A precision fertilization method and device for rice in cold regions, a terminal and a storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a cold region rice precise fertilization method and device, a terminal and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilization. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a target nutrient recommended input amount required by a target plot unit area, wherein the target nutrients comprise nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; determining a target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer required by the target plot unit area according to the target nutrient mass percentage content of the green intelligent fertilizer suitable for the growth of cold region rice; determining a first nutrient required supplementary fertilizer supplementary amount by using the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input amount of the first nutrient and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer; and determining a fertilization strategy of the target plot according to the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer and the first nutrient required supplementary fertilizer supplementary amount, and in combination with the split management rules and application time window suitable for the growth cycle of cold region rice. The application can highly match the nutrient supply with the growth period demand of cold region rice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural fertilization technology, and in particular to a method, device, terminal and storage medium for precision fertilization of rice in cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] As a major food crop, rice production has long suffered from empirical fertilization and over-fertilization, resulting in low fertilizer utilization, significant nutrient loss, and high risk of non-point source pollution. To achieve precision fertilization, the industry generally adopts nutrient management expert systems (such as the NE system) for plot-level nutrient recommendations, while promoting new types of fertilizers such as green intelligent fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers to improve nutrient utilization efficiency.

[0003] In existing technologies, nutrient expert systems only output the total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient amounts, which cannot be directly converted into field-executable fertilizer dosages and fertilization plans. Manual conversion based on fertilizer formulas and fertilization habits is required, resulting in poor consistency and difficulty in replication and promotion. Green intelligent rice fertilizers are mostly fixed NPK formulas, which do not match the differentiated nutrient recommendations for each plot. Furthermore, the batch-based fertilization of rice relies on experience to determine the proportions and timing. Especially in cold rice-growing areas and under straw-returning conditions, the nutrient supply and rice's nutrient requirements are misaligned in time and space, easily leading to nitrogen waste in the early stages and insufficient nutrient supply in the later stages, causing excessive vegetative growth, lodging, and decreased grain filling rates, making it difficult to consistently achieve the goals of increased yield, reduced fertilizer use, improved efficiency, and reduced losses.

[0004] Therefore, the lack of existing technologies to integrate expert nutrient system recommendations, green and intelligent fertilizers, and standardized phased application of precision fertilization solutions limits the large-scale application of precision fertilization technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, device, terminal, and storage medium for precision fertilization of rice in cold regions, in order to solve the problem that the recommendation results of nutrient expert systems in the prior art cannot be directly implemented and are disconnected from green intelligent fertilizers and the actual fertilization scenarios of rice in cold regions, making it difficult to standardize and implement precision fertilization on a large scale.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a method for precise fertilization of rice in cold regions, including: The recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​the target plot is obtained, wherein the target nutrients include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; Based on the percentage content of the target nutrients in the green intelligent fertilizer suitable for the growth of rice in cold regions, the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined. The target application rate is determined based on the baseline nutrients, which are any one of the target nutrients. Using the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input rate of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient is determined. The first nutrient is the remaining nutrients in the target nutrient excluding the baseline nutrient. Based on the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application rate of the first nutrient required, and combined with the phased operation rules and application time windows adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice, the fertilization strategy for the target plot is determined.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a precision fertilization device for rice in cold regions, comprising: The input amount acquisition module is used to acquire the recommended input amount of target nutrients required per unit area of ​​the target plot, wherein the target nutrients include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; The application rate determination module is used to determine the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot based on the mass percentage content of the target nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted for the growth of cold-region rice. The target application rate is determined based on the benchmark nutrient, which is any one of the target nutrients. The supplementation amount determination module is used to determine the supplementation amount of the first nutrient required by using the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input amount of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer. The first nutrient is the remaining nutrients in the target nutrient excluding the baseline nutrient. The fertilization strategy generation module is used to determine the fertilization strategy for the target plot based on the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application amount of the first nutrient required, combined with the phased operation rules and application time window adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice.

[0008] Thirdly, this application provides a terminal including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect above.

[0009] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0010] This application provides a method, device, terminal, and storage medium for precision fertilization of rice in cold regions. The method involves obtaining the recommended input amount of target nutrients per unit area of ​​a target plot, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers; determining the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot based on the mass percentage of target nutrients in a green intelligent fertilizer adapted to the growth of cold-region rice, where the target application amount is determined based on a baseline nutrient, which is any one of the target nutrients; determining the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient using the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input amount of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, where the first nutrient is the remaining target nutrients excluding the baseline nutrient; and determining the fertilization strategy for the target plot based on the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient, and combining the phased application rules and application time windows adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice. This application achieves a deep coupling between the target nutrient recommendation of the nutrient management expert system and green intelligent fertilizer through a standardized process of benchmark nutrient quantification, gap supplementation, and phased management. It solves the problems of mismatch between fixed formula fertilizer and dynamic recommended amount for plot and reliance on experience for fertilization, so as to make the nutrient supply highly matched with the needs of cold-region rice during its growth period, and ultimately achieve the comprehensive goals of increasing yield, reducing fertilizer use, improving nutrient utilization rate and reducing nutrient loss. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the precision fertilization method for cold-region rice provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the precision fertilization device for cold-region rice provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 The implementation flowchart of the precision fertilization method for cold-region rice provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail below: In step 101, the recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​the target plot is obtained. The target nutrients include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, the recommended amount of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot is output through the nutrient management expert system.

[0017] In one possible implementation, obtaining the recommended nutrient input per unit area of ​​the target plot may include: Obtain basic information about the target plot, rice production parameters, straw return to the field and previous crop management information, as well as cultivation management planning information; Input the basic information of the target plot, rice production parameters, straw return and previous crop management information, and cultivation management planning information into the nutrient management expert system, and output the recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​the target plot.

[0018] Optionally, the basic information of the target plot, rice production parameters, straw return and previous crop management information, and cultivation management planning information should be collected. All information must be adapted to the ecological characteristics and mechanized planting needs of cold-region rice growing areas to ensure data integrity and accuracy. Specific information includes: Basic information of the plot: It is necessary to identify the specific area of ​​the cold-region rice growing area to which the target plot belongs (such as the ecological zone of Jiansanjiang and Fujin in Heilongjiang Province), and obtain the latitude and longitude of the plot automatically through a mobile app; record the soil type and texture (such as black soil, meadow soil, sandy loam, etc.), collect soil samples at a depth of 0-20cm using the random five-point sampling method, and determine the basic soil nutrient content (alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium); simultaneously record key environmental parameters that affect nutrient transformation, such as regional heat conditions (such as accumulated temperature level) and plot topography.

[0019] Rice production parameters: The planting variety must be a cold-region-specific japonica rice variety (such as the local main variety); the transplanting density (plant spacing × row spacing, e.g., 30cm × 14cm) and transplanting method (mechanical transplanting, manual transplanting, or direct seeding) must be clearly defined; based on the soil fertility level and planting objectives, a reasonable target yield level (e.g., ...) must be set. or At the same time, the growth period characteristics of the variety (such as early-maturing, mid-maturing, and late-maturing types) are recorded.

[0020] Straw return to the field and previous crop management information: verify whether the previous season's straw was returned to the field and the proportion of return (full return, half return, or no return), record the degree of straw crushing and the depth of tamping; clarify the type of previous crop (such as rice rotation, corn-rice rotation, etc.); trace the fertilization history (including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium application rates, fertilizer types, and fertilization periods) and yield history of the past 3-5 years to provide historical data support for nutrient demand prediction.

[0021] Cultivation and management planning information: Determine irrigation methods (such as thin water transplanting, shallow and frequent irrigation, dry and wet alternation, etc., suitable for cold regions), formulate pest and disease control plans (such as conventional chemical control, green control, etc.); clarify whether organic alternatives are planned to be adopted (such as the application of well-rotted straw fertilizer and farmyard manure), and the expected proportion of organic substitution.

[0022] The multi-dimensional information collected in this embodiment provides a basis for the nutrient management expert system to output accurate plot-scale recommended amounts (i.e., target nutrient recommended input amounts), and at the same time provides cold-region-specific constraints for subsequent prescription conversion and flexible regulation.

[0023] After collecting multi-dimensional information about the target plot, this information is completely input into the nutrient management expert system. This system embeds a nutrient recommendation model specifically for cold-region rice. The model parameters are optimized based on years of field trial databases in cold-region rice areas, and can accurately adapt to regional characteristics such as nitrogen fixation after straw return and slow nutrient conversion at low temperatures. Specifically: The system integrates key factors such as soil nutrient supply capacity and heat conditions from basic plot information, nutrient requirements of rice varieties and target yield from rice production parameters, and nitrogen retention effect brought about by straw return to the field. It uses an algorithm that couples crop yield response model with empirical rules to calculate the total nutrient demand per unit area of ​​the target plot.

[0024] The final output is the recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​the target plot, including nitrogen fertilizer (in N, per unit). ), phosphate fertilizer (calculated as P2O5, unit Potassium fertilizer (calculated as K2O, unit) The system provides the recommended total input amount. The recommended amount can be a single value or a reasonable range. If it is a range, the system will automatically select the median value (for conventional fields) or the high value (for fields with full straw return) based on the target yield and the straw return ratio. It can also optionally output basic suggestions for the application of base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, providing a basis for decision-making in subsequent prescription conversion and application planning.

[0025] In step 102, the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined based on the percentage content of the target nutrients in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted to the growth of cold-region rice. The target application rate is determined based on the baseline nutrients, which are any one of the target nutrients.

[0026] In this embodiment, based on the mass percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted to the growth characteristics of cold-region rice, the background of straw return to the field, and the soil environment of cold-region rice areas, and combined with the recommended input amount of target nutrients at the plot scale, the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot is quantitatively determined. The target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer is calculated by selecting a benchmark nutrient as the core basis for quantitative calculation. The benchmark nutrient is any one of the target nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, which can be flexibly selected or automatically matched by the system according to the soil fertility characteristics, nutrient limitation type, and green intelligent fertilizer formula characteristics of cold-region rice areas.

[0027] Green intelligent fertilizer is a special green intelligent compound fertilizer for cold-region rice. It must possess cold-region adaptability characteristics such as micro-domain isolation / phase protection, rapid and slow nitrogen synergy, calcium, magnesium, silicon / micronutrient synergy, and inhibitor or biostimulant regulation. Its production process and raw material selection comply with the guidelines for the use of green food fertilizers and the national standards for compound fertilizers. The nutrient mass percentages of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), and potassium (K2O) in this fertilizer are fixed values, denoted as follows: , , This provides a precise quantitative basis for calculating the target application rate. For example, the 15-8-11 type green intelligent compound fertilizer for rice has a nominal effective nutrient content of N-P2O5-K2O=15-8-11, and meets the requirement of soluble Si 2.5%, effective Ca 4.0% available Mg 1.0%, chelated Fe 0.05%, Zn 0.05%, Mn 0.02% total sulfur 2.0%.

[0028] The selection of benchmark nutrients should follow the core principles of nutrient management for rice in cold regions. Priority should be given to nutrients in the soil of cold rice-growing areas that are easily fixed, difficult to absorb, and play a key limiting role in rice yield formation. Phosphate or potassium fertilizers are conventionally preferred, but nitrogen fertilizer can be adjusted according to the local soil fertility capacity, past fertilization effects, and risk of nutrient loss. After selection, the target recommended input amount of the benchmark nutrient is used as a quantitative anchor. Combined with the fixed mass percentage of the benchmark nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer is obtained through division. This ensures that the limiting nutrient needs of rice growth in cold regions are met first, avoiding yield limitation caused by insufficient benchmark nutrient supply from the source, and laying the foundation for subsequent supplementation of other nutrient gaps.

[0029] In one possible implementation, determining the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot based on the percentage mass content of target nutrients in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted for the growth of cold-region rice can include: By utilizing the percentage content of target nutrients by mass and the recommended input of target nutrients in green intelligent fertilizer, the candidate application amount of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined when the target nutrients are used as candidate baseline nutrients. The application rate with the smallest value among all candidate application rates is selected as the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot, and the candidate baseline nutrient corresponding to the application rate with the smallest value is used as the baseline nutrient.

[0030] Optionally, based on the percentage content of target nutrients in the green intelligent fertilizer suitable for the growth of rice in cold regions, the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined. This is a quantitative calculation process based on the nutrient limitation principle. By calculating and screening candidate application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers as benchmark nutrients, the scientific quantification of green intelligent fertilizer application rate is achieved. Specifically, this includes: By utilizing the target nutrient mass percentages of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in green intelligent fertilizers, and calculating the corresponding recommended input amounts of these nutrients, the candidate application rates of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot are determined when nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are used as candidate baseline nutrients. Each candidate baseline nutrient corresponds to a unique candidate application rate of green intelligent fertilizer. This calculation process strictly follows the quantitative conversion logic between nutrient content and fertilizer nutrient concentration to ensure the accuracy of the candidate application rates. Among them, the target nutrient mass percentage content is a fixed nutrient content index in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted to the growth of cold-region rice. Specifically, it includes the mass percentage content of nitrogen fertilizer (calculated as N), the mass percentage content of phosphorus fertilizer (calculated as P2O5), and the mass percentage content of potassium fertilizer (calculated as K2O). The contents of these three types of nutrients are fixed values ​​calibrated by the green intelligent fertilizer at the factory and are the core basis for quantitative calculation.

[0031] In addition, the candidate application rates correspond one-to-one with the three target nutrients, specifically including the first candidate application rate with nitrogen fertilizer as the candidate baseline nutrient, the second candidate application rate with phosphate fertilizer as the candidate baseline nutrient, and the third candidate application rate with potash fertilizer as the candidate baseline nutrient.

[0032] Then, by utilizing the percentage content of the target nutrient mass and the recommended input amount of the target nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, the candidate application amount of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined when the target nutrient is used as the candidate baseline nutrient. This is a one-to-one quantitative conversion process, specifically including: When nitrogen fertilizer is used as a candidate benchmark nutrient, the first candidate application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined by using the ratio of the recommended nitrogen fertilizer input rate to the nitrogen fertilizer mass percentage content in the green intelligent fertilizer.

[0033]

[0034] in, The first candidate dosage. Recommended nitrogen fertilizer application rate This refers to the percentage content of nitrogen fertilizer by mass.

[0035] When using phosphate fertilizer as a candidate benchmark nutrient, the second candidate application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined by using the ratio of the recommended phosphate fertilizer application rate to the phosphate fertilizer mass percentage in the green intelligent fertilizer.

[0036]

[0037] in, This is the second candidate dosage. The recommended application rate of phosphate fertilizer is as follows: This refers to the percentage content of phosphate fertilizer by weight.

[0038] When using potash fertilizer as a candidate benchmark nutrient, the third candidate application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined by using the ratio of the recommended application rate of potash fertilizer to the mass percentage of potash fertilizer in green intelligent fertilizer.

[0039]

[0040] in, This is the third candidate dosage. This is the recommended application rate of potash fertilizer. This refers to the percentage content of potassium fertilizer by weight.

[0041] Then, the calculated application rates of all green smart fertilizer candidate amounts were... , , By comparing the numerical values, the application rate with the smallest value is selected from all candidate application rates and determined as the final target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot. Simultaneously, the candidate baseline nutrient corresponding to the candidate application amount with the smallest value is determined as the final baseline nutrient in this precision fertilization process. The core principle of selecting the smallest candidate application amount as the target application amount is: to prioritize meeting the most scarce nutrient needs of the plot when determining the amount of main fertilizer, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive input of a certain nutrient due to the application of a single green and intelligent fertilizer from the source. This aligns with the core needs of precision fertilization for cold-region rice: "reducing fertilizer and increasing efficiency, controlling quantity and ensuring yield," while also providing a reasonable basis for the application amount of main fertilizer to fill the gaps in other nutrients.

[0042] In step 103, the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input rate of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in green intelligent fertilizer are used to determine the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient. The first nutrient is the remaining nutrients in the target nutrient excluding the baseline nutrient.

[0043] The supplementary fertilizers should be single-element fertilizers or special fertilizers that are suitable for the soil environment of cold rice-growing areas, the fertilizer requirements of rice, and have a clear effective nutrient content. Among them, nitrogen fertilizers such as urea (containing about 46% nitrogen) and ammonium sulfate (containing about 20% nitrogen) are preferred for quick-acting or slow-acting nitrogen fertilizers. Phosphate fertilizers such as superphosphate (containing 12-20% phosphorus) and monoammonium phosphate (containing 44-50% phosphorus) are preferred for phosphorus fertilizers that are easily absorbed by cold soils. Potassium fertilizers such as potassium chloride (containing 50-62% potassium) and potassium sulfate (containing 50-54% potassium) are preferred for potassium fertilizers suitable for cold japonica rice. If there are two types of primary nutrients, the corresponding supplementary fertilizer dosage should be calculated separately for each. All calculation results should retain reasonable accuracy to ensure the practicality of supplementary fertilizer application. At the same time, the calculation process should take into account the nutrient transformation characteristics under the background of straw return to the field in cold rice-growing areas to avoid nutrient loss and environmental risks caused by excessive supplementary fertilizer input.

[0044] In this embodiment, combining the nutrient supply and demand balance principle of precision fertilization for cold-region rice with the application characteristics of fixed-formula green intelligent fertilizer, the actual supply of non-benchmark nutrients by green intelligent fertilizer is quantitatively calculated. The nutrient gap is calculated by comparing this with the recommended input of such nutrients, and finally, the precise supplementation amount is determined based on the effective nutrient content of the supplementary fertilizer. Specifically, using the determined target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input of the first nutrient per unit area of ​​the target cold-region rice plot, and the fixed mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, the unit area supplementation amount of the single-element supplementary fertilizer or special supplementary fertilizer required for the first nutrient is precisely determined through quantitative conversion and difference calculation. The first nutrient is one or two of the target nutrients for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, excluding the finally selected benchmark nutrient.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the required supplemental amount of fertilizer for the first nutrient is determined by using the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input rate of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer. This may include: Using the mass percentage of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer and the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, calculate the application rate ratio of the first nutrient in the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, and use the application rate ratio as the first application rate of the first nutrient. Based on the recommended input and application rates of the first nutrient, determine the required supplemental fertilizer amount for the first nutrient.

[0046] Optionally, by utilizing the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input rate of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, the required supplemental fertilizer amount for the first nutrient is determined. This is a standardized quantitative accounting process focused on nutrient supply and demand balance in cold-region rice. It involves step-by-step calculation of the actual supply of the first nutrient by the green intelligent fertilizer, combined with the recommended nutrient input rate to clarify the supply-demand gap, and finally accurately determining the application dosage of the supplemental fertilizer. Specifically, this includes: By using the fixed mass percentage of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer and quantitatively multiplying it with the determined target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, the actual nutrient supply that the first nutrient can provide per unit area of ​​the target plot under the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer is calculated, that is, the application amount of the first nutrient in the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, and this actual nutrient supply is directly used as the first application amount of the first nutrient.

[0047] The unified accounting unit in this calculation process is: We strictly adhere to the core formula: First application amount = Target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer × Percentage of first nutrient content in green intelligent fertilizer. This ensures the accuracy of the calculation of the actual supply of first nutrient by green intelligent fertilizer, laying a data foundation for subsequent gap calculation.

[0048] For example, if nitrogen fertilizer is used as the baseline nutrient, then: The first application rate of phosphate fertilizer is: ; The first application rate of potassium fertilizer is: .

[0049] If phosphate fertilizer is used as the baseline nutrient, then: The first application rate of nitrogen fertilizer is: ; The first application rate of potassium fertilizer is: .

[0050] If potassium fertilizer is used as the baseline nutrient, then: The first application rate of nitrogen fertilizer is: ; The first application rate of phosphate fertilizer is: .

[0051] Then, based on the recommended input amount of the first nutrient output by the nutrient management expert system, a numerical comparison and quantitative calculation are performed with the first application amount of the first nutrient calculated above. Combining this with the nutrient supply and demand matching principle of precision fertilization for cold-region rice, the unit area supplementary fertilizer application amount required for the first nutrient is determined. This process focuses on ensuring precise supply of the first nutrient to the target plot, clarifying the application needs of supplementary fertilizer by quantifying the supply-demand difference, avoiding the impact of insufficient nutrient supply on the growth of cold-region rice, and preventing excessive nutrient input and losses due to blind supplementation. Specifically: The difference between the recommended input amount and the first application amount of the first nutrient is used as the supplementary fertilizer amount required for the first nutrient. Specifically, the recommended input amount of the first nutrient per unit area of ​​the target plot output by the nutrient management expert system is subtracted from the first application amount of the first nutrient actually supplied by the green intelligent fertilizer. The difference is taken as the supplementary fertilizer amount per unit area required for the first nutrient. The calculation process strictly adheres to the principle that supplementary amount = recommended input amount of the first nutrient. The formula for the first nutrient and the first application rate.

[0052] It is important to note that if the calculation result is positive, it indicates that the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer cannot meet the plot's demand for the primary nutrient. The difference is the amount of nutrient that needs to be supplemented with fertilizer, and the actual fertilizer application amount needs to be calculated based on the effective nutrient content of the supplementary fertilizer. If the calculation result is zero or negative, it indicates that the green intelligent fertilizer can meet or even exceed the plot's recommended demand for the primary nutrient, and there is no need to apply additional fertilizer for this nutrient. This avoids problems such as reduced utilization and non-point source pollution caused by excessive nutrient input from the source, which is in line with the core requirements of precision fertilization for cold-region rice: "reducing fertilizer and increasing efficiency, controlling quantity and ensuring yield".

[0053] In step 104, the fertilization strategy for the target plot is determined based on the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient, combined with the phased operation rules and application time window adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice.

[0054] Among them, the phased allocation rules adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice are optimized rules specifically for cold-region rice areas. The core principle is to provide nitrogen in stages, apply phosphorus as basal fertilizer, and apply potassium as basal fertilizer and panicle fertilizer separately. Specifically, nitrogen fertilizer is allocated in the ratio of basal fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer = 5:2:3, all phosphorus fertilizer is applied as basal fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer is allocated in the ratio of basal fertilizer: panicle fertilizer = 5:5. Green and intelligent fertilizer is given priority as basal fertilizer to provide the main nutrients, giving full play to its characteristics of micro-domain isolation, fast and slow nitrogen synergy, and micro- and medium-micro-element synergy. Supplemental fertilizer is precisely allocated to the corresponding growth stage according to nutrient type and phased ratio. All supplemental phosphorus fertilizer is applied as basal fertilizer. The nitrogen in nitrogen-phosphorus compound supplemental fertilizer needs to be included in the total nitrogen balance and deducted accordingly to prevent nitrogen excess. Nitrogen supplemental fertilizer is mainly allocated to tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer, and potassium supplemental fertilizer is allocated to basal fertilizer and panicle fertilizer according to the ratio.

[0055] The application time window adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice is a precise time range verified by field trials and adapted to the growth rhythm of cold-region rice and mechanized operation. Specifically, it is as follows: base fertilizer is applied 0-3 days before transplanting and is incorporated into the soil during land preparation and plowing to ensure full contact with the soil; tillering fertilizer is applied 10-17 days after transplanting to match the nutrient requirements of the critical period of effective tillering of cold-region rice, while making up for the insufficient nitrogen supply caused by microbial nitrogen fixation after straw is returned to the field; panicle fertilizer is applied during the panicle incubation period (the critical stage of jointing to panicle incubation) to meet the peak nutrient requirements of panicle and grain development.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fertilization strategy for the target plot is determined based on the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient, combined with the phased operation rules and application time windows adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice. This is a standardized implementation process that deeply integrates the amount of main fertilizer and supplementary fertilizer gap of green intelligent fertilizer with the nutrient demand pattern of cold-region rice during its specific growth period. By scientifically dividing the total nutrients into growth periods, rationally allocating fertilizer types, and solidifying operable fertilization time nodes, a precision fertilization strategy for cold-region rice that is adapted to the target plot and can be directly implemented is formed.

[0057] In addition, during the determination of the fertilization strategy in this application embodiment, without changing the core framework of the phased operation rule and the application time window, the total nitrogen fertilizer input can be flexibly adjusted by ±20% to ±50% according to the soil fertility level of the target plot, annual meteorological conditions, and straw return ratio, or the organic substitution modular adjustment can be increased by 10% to 30%. This ensures that the fertilization strategy remains standardized while adapting to the personalized planting conditions of the target plot, ultimately achieving the goals of precise nutrient supply, efficient fertilizer utilization, and stable and increased yield of cold-region rice.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the fertilization strategy for the target plot is determined based on the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application rate of the first nutrient required, combined with the phased operation rules and application time windows adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice. This strategy may include: The sum of the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application rate of fertilizer required for the first nutrient is taken as the total amount of fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot. According to the principle of phased allocation, the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, total amount of phosphorus fertilizer, and total amount of potassium fertilizer in the total amount of fertilizer are divided proportionally according to the principle of phased allocation. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer, after being divided into proportions, are applied to the target plots according to the application time window.

[0059] Optionally, in this embodiment, the amount of main fertilizer and supplementary fertilizer gap of green intelligent fertilizer is integrated into the total fertilizer amount, and then broken down according to the specific nutrient operation rules for cold-region rice, combined with a standardized execution process with fixed time windows, to achieve precise spatiotemporal matching between nutrient supply and the needs of cold-region rice during its growth period, specifically including: First, the predetermined target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer is summed with the required supplementary fertilizer for each primary nutrient. The sum is then used as the total amount of fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot to meet the recommended input levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. This total fertilizer amount includes both the main portion of green intelligent fertilizer and the portion used to fill any gaps in the supplementary fertilizer. The unit used in the calculation is consistent with [missing unit]. Furthermore, the total usage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers is collected separately to ensure that the total supply of each type of nutrient matches the recommended input amount output by the nutrient management expert system, thereby achieving precise nutrient control from a total quantity perspective.

[0060] Then, based on the nutrient requirements during the growth stages of cold-region rice under the background of straw return to the field, and strictly following the phased application rules adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers collected in the total fertilizer amount is divided into stages according to the proportions set by the rules, clarifying the specific application amount of each nutrient at each growth stage of basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and panicle fertilizer. Among them, the phased application rules are optimized rules specifically for cold-region rice areas. In the process of splitting, the total amount of each nutrient is precisely matched, ensuring that the nutrient supply at each growth stage is highly consistent with the nutrient requirements of cold-region rice at key stages such as tillering, booting, and grain filling, while taking into account the characteristics of green and intelligent fertilizers that provide fast and slow nitrogen synergy and phosphorus micro-domain isolation.

[0061] Finally, the total amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, after being proportionally divided, were precisely matched with fixed application time windows that were adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice and verified through field trials. This clarified the specific application times and implementation requirements for each nutrient at each growth stage, and based on this, a complete fertilization plan was determined for the target plots. The application time windows were precise time ranges adapted to the growth rhythm of cold-region rice and mechanized planting operations. Specifically, the application time window for basal fertilizer was 0-3 days before transplanting, the application time window for tillering fertilizer was 10-17 days after transplanting, and the application time window for panicle fertilizer was during the rice's booting stage. The application amounts for each nutrient were strictly completed within their corresponding time windows. Simultaneously, the application methods were matched to the cultivation and management requirements of cold-region rice, specifying methods such as incorporating basal fertilizer into the soil during land preparation and plowing, and shallow water application of tillering and panicle fertilizers. This ensured the feasibility of the fertilization operation and the efficiency of nutrient absorption, ultimately forming a precise fertilization strategy specific to the target plots, with clearly defined nutrient amounts, application ratios, time points, and operation methods.

[0062] This application provides a method for precise fertilization of rice in cold regions. The method involves obtaining the recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​a target plot, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. Based on the percentage of the target nutrients in a green intelligent fertilizer suitable for the growth of rice in cold regions, the method determines the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot. The target application rate is determined based on a baseline nutrient, which is any one of the target nutrients. Using the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input of the first nutrient, and the percentage of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, the method determines the supplementary application rate of the supplementary fertilizer required for the first nutrient. The first nutrient consists of all other target nutrients besides the baseline nutrient. Based on the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application rate of the first nutrient, and combined with the phased application rules and application time windows suitable for the growth cycle of rice in cold regions, the method determines the fertilization strategy for the target plot. This application achieves a deep coupling between the target nutrient recommendation of the nutrient management expert system and green intelligent fertilizer through a standardized process of benchmark nutrient quantification, gap supplementation, and phased management. It solves the problems of mismatch between fixed formula fertilizer and dynamic recommended amount for plot and reliance on experience for fertilization, so as to make the nutrient supply highly matched with the needs of cold-region rice during its growth period, and ultimately achieve the comprehensive goals of increasing yield, reducing fertilizer use, improving nutrient utilization rate and reducing nutrient loss.

[0063] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0064] The following are device embodiments of this application. For details not described in detail, please refer to the corresponding method embodiments described above.

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the precision fertilization device for cold-region rice provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of this application are shown, and are described in detail below: like Figure 2 As shown, the precision fertilization device 2 for cold-region rice includes: The input acquisition module 21 is used to acquire the recommended input amount of target nutrients required per unit area of ​​the target plot. The target nutrients include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. The application rate determination module 22 is used to determine the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot based on the percentage content of the target nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted to the growth of cold-region rice. The target application rate is determined based on the baseline nutrient, which is any one of the target nutrients. The supplementation amount determination module 23 is used to determine the supplementation amount of the first nutrient by using the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input amount of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer. The first nutrient is the remaining nutrients in the target nutrient excluding the baseline nutrient. The fertilization strategy generation module 24 is used to determine the fertilization strategy for the target plot based on the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient, combined with the phased operation rules and application time window adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice.

[0066] This application provides a precision fertilization device for cold-region rice. It obtains the recommended input amount of target nutrients per unit area of ​​a target plot, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. Based on the mass percentage of target nutrients in a green intelligent fertilizer suitable for cold-region rice growth, it determines the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot. The target application amount is determined based on a baseline nutrient, which is any one of the target nutrients. Using the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input amount of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, it determines the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient, which includes all other target nutrients besides the baseline nutrient. Based on the target application amount of green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient, and combined with the phased application rules and application time windows adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice, it determines the fertilization strategy for the target plot. This application achieves a deep coupling between the target nutrient recommendation of the nutrient management expert system and green intelligent fertilizer through a standardized process of benchmark nutrient quantification, gap supplementation, and phased management. It solves the problems of mismatch between fixed formula fertilizer and dynamic recommended amount for plot and reliance on experience for fertilization, so as to make the nutrient supply highly matched with the needs of cold-region rice during its growth period, and ultimately achieve the comprehensive goals of increasing yield, reducing fertilizer use, improving nutrient utilization rate and reducing nutrient loss.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the dosage determination module can be used to: By utilizing the percentage content of target nutrients by mass and the recommended input of target nutrients in green intelligent fertilizer, the candidate application amount of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined when the target nutrients are used as candidate baseline nutrients. The application rate with the smallest value among all candidate application rates is selected as the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot, and the candidate baseline nutrient corresponding to the application rate with the smallest value is used as the baseline nutrient.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the target nutrient mass percentage includes the mass percentage of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer, and the candidate application rates include a first candidate application rate, a second candidate application rate, and a third candidate application rate. The application rate determination module can also be used for: By using the ratio of the recommended nitrogen fertilizer input rate to the nitrogen fertilizer mass percentage in the green intelligent fertilizer, the first candidate application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined when nitrogen fertilizer is used as the candidate baseline nutrient. By using the ratio of the recommended application rate of phosphate fertilizer to the percentage of phosphate fertilizer by mass in green intelligent fertilizer, the second candidate application rate of green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined when phosphate fertilizer is used as a candidate benchmark nutrient. By using the ratio of the recommended amount of potassium fertilizer to the mass percentage of potassium fertilizer in green intelligent fertilizer, the third candidate application amount of green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot when potassium fertilizer is used as a candidate benchmark nutrient is determined.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the supplementary quantity determination module can specifically be used for: Using the mass percentage of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer and the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, calculate the application rate ratio of the first nutrient in the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, and use the application rate ratio as the first application rate of the first nutrient. Based on the recommended input and application rates of the first nutrient, determine the required supplemental fertilizer amount for the first nutrient.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the supplementary quantity determination module can also be used for: The difference between the recommended input amount of the first nutrient and the first application amount is used as the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the fertilization strategy generation module can specifically be used for: The sum of the target application rate of green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application rate of fertilizer required for the first nutrient is taken as the total amount of fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot. According to the principle of phased allocation, the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, total amount of phosphorus fertilizer, and total amount of potassium fertilizer in the total amount of fertilizer are divided proportionally according to the principle of phased allocation. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer, after being divided into proportions, are applied to the target plots according to the application time window.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the input quantity acquisition module can specifically be used for: Obtain basic information about the target plot, rice production parameters, straw return to the field and previous crop management information, as well as cultivation management planning information; Input the basic information of the target plot, rice production parameters, straw return and previous crop management information, and cultivation management planning information into the nutrient management expert system, and output the recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​the target plot.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the terminal 3 in this embodiment includes: a processor 30, a memory 31, and a computer program 32 stored in the memory 31 and executable on the processor 30. When the processor 30 executes the computer program 32, it implements the steps described in the various embodiments of the precision fertilization method for cold-region rice, for example... Figure 1 Steps 101 to 104 are shown. Alternatively, when the processor 30 executes the computer program 32, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above-described device embodiments, for example... Figure 2 The functions of each module are shown.

[0074] For example, the computer program 32 can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 31 and executed by the processor 30 to complete this application. The one or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program 32 in the terminal 3. For example, the computer program 32 can be divided into... Figure 2 The modules shown.

[0075] The terminal 3 can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The terminal 3 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 30 and a memory 31. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 3 This is merely an example of terminal 3 and does not constitute a limitation on terminal 3. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, the terminal may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0076] The processor 30 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0077] The memory 31 can be an internal storage unit of the terminal 3, such as a hard disk or memory of the terminal 3. The memory 31 can also be an external storage device of the terminal 3, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the terminal 3. Furthermore, the memory 31 can include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the terminal 3. The memory 31 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal. The memory 31 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0079] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0081] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminals and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0082] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0083] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0084] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-described embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various embodiments of the precision fertilization method for cold-region rice described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0085] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for precise fertilization of rice in cold regions, characterized in that, include: The recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​the target plot is obtained, wherein the target nutrients include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; Based on the percentage content of the target nutrients in the green intelligent fertilizer suitable for the growth of rice in cold regions, the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot is determined. The target application rate is determined based on the baseline nutrients, which are any one of the target nutrients. Using the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input rate of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer, the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient is determined. The first nutrient is the remaining nutrients in the target nutrient excluding the baseline nutrient. Based on the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application rate of the first nutrient required, and combined with the phased operation rules and application time windows adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice, the fertilization strategy for the target plot is determined.

2. The method for precise fertilization of cold-region rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot based on the target nutrient mass percentage content in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted for the growth of cold-region rice includes: Using the mass percentage of the target nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer and the recommended input amount of the target nutrient, determine the candidate application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot when the target nutrient is used as a candidate baseline nutrient; The application rate with the smallest value among all candidate application rates is selected as the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot, and the candidate benchmark nutrient corresponding to the application rate with the smallest value is selected as the benchmark nutrient.

3. The method for precise fertilization of cold-region rice according to claim 2, characterized in that, The target nutrient mass percentage includes the mass percentage of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer. The candidate application rates include a first candidate application rate, a second candidate application rate, and a third candidate application rate. Determining the candidate application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer per unit area of ​​the target plot, using the target nutrient mass percentage in the green intelligent fertilizer and the recommended input rate of the target nutrient, with the target nutrient as the candidate baseline nutrient, includes: By using the ratio of the recommended nitrogen fertilizer input rate to the mass percentage of nitrogen fertilizer in the green intelligent fertilizer, the first candidate application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot when the nitrogen fertilizer is used as the candidate benchmark nutrient is determined. By using the ratio of the recommended amount of phosphate fertilizer to the mass percentage of phosphate fertilizer in the green intelligent fertilizer, the second candidate application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot when the phosphate fertilizer is used as the candidate benchmark nutrient is determined. By using the ratio of the recommended amount of potassium fertilizer to the mass percentage of potassium fertilizer in the green intelligent fertilizer, the third candidate application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot when the potassium fertilizer is used as the candidate benchmark nutrient is determined.

4. The method for precise fertilization of cold-region rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining the required supplemental amount of fertilizer for the first nutrient by utilizing the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input rate of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer includes: Using the mass percentage of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer and the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, calculate the application amount ratio of the first nutrient in the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, and use the application amount ratio as the first application amount of the first nutrient; Based on the recommended input amount of the first nutrient and the first application amount, determine the supplementary amount of fertilizer required for the first nutrient.

5. The method for precise fertilization of cold-region rice according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the required supplemental fertilizer dosage for the first nutrient based on the recommended input amount and the first application amount includes: The difference between the recommended amount of the first nutrient and the first application amount is used as the supplementary amount of fertilizer required to supplement the first nutrient.

6. The method for precise fertilization of cold-region rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the fertilization strategy for the target plot based on the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application rate of the first nutrient required, combined with the phased operation rules and application time windows adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice, includes: The sum of the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary amount of the fertilizer required for the first nutrient is taken as the total amount of fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot. According to the phased allocation rule, the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, total amount of phosphorus fertilizer and total amount of potassium fertilizer in the total amount of fertilizer are divided proportionally according to the phased allocation rule. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, total amount of phosphorus fertilizer, and total amount of potassium fertilizer, after being divided according to the ratio, are applied to the target plot according to the application time window.

7. The method for precise fertilization of cold-region rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recommended input of target nutrients required per unit area of ​​the target plot includes: Obtain basic information about the target plot, rice production parameters, straw return to the field and previous crop management information, and cultivation management planning information; The basic information of the target plot, rice production parameters, straw return and previous crop management information, and cultivation management planning information are input into the nutrient management expert system, which then outputs the recommended input of target nutrients per unit area of ​​the target plot.

8. A precision fertilization device for rice in cold regions, characterized in that, include: The input amount acquisition module is used to acquire the recommended input amount of target nutrients required per unit area of ​​the target plot, wherein the target nutrients include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; The application rate determination module is used to determine the target application rate of the green intelligent fertilizer required per unit area of ​​the target plot based on the mass percentage content of the target nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer adapted for the growth of cold-region rice. The target application rate is determined based on the benchmark nutrient, which is any one of the target nutrients. The supplementation amount determination module is used to determine the supplementation amount of the first nutrient required by using the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer, the recommended input amount of the first nutrient, and the mass percentage content of the first nutrient in the green intelligent fertilizer. The first nutrient is the remaining nutrients in the target nutrient excluding the baseline nutrient. The fertilization strategy generation module is used to determine the fertilization strategy for the target plot based on the target application amount of the green intelligent fertilizer and the supplementary application amount of the first nutrient required, combined with the phased operation rules and application time window adapted to the growth cycle of cold-region rice.

9. A terminal, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the precision fertilization method for cold-region rice as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the precision fertilization method for cold-region rice as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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