A mining device for underground mineral slurry mining

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of mine machinery and underground resource mining technology, and particularly relates to a mining device for underground mineral slurry mining, which comprises a tracked vehicle, a water tank, a slurry pump and a pushing driving mechanism are fixedly installed on the top of the tracked vehicle, a drill rod piece is arranged on the pushing driving mechanism, a drill bit is detachably installed on the end of the drill rod piece away from the pushing driving mechanism, and the pushing driving mechanism is used for driving the drill bit to rotate and axially move through the drill rod piece. Through the cooperative design of dynamic segmented plugging and double-channel slurry closed-circuit circulation, the present application realizes the integrated operation of drilling, supporting and slag removal. The step-by-step plugging mechanism effectively restricts the slurry circulation interval, greatly reduces the energy consumption and water consumption, the high-strength drill rod and the modular structure guarantee the reliable operation in the complex underground, and realize the in-situ enrichment of mine slag, and systematically solve the problems of hole wall instability and high carbon emission in soft seam mining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining machinery and underground resource extraction technology, and in particular to a mining apparatus for underground mineral mud extraction. Background Technology

[0002] In underground mineral mining, traditional mechanical crushing and dry transportation methods have many shortcomings for soft ore layers, weathered ore layers, or minerals that easily turn into mud when exposed to water (such as kaolin, bentonite, some rare earth minerals, and weathered iron ore). When traditional drilling equipment advances, the borehole wall is prone to collapse and falling blocks, which not only affects the quality of the borehole but may also lead to accidents such as stuck drill bits and buried drill bits, severely reducing mining efficiency. Furthermore, the large amount of dust generated during mining poses a threat to the underground working environment and the health of personnel, and the associated ventilation and dust removal systems have high energy consumption. After the minerals and rock cuttings are mixed, complex solid-liquid separation and beneficiation processes are required, which involve large equipment investments and high energy consumption, failing to meet the current development requirements of green mining and low-carbon mining technologies.

[0003] In recent years, mud circulation drilling and hydraulic conveying technologies have gained increasing attention. By injecting liquid into the borehole to mix drill cuttings and minerals to form pumpable mud, which is then transported through pipelines, energy consumption and dust generation in intermediate transportation stages can be effectively reduced. However, existing mud circulation drilling devices still have core drawbacks when applied downhole: conventional drilling tools struggle to create a dynamic and reliable sealing zone within the borehole, leading to the loss of high-pressure mud along the annulus between the drill pipe and the borehole wall, failing to effectively carry back the ore cuttings, resulting in low circulation efficiency and high energy consumption; when the drill bit continues to advance, the borehole wall sealing mechanism is often fixed or requires frequent shutdowns and relocations, making it impossible to achieve continuous segmented sealing and coordinated advance actions; furthermore, existing devices have complex structures, insufficient sealing performance, torsional strength, and adaptability to different borehole diameters, making it difficult to operate stably and reliably in harsh downhole environments. Therefore, a mining device for downhole mineral mud extraction is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a mining device for underground mineral mud mining.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a mining device for underground mineral mud mining, comprising a tracked vehicle, wherein a water tank, a mud pump and a pushing drive mechanism are fixedly installed on the top of the tracked vehicle, a drill rod is provided on the pushing drive mechanism, and a drill bit is detachably installed at the end of the drill rod away from the pushing drive mechanism, and the pushing drive mechanism is used to drive the drill bit to rotate and move it axially through the drill rod; The drill pipe assembly includes an outer tube and an inner tube coaxially and fixedly connected. The outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube, and both are detachably connected to the drill bit. The drill bit has multiple slag discharge holes communicating with the inner tube and multiple liquid outlet holes communicating with the outer tube. The inner tube is used to transport the mud and drill cuttings entering through the slag discharge holes to the outside, and the outer tube is used to inject the liquid pumped by the mud pump into the borehole through the liquid outlet holes. The drill pipe is fitted with an elastic sealing mechanism, which includes a ring frame one fixedly fitted on the outer tube and a ring frame two slidably fitted on the outer tube. An air bladder one and an air bladder two are fixedly fitted on the outer sides of the ring frame one and the ring frame two, respectively. The ring frame one and the ring frame two are connected by multiple hydraulic rods. The elastic sealing mechanism is used to form a dynamically moving segmented sealing section in the borehole by alternating inflation and deflation of the air bladder one and the air bladder two and the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rods, so as to restrict the circulation of mud in the sealing section near the drill bit.

[0006] Preferably, the pushing drive mechanism includes a base fixed to the top of the tracked vehicle, a slide table slidably mounted on the top of the base, a motor and a gearbox fixedly mounted on the top of the slide table, the output shaft end of the motor being connected to the input end of the gearbox, a chuck being fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox, a hydraulic cylinder being fixedly mounted inside the base, and the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide table.

[0007] Preferably, the drill rod further includes a first circular box and a second circular box that are fixedly connected. The inner tube rotatably passes through the first circular box and the second circular box and extends into the first circular box. The outer tube rotatably passes through the second circular box and extends into the second circular box. A connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the side of the first circular box away from the inner tube. The chuck is detachably connected to the connecting shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the first circular box has multiple channels arranged in a circumferential array, and the inner wall of the second circular box has multiple channels arranged in a circumferential array. The outer sides of the first and second circular boxes are respectively rotatably fitted with outer covers one and two outer covers. The outer covers one and two outer covers one and two circular tubes one and two circular tubes one and two circular tubes respectively are fixedly installed through them. The outer sides of the outer covers one and two outer covers two are fixedly connected to the same fixing frame. The top of the base is slidably installed with a movable plate, and the bottom of the fixing frame is detachably connected to the movable plate.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing spacers arranged in a circumferential array are fixedly connected between the outer tube and the inner tube, and the two ends of the reinforcing spacers are flush with the two ends of the outer tube.

[0010] Preferably, the drill bit has two coaxial circular grooves, the inner tube is detachably connected to the inner wall of the first circular groove, the outer tube is detachably connected to the inner wall of the second circular groove, a retaining ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second circular groove to abut against the outer tube, multiple liquid outlet holes are connected to the second circular groove, and multiple slag discharge holes are connected to the first circular groove.

[0011] Preferably, the first ring frame is provided with retaining springs on both sides, the outer tube has an annular groove adapted to the two retaining springs, the hydraulic rod is fitted with a bellows on the outer side, and the two ends of the bellows are fixedly connected to the first ring frame and the second ring frame, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, a support base is detachably mounted on the top of the base, and the outer tube passes through the support base and is rotatably connected to it.

[0013] Preferably, the water outlet of the water tank is connected to the water inlet of the mud pump via a pipe, the water outlet of the mud pump is connected to the water inlet of the drill rod via a pipe, and the water inlet of the water tank is connected to the slag outlet of the drill rod via a pipe, forming a mud circulation loop.

[0014] Preferably, an air tube 1 connected to an airbag 2 is fixedly installed on the annular frame 2, and an air tube 2 connected to an airbag 1 is fixedly installed on the annular frame 1. The air tube 2 passes through the annular frame 2 and is slidably connected to the annular frame 2.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention features an elastic sealing mechanism controlled by airbag one, airbag two, and a hydraulic rod, enabling the formation of a dynamic sealing zone within the borehole through alternating movement and segmented sealing. Addressing the characteristics of low borehole wall strength and susceptibility to collapse in soft mineral formations such as kaolin and bentonite, airbags one and two employ a low-pressure, large-area contact method. Combined with alternating anchoring of airbags one and two, mud column-assisted support, and a flow-limiting segmented sealing design, this effectively prevents airbags one and two from "sinking" into the soft borehole wall, leading to sealing failure. Simultaneously, it allows for minor leakage, ensuring reliable system operation in complex formations. During drilling, airbag two inflates and presses against the borehole wall, while airbag one contracts, ensuring forced circulation of mud only in a limited area near the drill bit. The mud, carrying drill cuttings, returns to the surface through channels such as the cuttings discharge hole, inner pipe, and cylindrical box, significantly reducing mud loss and ineffective circulation. This substantially lowers the operating power consumption of equipment such as mud pumps, meeting the core requirements of low-carbon mining technology. Meanwhile, by utilizing the synchronous control of the cylinder propulsion and the extension of the hydraulic rod, and in conjunction with the alternating inflation and deflation of airbag one and airbag two, a step-by-step operation mode of "sealing the rear end when advancing and relaying the sealing at the front end when stopping" is realized. The sealing unit can be moved forward without stopping the machine, ensuring continuous and stable drilling.

[0016] This invention employs a coaxially fixed connection between the outer and inner tubes, with a reinforcing spacer between them, significantly improving the torsional strength and coaxiality of the drill pipe components, enabling them to withstand complex downhole propulsion and rotational loads. The drill bit is detachably connected to the inner and outer tubes via coaxial circular grooves one and two, respectively, and is precisely positioned with retaining rings, ensuring independent sealing and unobstructed flow through the dual channels of slag discharge in the inner tube and water delivery in the outer tube. The modular design of the cylindrical box, outer cover, and fixing frame makes the power input, fluid input, and fluid output interfaces clear and securely connected, facilitating rapid disassembly and maintenance downhole. Furthermore, the water flow from the outer tube, sprayed through the outlet hole, not only cools the drill bit but also promptly fills and supports the newly formed borehole space, effectively preventing borehole wall collapse and avoiding the risks of stuck drill bit or burying.

[0017] This invention achieves in-situ slurry enhancement. After the slurry carrying slag returns to the water tank, it is filtered and settled. The slurry containing the filtered residue is then pumped back into the drill pipe for recycling, while mineral particles are enriched within the water tank. This closed-loop circulation system not only saves water resources but also achieves preliminary enrichment and dehydration of minerals at the mining site, reducing the energy consumption of lifting and transporting large amounts of surrounding rock debris to the surface, and lowering subsequent beneficiation and dehydration costs and carbon emissions. Simultaneously, through dynamic segmented plugging and a highly efficient closed-loop slurry circulation design, the device systematically solves problems such as borehole instability, slurry loss, and high energy consumption during drilling in soft ore formations, providing an efficient, reliable, and low-carbon environmentally friendly technical solution for downhole mineral slurry mining. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill rod, elastic plugging mechanism, drill bit, and pushing drive mechanism in a mining apparatus for downhole mineral mud mining proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pushing drive mechanism in a mining device for underground mineral mud mining proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the drill rod, elastic plugging mechanism, and drill bit in a mining apparatus for downhole mineral mud mining proposed in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the drill bit in a mining apparatus for downhole mineral mud mining proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a side view of the outer pipe, inner pipe, and multiple reinforcing spacers in a mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining proposed in this invention; Figure 8This is a side sectional view of an elastic sealing mechanism in a mining apparatus for downhole mineral mud mining proposed in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Tracked vehicle; 2. Water tank; 3. Mud pump; 4. Drill rod; 5. Elastic plugging mechanism; 6. Drill bit; 7. Pushing drive mechanism; 41. Outer tube; 42. Inner tube; 43. Round box one; 431. Channel one; 44. Round box two; 441. Channel two; 45. Outer cover one; 46. Outer cover two; 47. Round tube one; 48. Round tube two; 49. Reinforcing strip; 410. Fixing frame; 411. Connecting shaft; 51. Ring frame one; 52. Airbag one; 53. Ring frame two; 54. Airbag two; 55. Hydraulic rod; 56. Bellows; 57. Snap ring; 58. Air tube one; 59. Air tube two; 61. Circular trough one; 62. Circular trough two; 63. Slag discharge hole; 64. Liquid outlet hole; 65. Baffle ring; 71. Base; 72. Support base; 73. Slide table; 74. Motor; 75. Gearbox; 76. Chuck; 77. Moving plate; 78. Hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a mining device for underground mineral mud mining, including a tracked vehicle 1, a water tank 2, a mud pump 3 and a push drive mechanism 7 fixedly installed on the top of the tracked vehicle 1, a drill rod 4 is provided on the push drive mechanism 7, and a drill bit 6 is detachably installed at the end of the drill rod 4 away from the push drive mechanism 7. The push drive mechanism 7 is used to drive the drill bit 6 to rotate through the drill rod 4 and drive it to move axially. The drill rod 4 includes an outer tube 41 and an inner tube 42 that are coaxially fixedly connected. The outer tube 41 is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube 42. Both are detachably connected to the drill bit 6. The drill bit 6 has multiple slag discharge holes 63 that communicate with the inner tube 42 and multiple liquid outlet holes 64 that communicate with the outer tube 41. The inner tube 42 is used to transport the mud and drill cuttings that enter through the slag discharge holes 63 to the outside. The outer tube 41 is used to inject the liquid pumped by the mud pump 3 into the borehole through the liquid outlet holes 64. An elastic sealing mechanism 5 is fitted onto the drill pipe 4, which includes an annular frame 51 fixedly fitted onto the outer tube 41 and an annular frame 53 slidably fitted onto the outer tube 41. An airbag 52 and an airbag 54 are fixedly fitted onto the outer sides of the annular frame 51 and the annular frame 53, respectively. The annular frame 51 and the annular frame 53 are connected by multiple hydraulic rods 55. The elastic sealing mechanism 5 is used to form a dynamically moving segmented sealing section in the borehole by alternating inflation and deflation of the airbag 52 and the airbag 54 and the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rods 55, so as to restrict the circulation of mud in the sealing section near the drill bit 6.

[0022] Furthermore, airbags 52 and 54 are made of low-pressure, large-diameter elastic material. When inflated, they adhere to the soft ore layer borehole wall in a large-area contact manner to form friction anchoring, avoiding local high-pressure point contact that could lead to borehole wall collapse or airbag embedment. Airbags 52 and 54 alternately inflate and deflate, and alternately move forward, resulting in short single-point continuous pressure time, and the borehole wall can elastically recover after deflation. At the same time, the mud injected into the borehole through the effluent port 64 forms a liquid column support, sharing the formation pressure and reducing the radial expansion force required for airbags 52 and 54 to maintain anchoring. In addition, fiber-reinforced flexible sheaths can be optionally fitted to the outside of airbags 52 and 54 to further disperse radial force and prevent airbags 52 and 54 from directly embedding into the soft borehole wall. The elastic sealing mechanism 5 does not rotate synchronously with the drill rod 4. Specifically, the first ring frame 51 is fixed axially by the snap rings 57 on both sides and the annular groove on the outside of the outer tube 41, but can rotate freely relative to the outer tube 41 in the circumferential direction. The second ring frame 53 is slidably sleeved on the outer tube 41, and also maintains a circumferentially rotatable engagement with the outer tube 41. Therefore, when the drill rod 4 is driven to rotate by the motor 74 for drilling, the first ring frame 51, the second ring frame 53, the first airbag 52, the second airbag 54 and the hydraulic rod 55 of the elastic sealing mechanism 5 do not rotate with the drill rod 4 by contacting the inner wall of the borehole. This avoids torsional friction or tearing between the first airbag 52 and the second airbag 54 and the borehole wall, ensuring that the first airbag 52 and the second airbag 54 only perform radial expansion sealing and axial stepping movement in the borehole, which significantly improves the stability of the sealing and the service life of the first airbag 52 and the second airbag 54.

[0023] Furthermore, during drilling, the second airbag 54 inflates and presses against the inner wall of the borehole, while the first airbag 52 is in a deflated state. The contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 78 and the extension of multiple hydraulic rods 55 are synchronized. After drilling a certain distance, the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 78 and the extension of multiple hydraulic rods 55 are stopped. The first airbag 52 is inflated, the second airbag 54 is deflated, and the extension of multiple hydraulic rods 55 is controlled to push the second ring frame 53 away from the first ring frame 51. Then, the second airbag 54 is inflated and the first airbag 52 is deflated. The above steps are repeated to achieve step-by-step tunneling.

[0024] The push drive mechanism 7 includes a base 71 fixed on the top of the tracked vehicle 1. A slide 73 is slidably mounted on the top of the base 71. A motor 74 and a gearbox 75 are fixedly mounted on the top of the slide 73. The output shaft end of the motor 74 is connected to the input end of the gearbox 75. A chuck 76 is fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox 75. A hydraulic cylinder 78 is fixedly mounted inside the base 71. The piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 78 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide 73.

[0025] The drill rod 4 also includes a first circular box 43 and a second circular box 44 that are fixedly connected. The inner tube 42 rotates through the first circular box 43 and the second circular box 44 and extends into the first circular box 43. The outer tube 41 rotates through the second circular box 44 and extends into the second circular box 44. A connecting shaft 411 is fixedly installed on the side of the first circular box 43 away from the inner tube 42. The chuck 76 is detachably connected to the connecting shaft 411.

[0026] The inner wall of the first circular box 43 has multiple channels 431 arranged in a circular array, and the inner wall of the second circular box 44 has multiple channels 441 arranged in a circular array. The outer sides of the first circular box 43 and the second circular box 44 are respectively fitted with outer covers 45 and 46. The outer covers 45 and 46 are respectively fixedly installed with circular tubes 48 and 47 through them. The outer sides of the outer covers 45 and 46 are fixedly connected to the same fixing frame 410. The top of the base 71 is slidably installed with a movable plate 77. The bottom of the fixing frame 410 is detachably connected to the movable plate 77.

[0027] Multiple reinforcing spacers 49 arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected between the outer tube 41 and the inner tube 42. The two ends of the reinforcing spacers 49 are flush with the two ends of the outer tube 41.

[0028] The drill bit 6 has coaxial circular groove 1 61 and circular groove 2 62. The inner tube 42 is detachably connected to the inner wall of circular groove 1 61, and the outer tube 41 is detachably connected to the inner wall of circular groove 2 62. A retaining ring 65 that abuts against the outer tube 41 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of circular groove 2 62. Multiple liquid outlet holes 64 are connected to circular groove 2 62, and multiple slag discharge holes 63 are connected to circular groove 1 61.

[0029] Furthermore, by setting a retaining ring 65, the installation depth of the outer tube 41 in the circular groove 62 can be precisely limited, thereby effectively preventing the outer tube 41 from blocking multiple liquid outlet holes 64 due to excessive insertion, and ensuring unobstructed water flow.

[0030] Both sides of the ring frame 51 are provided with snap rings 57. The outer tube 41 has an annular groove on the outside that matches the two snap rings 57. The hydraulic rod 55 is fitted with a bellows 56 on the outside. The two ends of the bellows 56 are fixedly connected to the ring frame 51 and the ring frame 53 respectively.

[0031] Furthermore, by utilizing the cooperation of two snap rings 57 with the corresponding annular slots, the annular frame 51 can be reliably fixed to the set axial position on the outer tube 41, while ensuring that the outer tube 41 and the annular frame 51 maintain a relative rotational connection, thus avoiding interference with the normal rotation of the drill rod 4.

[0032] The top of the base 71 is detachably mounted with a support 72, and the outer tube 41 passes through the support 72 and is rotatably connected to it.

[0033] The outlet of water tank 2 is connected to the inlet of mud pump 3 via a pipe, the outlet of mud pump 3 is connected to the inlet of drill rod 4 via a pipe, and the inlet of water tank 2 is connected to the slag outlet of drill rod 4 via a pipe, forming a mud circulation loop.

[0034] Furthermore, the support seat 72 can provide auxiliary support for the drill rod 4, preventing the entire weight of the drill rod 4 near the push drive mechanism 7 from acting directly on the chuck 76, thereby ensuring that the chuck 76 only performs clamping and torque transmission functions on the connecting shaft 411, improving transmission stability and service life.

[0035] An air tube 58 connected to an airbag 54 is fixedly installed on the second ring frame 53. An air tube 59 connected to an airbag 52 is fixedly installed on the first ring frame 51. The air tube 59 passes through the second ring frame 53 and is slidably connected to the second ring frame 53.

[0036] Furthermore, airbag 54 is independently controlled by air pipe 58 fixed on ring frame 53, and airbag 52 is independently controlled by air pipe 59 fixed on ring frame 51. Air pipe 59 passes through ring frame 53 and is slidably connected to it. Both air pipe 58 and air pipe 59 are connected to an external compressed air source through hoses. Thus, during the alternating inflation and deflation of airbag 52 and airbag 54 and the extension and retraction of hydraulic rod 55, it is possible to achieve uninterrupted air supply to airbag 52 and ensure that ring frame 53 can move freely axially relative to ring frame 51. Finally, they work together to complete the dynamic segmented sealing and step-by-step tunneling in the borehole.

[0037] In this embodiment: During installation: First, adjust the hydraulic cylinder 78 to its fully extended state. Then, clamp and fix the connecting shaft 411 on the drill rod 4 using the chuck 76, ensuring that the connecting shaft 411 and the chuck 76 remain coaxial. Next, slide the support base 72 onto the outer tube 41 from the end of the drill rod 4 furthest from the connecting shaft 411, and move the support base 72 to the preset installation position on top of the base 71. Then, adjust the position of the moving plate 77 so that it is directly below the fixing frame 410. Finally, secure the base 71 and support base 72, and the moving plate 77 and fixing frame 410 using fasteners.

[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the second annular frame 53 and the first annular frame 51 are sequentially fitted onto the outer tube 41 from the end of the drill rod 4 away from the connecting shaft 411, and the first annular frame 51 is positioned between the two annular grooves on the outer side of the outer tube 41. Then, two retaining rings 57 are respectively installed in the two annular grooves to axially limit the first annular frame 51 from both sides and prevent it from moving.

[0039] Subsequently, the drill bit 6 is threaded onto the outer tube 41 and the inner tube 42, so that the inner tube 42 is threaded into the inner wall of the first circular groove 61, and the outer tube 41 is threaded into the inner wall of the second circular groove 62. When the outer tube 41 abuts against the retaining ring 65, the fastening between the drill rod 4 and the drill bit 6 is completed. Finally, the first circular tube 47 is connected to the inlet of the water tank 2 through pipe one, the second circular tube 48 is connected to the outlet of the mud pump 3 through pipe two, and the outlet of the water tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the mud pump 3 through pipe three, thus completing the laying of the water circuit and mud circulation pipeline.

[0040] During the drilling operation: During operation, the drill bit 6 is placed against the tunnel wall to be drilled. The motor 74 is started, and the motor 74 drives the chuck 76 to rotate through the gearbox 75. The chuck 76 then drives the outer tube 41, inner tube 42, and the entire drill bit 6 to rotate synchronously through the connecting shaft 411. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 78 is retracted, causing the slide 73 to pull the motor 74 and drill rod 4 to push the drill bit 6 into the tunnel wall, thereby realizing drilling. The feeding method of using the hydraulic cylinder 78 to drive the slide 73 to extend and retract relative to the base 71 significantly improves the control accuracy and running stability of the axial feed of the drilling compared to the traditional tracked vehicle 1's whole-vehicle propulsion, while reducing the overall energy consumption and the requirements for tunnel space. More importantly, by decoupling the propulsion action from the overall vehicle position, it effectively avoids problems such as center of gravity instability, ground slippage, and borehole wall impact collapse caused by the movement of the whole vehicle, making it particularly suitable for soft, narrow, and slippery mining environments underground.

[0041] During mud circulation and borehole wall support: Once the drilling depth is sufficient to accommodate the elastic sealing mechanism 5, the airbags 52 and 54 are intermittently inflated and deflated, causing them to alternately expand and press against the inner wall of the borehole. Then, the mud pump 3 is started, pumping clean water into the circular tube 48 through the second pipe. The water flows through the circular tube 48, sequentially passing through the outer casing 45 and the circular box 44, entering the annular channel between the outer tube 41 and the inner tube 42, and finally exiting from multiple outlet holes 64. The discharged water fills the drilling area of ​​the elastic sealing mechanism 5 on the side away from the push drive mechanism 7, cooling the drill bit 6 and providing effective support to the inner wall of the borehole near the drill bit 6, preventing borehole collapse.

[0042] As water is continuously injected, it mixes with the drilling debris to form mud, which carries the drill cuttings through multiple discharge holes 63 into the interior of the second circular groove 62. The mud and drill cuttings then flow through the second circular groove 62 into the interior of the first circular box 43 and the second outer cover 46, and then return to the water tank 2 for filtration and sedimentation via the first circular pipe 47 and the first pipeline. After sedimentation and separation, the mud filtered from the drill cuttings is pumped back into the drill rod 4 through the third pipeline and the mud pump 3 and recycled into the borehole, while the drill cuttings accumulate at the bottom of the water tank 2, achieving preliminary in-situ enrichment of the slag.

[0043] When performing dynamic segmented sealing and step-by-step tunneling: During the drilling process of drill bit 6, airbag 2 54 is inflated and tightly pressed against the inner wall of the borehole with low pressure and a large area, while airbag 1 52 is deflated and contracted. Due to the use of large-area surface contact rather than line sealing, even if the borehole wall of the soft ore layer undergoes local slight deformation, airbag 2 54 can still conform to the shape of the borehole wall to form effective frictional anchoring and will not sink into it due to borehole wall collapse. At the same time, the contraction action of hydraulic cylinder 78 and the extension action of multiple hydraulic rods 55 are synchronized, so that drill bit 6, ring frame 1 51, and airbag 1 52 advance together.

[0044] After drill bit 6 has advanced the preset distance, the retraction of hydraulic cylinder 78 and extension of hydraulic rod 55 are stopped. Airbag 1 52 is then inflated to expand and press against the borehole wall, while airbag 2 54 is deflated to contract. Because airbags 1 52 and 2 54 alternately bear the load, the continuous pressure of any airbag on the borehole wall is very short. The borehole wall can quickly recover its elasticity after airbags 1 52 and 2 54 deflate, avoiding creep collapse caused by long-term static pressure. Next, multiple hydraulic rods 55 are extended to push annular frame 2 53 forward, away from annular frame 1 51. After annular frame 2 53 is in position, airbag 2 54 is inflated again to expand and press against the borehole wall, while airbag 1 52 is deflated to contract. This completes one step cycle, and drill bit 6 can be controlled again for the next stage of excavation.

[0045] It should be noted that the "segmented sealing" achieved by this institution is essentially flow restriction rather than absolute sealing, allowing a small amount of mud to leak along the annulus; as long as the leakage rate is less than 20% of the rated flow of mud pump 3, the closed-loop circulation system can still maintain efficient operation, thus taking into account both the sealing effect and the integrity of the borehole wall in soft ore layers.

[0046] By repeating the alternating movement and inflation / deflation of airbag 52 and airbag 54, dynamic segmented sealing can be implemented on the borehole inner wall area adjacent to drill bit 6, ensuring that the pumped mud circulates effectively only within the current sealing interval, thereby significantly improving mud carrying efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining, comprising a tracked vehicle (1), characterized in that, The tracked vehicle (1) is fixedly equipped with a water tank (2), a mud pump (3) and a push drive mechanism (7). The push drive mechanism (7) is provided with a drill rod (4). A drill bit (6) is detachably installed at one end of the drill rod (4) away from the push drive mechanism (7). The push drive mechanism (7) is used to drive the drill bit (6) to rotate and move it axially through the drill rod (4). The drill rod (4) includes an outer tube (41) and an inner tube (42) that are coaxially fixedly connected. The outer tube (41) is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube (42), and both are detachably connected to the drill bit (6). The drill bit (6) has multiple slag discharge holes (63) that communicate with the inner tube (42) and multiple liquid outlet holes (64) that communicate with the outer tube (41). The inner tube (42) is used to transport the mud and drill cuttings that enter through the slag discharge holes (63) to the outside, and the outer tube (41) is used to inject the liquid pumped by the mud pump (3) into the borehole through the liquid outlet holes (64). The drill rod (4) is fitted with an elastic sealing mechanism (5), which includes a ring frame one (51) fixedly fitted on the outer tube (41) and a ring frame two (53) slidably fitted on the outer tube (41). An air bag one (52) and an air bag two (54) are fixedly fitted on the outer sides of the ring frame one (51) and the ring frame two (53), respectively. The ring frame one (51) and the ring frame two (53) are connected by multiple hydraulic rods (55). The elastic sealing mechanism (5) is used to form a dynamically moving segmented sealing section in the borehole by alternating inflation and deflation of the air bag one (52) and the air bag two (54) and extension and retraction of the hydraulic rods (55), so as to constrain the mud to circulate in the sealing section near the drill bit (6).

2. The mining apparatus for downhole mineral mud mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push drive mechanism (7) includes a base (71) fixed on the top of the tracked vehicle (1), a slide (73) is slidably mounted on the top of the base (71), a motor (74) and a gearbox (75) are fixedly mounted on the top of the slide (73), the output shaft end of the motor (74) is connected to the input end of the gearbox (75), a chuck (76) is fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox (75), and a hydraulic cylinder (78) is fixedly mounted inside the base (71), the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (78) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide (73).

3. A mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drill rod component (4) also includes a first circular box (43) and a second circular box (44) that are fixedly connected. The inner tube (42) rotates through the first circular box (43) and the second circular box (44) and extends into the first circular box (43). The outer tube (41) rotates through the second circular box (44) and extends into the second circular box (44). A connecting shaft (411) is fixedly installed on the side of the first circular box (43) away from the inner tube (42). The chuck (76) is detachably connected to the connecting shaft (411).

4. A mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first circular box (43) is provided with multiple channels (431) arranged in a circular array. The inner wall of the second circular box (44) is provided with multiple channels (441) arranged in a circular array. The outer sides of the first circular box (43) and the second circular box (44) are respectively fitted with outer cover (45) and outer cover (46). The outer cover (45) and the outer cover (46) are respectively fixedly installed with circular tube (48) and circular tube (47) through. The outer sides of the outer cover (45) and the outer cover (46) are fixedly connected to the same fixing frame (410). The top of the base (71) is slidably installed with a moving plate (77). The bottom of the fixing frame (410) is detachably connected to the moving plate (77).

5. A mining apparatus for downhole mineral mud mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple reinforcing spacers (49) arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected between the outer tube (41) and the inner tube (42), with the two ends of the reinforcing spacers (49) being flush with the two ends of the outer tube (41).

6. A mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit (6) has a coaxial circular groove 1 (61) and a circular groove 2 (62). The inner tube (42) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove 1 (61), and the outer tube (41) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove 2 (62). A retaining ring (65) that abuts against the outer tube (41) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular groove 2 (62). Multiple liquid outlet holes (64) are connected to the circular groove 2 (62), and multiple slag discharge holes (63) are connected to the circular groove 1 (61).

7. A mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the first ring frame (51) are provided with snap rings (57), and the outer tube (41) has an annular groove that matches the two snap rings (57) on the outside. The hydraulic rod (55) is fitted with a bellows (56) on the outside. The two ends of the bellows (56) are fixedly connected to the first ring frame (51) and the second ring frame (53) respectively.

8. A mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (71) has a detachable support seat (72) on its top, and the outer tube (41) passes through the support seat (72) and is rotatably connected to it.

9. A mining apparatus for underground mineral mud mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water outlet of the water tank (2) is connected to the water inlet of the mud pump (3) through a pipe. The water outlet of the mud pump (3) is connected to the water inlet of the drill rod (4) through a pipe. The water inlet of the water tank (2) is connected to the slag outlet of the drill rod (4) through a pipe, forming a mud circulation loop.

10. A mining apparatus for downhole mineral mud mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air tube (58) connected to the airbag (54) is fixedly installed on the second ring frame (53). An air tube (59) connected to the airbag (52) is fixedly installed on the first ring frame (51). The second air tube (59) passes through the second ring frame (53) and is slidably connected to the second ring frame (53).

Images