A method for regulating the out-of-season water culture of young shoots of paliurus ramosissimus based on plant hormones

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata buds based on plant hormone regulation, belonging to the field of hydroponic culture technology. This off-season hydroponic method optimizes the concentration ratio of indolebutyric acid (IBA), gibberellin (GA3), and salicylic acid through orthogonal experiments, combined with standardized branch pretreatment, hormone immersion, and ozone water culture management, to achieve efficient off-season cultivation of Aralia elata buds. This off-season hydroponic culture uses exogenous hormone regulation, optimized for the off-season dormancy characteristics of Aralia elata and the physiological needs of bud growth. It effectively activates the physiological metabolic pathways within the branches, quickly breaking the natural dormancy state, while providing suitable hormone guidance for bud differentiation and growth. This results in uniform bud sprouting and robust growth, solving the problems of late bud break from dormancy, slow bud growth, and large differences in growth vigor among different plants, laying a solid foundation for efficient off-season hydroponic production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydroponic cultivation technology, specifically to a method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of young shoots of Aralia elata based on plant hormone regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Hydroponics, also known as nutrient solution culture, is a soilless cultivation method. Its core is to directly immerse the plant's roots in a nutrient solution. This nutrient solution can replace soil and provide the plant with growth factors such as water, nutrients, and oxygen, enabling the plant to grow normally. Off-season hydroponics refers to a modern agricultural production method that uses hydroponic technology from soilless cultivation, combined with artificially controlled environmental conditions (such as temperature, light, and nutrient solution), to bring crops to market earlier or later than the natural growing or harvesting season.

[0003] Aralia elata, commonly known as spiny bud, has tender shoots that are rich in nutrients and have medicinal value, resulting in consistently strong market demand. However, under the traditional open-field planting model, the harvesting period for tender shoots is concentrated in the spring, making year-round supply impossible. Therefore, off-season hydroponics has become a key way to solve this supply and demand contradiction. However, existing off-season hydroponics techniques lack precise control of exogenous hormones and standardized hydroponic management specifications, leading to late break-dormancy bud break, slow growth of tender shoots, and uneven growth. It also easily causes problems such as oxidation, browning, and rotting of the cut at the base of the branches and blockage of water supply channels, resulting in low hydroponic survival rate, unstable yield and quality of tender shoots, and difficulty in supporting large-scale, standardized off-season production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata buds based on plant hormone regulation, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation, comprising the following steps: S1. Select branches of Aralia elata and prune them to a length of 40cm. Then, immerse the base of the pruned branches in clean water and let them stand. After standing, wash the branches and perform pretreatment. S2. Prepare a hormone treatment solution by mixing IBA, GA3 and salicylic acid. The hormone treatment solution is brought to a final volume of 400 mL and then placed in a mixing container for later use. S3. Place the pre-treated branches into the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank for immersion treatment. After the hormone immersion treatment is completed, replace the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank with clean ozone water and transfer to the hydroponic culture stage. S4. For the first five days of cultivation, replace the water with fresh, clean ozone water daily. Starting from the fifth day of cultivation, adjust the replacement cycle to once every two days. Maintain constant temperature and light conditions throughout the cultivation process, and regularly observe and record the indicator data. Once the plant indicator data meets the standards, the hydroponic cultivation is complete.

[0006] Preferably, in step S2, the proportions of IBA, GA3, and salicylic acid are 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, and 2 g / L, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the pretreatment in step S1 involves cutting off a 1-2 cm stem segment from the base of the branch at a 45° angle.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1, the Aralia elata branches are one-year-old Aralia elata branches selected in late November that are uniformly growing, free from pests and diseases, and have plump buds.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the immersion time of the branches in the hormone treatment solution is 3 hours to ensure that the base of the branches fully absorbs the exogenous hormone and to avoid damage to the tissue at the base of the branches due to excessive soaking time.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3, after the branches have been treated with hormone solution, all hormone solution in the mixing tank is completely discarded, and then the base of the branches and the mixing tank are rinsed with clean distilled water 2-3 times. Then, clean ozone water is poured into the mixing tank, and the cleaned branches are inserted into the mixing tank containing clean ozone water for hydroponic cultivation.

[0011] Preferably, the clean ozone water used in steps S3 and S4 is prepared by the following method: Take 1 / 2 to 4 / 6 of a standard 18-19L bottle of water, which corresponds to a single serving of approximately 9-12L of water. Use an ozone generator to aerate the water to produce clean ozone water, which is prepared and used immediately.

[0012] Preferably, the aeration time of the ozone generator is 10 minutes, and the ozone concentration in the water is optimal during the 10-minute aeration period.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, each time the clean ozone water is replaced, all the original liquid in the mixing tank must be completely discarded, and the mixing tank must be rinsed with clean distilled water 2-3 times. After cleaning, freshly prepared clean ozone water is added.

[0014] Preferably, in step S4, the indicator data that is periodically observed and recorded specifically includes: The budding time of the branches, the bud length of the branches every 2 days from day 22 to day 41 of cultivation, the diameter of the basal stem of the branch bud on day 41 of cultivation, and the weight of a single branch on day 41 of cultivation.

[0015] This invention provides a method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation. It has the following beneficial effects: (1) This off-season hydroponic culture uses exogenous hormone regulation and has been optimized for the off-season dormancy characteristics and the physiological needs of bud growth of Aralia elata. It can effectively activate the physiological metabolic pathways inside the branches, quickly break the natural dormancy of the branches, and provide suitable hormone guidance for the differentiation and growth of buds, so that the buds sprout uniformly and grow vigorously. It solves the problems of late bud break-dormancy, slow bud growth, and large differences in growth among different plants in the existing technology, and lays a solid foundation for the high-efficiency production of off-season hydroponics.

[0016] (2) By using standardized ozone water cultivation management, the preparation specifications of ozone water and the replacement cycle of culture medium are clarified. This can effectively kill miscellaneous bacteria and microorganisms in the water by utilizing the strong oxidizing properties of ozone, prevent the culture medium from deteriorating and spoiling, avoid microbial infection of the cut at the base of the branches, and strictly control the ozone concentration in the water within a safe range to prevent strong oxidation from damaging the branch tissues. This protects the integrity of water transport at the base of the branches and maintains the normal water absorption and physiological metabolism of the branches. As a result, the incidence of browning and rotting at the base of the branches and blockage of water transport vessels during hydroponics is reduced, and the survival rate of off-season hydroponics of Aralia elata is greatly improved.

[0017] (3) This off-season hydroponic process realizes standardized operation of the whole process. The steps from branch pretreatment, exogenous hormone treatment to the later hydroponic environment management are unified and clear. The operation process is simple and controllable, which can effectively eliminate human error and environmental differences between different production batches, achieve the effect of stable production process and uniform product quality, prevent the problems of non-standard production process and large fluctuations in product yield and quality in the existing technology, support the large-scale and standardized off-season production of Aralia elata buds, and realize the year-round stable supply to the market. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the off-season hydroponic method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example Please see Figure 1This invention provides a method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation. To achieve the above objectives, this invention utilizes the following technical solution, comprising the following steps: S1. Select branches of Aralia elata and prune them to a length of 40cm. Then, immerse the base of the pruned branches in clean water and let them stand. After standing, wash the branches and perform pretreatment. S2. Prepare a hormone treatment solution by mixing IBA, GA3 and salicylic acid. The hormone treatment solution is brought to a final volume of 400 mL and then placed in a mixing container for later use. S3. Place the pre-treated branches into the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank for immersion treatment. After the hormone immersion treatment is completed, replace the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank with clean ozone water and transfer to the hydroponic culture stage. S4. For the first five days of cultivation, replace the water with fresh, clean ozone water daily. Starting from the fifth day of cultivation, adjust the replacement cycle to once every two days. Maintain constant temperature and light conditions throughout the cultivation process, and regularly observe and record the indicator data. Once the plant indicator data meets the standards, the hydroponic cultivation is complete.

[0021] In step S2, the ratios of IBA, GA3, and salicylic acid are 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, and 2 g / L, respectively.

[0022] The pretreatment in step S1 involves cutting off a 1-2 cm stem segment from the base of the branch at a 45° angle.

[0023] In step S1, the Aralia elata branches are one-year-old branches of Aralia elata selected in late November that are uniformly growing, free from pests and diseases, and have plump buds.

[0024] In step S3, the branches are immersed in the hormone treatment solution for 3 hours to ensure that the base of the branches fully absorbs the exogenous hormones and to avoid damage to the tissue at the base of the branches due to excessive soaking time.

[0025] In step S3, after the branches have been soaked in the hormone treatment solution, all the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank is completely discarded. Then, the base of the branches and the mixing tank are rinsed with clean distilled water 2-3 times. Next, clean ozone water is poured into the mixing tank, and then the cleaned branches are inserted into the mixing tank containing clean ozone water for hydroponic cultivation.

[0026] The clean ozone water used in steps S3 and S4 is prepared by the following method: Take 1 / 2 to 4 / 6 of a standard 18-19L bottle of water, which corresponds to a single serving of approximately 9-12L of water. Use an ozone generator to aerate the water to produce clean ozone water, which is prepared and used immediately.

[0027] The ozone generator has an aeration time of 10 minutes, which is the optimal time for ozone concentration in the water.

[0028] In step S4, each time the clean ozone water is replaced, all the original liquid in the mixing tank must be completely discarded, and the mixing tank must be rinsed with clean distilled water 2-3 times. After cleaning, freshly prepared clean ozone water is added.

[0029] In step S4, the specific indicator data that is periodically observed and recorded includes: The budding time of the branches, the bud length of the branches every 2 days from day 22 to day 41 of cultivation, the diameter of the basal stem of the branch bud on day 41 of cultivation, and the weight of a single branch on day 41 of cultivation.

[0030] Test case Test materials and equipment: Test materials: Aralia elata test branches with uniform growth selected in late November; Test reagents: Indolebutyric acid (IBA), gibberellin (GA3), salicylic acid, clean water and clean ozone water; Test equipment: experimental mixing bucket, branch pruning tool, length measuring tool, bud base stem diameter measuring tool, and electronic balance; Testing process: An orthogonal experimental design was used to prepare nine groups of hormone treatment solutions with different concentrations and ratios of IBA, GA3, and salicylic acid, as well as a blank control group (the control group was not treated with the hormone treatment solution), as detailed in Table 1: Table 1 shows the composition of the hormone treatment solution: ; Select one-year-old branches of Aralia elata with uniform growth, free from pests and diseases, and with plump buds in late November. Prune the branches to a uniform length of 40cm, remove excess side branches and residual leaves, then immerse the base of the branches in clean water and let them stand for 5 minutes. After rinsing the surface of the branches with clean water to remove surface dust, cut off the base 1-2cm of stem segment at a 45° angle, keeping the cut clean. Place the ten pretreated branches into the above-mentioned mixing tank and add the hormone treatment solution of the corresponding group to the mixing tank. The blank group does not need to undergo this step. Ensure that the base of the branches is submerged to a depth of 5-8 cm and soak for 3 hours. After soaking, completely discard all hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank, rinse the base of the branches 2-3 times with clean distilled water, and rinse the inner wall of the mixing tank 2-3 times. Then take 1 / 2 (about 9.5L) of a regular bottle of water with a volume of 18.9L per tank, put it in an ozone generator and aerate for 10 minutes to obtain clean ozone water. Pour the ozone water into the mixing tank, and then insert the cleaned branches and blank group branches into the clean ozone water of the corresponding numbered mixing tanks and transfer them to the hydroponic cultivation stage. For the first 5 days of cultivation, freshly prepared clean ozone water was used daily. Each time the water was changed, all the original liquid in the mixing tank was completely discarded. The mixing tank was rinsed 2-3 times with clean distilled water before adding freshly prepared ozone water. From the 5th day of cultivation, the replacement cycle was adjusted to replace the ozone water every 2 days. Throughout the process, the temperature in the cultivation room was kept at 22±2℃, the light intensity at 1800lx, and the light duration at 12h / d. The environmental conditions were kept constant until the cultivation was completed.

[0031] Test content and methods: Sprouting time determination: Observe the sprouting of branches daily. The standard for sprouting is that the bud breaks through the scale and is ≥0.5cm in length. Record the average sprouting time of each group of branches. Bud length dynamic measurement: Starting from day 22 of cultivation (D22), the bud length of each group of branches was measured every 2 days using a vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.01cm until day 41 of cultivation (D41), and the average bud length of each group was calculated. Bud-base stem diameter measurement: On the 41st day of culture, the diameter at the connection between the bud base and the branch was measured using a vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm, and the average bud-base stem diameter of each group was calculated; Single plant weight determination: On the 41st day of cultivation, the branches were removed from the ozone water, the surface moisture was dried with absorbent paper, and the weight of each branch was weighed using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001g. The average weight of each group was calculated. Observation of basal browning: On the 41st day of cultivation, observe and record the browning of the cut at the base of each group of branches, and count the number of browned branches and the degree of browning.

[0032] Table 2 shows the indicator data for hydroponic plant cultivation: ; ; Table 2 shows that, through orthogonal experimental design, the effects of different concentration ratios of three exogenous hormones—indolebutyric acid (IBA), gibberellin (GA3), and salicylic acid—on the off-season hydroponic growth of Aralia elata were studied. The effectiveness of standardized branch pretreatment, hormone immersion, and ozone water culture management was verified. The test results show that exogenous hormone regulation is a key factor for the successful off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata, and the optimized hormone combination can significantly improve the efficiency of tender shoot cultivation. Among them, the blank control group branches that were not treated with any exogenous hormones did not sprout during the entire 41-day culture period, proving that the branches of Aralia elata in a natural dormant state cannot sprout spontaneously under off-season conditions and must be intervened with exogenous hormones to break dormancy and start the growth process. Among the nine hormone treatments, treatment group 2 (IBA 50 mg / L, GA3 100 mg / L, salicylic acid 2 g / L) showed the best overall performance. Its germination time was on the 15th day of culture, which was consistent with most treatment groups and significantly earlier than the low concentration GA3 group. By the 41st day of culture, the bud length of this group reached 134.98 cm and the average weight of a single plant was 76.16 g, both of which were the highest values ​​among all treatment groups. The bud growth rate and biomass accumulation showed obvious advantages.

[0033] In terms of breaking dormancy, the germination times of treatments 1, 4, and 7 with a GA3 concentration of 50 mg / L were D17, D17, and D16, respectively, which were generally later than those of treatments with GA3 concentrations of 100 mg / L and 150 mg / L. This indicates that appropriately increasing the GA3 concentration can effectively promote the early breaking of dormancy of Aralia elata branches and shorten the germination cycle. Meanwhile, the addition of salicylic acid has a significant promoting effect on the later growth of the shoots. Although the treatment group without added salicylic acid can germinate normally, its growth rate slows down significantly in the later stage. The entire test adopted standardized underwater oblique cutting pretreatment and ozone water culture management, which effectively avoided air embolism and base rot problems, and ensured the reliability and repeatability of each group of data; In summary, this hydroponic cultivation method, through precise hormone combination regulation and standardized hydroponic management, effectively solves the problems of late germination and poor growth of Aralia elata in off-season hydroponic cultivation, providing reliable technical support for its large-scale and standardized off-season production.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of young shoots of Aralia elata based on plant hormone regulation, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Select branches of Aralia elata and prune them to a length of 40cm. Then, immerse the base of the pruned branches in clean water and let them stand. After standing, wash the branches and perform pretreatment. S2. Prepare a hormone treatment solution by mixing IBA, GA3 and salicylic acid. The hormone treatment solution is brought to a final volume of 400 mL and then placed in a mixing container for later use. S3. Place the pre-treated branches into the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank for immersion treatment. After the hormone immersion treatment is completed, replace the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank with clean ozone water and transfer to the hydroponic culture stage. S4. For the first five days of cultivation, replace the water with fresh, clean ozone water daily. Starting from the fifth day of cultivation, adjust the replacement cycle to once every two days. Maintain constant temperature and light conditions throughout the cultivation process, and regularly observe and record the indicator data. Once the plant indicator data meets the standards, the hydroponic cultivation is complete.

2. The method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the proportions of IBA, GA3, and salicylic acid are 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, and 2 g / L, respectively.

3. The method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment in step S1 involves cutting off a 1-2 cm stem segment from the base of the branch at a 45° angle.

4. The method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the Aralia elata branches are one-year-old Aralia elata branches selected in late November that are uniformly growing, free from pests and diseases, and have plump buds.

5. The method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the branches are immersed in the hormone treatment solution for 3 hours to ensure that the base of the branches fully absorbs the exogenous hormones and to avoid damage to the tissue at the base of the branches due to excessive soaking time.

6. The method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, after the branches have been soaked in the hormone treatment solution, all the hormone treatment solution in the mixing tank is completely discarded. Then, the base of the branches and the mixing tank are rinsed with clean distilled water 2-3 times. Next, clean ozone water is poured into the mixing tank, and then the cleaned branches are inserted into the mixing tank containing clean ozone water for hydroponic cultivation.

7. The method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clean ozone water used in steps S3 and S4 is prepared by the following method: Take 1 / 2 to 4 / 6 of a standard 18-19L bottle of water, which corresponds to a single serving of approximately 9-12L of water. Use an ozone generator to aerate the water to produce clean ozone water, which is prepared and used immediately.

8. A method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ozone generator has an aeration time of 10 minutes, which is the optimal aeration time for ozone concentration in the water.

9. A method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, each time the clean ozone water is replaced, all the original liquid in the mixing tank must be completely discarded, and the mixing tank must be rinsed with clean distilled water 2-3 times. After cleaning, freshly prepared clean ozone water is added.

10. A method for off-season hydroponic cultivation of Aralia elata shoots based on plant hormone regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the specific indicator data that is periodically observed and recorded includes: The budding time of the branches, the bud length of the branches every 2 days from day 22 to day 41 of cultivation, the diameter of the basal stem of the branch bud on day 41 of cultivation, and the weight of a single branch on day 41 of cultivation.

Images