An aircraft emergency power gas generation system and method based on water augmentation technology

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of aviation second power system, and discloses an airplane emergency power gas generating system and method based on water enhancement technology, wherein the system adopts fuel oil and high-pressure gas cylinder gas supply to combust in a gas generator, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated as the emergency power of the airplane; when the fuel oil and air are mixed and combusted in the gas generator, water is sprayed in the gas generator, water is used as the combustion coolant, and the compressed air amount used by the gas generator after combustion to generate unit gas is reduced. The aviation kerosene and high-pressure air are used as the fuel and oxidant, the fuel system has the advantage of good compatibility with the airplane, the compressed air amount used by the gas generator to generate unit gas is greatly reduced, the working time of the gas generator system is prolonged, the expensive catalyst is not used, and the problems of short service life of the gas generator system and high price of the catalyst of the traditional emergency power system are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft secondary power systems, and relates to an aircraft air-kerosene emergency power system based on water enhancement technology, specifically to an aircraft emergency power gas generation system and method based on water enhancement technology. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the key systems of the aircraft's secondary power system, the aircraft emergency power system has the function of providing emergency energy to the aircraft in the event of hydraulic failure or loss of power.

[0003] Traditional emergency power systems use hydrazine-70 catalytic decomposition to generate high-temperature fuel gas. Hydrazine-70 is a highly toxic substance, requiring special maintenance and protection during use and upkeep, which causes inconvenience to aircraft operation. Therefore, the non-toxic nature of aircraft emergency power systems is an urgent need. The currently developed non-toxic emergency power system uses AND-based fuel for catalytic decomposition. The resulting high-temperature, high-pressure fuel gas drives a turbine power unit to generate emergency hydraulic and electrical energy.

[0004] However, AND-based fuels require a completely new fuel preparation line. The fuel in the aircraft fuel tank needs to be kept at a constant temperature and refilled and released after experiencing low temperatures to maintain its activity. Furthermore, AND-based non-toxic emergency power systems present challenges such as the need to heat and maintain the decomposition chamber during flight, and the high cost of newly developed catalysts. Using aviation kerosene as an emergency energy source is clean, but aviation kerosene requires a large amount of high-pressure air during combustion, making it difficult to design for aircraft. Additionally, its emergency power supply time is very short, failing to meet the needs of existing aircraft. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes an aircraft emergency power gas generation system and method based on water enhancement technology. This system features non-toxicity, long operating time, compatibility with aircraft fuel systems, no need for expensive catalysts, and convenient maintenance. This invention provides gas generator technology for aircraft emergency power systems and has significant practical value.

[0006] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] An aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology uses fuel and high-pressure gas cylinders to burn in a gas generator to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas as emergency power for the aircraft. When fuel and air are mixed and burned in the gas generator, water is sprayed into the gas generator to use water as a combustion coolant, thereby reducing the amount of compressed air required to produce a unit of gas after combustion.

[0008] Furthermore, the high-pressure gas cylinder provides pressure to the fuel, water, and high-pressure air to the gas generator via an air combination valve.

[0009] Furthermore, fuel is stored in fuel tanks, water is stored in water tanks, and high-pressure gas cylinders are connected to the fuel tanks and water tanks via air combination valves.

[0010] Furthermore, the other end of the oil storage bottle is connected to a gas generator, and a refueling pipeline is provided on the pipeline between the oil storage bottle and the gas generator.

[0011] Furthermore, the other end of the water tank is connected to a water atomizing nozzle via a control valve, and the water atomizing nozzle is aimed at the gas generator.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas generator has two inlets: one inlet is equipped with a main fuel control valve, and the other inlet is equipped with a secondary fuel control valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the aircraft fuel system is connected to the refueling line between the fuel tank and the gas generator via a fuel filling valve.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a system controller, which connects to and controls the combined air valve, air control valve, fuel filling valve, main fuel control valve, auxiliary fuel control valve, control valve, and ignition device of the gas generator; the system controller collects temperature and pressure signals from the combined control valve, pressure signals from the air control valve, fuel level signals from the fuel reservoir, temperature and pressure signals from the downstream end, and liquid level signals from the water tank.

[0015] An operational method for an aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology is disclosed. When the aircraft requires emergency power energy, a combined air valve connects a fuel tank, a water tank, and an air control valve. The air control valve connects to the gas generator. The main fuel control valve opens, and fuel and air are mixed in the gas generator and ignited. Then, the control valve opens to cool the gas in the gas generator, generating a large amount of high-temperature gas rich in water vapor, thus generating emergency power energy for the aircraft.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention provides an aircraft air-kerosene emergency power gas generator system based on water enhancement technology, which uses aviation kerosene and high-pressure air as fuel and oxidant. The fuel system has the advantage of good compatibility with aircraft.

[0018] 2. This invention uses water as a refrigerant, which greatly reduces the amount of compressed air required for the gas generator to produce a unit of gas, and extends the working time of the gas generator system. With the same air storage tank, the working time can be extended by about 1.75 times.

[0019] 3. This invention does not use expensive catalysts, thus avoiding the problems of short lifespan of gas generator systems and high cost of catalysts in traditional emergency power systems.

[0020] 4. The combustion chamber of the gas generator of this invention adopts water spray combustion technology, which can effectively control the highest combustion temperature in the burner, avoid the generation of carbon particles and pollutants, and has the advantage of less carbon buildup.

[0021] 5. The gas generator of this invention does not require the use of hydrazine-70 or AND-based fuels, is non-toxic, does not require special gas masks during maintenance, and does not require an additional fuel supply system, thus offering the advantage of simple maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aircraft air-kerosene emergency power gas generator system based on water enhancement technology according to the present invention;

[0024] Among them, 1-Combined air valve, 2-Fuel level signal, 3-Fuel reservoir, 4-Fuel filling valve, 5-Fuel drain valve, 6-System controller, 7-Temperature and pressure sensor, 8-Main fuel control valve, 9-Gas generator unit, 10-Ignition device, 11-Secondary fuel control valve, 12-Ignition nozzle, 13-Gas generator, 14-Water atomizing nozzle, 15-Flow valve, 16-Water tank, 17-Fuel level signal, 18-Control valve, 19-Water enhancement unit, 20-Air control valve, 21-Pressure sensor, 22-Fuel and gas supply unit, 23-High-pressure air cylinder, 24-Temperature and pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This section describes embodiments of the present invention, used to explain and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or case referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include more than one of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integrated connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or point connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] An aircraft air-kerosene emergency power gas generator system based on water enhancement technology uses fuel and high-pressure gas cylinder 23 to supply gas for combustion in gas generator 13, generating high-temperature and high-pressure gas as emergency power for the aircraft; wherein, when fuel and air are mixed and burned in gas generator 13, water is sprayed into gas generator 13, and water is used as a combustion coolant to reduce the amount of compressed air required to produce a unit of gas after combustion in gas generator 13.

[0030] The high-pressure gas cylinder 23 provides pressure to the fuel, water, and high-pressure air to the gas generator 13 through the air combination valve 1.

[0031] Fuel is stored in fuel tank 3, water is stored in water tank 16, and high-pressure gas cylinder 23 is connected to fuel tank 3 and water tank 16 through air combination valve 1.

[0032] The other end of the oil storage bottle 3 is connected to the gas generator 13, and a refueling pipeline is provided on the pipeline between the oil storage bottle 3 and the gas generator 13.

[0033] The other end of the water storage tank 16 is connected to the water atomizing nozzle 14 via the control valve 18, and the water atomizing nozzle 14 is aligned with the gas generator 13.

[0034] The gas generator 13 has two inlets: one inlet is equipped with the main fuel control valve 8, and the other inlet is equipped with the auxiliary fuel control valve 11.

[0035] The aircraft fuel system is connected to the refueling line between the fuel tank 3 and the gas generator 13 via the fuel filling valve 4.

[0036] It also includes a system controller 6, which connects to and controls the combined air valve 1, air control valve 20, fuel filling valve 4, main fuel control valve 8, auxiliary fuel control valve 11, control valve 27, and ignition device 10 of gas generator 13; the system controller 6 collects the temperature and pressure signals of combined control valve 1, the pressure signal of air control valve 20, the oil level signal of oil reservoir 3 and the temperature and pressure signals of the rear end, and the liquid level signal of water tank 16.

[0037] Example 2:

[0038] An operational method for an aircraft air-kerosene emergency power system based on water enhancement technology: When the aircraft requires emergency power, the combined air valve 1 connects to the fuel tank 3, the water tank 16, and the air control valve 20. The air control valve 20 connects to the gas generator 13. The main fuel control valve 8 is opened, and the fuel and air in the gas generator 13 are mixed and ignited. Then, the control valve 18 is opened to cool the gas in the gas generator 13, generating a large amount of high-temperature gas rich in water vapor, thus generating emergency power for the aircraft.

[0039] The fuel in the fuel tanks comes from the aircraft's fuel system. The system controller controls the filling of the fuel tanks by opening and closing the fuel filling valve. The filling process is as follows: the system controller closes the main fuel control valve and the auxiliary fuel control valve, opens the fuel filling valve, sends a fuel filling request command to the aircraft, and simultaneously monitors the fuel level sensor signal in the fuel tanks. Once the fuel tanks are full, the system controller sends a stop filling signal to the aircraft's fuel system and closes the fuel filling valve.

[0040] The operation of the water-enhanced aircraft air-kerosene emergency power system is as follows: After receiving the emergency power start command, the system controller opens the combined air valve and controls the opening of the combined air valve's solenoid valve based on the signal data from the temperature and pressure sensor 34. At this time, the high-pressure air from the high-pressure cylinder is reduced to approximately 3 MPa after passing through the combined air valve and is divided into two paths. One path flows to the fuel reservoir as fuel supply power, pushing fuel towards the main fuel control valve and the auxiliary fuel control valve. Under the control of the system controller, the main fuel control valve and the auxiliary fuel control valve atomize the fuel and inject it into the gas generator. The system controller calculates the flow rate injected into the gas generator based on the temperature and pressure sensor 7 and sends a signal to adjust the main and auxiliary fuel control valves. The other path supplies high-pressure air to the gas generator through the pressure sensor 31 and the air control valve. At this time, the high-pressure air pressure is approximately 2 MPa, and the system controller controls the air control valve to regulate the supply of high-pressure air.

[0041] The system controller controls the water pump 28 to operate while opening the combined air valve. The water pump pressurizes the atmospheric pressure pure water in the water storage tank and measures and controls it through the control valve and flow meter. The pressurized pure water is atomized through the nozzle and sprayed into a specific position of the gas generator to cool and mix the burner.

[0042] The system controller uses speed signals from the main speed sensor and auxiliary speed sensor to control the fuel supply to the main fuel control valve and the fuel-rich control valve. Simultaneously, the system controller also regulates the air control valve to control the airflow into the gas generator. In parallel, the system controller receives temperature signals from the temperature sensor 23 and dynamically controls the water pump 28 based on these signals.

[0043] This invention provides an aircraft air-kerosene emergency power system and its operation method based on water-enhanced technology. It utilizes aircraft kerosene and stored high-pressure air as fuel and oxidizer respectively in a combustion reaction to provide emergency electrical and hydraulic power to the aircraft. A water-injection burner is introduced, using water as a coolant, thereby significantly reducing air consumption and extending the operating time of the emergency power system. This invention can provide aircraft with non-toxic emergency electrical and hydraulic power, and has significant application value.

[0044] The combustion of aviation kerosene and air in a stoichiometric ratio results in a high combustion temperature, theoretically exceeding 2000K. This excessively high temperature is unbearable for emergency power systems; therefore, an excess of air is typically added to cool the gas generator. At an exhaust temperature of 850℃, the air-to-fuel ratio is usually in the range of 45-50, resulting in significant air consumption during combustion. Air storage is difficult, typically requiring high-pressure compressed air cylinders. These cylinders cannot be made very large, limiting the operating time of air-kerosene emergency power systems. Therefore, during the combustion of air and aviation kerosene in the gas generator, a small portion of the air participates in combustion as an oxidizer (generally about 2%), while the majority (generally about 98%) is used for cooling. This invention patent proposes a water-enhanced emergency power system that replaces the air used for cooling with water, thereby reducing air consumption and increasing system operating time. Water is generally liquid at room temperature and pressure, making its storage conditions far superior to those of compressed air. Furthermore, the impact of the working fluid on the power output during the operation of a ramjet turbine is significant, with steam turbines having a higher power output than air turbines. Water-enhanced gas generators have a higher proportion of water vapor in their gas output, resulting in greater turbine output power.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water-enhanced technology, characterized in that, Fuel and high-pressure gas cylinder (23) are supplied to the gas generator (13) for combustion, producing high-temperature and high-pressure gas as emergency power for the aircraft; when fuel and air are mixed and burned in the gas generator (13), water is sprayed into the gas generator (13) as a combustion coolant to reduce the amount of compressed air required to produce a unit of gas after combustion in the gas generator (13).

2. The aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure gas cylinder (23) provides pressure to the fuel, water and high-pressure air to the gas generator (13) through the air combination valve (1).

3. The aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, Fuel is stored in fuel tank (3), water is stored in water tank (16), and high-pressure gas cylinder (23) is connected to fuel tank (3) and water tank (16) through air combination valve (1).

4. The aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The other end of the oil storage bottle (3) is connected to the gas generator (13), and a refueling pipeline is provided on the pipeline between the oil storage bottle (3) and the gas generator (13).

5. The aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The other end of the water tank (16) is connected to the water atomizing nozzle (14) via the control valve (18), and the water atomizing nozzle (14) is aligned with the gas generator (13).

6. The aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas generator (13) has two inlets: one inlet is equipped with a main fuel control valve (8), and the other inlet is equipped with a secondary fuel control valve (11).

7. The aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The aircraft fuel system is connected to the refueling line between the fuel tank (3) and the gas generator (13) via the fuel filling valve (4).

8. The aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a system controller (6), which connects to and controls the combined air valve (1), air control valve (20), fuel filling valve (4), main fuel control valve (8), auxiliary fuel control valve (11), control valve (27), and ignition device (10) of gas generator (13); the system controller (6) collects the temperature and pressure signals of combined control valve (1), pressure signals of air control valve (20), oil level signals of oil reservoir (3) and temperature and pressure signals of the rear end, and liquid level signals of water tank (16).

9. A method for operating an aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology, using an aircraft emergency power gas generation system based on water enhancement technology as described in any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, When the aircraft needs emergency power, the combined air valve (1) connects the fuel tank (3), the water tank (16) and the air control valve (20). The air control valve (20) connects to the gas generator (13). The main fuel control valve (8) is opened. The fuel and air in the gas generator (13) are mixed and ignited. Then the control valve (18) is opened to cool the gas in the gas generator (13) and generate a large amount of high-temperature gas rich in water vapor, which generates emergency power for the aircraft.

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