Orthodontic and orthognathic head model demonstration teaching aid with adjustment function

Abstract

The application discloses a model demonstration teaching aid with an adjusting function for orthodontic and orthognathic head bones, which comprises a skull, the front surface of the skull is hingedly connected with a maxilla, the top end of the maxilla is abutted with a first demonstration mechanism, the bottom end of the maxilla is slidably connected with an upper dental alveolar bone, the inside of the skull is fixedly installed with a connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism comprises two left and right symmetrical mandibular branches. The demonstration teaching aid can dynamically demonstrate the process of orthodontic and orthognathic treatment, intuitively present the three-dimensional space changes of the jaw bones and the dentition, help students establish a three-dimensional anatomical cognition, deepen the understanding of the treatment mechanism, support flexible combination of different deformity states through modular design, adapt to various clinical case teaching needs, meanwhile, the demonstration teaching aid can customize the treatment scheme according to the individual conditions of patients, convert the abstract operation process into a concrete dynamic display, significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of the doctor-patient communication, reduce the understanding deviation of the patients, and enhance the treatment compliance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oral medicine technology, specifically to an adjustable model demonstration teaching aid for orthodontic orthognathic skull. Background Technology

[0002] Orthodontic treatment is a core technology in the field of oral medicine for solving dentofacial deformities, reconstructing occlusal function and facial aesthetics. Its teaching system construction and clinical doctor-patient communication rely heavily on intuitive model teaching aids. However, existing orthodontic skull model teaching aids have significant functional limitations and are clearly out of touch with the needs of modern oral medicine education and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

[0003] Existing models generally employ a fixed, one-piece casting structure, capable of only presenting a single normal jawbone morphology or a pre-set specific malocclusion state. They cannot dynamically recreate the pathological characteristics of different malocclusions or the progressive changes in orthodontic treatment. This static display mode makes it difficult for students to develop a precise three-dimensional anatomical spatial concept, and to intuitively understand the interaction between the maxilla, mandible, dentition, and surrounding soft tissues. Students lack a concrete understanding of the anatomical basis and biomechanical mechanisms of orthodontic treatment, severely limiting the depth and effectiveness of teaching. Furthermore, patients, as non-professionals, find it even more difficult to understand the complex surgical procedures such as jawbone osteotomy, movement, and fixation through static models, making it difficult to accurately grasp treatment expectations. In clinical doctor-patient communication scenarios, existing models lack targeted demonstration vehicles, and doctors only... While existing treatment plans can be explained using two-dimensional imaging data, hand-drawn diagrams, or general models, the abstract nature of information transmission makes it easy for patients to misunderstand, significantly reducing communication efficiency and accuracy. This can also lead to doctor-patient conflicts due to insufficient understanding of the treatment process. In terms of teaching applications, the limited functionality of existing models results in low utilization. One model typically corresponds to only one case type, requiring teachers to have multiple independent models when teaching different categories of malocclusion. This increases teaching costs and restricts the flexibility of switching teaching content. Furthermore, most existing models are non-removable, closed structures, preventing students from participating in demonstrations through hands-on manipulation. This passive learning experience makes it difficult to form deep knowledge retention and achieve the goals of immersive and interactive teaching. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable model demonstration teaching aid for orthodontic orthognathic skull surgery, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adjustable model demonstration teaching aid for orthodontic orthognathic skull, comprising a skull, with a maxilla hinged to the front of the skull, a first demonstration mechanism abutting the top of the maxilla, and a maxillary alveolar bone slidably connected to the bottom of the maxilla. A connecting mechanism is fixedly installed inside the skull, the connecting mechanism comprising two mandibular ramusees symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides, each mandibular ramusee having a groove and a long groove on its adjacent side, a second demonstration mechanism slidably connected inside the groove, the second demonstration mechanism comprising a mandible, the mandible… The left and right sides of the mandible are slidably connected to the surfaces of the two mandibular ramuses, respectively. Slider blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the mandible, and the two sliders are slidably connected to the interior of two long slots. Guide blocks are fixedly installed on the surface of the mandible, and a third demonstration mechanism is slidably connected to the surface of the guide blocks. The top of the mandible is slidably connected to the lower jawbone, which is located below the upper jawbone. Periodontal ligaments are fixedly installed on the sides of the upper and lower jawbones that are close to each other. Insertion holes are opened on the sides of the two periodontal ligaments that are close to each other, and a fourth demonstration mechanism is inserted into the insertion holes.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first demonstration mechanism includes a pad, the bottom end of which abuts against the top of the maxilla, the top end of which abuts against the surface of the skull, and iron plates embedded in the interior of both the upper and lower ends of the pad. A first magnet corresponding to the iron plate is embedded in the contact surface between the skull and the pad, and the first magnet is detachably adsorbed onto the top end of the iron plate. A second magnet corresponding to the iron plate is embedded in the contact surface between the maxilla and the pad, and the second magnet is detachably adsorbed onto the bottom end of the iron plate.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the connecting mechanism further includes a slide block, which is fixedly installed inside the skull. Two paddles are slidably connected inside the slide block. The two paddles are symmetrically distributed inside the slide block, and the bottom ends of the two paddles extend to the outside of the slide block. A first spring is fixedly installed on the side of the two paddles that are close to each other. The end of the first spring away from the paddle is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide block. A rod is fixedly installed on the side of the two paddles that are far from each other. The ends of the two rods that are far from each other penetrate the inner wall of the slide block and extend to the outside of the slide block. The rods are slidably connected to the slide block. Sleeves are inserted into the outer surfaces of the two rods. The two sleeves are respectively fixedly fitted inside the upper ends of the two mandibular ramusea.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the second demonstration mechanism further includes two fixing blocks, both of which are fixedly fitted inside the mandible and are symmetrically distributed from left to right. Each of the two fixing blocks has a square cavity inside. A bidirectional screw is rotatably connected between the two fixing blocks. The two ends of the bidirectional screw extend into the square cavities of the two fixing blocks respectively. The surfaces of the bidirectional screw located inside the square cavities of the two fixing blocks are threaded with square rods. The two square rods are slidably connected inside the square cavities of the two fixing blocks respectively. The ends of the two square rods that are far apart from each other penetrate the inner wall of the fixing block and abut against the inside of the long groove.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the third demonstration mechanism includes a circular block, which is fixedly fitted inside the mandible. A sliding cavity is formed inside the circular block, and a lead screw is threaded inside the circular block. One end of the lead screw extends into the sliding cavity of the circular block, and a low connector is movably fitted at the end of the lead screw located in the sliding cavity of the circular block. The low connector is slidably connected to the sliding cavity of the circular block, and the side of the low connector away from the lead screw abuts against the mental protuberance. The mental protuberance is slidably connected to the surface of the mandible, and the mental protuberance is slidably connected to a guide block.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the fourth demonstration mechanism includes two sets of inserts, which are respectively inserted into two sets of sockets. Teeth are fixedly installed at the ends of the two sets of inserts that are close to each other. A fifth magnet is fixedly installed inside the end of the insert away from the teeth. A sixth magnet is fixedly installed inside the sockets of both sets. The sixth magnet and the corresponding fifth magnet are arranged opposite to each other and attract each other.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, limiting blocks are fixedly installed on the sides of the maxilla and mandible that are close to each other, and sliding tracks are provided on the sides of the upper and lower alveoli that are far from each other. The two sets of limiting blocks are slidably connected in the sliding tracks of the upper and lower alveoli, respectively. A fourth magnet is also embedded on the side of the upper and lower alveoli that is far from each other. A third magnet is detachably connected to the two fourth magnets on the sides that are far from each other by magnetic attraction. The two third magnets are respectively embedded on the sides of the maxilla and mandible that are close to each other.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a first crown gear is fixedly installed at both ends of the slide block, and a second crown gear is meshed with the two first crown gears on the sides away from each other. The two second crown gears are axially slidably connected to the surfaces of the two sleeves respectively. A fixing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the two second crown gears. A limit rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the two sleeves. The ends of the two sets of limit rods that are close to each other pass through the inner walls of the two fixing rings and are slidably connected to the interior of the two fixing rings. A second spring is fixedly installed on the sides of the two second crown gears that are away from each other, and the end of the second spring that is away from the second crown gear is fixedly installed on the surface of the sleeve.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. The demonstration teaching aid of this invention can dynamically demonstrate the process of orthodontic and orthognathic treatment, intuitively present the three-dimensional spatial changes of the jawbone and dentition, help students establish three-dimensional anatomical cognition, deepen their understanding of the treatment mechanism, and the modular design supports flexible combination of different malocclusion states to adapt to the teaching needs of various clinical cases. At the same time, it can customize the demonstration treatment plan according to the individual patient's situation, transforming the abstract surgical process into a concrete dynamic display, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of doctor-patient communication, reducing patient misunderstanding bias, and enhancing treatment compliance.

[0015] 2. The demonstration teaching aid of the present invention can achieve multi-dimensional precise adjustment and can independently simulate a variety of single and complex deformities such as maxillary protrusion, mandibular retrusion, and chin developmental abnormalities. It can demonstrate the changes in jawbone position at each stage of treatment step by step. Equipped with a stable locking mechanism, it can accurately maintain the demonstration state after adjustment, avoid displacement deviation, ensure the rigor of teaching and communication, and meet the needs of refined demonstration of deformities of different degrees.

[0016] 3. The demonstration teaching aid of the present invention adopts a quick-assembly structure that combines magnetic attraction and plug-in connection. The components are easy to disassemble and assemble, making them convenient to carry, maintain and replace. It accurately simulates key anatomical structures such as the periodontal ligament. Individual teeth can be independently rotated and disassembled for replacement, intuitively restoring the biological basis of tooth movement. The overall operation is simple and easy to learn, and even non-professionals can quickly master the usage method, greatly expanding the applicable scenarios and user groups of the teaching aid. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mandibular protrusion state according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mandibular retraction state of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in its normal state; Figure 5This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting block of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional screw of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the localized explosion structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the slide block of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the localized explosion structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the localized explosion structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the periodontal ligament structure of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the localized explosion structure of the present invention. Figure 4 ; Figure 14 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Skull; 2. Maxilla; 3. Upper jawbone; 4. Mandibular ramus; 5. Slide; 6. Mandible; 7. Pad; 8. Iron plate; 9. First magnet; 10. Second magnet; 11. Slide; 12. Paddle; 13. First spring; 14. Insert rod; 15. Sleeve; 16. Lower jawbone; 17. First crown gear; 18. Second crown gear; 19. Fixing ring; 20. Limiting rod; 21. Circular plate; 22. Second spring; 23. Long slot; 24. Slider; 25. Fixed block; 26. Square rod; 27. Double-acting screw; 28. Tightening block; 29. ​​Rubber pad; 30. Round block; 31. Lead screw; 32. Screw head; 33. Low connector; 34. Mental protuberance; 35. Guide block; 36. Limiting block; 37. Third magnet; 38. Fourth magnet; 39. Periodontal ligament; 40. Insertion hole; 41. Insertion block; 42. Tooth; 43. Fifth magnet; 44. Sixth magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-8 , Figure 11 , Figure 14 As shown, an orthodontic skull model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function includes a skull 1, a maxilla 2 hinged to the front of the skull 1, a first demonstration mechanism abutting the top of the maxilla 2, and an upper jawbone 3 slidably connected to the bottom of the maxilla 2. A connecting mechanism is fixedly installed inside the skull 1, the connecting mechanism including two mandibular ramus 4 symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides, each of the two mandibular ramus 4 having a sliding groove 5 and a long groove 23 on the side closest to each other, a second demonstration mechanism slidably connected inside the sliding groove 5, the second demonstration mechanism including a mandible 6, the left and right sides of the mandible 6 being slidably connected to the surfaces of the two mandibular ramus 4 respectively. Slider 24 is fixedly installed on both sides of the mandible 6. The two sliders 24 are slidably connected to the inside of the two long slots 23 respectively. A guide block 35 is fixedly installed on the surface of the mandible 6. A third demonstration mechanism is slidably connected to the surface of the guide block 35. The top of the mandible 6 is slidably connected to the lower jawbone 16. The lower jawbone 16 is located below the upper jawbone 3. Periodontal membranes 39 are fixedly installed on the side of the upper jawbone 3 and the lower jawbone 16 that are close to each other. An insertion hole 40 is opened on the side of the two periodontal membranes 39 that are close to each other. A fourth demonstration mechanism is inserted into the insertion hole 40. Specifically, the periodontal membranes 39 are made of medical silicone.

[0021] More specifically, the skull 1 serves as the main supporting foundation for the entire teaching aid. The maxilla 2, which is hinged, enables the demonstration of angle adjustment of the maxillary region. The upper alveolar bone 3 and the lower alveolar bone 16, which are slidably connected, form an independently detachable dental arch support platform. The symmetrically arranged mandibular ramus 4 provides bilateral support and motion guidance for the mandibular bone 6. The mandibular bone 6 can be moved forward and backward using the cooperation of the slide 5 and the slider 24. The guide block 35 provides precise sliding guidance for the chin adjustment structure. The periodontal membrane 39, made of medical silicone, replicates the elasticity of the periodontal soft tissue in the real oral cavity. The insertion hole 40 on it provides a standardized installation interface for other components. The whole is divided into the first to fourth demonstration mechanisms, modularly integrating the four core orthodontic and orthognathic demonstration functions of maxillary protrusion, mandibular displacement, chin shaping, and dental malformation to form a complete multi-dimensional demonstration framework.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 11As shown, the first demonstration mechanism includes a pad 7. The bottom end of the pad 7 abuts against the top end of the maxilla 2, and the top end of the pad 7 abuts against the surface of the skull 1. Iron plates 8 are embedded in the interior of both the upper and lower ends of the pad 7. A first magnet 9 corresponding to the iron plate 8 is embedded in the contact surface between the skull 1 and the pad 7. The first magnet 9 is detachably attached to the top end of the iron plate 8. A second magnet 10 corresponding to the iron plate 8 is embedded in the contact surface between the maxilla 2 and the pad 7. The second magnet 10 is detachably attached to the bottom end of the iron plate 8. Specifically, the pad 7 is located between the skull 1 and the maxilla 2, simulating the bony gap state of the maxilla 2 protruding forward. By using the iron plate 8 embedded in the pad 7 to attract the first magnet 9 on the skull 1 and the second magnet 10 on the maxilla 2 respectively, the pad 7 can be quickly disassembled and fixed without tools. This allows the operator to quickly switch between the two states of maxilla 2 protrusion and correction completion, and to intuitively demonstrate the treatment process of maxilla 2 osteotomy and retraction.

[0023] like Figure 5 , Figures 7-10 As shown, the connecting mechanism also includes a slide 11, which is fixedly installed inside the skull 1. Two paddles 12 are slidably connected inside the slide 11, symmetrically distributed left and right inside the slide 11. The bottom ends of both paddles 12 extend to the outside of the slide 11. A first spring 13 is fixedly installed on the side of the two paddles 12 closest to each other. The end of the first spring 13 away from the paddle 12 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide 11. Insert rods 14 are fixedly installed on the side of the two paddles 12 furthest from each other. The furthest ends of the two insert rods 14 penetrate the inner wall of the slide 11 and extend to the outside of the slide 11. The insert rods 14 are slidably connected to the slide 11. Both insert rods 14 have sleeves 15 inserted into their outer surfaces. The two sleeves 15 are fixedly fitted inside the upper ends of the two mandibular ramus 4. Specifically, the slide 11 fixed on the skull 1 provides installation and sliding space for the connecting components. The symmetrically arranged paddles 12 serve as manual operating components, allowing the operator to control the extension and retraction of the insert rods 14 with one hand. The elastic force of the first spring 13 drives the insert rods 14 to automatically reset and pop out for locking. By using the insertion of the insert rods 14 and the sleeves 15 fixed on the upper ends of the mandibular ramus 4, the mandibular ramus 4 and the skull 1 can be quickly and detachably connected. At the same time, the insert rods 14 serve as the axis of rotation of the mandibular ramus 6 as a whole, simulating the rotation function of the temporomandibular joint.

[0024] like Figures 5-8As shown, the second demonstration mechanism also includes two fixing blocks 25, both of which are fixedly fitted inside the mandible 6, and the two fixing blocks 25 are symmetrically distributed from left to right. Each fixing block 25 has a square cavity inside. A bidirectional screw 27 is rotatably connected between the two fixing blocks 25, with both ends of the bidirectional screw 27 extending into the square cavities of the two fixing blocks 25 respectively. Square rods 26 are threaded onto the surfaces of the bidirectional screw 27 located inside the square cavities of the two fixing blocks 25. Each square rod 26 is slidably connected to the inside of the square cavity of the two fixed blocks 25. The ends of the two square rods 26 that are far apart from each other penetrate the inner wall of the fixed block 25 and abut against the inside of the long groove 23. Specifically, a rotating block 28 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the two fixed blocks 25 on the outside of the two bidirectional screws 27. The rotating block 28 is made of rubber, and several anti-slip textures are evenly distributed along its circumference on the surface of the rotating block 28. Rubber pads 29 are fixedly installed inside the two long grooves 23, and the ends of the two square rods 26 that are far apart from each other abut against the surfaces of the two rubber pads 29 respectively.

[0025] More specifically, the two fixing blocks 25 fixed inside the mandible 6 provide the mounting base for the adjustment component. The positive and negative thread structure of the bidirectional screw 27 drives the two square rods 26 to move synchronously in opposite directions. The square rods 26 abut against the rubber pads 29 in the long groove 23 to generate static friction, thereby completing the arbitrary locking of the mandible 6's front and rear translation position. The rubber turning block 28 with anti-slip texture on the surface allows the operator to easily rotate the bidirectional screw 27 for adjustment. The rubber pads 29 also increase the friction and prevent metal-to-metal contact from damaging the structure.

[0026] like Figures 1-6 , Figure 8 , Figure 14 As shown, the third demonstration mechanism includes a circular block 30, which is fixedly fitted inside the mandible 6. A sliding cavity is provided inside the circular block 30, and a lead screw 31 is threaded inside the circular block 30. One end of the lead screw 31 extends into the sliding cavity of the circular block 30. A low connector 33 is movably fitted at the end of the lead screw 31 located in the sliding cavity of the circular block 30. The low connector 33 is slidably connected in the sliding cavity of the circular block 30. The side of the low connector 33 away from the lead screw 31 abuts against the mental protuberance 34. The mental protuberance 34 is slidably connected to the surface of the mandible 6. The mental protuberance 34 is slidably connected to the guide block 35. Specifically, a screw head 32 is fixedly installed at the end of the lead screw 31 located outside the circular block 30. The low connector 33 is made of rubber. A short groove adapted to the guide block 35 is provided on the side of the mental protuberance 34 that fits against the mandible 6. The guide block 35 is slidably connected inside the short groove.

[0027] More specifically, the circular block 30 fixed inside the mandible 6 provides installation and sliding space for the chin adjustment component. The threaded drive of the lead screw 31 drives the low joint 33 to move precisely back and forth. The rubber low joint 33 abuts against the surface of the chin protuberance 34 to achieve stable locking of the position of the chin protuberance 34. By utilizing the sliding cooperation between the chin protuberance 34 and the guide block 35, the independent back and forth adjustment of the chin is completed, simulating the effect of chin plastic surgery. The screw head 32 allows the operator to rotate the lead screw 31 for fine adjustment.

[0028] like Figures 1-5 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the fourth demonstration mechanism includes two sets of inserts 41, which are respectively inserted into two sets of sockets 40. Teeth 42 are fixedly installed at the ends of the two sets of inserts 41 that are close to each other. A fifth magnet 43 is fixedly installed inside the end of the insert 41 that is away from the teeth 42. A sixth magnet 44 is fixedly installed inside the two sets of sockets 40. The sixth magnet 44 and the corresponding fifth magnet 43 are arranged opposite to each other and attract each other. Specifically, the insert 41 is inserted into the socket 40 on the periodontal membrane 39 to complete the installation of the teeth 42. Utilizing the structural characteristics of the cylindrical insert 41, the teeth 42 can rotate within the socket 40 to simulate the state of twisted and tilted deformed teeth 42. The fifth magnet 43 inside the insert 41 and the sixth magnet 44 inside the socket 40 attract each other, completing the quick tool-free disassembly and assembly and stable fixation of the teeth 42. This allows operators to change the shape of the teeth 42 or adjust the angle of the teeth 42 according to teaching needs.

[0029] like Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 11 , Figure 14 As shown, limiting blocks 36 are fixedly installed on the sides of the maxilla 2 and mandible 6 that are close to each other. Slides are provided on the sides of the maxilla 3 and mandible 16 that are far from each other. Two sets of limiting blocks 36 are slidably connected to the slides of the maxilla 3 and mandible 16 respectively. A fourth magnet 38 is also embedded on the side of the maxilla 3 and mandible 16 that is far from each other. A third magnet 37 is detachably connected to the two fourth magnets 38 on the side that is far from each other by magnetic attraction. The two third magnets 37 are respectively embedded in the sides of the maxilla 2 and mandible 6. On the side that is close to each other, specifically, the limiting block 36 fixed on the maxilla 2 and mandible 6 cooperates with the slide on the upper jawbone 3 and lower jawbone 16 to provide precise guidance and anterior and posterior limiting for the installation of the upper jawbone 3 and lower jawbone 16. The fourth magnet 38 on the upper jawbone 3 and lower jawbone 16 attracts each other with the third magnet 37 on the maxilla 2 and mandible 6 respectively, so as to complete the quick and detachable connection and stable fixation of the upper jawbone 3 and lower jawbone 16 with the corresponding jawbone, which facilitates the disassembly, replacement and cleaning of the jawbone.

[0030] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, both ends of the slide block 11 are fixedly mounted with first crown gears 17. The two first crown gears 17 are meshed with second crown gears 18 on the sides away from each other. The two second crown gears 18 are axially slidably connected to the surfaces of the two sleeves 15 respectively. The outer circumferential surfaces of the two second crown gears 18 are fixedly sleeved with fixing rings 19. The surfaces of the two sleeves 15 are fixedly mounted with limit rods 20. The ends of the two sets of limit rods 20 that are close to each other pass through the inner walls of the two fixing rings 19 and are slidably connected to the interior of the two fixing rings 19. The sides of the two second crown gears 18 that are away from each other are fixedly mounted with second springs 22. The ends of the second springs 22 that are away from the second crown gears 18 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the sleeves 15. Specifically, the outer circumferential surfaces of the two sleeves 15 are fixedly mounted with circular plates 21. The ends of the limit rods 20 that are away from the fixing rings 19 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the circular plates 21. The ends of the second springs 22 that are away from the second crown gears 18 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the circular plates 21.

[0031] More specifically, the first crown gear 17, fixed at both ends of the slide block 11, serves as a fixed meshing component. It meshes with the second crown gear 18, which is axially slidably connected to the sleeve 15, to lock the rotation angle of the mandible 6. The fixing ring 19, fixed to the outer periphery of the second crown gear 18, cooperates with the limiting rod 20, which is fixed on the circular plate 21, to complete the circumferential limiting and axial sliding guidance of the second crown gear 18, preventing the second crown gear 18 from rotating circumferentially. The elastic force of the second spring 22 keeps the second crown gear 18 in a tight meshing state with the first crown gear 17.

[0032] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, the operator pinches the two paddles 12 with one hand, causing the two paddles 12 to move towards each other along the inside of the slide block 11. At this time, the two first springs 13 will be compressed, and at the same time, the two insert rods 14 will retract into the inside of the slide block 11 under the action of the paddles 12. Then, the operator holds the entire mandibular bone 6 with the other hand and moves it, thereby causing the two mandibular branches 4 fixedly connected to the mandibular bone 6 to move the two sleeves 15, thereby aligning the two sleeves 15 with the two ends of the slide block 11. Then, the operator releases the two paddles 12. Due to the elastic force of the first springs 13, the two paddles 12 will respectively drive the two insert rods 14 to move in opposite directions to reset. Then, the two insert rods 14 will be inserted into the inside of the two sleeves 15 during the movement, thereby completing the assembly of the entire skull 1 and the entire mandibular bone 6. When the two sleeves 15 are aligned with the two ends of the slide block 11, the second crown gears 18 on the two sleeves 15 will mesh with the two first crown gears 17 respectively. When the operator needs to manipulate the mandible 6 as a whole to simulate joint movement, the operator will manipulate the mandible 6. At this time, the mandible 6 will drive the two sleeves 15 to rotate around the two insert rods 14 through the two mandibular ramus 4. When the sleeves 15 rotate, they will drive the second crown gears 18 to rotate synchronously through the circular plate 21, the limiting rod 20 and the fixing ring 19. Since the second crown gears 18 mesh with the first crown gears 17, when the second crown gears 18 rotate, they will be subjected to the axial force of the first crown gears 17. When compressed, the limiting rod 20 circumferentially limits the second crown gear 18 through the fixing ring 19. At this time, the second crown gear 18 will move axially along the surface of the sleeve 15. At this time, the second spring 22 will be compressed. After the mandible 6 is adjusted to a suitable angle, the operator stops moving the mandible 6. At this time, the second crown gear 18 will reset under the elastic force of the second spring 22, so that the second crown gear 18 re-engages tightly with the first crown gear 17. At this time, the first crown gear 17 and the second crown gear 18 will have a good locking effect on the rotation of the mandible 6 relative to the skull 1, so that the mandible 6 remains relatively stationary with the skull 1 without external force. The operator then assembles the upper alveolar bone 3 and the maxilla 2, and the lower alveolar bone 16 and the mandible 6 as a whole. First, the operator aligns the top of the upper alveolar bone 3 with the bottom of the maxilla 2, and aligns the slide on the upper alveolar bone 3 with the limiting block 36 on the maxilla 2. After alignment, the operator pushes the upper alveolar bone 3 backward as a whole, causing it to move backward under the guidance of the limiting block 36 and the slide. When the limiting block 36 abuts against the deepest part of the slide on the upper alveolar bone 3... At this time, the fourth magnet 38 on the upper jawbone 3 will fit with the third magnet 37 on the maxilla 2. The third magnet 37 and the fourth magnet 38 will attract each other, thereby fixing the connection between the maxilla 2 and the upper jawbone 3. Then, the operator will fit the bottom of the lower jawbone 16 with the surface of the mandible 6 and align the slide on the lower jawbone 16 with the limiting block 36 on the mandible 6. Repeat the above operation to complete the assembly between the lower jawbone 16 and the mandible 6. After the upper jawbone 3 and lower jawbone 16 are assembled, the operator inserts the tooth 42 into the insertion hole 40 on the periodontal membrane 39 through the insertion block 41. At this time, the fifth magnet 43 inside the insertion block 41 will attract each other with the sixth magnet 44 inside the insertion hole 40, thus completing the rapid installation of the tooth 42. After the device is fully assembled, the operator can conduct a teaching demonstration. At the beginning of the demonstration, the pad 7 is located between the maxilla 2 and the skull 1, and the slider 24 is at the maximum forward movement stroke of the long groove 23. At this time, the demonstration is a buck tooth state with maxillary protrusion combined with mandibular protrusion. Then, the operator bends the maxilla 2 as a whole, so that the maxilla 2 rotates around the hinge point with the skull 1 as the axis, thereby exposing the pad 7 to the operator's field of vision. Then, the operator can remove the pad 7, and then the operator bends the maxilla 2 in the opposite direction, so that the maxilla 2 rotates back to its original position. When the maxilla 2 is back to its original position, the top of the maxilla 2 will fit against the surface of the skull 1. At this time, the second magnet 10 on the maxilla 2 will attract each other to the first magnet 9 on the skull 1, thereby making the maxilla 2 and the skull 1 stably connected, and also making it easier for the operator to reassemble the pad 7 later. At this time, the maxilla 2 and the skull 1 of the teaching aid become the completed state of maxillary orthodontic orthognathic surgery. The operator then rotates the rotating block 28. This rotates the bidirectional screw 27 within the two fixed blocks 25. Since the two ends of the bidirectional screw 27 are threadedly connected to the two square rods 26, their rotation causes the two square rods 26 to move towards each other along the square cavities of the two fixed blocks 25. Subsequently, the two square rods 26 release their contact with the two rubber pads 29, thereby releasing the lock on the overall anterior-posterior movement of the mandible 6, allowing the operator to... The operator can push the mandible 6 as a whole, so that the mandible 6 retracts along the groove 5. When the mandible 6 moves the two sliders 24 to the middle of the long groove 23, the mandible 6 is in the normal position, thus visually demonstrating the orthodontic process of the mandible 6. After the mandible 6 has moved, the operator can twist the twisting block 28 in the opposite direction, so that the two square rods 26 move in opposite directions and fit tightly against the two rubber pads 29, thus stabilizing and locking the anterior and posterior position of the mandible 6 as a whole. In addition, the operator can continue to move the mandible 6 backward to simulate the state of mandible 6 retrusion, i.e. underdevelopment, or remove only the pad 7 without moving the mandible 6 backward to simulate the state of simple mandibular protrusion, or not remove the pad 7 and only move the mandible 6 backward to a normal state to simulate the state of simple maxillary protrusion. The operator can then turn the screw head 32. At this time, the screw head 32 will drive the lead screw 31 to rotate inside the round block 30. Since the lead screw 31 and the round block 30 are threaded together, when the lead screw 31 rotates, it will drive the low connector 33 to move along the sliding cavity inside the round block 30, thereby releasing the contact with the chin protuberance 34. At this time, the low connector 33 will release the locking of the chin protuberance 34, allowing the chin protuberance 34 to move back and forth under the guidance of the guide block 35, thus demonstrating the orthodontic orthognathic operation process of chin shaping. After the chin protuberance 34 moves to the appropriate position, the operator turns the screw head 32 in the opposite direction, so that the low connector 33 is pressed against the back of the chin protuberance 34 again, thereby stabilizing and locking the position of the chin protuberance 34. Finally, the operator can twist the tooth 42 according to the teaching needs. Since the insert 41 adopts a cylindrical design, it can rotate inside the insertion hole 40, thus satisfying the simulation of various twisted and tilted malocclusions of the tooth 42. Due to the magnetic attraction design of the fifth magnet 43 and the sixth magnet 44, the tooth 42 can be easily disassembled and replaced, satisfying the combination demonstration needs of various malocclusions of the tooth 42.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable model demonstration teaching aid for orthodontic orthognathic skull, comprising a skull (1), characterized in that: The skull (1) is hinged to the maxilla (2) on its front side. The top of the maxilla (2) abuts against a first demonstration mechanism. The bottom of the maxilla (2) is slidably connected to the upper jawbone (3). A connecting mechanism is fixedly installed inside the skull (1). The connecting mechanism includes two mandibular ramus (4) that are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides. Each of the two mandibular ramus (4) has a groove (5) and a long groove (23) on the side that is close to each other. A second demonstration mechanism is slidably connected inside the groove (5). The second demonstration mechanism includes a mandible (6). The left and right sides of the mandible (6) are slidably connected to the surfaces of the two mandibular ramus (4) respectively. The left and right sides of the mandible (6) are slidably connected to the surfaces of the two mandibular ramus (4) respectively. Slider (24) is fixedly installed on each side. The two sliders (24) are slidably connected to the inside of the two long slots (23). A guide block (35) is fixedly installed on the surface of the mandible (6). A third demonstration mechanism is slidably connected to the surface of the guide block (35). The top of the mandible (6) is slidably connected to the lower jawbone (16). The lower jawbone (16) is located below the upper jawbone (3). Periodontal membranes (39) are fixedly installed on the side of the upper jawbone (3) and the lower jawbone (16) that are close to each other. An insertion hole (40) is opened on the side of the two periodontal membranes (39) that are close to each other. A fourth demonstration mechanism is inserted into the inside of the insertion hole (40).

2. The orthodontic model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function for orthognathic skull as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first demonstration mechanism includes a pad (7), the bottom end of which abuts against the top end of the maxilla (2), the top end of which abuts against the surface of the skull (1), and iron plates (8) are embedded in the interior of both the upper and lower ends of the pad (7). A first magnet (9) corresponding to the iron plate (8) is embedded in the mating surface of the skull (1) and the pad (7). The first magnet (9) is detachably attracted to the top end of the iron plate (8). A second magnet (10) corresponding to the iron plate (8) is embedded in the mating surface of the maxilla (2) and the pad (7). The second magnet (10) is detachably attracted to the bottom end of the iron plate (8).

3. The orthodontic model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function for orthognathic skull as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism also includes a slide (11), which is fixedly installed inside the skull (1). Two paddles (12) are slidably connected inside the slide (11). The two paddles (12) are symmetrically distributed inside the slide (11), and the bottom ends of the two paddles (12) extend to the outside of the slide (11). A first spring (13) is fixedly installed on the side of the two paddles (12) that are close to each other. The first spring (13) is away from the paddles (12). One end of the two levers (12) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide (11). The two levers (12) are fixedly installed with insert rods (14) on the opposite side. The opposite ends of the two insert rods (14) penetrate the inner wall of the slide (11) and extend to the outside of the slide (11). The insert rods (14) are slidably connected to the slide (11). The outer surfaces of the two insert rods (14) are inserted with sleeves (15). The two sleeves (15) are fixedly sleeved inside the upper end of the two mandibular supports (4).

4. The orthodontic model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function for orthognathic skull as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second demonstration mechanism also includes two fixing blocks (25), both of which are fixedly fitted inside the mandible (6) and are symmetrically distributed on the left and right. Both fixing blocks (25) have square cavities inside. The two fixing blocks (25) are rotatably connected together by a bidirectional screw (27). The two ends of the bidirectional screw (27) extend to the square cavities of the two fixing blocks (25) respectively. The two ends of the bidirectional screw (27) located inside the square cavities of the two fixing blocks (25) are threaded with square rods (26). The two square rods (26) are slidably connected inside the square cavities of the two fixing blocks (25). The ends of the two square rods (26) that are far apart from each other penetrate the inner wall of the fixing block (25) and abut against the inside of the long groove (23).

5. The orthodontic model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function for orthognathic skull as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The third demonstration mechanism includes a circular block (30), which is fixedly fitted inside the mandible (6). A sliding cavity is provided inside the circular block (30), and a screw rod (31) is threaded inside the circular block (30). One end of the screw rod (31) extends into the sliding cavity of the circular block (30). A low connector (33) is movably fitted at one end of the screw rod (31) located in the sliding cavity of the circular block (30). The low connector (33) is slidably connected in the sliding cavity of the circular block (30). The side of the low connector (33) away from the screw rod (31) abuts against the mental protuberance (34). The mental protuberance (34) is slidably connected to the surface of the mandible (6). The mental protuberance (34) is slidably connected to the guide block (35).

6. The orthodontic model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function for orthognathic skull as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth demonstration mechanism includes two sets of inserts (41), which are respectively inserted into two sets of sockets (40). Teeth (42) are fixedly installed at the ends of the two sets of inserts (41) that are close to each other. A fifth magnet (43) is fixedly installed inside the end of the insert (41) away from the teeth (42). A sixth magnet (44) is fixedly installed inside the sockets (40). The sixth magnet (44) and the corresponding fifth magnet (43) are arranged opposite to each other and attract each other.

7. The orthodontic model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function for orthognathic skull as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting blocks (36) are fixedly installed on the side of the maxilla (2) and mandible (6) that are close to each other. Slides are provided on the side of the upper jawbone (3) and lower jawbone (16) that are far from each other. The two sets of limiting blocks (36) are slidably connected in the slides of the upper jawbone (3) and lower jawbone (16). A fourth magnet (38) is also embedded on the side of the upper jawbone (3) and lower jawbone (16) that are far from each other. A third magnet (37) is detachably connected on the side of the two fourth magnets (38) that are far from each other by magnetic attraction. The two third magnets (37) are respectively embedded on the side of the maxilla (2) and mandible (6) that are close to each other.

8. The orthodontic model demonstration teaching aid with adjustable function for orthognathic skull as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the slide (11) are fixedly installed with first crown gears (17). The two first crown gears (17) are meshed with second crown gears (18) on the side away from each other. The two second crown gears (18) are axially slidably connected to the surfaces of the two sleeves (15). The outer circumferential surfaces of the two second crown gears (18) are fixedly sleeved with fixing rings (19). The surfaces of the two sleeves (15) are fixedly installed with limit rods (20). The ends of the two sets of limit rods (20) that are close to each other pass through the inner walls of the two fixing rings (19) and are slidably connected to the interior of the two fixing rings (19). The sides of the two second crown gears (18) that are away from each other are fixedly installed with second springs (22). The end of the second spring (22) that is away from the second crown gears (18) is fixedly installed on the surface of the sleeves (15).

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