airflow (AF) defining space 108 for each of one or more inhabitants 28 in at least one internal airflow space 14 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b). Figure 1 ), to provide cross-contamination (CONTAM) prevention 110 between each individual airflow-defined space 108 (see Figure 1 ), and provide respiratory isolation 112 for each of one or more occupants 28 (including one or more contaminated occupants 28b) (see Figure 1 ).

[0111] Each airflow 105 (e.g., each directional airflow 106) has an airflow velocity 114 (see Figure 1 (or the velocity of airflow 31.) Figure 1As shown, the airflow velocity (AV) 114 includes low airflow velocity (AV114a), medium airflow velocity (AV) 114b, high airflow velocity (AV) 114c, and very high airflow velocity (AV) 114d. Preferably, the airflow velocity 114 of low airflow velocity 114a is in the range of 0.01 (0.01) feet / second to 0.1 (0.1) feet / second. Preferably, the airflow velocity 114 of medium airflow velocity 114b is in the range of 0.1 (0.1) feet / second to 1 (1) feet / second. Preferably, the airflow velocity 114 of high airflow velocity 114c is in the range of 4 (4) feet / second to 10 (10) feet / second. Preferably, the airflow velocity 114 of very high airflow velocity 114d is in the range of 15 (15) feet / second to 150 (150) feet / second.

[0112] When airflows 105, such as one or more directional airflows 106 (e.g., one or more first directional airflows 106a), have high airflow velocities 114c, they include, within the internal airflow space 14, one or more protective virtual barriers 117 surrounding one or more inhabitants 28 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 One or more air barriers 116 (see Figure 1 This is to isolate each of one or more inhabitants 28 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) from contamination by another inhabitant (including contaminated inhabitants 28b). When there is a rapidly moving airflow 31d at a high airflow velocity 114c between, around, in front of, and / or behind each of the one or more inhabitants 28 in the internal airflow space 14 (see...) Figure 1 When one or more inhabitants 28 (including any contaminated inhabitants 28b) are located in the internal airflow space 14, they have respiratory isolation 112 from each other. An air barrier 116 with an airflow 31 having a high airflow velocity 114c (see...) Figure 1 The breathing air 30e breathed by each of one or more inhabitants 28 in the internal airflow space 14 (see...) Figure 1 ) and their breathing is isolated from the breathing air 30e of one or more other occupants 28. Air barriers 116 can also be shared, for example, between elevator compartments 244 (see Figure 8B ).

[0113] When airflows 105, such as one or more directional airflows 106 (e.g., one or more second directional airflows 106b), have a moderate airflow velocity 114b, they flow over each of the one or more inhabitants 28 (including each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) for a period of time, during which each of the one or more inhabitants 28 (including each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) is in a short period of time 45a (see...). Figure 1 The time period 45 (see) Figure 1 Within the internal airflow space 14, a moderate airflow velocity 114b will draw contaminated air 30d directly into the return air duct 94 or into one or more air barriers 116 of the first directional airflow 106a. When a moderate airflow velocity 114b exists around, around, in front of, and / or behind each of the one or more occupants 28 in the internal airflow space 14, the contaminated air 30d will be drawn into the return air duct 94 or into one or more air barriers 116 of the first directional airflow 106a. Figure 1 The slow-moving airflow 31b (see) Figure 1 For example, a moderate to slow airflow 31, such as a normal airflow 31c (see Figure 1 ), the airflow field 118 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 3A to 3C , Figure 5 Preferably, under the action of a slow-moving airflow 31b (e.g., a moderate to slow-moving airflow 31 with a moderate airflow velocity 114b), one or more inhabitants 28 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) will not be cooled by cool air. The airflow 31 needs to be a slow-moving airflow 31b (e.g., a moderate to slow-moving airflow 31) so that one or more inhabitants 28 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) will not be cooled by cool air.

[0114] When such as one or more directional airflows 106 (e.g., one or more fourth directional airflows 106d (see...) Figure 6C The airflow 105 has a very high airflow velocity 114d (e.g., surge airflow 31e (see...)). Figure 1 When these are activated, they may be activated by the inhabitant 28 (e.g., contaminated inhabitant 28b, sneezing), while the sound sensor 25a (see Figure 1 This situation was detected, and the high airflow velocity 114c was immediately and rapidly increased to 114 (see...). Figure 1 The airflow velocity is increased to a very high speed 114d, that is, fast enough to prevent any sneezing droplets from crossing the air barrier 116 located between and / or around the inhabitants 28. After a few seconds, the very high airflow velocity 114d can be reduced back to a high airflow velocity 114c, as those sneezing droplets have been consumed by the return air duct 94.

[0115] The primary objective of the airflow system 10 disclosed herein is to provide, preferably when the inhabitant is in the moving position 44a, a directional airflow field 115 providing a fast-moving airflow 31d (see [link to document]). Figure 1 ); and provide one or more air barriers 116 for rapid airflow 31d; and provide respiratory isolation 112 between one or more occupants 28 (including one or more contaminated occupants 28b) in the internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 ); and within the internal airflow space 14, an airflow field 118 is provided with moderate to slow airflow 31 surrounding each of one or more inhabitants 28 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b).

[0116] The flow arrangement 120 of one or more directional airflows 106 in the internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 The airflow system 10 prevents one or more inhabitants 28 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) in the internal airflow space 14 from contaminating each other. The airflow system 10 provides contamination mitigation 48 (see [reference]) for each of the one or more inhabitants 28 in at least one internal airflow space 14. Figure 1 ), to resist being attacked by one or more biological agents 34 (see Figure 1 ) and one or more chemical reagents 36 (see Figure 1 One or more contaminants in ), the one or more biological agents including one or more biological agents 34 flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b within at least one internal airflow space 14.

[0117] One or more internal airflow spaces 14 are designed to return airflow through the direct path 46 (see Figure 1 A direct return airflow path 46 was designed and implemented, for which the likelihood of an occupant 28 of building 12 (e.g., human occupant 28a) breathing air 30 (e.g., contaminated air 30d) is very low, as this air 30 has already been breathed by another occupant 28 (including contaminated occupant 28b) such as another human occupant 28b in the vicinity of the internal airflow space 14, and further by any other occupant 28 (including contaminated occupant 28b) in any other internal airflow space 14 in building 12, such as any other human occupant 28a.

[0118] Gas supply assembly 70, such as gas supply duct assembly 72, and gas return assembly 90, such as gas return duct assembly 92, can be in one or more internal airflow spaces 14 in an intermittent manner 124 (see...). Figure 1 ) generates controlled airflow pattern 122 (see Figure 1This is to alleviate the exposure of one or more occupants 28 in building 12 to contaminated air 30d, which is polluted by one or more biological agents 34 and one or more chemical agents 36. The intermittent mode 124 means that purified air 30a is introduced or flows into the internal airflow space 14 only when one or more occupants 28 (e.g., one or more human occupants 28a) are present in the internal airflow space 14. For example, airflow 31 (see...) Figure 1 ) is preferably adjusted and turned on and off, and when the occupant 28 is in a short period of time such as 45a (see Figure 1 (For example, walking in corridor 16 or briefly stopping in corridor 16 and then resuming walking in corridor 16 of building 12) During the time period 45 of movement or stillness, the airflow velocity 114 of airflow 31 (see Figure 1 (It is preferably adjusted to follow or track the occupant 28.)

[0119] like Figure 1 As shown, the airflow system 10 also includes at least one control system 126 for controlling the airflow system 10. In one version, the control system 126 may include a sensor control network 128 having one or more controllers 130, one or more power supplies 132 for powering the control system 126, one or more software programs 134, and one or more computers 136 configured to run the one or more software programs 134. Figure 1 As shown, in one version, the control system 126 is a central control system 126a, which is connected via connector element 138 (e.g., wired connector element 138a (see...)). Figure 2 ) or wireless connector element 138b (see Figure 6A This is connected to the compressor assembly 52, the air supply assembly 70 (e.g., air supply duct assembly 72), and the return air assembly 90 (e.g., return air duct assembly 92). In another version, the control system 126 includes a distributed control system 126b, wherein a sensor control network 128, a controller 130, a power supply 132, and a computer 136 having software program 134 are distributed in each internal airflow space 14, or distributed in several internal airflow spaces 14 on the same floor or adjacent floors of the building 12.

[0120] The air purification system 50 and air management system 62 of the airflow system 10 preferably supply purified air 30a, which has greatly improved reliability (e.g., 10 -9 The reliability), namely: such as human inhabitants 28a (see Figure 1 ) of the occupiers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3C , Figure 6A) is not released into the outside air at 30°F (see Figure 1 The contaminated air 30d, which is contaminated by one or more biological reagents 34 and one or more chemical reagents 36, and / or by one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b located inside the building 12 (within the internal airflow space 14 of the building 12) (see...) Figure 1 The polluted air released.

[0121] In another version, a method for office buildings 12a (see...) is provided. Figure 1 The airflow system 10 (see) Figure 1 The airflow system 10 includes at least one air purification system 50 (see...). Figure 1 The at least one air purification system provides purified air 30a (see...) Figure 1 And receive recirculated air 30b (see) Figure 1 The airflow system 10 also includes an air management system 62 (see...). Figure 1 The air management system 62 includes at least one air supply duct assembly 72 (see...). Figure 1 The at least one air supply duct assembly supplies purified air 30a from at least one air purification system 50 to at least one internal airflow space 14 in the office building 12a (see...). Figure 1 At least one gas supply conduit assembly 72 includes one or more gas supply conduits 78 (see...). Figure 1 ) and one or more air supply vents 82 (see Figure 1 At least one internal airflow space 14 includes a passageway 16 in office building 12a (see...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), buffet restaurant 20 (see Figure 1 , Figure 6A Toilet 22 (see) Figure 1 , Figure 7A ) and elevator 24 (see Figure 1 , Figure 8A One or more of the following. One or more occupants 28 in a time period ranging from 5 (five) seconds to 59 (fifty-nine) minutes 45 (see Figure 1 Position 44 located within at least one internal airflow space 14 (see) Figure 1 Position 44 includes motion position 44a (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), stationary position 44b (see Figure 1 , Figure 6A ) or roughly at rest position 44b (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A)one of the.

[0122] The airflow system 10 also includes at least one return air duct assembly 92 (see Figure 1 The at least one return air duct assembly returns recirculated air 30b from at least one internal airflow space 14 to at least one air purification system 50. The at least one return air duct assembly 92 includes one or more return air ducts 94 (see...). Figure 1 ) and one or more return air vents 104 (see Figure 1 The recirculated air 30b includes internal air 30c from at least one internal airflow space 14 (see [link]). Figure 1 ) and by one or more biological reagents 34 (see Figure 1 ) and one or more chemical reagents 36 (see Figure 1 One or more of the polluted air types 30 days (see [reference]) Figure 1 One or more of the following biological agents, which include or contain one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see...). Figure 1 ) One or more biological reagents that flow out 34.

[0123] The airflow system 10 also includes one or more directional airflows 106 (see Figure 1 The one or more directional airflows are formed between at least one supply air duct assembly 72 and at least one return air duct assembly 92 located in at least one internal airflow space 14. The one or more directional airflows 106 include one or more of purified air 30a, internal air 30c, and contaminated air 30d.

[0124] One or more directional airflows 106 comprise directional airflow fields 115 surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 At least one or more of the above, thereby providing a direct return airflow path 46 for the breathing air 30e breathed by each of the one or more occupants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b (see Figure 1 ), and provide respiratory isolation 112 for each of one or more occupants 28 and each of one or more contaminated occupants 28b (see Figure 1 One or more directional airflows 106 also include, within at least one internal airflow space 14, one or more air barriers 116 located between each of the one or more occupants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b (see [link]). Figure 1This prevents breathing air 30e, breathable by each of the one or more occupants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b, from crossing one or more air barriers 116, and establishes respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b, and between them. One or more directional airflows 106 also include an airflow field 118 surrounding each of the one or more occupants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b positioned at a resting position 44b or substantially resting position 44c in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see...). Figure 1 At least one or more of the following, wherein the airflow field 118 has an airflow velocity 114 smaller than the airflow velocity 114 of the directional airflow field 115 and one or more air barriers 116 (see [reference]). Figure 1 ).

[0125] The airflow system 10 may also optionally include one or more sensors 25 positioned in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 The airflow system 10 also includes at least one control system 126 for controlling the airflow system 10 (see...). Figure 1 Airflow system 10 provides pollution mitigation 48 for each of one or more occupants 28 in at least one internal airflow space 14 of office building 12a (see...). Figure 1 ), to resist contamination by one or more biological agents 34 (including one or more biological agents 34 flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b in at least one internal airflow space 14) and one or more chemical agents 36.

[0126] Now refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 for an internal airflow space 14, comprising a passageway 16 in a building 12 (e.g., office building 12a, or renovated building 12c). The figure illustrates an inhabitant 28, such as a contaminated inhabitant 28b, walking at a position 44 (e.g., movement position 44a) within the passageway 16. The contaminated inhabitant 28b is emitting breathing air 30e, which is contaminated air 30d within the interior 140 of the passageway 16. Figure 2 A pollution state 141 is shown (e.g., a polluted passageway state 141a), in which polluted air 30d is breathed by polluted inhabitants 28b.

[0127] like Figure 2As shown, when the contaminated inhabitant 28b walks along the passageway 16, airflow 105, such as directional airflow 106, includes a directional airflow field 115 that follows the contaminated inhabitant 28b. Purified air 30a is supplied by the air purification system 50 through an air supply duct 78 including a dedicated air supply assembly 70a, and enters the passageway 16 at the same speed as the contaminated inhabitant 28b walking along the passageway 16. Sensor 25 (see [reference]) is located at the passageway 16. Figure 2 It is configured to detect and actually detect, for example, contaminated inhabitants 28b (including mobile inhabitants 28k (see...) Figure 2 The position of the occupants 28 (see 142) Figure 2 (in the middle) and speed of motion 143 (see Figure 2 The location 142 of the contaminated occupant 28b is determined by sensor 25 (see...). Figure 2 Detection and determination. When the inhabitant 28 enters the passageway 16, the sensor 25 can also detect the presence of the inhabitant 28, and as the moving inhabitant 28k moves along the passageway 16, one or more sensors 25 signal the airflow system 10 to supply purified air 30a as a directional airflow 106 into the passageway 16, which includes a directional airflow field 115 surrounding the moving airflow 31a of the moving inhabitant 28k.

[0128] The contaminated air 30d, along with the internal air 30c in the internal airflow space 14 and the purified air 30a supplied by the air supply duct 78, are returned to the ceiling return air vent 104a, which is opened and located near the position 142 of the contaminated occupant 28b. Figure 2 A louver 102, such as a ceiling louver 102a, is shown in the open position 144a. Other ceiling louvers 102a are in the closed position 144b (see [link]). Figure 2 ). Figure 2 A return air vent 104, such as a ceiling return air vent 104a, is shown in the open position 145a. Other ceiling return air vents 104a are in the closed position 145b (see [link]). Figure 2 ).

[0129] The ceiling louvers 102a and ceiling return air vents 104a can be actuated based on input from sensor 25. The actuable ceiling louvers 102a and actuable ceiling return air vents 104a use data supplied by sensor 25 to follow the position 142 of an occupant 28 walking in the passageway 16. Feedback can also be provided to control the airflow 31 at the ceiling louvers 102a and the ceiling return air vents 104a. One or more directional airflows 106 (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2It can be transmitted via at least one control system 126 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 Adjust in real time to follow one or more occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 Each of them in the internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The motion position 44a in ) (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The movement of the occupants 28 and the adjustment of the position 142 of each of the one or more occupants 28 in the internal airflow space 14 (see [link]). Figure 1 , Figure 2 ).

[0130] Contaminated air 30d from contaminated occupant 28b passes through a return air vent 104, such as a ceiling return air vent 104a, which is in the open position 145a (see...). Figure 2 ) and louvers 102 such as ceiling louvers 102a in the open position 144a (see Figure 2 ) and is drawn into the return air duct 94 of the return air assembly 90 (see Figure 2 In the open position 144a, the return air vent 104 (e.g., ceiling return air vent 104a) and the louver 102 (e.g., ceiling louver 102a) are located near the source of the contaminated air 30d breathed by the contaminated occupant 28b below. Occupants 28, such as the contaminated occupant 28b, are in a directional airflow field 115 of the moving airflow 31a, which makes it almost impossible for the breathing air 30e (e.g., infected air 30d) of occupant 28 to flow to another occupant 28, but must flow directly to the ceiling return air vent 104a above.

[0131] like Figure 2 As shown, the directional airflow field 115 provides a direct return airflow path 46, such as a short return airflow path 46a, for the breathing air 30e (e.g., contaminated air 30d) breathed by each of one or more inhabitants 28 and each of one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b. The directional airflow field 115 preferably provides a short path for the contaminated air 30d from its source (e.g., from the contaminated inhabitant 28b) to the return air assembly 90. This includes the contaminated air 30d breathed by the moving inhabitant 28k (see [reference]). Figure 2 The breathing air 30e is returned directly to the dedicated return air assembly 90a in the return airflow direct path 46 to prevent any contaminated air 30d breathed by the active occupants 28k from spreading to their office cubicles 18 (see Figure 2 Office cubicles in the middle occupied 28 days (see Figure 2(in the middle) or possibly another inhabitant 28 in the passageway 16 or building 12. The directional airflow field 115 also provides respiratory isolation 112 for the contaminated inhabitant 28b (see Figure 1 ), and prevent their office cubicles 18 (see Figure 2 The office cubicles in ) occupied 28 days (see Figure 2 ) to prevent contamination and to prevent contamination from reaching another occupant 28 in the passageway 16 or building 12.

[0132] like Figure 2 As shown, the corridor 16 has a corridor floor 146, a corridor ceiling 148, and multiple corridor sidewalls 150. Figure 2 A gas supply assembly 70, such as a gas supply piping assembly 72, is also shown, which includes one or more gas supply pipes 78. Figure 2 As shown, each air supply duct 78 has a first supply end 74 connected to the air purification system 50 and a second supply end 76 connected to the internal airflow space 14. Figure 2 Also shown is a return air assembly 90, such as a return air duct assembly 92, which includes one or more return air ducts 94. Each return air duct 94 has a return first end 96 coupled to the internal airflow space 14 (see [link to original text]). Figure 2 ) and the return second terminal 98 connected to the air purification system 50 (see Figure 2 ).

[0133] like Figure 2 As shown, the corridor ceiling 148 includes one or more ceiling return air ducts 94d and one or more return air vents 104, which return purified air 30a and interior air 30c (including any contaminated air 30d) as recirculated air 30b from the interior 140 of the corridor 16. One or more return air vents 104 are positioned at the corridor ceiling 148 such that one or more directional airflows 106 (see...) Figure 2 One or more airflows 105 (see) Figure 2 This includes issues surrounding contaminated inhabitants, such as 28b (see...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) of the occupiers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) directional airflow field 115 to prevent office cubicles 18 (see Figure 2 The office cubicles in ) occupied 28 days (see Figure 2 ) Breathing any contaminated air from the contaminated occupants in corridor 16 for 30 days (see Figure 2 ).

[0134] like Figure 2As further shown, the airflow system 10 includes a control system 126 for controlling the airflow system 10. The control system 126 is connected via a connector element 138 (e.g., a wired connector element 138a (see...)). Figure 2 The connector element 138 is positioned between the air management system 62 and the air purification system 50, which are connected to the internal airflow space 14. The connector element 138 may also include a wireless connector element 138b (see [link to wireless connector element 138]). Figure 6A ) or other suitable connector element 138. For example Figure 2 As shown, the control system 126 is also connected to one or more sensors 25 in the internal airflow space 14. Figure 2 As shown, the control system 126 includes a sensor control network 128 for controlling the sensor 25, a controller 130, a power supply 132 for powering the control system 126, and a computer 136 having software program 134. Figure 2 As shown, in one version, the control system 126 includes a central control system 126a, which is connected between the air management system 62 and the air purification system 50 via a connector element 138 (e.g., a wired connector element 138a). In another version, the connector element 138 may include a wireless connector element 138b (see...). Figure 6A ).

[0135] In one version, such as Figure 2 As shown, the aisle floor 146 of aisle 16 includes a structural aisle floor 146a. In another version, the aisle floor 146 may include a dummy floor (not shown) having a floor cavity (not shown), wherein the structural aisle floor 146a is located below the floor cavity. The floor cavity of the dummy floor can allow for the transfer of air, such as purified air 30a (see...). Figure 1 ) air 30 (see Figure 1 From, for example, pressurization chamber 58 (see Figure 1 ) air purification system 50 (see Figure 2 The gas is supplied to the interior 140 of the passageway 16. The floor cavity or opening is hollow to accommodate one or more gas supply pipes 78 (see...). Figure 1 ), such as one or more floor gas supply pipes 78e (see Figure 6A ).

[0136] Now refer to Figures 3A to 3H , Figures 3A to 3H This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 for an internal airflow space 14 (e.g., a passageway 16) of the present disclosure, showing a sequence 152 of airflow system positions in which an inhabitant 28, such as a human inhabitant 28a (e.g., a contaminated inhabitant 28b), moves at a position 44 such as a movement position 44a (e.g., walking in, entering, and along the passageway 16). Figures 3A to 3HAn airflow system 10 is shown in an internal airflow space 14, which includes a passageway 16 in a building 12, such as an office building 12a. The building 12 could be a renovated building 12c (see [reference]). Figure 2 ) or new buildings 12d (see Figure 1 ).

[0137] Figures 3A to 3H Air purification system 50 and air management system 62 are shown (see Figure 3A This includes a dedicated gas supply assembly 70a having a gas supply conduit assembly 72, which includes one or more gas supply conduits 78, such as one or more sidewall gas supply conduits 78d. Figures 3A to 3H As shown, each air supply duct 78 has a first supply end 74 connected to the air purification system 50 and a second supply end 76 connected to the internal airflow space 14. Figures 3A to 3H Also shown is a return air assembly 90 including a dedicated return air assembly 90a with a return air duct assembly 92, the return air duct assembly including one or more return air ducts 94, such as ceiling return air ducts 94d. Figures 3A to 3H As shown, each return air duct 94 has a first return end 96 connected to the internal airflow space 14 and a second return end 98 connected to the air purification system 50.

[0138] Figures 3A to 3H A control system 126 positioned between the air management system 62 and the air purification system 50 via a connector element 138 (e.g., wired connector element 138a) is also shown. Connector element 138 may also include a wireless connector element 138b (see [link to documentation]). Figure 6A ) or other suitable connector element 138. Figures 3A to 3H A control system 126 connected to the sensor 25 in the internal airflow space 14 is also shown, as well as a sensor control network 128, a controller 130, a power supply 132, and a computer 136 with software program 134.

[0139] Figure 3A The first position 152a of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. There are no inhabitants 28 in passageway 16 (see [reference]). Figure 3B ). Figure 3A An internal airflow space 14, such as a passageway 16, is shown, and passageways 16 intersecting with intersecting passageways 16a at each end of passageway 16 are also shown. The intersecting passageways 16a at each end of passageway 16 may also have... Figures 3A to 3H The same airflow system 10 is shown in the passageway 16. Office cubicles occupy 28d (see...) Figure 3A Office cubicle 18, located adjacent to aisle 16 (see...) Figure 3A )middle. Figure 3A The corridor floor 146, corridor ceiling 148, and multiple corridor sidewalls 150 are shown. Figure 3A As shown, the plurality of passageway sidewalls 150 include a passageway entrance sidewall 150a, a passageway exit sidewall 150b, and one or more intermediate passageway sidewalls 150c located between the passageway entrance sidewall 150a and the passageway exit sidewall 150b. Figure 3A Sensor 25, which is connected to the ceiling 148 of the corridor, is also shown. Figure 3A Also shown are air supply pipes 78 such as sidewall air supply pipes 78d, and return air pipes 94, such as ceiling return air pipes 94d and sidewall return air pipes 94f. Figure 3A As shown, venetian blind 102 (see Figure 3B (For example, side wall louvers 102b (see) Figure 3B For example, the louvers 102c on the side wall of the passageway entrance are closed in the closed position 144b, and the side wall air supply vent 82a is closed in the closed position 145b.

[0140] Figure 3B The second position 152b of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. Sensor 25 (see...) Figure 3B An inhabitant, such as human inhabitant 28a, was detected approaching passageway entrance 153a. Figure 3B As shown, in the air supply duct 78 (e.g., sidewall air supply duct 78d) formed in the wall cavity 154 of the passageway entrance sidewall 150a, louvers 102, such as sidewall louvers 102b (e.g., passageway entrance sidewall louvers 102c), are partially open in the partially open position 144c. Figure 3B As further shown, the air supply vent 82, such as the side wall air supply vent 82a, is partially open in the partially open position 145c. For example, the purified air 30a (see...) Figure 3B ) air 30 (see Figure 3B ) airflow 31 (see Figure 3B The rate is approximately 50% (fifty percent). The time for opening the louvers 102 and the air vent 82 can be approximately 0.1 seconds to approximately 0.5 seconds, or another suitable time. The time for opening the louvers 102 and the air vent 82 is preferably brief or rapid, so that the airflow velocity 114 of the airflow 31 can be synchronized with the movement of the occupant 28k (see...). Figure 2 The speed of movement along passageway 16 is 143 (see Figure 2 The match or near match will not be too brief or too fast, so that there will be a loud clicking or other type of noise when the blinds 102 and the air vents 82 are opened.

[0141] Figure 3CThe third position 152c of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. Sensor 25 (see...) Figure 3C Contaminated inhabitants such as 28b have been detected (see Figure 3C (For example, passageway occupants 28c (see also) Figure 3C The occupants 28 have approached and entered the passageway entrance 153a of passageway 16 from the cross passageway 16a (see also...) Figure 3C ).like Figure 3C As shown, an inhabitant 28, such as a contaminated inhabitant 28b (e.g., a passageway inhabitant 28c), enters the passageway 16 and breathes air 30e, such as contaminated air 30d. Figure 3C As shown, louvers 102, such as sidewall louvers 102b (e.g., passageway entrance sidewall louvers 102c), are open in open position 144a (e.g., fully open position). Figure 3C As further shown, the air supply vent 82, such as the side wall air supply vent 82a, is open in the open position 145a (e.g., the fully open position). Figure 3C As further shown, louvers 102, such as ceiling louvers 102a, move to open position 144a to direct air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a, internal air 30c, and contaminated air 30d) into return air duct 94 (e.g., ceiling return air duct 94d) located at or near position 142 of the occupant 28. Figure 3C Also shown is a directional airflow field 115 consisting of airflow 105 (e.g., directional airflow 106) surrounding the inhabitant 28 (e.g., contaminated inhabitant 28b), and following the inhabitant 28 as it moves in position 44 (e.g., movement position 44a), for example, walking along the internal airflow space 14 (e.g., passageway 16). Such as purified air 30a (see...) Figure 3C ) air 30 (see Figure 3C ) airflow 31 (see Figure 3C The rate is approximately 100%.

[0142] Figure 3D The fourth position 152d of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. (As shown) Figure 3D As shown, the inhabitant 28, such as the contaminated inhabitant 28b (e.g., the moving inhabitant 28k), continues to move along the passageway 16 at position 44 (e.g., the moving position 44a), for example, walking. Figure 3D Also shown is a directional airflow field 115 consisting of airflow 105 (e.g., directional airflow 106) surrounding the inhabitant 28 (e.g., contaminated inhabitant 28b), which follows the inhabitant 28 (e.g., moving inhabitant 28k) as the inhabitant 28 moves along the passageway 16 at position 44 (e.g., moving position 44a). Figure 3D Also shown are louvers 102 such as side wall louvers 102b, opened in an open position 144a (e.g., fully open position), such as a passageway entrance side wall louver 102c. Figure 3D As further shown, the air supply vent 82, such as the side wall air supply vent 82a, is open in the open position 145a (e.g., the fully open position). Figure 3D As further shown, the louvers 102 (e.g., ceiling louvers 102a) located directly in front of and above the position 142 of the contaminated occupant 28b move to the open position 144a to guide air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a, internal air 30c, and contaminated air 30d) into or near the return air duct 94 (e.g., ceiling return air duct 94d) in or near the position 142 of the occupant 28. Furthermore, as... Figure 3D As further shown, the return air vent 104 (e.g., ceiling return air vent 104a) located directly in front of and above the contaminated occupant 28b at position 142 moves to the open position 145a to receive purified air 30a, interior air 30c, and contaminated air 30d into the return air duct 94 (e.g., ceiling return air duct 94d). The other previously open ceiling louvers 102a are now in the closed position 144b (see [reference]). Figure 3D The other ceiling return vents 104a that were previously open are now in the closed position 145b (see Figure 3D Return air vent 104 (e.g., ceiling return air vent 104a (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 3D ), side wall return air vent 104c (see Figure 3E (and / or floor return vents) can be opened and closed to follow the internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 3D In position 44a of motion (see) Figure 3D ) of the occupants 28. One or more directional airflows 106 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3D It can be transmitted via at least one control system 126 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3D The direction is adjusted in real time to follow the internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3D In position 44a of motion (see) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3D One or more of the occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3D (For example, the movement occupyers 28K (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3D The movement of each of the inhabitants 28 in the internal airflow space 14, and the adjustment of the position 142 of each of the one or more inhabitants 28 in the internal airflow space 14 (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3D ).

[0143] like Figure 3D As shown, in one version, the dedicated air supply assembly 70a includes a sidewall air supply duct 78d located in the passageway entrance sidewall 150a, a plurality of sidewall air supply vents 82a located in the passageway entrance sidewall 150a, and a plurality of passageway entrance sidewall louvers 102c located in the passageway entrance sidewall 150a. Figure 3D As further shown, in one version, the dedicated return air assembly 90a includes a return air duct 94 (e.g., sidewall return air duct 94f) located in the corridor exit sidewall 150b, a plurality of sidewall return air vents 104c located in the corridor exit sidewall 150b, a plurality of corridor exit sidewall louvers 102d located in the corridor exit sidewall 150b, one or more ceiling return air ducts 941 located in the corridor ceiling 148, a plurality of ceiling return air vents 104a located in the corridor ceiling 148, and a plurality of ceiling louvers 102a located in the corridor ceiling 148.

[0144] Figure 3E The fifth position 152e of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. An inhabitant 28, such as a contaminated inhabitant 28b (e.g., a moving inhabitant 28k), reaches the passageway exit 153b of passageway 16, where passageway 16 intersects with the intersecting passageway 16a. Figure 3E As shown, the contaminated air 30d breathed by the contaminated occupant 28b at the passageway exit 153b and the cross passageway 16a flows out of the passageway 16 and into the return air duct 94 (e.g., side wall return air duct 94f) formed in the wall cavity 154 of the passageway exit sidewall 150b, and flows to the air purification system 50, where it is purified. Figure 3E Also shown are louvers 102, such as side wall louvers 102b (e.g., passageway exit side wall louvers 102d), in the passageway exit sidewall 150b in an open position 144a (e.g., fully open position). Figure 3E As further shown, the return air vent 104 (e.g., side wall return air vent 104c) is open in the open position 145a (e.g., fully open position). Figure 3EAs further shown, the louver 102 (e.g., ceiling louver 102a) located directly in front of position 142 of the contaminated occupant 28b moves to open position 144a, and the return air vent 104 (e.g., ceiling return air vent 104a) moves to open position 145a to guide air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a, internal air 30c, and contaminated air 30d) into the return air duct 94 (e.g., ceiling return air duct 94d) located in or near position 142 of the occupant 28, and into the side wall return air duct 94b. The other previously open ceiling louvers 102a are now in closed position 144b, and the other previously open ceiling return air vents 104a are now in closed position 145b.

[0145] Figure 3F The sixth position 152f of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. Occupant 28 (see also...) Figure 3E The airflow 31 (e.g., purified air 30a) has left aisle 16 and has continued along the intersecting aisle 16a. The airflow 31 of air 30 continues to flow at 100% (one hundred percent) for a short period. Figure 3F As shown, the louvers 102 (e.g., sidewall louvers 102b, such as the aisle entrance sidewall louvers 102c in the aisle entrance sidewall 150a and the aisle exit sidewall louvers 102d in the aisle exit sidewall 150b) are in the open position 144a, such as the fully open position. Figure 3F As further shown, the air supply vent 82 (e.g., side wall air supply vent 82a) is open in the open position 145a (e.g., fully open position). Figure 3F As further shown, the return air vent 104 (e.g., side wall return air vent 104c) is open in the open position 145a (e.g., fully open position). Figure 3F As further shown, the other previously open ceiling louvers 102a are now in the closed position 144b, while the other previously open ceiling return vents 104a are now in the closed position 145b.

[0146] Figure 3G The seventh position 152g of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. (As shown) Figure 3G As shown, the louvers 102 (e.g., sidewall louvers 102b, such as the passageway entrance sidewall louvers 102c in the passageway entrance sidewall 150a and the passageway exit sidewall ventilation window 102d in the passageway exit sidewall 150b) are in the partially closed position 144d. Figure 3G As further shown, the air supply vent 82 (e.g., side wall air supply vent 82a) is partially closed in the partially closed position 145d. Figure 3GAs further shown, the return air vent 104 (e.g., side wall return air vent 104c) is partially closed in the partially closed position 145d. Ceiling louvers 102a (see...) Figure 3E ) and ceiling return air vent 104a (see Figure 3E Keep it off. Such as Air Purifier 30a (see...) Figure 3G ) air 30 (see Figure 3G ) airflow 31 (see Figure 3G The rate is approximately 50%.

[0147] Figure 3H The eighth position 152h of the airflow system position sequence 152 is shown. (As shown) Figure 3H As shown, venetian blind 102 (see Figure 3G (For example, side wall louvers 102b (see) Figure 3G For example, the passageway entrance sidewall louvers 102c in passageway entrance sidewall 150a (see Figure 3G ) and the passageway exit sidewall louvers 102d in passageway exit sidewall 150b (see Figure 3G Currently in the closed position 144b. (e.g.) Figure 3H As further shown in the diagram, the gas supply vent 82 (see...) Figure 3G (For example, the side wall air supply vent 82a in the side wall 150b of the passageway exit (see...) Figure 3G )) and return air vent 104 (see Figure 3G (For example, the side wall return air vent 104c in the side wall 150b of the passageway exit (see...) Figure 3G Currently in closed position 145b. Airflow 31 (see...) Figure 3G The rate of ) is zero.

[0148] Now refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a side view of another exemplary airflow system 10 for an internal airflow space 14 (e.g., a passageway 16) according to the present disclosure, showing an inhabitant 28 (e.g., a contaminated inhabitant 28b) standing in a passageway 16 within a building 12 (e.g., an office building 12a). Building 12 may include a renovated building 12c (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ) or new buildings 12d (see Figure 1 ). Figure 4 An internal airflow space 14 (e.g., aisle 16) is shown, and it is shown that aisle 16 intersects with a crossing aisle 16a at each end of aisle 16. The crossing aisle 16a at each end of aisle 16 may also have a... Figure 4 The passageway 16 shown is the same airflow system 10. (As shown) Figure 4As described, the contaminated occupant 28b stands in position 44 (e.g., stationary position 44b) in the passageway 16 and exhales the air 30e (which is contaminated air 30d) into the interior 140 of the passageway 16.

[0149] In this version of the airflow system 10, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the occupant 28 (e.g., a standing occupant 28l) stands in the passageway 16 (e.g., in a resting position 44b), an airflow 31 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) flows from the air supply assembly 70 (e.g., a dedicated air supply assembly 70a) in two directions (e.g., a first direction 156a and a second direction 156b) to obtain a balanced airflow 31 from both ends of the passageway 16. Figure 4 As shown, the air management system 62 includes a dedicated air supply assembly 70A with an air supply duct assembly 72, which includes air supply ducts 78 (e.g., sidewall air supply ducts 78d), wherein one sidewall air supply duct 78d is located in a passageway sidewall 150 (e.g., a passageway entrance sidewall 150a), and another sidewall air supply duct 78d is located in a passageway sidewall 150 (e.g., a passageway exit sidewall 150b). Figure 4 As shown, the dedicated air supply assembly 70a also includes a plurality of air supply vents 82 (e.g., a plurality of sidewall air supply vents 82a) located in the passageway entrance sidewall 150a and the passageway exit sidewall 150b. Figure 4 As shown, the dedicated gas supply assembly 70a also includes a plurality of side wall louvers 102b, such as a passageway entrance side wall louver 102c located in the passageway entrance side wall 150a and a passageway exit side wall louver 102d located in the passageway exit side wall 150b.

[0150] Figure 4 The side wall air supply vent 82a is shown in either the passageway entrance side wall 150a or the passageway exit side wall 150b in the open position 145a. Figure 4 Also shown are a passageway entrance sidewall louver 102c in the passageway entrance sidewall 150a in the open position 144a and a passageway exit sidewall louver 102d in the passageway exit sidewall 150b.

[0151] like Figure 4 As shown, the airflow system 10 also includes a return air assembly 90, such as a dedicated return air assembly 90a. Figure 4As shown, the dedicated return air assembly 90 includes one or more return air ducts 94 (e.g., one or more ceiling return air ducts 94d located in the corridor ceiling 148), a plurality of return air vents 104 (e.g., a plurality of ceiling return air vents 104a located in the corridor ceiling 148), and a plurality of louvers 102 (e.g., a plurality of ceiling louvers 102a located in the corridor ceiling 148).

[0152] like Figure 4 As shown, the contaminated air 30d, along with the internal air 30c in the internal airflow space 14 and the purified air 30a supplied by the air supply duct 78, are returned to the ceiling return air vent 104a, which is open and located near the position 142 of the contaminated occupant 28b. Figure 4 A louver 102 (e.g., ceiling louver 102a) in the open position 144a is shown, and a return air vent 104 (e.g., ceiling return air vent 104a) in the open position 145a is shown.

[0153] like Figure 4 As shown, airflow 105 (e.g., directional airflow 106) includes a directional airflow field 115 surrounding the contaminated occupant 28b. Purified air 30a is supplied by the air purification system 50 through an air supply duct 78 of the air supply assembly 70, which includes a dedicated air supply assembly 70a, and is supplied into the passageway 16 from both a first direction 156a and a second direction 156b. A sensor 25 (see [reference]) is located in the passageway 16. Figure 4 ) is configured to detect and actually detect occupyer 28 (e.g., contaminated occupyer 28b, including moving occupyer 28k (see Figure 4 Position 142 (see) Figure 4 ) and speed of motion 143 (see Figure 4 (or lack of exercise)

[0154] The contaminated air 30d, the internal air 30c in the internal airflow space 14, and the purified air 30a supplied by the air supply duct 78 and mixed with the contaminated air 30d and the internal air 30c are returned as recirculated air 30b through the ceiling return air vent 104a and ceiling return air duct 94d opened near the location 142 of the contaminated occupant 28b, and then returned to the air purification system 50 for purification or repurification.

[0155] like Figure 4 As shown, the directional airflow field 115 provides a direct return airflow path 46, such as a short return airflow path 46a, for the breathing air 30e (e.g., contaminated air 30d) breathed by each of one or more inhabitants 28 and each of one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b. Figure 4 As shown, corridor 16 has a corridor floor 146, a corridor ceiling 148, and corridor sidewalls 150. Figure 4 As shown, each air supply duct 78 has a supply first end 74 connected to the air purification system 50 and a supply second end 76 connected to the internal airflow space 14, and the return air duct 94 has a return first end 96 connected to the internal airflow space 14 and a return second end 98 connected to the air purification system 50.

[0156] like Figure 4 As further shown, the airflow system 10 includes a control system 126 for controlling the airflow system 10. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the control system 126 is positioned between the air management system 62, which is connected to the internal airflow space 14, and the air purification system 50 via a connector element 138 (e.g., a wired connector element 138a). The connector element 138 may also include a wireless connector element 138b (see [link to documentation]). Figure 6A ) or other suitable connector element 138. For example Figure 4 As further shown, the control system 126 is also connected to one or more sensors 25 in the internal airflow space 14. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the control system 126 includes a sensor control network 128 for controlling the sensor 25, a controller 130, a power supply 132 for powering the control system 126, and a computer 136 having software program 134. Figure 4 As shown, in one version, the control system 126 includes a central control system 126a, which is connected between the air management system 62 and the air purification system 50 via a connector element 138 (e.g., a wired connector element 138a).

[0157] Now refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a top view of another exemplary version of the airflow system 10 of this disclosure for an internal airflow space 14 including a passageway 16 in a building 12 (e.g., office building 12a). Building 12 may be a renovated building 12c (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ) or new buildings 12d (see Figure 1 ).like Figure 5 As shown, one side of aisle 16 is adjacent to office cubicles 18, while the other side is adjacent to open area 158. Figure 5 As further shown, the airflow system 10 includes an air supply duct 78 (e.g., a ceiling air supply duct 78f) having an oversized configuration 160 or size to accommodate a large volume of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a), thereby supplying an airflow 31 (e.g., an increased airflow 31f) of purified air 30a to the passageway 16. Figure 5Also shown is an air supply vent 82 (e.g., a large air supply vent 82i), which is in the open position 145a and is sized to accommodate an increased airflow 31f. Figure 5 The louver 102 in the open position 144a is also shown. The large air supply vent 82i can be located in the ceiling, floor, side wall or other suitable location. Figure 5 Air supply vents 82 (e.g., small side air supply vents 82j) arranged along the sidewall 150 of the passageway are also shown to keep the increased airflow 31f aligned and flowing smoothly. The small side air supply vents 82j may also be located in the ceiling, on the floor, or other suitable locations. Figure 5 As further shown, the airflow system 10 includes one or more return air ducts 94 (e.g., ceiling return air duct 94d), which have an oversized configuration 160a or size to accommodate a large volume of air 30 (e.g., interior air 30c). Figure 1 ), polluted air for 30 days (see Figure 1 Purified air 30a) and / or purified air 30a, either alone or mixed with internal air 30c and / or contaminated air 30d, is returned, and this large volume of air is recirculated from the passageway 16 as recirculated air 30b. One or more return air ducts 94 with oversized configuration 160a may also be located in the floor or other suitable location.

[0158] This increased airflow 31f can be used when the threat increases, wherein the volume of airflow 31 used by building 12 (e.g., the entire building 12) can be increased. When the occupant 28 (see Figure 2 Visit office cubicle 18 (see Figure 2 The office cubicles in ) occupied 28 days (see Figure 2 When this is done, the increased airflow 31f can also be used. The increased airflow 31f can also be used in internal airflow spaces 14 (e.g., corridors 16) or other internal airflow spaces 14 to provide additional protection for older or higher-risk occupants 28.

[0159] Now refer to Figures 6A to 6G , Figures 6A to 6G This disclosure illustrates a method for including building 12 (e.g., office building 12a (see [reference])). Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E The cafeteria 20 in the )) (see Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E An exemplary airflow system 10 for the internal airflow space 14 of the building 12. The building 12 may include a renovated building 12c (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ) or new buildings 12d (see Figure 1 ).like Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C As shown, the self-service restaurant 20 includes a gas supply assembly 70 (which includes a dedicated gas supply assembly 70a) and a gas return assembly 90 (which includes a dedicated gas return assembly 90a). Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C As further shown, the cafeteria 20 includes a cafeteria floor 162, a cafeteria ceiling 164, a cafeteria sidewall 166, and one or more airflow hoods 168 connected to the cafeteria ceiling 164. At least one cafeteria sidewall 166 has a cafeteria door (not shown) or entrance (not shown), and the cafeteria sidewall 166 preferably surrounds the cafeteria 20.

[0160] like Figures 6A to 6G As shown, the cafeteria 20 also includes multiple cafeteria tables 170 (e.g., the first cafeteria table 170a (see...)). Figures 6A to 6B ) and the second self-service restaurant table 170b (see Figures 6A to 6C They have one or more air supply ducts 78, such as one or more table air supply ducts 78h. The airflow shroud 168 is preferably positioned above one or more table air supply ducts 78h.

[0161] like Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C As further shown, the cafeteria 20 may include one or more sensors 25 (e.g., one or more sound sensors 25a) coupled to one or more of the plurality of cafeteria tables 170. The cafeteria 20 may also include motion sensors to detect one or more occupants 28 in the internal airflow space 14 comprising the cafeteria 20, or the cafeteria 20 may include other suitable sensors 25. Figures 6A to 6G As shown, the cafeteria 20 also includes one or more cafeteria areas 172 (e.g., one or more cafeteria common areas 172a) located between a plurality of cafeteria tables 170 for movement between the plurality of cafeteria tables 170 and across the cafeteria floor 162 and through the cafeteria 20.

[0162] like Figure 6B , Figure 6D and Figure 6F As shown, in one version, the cafeteria table 170 has a tabletop shape 174 including a circular tabletop shape 174a. In another version, as... Figure 6G As shown, the cafeteria table 170 has a tabletop shape 174 including a fan-shaped tabletop shape 174b. The fan-shaped tabletop shape 174b allows for one or more air barriers 116 (see...). Figure 6G More completely surrounded by sitting in the stationary position 44b (see Figure 6G The self-service restaurants in 28e (see ) Figure 6G ).like Figure 6G As shown, the cafeteria table 170 with a fan-shaped tabletop shape 174b has a fan-shaped portion 175 or a concave portion formed around the perimeter 176 of the cafeteria table 170. In other versions, the cafeteria table 170 may have another tabletop shape 174, such as a rectangular tabletop shape, an oval tabletop shape, or another suitable shape.

[0163] like Figure 6B , Figure 6D , Figure 6F , Figure 6G As shown, each of the cafeteria tables 170 also includes one or more table air supply vents 82d connected to one or more table air supply ducts 78h. Figure 6B , Figure 6D , Figure 6F , Figure 6G As shown, one or more table air supply vents 82d include one or more desktop center vents 84a and one or more desktop side vents 84b, the one or more desktop center vents being designed for vertical airflow 31g (see...). Figure 6A , Figure 6C ) Flow out of one or more central portions 184 of the cafeteria table 170, the one or more tabletop side vents being designed for vertical airflow 31g (see Figure 6A , Figure 6C (The contents of the container) flow out of one or more tabletop side portions 186 of the cafeteria table 170. (Example) Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figure 6C , Figure 6D As shown, one or more table air supply vents 82d also include one or more table edge side vents 84c and one or more table underside vents 84d, the one or more table edge side vents being designed for horizontal airflow 31h to exit one or more table edges 188 of the cafeteria table 170 (see...). Figure 6B , Figure 6D The one or more under-table vents 84d are designed for horizontal airflow 31h to flow out of the under-table portion 190 of the cafeteria table 170.

[0164] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6EAs shown, the airflow system 10 includes one or more directional airflows 106 flowing between a dedicated air supply assembly 70a and a dedicated air return assembly 90a at each of a plurality of cafeteria tables 170 within the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20. Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, one or more directional airflows 106 include one or more first directional airflows 106a, which at least include purified air 30a. This purified air exits from one or more tabletop center vents 84a and from one or more table edge side vents 84c, then flows into the cafeteria 20, then into one or more airflow hoods 168, and finally into a dedicated return air assembly 90a. Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, one or more first directional airflows 106a include one or more air barriers 116 located between cafeteria occupants 28e at each of the plurality of cafeteria tables 170 and / or one or more of directional airflow fields 115 surrounding one or more cafeteria occupants 28e in a moving position 44a, a stationary position 44b, or a substantially stationary position 44c. The first directional airflows 106a have a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 feet / second to 10 feet / second (see [reference]). Figure 1 )flow.

[0165] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, one or more second directional airflows 106b, comprising at least purified air 30a, flow from one or more tabletop-side vents 84b into the cafeteria 20, then into one or more airflow hoods 168, and finally into a dedicated return air assembly 90a. The one or more second directional airflows 106b comprise an airflow field 118 at the cafeteria table 170 surrounding each of the cafeteria occupants 28e. All one or more second directional airflows 106b operate at a moderate airflow velocity 114b in the range of 0.1 ft / s to 1 ft / s (see [reference]). Figure 1 )flow.

[0166] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, one or more third directional airflows 106c, including at least purified air 30a, flow into the cafeteria 20 from one or more under-table vents 84d, into one or more airflow hoods 168, and then into a dedicated return air assembly 90a. The one or more third directional airflows 106c are configured to prevent one or more biological agents 34 (see...) from entering the cafeteria 20. Figure 1) and one or more chemical reagents 36 (see Figure 1 One or more of the following are slow-release mechanisms: One or more third directional airflows 106c at low airflow velocities 114a in the range of 0.01 ft / s to 0.1 ft / s (see [reference]). Figure 1 ) flow. The flow arrangement 120 of one or more directional airflows 106 in the cafeteria 20 (see...) Figure 1 This prevented the occupants of the self-service restaurant from contaminating each other.

[0167] like Figure 6C As shown, the cafeteria table 170 may also optionally include one or more sensors 25, such as one or more sound sensors 25a, coupled to the cafeteria table 170. The one or more sound sensors 25a can sense sounds from cafeteria occupants 28e (e.g., contaminated occupants 28b), such as sneezes 26 (see Figure 170). Figure 1 , Figure 6C ), and when a sneeze 26 is detected by one or more sound sensors 25a, one or more fourth directional airflows 106d can be activated (see Figure 6C ), which has very high airflow velocities in the range of 15 (fifteen) feet / second to 150 (one hundred and fifty) feet / second 114d (see Figure 1 In one version, the first directional airflow 106a can be activated (see...). Figure 6C ), to achieve an airflow velocity of 114 (see Figure 1 High airflow velocities in the range of 5 (v) feet / second to 10 (x) feet / second 114c (see Figure 1 The very high airflow velocities increased to the range of 15 (fifteen) feet per second to 150 (one hundred and fifty) feet per second 114d (see Figure 1 ), thus forming the fourth directional airflow 106d (see Figure 6C ).

[0168] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, the airflow system 10 also includes a control system 126 (e.g., a central control system 126a), which is positioned between the air management system 62 and the air purification system 50, which are connected to the internal airflow space 14, via a connector element 138 (e.g., a wireless connector element 138b). The connector element 138 may also include a wired connector element 138a (see...). Figure 2 ) or other suitable connector element 138. For example Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6EAs further shown, the control system 126 includes a sensor control network 128 for controlling the sensor 25, a controller 130, a power supply 132 for supplying power to the control system 126, and a computer 136 having software program 134.

[0169] Figure 6A This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 of the present disclosure for an internal airflow space 14 including a cafeteria 20 and indicating a nominal state 178, wherein there is no contaminated air 30d in the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20 (see [reference]). Figure 6C ). Figure 6A Two cafeteria tables 170 are shown, and two of the five occupants 28 seated at one cafeteria table 170 (e.g., the first cafeteria table 170a) (e.g., cafeteria occupants 28e) and three of the six occupants 28 seated at the other cafeteria table 170 (e.g., the second cafeteria table 1707) (e.g., cafeteria occupants 28e) are all seated in a stationary position 44b or a substantially stationary position 44c at the cafeteria table 170 on cafeteria chairs 182, and are not moving around. Figure 6A It is also shown that an occupant 28 (e.g., cafeteria occupant 28e, or a moving occupant 28k in moving position 44a) moves, for example, walking, in the cafeteria area 172 (e.g., the cafeteria public area 172a).

[0170] Figure 6A A gas supply assembly 70 (e.g., gas supply duct assembly 72) is shown, which includes one or more gas supply ducts 78, such as floor gas supply duct 78e and table gas supply duct 78h. Figure 6A As shown, the air supply duct 78 has a first supply end 74 connected to the air purification system 50 and a second supply end 76 connected to the internal airflow space 14. Figure 6A Also shown is a return air assembly 90 (e.g., a return air duct assembly 92), which includes one or more return air ducts 94, such as a ceiling return air duct 94d. Figure 6A As shown, one or more return air ducts 94 have a first return end 96 connected to the internal airflow space 14 and a second return end 98 connected to the air purification system 50. Figure 6A An ultraviolet lamp 100 in the return air duct 94 is also shown. The return air duct assembly 92, having the return air duct 94 (e.g., ceiling return air duct 94d), returns air 30 (e.g., recirculated air 30b) from the interior airflow space 14, which includes the cafeteria 20, to the air purification system 50. Figure 6A As further shown, the ceiling return air duct 94d includes an HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) return air duct 94e.

[0171] like Figure 6A As further shown, airflow 105 (e.g., directional airflow 106) flows at and around each of the plurality of cafeteria tables 170 in the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20, as well as at and around the moving occupants 28k and the occupants 28k seated at the cafeteria tables 170, between a dedicated air supply assembly 70a and a dedicated air return assembly 90a. Figure 6A As shown, a first directional airflow 106a, comprising at least purified air 30a, flows from a dedicated air supply assembly 70a through a floor air supply duct 78e, then through a floor air supply vent 82b, through a table air supply duct 78h, through a table air supply vent 82d (e.g., a center table vent 84a and a side table vent 84c), exits from a cafeteria table 170, flows into an airflow hood 168, then into a return air vent 104 (e.g., a ceiling return air vent 104a), and into a return air duct 94 (e.g., a ceiling return air duct 94d), ultimately exiting into an air purification system 50, where the recirculated air 30b is purified. The first directional airflow 106a includes one or more air barriers 116 between cafeteria occupants 28e at each of the plurality of cafeteria tables 170, and the first directional airflow 106a has a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 (quad) feet / second to 10 (ten) feet / second (see [reference]). Figure 1 Air barrier 116 is preferably activated when the cafeteria 20 has at least one occupant 28 (wherein, one occupant 28 is seated on one side of at least one occupant, or on either side of at least one occupant 28). If the cafeteria 20 is empty, air barrier 116 is preferably not activated. If the cafeteria 20 is sparsely populated, air barrier 116 can be activated where needed and where occupants 28 are seated at one or more cafeteria tables 170.

[0172] like Figure 6A As further shown, a second directional airflow 106b, comprising at least purified air 30a, flows from a dedicated air supply assembly 70a through a floor air supply duct 78e, through a floor air supply vent 82b, through a table air supply duct 78h, through a table air supply vent 82d (e.g., a tabletop side vent 84b), then out of the cafeteria table 170 and into an airflow hood 168, into a return air vent 104 (e.g., a ceiling return air vent 104a), into a return air duct 94 (e.g., a ceiling return air duct 94d), and then out to the air purification system 50, where the recirculated air 30b is purified.

[0173] like Figure 6AAs further shown, a third directional airflow 106c, including at least purified air 30a, flows from a dedicated air supply assembly 70a through a floor air supply duct 78e, through a floor air supply vent 82b, through a table air supply duct 78h, through a table air supply vent 82d (e.g., an under-table vent 84d), then out of the cafeteria table 170 and into an airflow hood 168, into a return air vent 104 (e.g., a ceiling return air vent 104a), then into a return air duct 94 (e.g., a ceiling return air duct 94d), and finally out to the air purification system 50, where the recirculated air 30b is purified.

[0174] Figure 6B for Figure 6A A top view of the cafeteria table 170, where the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20 is free of polluted air 30d (see...). Figure 6C ). Figure 6B The image shows a cafeteria 20 in nominal condition 178, wherein the interior 180 of cafeteria 20 is free of polluted air 30d (see [reference]). Figure 6C ).

[0175] Figure 6C This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 for a cafeteria 20 showing two cafeteria tables 170, wherein a contaminated occupant 28b is sitting at one of the cafeteria tables 170 and breathing contaminated air 30d from the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20 and sneezing 26. Figure 6C A cafeteria 20 in a contaminated state 141 (e.g., a contaminated cafeteria state 141b) is shown, with contaminated inhabitants 28b breathing contaminated air 30d from the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20. In one version, Figure 6C Also shown is a third air supply pipe 78c including a port 79 leading to compressed air 30g, which can be supplied at a very high pressure 80d (see [reference]). Figure 1 It is supplied under [the airflow], and can be activated, for example, when the inhabitant 28 in the internal airflow space 14 sneezes. In one version, Figure 6C A third return gas conduit 94c is also shown, which has a vacuum system or vacuum port 95 to operate at very high gas pressures 80d (see [link]). Figure 1 The compressed air 30g will be returned, and it can be activated, for example, when the inhabitant 28 in the internal airflow space 14 sneezes.

[0176] Figure 6D for Figure 6CThe illustration shows a top view of a cafeteria table 170, in which a contaminated occupant 28b is seated at one of the cafeteria tables 170 and breathing contaminated air 30d inside the cafeteria 20 interior 180. Figure 6D A cafeteria 20 in a contaminated state 141 (e.g., a contaminated cafeteria state 141b) is shown, with contaminated inhabitants 28b breathing contaminated air 30d into the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20.

[0177] Figure 6E This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 for a cafeteria 20 with two cafeteria tables 170, as disclosed herein, wherein there is a contaminated occupant 28b, a moving occupant 28k, who walks in the cafeteria area 172 (e.g., the cafeteria common area 172a) between the two cafeteria tables 170 and breathes contaminated air 30d in the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20. Figure 6E A cafeteria 20 in a contaminated state 141 (e.g., a contaminated cafeteria state 141b) is shown, with contaminated inhabitants 28b breathing contaminated air 30d into the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20.

[0178] Figure 6F for Figure 6E An illustration of a top view of a cafeteria table 170, wherein the cafeteria table 170 has a tabletop shape 174 (e.g., a circular tabletop shape 174a), and wherein there is a contaminated inhabitant 28b, which is a moving inhabitant 28k, walking in the cafeteria area 172 (e.g., in the cafeteria public area 172a) between two cafeteria tables 170 and breathing contaminated air 30d inside the cafeteria 20 interior 180. Figure 6F A cafeteria 20 in a contaminated state 141 (e.g., a contaminated cafeteria state 141b) is shown, with contaminated inhabitants 28b breathing contaminated air 30d into the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20.

[0179] Figure 6G The image shows a top view of a cafeteria table with a tabletop shape 174 (e.g., a fan-shaped tabletop shape 174b), and in which there exists a contaminated inhabitant 28b, a moving inhabitant 28k, walking in the cafeteria area 172 (e.g., the cafeteria common area 172a) between two cafeteria tables 170, and breathing contaminated air 30d inside the cafeteria 20 interior 180. Figure 6GA cafeteria 20 is shown in a contaminated state 141 (e.g., a contaminated cafeteria state 141b), with contaminated inhabitants 28b breathing contaminated air 30d into the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20. Figure 6G As shown, the fan-shaped tabletop 174b allows one or more air barriers 116 to more completely surround the cafeteria occupants 28e seated in the stationary position 44b.

[0180] Now refer to Figures 7A to 7B , Figures 7A to 7B An exemplary airflow system 10 of this disclosure is shown for an internal airflow space 14 including a restroom 22 in a building 12 (e.g., office building 12a). Figures 7A to 7B As shown, building 12 includes renovated building 12c. In another version, building 12 may include newly constructed building 12d (see...). Figure 1 ). Figure 7A This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 for a toilet 22 according to the present disclosure, wherein there is a contaminated occupant 28b (e.g., a toilet occupant 28g) sitting on the toilet seat 192 of the washbasin 194 in the toilet cubicle 196. Figure 7A As shown, the contaminated occupant 28b is breathing air 30 (e.g., breathing air 30e, e.g., contaminated air 30d) inside the toilet 22, 198 (e.g., toilet cubicle 196). Figure 7A The contaminated occupant 28b (e.g., toilet occupant 28g) is shown in position 44 (e.g., generally stationary position 44c) of the toilet 194 in the toilet cubicle 196. Figure 7A A toilet 22 in a contaminated state 141 (e.g., contaminated toilet state 141c) is shown. An airflow system 10 for toilet 22 prevents toilet occupants 28g (see...). Figure 7A They contaminate each other.

[0181] Figure 7B For use Figure 7A A front view illustration of the airflow system 10 of the toilet 22, showing a contaminated occupant 28b (e.g., toilet occupant 28g) sitting on the toilet seat 192 of the washbasin 194 in the toilet cubicle 196. Figure 7B As shown, the contaminated occupant 28b is breathing air 30, such as contaminated air 30d, inside the toilet 22 (e.g., in the toilet cubicle 196).

[0182] Toilet 22 includes at least one gas supply component 70 (see Figures 7A to 7B The gas supply assembly includes a dedicated gas supply assembly 70b for toilet cubicles (see...). Figure 7B ) and bathroom sink-specific air supply unit 70c (see Figure 7A ), and the bathroom includes at least one return air assembly 90 (see Figures 7A to 7B The return air assembly includes a proprietary return air assembly 90b for toilet cubicles (see...). Figures 7A to 7B .) and the 90c bathroom sink-specific air return component (see Figure 7A ).like Figure 7A As shown, the return air assembly 90 may include an ultraviolet lamp 100 located within the return air duct 94. The toilet 22 may also include a urinal-specific air supply assembly and a urinal-specific air return assembly.

[0183] like Figures 7A to 7B As shown, the bathroom 22 also includes a bathroom floor 200, a bathroom ceiling 202, and bathroom side walls 204. Figure 7A As shown, the toilet 22 also includes one or more toilet sinks 206 and a toilet area 208 (e.g., a toilet common area 208a) located between one or more toilet stalls 196 and one or more toilet sinks 206 for movement between the one or more toilet stalls 196 and one or more toilet sinks 206, and traversing the toilet floor 200. The toilet 22 may also include one or more urinals (not shown).

[0184] like Figure 7A As shown, the toilet 22 may also include one or more sensors 25, which are coupled to one or more portions 211 of the interior 198 of the toilet 22. In one version, as Figure 7A As shown, sensor 25 is connected to bathroom ceiling 202.

[0185] like Figure 7B As shown, the toilet cubicle 196 also includes toilet cubicle side sections 210 (e.g., two toilet cubicle side sections), each toilet cubicle side section having a wall cavity 154a with one or more air supply ducts 78 (e.g., one or more side wall air supply ducts 78d) and one or more air supply vents 82 (e.g., one or more side wall air supply vents 82a). Figure 7A As shown, the toilet cubicle 196 has a toilet cubicle door 212.

[0186] like Figure 7B As shown, the dedicated gas supply assembly 70b for toilet compartments includes one or more toilet compartment-side gas supply pipes 78j, which are located in one or more of the wall cavities 154a of the two toilet compartment side portions 210 of each of the one or more toilet compartments 196. Figure 7BAs shown, the dedicated air supply assembly 70b for toilet cubicles also includes one or more toilet cubicle-side air supply vents 82f, which are located in one or more of the two toilet cubicle sides 210 of each of the one or more toilet cubicles 196.

[0187] like Figure 7A As shown, the bathroom sink-specific air supply assembly 70c includes one or more air supply pipes 78 (e.g., one or more sidewall air supply pipes 78d located in one or more wall cavities 154b of the bathroom sidewall 204, such as one or more bathroom sink air supply pipes 78k) and one or more air supply vents 82 (e.g., one or more sidewall air supply vents 82a located in one or more of the bathroom sidewall 204, such as one or more bathroom sink air supply vents 82g). Figure 7A As further shown, the sidewall air supply duct 78d also has one or more air supply vents 82 (e.g., one or more sidewall air supply vents 82a, e.g., one or more bathroom area air supply vents 82k).

[0188] like Figures 7A to 7B As shown, the toilet cubicle-specific return air assembly 90b includes one or more return air ducts 94 (e.g., one or more ceiling return air ducts 94d, such as one or more toilet cubicle ceiling return air ducts 94g located in the toilet ceiling 202). Figures 7A to 7B As shown, the toilet cubicle dedicated return air assembly 90b also includes one or more return air vents 104 (e.g., one or more ceiling return air vents 104a, such as one or more toilet cubicle ceiling return air vents 104d located in the toilet ceiling 202).

[0189] like Figure 7A As shown, the bathroom sink-specific return air assembly 90c includes one or more return air pipes 94 (e.g., one or more ceiling return air pipes 94d, such as one or more bathroom sink ceiling return air pipes 94h located in the bathroom ceiling 202). Figure 7A As shown, the bathroom sink return air assembly 90c also includes one or more return air vents 104 (e.g., one or more ceiling return air vents 104a, such as one or more bathroom sink ceiling return air vents 104e located in the bathroom ceiling 202).

[0190] like Figure 7A As shown, each air supply duct 78 has a first supply end 74 connected to the air purification system 50 and a second supply end 76 connected to the internal airflow space 14. Figure 7AAs further shown, each return air duct 94 has a first return end 96 connected to the internal airflow space 14 and a second return end 98 connected to the air purification system 50.

[0191] like Figure 7A As shown, the toilet 22 may also include one or more partitions 214 connected to one or more of the toilet sidewalls 204 and positioned adjacent to or near one or more sides 216 of one or more toilet sinks 206 to separate each of the toilet sinks 206. The partitions 214 separate the toilet occupants 28g substantially from each other at the toilet sinks 206 and in the toilet area 208 (e.g., the toilet common area 208a). See below. Figure 7C Let’s discuss partition 214 in more detail.

[0192] like Figure 7A As shown, airflow 105 (e.g., directional airflow 106) flows within the toilet sink 206 of the interior 198 of the toilet 22, the toilet area 208, and the toilet cubicle 196, between dedicated air supply assembly 70a and dedicated air return assembly 90a, for example, around the toilet occupant 28g (see...). Figure 7B ) flow. For example... Figure 7A As shown, a first directional airflow 106a, comprising at least purified air 30a, flows from a dedicated air supply assembly 70a through a sidewall air supply duct 78d, through a sidewall air supply vent 82a, and into a return air vent 104 (e.g., a ceiling return air vent 104a), then into a return air duct 94 (e.g., a ceiling return air duct 94d), and then out to an air purification system 50, where recirculated air 30b is purified. The first directional airflow 106a includes one or more air barriers 116 located at partitions 214 between one or more toilet sinks 206, and includes a directional airflow field 115 located in a toilet area 208 (e.g., a public toilet area 208a, for example, if a toilet occupant 28g is standing or moving in toilet area 208). The first directional airflow 106a has a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 (four) feet / second to 10 (ten) feet / second (see...). Figure 1 )flow.

[0193] like Figure 7BAs further shown, an airflow 105 (e.g., a directional airflow 106, such as a second directional airflow 106b) comprising at least purified air 30a flows from a dedicated air supply assembly 70a through a side wall air supply duct 78d, through a side wall air supply vent 82a, through a toilet cubicle 196, and into a return air vent 104 (e.g., a ceiling return air vent 104a), then into a return air duct 94 (e.g., a ceiling return air duct 94d), and then out to the air purification system 50, where the recirculated air 30b is purified.

[0194] Figure 7A A control system 126 positioned between the air management system 62 and the air purification system 50 via a connector element 138 (e.g., wired connector element 138a) is also shown. Connector element 138 may also include a wireless connector element 138b (see [link to documentation]). Figure 6A ) or other suitable connector element 138. Figure 7A Sensor control network 128, controller 130, power supply 132, and computer 136 with software program 134 are also shown.

[0195] Now refer to Figure 7C , Figure 7C For partitions 214 (e.g., first partition 214a and second partition 214b) for use in Figure 7A Bathroom 22 bathroom sink 206 (see Figure 7A Side 216 (see) Figure 7A A three-dimensional diagram of the surrounding or nearby areas is shown, and airflow 31 is shown entering, passing through and leaving the partition 214.

[0196] like Figure 7C As shown, each partition 214 includes two panels 218 (e.g., a first panel 218a and a second panel 218b) that are joined together in a spaced-apart relationship 220 to form a generally hollow cavity 222. The two panels 218 may be made of a transparent material 224 (see Figure 224). Figure 7C It is made of opaque, non-opaque, or other suitable material. For example... Figure 7C As shown, each partition 214 also includes one or more spacer members 226 that are connected to each of the two panels 218 and span the interior portion 228 of the generally hollow cavity 222 of the two panels 218. Figure 7C As shown, an airflow 31 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) flows through each of one or more partitions 214 to provide one or more air barriers 116. The one or more air barriers 116 provide respiratory isolation 112 between toilet occupants 28g, which may be located adjacent to each other at toilet sinks 206 (see Figure 116). Figure 1).

[0197] like Figure 7C As further shown, the airflow 31 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) is supplied via an air supply duct 78, wherein the first supply end 74 is connected to the air purification system 50. A first portion 230a of the purified air 30a flows out from the top outlet 232a of the first partition 214a and flows toward the bathroom ceiling 202 (see...). Figure 7A A second portion 230b of purified air 30a flows through the generally hollow cavity 222 of the first partition 214a and exits through the front outlet 234 of the first partition 214a, then proceeds to the front inlet 236 or air inlet on the second partition 214b. The second portion 230b of purified air 30a flows through the generally hollow cavity 222 of the second partition 214b and exits at the rear outlet 238 of the second partition 214b. A third portion 230c of purified air 30a is also supplied to the rear inlet 240 of the second partition 214b, and this third portion 230c exits from the top outlet 232b of the second partition 214b and flows toward the bathroom ceiling 202 (see...). Figure 7A ).

[0198] Now refer to Figures 8A to 8B , Figure 8A This is a side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 for an internal airflow space 14 of an elevator 24 in a building 12 (e.g., office building 12a). Building 12 may be a renovated building 12c (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ) or new buildings 12d (see Figure 1 ). Figure 8A A contaminated occupant 28b (e.g., elevator occupant 28h) is shown, who is positioned (e.g., standing) in a stationary position 44b between elevator partitions 242 in elevator compartment 244 and is breathing contaminated air 30d. Figure 8B This is a top view of the airflow system 10 for elevator 24 disclosed herein, wherein each occupant 28 (e.g., each elevator occupant 28h) is positioned (e.g., standing) at a rest position 44b between elevator partitions 242 in elevator compartment 244.

[0199] like Figure 8A As shown, elevator 24 includes: at least one air supply assembly 70, which includes a dedicated air supply assembly 70a; at least one air return assembly 90, which includes a dedicated air return assembly 90a; elevator floor 246 (see also...) Figure 8B ); Elevator ceiling 248; Multiple elevator sidewalls 250 (see also) Figure 8B ); Elevator door 252 (see also) Figure 8B ); one or more elevator partitions 242 (see also) Figure 8B); one or more sensors 25, which are connected to the interior 256 of the elevator 24 (see also) Figure 8B One or more portions 254 of the elevator, for example, connected to the elevator ceiling 248; and the elevator area 258 (see also...) Figure 8B (For example, elevator common area 258a (see also)) Figure 8B It is located between elevator door 252 and one or more elevator compartments 244 for movement between elevator door 252 and one or more elevator compartments 244, and across elevator floor 246 and through elevator 24.

[0200] One or more sensors 25 in elevator 24 may include one or more sound sensors 25a (see Figure 6A ), to detect or sense sounds from cafeteria occupants 28e (e.g., contaminated occupants 28b), such as sneezing 26 (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C And when a sneeze 26 is detected or sensed by one or more sound sensors 25a, one or more fourth directional airflows 106d can be activated (see Figure 6C This airflow has a very high air velocity in the range of 15 (fifteen) feet / second to 150 (one hundred and fifty) feet / second 114d (see Figure 1 Similar to cafeteria 20, elevator 24 has a first directional airflow 106a (see...). Figure 8A It can be activated to increase the airflow speed to 114 (see...) Figure 1 High airflow velocities ranging from 5 (v) feet / second to 10 (x) feet / second 114c (see Figure 1 The very high airflow velocities increased to the range of 15 (fifteen) feet per second to 150 (one hundred and fifty) feet per second 114d (see Figure 1 ), to form the fourth directional airflow 106d (see Figure 6C When airflow 105 (e.g., one or more directional airflows 106, e.g., one or more fourth directional airflows 106d (see...) Figure 6C )) has a very high airflow velocity 114d (e.g., surge airflow 31e (see Figure 1 When they are activated, they may be activated by inhabitant 28 (e.g., contaminated inhabitant 28b), sneezing, and sound sensor 25a (see Figure 1 The system detected the situation and immediately and rapidly reduced the airflow velocity to 114 (see [reference]). Figure 1The airflow velocity is increased to a very high speed 114d, that is, fast enough to prevent any sneezing droplets from crossing the air barrier 116 between and / or around the inhabitants 28. After a few seconds, the very high airflow velocity 114d can be reduced back to a high airflow velocity 114c, as those sneezing droplets have been consumed by the return air duct 94. Furthermore, in situations where the threat increases, such as during a biological weapon release 40 (see...),... Figure 1 ), chemical weapons release 42 (see Figure 1 In the event of an epidemic 38 or other threatening events, the volume and velocity of the airflow 31 for the elevator 24 and the air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) throughout the building 12 can be increased.

[0201] like Figure 8A As shown, the elevator floor 246 has a floor cavity 259, which is supplied with air from the air purification system 50 (e.g., pressurization chamber 58, see...). Figure 1 Air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a). For example... Figure 8A As shown, the elevator floor 246 has one or more air supply ducts 78 (e.g., one or more floor air supply ducts 78e) and one or more air supply vents 82 (e.g., one or more floor air supply vents 82b) within a floor cavity 259. The floor cavity 259 or opening is hollow to accommodate or serve as one or more air supply ducts 78, such as one or more floor air supply ducts 78e. Figures 8A to 8B As shown, in one version, elevator floor 246 may include a grid floor 88 with grid floor vents 86, which supplies air 30, such as purified air 30a, from floor cavity 259 and air purification system 50.

[0202] like Figure 8B As shown, elevator partition 242 is connected to or attached to multiple elevator sidewalls 250. For example... Figure 8B As further shown, the elevator partition 242 forms the elevator compartment 244 by defining the side portion 260 (e.g., two side portions 260) of each of the elevator compartments 244 using the elevator partition 242 (e.g., two elevator partitions 242), and the elevator compartment 244 is configured to accommodate and reliably accommodate the elevator occupant 28h.

[0203] like Figure 8AAs shown, elevator partition 242 is connected to air supply duct 78 (e.g., floor air supply duct 78e), which allows directional airflow 106 (e.g., first directional airflow 106a) to flow upward from elevator floor 246 to elevator ceiling 248, and includes one or more air barriers 116 surrounding elevator occupant 28h in elevator compartment 244. Preferably, the one or more air barriers 116 have a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 (quadr) feet / second to 10 (de) feet / second (see...). Figure 1 )flow. Figure 8A Also shown is a directional airflow field 115 consisting of a first directional airflow 106a. This directional airflow field 115 provides a direct return airflow path 46, such as a short return airflow direct path 46a. Preferably, the directional airflow field 115 has a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 (quadrilateral) feet / second to 10 (decade) feet / second (see [reference]). Figure 1 ) flow. For example... Figure 8A As shown, air 30 (e.g., contaminated air 30d) flows from the contaminated occupant 28b to the elevator ceiling 248 as recirculated air 30b, and is drawn into the return air vent 104 (e.g., ceiling return air vent 104a) and the return air duct 94 (e.g., ceiling return air duct 94d), and then flows to the air purification system 50 for purification. Figure 8A Also shown is an airflow field 118 consisting of a second directional airflow 106b flowing from the elevator floor 246 to the elevator ceiling 248. This airflow field 118 has a moderate airflow velocity 114b in the range of 0.1 (0.1) feet / second to 1 (-) feet / second (see Figure 1 )flow. Figure 8A The internal air 30c is also shown.

[0204] like Figure 8B As further shown, elevator partition 242 is arranged between elevator occupants 28h in elevator compartment 244. Figure 8B As shown, a separate air barrier 116 is formed in front of each elevator occupant 28h between adjacent elevator partitions 242 (e.g., first elevator partition 242a and second elevator partition 242b). Preferably, the air barrier 116 has a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 (quadrilateral) feet / second to 10 (decade) feet / second (see [reference]). Figure 1 The flow is as follows: Adjacent elevator partitions 242 (e.g., first elevator partition 242a and second elevator partition 242b) alternate between serving as supply or return bodies.

[0205] like Figure 8BAs shown, the two elevator partitions 242 include a first elevator partition 242a and a second elevator partition 242 aligned with and spaced apart from the first elevator partition 242a, wherein an elevator compartment 244a is formed between the first elevator partition 242a and the second elevator partition 242b. It has a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 feet per second to 10 feet per second (see...). Figure 1 The airflow 31 at the edge 262a of the first elevator partition 242a (see Figure 8B ) and the edge 262b of the second elevator partition 242b (see Figure 8B The airflow 31 of high airflow velocity 114c flows between the elevator compartments 244a to form an air barrier 116 in front of the elevator passengers 28h who are in a stationary position 44b or substantially stationary position 44c in each elevator compartment 244a. The airflow 31 of high airflow velocity 114c forms a protective virtual barrier 117 in front of each elevator occupant 28h in each elevator compartment 244a between the two elevator partitions 242 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 8B The elevator occupant 28h only encounters the airflow 31 with a high airflow velocity 114c when it crosses the air barrier 116. The elevator occupant 28h is only exposed to the airflow 31 with a high airflow velocity 114c for a short period during the elevator's ascent or descent. In one version, the airflow 31 with a high airflow velocity 114c can be reduced to a lower airflow velocity 114 when the elevator occupant 28h crosses the air barrier 116. Sensor 25 (see...) Figure 8A It can detect when an elevator occupant crosses the air barrier 116 within 28 hours. (For example...) Figure 8B As shown, adjacent partitions alternate between a first elevator partition 242a (e.g., supply elevator partition 242c) and a second elevator partition 242b (e.g., return elevator partition 242d).

[0206] Now refer to Figures 9A to 9B , Figures 9A to 9B Versions of the elevator partition 242 and its arrangement are shown. Figure 9A for Figure 8A A 3D view of elevator partition 242. Figure 9B for Figure 8A and Figure 8B A perspective view of an elevator compartment 244 in an elevator 24 having two (2) elevator partitions 242 (e.g., a first elevator partition 242a in the form of a supply elevator partition 242c and a second elevator partition 242b in the form of a return elevator partition 242d) and showing airflow 31 entering, passing through and leaving the elevator partitions 242. Figure 9C for Figure 8BA perspective view of three (3) elevator compartments 244 in elevator 24, each compartment having an elevator partition 242 that defines the side portion 260 of each elevator compartment 244, and showing airflow 31 entering, passing through and leaving the elevator partition 242.

[0207] like Figure 9A As shown, each elevator partition 242 includes two panels 264 or sheets (e.g., a first panel 264a and a second panel 264b), which are joined together in a spaced-apart relationship 220a to form a generally hollow cavity 222a. The two panels 264 may be made of a transparent material 224a (see Figure 224a). Figure 9A It is made of opaque, non-opaque, or other suitable material. For example... Figure 9A As shown, the elevator partition 242 also includes one or more spacer members 226a that are connected to each of the two panels 264 and span the interior portion 228a of the generally hollow cavity 222a of the panel 264. The spacer members 226a between the two panels 264 or sheet materials provide sufficient structural stiffness. In another version, a web may be used instead of a cylindrical spacer member.

[0208] like Figure 9B As shown, an airflow 31 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) flows through each of one or more elevator partitions 242 (e.g., a first elevator partition 242a in the form of a supply elevator partition 242c and a second elevator partition 242b in the form of a return elevator partition 242d) to provide one or more air barriers 116. These one or more air barriers 116 are located in elevator occupants 28h in adjacent elevator compartments 244 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 8B Provide respiratory isolation between 112 (see Figure 1 ).

[0209] like Figure 9B As further shown, the airflow 31 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) is supplied via an air supply duct 78, wherein the first supply end 74 is connected to the air purification system 50. Figure 9B As further shown, purified air 30a flows through the generally hollow cavity 222a of the first elevator partition 242a and exits from the front outlet 234a (e.g., edge 262a or outlet) of the first elevator partition 242a, and travels to the front inlet 236a on the second elevator partition 242, such as edge 262b or inlet. Purified air 30a flows through the generally hollow cavity 222a of the second elevator partition 242b and is discharged at the rear outlet 238a of the second elevator partition 242b. Figure 9BAs shown, the space 266 between the first elevator partition 242a and the second elevator partition 242b will have a positive pressure 268 or a negative pressure 270.

[0210] Figure 9C Three (3) elevator compartments 244 (e.g., first elevator compartment 244b, second elevator compartment 244c and third elevator compartment 244d) are shown, each elevator compartment having elevator partitions 242, such as first elevator partition 242a and second elevator partition 242b defining the side portion 260 of the first elevator compartment 244b, second elevator partition 242b and third elevator partition 242e defining the side portion 260 of the second elevator compartment 244c, and third elevator partition 242e and fourth elevator partition 242f defining the side portion 260 of the third elevator compartment 244d, and airflow 31 of purified air 30a entering, passing through and leaving the elevator partitions 242 are shown.

[0211] like Figure 9C As shown, an airflow 31 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) flows through each of one or more elevator partitions 242 to provide an air barrier 116. This air barrier 116 is located in elevator occupants 28h in adjacent elevator compartments 244 (see [reference]). Figure 8B Provide respiratory isolation between 112 (see Figure 1 ).

[0212] like Figure 9C As further shown, the airflow 31 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) is supplied via an air supply duct 78 having a supply first end 74 connected to the air purification system 50, and recirculated air 30b returns to the air purification system 50 via a return air duct 94 having a return second end 98. Figure 9C As further shown, purified air 30a flows through the generally hollow cavity 222a of the first elevator partition 242a and exits from the front outlet 234a (e.g., edge 262a or outlet) of the first elevator partition 242a, then travels to the front inlet 236a on the second elevator partition 242, such as edge 262b or inlet. Purified air 30a flows through the generally hollow cavity 222a of the second elevator partition 242b and exits at the rear outlet 238a of the second elevator partition 242b. Figure 9C As shown, the space 266 between the first elevator partition 242a and the second elevator partition 242b will have a positive pressure 268 or a negative pressure 270.

[0213] Now refer to Figures 10A to 10D , Figures 10A to 10D It shows Figure 8AAn exemplary airflow system 10 for an internal airflow space 14 including an elevator 24, wherein the elevator 24 has a spiral hose system 272 with spiral hoses 274 (e.g., supply spiral hose 274a and return spiral hose 274b). Figure 10A For the purposes of this disclosure Figure 8A A side view of an exemplary airflow system 10 for elevator 24, and showing a spiral hose system 272 with a spiral hose 274. The spiral hose 274 allows for vertical movement 276 of elevator 24 (see [reference]). Figure 10A This occurs without affecting (e.g., changing) the supply volume 278 of the air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) of the airflow system 10.

[0214] like Figure 10A As shown, the airflow system 10 includes an air supply assembly 70 (e.g., a dedicated air supply assembly 70a) that includes a spiral hose 274, such as an air supply spiral hose 274a supported by a plurality of support members 280 (e.g., a plurality of air supply support members 280a spaced apart along the length 282a of the air supply spiral hose 274a). Figure 10A As further shown, the airflow system 10 includes a return air assembly 90 (e.g., a dedicated return air assembly 90a), which includes a spiral hose 274, such as a return air spiral hose 274b supported by a plurality of support members 280 (e.g., a plurality of return air support members 280b spaced apart along the length 282b of the return air spiral hose 274b). The supply air spiral hose 274a and the return air spiral hose 274b allow for the vertical movement 276 of the elevator 24 (see [link to original text]). Figure 10A The supply volume 278 of air 30 (e.g., purified air 30a) in the air supply spiral hose 274 is maintained without affecting (e.g., altering) the supply volume (see [reference]). Figure 10A This occurs under the condition that the return volume 284 of the air 30 (e.g., recirculated air 30b) in the return spiral hose 274b is not affected (e.g., altered). Both the supply spiral hose 274a and the return spiral hose 274b are flexible, so they can be easily retracted and extended. With the extension and retraction of the supply spiral hose 274a and the return spiral hose 274b, the supply volume 278 inside the supply spiral hose 274a and the return volume 284 inside the return spiral hose 274b do not change significantly.

[0215] like Figure 10A As shown, the air supply spiral hose 274a is supported by a plurality of air supply support members 280a spaced apart along the air supply spiral hose 274a. The air supply support members 280a may include pulleys with radii proportional to the drive pulleys that move the elevator 24, or may include other suitable air supply support members 280a. Figure 10A As further shown, the return air spiral hose 274b is supported by a plurality of return air support members 280b spaced apart along the return air spiral hose 274b. The return air support members 280b may include pulleys whose radius is proportional to the drive pulley that moves the elevator 24, or may include other suitable return air support members 280b.

[0216] Figure 10B for Figure 10A A side view of the airflow system 10 and the elevator 24, showing the elevator motion sequence 286, such as the first position 286a of the elevator motion sequence 286a. Figure 10B As shown, in the first position 286a, the elevator 24 is in a lower height position 288, and the air supply spiral hose 274a with the air supply support member 280a is in a retracted position 290 (e.g., fully retracted position 290a), while the return air spiral hose 274b with the return air support member 280b is in an extended position 292, e.g., fully extended position 292a.

[0217] Figure 10C for Figure 10A A side view of the airflow system 10 and the elevator 24, showing the second position 286b of the elevator motion sequence 286. (See attached image.) Figure 10C As shown, in the second position 286, the elevator 24 moves to the intermediate height position 296 along the upward direction 294a, and the air supply spiral hose 274a with the air supply support member 280a is in the extended position 292 (e.g., the partially extended position 292b), while the return air spiral hose 274b with the return air support member 280b is also in the extended position 292, for example, the partially extended position 292b.

[0218] Figure 10D for Figure 10A A side view of the airflow system 10 and the elevator 24, showing the third position 286c of the elevator motion sequence 286. (As shown) Figure 10D As shown, in the third position 286c, the elevator 24 moves further upward along the upward direction 294b to the upper height position 298, and the air supply spiral hose 274a with the air supply support member 280a is in the extended position 292 (e.g., fully extended position 292a), while the return air spiral hose 274b with the return air support member 280b is in the retracted position 290, e.g., fully retracted position 290a.

[0219] Now refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 The flowchart illustrates an exemplary version of method 400 of this disclosure. In another version of this disclosure, a method 400 is provided that uses building 12 (e.g., office building 12a (see...)). Figure 1 ) or commercial building 12b (see Figure 1 The airflow system 10 in the building 12 provides airflow for one or more occupants 28 (see...) Figure 1 (For example, one or more human inhabitants 28a (see Figure 1 Provides pollution mitigation 48 (see Figure 1 ). Figure 11 The boxes in the diagram represent operations and / or parts or components thereof, and the lines connecting the boxes do not imply any particular order or dependency of the operations or parts or components thereof. Figure 11 The disclosure of the steps of method 400 described herein should not be construed as meaning that the order in which the steps are performed must be determined. Rather, although an exemplary order is indicated, it should be understood that the order of the steps can be modified where appropriate. Thus, some operations may be performed in a different order or simultaneously.

[0220] like Figure 11 As shown, method 400 includes the step of installing airflow system 10 402 in building 12. (As described above regarding...) Figure 1 As discussed in detail, the airflow system 10 includes at least one air purification system 50, which provides purified air 30a and receives recirculated air 30b.

[0221] like Figure 1 As shown, the airflow system 10 also includes at least one air supply assembly 70 that supplies purified air 30a from at least one air purification system 50 to at least one interior airflow space 14 in the building 12. In the building 12, at least one interior airflow space 14 includes a passageway 16 (see...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 3A to 3H , Figure 4 ), buffet restaurant 20 (see Figure 1 , Figures 6A to 6G Toilet 22 (see) Figure 1 , Figures 7A to 7B ) and elevator 24 (see Figure 1 , Figures 8A to 8B , Figures 10A to 10D One or more of the following. One or more occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6A , Figure 7A , Figure 8B The time period 45 is within the range of 5 (five) seconds to 59 (fifty-nine) minutes (see...) Figure 1 (For example, a short time period 45a (see...) Figure 1 Position 44 within at least one internal airflow space 14 (see) Figure 1, Figure 2 , Figure 6A , Figure 7A , Figure 8A Position 44 includes motion position 44a (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), stationary position 44b (see Figure 1 , Figure 6A ) or roughly at rest position 44c (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A )one of the.

[0222] like Figure 1 As shown, the airflow system 10 also includes at least one return air assembly 90 that returns recirculated air 30b from at least one internal airflow space 14 to at least one air purification system 50. The recirculated air 30b comprises internal air 30c from at least one internal airflow space 14 and air purified by one or more biological agents 34 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 1 ) and one or more chemical reagents 36 (see Figure 1 One or more of the polluted air types 30 days (see [reference]) Figure 1 One or more of the biological agents, including or comprising one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 ) One or more biological reagents that flow out 34.

[0223] like Figure 1 As shown, the airflow system 10 also includes one or more airflows 105 (e.g., one or more directional airflows 106) formed between at least one air supply assembly 70 and at least one air return assembly 90 in at least one internal airflow space 14. The one or more directional airflows 106 include one or more of purified air 30a, internal air 30c, and contaminated air 30d.

[0224] One or more directional airflows 106 in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 This includes: surrounding one or more occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 Each of the ) and one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The directional airflow field 115 for each of them (see) Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), thus providing breathing air for each of one or more of the occupyers 28 and each of one or more of the contaminated occupyers 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 2Provides a direct path for the return airflow 46 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), and provide respiratory isolation 112 for each of one or more occupants 28 and each of one or more contaminated occupants 28b (see Figure 1 ); in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C ) in which one or more occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C Each of them and one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C One or more air barriers 116 between each of them (see) Figure 1 , Figure 6C ), to prevent the breathing air 30e breathed by each of one or more of the occupyers 28 and each of one or more of the contaminated occupyers 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C ) traverses one or more air barriers 116 and provides respiratory isolation 112 for each of one or more occupants 28 and each of one or more contaminated occupants 28b and between them (see Figure 1 ); and in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A In ), around which is positioned at rest 44b (see Figure 1 ) or roughly at rest position 44b (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A One or more of the occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A Each of the ) and one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A The airflow field of each of them 118 (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A ), wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity 114 that is smaller than the airflow velocity 114 of the directional airflow field 115 and one or more air barriers 116 (see Figure 1 ).

[0225] like Figure 1 As shown, the airflow system 10 also includes at least one control system 126 for controlling the airflow system 10. Installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may further include: installing one or more sensors 25 optionally positioned in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see...). Figure 1 ) airflow system 10.

[0226] like Figure 11As shown, method 400 also includes the step of supplying purified air 30a from at least one air purification system 50 to at least one internal airflow space 14 in building 12 using at least one air supply assembly 70.

[0227] like Figure 11 As shown, method 400 further includes the step of flowing one or more airflows 105 (e.g., one or more directional airflows 106) between at least one air supply assembly 70 and at least one air return assembly 90 in at least one internal airflow space 14, thereby forming or including at least one or more of directional airflow fields 115, one or more air barriers 116, and airflow fields 118 for each of one or more inhabitants 28 (including one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b) in at least one internal airflow space 14.

[0228] like Figure 11 As shown, method 400 further includes the step of returning recirculated air 30b from at least one internal airflow space 14 to at least one air purification system 50 using at least one return air assembly 90.

[0229] Airflow system 10 provides pollution mitigation 48 for each of one or more inhabitants 28 in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 ), to resist contamination by one or more biological agents 34 (including one or more biological agents 34 flowing out from each of one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b in at least one internal airflow space 14) and one or more chemical agents 36.

[0230] The steps of installing the airflow system 10 402 in building 12 may also include: in renovating building 12c (see...) Figure 1 Install and refurbish the refurbished airflow system 10a in ) (see Figure 1 ).

[0231] The steps of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may also include: in the newly constructed building 12d (see...) Figure 1 Install a new airflow system 10b in (see) Figure 1 ).

[0232] The step of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may further include: installing the airflow system 10, in which at least one air supply component 70 includes an air supply duct assembly 72 (including one or more air supply ducts 78). The one or more air supply ducts 78 include one or more sidewall air supply ducts 78d, one or more floor air supply ducts 78e, one or more ceiling air supply ducts 78f, one or more table air supply ducts 78h, one or more partition air supply ducts 78i, or one or more of another suitable air supply duct 78.

[0233] At least one air supply component 70 includes one or more air supply vents 82 configured to open and close to control the airflow 31 of purified air 30a into at least one internal airflow space 14. The one or more air supply vents 82 include one or more sidewall air supply vents 82a, one or more floor air supply vents 82b, one or more ceiling air supply vents 82c, one or more table air supply vents 82d, one or more partition air supply vents 82e, or another suitable air supply vent.

[0234] The step of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may further include: installing the airflow system 10, wherein at least one return air assembly 90 includes a return air duct assembly 92 (see Figure 1 The return gas duct assembly 92 includes one or more return gas ducts 94 (see...). Figure 1 (including one or more ceiling return air ducts 94d) and one or more return air vents 104 (including one or more ceiling return air vents 104a).

[0235] The step of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may further include: installing the airflow system 10 in cases where one or more biological agents 34 include one or more of the following: airborne biological agent 34a (see Figure 1Airborne pathogens, respiratory pathogens, airborne viruses, respiratory viruses, airborne microorganisms, respiratory microorganisms, airborne coronaviruses (including SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome)), Ebola virus, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Marburg virus, influenza viruses (including airborne influenza viruses, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, influenza C virus, avian influenza and swine influenza), smallpox virus, monkeypox virus, pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, pulmonary aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, pneumonic plague, airborne spores of black mold, ricin fog and ricin powder.

[0236] The step of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may further include: installing the airflow system 10 in cases where one or more chemical reagents 36 include one or more of the following: airborne chemical reagent 36a (see Figure 1 ( ), respiratory chemicals, phenoxy herbicides, asphyxiating agents (including chlorine, chloropicrin, diphosgene and phosgene); frothers, including sulfur mustard, nitrogen mustard, Lewis acids and phosgene oxime; blood reagents, including hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride and arsine; and nerve agents, including tabun, sarin, soman, cyclosporine and Agent X.

[0237] The step of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may further include: including a passageway 16 in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 Install airflow system 10 in the case of ). In one version, such as Figure 2 As shown, the passageway 16 has an air supply assembly 70 including a dedicated air supply assembly 70a, an air return assembly 90 including a dedicated air return assembly 90a, a passageway floor 146, a passageway ceiling 148, and a plurality of passageway sidewalls 150.

[0238] like Figure 2 As shown, the corridor ceiling 148 includes one or more ceiling return air ducts 94d and one or more return air vents 104, which return purified air 30a and interior air 30c (including any contaminated air 30d) from the interior 140 of the corridor 16 as recirculated air 30b. One or more return air vents 104 are positioned at the corridor ceiling 148 such that one or more airflows 105 (see...) Figure 2 (For example, one or more directional airflows 106 (see...) Figure 2 Formed and included around the Occupants 28 (see Figure 1 ,2) (for example, contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 )) directional airflow field 115 to prevent office cubicles 18 (see Figure 2 The office cubicles in ) occupied 28 days (see Figure 2 ) Breathing any contaminated air from contaminated occupant 28b in passageway 16 for 30 days (see Figure 2 ).

[0239] like Figure 3A As shown, the plurality of corridor sidewalls 150 include a corridor entrance sidewall 150a, a corridor exit sidewall 150b, and one or more intermediate corridor sidewalls 150c located between the corridor entrance sidewall 150a and the corridor exit sidewall 150b. Figure 3A As shown, the passageway 16 also includes one or more sensors 25 positioned at the passageway 16. The sensors 25 are configured to detect and accurately determine the position 142 of a moving occupant 28k moving along the passageway 16 (see Figure 142). Figure 2 ) and speed of motion 143 (see Figure 2 Sensor 25 is also configured to activate the purified air 30a supplied to the passageway 16 (see...). Figure 2 The airflow velocity is 114 (see...) Figure 1 The control of the airflow speed is activated so that the airflow speed 114 matches the movement speed 143 of the moving occupant 28k.

[0240] When one or more sensors 25 detect a moving inhabitant 28k in the passageway 16, purified air 30a is supplied in the passageway 16, and as the moving inhabitant 28k moves along the passageway 16, a moving airflow 31a is formed around and includes the moving inhabitant 29k (see [link]). Figure 2 ) directional airflow field 115 (see Figure 2 ). By the movement occupyers 29k (see Figure 2 ) Breathing air 30e (see Figure 2 In the return airflow direct path 46 (e.g., short return airflow direct path 46a (see...) Figure 2 The gas is directly returned to the dedicated return gas assembly 90a (see...). Figure 2 ), to prevent any contaminated air from being breathed by the active inhabitants for 28k days (see Figure 2 () Spread to any one of the one or more occupants 28 in the passageway 16 and the building 12.

[0241] The step of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may further include: installing the airflow system 10 in at least one internal airflow space 14, including the cafeteria 20. For example... Figure 6AAs shown, the cafeteria 20 has at least one gas supply assembly 70 (including a dedicated gas supply assembly 70a), at least one return gas assembly 90 (including a dedicated return gas assembly 90a), a cafeteria floor 162, a cafeteria ceiling 164, a cafeteria side wall 166 (of which at least one cafeteria side wall 166 has a cafeteria door (not shown) or an entrance (not shown)), and a plurality of cafeteria tables 170, which have one or more gas supply ducts 78, such as one or more table gas supply ducts 78h. Figure 6A As shown, the cafeteria 20 also includes one or more airflow hoods 168, which are connected to the cafeteria ceiling 164 and positioned above one or more table air supply ducts 78h. Figure 6A As shown, the cafeteria 20 may also include one or more sensors 25 coupled to one or more of the plurality of cafeteria tables 170, such as one or more sound sensors 25a, one or more motion sensors for detecting the presence of occupants 28, or one or more other types of sensors 25. Figure 6A As shown, the cafeteria 20 also includes one or more cafeteria areas 172 (e.g., one or more cafeteria common areas 172a) between a plurality of cafeteria tables 170 for movement between the plurality of cafeteria tables 170 and across the cafeteria floor 162 and through the cafeteria 20.

[0242] The cafeteria table 170 has one or more table air supply ducts 78h and one or more table air supply vents 82d connected to the one or more table air supply ducts 78h. For example... Figure 6B As shown, in one version, one or more table air vents 82d include one or more tabletop center vents 84a, one or more tabletop side vents 84b, one or more tabletop edge side vents 84c, and one or more tabletop underside vents 84d (see [link to documentation]). Figure 6A One or more table air vents 82d prevent contaminated air 30d, breathed by contaminated occupants 28b in cafeteria 20, from spreading laterally to adjacent cafeteria occupants 28f (see...). Figure 6C ).

[0243] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C As shown, the cafeteria table 170 may also optionally include one or more sensors 25, such as one or more sound sensors 25a, coupled to the cafeteria table 170. The one or more sound sensors 25a can sense sounds such as sneezes 26 (see [reference]) from cafeteria occupants 28e (e.g., contaminated occupants 28b). Figure 1The sound of a sneeze 26 is detected by one or more sound sensors 25a, and one or more fourth directional airflows 106d (see...) are directed. Figure 6C ) activated, the one or more fourth directional airflows having very high airflow velocities in the range of 15 (fifteen) feet / second to 150 (one hundred and fifty) feet / second 114d (see Figure 1 In one version, the first directional airflow 106a can be activated (see...). Figure 6C ), to achieve an airflow velocity of 114 (see Figure 1 From high airflow velocities in the range of 5 to 10 feet per second 114c (see Figure 1 ) Increased to very high airflow velocities in the range of 15 (fifteen) feet / second to 150 (one hundred and fifty) feet / second 114d (see Figure 1 ), to form the fourth directional airflow 106d (see Figure 3C ).

[0244] like Figure 6B , Figure 6D and Figure 6F As shown, in one version, the cafeteria table 170 has a tabletop shape 174 including a circular tabletop shape 174a. In another version, as... Figure 6G As shown, the cafeteria table 170 has a tabletop shape 174 including a fan-shaped tabletop shape 174b. Figure 6G As shown, the cafeteria table 170 with a fan-shaped tabletop shape 174b has a fan-shaped portion 175 or a concave portion formed around the perimeter 176 of the cafeteria table 170. In other versions, the cafeteria table 170 may have another tabletop shape 174, such as a rectangular tabletop shape, an oval tabletop shape, or another suitable shape.

[0245] like Figure 6B , Figure 6D , Figure 6F , Figure 6G As shown, each of the cafeteria tables 170 also includes one or more table air supply vents 82d connected to one or more table air supply ducts 78h. Figure 6B , Figure 6D , Figure 6F , Figure 6G As shown, one or more table air supply vents 82d include one or more desktop center vents 84a and one or more desktop side vents 84b, the one or more desktop center vents being designed for vertical airflow 31g (see...). Figure 6A , Figure 6CAir flows out from one or more central portions 184 of the cafeteria table 170, and these one or more tabletop side vents are designed for vertical airflow 31g (see...). Figure 6A , Figure 6C (Flows out from one or more tabletop side portions 186 of the cafeteria table 170.) Figure 6A , Figure 6D , Figure 6C , Figure 6D As shown, one or more table air supply vents 82d also include one or more table edge side vents 84c and one or more table underside vents 84d. The one or more table edge side vents are designed for horizontal airflow 31h to flow out from one or more table edges 188 of the cafeteria table 170, and the one or more table underside vents are designed for horizontal airflow 31h to flow out from the underside portion 190 of the cafeteria table 170 below the cafeteria table 170.

[0246] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, the airflow system 10 includes one or more directional airflows 106 flowing between a dedicated air supply assembly 70a and a dedicated air return assembly 90a at each of a plurality of cafeteria tables 170 located within the interior 180 of the cafeteria 20. Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, one or more directional airflows 106 include one or more first directional airflows 106a, which at least include purified air 30a, which flows out from one or more tabletop center vents 84a and one or more table edge side vents 84c, flows into the cafeteria 20, flows into one or more airflow hoods 168, and flows into a dedicated return air assembly 90a. Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, one or more first directional airflows 106a include one or more air barriers 116 between cafeteria occupants 28e at each of the plurality of cafeteria tables 170 and / or one or more directional airflow fields 115 surrounding one or more cafeteria occupants 28e in a moving position 44a, a stationary position 44b, or a substantially stationary position 44c. The first directional airflows 106a have a high airflow velocity 114c in the range of 4 feet / second to 10 feet / second (see [reference]). Figure 1 )flow.

[0247] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6EAs shown, one or more second directional airflows 106b, comprising at least purified air 30a, flow from one or more tabletop-side vents 84b into the cafeteria 20, into one or more airflow hoods 168, and into a dedicated return air assembly 90a. The one or more second directional airflows 106b comprise an airflow field 118 surrounding each of the cafeteria occupants 28e at the cafeteria table 170. All one or more second directional airflows 106b operate at a moderate airflow velocity 114b in the range of 0.1 ft / s to 1 ft / s (see [reference]). Figure 1 )flow.

[0248] like Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6E As shown, one or more third directional airflows 106c, including at least purified air 30a, flow into the cafeteria 20 from one or more under-table vents 84d, into one or more airflow hoods 168, and into a dedicated return air assembly 90a. The one or more third directional airflows 106c are configured to prevent the slow release of one or more biological agents 34 and one or more chemical agents 36 from the cafeteria 20. The one or more third directional airflows 106c operate at a low airflow velocity 114a in the range of 0.01 ft / s to 0.1 ft / s (see [reference]). Figure 1 ) flow. The flow arrangement 120 of one or more directional airflows 106 in the cafeteria 20 (see...) Figure 1 To prevent contamination between 28 people occupying the self-service restaurant.

[0249] The steps of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may also include: such as Figures 7A to 7B As shown, installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may also include installing the airflow system 10 in at least one internal airflow space 14, which includes at least one air supply assembly 70 and at least one air return assembly 90. The at least one air supply assembly includes a toilet cubicle-specific air supply assembly 70b and a toilet sink-specific air supply assembly 70c. The at least one air return assembly includes a toilet cubicle-specific air return assembly 90b and a toilet sink-specific air return assembly 90c. The toilet 22 may also include a urinal-specific air supply assembly and a urinal-specific air return assembly. Figures 7A to 7B As shown, the bathroom 22 also includes a bathroom floor 200, a bathroom ceiling 202, and bathroom side walls 204. Figures 7A to 7B As further shown, the toilet 22 includes one or more toilet cubicles 196, each cubicle having two toilet cubicle sides 210 (see...). Figure 7B ) and a toilet cubicle door 212 (see Figure 7A ), and in the wall cavity 154a in the toilet compartment side 220 (see Figure 7B ) has one or more sidewall gas supply pipes 78d (see Figure 7B ).like Figure 7A As further shown, the toilet 22 includes one or more toilet sinks 206, one or more sensors 25 connected to one or more portions 211 of the interior 198 of the toilet 22, and a toilet area 208 located between one or more toilet stalls 196 and one or more toilet sinks 206 for movement between the one or more toilet stalls 196 and one or more toilet sinks 206, and across the toilet floor 200 and through the toilet 22. The toilet 22 may also have one or more urinals (not shown).

[0250] The steps of installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 may also include: such as Figures 8A to 8B As shown, installing the airflow system 10 402 in the building 12 also includes installing the airflow system 10 in the case where at least one internal airflow space 14 includes an elevator 24, the elevator having at least one air supply assembly 70 including a dedicated air supply assembly 70a, at least one air return assembly 90 including a dedicated air return assembly 90a, an elevator floor 246, an elevator ceiling 248, a plurality of elevator sidewalls 250, an elevator door 252, one or more elevator partitions 242 coupled to one or more of the plurality of elevator sidewalls 250, one or more sensors 25 coupled to one or more portions 254 of the interior 256 of the elevator 24, and an elevator area 258 (e.g., an elevator common area 258a) located between the elevator door 252 and one or more elevator compartments 244 for movement between the elevator door 252 and one or more elevator compartments 224, and across the elevator floor 246 and through the elevator 24.

[0251] like Figure 8B As shown, one or more elevator partitions 242 form one or more elevator compartments 244 by defining the side portion 260 of each of the one or more elevator compartments 244 using one or more elevator partitions 242 (e.g., two elevator partitions 242). Figure 8B As shown, one or more elevator compartments 244 are configured to accommodate elevator occupants 28h. Figure 8A As shown, one or more elevator partitions 242 are connected to one or more air supply ducts 78 (e.g., one or more floor air supply ducts 78e) that allow one or more directional airflows 106 (e.g., a first directional airflow 106a) to flow, and include and form one or more air barriers 116 surrounding the elevator occupant 28h in one of the one or more elevator compartments 244.

[0252] Airflow system 10 (see Figure 1) and Method 400 (see Figure 11 The public version of ) is building 12 (e.g., office building 12a (see Figure 1 ) and commercial buildings 12b (see Figure 1 This provides an improved airflow system 10 and method 400, and can be used with a renovated building 12c (see [link]). Figure 1 ) or new buildings 12d (see Figure 1 They are used together. In particular, the airflow system 10 and method 400 are used in conjunction with an internal airflow space 14, which includes a passageway 16 (see...). Figure 2 ), buffet restaurant 20 (see Figures 6A to 6G Toilet 22 (see) Figures 7A to 7B ) and elevator 24 (see Figure 8A (See Figure 8C). One or more inhabitants 28 in the internal airflow space 14 during short periods such as 45a (see Figure 8C). Figure 1 The time period 45 (see) Figure 1 Within a time range of 5 (five) seconds to 59 (fifty-nine) minutes, preferably located at position 44 within the internal airflow space 14 (see [reference]). Figure 1 This position includes motion position 44a (see...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), stationary position 44b (see Figure 1 ) or roughly at rest position 44c (see Figure 1 )one of the.

[0253] Airflow system 10 and method 400 provide air purification system 50 (see Figure 1 ) to the internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 ) air 30 (see Figure 1 (For example, Air Purification 30a (see...) Figure 1 A certain volume of airflow 31 (see) Figure 1 ), and provides for the volume and airflow velocity 114 of the airflow 31 to be adjusted by the inhabitant 28 according to various conditions. For example, when the threat increases, such as during an epidemic 38 (see Figure 1 Biological weapons release 40 (see) Figure 1 ), chemical weapons release 42 (see Figure 1 In the event of a biological weapon release 40, chemical weapon release 42, or other threat events, the airflow system 10 can increase the volume and velocity 114 of the airflow 31 (e.g., purified air 30a) used throughout the building 12. The airflow system 10 can also be beneficial in situations less severe than an epidemic 38. For example, the airflow system 10 can be used to prevent the spread of the common cold.

[0254] Furthermore, the airflow system 10 has at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 The system provides one or more directional airflows 106, which include one or more of the following: surrounding one or more inhabitants 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 Each of the ) and each of one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ) directional airflow field 115 (see Figure 1 ), thereby providing breathing air 30e for each of one or more occupants 28 and each of one or more contaminated occupants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 Provides a direct path for the return airflow 46 (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), and provide respiratory isolation 112 for each of one or more occupants 28 and each of one or more contaminated occupants 28b (see Figure 1 ); in at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C In ), between one or more occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C Each of them and one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C One or more air barriers 116 between each of them (see) Figure 1 , Figure 6C ), to prevent the breathing air 30e breathed by each of one or more of the occupyers 28 and each of one or more of the contaminated occupyers 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 6C ) traverses the one or more air barriers 116 and provides respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants 28 and each of the one or more contaminated occupants 28b and between them; and surrounds at least one internal airflow space 14 (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A The rest position 44b in ) (see Figure 1 ) or roughly at rest position 44b (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A One or more of the occupyers 28 (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A Each of the ) and one or more contaminated inhabitants 28b (see Figure 1 , Figure 7A The airflow field of each of them 118 (see Figure 1, Figure 7A ), wherein the airflow field 118 has an airflow velocity 114 that is smaller than the airflow velocity 114 of the directional airflow field 115 and a plurality of air barriers 116 (see Figure 1 ).

[0255] Furthermore, if multiple airflow systems 10 are provided, the airflow systems 10 can supply air 30 with different temperatures (e.g., purified air 30a), such as one hot and one cold, and these air supplies can be mixed to obtain a comfortable airflow 31 for the occupant 28.

[0256] Many modifications and other versions of this disclosure will occur to those skilled in the art upon which this disclosure pertains, taking advantage of the teachings presented in the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings. The versions described herein are intended to be illustrative and not to be limiting or exhaustive. Although specific terms are used herein, they are used only in a general and descriptive sense and not for limiting purposes. In addition to those listed herein, functionally equivalent methods and apparatuses within the scope of this disclosure are also possible based on the foregoing description. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. This disclosure is limited only by the terms of the appended claims and the full scope of their equivalents.

[0257] This disclosure includes the following provisions:

[0258] Clause 1. An airflow system for a building, the airflow system comprising:

[0259] At least one air purification system, which provides purified air and receives recirculated air;

[0260] At least one air supply component supplies the purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space in the building, the at least one internal airflow space including one or more of a corridor, cafeteria, toilet and elevator in the building, and wherein one or more occupants are in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes, the position including one of a moving position, a stationary position or a substantially stationary position;

[0261] At least one return air assembly returns the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system, the recirculated air comprising internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more biological agents and one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents comprising one or more biological agents flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0262] One or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows forming between the at least one air supply component and the at least one air return component in the at least one internal airflow space, the one or more directional airflows comprising one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air, and the one or more directional airflows comprising at least one or more of the following:

[0263] A directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants;

[0264] One or more air barriers are provided between each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants and between them; and

[0265] An airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the stationary or substantially stationary location within the at least one internal airflow space, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than that of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers; and

[0266] At least one control system that controls the airflow system.

[0267] The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space to resist contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing out from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0268] Clause 2. The airflow system according to Clause 1, wherein the airflow system further comprises:

[0269] One or more sensors are located in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0270] Clause 3. The airflow system according to Clause 1, wherein the airflow system comprises one of the following:

[0271] A renovation airflow system, wherein the renovation airflow system is used for renovation within the building, including the renovation building; or

[0272] A new airflow system is installed in the building that includes the new building.

[0273] Clause 4. The airflow system according to Clause 1, wherein the airflow velocity of each of the one or more directional airflows includes one of the following:

[0274] Low airflow velocities in the range of 0.01 ft / s to 0.1 ft / s;

[0275] Moderate airflow speeds in the range of 0.1 ft / s to 1 ft / s;

[0276] High airflow velocities in the range of 4 to 10 feet per second; or

[0277] Very high airflow speeds in the range of 15 to 150 feet per second.

[0278] Clause 5. The airflow system according to Clause 1, wherein the internal airflow space includes the passageway in the building, the passageway comprising:

[0279] The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component;

[0280] The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0281] Hallway floor;

[0282] Hallway ceiling;

[0283] Multiple corridor sidewalls, including a corridor entrance sidewall, a corridor exit sidewall, and one or more intermediate corridor sidewalls located between the corridor entrance sidewall and the corridor exit sidewall; and

[0284] One or more sensors are located in the passageway and configured to:

[0285] Detect the position and speed of the occupant moving along the passageway; and

[0286] Activate control over the airflow velocity of the purified air supplied to the passageway, such that the airflow velocity matches the movement velocity of the mobile occupant, and

[0287] When one or more sensors detect a mobile inhabitant in the passageway, purified air is supplied to the passageway, and a directional airflow field is formed around the mobile inhabitant to create a moving airflow. As the mobile inhabitant moves along the passageway, the directional airflow field follows the mobile inhabitant, and the purified air is supplied in a first direction, a second direction, or both the first and second directions. The breathing air breathed by the mobile inhabitant is directly returned to the dedicated return air assembly in the direct return airflow path, thereby preventing any contaminated air breathed by the mobile inhabitant from spreading to the other of the one or more inhabitants located in the passageway and the building.

[0288] Clause 6. The airflow system according to Clause 1, wherein the internal airflow space includes the cafeteria in the building, the cafeteria comprising:

[0289] The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component;

[0290] The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0291] Buffet restaurant flooring;

[0292] The ceiling of the self-service restaurant;

[0293] Side wall of the self-service restaurant;

[0294] Multiple cafeteria tables, wherein the multiple cafeteria tables have one or more table gas supply pipes;

[0295] One or more airflow hoods are connected to the ceiling of the cafeteria and positioned above the air supply ducts of the one or more tables;

[0296] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more of the plurality of cafeteria tables; and

[0297] One or more buffet areas located between the plurality of buffet tables for movement between the plurality of buffet tables and across the buffet floor.

[0298] Clause 7. The airflow system according to Clause 6, wherein each of the plurality of cafeteria tables has a tabletop shape, the tabletop shape including either a circular tabletop shape or a fan-shaped tabletop shape.

[0299] Clause 8. The airflow system according to Clause 1, wherein the internal airflow space includes the restroom in the building, the restroom comprising:

[0300] The at least one gas supply component includes a gas supply component specifically for toilet cubicles and a gas supply component specifically for toilet sinks;

[0301] The at least one air return component includes a dedicated air return component for toilet cubicles and a dedicated air return component for toilet sinks.

[0302] Bathroom floor;

[0303] Bathroom ceiling;

[0304] Bathroom side wall;

[0305] One or more toilet cubicles, each toilet cubicle having two toilet cubicle sides and a toilet cubicle door, the one or more toilet cubicles having one or more sidewall gas supply pipes;

[0306] One or more bathroom sinks;

[0307] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more parts of the interior of the bathroom; and

[0308] A toilet area located between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, for movement between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, and across the toilet floor.

[0309] Clause 9. The airflow system according to Clause 8, wherein the toilet further includes:

[0310] One or more partitions are attached to one or more of the bathroom sidewalls and are positioned near one or more sides of one or more of the bathroom sinks.

[0311] Each of the one or more partitions includes:

[0312] Two panels, the two panels being joined together in a spaced-apart relationship to form a generally hollow cavity; and

[0313] One or more spacer members are connected to each of the two panels and span the interior portion of the generally hollow cavity of the two panels.

[0314] Airflow passes through each of the one or more partitions, thereby providing one or more air barriers between the one or more toilet sinks.

[0315] Clause 10. The airflow system according to Clause 1, wherein the internal airflow space includes the elevator in the building, the elevator comprising:

[0316] The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component;

[0317] The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0318] Elevator floor;

[0319] Elevator ceiling;

[0320] Multiple elevator side walls;

[0321] Elevator door;

[0322] One or more elevator partitions are connected to one or more of the plurality of elevator sidewalls, the one or more elevator partitions forming the one or more elevator compartments by defining side portions of one or more elevator compartments, and the one or more elevator compartments are configured to accommodate elevator occupants, wherein the one or more elevator partitions are connected to one or more air supply ducts for causing the one or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows including the one or more air barriers surrounding the elevator occupant in one of the one or more elevator compartments.

[0323] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more parts of the elevator's interior; and

[0324] An elevator area located between the elevator door and the one or more elevator compartments, for movement between the elevator door and the one or more elevator compartments, and across the elevator floor.

[0325] Clause 11. An airflow system for office buildings, the airflow system comprising:

[0326] At least one air purification system, wherein the at least one air purification system provides purified air and receives recirculated air;

[0327] An air management system, comprising:

[0328] At least one air supply duct assembly supplies purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space in the office building, the at least one air supply duct assembly including one or more air supply ducts and one or more air supply vents, the at least one internal airflow space including one or more corridors, cafeterias, restrooms and elevators in the office building, and wherein one or more occupants are in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes, the position including one of a moving position, a stationary position or a substantially stationary position;

[0329] At least one return air duct assembly that returns the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system, the at least one return air duct assembly including one or more return air ducts and one or more return air vents, the recirculated air including internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more of one or more biological agents and one or more of one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including one or more biological agents flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space;

[0330] One or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows forming between the at least one supply air duct assembly and the at least one return air duct assembly in the at least one internal airflow space, the one or more directional airflows comprising one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air, and the one or more directional airflows comprising at least one or more of the following:

[0331] A directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants;

[0332] One or more air barriers are provided between each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants and between them; and

[0333] An airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the stationary or substantially stationary location within the at least one internal airflow space, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than that of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers; and

[0334] One or more sensors, wherein the one or more sensors are positioned within the at least one internal airflow space; and

[0335] At least one control system that controls the airflow system.

[0336] The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space to resist contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing out from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0337] Clause 12. The airflow system according to Clause 11, wherein the internal airflow space includes the passageway in the office building, the passageway comprising:

[0338] The at least one gas supply pipeline assembly includes a dedicated gas supply assembly;

[0339] The at least one return gas pipeline assembly, the at least one return gas pipeline assembly including a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0340] Hallway floor;

[0341] Hallway ceiling;

[0342] Multiple corridor sidewalls, including a corridor entrance sidewall, a corridor exit sidewall, and one or more intermediate corridor sidewalls located between the corridor entrance sidewall and the corridor exit sidewall; and

[0343] One or more sensors are located in the passageway and configured to:

[0344] Detect the position and speed of the occupant moving along the passageway; and

[0345] Activate control over the airflow velocity of the purified air supplied to the passageway, such that the airflow velocity matches the movement velocity of the mobile occupant, and

[0346] When one or more sensors detect a mobile occupant in the passageway, purified air is supplied to the passageway, and a directional airflow field is formed around the mobile occupant as the mobile occupant moves along the passageway. The breathing air from the mobile occupant is directly returned to the dedicated return air assembly in the return airflow direct path to prevent any contaminated air from the mobile occupant from spreading to the passageway and to another of the one or more occupants in the office building.

[0347] Clause 13. The airflow system according to Clause 11, wherein the internal airflow space includes a cafeteria in the office building, the cafeteria comprising:

[0348] The at least one gas supply pipeline assembly includes a dedicated gas supply assembly;

[0349] The at least one return gas pipeline assembly, the at least one return gas pipeline assembly including a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0350] Buffet restaurant flooring;

[0351] The ceiling of the self-service restaurant;

[0352] Side wall of the self-service restaurant;

[0353] Multiple cafeteria tables, wherein the multiple cafeteria tables have one or more table gas supply pipes;

[0354] One or more airflow hoods are connected to the cafeteria ceiling and positioned above the air supply ducts of the one or more tables;

[0355] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more of the plurality of cafeteria tables; and

[0356] One or more buffet areas located between the plurality of buffet tables for movement between the plurality of buffet tables and across the buffet floor.

[0357] Clause 14. The airflow system according to Clause 11, wherein the internal airflow space includes the restroom in the office building, the restroom comprising:

[0358] The at least one gas supply pipeline assembly includes a dedicated gas supply assembly for toilet cubicles and a dedicated gas supply assembly for toilet sinks.

[0359] The at least one return air pipe assembly includes a dedicated return air assembly for toilet cubicles and a dedicated return air assembly for toilet sinks.

[0360] Bathroom floor;

[0361] Bathroom ceiling;

[0362] Bathroom side wall;

[0363] One or more toilet cubicles, each cubicle having two toilet cubicle sides and a toilet cubicle door, the one or more toilet cubicles having one or more sidewall gas supply pipes;

[0364] One or more bathroom sinks;

[0365] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more parts of the interior of the bathroom; and

[0366] A toilet area located between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, for movement between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, and across the toilet floor.

[0367] Clause 15. The airflow system according to Clause 11, wherein the internal airflow space includes the elevator in the office building, the elevator comprising:

[0368] The at least one gas supply pipeline assembly includes a dedicated gas supply assembly;

[0369] The at least one return gas pipeline assembly, the at least one return gas pipeline assembly including a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0370] Elevator floor;

[0371] Elevator ceiling;

[0372] Multiple elevator side walls;

[0373] Elevator door;

[0374] One or more elevator partitions are connected to one or more of the plurality of elevator sidewalls, the one or more elevator partitions forming the one or more elevator compartments by defining side portions of one or more elevator compartments, and the one or more elevator compartments are configured to accommodate elevator occupants, wherein the one or more elevator partitions are connected to one or more air supply ducts for causing the one or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows including the one or more air barriers surrounding the elevator occupant in one of the one or more elevator compartments.

[0375] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more parts of the elevator's interior; and

[0376] An elevator area located between the elevator door and the one or more elevator compartments, for movement between the elevator door and the one or more elevator compartments, and across the elevator floor.

[0377] Clause 16. A method for providing pollution mitigation for one or more occupants in a building using an airflow system in the building, the method comprising:

[0378] The airflow system is installed in the building, and the airflow system includes:

[0379] At least one air purification system, which provides purified air and receives recirculated air;

[0380] At least one air supply component supplies the purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space in the building, the at least one internal airflow space including one or more of a corridor, cafeteria, toilet and elevator in the building, and wherein one or more occupants are in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes, the position including one of a moving position, a stationary position or a substantially stationary position;

[0381] At least one return air assembly returns the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system, the recirculated air comprising internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more biological agents and one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents comprising one or more biological agents flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0382] One or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows forming between the at least one air supply component and the at least one air return component in the at least one internal airflow space, the one or more directional airflows comprising one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air, and the one or more directional airflows comprising at least one or more of the following:

[0383] A directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants;

[0384] One or more air barriers are provided between each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants and between them; and

[0385] An airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the stationary or substantially stationary location within the at least one internal airflow space, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than that of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers; and

[0386] At least one control system, wherein the at least one control system controls the airflow system;

[0387] Using the at least one air supply component, the purified air is supplied from the at least one air purification system to the at least one internal airflow space in the building;

[0388] The one or more directional airflows are directed to flow between the at least one supply air assembly and the at least one return air assembly in the at least one internal airflow space to form the directional airflow field, the one or more air barriers, and one or more of the airflow fields for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space; and

[0389] Using the at least one return air assembly, the recirculated air is returned from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system.

[0390] The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space to resist contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing out from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

[0391] Clause 17. The method according to Clause 16, wherein installing the airflow system in the building further comprises, where the at least one internal airflow space includes the passageway, the passageway having:

[0392] The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component;

[0393] The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0394] Hallway floor;

[0395] Hallway ceiling;

[0396] Multiple corridor sidewalls, including a corridor entrance sidewall, a corridor exit sidewall, and one or more intermediate corridor sidewalls located between the corridor entrance sidewall and the corridor exit sidewall; and

[0397] One or more sensors are located in the passageway and configured to:

[0398] Detect the position and speed of the occupant moving along the passageway; and

[0399] Activate control over the airflow velocity of the purified air supplied to the passageway, such that the airflow velocity matches the movement velocity of the mobile occupant, and

[0400] When one or more sensors detect a mobile inhabitant in the passageway, purified air is supplied to the passageway, and a directional airflow field is formed around the mobile inhabitant as the mobile inhabitant moves along the passageway. The breathing air breathed by the mobile inhabitant is returned directly to the dedicated return air assembly in the return airflow direct path to prevent any contaminated air breathed by the mobile inhabitant from spreading to the passageway and to another of the one or more inhabitants in the building.

[0401] Clause 18. The method according to Clause 16, wherein installing the airflow system in the building further comprises, in the case that the at least one internal airflow space includes the cafeteria, the cafeteria having:

[0402] The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component;

[0403] The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0404] Buffet restaurant flooring;

[0405] The ceiling of the self-service restaurant;

[0406] Side wall of the self-service restaurant;

[0407] Multiple cafeteria tables, wherein the multiple cafeteria tables have one or more table gas supply pipes;

[0408] One or more airflow hoods are connected to the ceiling of the cafeteria and positioned above the air supply ducts of the one or more tables;

[0409] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more of the plurality of cafeteria tables; and

[0410] One or more buffet areas located between the plurality of buffet tables for movement between the plurality of buffet tables and across the buffet floor.

[0411] Clause 19. The method according to Clause 16, wherein installing the airflow system in the building further comprises, in the case that the at least one internal airflow space includes the toilet, the toilet having:

[0412] The at least one gas supply component includes a gas supply component specifically for toilet cubicles and a gas supply component specifically for toilet sinks;

[0413] The at least one air return component includes a dedicated air return component for toilet cubicles and a dedicated air return component for toilet sinks.

[0414] Bathroom floor;

[0415] Bathroom ceiling;

[0416] Bathroom side wall;

[0417] One or more toilet cubicles, each toilet cubicle having two toilet cubicle sides and a toilet cubicle door, the one or more toilet cubicles having one or more sidewall gas supply pipes;

[0418] One or more bathroom sinks;

[0419] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more parts of the interior of the bathroom; and

[0420] A toilet area located between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, for movement between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, and across the toilet floor.

[0421] Clause 20. The method according to Clause 16, wherein installing the airflow system in the building further comprises, in the case that the at least one internal airflow space includes the elevator, the elevator having:

[0422] The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component;

[0423] The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly;

[0424] Elevator floor;

[0425] Elevator ceiling;

[0426] Multiple elevator side walls;

[0427] Elevator door;

[0428] One or more elevator partitions are connected to one or more of the plurality of elevator sidewalls, the one or more elevator partitions forming the one or more elevator compartments by defining side portions of one or more elevator compartments, and the one or more elevator compartments are configured to accommodate elevator occupants, wherein the one or more elevator partitions are connected to one or more air supply ducts for causing the one or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows including the one or more air barriers surrounding the elevator occupant in one of the one or more elevator compartments.

[0429] One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more parts of the elevator's interior; and

[0430] An elevator area located between the elevator door and the one or more elevator compartments, for movement between the elevator door and the one or more elevator compartments, and across the elevator floor.

Claims

1. An airflow system for a building, the airflow system comprising: At least one air purification system, which provides purified air and receives recirculated air; At least one air supply component supplies the purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space in the building, the at least one internal airflow space including one or more of a corridor, cafeteria, toilet and elevator in the building, and wherein one or more occupants are in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes, the position including one of a moving position, a stationary position or a substantially stationary position; At least one return air assembly returns the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system, the recirculated air comprising internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more biological agents and one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents comprising one or more biological agents flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space. One or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows forming between the at least one air supply component and the at least one air return component in the at least one internal airflow space, the one or more directional airflows comprising one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air, and the one or more directional airflows comprising at least one or more of the following: A directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants; One or more air barriers are provided between each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants and between them; and An airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the stationary or substantially stationary location within the at least one internal airflow space, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than that of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers; and At least one control system that controls the airflow system. The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space to resist contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing out from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

2. The airflow system according to claim 1, wherein, The airflow system also includes: One or more sensors are located in the at least one internal airflow space.

3. The airflow system according to claim 1, wherein, The airflow system includes one of the following: A renovation airflow system, wherein the renovation airflow system is used for renovation within the building, including the renovation building; or A new airflow system is installed in the building that includes the new building.

4. The airflow system according to claim 1, wherein, The airflow velocity of each of the one or more directional airflows includes one of the following: Low airflow velocities in the range of 0.01 ft / s to 0.1 ft / s; Moderate airflow speeds in the range of 0.1 ft / s to 1 ft / s; High airflow velocities in the range of 4 to 10 feet per second; or Very high airflow speeds in the range of 15 to 150 feet per second.

5. The airflow system according to claim 1, wherein, The internal airflow space includes the passageway within the building, the passageway comprising: The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component; The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly; Hallway floor; Hallway ceiling; Multiple corridor sidewalls, including a corridor entrance sidewall, a corridor exit sidewall, and one or more intermediate corridor sidewalls located between the corridor entrance sidewall and the corridor exit sidewall; and One or more sensors are located in the passageway and configured to: Detect the position and speed of the occupant moving along the passageway; and Activate control over the airflow velocity of the purified air supplied to the passageway, such that the airflow velocity matches the movement velocity of the mobile occupant, and When one or more sensors detect a mobile inhabitant in the passageway, purified air is supplied to the passageway, and a directional airflow field is formed around the mobile inhabitant to create a moving airflow. As the mobile inhabitant moves along the passageway, the directional airflow field follows the mobile inhabitant, and the purified air is supplied in a first direction, a second direction, or both the first and second directions. The breathing air breathed by the mobile inhabitant is directly returned to the dedicated return air assembly in the direct return airflow path, thereby preventing any contaminated air breathed by the mobile inhabitant from spreading to the other of the one or more inhabitants located in the passageway and the building.

6. The airflow system according to claim 1, wherein, The internal airflow space includes the cafeteria within the building, the cafeteria comprising: The at least one gas supply component includes a dedicated gas supply component; The at least one return gas assembly includes a dedicated return gas assembly; Buffet restaurant flooring; The ceiling of the self-service restaurant; Side wall of the self-service restaurant; Multiple cafeteria tables, wherein the multiple cafeteria tables have one or more table gas supply pipes; One or more airflow hoods are connected to the ceiling of the cafeteria and positioned above the air supply ducts of the one or more tables; One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more of the plurality of cafeteria tables; and One or more buffet areas located between the plurality of buffet tables for movement between the plurality of buffet tables and across the buffet floor.

7. The airflow system according to claim 6, wherein, Each of the plurality of self-service restaurant tables has a tabletop shape, which includes either a circular tabletop shape or a fan-shaped tabletop shape.

8. The airflow system according to claim 1, wherein, The internal airflow space includes the restroom in the building, and the restroom includes: The at least one gas supply component includes a gas supply component specifically for toilet cubicles and a gas supply component specifically for toilet sinks; The at least one air return component includes a dedicated air return component for toilet cubicles and a dedicated air return component for toilet sinks. Bathroom floor; Bathroom ceiling; Bathroom side wall; One or more toilet cubicles, each toilet cubicle having two toilet cubicle sides and a toilet cubicle door, the one or more toilet cubicles having one or more sidewall gas supply pipes; One or more bathroom sinks; One or more sensors, said one or more sensors being coupled to one or more parts of the interior of the bathroom; and A toilet area located between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, for movement between the one or more toilet stalls and the one or more toilet sinks, and across the toilet floor.

9. An airflow system for office buildings, the airflow system comprising: At least one air purification system, wherein the at least one air purification system provides purified air and receives recirculated air; An air management system, comprising: At least one air supply duct assembly supplies purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space in the office building, the at least one air supply duct assembly including one or more air supply ducts and one or more air supply vents, the at least one internal airflow space including one or more corridors, cafeterias, restrooms and elevators in the office building, and wherein one or more occupants are in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes, the position including one of a moving position, a stationary position or a substantially stationary position; At least one return air duct assembly that returns the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system, the at least one return air duct assembly including one or more return air ducts and one or more return air vents, the recirculated air including internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more of one or more biological agents and one or more of one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including one or more biological agents flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space; One or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows forming between the at least one supply air duct assembly and the at least one return air duct assembly in the at least one internal airflow space, the one or more directional airflows comprising one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air, and the one or more directional airflows comprising at least one or more of the following: A directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants; One or more air barriers are provided between each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants and between them; and An airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the stationary or substantially stationary location within the at least one internal airflow space, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than that of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers; and One or more sensors, wherein the one or more sensors are positioned within the at least one internal airflow space; and At least one control system that controls the airflow system. The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space to resist contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing out from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

10. A method for providing pollution mitigation for one or more occupants in a building using an airflow system in the building, the method comprising: The airflow system is installed in the building, and the airflow system includes: At least one air purification system, which provides purified air and receives recirculated air; At least one air supply component supplies the purified air from the at least one air purification system to at least one internal airflow space in the building, the at least one internal airflow space including one or more of a corridor, cafeteria, toilet and elevator in the building, and wherein one or more occupants are in one of the at least one internal airflow spaces for a time period ranging from 5 seconds to 59 minutes, the position including one of a moving position, a stationary position or a substantially stationary position; At least one return air assembly returns the recirculated air from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system, the recirculated air comprising internal air from the at least one internal airflow space and one or more contaminated air contaminated by one or more biological agents and one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents comprising one or more biological agents flowing out from one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space. One or more directional airflows, the one or more directional airflows forming between the at least one air supply component and the at least one air return component in the at least one internal airflow space, the one or more directional airflows comprising one or more of the purified air, the internal air, and the contaminated air, and the one or more directional airflows comprising at least one or more of the following: A directional airflow field surrounding each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space, thereby providing a direct return airflow path for the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants, and providing respiratory isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants; One or more air barriers are provided between each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants in the at least one internal airflow space to prevent the breathing air breathed by each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants from crossing the one or more air barriers, and to provide the breathing isolation for each of the one or more occupants and each of the one or more contaminated occupants and between them; and An airflow field surrounding each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants positioned at the stationary or substantially stationary location within the at least one internal airflow space, wherein the airflow field has an airflow velocity lower than that of the directional airflow field and the one or more air barriers; and At least one control system, wherein the at least one control system controls the airflow system; Using the at least one air supply component, the purified air is supplied from the at least one air purification system to the at least one internal airflow space in the building; The one or more directional airflows are directed to flow between the at least one supply air assembly and the at least one return air assembly in the at least one internal airflow space to form the directional airflow field, the one or more air barriers, and one or more of the airflow fields for each of the one or more inhabitants and each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space; and Using the at least one return air assembly, the recirculated air is returned from the at least one internal airflow space to the at least one air purification system. The airflow system provides contamination mitigation for each of the one or more inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space to resist contamination by one or more of the one or more biological agents and the one or more chemical agents, the one or more biological agents including those flowing out from each of the one or more contaminated inhabitants in the at least one internal airflow space.

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