A natural plant extract self-absorbing plant pesticide and its preparation and use method

Abstract

The application discloses a natural plant-extracted self-suction type plant insecticide and a preparation and use method thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural biotechnology. The insecticide is prepared by step-by-step decocting, filtering, purifying and pasteurizing pinellia ternate, cyperus rotundus, cinnamomum cassia, pyrola calliantha and cypress leaves. The insecticidal active substances of each component selected in the application are mainly small-molecule alkaloids, flavones and aldehyde substances, have strong penetration capacity and are easily absorbed by the digestive tract of pests; the pesticide solution can form a negative pressure in the catheter of the trunk or branch incision wound surface by means of plant transpiration, is self-sucked and transported to branches and leaves along the transpiration flow, belongs to a true green self-suction type insecticide, and when the pesticide is applied, drilling and medicine injection are not needed, external force is not needed to press, a tree bark superficial wound surface pasting method is adopted, the wood layer of the tree is not damaged, and damage to the growth of the tree is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural biotechnology, especially pest and disease control technology, and specifically relates to a self-absorbing biological insecticide extracted from natural plants and its preparation and application methods. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical pesticides have played a vital role in ensuring stable, high-yield, and high-quality production of crops, fruits, vegetables, and other agricultural products globally. However, long-term and excessive reliance on highly toxic and persistent synthetic chemical pesticides has led to global environmental problems. Reducing chemical pesticide use while controlling pests requires vigorous development of biopesticides. Therefore, considering the "3Rs" of chemical pesticides (pesticide resistance, pesticide residues, and pest resurgence), the rapid development of novel pesticides that are environmentally compatible and safe for non-target organisms has become a research hotspot in the global pesticide industry.

[0003] Since plant-derived pesticides are derived from nature, their research and development is receiving increasing attention from pesticide companies. Existing plant-derived pesticide manufacturing technologies have disclosed various schemes for controlling pests using plant extracts. For example, insecticides formulated with active ingredients such as azadirachtin, matrine, and pyrethroids have certain control effects on aphids and cabbage caterpillars. However, existing plant-derived insecticides still have the following inherent flaws and technical defects in actual agricultural applications: (1) Limitations and inefficiencies in application methods: Currently, plant-derived insecticides require large amounts of water dilution and full coverage spraying of the plant canopy when used in practice; this traditional pesticide application method is not only greatly affected by the weather, resulting in a relatively low utilization rate of plant-based agents and often poor control effects; when there are many impurities, the nozzle is easily clogged. (2) The active ingredients of plant-based pesticides are easily photodegraded and have a short duration of action. Many natural plant-derived active ingredients (such as polyenes, azadirachtin, etc.) are sensitive to ultraviolet light and are easily decomposed and ineffective under natural sunlight in the field. (3) Potential risks to applicators: Although plant-derived pesticides are low in toxicity, in traditional upward spraying operations, the drift and descent of pesticide droplets may still irritate the skin or respiratory tract of the applicator. Furthermore, drifting droplets may pollute nearby non-target crops or water bodies, causing environmental pollution or pesticide damage.

[0004] To address the aforementioned contradictions, "self-absorbing" application technologies have emerged both domestically and internationally in recent years. These technologies involve directly introducing pesticides into the plant's interior, where the plant's own transpiration transports the solution to the target areas—branches, leaves, etc. This technology avoids environmental degradation and pesticide drift, significantly improving pesticide utilization. For example, Chinese patent application number 202011312490.0 discloses a plant-derived preparation for trunk-injection systemic control of tree diseases and pests, and its preparation method. However, this technology essentially relies on two types of external forces to drive the pesticide into the tree: first, the pesticide's own gravity and atmospheric pressure difference (requiring a vent at the bottom of the bottle to break the vacuum inside so the pesticide can flow out); second, the need for manual drilling to the deep xylem (pore diameter 5-5.5 cm, depth 6-8 cm). This method is a passive input, not relying on the active absorption of the preparation by the plant's xylem vessels. However, this technology has significant drawbacks: First, controlling the concentration of the pesticide is difficult, and improper concentration can easily cause phytotoxicity or even death in plants. Second, it requires drilling deep into the xylem of the tree trunk, resulting in a large wound area. Third, it uses ethanol extraction and direct compounding, resulting in extracts with many large molecular impurities and high viscosity, which can easily clog the tree's vascular system and damage the transport tissues, making long-term use detrimental to tree health. Fourth, its applicability is limited by tree species and trunk diameter, and it cannot be used on twigs and young trees.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a natural plant-based insecticide that has good environmental compatibility, can adapt to self-priming precision application technology, has low impurities, and high transmission efficiency is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing "self-aspirating" plant-derived insecticides, this invention utilizes the negative pressure generated by plant transpiration and the principle of functional differences between the phloem and xylem (the xylem mainly transports water and pesticide upwards, while the phloem mainly transports plant nutrients; the two tissues have clear division of labor and do not interfere with each other) to provide a self-aspirating plant-derived insecticide extracted from natural plants, along with its preparation and application methods.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A self-aspirating plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants is characterized by being prepared from Pinellia ternata, Cyperus rotundus, Cinnamomum cassia, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and Cypress leaves through a step-by-step process of boiling, filtering, purifying, and pasteurizing.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the weight parts, the proportions of the above components are as follows: Pinellia ternata 19-21 parts, Cyperus rotundus 18-22 parts, Cinnamomum cassia 14-16 parts, Gynostemma pentaphyllum 4-6 parts, and Cypress leaves 19-21 parts. All components are calculated as dried products.

[0009] Furthermore, add 20 parts of Pinellia ternata, 20 parts of Cyperus rotundus, 15 parts of Cinnamomum cassia, 5 parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and 20 parts of Cypress leaves.

[0010] To enable the insecticide to be actively absorbed by plants, this invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned self-absorbing plant insecticide extracted from natural plants, specifically including the following steps: S1: Boil cinnamon in water, cool to room temperature, and then filter to obtain cinnamon decoction; S2: Add Pinellia ternata and Cyperus rotundus to the cinnamon decoction, continue to boil, cool to room temperature and filter to obtain a mixed decoction; S3: Add toad grass and cypress leaves to the mixed medicinal solution obtained in S2, continue to boil, cool to room temperature and filter to obtain crude extract; S4: Purify the crude extract obtained in S3 by constant temperature water bath. Under the premise of ensuring that the active volatile components are not lost too much, remove the excess water and small molecule impurities volatilized during the purification process in a timely manner. S5: Pasteurize the purified liquid to obtain a self-priming plant insecticide.

[0011] Furthermore, the cooking temperature in steps S1 and S2 is 100℃ and the holding time is 4 hours; the cooking temperature in step S3 is 100℃ and the holding time is 2 hours; the constant temperature water bath purification temperature in step S4 is 80-95℃ and the purification time is 3-4 hours; the pasteurization temperature in step S5 is 85-97℃ and the time is 20-30 minutes.

[0012] The method of using this self-priming plant-based insecticide is as follows: apply the pesticide by means of a superficial dressing on the bark wound. The specific operation process is as follows: (1) Make a local wound along the wood grain on the trunk or branch of the tree, peel off the bark to expose the surface of the wood, and disinfect the wound. (2) After diluting the self-absorbing plant insecticide, it is adsorbed onto the carrier and applied to the wound; (3) The wound is sealed with sealing material. The pesticide solution enters the tree through the plant’s active self-absorption and is conducted to the whole plant to kill insects. The sealing function is to keep the moisture moist and prevent the pesticide solution from evaporating and contaminating.

[0013] Furthermore, the carrier is a flexible paper or fibrous material with good water absorption and adsorption properties, such as any one of toilet paper, sterile gauze, degreased cotton, and non-woven fabric.

[0014] Furthermore, the procedure is as follows: Make a cut about 11 cm long and 2.5 cm wide on the trunk or branch of the tree (the cut on the trunk should be slightly larger than the cut on the branch), exposing the xylem. First, disinfect with lime water. Then, fold toilet paper into 3-4 layers, soak it in a 1:70 to 1:100 solution of the medicine, apply it to the surface of the xylem of the wound, and then seal it with tape.

[0015] It should be noted that, according to weather changes and insect infestation development, this invention can use a syringe to draw a certain concentration of natural plant insecticide and inject it into the carrier on the wound for continued self-absorption. This method should be avoided as much as possible 15 days before the flowering period of fruit trees to avoid accidentally harming natural enemies of pests such as bees and ladybugs.

[0016] The advantages of this invention are explained below in conjunction with the characteristics of the medicinal material components, the features of the preparation process, and the insecticidal mechanism: 1. The *Pinellia ternata* used in this invention is the dried tuber of a plant belonging to the Araceae family and the *Pinellia* genus. It is rich in alkaloids, calcium oxalate needle crystals, and a small amount of volatile oil (containing citral), possessing both strong contact and stomach poison activity. The rhizome of *Cyperus rotundus* is rich in alkaloid active ingredients, possessing insecticidal and insecticidal effects. The cinnamon used is derived from the dried bark of *Cinnamomum cassia*, a plant belonging to the Lauraceae family and the *Cinnamomum* genus. Its main active substance is volatile oil, with cinnamaldehyde as the main component. Cinnamaldehyde has excellent contact, fumigation, and stomach poison effects and is the key active substance for cinnamon to exert its insecticidal efficacy. The *Hypericum perforatum* used has both insecticidal and antibacterial activities, providing the formula with the function of treating both diseases and pests. The leaves of *Cypress arborvitae* used are rich in alkaloid components, exhibiting significant toxic and inhibitory effects on agricultural and forestry pests. All five components are natural insecticidal medicinal materials, working synergistically to achieve broad-spectrum and highly effective insecticidal effects.

[0017] 2. The insecticidal active substances selected in this invention are mostly small molecule alkaloids, flavonoids, and aldehydes, which have strong penetrating ability and are easily absorbed by the digestive tract of pests. The pesticide solution can form a negative pressure in the vascular bundles of the trunk or branch cut wound by means of plant transpiration, and be autonomously absorbed and transported upward to the branches and leaves with the transpiration flow. It is a truly green self-absorbing insecticide, which does not require drilling for injection or external pressure and will not cause damage to trees.

[0018] 3. This invention is based on the differences in the ease with which the effective components of each medicinal material can be extracted, and the decoction is carried out in steps and grades. After each step of decoction, the mixture is cooled to room temperature before the dregs are filtered. This ensures that the active ingredients that are difficult to extract are fully dissolved, avoids the dregs from being co-decocted for a long time and adsorbing the already extracted medicinal effects, and prevents different components from antagonizing each other and canceling out the medicinal effects.

[0019] 4. In this invention, each step of the boiling process involves cooling and filtration. Cooling and filtration can effectively trap impurities such as macromolecular colloids and coarse fibers. Then, water bath purification and pasteurization are performed to avoid interference from ineffective macromolecular substances, reduce the overall insecticidal activity of the liquid, ensure the stability of the liquid, and enable it to be actively absorbed and transported by the tree.

[0020] 5. Because plant leaves and the surface of pests are covered with a waxy hydrophobic layer, conventional aqueous pesticide solutions are repelled by this layer, easily forming beads and rolling off, failing to retain effectively. The components selected in this invention contain natural fat-soluble volatile oils and aldehyde active ingredients. These components effectively reduce the surface tension of the pesticide solution, achieving affinity and wetting with the waxy hydrophobic layer through the "like dissolves like" effect, thereby promoting smooth spreading and wetting of the pesticide solution on the plant leaf surface and forming a stable adhesion layer. Simultaneously, the pesticide solution prepared by this invention has excellent permeability, achieving both leaf surface adhesion and penetration into the plant tissue, fundamentally overcoming the technical defects of conventional pesticide solutions that are prone to rolling off, have poor adhesion, and are difficult to retain and take effect.

[0021] 6. Based on the anatomical structure of the plant stem and the conduction characteristics of the tree: (1) Power source: The water evaporation of the plant leaves forms a pressure difference. The vascular bundles inside the plant stem transport the water and nutrients absorbed by the tree roots to the upper part of the tree through the xylem vascular bundles by relying on this pressure difference, and generate a continuous negative pressure (similar to suction) in the xylem vascular bundles. (2) Entry channel: The cut of the plant stem destroys the epidermis, and the liquid medicine comes into contact with the xylem vascular bundles through the water-absorbing material; due to the negative pressure in the vascular bundles, the liquid medicine is sucked in and transported upward to the branches and leaves with the transpiration flow. (3) Key advantages: This method avoids the waste of foliar spraying and uses the plant's own "water pump" to achieve precise and long-term internal absorption and conduction. During the day, the leaves of peach trees, apricot trees and other trees produce nutrients, which are transported downward to the roots through the phloem sieve tubes; the water and nutrients absorbed by the roots are then transported upward through the vascular tissue to the branches and leaves at the top of the tree. During the day, the transpiration of water from the leaves generates an upward pull, driving the continuous transport of nutrients from the roots to the upper branches and leaves of the tree. This creates multiple cycles throughout the day, automatically integrating the applied pesticide into the tree's internal nutrient circulation system. This ensures that the branches and leaves are covered with the effective components of the pesticide, thereby killing various pests attached to them. Based on this principle of plant nutrient transport, this invention involves only making a localized incision, exposing the xylem surface without damaging the phloem (cutting the phloem would harm or even kill the tree). The pesticide is then applied directly to the xylem surface. Through the plant's active absorption, the pesticide integrates into the tree's own water and nutrient transport system, and is subsequently transported long distances via the vascular bundles to the upper branches, forks, and leaves, effectively delivering the pesticide to these areas and efficiently killing pests throughout the tree. Furthermore, the incision made in this invention exposes the xylem surface by peeling away the bark, without cutting, drilling, or deeply damaging the xylem. After application, the xylem surface can be gradually covered by newly formed callus tissue, and the tree can heal itself with minimal impact on normal tree growth. Moreover, the entire application process does not require drilling or external pressure, making the operation simple and significantly saving labor costs and time.

[0022] In summary, the present invention, through the combination of component selection and specific preparation process, produces a pesticide solution with excellent permeability. When combined with the application method of applying the pesticide to the shallow wound of the bark, the pesticide solution can penetrate into the interior of the trunk tissue on its own without drilling or external pressure. It can be absorbed by pests by adsorption and conduction of the pesticide solution itself. It belongs to the category of tree self-absorption and conduction insecticide, which does not harm the tree, is easy to operate, and has a longer-lasting insecticidal effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of pesticide to the trunk of a peach tree as shown in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of applying pesticide to the branches of an apricot tree as shown in Application Example 2; image b is a magnified view of a portion of image a, and the red line in image b points to the dead scale insects (the insects are dead, leaving only the waxy outer shell).

[0025] Figure 3 A diagram illustrating the incision made in the trunk of a peach tree. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The preparation and usage methods of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments, and application examples, so that those skilled in the art can clearly understand the technical concept of the present invention. Example 1: Preparation method of the drug solution of the present invention

[0027] Step 1: Weigh out 20 parts of Pinellia ternata, 20 parts of Cyperus rotundus, 15 parts of Cinnamomum cassia, 5 parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and 20 parts of Platycladus orientalis leaves. All five ingredients are dried products with a moisture content of 12-17%. Remove any impurities and store each ingredient separately according to the above weight ratio for later use. Step 2: Add an appropriate amount of water to the cinnamon and boil it in a stainless steel pot. Slowly raise the temperature to 100℃ and maintain it for 4 hours. Cool the liquid to room temperature of 25-30℃, pour out the liquid, filter the liquid with a cloth bag, and set the cinnamon liquid aside. Step 3: Pour the cinnamon decoction obtained in Step 2 back into the stainless steel pot, then add Pinellia ternata and Cyperus rotundus. Depending on the situation, the decoction should cover Pinellia ternata and Cyperus rotundus. If it is not enough, add an appropriate amount of water. Then slowly heat and raise the temperature to 100℃ and maintain it for 4 hours. Then cool it to room temperature of 25-30℃, pour out the decoction, and filter the decoction with a cloth bag. The resulting decoction of cinnamon, Pinellia ternata, and Cyperus rotundus is ready for use. Step 4: Pour the decoction of cinnamon, pinellia, and cyperus obtained in step 3 into a stainless steel pot. Add toad grass and cypress leaves, ensuring the decoction covers the toad grass and cypress leaves. If insufficient, add an appropriate amount of water. Slowly heat the decoction to 100°C and maintain the temperature for 2 hours. Then cool it to room temperature of 25-30°C. Pour out the decoction and filter it through a cloth bag. The resulting decoction of cinnamon, pinellia, cyperus, toad grass, and cypress leaves is ready for use. Step 5: Purification of the liquid: Use a constant temperature water bath to purify for 3-4 hours at 80-95℃, normal pressure, and in the dark. It is preferable to leave the container open during the purification process to allow excess water and small molecule impurities to evaporate, thus obtaining a self-aspirating natural plant insecticide concentrate. Step 6: Pasteurization. Pasteurize the self-priming natural plant insecticide concentrate at 85-97℃ for 20-30 minutes to obtain the finished self-priming natural plant insecticide concentrate. Store at room temperature. The efficacy period of this invention is 2 years.

[0028] The cypress leaves in the components of this invention refer to the dried branches and leaves of plants in the Cupressaceae family, including the leaves of Platycladus orientalis, Juniperus chinensis, Juniperus chinensis var. chinensis, and Platycladus orientalis, but are not limited to the single variety of Platycladus orientalis. Example 2: Application Method

[0029] When applying the pesticide, first make a cut on the trunk or branch of the tree, peel off the bark to expose the xylem. Before applying the pesticide, disinfect with lime water. Then, fold 3-4 layers of absorbent sheet material, soak it in a 1:70 to 1:100 solution of the pesticide, apply it to the surface of the xylem after peeling off the bark, and then secure it with tape. Utilizing transpiration, the pesticide solution rises with the vascular bundles and enters the branches, branches, and leaves of the upper part of the tree, killing the pests on the branches, branches, and leaves. The specific operation method is as follows: (1) Northern fruit trees such as peach, apricot, pear, cherry, apple, hawthorn, toon, and pepper trees, after the beginning of spring, when the temperature rises and pests begin to be active, the period from Rain Water to Awakening of Insects is the best time to apply the medicine according to this invention. The target pests are 8 kinds: aphids, spider mites, scale insects, leaf rollers, peach borers, diamondback moths, caterpillars, and inchworms. (2) On the main trunk or branches of the fruit tree, make a 10-12cm long and 2-3cm wide wound along the trunk, peel off the bark, and spray and disinfect the wound with quicklime water to prevent infection of the trunk wound. (3) Roll the toilet paper into a strip of 3-4 layers that is similar in size to the wound. The dilution ratio of the natural plant insecticide is determined according to the type and number of pests on the tree. Dip the rolled toilet paper in the diluted natural plant insecticide and put it into the wound. (4) Cover the wound with tape. When wrapping the tape, the width of the wrapping should be half of the width of the previous wrapping to ensure that the wrapping is tight and to prevent rainwater from entering or the wind from drying it out; complete the self-absorbing medication operation.

[0030] (5) Depending on the weather changes and the development of insect infestation, a certain concentration of natural plant insecticide can be drawn with a syringe and injected into the tissue paper on the wound for continued self-absorption. Try not to use this method 15 days before the flowering period of fruit trees to avoid accidentally harming natural enemies of pests such as bees and ladybugs. (6) Self-aspirating natural plant insecticide only needs to be applied once a year, and can be replenished at any time as needed.

[0031] The following explanation, using the pharmaceutical solution prepared in Example 1 combined with field application data, illustrates the effectiveness of the present invention. Application Example 1:

[0032] Application scenario: Peach trees of the variety "June White" in Yuxi Village, Daolang Town, Daiyue District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 11 years old.

[0033] Test period: mid-to-late April 2025 and mid-to-late April 2026, with the average results from the two consecutive years.

[0034] To explore the insecticidal effect and self-absorption advantage of the insecticide of the present invention, two comparative experiments were conducted. Both experiments were carried out by foliar spraying and were conducted in the same plot of land. The comparative group 1 (CK1) was treated with the chemical pesticide imidacloprid, and the comparative group 2 (CK2) was also treated with the plant insecticide of the present invention. The dilution concentration of the pesticide in the comparative group was the same as that in the experimental group.

[0035] See Figure 1 During the procedure, make a 12cm long and 3cm wide incision along the trunk of the peach tree, 60cm above the ground, and peel off the bark to expose the surface of the xylem (see...). Figure 3Spray and disinfect the wound with lime water to prevent infection; roll toilet paper into small strips of 3-4 layers, similar in size to the wound; based on the abundance, types, and numbers of peach aphids on the tree, determine the dilution ratio of the pesticide to 1:100; soak the rolled toilet paper in the diluted natural plant insecticide and place it into the wound; cover the wound with tape, making each wrap half the width of the previous wrap to ensure a secure wrap and prevent rainwater from entering or wind from drying it out; complete the self-absorbing pesticide application. The natural plant-based insecticide in the tissue paper at the wound site is transported laterally through the thin-walled cells of the peach tree's bark, carrying water and nutrients, while simultaneously transporting the plant-based insecticide of this invention. The tightly packed cells of the endodermis help the plant-based insecticide enter the vascular bundles and be transported long distances within the peach tree. In this way, the plant-based insecticide is transported to the distant branches and leaves of the peach tree through self-absorption. When pests attach to the branches and leaves of the peach tree and suck nutrients from the tree, they also ingest the plant-based insecticide, causing the death of a large number of peach aphids.

[0036] The control group was treated with pesticides using conventional foliar spraying methods.

[0037] Ten days after application, the peach trees treated using the method of this invention showed a large number of insects on their leaves, but no peach aphids were observed; the aphid density on the leaves was 0 per leaf. In contrast, the peach trees in control group 1 had leaves covered with peach aphids, with a density of 12-16 aphids per leaf, and 18-23 aphids per leaf on the top leaves. The experimental results are summarized in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1 shows the comparison of the aphid-killing effects of different application methods and different pesticide solutions on peach aphids. Among the three application methods, the self-priming application of the formulation of this invention has the best aphid-killing effect. From the first to the tenth day of application, the number of peach aphids killed per leaf increased from 20 to 23, and remained stable from the seventh to the tenth day. Imidacloprid had the worst insecticidal effect, killing only 11 aphids per leaf after 10 days. The effect of the plant insecticide spray control group of this invention was moderate.

[0039] Comparing the experimental data of the two application methods of this invention, it can be seen that even when both use the pesticide solution of this invention, the experimental effects differ depending on the application method. The effect of self-priming application is significantly better than that of conventional foliar spraying (CK2), demonstrating the advantages of self-priming application in terms of conduction and efficacy. This also highlights the importance of strictly following the application method of this invention. Comparing the experimental data of this invention's experimental group and CK1, it can be seen that the self-priming effect of this invention's formulation is better and more stable than that of the traditional chemical pesticide imidacloprid in controlling aphids.

[0040] Comparing the experimental data of the self-priming group and the CK1 and CK2 groups, it can be seen that the aphid control effect of the self-priming application method of the present invention is 109.1% higher than that of CK1 and 15% higher than that of CK2. Furthermore, the optimal effect is reached on days 5-7 of application and continues until day 10 without significant decline, while the CK1 and CK2 groups are still slowly improving, indicating that the formulation of the present invention has better sustained efficacy and can maintain aphid control effect for a longer period. In addition, CK2 and CK1 are labor-intensive and time-consuming, and cannot be applied in windy or rainy weather. CK1, in particular, not only has poor insecticidal effect, but its efficacy is also reduced in windy and rainy weather, and its main drawback is pesticide residue. Application Example 2:

[0041] Application scenario: Yuxi Village, Daolang Town, Daiyue District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, apricot tree, variety Hongyu apricot, 12 years old.

[0042] Test period: mid-to-late April 2025 and mid-to-late April 2026, with the average results from the two consecutive years.

[0043] Similar to the application examples, two sets of comparative experiments were conducted, both using foliar spraying. The control group 1 (CK1) was treated with the chemical pesticide cypermethrin, while the control group 2 (CK2) was treated with the plant insecticide of this invention. The concentration of the pesticide solution in the control group was the same as that in the experimental group.

[0044] See Figure 2 During the procedure, on an apricot tree branch 260cm above the ground, make a 10cm long and 2cm wide incision along one of the branches in a Y-shape (see...). Figure 2 (See image a). The bark was peeled off, and the wound was sprayed with lime water for disinfection to prevent infection. Toilet paper was rolled into strips of 3-4 layers, similar in size to the wound. Based on the prevalence and variety of scale insects on apricot trees, the pesticide dilution ratio was determined to be 1:70. The application method was the same as in Example 1. The control group was treated with conventional foliar spraying.

[0045] Ten days after treatment, observation showed that many scale insects had died and remained attached to the branches of the apricot tree (see...). Figure 2 (As indicated by the red line in image b), some dead scale insects fell off, and the surviving scale insect density on the apricot tree branches was 0 per leaf. In the control group CK1, another branch of the Y-shaped apricot tree was covered with scale insects, with a density of 6-8 per branch, and reaching 8-10 per branch in severely infested areas. The experimental results are summarized in Table 2.

[0046] The experimental results in Table 2 show a trend consistent with those in Table 1. The insecticide of this invention applied via self-priming is more effective than that applied via spraying. Even within the spraying method, the insecticide of this invention is significantly more effective than the chemical pesticide cypermethrin. Comparing the experimental data in Tables 1 and 2 reveals differences in effectiveness depending on the target pest. For example, Table 1 shows 23 peach aphids killed by self-priming application, while Table 2 shows 10 scale insects killed. The improvement rates also differ: Table 1 shows a 109.1% improvement over CK1 and a 15% improvement over CK2; Table 2 shows a 42.86% improvement over CK1 and an 11.11% improvement over CK2. This is likely because peach aphids lack a waxy protective layer, allowing for easy pesticide penetration, while scale insects have a thick waxy layer, making pesticide penetration difficult and thus more challenging to kill. Therefore, the effectiveness of the experimental group in Table 1 compared to CK1 is better than that of the experimental group in Table 2 compared to CK1. On the other hand, the density of pest control is also related. Peach aphids reproduce quickly but mainly congregate on leaves, while scale insects damage a wider range of areas, including branches, buds, and even the bark, often clustering at the base of branches and in bud axils, with a more dispersed distribution. It should be noted that the insecticidal effects of chemical pesticides in Tables 1 and 2 appear poor, not because the pesticides themselves are ineffective, but mainly because during the testing period, chemical pesticides were affected by the environment, resulting in significant volatilization. Furthermore, some peach aphids and scale insects had developed resistance to chemical pesticides, leading to unstable insecticidal effects. In contrast, the plant-based pesticide of this invention, combined with a self-priming application method, has better penetration and can directly reach the areas where pests congregate through tree transport, less affected by environmental factors, thus exhibiting better killing effects. This is one of the advantages of plant-based insecticides.

[0047] To investigate the degree to which the self-priming application method of this invention hinders or interferes with the overall water transport of plants, the water potential of peach trees in Example 1 and apricot trees in Example 2 were measured. The instrument used was a water potential meter from the State Key Laboratory of Shandong Agricultural University, coupled with compressed nitrogen. The model was a ModeL1000 water potential meter manufactured by PMS Corporation, USA.

[0048] Application Example 1 Test Method: On April 30, 2026, at 9:00 AM, the water potential of an 11-year-old peach tree was measured at 80cm above the ground under natural conditions, and at the same time, the water potential of the peach tree trunk at 80cm above the ground after applying the self-priming pesticide according to this invention was measured. The test results were -0.86 MPa and -0.85 MPa, respectively. This demonstrates that the present invention has minimal impact on the water potential of the peach tree trunk.

[0049] Application Example 2 Test Method: On April 30th at 9:30 AM, the water potential of a 12-year-old apricot tree was measured at the following locations: 80cm above the ground under natural conditions, 260cm above the ground under natural conditions, and 260cm above the ground on the branches of the apricot tree treated with the self-aspirating pesticide of this invention. The test results were -1.55 MPa, -0.56 MPa, and -0.56 MPa, respectively. It can be seen that, at the same height above the ground, the water potential of the branches and trunks with and without pesticide application is basically the same.

[0050] Outdoor test results show that the self-priming application method of this invention has very little obstruction or interference with the overall water transport of plants. The experimental conclusions are as follows: the stem opening of this method does not damage the plant's water transport structure; the plant-based insecticide only kills pests without harming the plant or causing severe physiological reactions. If the insecticide were toxic, the water potential at the opening would decrease, the fluid flow would be obstructed, and the upper part would experience greater water shortage; the cut wound has healed or been adapted to; from the perspective of plant water physiology, the method of this invention is safe and feasible.

[0051] The following examples, exemplified by Application Example 1 and Application Example 2, illustrate the process by which the pesticide solution of this invention kills insects through the tree's self-absorption mechanism: During the day, peach and apricot trees produce nutrients from their leaves, which are transported downwards to the roots via the phloem sieve tubes. Water and nutrients absorbed from the roots are transported upwards through the xylem vessels and phloem sieve tubes, reaching the branches and leaves at the top of the tree. During the day, the evaporation of water from the leaves generates transpiration, continuously transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the upper branches and leaves. This creates multiple cycles of water and nutrients throughout the day, allowing the applied pesticide solution to automatically enter the tree's internal nutrient circulation system. This enriches the branches and leaves with the effective components of the pesticide solution, effectively killing various pests attached to the branches and leaves.

[0052] The above are merely specific examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Any modifications and refinements made to the technical solutions of the present invention without creative effort shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention, and the specific details shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants, characterized in that, It is prepared by step-by-step boiling, filtering, purification and pasteurization of Pinellia ternata, Cyperus rotundus, cinnamon, toad grass and cypress leaves.

2. The self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the weight parts, the proportions of the above components are as follows: Pinellia ternata 19-21 parts, Cyperus rotundus 18-22 parts, Cinnamomum cassia 14-16 parts, Gynostemma pentaphyllum 4-6 parts, and Cypress leaves 19-21 parts.

3. The self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The proportions of each component, calculated by weight, are as follows: 20 parts Pinellia ternata, 20 parts Cyperus rotundus, 15 parts Cinnamomum cassia, 5 parts Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and 20 parts Cypress leaves.

4. A method for preparing a self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Boil cinnamon in water, cool to room temperature, and then filter to obtain cinnamon decoction; S2: Add Pinellia ternata and Cyperus rotundus to the cinnamon decoction, continue to boil, cool to room temperature and filter to obtain a mixed decoction; S3: Add toad grass and cypress leaves to the mixed medicinal solution obtained in S2, continue to boil, cool to room temperature and filter to obtain crude extract; S4: Purify the crude extract obtained in S3 by constant temperature water bath. Under the premise of ensuring that the active volatile components are not lost too much, remove the excess water and small molecule impurities volatilized during the purification process in a timely manner. S5: Pasteurize the purified liquid to obtain a self-priming plant insecticide.

5. The method for preparing the self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cooking temperature in steps S1 and S2 is 100℃ and the cooking time is 4 hours; the cooking temperature in step S3 is 100℃ and the cooking time is 2 hours; the constant temperature water bath purification temperature in step S4 is 80-95℃ and the purification time is 3-4 hours; the pasteurization temperature in step S5 is 85-97℃ and the time is 20-30 minutes.

6. A method of using a self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The medication was applied by applying it to the superficial wounds on the bark.

7. A method of using a self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The specific operation process is as follows: (1) Make a local wound along the wood grain on the trunk or branch of the tree, peel off the bark to expose the surface of the wood, and disinfect the wound. (2) After diluting the self-absorbing plant insecticide, it is adsorbed onto the carrier and applied to the wound; (3) The wound is sealed with sealing material. The pesticide solution enters the tree through the plant’s active self-absorption and is conducted to the whole plant to kill insects. The sealing function is to keep the moisture moist and prevent the pesticide solution from evaporating and contaminating.

8. The method of using the self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The wound is 10-12 cm long and 2-3 cm wide.

9. The method of using the self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The dilution ratio is 1:70-1:

100.

10. The method of using the self-absorbing plant-based insecticide extracted from natural plants as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The carrier is a flexible paper or fibrous material with water absorption and adsorption properties, including but not limited to toilet paper, sterile gauze, degreased cotton, and non-woven fabric.

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