Ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device, and belongs to the technical field of ventricular puncture auxiliary instruments. Which comprises a bottom plate and an angle measuring plate and is characterized in that the bottom plate is an arc-shaped plate capable of being attached to the head of a human body, the bottom plate is divided into a left half area and a right half area, an open notch is formed in the front end of the plate face of the right half area, the bottom edge of the angle measuring plate is connected to the convex face side of the bottom plate, and the plate face of the angle measuring plate is located in the radial face of the arc-shaped bottom plate. The angle measuring plate is connected with a pointer or a guide plate which can rotate. The blind puncture guiding device has the advantages that the blind puncture guiding device can provide guidance for blind puncture in the puncture direction, the accuracy of blind puncture is greatly improved, and damage to surrounding brain tissue caused by repeated puncture due to blind puncture failure is avoided; the device is simple in structure, low in cost and easy and convenient to use.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a ventricle puncture positioning auxiliary device belongs to ventricle puncture auxiliary instrument technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ventricular puncture is one of the most basic techniques in neurosurgery, which has been widely used in neurosurgery and neurology. The indications of ventricular puncture include diagnostic puncture and therapeutic puncture. The diagnostic puncture mainly includes (1) X-ray examination of the nervous system, contrast agent or gas is injected into the ventricle for imaging examination; (2) cerebrospinal fluid is extracted for biochemical and cytological examination; (3) to identify the type of hydrocephalus, double puncture of the ventricle and the lumbar vertebrae is often required to test whether the ventricle and the subarachnoid space are unobstructed, and the ventricle phenol red or indigo carmine test is performed. The therapeutic puncture mainly includes (1) for patients with severe intracranial hypertension caused by hydrocephalus, especially for patients with acute occipital foramen hernia leading to respiratory dysfunction, ventricular drainage is an emergency measure to temporarily relieve intracranial pressure and create conditions for further examination and treatment; (2) for patients with intraventricular hemorrhage, puncture and drainage of bloody cerebrospinal fluid can reduce the reaction of the ventricle and prevent the obstruction of the ventricular system; (3) for patients with intracranial hypertension, ventricular drainage is often used to relieve the reaction of intracranial hypertension during craniotomy; (4) to drain inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid or inject drugs into the ventricle to treat intracranial infection; (5) for cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery, the ventricular end of the shunt tube is placed in the lateral ventricle. The surgical methods for ventricular puncture include: 1. Shaving, 2. Supine position, selecting the puncture point, 3. Covering the patient's body with a surgical sheet, leaving only a small amount of scalp around the puncture point, 4. Routine disinfection of the scalp and local anesthesia, 5. Straight incision of the scalp at the site of skull drilling, using a mosquito hemostat to remove the periosteum at the incision site, drilling the skull, and cross-shaped incision of the dura mater, 6. Inserting a metal ventricular puncture needle into the brain surface dura incision site and deep into the brain parenchyma. When the puncture needle pierces the ventricular wall, a significant decrease in resistance can be felt, at which point the needle core is removed and the presence or absence of cerebrospinal fluid flow is confirmed. Among them: the puncture needle enters the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle through the Kocher point. Therefore, the puncture point is located 11 cm above the nasal root, 3 cm lateral to the midline, and punctured at the vertical intersection point of the ipsilateral canthus and the bilateral external auditory meatus. This point is located beside the sagittal sinus and in front of the motor cortex, so it avoids the key areas of the intracranial space. The key to ventricular puncture is the selection of the puncture point and the determination of the puncture direction of the puncture needle, i.e. the puncture positioning problem. The conventional ventricular puncture selects a fixed puncture point, and the puncture direction is guided by the surface markers for blind puncture. The position and direction of the puncture point are completely dependent on the surgeon's sense of touch and experience, and the most commonly used is frontal horn puncture (puncturing the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle), which enters the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle through the Kocher point. That is, the puncture point is located 11 cm above the nasal root, 3 cm lateral to the midline, and punctured at the vertical intersection point of the ipsilateral canthus and the bilateral external auditory meatus. This blind puncture has high requirements for the surgeon, high risk of surgery, and certain failure rate. After the patient's head is disinfected and the sheet is laid, there is a lack of effective reference, which makes the surgeon think that the puncture direction is correct, but in fact it has deviated from the preset track, leading to puncture failure, multiple punctures, and damage to the surrounding brain tissue, resulting in corresponding neurological dysfunction and increased risk of bleeding.

[0003] In order to solve the drawbacks of conventional ventricle puncture blind, the neural navigation technology and stereotactic puncture and tube drainage are developed in the field. The neural navigation technology can accurately locate the puncture site by using the neural navigation system, but the use of the navigation needs to be based on the scanning data of the thin layer brain CT, and the preparation time is long and the cost is high, which may delay the rescue opportunity in emergency. The stereotactic puncture and tube drainage is performed by using the neurosurgery medical robot. The patient's head is pasted with a positioning mark before the thin layer axial scan of the brain CT is performed, and the data is imported into the computer software, the head CT image fusion is completed, and the three-dimensional reconstruction is performed. The implementation of the technology also has the defects of high cost and long operation preparation time. Practical new type content

[0004] The utility model aims at the problems existing in the conventional ventricle puncture, and provides a ventricle puncture positioning auxiliary device which can avoid the risk of multiple punctures caused by blind puncture failure and greatly improve the accuracy of blind puncture.

[0005] The utility model is realized by the following technical schemes:

[0006] The utility model discloses a bottom plate and an angle scale, and is characterized in that the bottom plate is an arc surface plate that can be attached to the human head, the bottom plate is divided into a left half area and a right half area, an open notch is formed in the front end of the plate surface of the right half area, the bottom edge of the angle scale is connected to the convex surface side of the bottom plate, and the plate surface of the angle scale is in the radial surface of the arc surface bottom plate.

[0007] An angle scale line is arranged on the plate surface of the angle scale.

[0008] The open notch in the front end of the plate surface of the right half area is in the shape of a circular arc, a square or a swallowtail.

[0009] In the structure in which the bottom edge of the angle scale is located on the boundary line between the left half area and the right half area of the bottom plate, a pointed positioning protrusion is arranged at each end of the boundary line between the left half area and the right half area of the bottom plate, and the tip of the positioning protrusion coincides with the boundary line between the left half area and the right half area of the bottom plate.

[0010] The guide plate is a rectangular plate.

[0011] The advantages of the present invention are: the present invention can provide guidance for blind puncture in the puncture direction, greatly improving the accuracy of blind puncture, and avoiding damage to surrounding brain tissue caused by multiple punctures due to blind puncture failure; the present invention has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model viewed from the right side of the product;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model viewed from the left side of the product;

[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Front view of

[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0016] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the product in Example 2 of the present utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1-base plate; 2-angle protractor; 3-horizontal axis; 4-pointer; 5-guide plate; 11-right half area; 12-left half area; 13-demarcation line between the left and right halves of the base plate; 14-pointed positioning protrusion; 111-open notch; 21-angle scale line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0018] Refer to the attached Figures 1 to 4 The utility model includes: a base plate 1, an angle protractor plate 2, the base plate 1 is an arc panel that can fit with the human head, the base plate 1 is divided into a left half area 12 and a right half area 11, the front end of the right half area 11 is provided with an open notch 111, and the open notch 111 is arc-shaped, square or dovetail-shaped; an angle scale line 21 is provided on the surface of the angle protractor plate 2, the bottom edge of the angle protractor plate 2 is connected to the convex side of the base plate 1, the surface of the angle protractor plate 2 is in the radial plane of the arc-shaped base plate, and the bottom edge of the angle protractor plate 2 is located on the dividing line 13 of the left and right half areas of the base plate, a rotatable horizontal axis 3 is installed at the lower center position of the angle protractor plate 2, and a pointer 4 is installed at one end of the horizontal axis 3; a pointed positioning protrusion 14 is provided at each end of the dividing line 13 of the left and right half areas on the base plate 1, and the tip of the positioning protrusion 14 coincides with the dividing line of the left and right half areas of the base plate.

[0019] Before carrying out ventricular puncture, two ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary devices of the utility model are prepared, one is sterilized and the other is not sterilized; then, the patient is shaved, and is made to be in a supine position on an operating table, at this time, the patient's head is not covered with a sheet, so the doctor can see the whole picture of the patient's head, therefore, the doctor can easily determine the position of the puncture point and mark it with the patient's surface marks, and at the same time, the non-sterilized ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device is placed on the left side of the puncture point of the head, the two end pointed positioning protrusions 14 are located on the midline of the head, and the puncture point is in the open slot 111, the pointer 4 is rotated, so that the extension line of the pointer 4 is perpendicular to the connecting line of the bilateral external auditory meatus, the angle value of the pointer 4 corresponding to the protractor 2 is recorded, and the position of the ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device is marked; the patient's body is covered with an operating sheet, only a small amount of scalp around the puncture point is left on the head, the scalp is conventionally sterilized and locally anesthetized, the scalp is linearly incised at the skull drilling position, the periosteum at the incision is stripped with a mosquito hemostat, the skull is drilled, and the dura is cross-shapedly incised. The pointer 4 of the sterilized ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device is adjusted to be consistent with the angle value of the pointer 4 corresponding to the protractor 2 recorded in the non-sterilized ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device, the ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device is placed on the patient's head according to the position marked on the patient's head with the left hand, the right hand holds the puncture needle, and the puncture needle is punctured in parallel with reference to the pointer 4. Example 2

[0020] Refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 5 The utility model discloses a bottom plate 1, protractor 2, bottom plate 1 is the arc surface board that can be attached to human head, bottom plate 1 is divided into left half area 12 and right half area 11, the open slot 111 is opened in the board face front end of right half area 11, and the open slot 111 is circular arc, square or swallowtail shape;Protractor 2's board face is equipped with angle scale line 21, and the bottom edge of protractor 2 is connected to the convex side of bottom plate 1, and the board face of protractor 2 is in the radial surface of arc surface bottom plate, and the bottom edge of protractor 2 spans the board face of left and right half area of bottom plate, and is perpendicular to the boundary line 13 of left and right half area, and a transverse shaft 3 that can rotate is installed in the central position of protractor 2, and the both ends of transverse shaft 3 are elongated outside the board face of protractor 2, and a guide plate 5 is fixed on the transverse shaft on one side of the board face of protractor 2, and the guide plate 5 is rectangular plate.

[0021] The ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device is positioned on the patient's head, the guide plate 5 is first opposite the middle scale line of angle scale line 21 of protractor 2 with the vertical edge, is placed with the lower edge of guide plate 5 directly opposite the midline of the head, and is marked the position. Then rotate the transverse shaft 3, the guide plate 5 rotates with the transverse shaft 3, so that the extension of the board face of the guide plate 5 is perpendicular to the connecting line of the bilateral external auditory meatus. When puncturing, the puncture needle is punctured in parallel with reference to the guide plate 5 and the vertical edge of the guide plate 5.

Claims

1. A ventricular puncture positioning assist device, comprising: The base plate and the protractor plate are characterized in that: the base plate is an arc-shaped plate that can fit with the human head, the base plate is divided into a left half area and a right half area, the front end of the plate of the right half area is provided with an open slot, the bottom edge of the protractor plate is connected to the convex side of the base plate, and the plate surface of the protractor plate is in the radial plane of the arc-shaped base plate; the connection between the protractor plate and the base plate is one of the following two structures, one is: the bottom edge of the protractor plate is located on the dividing line between the left and right half areas of the base plate, a rotatable horizontal axis is installed at the lower center position of the protractor plate, and a pointer is installed at one end of the horizontal axis; the other is: the bottom edge of the protractor plate spans the plate surface of the left and right half areas of the base plate, and is perpendicular to the dividing line between the left and right half areas of the base plate, a rotatable horizontal axis is installed at the center position of the protractor plate, both ends of the horizontal axis extend outside the plate surface of the protractor plate, and a guide plate is fixed on the horizontal axis on one side of the plate surface of the protractor plate.

2. The ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Angle scale lines are provided on the plate surface of the protractor plate.

3. The ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open notch at the front end of the right half-area panel is in an arc shape, a square shape or a dovetail shape.

4. The ventricle puncture positioning auxiliary device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom edge of the protractor plate is located in a structure on the dividing line between the left and right halves of the bottom plate. A pointed positioning protrusion is provided at each end of the dividing line between the left and right halves of the bottom plate. The tip of the positioning protrusion coincides with the dividing line between the left and right halves of the bottom plate.

5. The ventricular puncture positioning auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate is a rectangular plate.

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