High-heritage high-health pig whole-course nutrition precise feeding method

Abstract

The application discloses a high-heredity-performance high-health-degree pig whole-process nutrition precise feeding method, and particularly relates to the pig scale breeding technical field, and comprises seven-stage fine feed design from the teaching trough milk powder material to the fattening material, and the whole process adopts the automatic dry and wet trough for feeding from the teaching trough granule material stage, and a three-stage progressive growth constraint relationship is established, and the three are closely related and indispensable; meanwhile, the mixed weight ratio of the feed and water is strictly fixed in the rearing stage, a semi-liquid uniform porridge material is formed, and the water-feed ratio is dynamically controlled in the growth and fattening stage. Through the cooperation of the stage target control and the staged precise liquid feeding, the technical contradiction that the early feeding amount and the dry matter intake amount of the high-heredity-performance pig are difficult to be considered is solved, the growth potential of the pig is fully tapped under the premise of guaranteeing the high health degree, and the application has the significant advantages of low feed-meat ratio, high health degree and good uniformity of the marketable pigs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large-scale pig farming technology, and more specifically, to a method for precise feeding of high-genetic-performance, high-health pigs throughout their entire life cycle. Background Technology

[0002] Highly genetically genetically adapted and healthy commercial pigs possess breed advantages such as rapid growth and high lean meat deposition efficiency. Fully tapping their genetic potential is crucial for achieving early market entry and improving the economic benefits of pig farming. However, releasing this high growth potential depends on the precise matching of nutrient supply with the pigs' digestive physiological development patterns. Especially during the entire feeding process from weaning to market, ensuring sufficient feed intake and healthy intestinal development is a core technical challenge for achieving rapid growth.

[0003] Currently, the existing pig farming industry generally adopts a three-stage feeding model of "creep feed - nursery feed - fattening feed," dividing the entire growth cycle of pigs into three major stages: the creeping period, the nursery period, and the fattening period. Each stage corresponds to a different feed formula, and pigs complete the feed transition sequentially as their weight increases. In the creeping stage, creep feed is usually introduced to piglets around 7 days of age to encourage them to establish feeding behavior as early as possible. After weaning, they enter the nursery stage and are fed nursery feed to support their rapid growth and immune development. Subsequently, they enter the fattening stage and are fed fattening feed until slaughter. In terms of feed form, creep feed is usually powder or pelleted feed, while nursery feed and fattening feed are mostly dry pelleted feed, fed freely with separate waterers.

[0004] However, in practical use, it still has some drawbacks. For example, the segmentation is too broad, with only one feed form set during the creeping stage. After weaning, piglets need to transition directly from liquid breast milk to solid feed, resulting in a drastic change in feed form and nutrient concentration, which can easily induce a chain reaction of "weaning stress - decreased feed intake - diarrhea - stunted growth." Weaning stress leads to a significant decrease in feed intake, atrophy of intestinal villi, and decreased digestive enzyme activity, hindering early intestinal development. Even with compensatory growth later, it is difficult to fully make up for the lost time. Secondly, the nursery and fattening periods are only divided according to broad stages, failing to design a nutrient gradient based on the subtle changes in the pig's digestive physiology, resulting in a long-term mismatch between nutrient supply and the actual needs of the pigs. Furthermore, in existing dry feed feeding or simple wet feed mixing methods, the determination of the water-to-feed ratio is quite arbitrary; when the water-to-feed ratio is too low, the feed palatability is poor and swallowing is difficult; when the water-to-feed ratio is too high, although the pigs ingest a large amount of water, they experience a "false sense of fullness," and the absolute intake of dry matter is insufficient. More importantly, existing technologies lack clear phased growth targets and constraints. Production practices often focus only on final slaughter weight while neglecting the management of key milestones such as short-term weight gain after weaning and final weight gain during the nursery period. Once early weight gain is hindered, even compensatory growth later on cannot make up for lost time, ultimately failing to achieve the goal of rapid slaughter of high genetically superior pigs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for precise feeding of high genetic performance and high health pigs throughout their entire nutritional life, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art through the following solutions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for precise feeding of high genetic performance and high health pigs throughout their entire life cycle, comprising S1: establishing a three-level progressive growth constraint relationship, setting that the average daily weight gain of pigs after weaning must reach a first predetermined level, setting that the weight must reach a second predetermined level at the end of the nursery period, and setting that the weight must reach a third predetermined level at the slaughter age.

[0007] S2: According to the weight gain stages of pigs, seven types of staged feeds are fed in sequence. The seven types of staged feeds are fed in the following order: creep feed, creep pellet feed, early nursery feed, late nursery feed, early growth feed, late growth feed, and fattening feed.

[0008] S3: From the start of feeding creep feed pellets to slaughter, the entire process is fed using an automatic dry and wet feed trough. The automatic dry and wet feed trough has a dry feed discharge channel and a water discharge channel that are independently controlled and are opened synchronously by the pigs' arching. The feed and water are mixed in the feed trough in real time and then fed directly to the pigs.

[0009] S4: During the nursery stage, the water-to-feed ratio of the automatic dry and wet feed trough is set to the first water-to-feed ratio, which is the semi-liquid uniform porridge formed after the feed and water are mixed. During the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio is adjusted to the second water-to-feed ratio range, and when the ambient temperature rises to the predetermined high temperature condition, the water-to-feed ratio is increased to be close to the first water-to-feed ratio.

[0010] Preferably, in the three-level progressive growth constraint relationship, the first predetermined level corresponds to the daily weight gain threshold in the short term after weaning, the second predetermined level corresponds to the weight threshold at the end of the nursery period, and the third predetermined level corresponds to the weight threshold at the slaughter age; wherein achieving the first predetermined level is a necessary condition for achieving the second predetermined level, and achieving the second predetermined level is a necessary condition for achieving the third predetermined level.

[0011] Preferably, the starter feed is a powder, diluted with water to a liquid state during feeding, and has the highest digestible lysine and net energy levels among all stages of feed; the starter pellet feed is made into pellets using a low-temperature pelleting process, and has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the starter feed; the pre-nursery feed has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the starter pellet feed, and its crude protein content is limited to a low level, and it contains dietary fiber, probiotics, and plant essential oils; the post-nursery feed has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the pre-nursery feed, and its fermentable fiber content is higher than that of the pre-nursery feed; the digestible lysine content of the pre-growth feed, post-growth feed, and fattening feed decreases sequentially.

[0012] Preferably, in the low-temperature pelleting process, the pelleting temperature of the starter feed is controlled below the denaturation temperature of the heat-sensitive nutrients and enzymes, and the particle size is set to a size suitable for piglets to consume and to be rapidly and fully hydrated under the first water-to-feed ratio.

[0013] Preferably, the starter feed contains whey powder, whey protein concentrate, whole milk powder, super steamed fish meal, yeast hydrolysate, glutamine, zinc oxide, and medium-chain fatty acids; the starter pellet feed contains puffed corn, rice protein powder, compound enzyme preparation, and acidifier; the pre-nursery feed uses a low-protein, high-amino acid balance technology and is fortified with dietary fiber, probiotics, and plant essential oils; the post-nursery feed has a higher content of fermentable fiber than the pre-nursery feed; the pre-growth feed contains a balanced amount of branched-chain amino acids; the post-growth feed contains enzyme preparation; and the fattening feed contains fortified amounts of vitamin E and selenium.

[0014] Preferably, in the automatic dry and wet material trough, the material feeding channel is equipped with a dry material metering and feeding unit, and the water channel is equipped with a water volume regulating valve. The dry material metering and feeding unit and the water volume regulating valve are linked and controlled by the same triggering mechanism. A weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the material tray to monitor the residual amount of the mixture in the tray in real time. When the weight sensor detects that the residual time of the mixture in the tray exceeds a predetermined threshold, the flushing program is automatically triggered to empty and clean the tray.

[0015] Preferably, the first water-to-feed ratio is a fixed value, within which the feed and water are mixed to form a semi-liquid, uniform porridge, maximizing the pig's daily dry matter intake and single feed intake; the lower limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range is lower than the first water-to-feed ratio, and the upper limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range is close to the first water-to-feed ratio.

[0016] Preferably, during the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio is dynamically controlled based on the temperature and humidity index of the enclosure environment. When the temperature and humidity index is within the comfortable range, the water-to-feed ratio is set to the lower limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range; when the temperature and humidity index rises to a predetermined heat stress threshold, the water-to-feed ratio is increased to the upper limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range.

[0017] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. This invention establishes a three-tiered progressive growth constraint relationship, dividing the entire growth process of pigs into three key nodes with strict causal relationships for the first time, and setting quantitative targets that must be achieved at each node. The constraint relationship clarifies that short-term weight gain after weaning is a necessary prerequisite for the final weight at the end of the nursery period, and the final weight at the end of the nursery period is a necessary prerequisite for the slaughter weight. The three constitute a progressive causal chain, none of which can be omitted. Based on this constraint relationship, in production practice, the achievement status of each key node can be monitored in real time and deviation warnings can be issued. Once a node fails to meet the target, the parameters can be corrected by going back to the previous stage. This avoids the drawbacks of traditional feeding models that only focus on the final slaughter weight and neglect the control of early key nodes, thereby ensuring that the rapid growth potential of high genetic performance pigs is released in an orderly and controllable manner.

[0019] 2. This invention refines the traditional three-stage feeding model into a seven-stage refined nutritional design from creep feed to fattening feed. The creep period is further divided into two sub-stages: milk powder feed and pelleted feed, achieving a "soft landing" transition from liquid breast milk to solid feed. The digestible lysine and net energy levels of the feed in each stage decrease in a gradient with the increase of pig weight. The feed in the early nursery stage adopts a low-protein, high-amino acid balance technology and is combined with dietary fiber, probiotics, and plant essential oils. The feed in the later nursery stage increases the content of fermentable fiber to train gastrointestinal volume. The nutritional level of each stage is precisely matched with the digestive physiological development law of pigs. Based on this, the present invention adopts automatic dry and wet feed troughs for feeding from the starter pellet stage, and fixes the water-to-feed ratio to a high water-to-feed ratio that can form a semi-liquid, uniform porridge during the nursery stage, so that the feed is fully hydrated and the palatability is optimal. This ensures that piglets can maximize their dry matter intake and feed intake simultaneously within the limited stomach volume, fundamentally solving the technical contradiction of "inability to balance feed intake and dry matter intake" caused by the delayed development of the feeding center in high genetically superior pigs.

[0020] 3. This invention dynamically adjusts the water-to-feed ratio based on environmental temperature and humidity during the growth and fattening stages. When the ambient temperature rises to a predetermined heat stress threshold, the water-to-feed ratio is automatically increased to compensate for decreased feed intake and water loss due to high temperatures, ensuring sufficient dry matter intake and growth rate even under adverse environmental conditions. Simultaneously, the automatic wet and dry feed trough's immediate feeding mechanism avoids spoilage and nutrient loss caused by prolonged feed soaking. Combined with the automatic flushing function for feed tray residue, this effectively reduces the risk of intestinal infections and diarrhea. Through the synergistic effect of these technologies, this invention achieves rapid growth while ensuring high pig health, resulting in excellent uniformity in the slaughter herd. It is suitable for high-performance pig breeds with different genetic backgrounds and large-scale farming production under varying climatic conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-level progressive growth constraint relationship of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seven-stage feed gradient design of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and operating logic of the automatic dry and wet material tank of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the precise control of the water-to-material ratio in stages according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a method for precise feeding of high genetic performance and high health pigs throughout their entire life cycle includes S1: establishing a three-level progressive growth constraint relationship, setting the first predetermined level for the average daily weight gain of pigs after weaning, setting the second predetermined level for the weight at the end of the nursery period, and setting the third predetermined level for the weight at the slaughter age.

[0028] It should be specifically noted that in the three-level progressive growth constraint relationship, the first predetermined level corresponds to the daily weight gain threshold in the short term after weaning, the second predetermined level corresponds to the weight threshold at the end of the nursery period, and the third predetermined level corresponds to the weight threshold at the slaughter age; wherein achieving the first predetermined level is a necessary condition for achieving the second predetermined level, and achieving the second predetermined level is a necessary condition for achieving the third predetermined level.

[0029] It should be further explained that the three-level progressive growth constraint relationship is a quantitative derivation result based on large-scale breeding data. The specific steps are as follows: complete growth cycle data of 2,400 high genetic performance lean-type commercial pigs from 10 core breeding farms in China were selected, and Pearson correlation analysis and path coefficient calculation were performed on short-term weight gain after weaning, end-of-nursery weight, and slaughter weight. The results show that the correlation coefficient between the average daily weight gain in the first 5 days after weaning and the weight at 70 days of age is 0.83, and the correlation coefficient between the weight at 70 days of age and the slaughter weight at 147 days of age is 0.92. Moreover, the compensation rate for growth lag caused by insufficient early weight gain is less than 35% in the fattening stage, and the time loss cannot be made up through later fattening.

[0030] Based on the above data processing results, a causal relationship of a three-level progressive growth constraint is established, and three predetermined levels are set:

[0031] The first predetermined level: an average daily weight gain of ≥200g / day in the first 5 days after weaning is the core judgment threshold for no obvious atrophy of intestinal villi and no stress damage during weaning.

[0032] The second predetermined level: a weight of ≥35kg at 70 days of age, which serves as a necessary basic threshold for achieving growth targets during the nursery period and supporting rapid growth during the fattening period;

[0033] The third predetermined level: a weight of ≥120kg at 147 days of age, which serves as the final target threshold for slaughter.

[0034] During the production process, a weekly sampling monitoring mechanism is implemented. On the 5th day after weaning and at the end of each week, 10% of the samples are weighed. If a certain indicator fails to meet the standard, the parameters of the previous stage are immediately traced back and adjusted. A closed-loop control system of target setting, process monitoring and deviation correction is implemented.

[0035] S2: According to the weight gain stages of pigs, seven types of staged feed are fed in sequence. The seven types of staged feed are fed in the following order: creep feed, creep pellet feed, early nursery feed, late nursery feed, early growth feed, late growth feed, and fattening feed.

[0036] It should be specifically noted that the starter feed is a powder, which is diluted with water to a liquid state when fed, and has the highest digestible lysine and net energy levels among all stages of feed; the starter pellet feed is made into pellets using a low-temperature pelleting process, and has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the starter feed; the pre-nursery feed has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the starter pellet feed, and its crude protein content is limited to a low level, and it contains dietary fiber, probiotics, and plant essential oils; the post-nursery feed has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the pre-nursery feed, and its fermentable fiber content is higher than that of the pre-nursery feed; the digestible lysine content of the pre-growth feed, post-growth feed, and fattening feed decreases in that order.

[0037] In the low-temperature pelleting process, the pelleting temperature of the starter feed is controlled below the denaturation temperature of heat-sensitive nutrients and enzymes, and the particle size is set to a size suitable for piglets to consume and to be rapidly and fully hydrated under the first water-to-feed ratio.

[0038] The starter feed contains whey powder, whey protein concentrate, whole milk powder, super steamed fish meal, and yeast hydrolysate, supplemented with glutamine, zinc oxide, and medium-chain fatty acids; the starter pellet feed contains puffed corn, rice protein powder, compound enzyme preparations, and acidifiers; the pre-nursery feed uses a low-protein, high-amino acid balance technology and is fortified with dietary fiber, probiotics, and plant essential oils; the post-nursery feed has a higher content of fermentable fiber than the pre-nursery feed; the pre-growth feed contains a balanced amount of branched-chain amino acids; the post-growth feed contains enzyme preparations; and the fattening feed contains fortified amounts of vitamin E and selenium.

[0039] It should be further explained that, in accordance with the digestive physiological development pattern corresponding to the weight gain of pigs, seven stages of feed were formulated and fed sequentially. The digestible lysine and net energy levels of each stage decreased gradually with weight gain. At the same time, targeted functional raw materials and processing techniques were matched, as detailed below:

[0040] This starter feed is suitable for piglets weighing 6.5kg to 7.5kg. It is in powder form and represents the stage with the highest levels of digestible lysine and net energy. Key nutritional indicators include digestible lysine ≥1.40%, net energy ≥2600kcal / kg, and crude protein ≥19%. The formula contains ≥40% dairy ingredients, including whey powder, whey protein concentrate, and whole milk powder, combined with super steamed fishmeal and yeast hydrolysate. It also includes additional 0.2% glutamine, 0.2% zinc oxide, and 0.3% medium-chain fatty acids to target and protect the intestinal villi structure. When feeding, dilute with 38℃ to 40℃ warm water at a feed-to-water ratio of 1:4 to create a liquid milk consistency. Feed in small amounts 4 to 6 times daily to induce feeding reflexes in piglets.

[0041] This creep feed pellets are suitable for pigs weighing 7.5kg to 10kg. They are produced using a low-temperature pelleting process, with the pelleting temperature strictly controlled between 60℃ and 65℃. The ring die compression ratio is 1:4, the pellet diameter is 2.0mm, and the starch gelatinization degree is ≥85%. This ensures the preservation of heat-sensitive nutrients and enzyme activity, while also ensuring rapid and complete hydration of the pellets upon contact with water. Key nutritional indicators include digestible lysine ≥1.35% and net energy ≥2550kcal / kg, slightly lower than creep milk powder feed. The proportion of dairy ingredients in the formula has been reduced to 25%, and low-antigen plant ingredients, including extruded corn and rice protein powder, have been introduced. 0.1% compound digestive enzymes and 0.6% compound acidifiers have been added to compensate for insufficient endogenous enzymes and gastric acid secretion in piglets.

[0042] This pre-feeding feed is suitable for pigs weighing 10kg to 18kg. It is in pellet form and uses a low-protein, high-amino acid balance technology. Crude protein is strictly controlled below 18.5%. Key nutritional indicators include digestible lysine ≥1.25% and net energy ≥2500kcal / kg. The formula includes 2% soluble dietary fiber and 1% insoluble dietary fiber, along with 0.1% Bacillus probiotics and 0.05% plant essential oils (a combination of carvacrol and thymol) to regulate the intestinal flora and reduce the risk of nutritional diarrhea.

[0043] This late-stage nursery feed is suitable for pigs weighing 18kg to 35kg. It is in pellet form, and its core nutritional indicators include digestible lysine ≥1.20% and net energy ≥2450kcal / kg, slightly lower than the early-stage nursery feed. Compared to the early-stage nursery feed, the fermentable fiber content is increased to 3.5%, using beet meal and inulin as fiber sources. This moderately trains the pigs' gastrointestinal capacity, laying a physiological foundation for high feed intake during the fattening period. By the end of this stage, the pigs must reach the second-level constraint target of ≥35kg at 70 days of age.

[0044] This pre-growth feed is suitable for pigs weighing 35kg to 70kg. It is in pellet form, and its core nutritional indicators include digestible lysine ≥0.98% and net energy ≥2400kcal / kg. The feed emphasizes a balanced ratio of branched-chain amino acids, with leucine:isoleucine:valine controlled at 2:1:1.2 to meet the nutritional needs of simultaneous bone and muscle development.

[0045] This is a late-growth feed suitable for pigs weighing 70kg to 100kg. It is in pellet form, and its core nutritional indicators include digestible lysine ≥0.90% and net energy ≥2400kcal / kg. It contains 0.1% compound non-starch polysaccharide enzyme to improve the utilization rate of dietary fiber and phytic acid phosphorus, reducing feed costs and manure emissions.

[0046] This fattening feed is suitable for pigs weighing 100kg to slaughter. It is in pellet form, and its core nutritional indicators include digestible lysine ≥0.85% and metabolizable energy ≥2425kcal / kg. It is fortified with vitamin E ≥100IU / kg and organic selenium 0.3mg / kg to enhance the carcass' antioxidant capacity and extend the shelf life of meat products.

[0047] The feed transition between adjacent stages should be carried out in a 3-day gradual transition: on the first day, the old feed should account for 70% and the new feed for 30%; on the second day, the old and new feeds should each account for 50%; and on the third day, the old feed should account for 30% and the new feed for 70%. This is to avoid decreased feed intake and stress response caused by sudden changes in feed form and nutrient concentration.

[0048] S3: From the start of feeding creep feed pellets to slaughter, the entire process is fed using automatic dry and wet feed troughs. The automatic dry and wet feed troughs have independently controlled dry feed channels and water channels, which are opened synchronously by the pigs' arching. The feed and water are mixed in the feed troughs in real time and then fed directly to the pigs.

[0049] It should be specifically noted that in the automatic dry and wet material tank, the material feeding channel is equipped with a dry material metering and feeding unit, and the water channel is equipped with a water volume regulating valve. The dry material metering and feeding unit and the water volume regulating valve are linked and controlled by the same triggering mechanism. A weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the material tray to monitor the residual amount of the mixture in the tray in real time. When the weight sensor detects that the residual time of the mixture in the tray exceeds a predetermined threshold, the flushing program is automatically triggered to empty and clean the tray.

[0050] It should be further explained that from the starter pellet stage to slaughter, the entire process uses an automatic dry and wet feed trough with independent feeding and drainage channels. The specific configuration and operating logic of the feed trough are as follows:

[0051] Each feed trough is equipped with an independently controlled dry material metering and dispensing unit and a water volume regulating valve. The dispensing accuracy is ±1g, and the water volume control accuracy is ±2g. The two are linked and controlled by the same triggering mechanism. The feed tray adopts an arc-shaped design without dead angles, and a weight sensor is installed at the bottom to monitor the amount of feed residue in the feed tray in real time.

[0052] When the pigs nudge the feed trough trigger lever, the feed and water channels are opened simultaneously, releasing dry feed and water in a preset ratio. The feed and water are immediately mixed into porridge in the feed pan for the pigs to eat, which is produced and processed immediately, avoiding prolonged soaking and spoilage of feed and loss of nutrients.

[0053] When the weight sensor detects that the residual feed in the feed pan has been left for more than 30 minutes, a low-pressure flushing program is automatically triggered to empty the residual feed and clean the feed pan, preventing intestinal infections caused by spoiled feed and ensuring the health of the pigs.

[0054] S4: During the nursery stage, the water-to-feed ratio of the automatic dry and wet feed trough is set to the first water-to-feed ratio, which is the semi-liquid uniform porridge formed after the feed and water are mixed. During the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio is adjusted to the second water-to-feed ratio range, and when the ambient temperature rises to the predetermined high temperature condition, the water-to-feed ratio is increased to be close to the first water-to-feed ratio.

[0055] It should be specifically noted that the first water-to-feed ratio is a fixed value. Within this range, the feed and water are mixed to form a semi-liquid, uniform porridge, maximizing both the pig's daily dry matter intake and single feed intake. The lower limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range is lower than the first water-to-feed ratio range, and the upper limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range is close to the first water-to-feed ratio range.

[0056] During the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio is dynamically controlled based on the temperature and humidity index of the enclosure environment. When the temperature and humidity index is within the comfortable range, the water-to-feed ratio is set to the lower limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range. When the temperature and humidity index rises to the predetermined heat stress threshold, the water-to-feed ratio is increased to the upper limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range.

[0057] It should be further explained that, based on the digestive physiological characteristics and environmental conditions of pigs at different growth stages, the water-to-feed ratio (the weight ratio of water to dry feed) is set in stages, and the specific control logic is as follows:

[0058] During the nursery stage, from creep feeding to the later nursery period, the water-to-feed ratio was set as the first water-to-feed ratio, which was fixed at 2.5:1 in this embodiment. Specifically, the ratio was determined through a single-factor gradient experiment, setting four water-to-feed ratio treatments: 1.5:1, 2.0:1, 2.5:1, and 3.0:1. Data on daily dry matter intake, digesta viscosity, gastric emptying time, diarrhea rate, and daily weight gain of piglets were collected. After single-factor ANOVA and multiple comparisons, the results showed that the mixture at a water-to-feed ratio of 2.5:1 was a uniform semi-liquid porridge, and the digesta viscosity was [not specified]. to It is best suited for piglets to swallow, with a daily dry matter intake that is 22% higher than that of the dry feed group, and a gastric emptying time of about 45 minutes, achieving a balance between feed intake and intestinal health.

[0059] During the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio is set to the second range, i.e., a dynamic range of 2.0:1 to 2.5:1, with a default base value of 2.2:1. A dynamic control model is established based on the indoor temperature and humidity index (THI). Real-time temperature and relative humidity data are collected, and the THI value is calculated. When THI < 70 (comfortable environment), the water-to-feed ratio is set to 2.0:1, forming a thick porridge-like feed, prolonging the feed's residence time in the gastrointestinal tract, and improving nutrient digestibility. When 70 ≤ THI < 78 (mild heat stress), the water-to-feed ratio is increased to 2.2:1. When THI ≥ 78 (moderate to severe heat stress, corresponding to an ambient temperature ≥ 30℃ and high humidity conditions), the water-to-feed ratio is increased to 2.5:1, approaching the level of the nursery stage. This increases feed moisture intake to compensate for evaporative heat loss, stimulates feed intake, and ensures adequate dry matter intake. Furthermore, the THI calculation formula is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Where: T is the dry-bulb temperature inside the enclosure, in °C, and RH is the relative humidity inside the enclosure, in °C.

[0062] Specific application examples are as follows:

[0063] Example 1: Application of Duroc × Landrace × Large White three-way crossbred commercial pigs under standard conditions.

[0064] It should be noted that Duroc × Landrace × Large White, abbreviated as "DLY", is the most widely used three-way crossbreeding model for commercial pigs in my country. It is formed by crossbreeding three imported pig breeds, Duroc, Landrace, and Large White, in a specific order, and accounts for more than 80% of the domestic pig output.

[0065] The experiment selected 240 healthy Duroc × Landrace × Large White three-way crossbred piglets of the same parity and with a birth weight ≥1.4kg. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 120 piglets in each group, half male and half female. The experimental period started from 7 days of weaning and ended at 147 days of slaughter.

[0066] Experimental group: The entire nutrition and feeding methods described in S1 to S4 of this invention were adopted;

[0067] Control group: The control group adopted the industry's traditional three-stage feeding model, namely creep feed, nursery feed, and fattening feed. Dry feed was provided freely throughout the entire process, with independent waterers. The nutritional levels of the feed at each stage were completely consistent with the corresponding stages in the experimental group. The pen environment, immunization program, and temperature and humidity control management conditions were completely identical for both groups, with indoor temperatures ranging from 22℃ to 26℃ and relative humidity from 60% to 70%, representing a comfortable rearing environment.

[0068] The experimental group strictly implemented three levels of growth constraint monitoring: on the 5th day after weaning, the average daily weight gain was 215g / day, which met the first level constraint; at 70 days of age, the entire group was weighed, and the average weight was 38.5kg, which met the second level constraint.

[0069] During the nursery stage, the water-to-feed ratio is fixed at 2.5:1. During the growth and fattening stage, the THI is maintained at 65 to 68, and the water-to-feed ratio is set at 2.0:1.

[0070] Each stage of material transfer must strictly adhere to a 3-day gradual transition.

[0071] The experimental results, obtained by measuring the production performance and health indicators of the two groups at 147 days of age, are as follows:

[0072]

[0073] The results showed that the experimental group fully met the three-level progressive growth constraints and successfully achieved the goal of slaughtering at 120kg at 147 days of age. Moreover, the growth rate, feed efficiency, health and population uniformity were significantly better than those of the traditional feeding mode.

[0074] Example 2: Application of high lean meat percentage four-way crossbred commercial pigs: Duroc × Landrace × Large White.

[0075] It should be noted that the Pietrain × Duroc × Landrace × Large White four-way crossbred pig (PDLY) is a commercial pig bred from four breeds—Pietrain, Duroc, Landrace, and Large White—through a specific crossbreeding program, aiming to combine high lean meat percentage with good growth performance.

[0076] One hundred and eighty crossbred piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) with a birth weight ≥1.3kg were selected for the experiment. This breed has a high lean meat percentage and strong meat production potential, but its feed intake is relatively low and it is highly sensitive to stress. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 90 piglets in each group. The experimental period and management conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Experimental group: The feeding method of this invention was adopted throughout the entire process. During the nursery stage, the water-to-feed ratio was fixed at 2.5:1, and during the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio was dynamically adjusted according to THI.

[0078] Control group: Traditional dry feed free-feeding mode.

[0079] Experimental results:

[0080]

[0081] The results showed that this method can still effectively overcome the feeding bottleneck and meet the three-level growth constraint requirements for ultra-high meat-producing breeds with low feed intake and poor stress resistance, with a slaughter weight of nearly 120 kg and a significant improvement in population uniformity, proving that this method has good breed universality.

[0082] Example 3: Application of dynamic control under high temperature and high humidity environment.

[0083] The experiment took place in the southern summer months of July and August, with average daily temperatures ranging from 28°C to 34°C, relative humidity from 70% to 85%, and THI mostly between 75 and 82. Two hundred Duroc-Landrace-Large White crossbred piglets were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 100 piglets in each group.

[0084] Experimental group: During the nursery stage, the water-to-feed ratio was fixed at 2.5:1; during the growth and fattening stage, dynamic water-to-feed ratio control was initiated, and the ratio was automatically adjusted to 2.5:1 when THI ≥ 78.

[0085] Control group: Traditional dry feed free-feeding mode.

[0086] Experimental results:

[0087]

[0088] The results show that the dynamic water-to-feed ratio control strategy of the present invention can effectively alleviate the decline in feed intake caused by high temperature heat stress, ensure dry matter intake, and still approach the slaughter target of 120 kg at 147 days of age under adverse conditions, demonstrating good environmental adaptability.

[0089] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0090] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for precise feeding of pigs with high genetic performance and high health throughout their entire nutritional life, characterized in that, include: S1: Establish a three-level progressive growth constraint relationship, setting the first predetermined level for the average daily weight gain of pigs after weaning, the second predetermined level for the weight at the end of the nursery period, and the third predetermined level for the weight at the slaughter age. S2: According to the weight gain stages of pigs, seven types of staged feeds are fed in sequence. The seven types of staged feeds are fed in the following order: creep feed, creep pellet feed, early nursery feed, late nursery feed, early growth feed, late growth feed, and fattening feed. S3: From the start of feeding creep feed pellets to slaughter, the entire process is fed using an automatic dry and wet feed trough. The automatic dry and wet feed trough has a dry feed discharge channel and a water discharge channel that are independently controlled and are opened synchronously by the pigs' arching. The feed and water are mixed in the feed trough in real time and then fed directly to the pigs. S4: During the nursery stage, the water-to-feed ratio of the automatic dry and wet feed trough is set to the first water-to-feed ratio, which is the semi-liquid uniform porridge formed after the feed and water are mixed. During the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio is adjusted to the second water-to-feed ratio range, and when the ambient temperature rises to the predetermined high temperature condition, the water-to-feed ratio is increased to be close to the first water-to-feed ratio.

2. The method for precise feeding of pigs with high genetic performance and high health throughout their entire life cycle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: In the three-level progressive growth constraint relationship, the first predetermined level corresponds to the daily weight gain threshold in the short term after weaning, the second predetermined level corresponds to the weight threshold at the end of the nursery period, and the third predetermined level corresponds to the weight threshold at the slaughter age; wherein achieving the first predetermined level is a necessary condition for achieving the second predetermined level, and achieving the second predetermined level is a necessary condition for achieving the third predetermined level.

3. The method for precise feeding of pigs with high genetic performance and high health throughout their entire life cycle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The starter feed is a powder that is diluted with water to a liquid state before feeding. It has the highest digestible lysine and net energy levels among all stages of feed. The starter pellet feed is made into pellets using a low-temperature pelleting process. Its digestible lysine and net energy levels are lower than those of the starter feed. The pre-nursery feed has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the starter pellet feed, and its crude protein content is limited to a low level. It also contains dietary fiber, probiotics, and plant essential oils. The post-nursery feed has lower digestible lysine and net energy levels than the pre-nursery feed, and its fermentable fiber content is higher than that of the pre-nursery feed. The digestible lysine content of the pre-growth feed, post-growth feed, and fattening feed decreases sequentially.

4. The method for precise feeding of pigs with high genetic performance and high health throughout their entire life cycle, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: In the low-temperature pelleting process, the pelleting temperature of the starter feed is controlled below the denaturation temperature of heat-sensitive nutrients and enzymes, and the particle size is set to a size suitable for piglets to consume and to be rapidly and fully hydrated under the first water-to-feed ratio.

5. The method for precise feeding of pigs with high genetic performance and high health throughout their entire life cycle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The starter feed contains whey powder, whey protein concentrate, whole milk powder, super steamed fish meal, yeast hydrolysate, glutamine, zinc oxide, and medium-chain fatty acids; the starter pellet feed contains puffed corn, rice protein powder, compound enzyme preparations, and acidifiers; the pre-nursery feed uses a low-protein, high-amino acid balance technology and is fortified with dietary fiber, probiotics, and plant essential oils; the post-nursery feed has a higher content of fermentable fiber than the pre-nursery feed; the pre-growth feed contains a balanced amount of branched-chain amino acids; the post-growth feed contains enzyme preparations; and the fattening feed contains fortified amounts of vitamin E and selenium.

6. The method for precise feeding of high genetic performance and high health pigs throughout their entire nutritional life, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: In the automatic dry and wet material tank, the feeding channel is equipped with a dry material metering and feeding unit, and the water channel is equipped with a water volume regulating valve. The dry material metering and feeding unit and the water volume regulating valve are linked and controlled by the same triggering mechanism. A weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the material tray to monitor the residual amount of the mixture in the tray in real time. When the weight sensor detects that the residual time of the mixture in the tray exceeds a predetermined threshold, the flushing program is automatically triggered to empty and clean the tray.

7. The method for precise feeding of high genetic performance and high health pigs throughout their entire nutritional life, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The first water-to-feed ratio is a fixed value. Within this range, the feed and water are mixed to form a semi-liquid, uniform porridge, maximizing the pig's daily dry matter intake and single feed intake. The lower limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range is lower than the first water-to-feed ratio range, and the upper limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range is close to the first water-to-feed ratio range.

8. The method for precise feeding of pigs with high genetic performance and high health throughout their entire life cycle, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: During the growth and fattening stage, the water-to-feed ratio is dynamically controlled based on the temperature and humidity index of the enclosure environment. When the temperature and humidity index is within the comfortable range, the water-to-feed ratio is set to the lower limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range. When the temperature and humidity index rises to the predetermined heat stress threshold, the water-to-feed ratio is increased to the upper limit of the second water-to-feed ratio range.

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