Electric machines and vehicles

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an electric machine and a vehicle, wherein the electric machine can include a rotor and a stator; the stator can include a stator body, an armature tooth with an armature winding, and a permanent magnet tooth with a permanent magnet, the armature tooth and the permanent magnet tooth being adjacently arranged on the stator body and extending towards the rotor. The electric machine of the present disclosure increases the magnetic resistance of the magnetic flux leakage path by arranging the armature winding and the permanent magnet on the adjacent different teeth, thereby reducing the leakage flux on the stator side in the electric machine. Based on this, the electric machine of the present disclosure can improve the leakage flux phenomenon of the electric machine to some extent, thereby being able to improve the torque output capability of the electric machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of electric motor technology, and more specifically, to an electric motor and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, due to the principle of minimum magnetic resistance, motors will experience magnetic leakage, resulting in low utilization of permanent magnets and affecting motor performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an electric motor and a vehicle that can improve magnetic leakage, thereby at least partially solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this disclosure provides an electric motor, comprising: a rotor; and a stator including a stator body, armature teeth having armature windings and permanent magnet teeth having permanent magnets, the armature teeth and the permanent magnet teeth being disposed adjacently on the stator body and extending toward the rotor.

[0005] Optionally, the permanent magnets on each of the permanent magnet teeth have the same polarity.

[0006] Optionally, the armature teeth and the permanent magnet teeth are arranged alternately in sequence in the circumferential direction of the stator body.

[0007] Optionally, the permanent magnet is disposed at the end of the permanent magnet tooth facing the rotor and spaced apart from the rotor.

[0008] Optionally, the end of the permanent magnet tooth includes an extension section extending toward the circumferential side, and the permanent magnet tooth is disposed on the extension section.

[0009] Optionally, the extension section includes a groove on the side near the rotor, and the permanent magnet is disposed in the groove; or, the extension section and the permanent magnet are attached together.

[0010] Optionally, the armature teeth and the permanent magnet teeth have different extension lengths; wherein, after the permanent magnet is disposed on the permanent magnet teeth, the sum of the lengths of the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet teeth is approximately the same as the length of the armature teeth.

[0011] Optionally, the armature windings on the plurality of armature teeth form a three-phase armature winding.

[0012] Optionally, two adjacent armature teeth are symmetrically arranged about the permanent magnet teeth located between them, and the armature windings on the two adjacent armature teeth are wound in opposite directions.

[0013] Optionally, two adjacent armature teeth are symmetrically arranged about the permanent magnet teeth located between them, and the armature windings on the two adjacent armature teeth are different phase armature windings of the three-phase armature windings.

[0014] Optionally, the rotor includes a core yoke and core teeth disposed on the core yoke and extending toward the stator; at least a portion of the permanent magnet on each of the permanent magnet teeth is disposed opposite to at least a portion of the core tooth.

[0015] Optionally, the core yoke is provided with a plurality of protrusions extending toward the stator at intervals, the protrusions forming the core teeth.

[0016] Optionally, the rotor is sleeved on the outer periphery of the stator.

[0017] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a vehicle including the aforementioned motor.

[0018] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, the motor disclosed herein increases the magnetic resistance of the motor leakage flux path by arranging the armature winding and permanent magnet on adjacent, different teeth, thereby reducing leakage flux on the stator side of the motor. Based on this, the motor of this disclosure can improve the leakage flux phenomenon of motors to a certain extent, thereby enhancing the motor's torque output capability.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the motor provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the leakage flux circuit of the motor provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the leakage flux circuit of a motor based on related technologies;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the no-load magnetic flux of motors in related technologies and motors disclosed herein;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the no-load back electromotive force of the motors of related technologies and the motors disclosed herein.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0027] 1-Rotor; 11-Core yoke; 12-Core tooth; 121-Protrusion; 2-Stator; 21-Stator body; 22-Armature tooth; 221-Connecting section; 23-Permanent magnet tooth; 231-Extension section; 3-Armature winding; 4-Permanent magnet; 100-Stator tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0029] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "inner" and "outer" refer to "inner" and "outer" relative to the contour of the corresponding component itself. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not have sequential or importance implications. Additionally, in the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The above definitions are for explanation and illustration only and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure.

[0030] In related technologies, armature windings 3 and permanent magnets 4 can be provided on the same stator teeth 100 of the motor stator 2. As a result, the leakage magnetic circuit of the motor can be formed by the same stator teeth 100. Such motors have a large amount of leakage magnetic flux, which will affect the performance of the motor.

[0031] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the motor in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in a first aspect of this disclosure, an electric motor is provided, which may include a rotor 1 and a stator 2; wherein the stator 2 may include a stator body 21, armature teeth 22 having armature windings 3 and permanent magnet teeth 23 having permanent magnets 4, the armature teeth 22 and the permanent magnet teeth 23 being disposed adjacently on the stator body 21 and extending toward the rotor 1.

[0033] The stator 2 of the motor can be provided with multiple stator teeth 100. Some of the stator teeth 100 can form armature teeth 22, and other stator teeth 100 can form permanent magnet teeth 23. Since the armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23 are arranged adjacently, setting the armature winding 3 on the armature teeth 22 and setting the permanent magnet 4 on the permanent magnet teeth 23 is equivalent to setting the armature winding 3 and the permanent magnet 4 on two adjacent stator teeth 100 respectively. Compared with motors in related technologies... The leakage magnetic circuit in this disclosed motor is not formed by the presence of a permanent magnet 4 or an armature winding 3 on a single stator tooth 100. Instead, it requires two adjacent stator teeth 100, namely the armature tooth 22 and the permanent magnet tooth 23, to form a leakage magnetic circuit. This creates stator slot reluctance between the permanent magnet tooth 23 and the armature tooth 22, i.e., between two adjacent stator teeth 100. This increases the reluctance of the motor's leakage magnetic path and reduces leakage magnetic flux on the stator 2 side of the motor. Therefore, the motor of this disclosure can improve the leakage magnetic phenomenon to a certain extent, thereby increasing the motor's torque output capability.

[0034] It should be noted that the motor disclosed herein can be a flux-reversed permanent magnet motor.

[0035] In embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the permanent magnets 4 on each permanent magnet tooth 23 have the same polarity. Therefore, the armature magnetic field formed by the armature winding 3 and the permanent magnet magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 4 can generate a working magnetic field under the modulation of the rotor 1.

[0036] The permanent magnets 4 in the motor can all be N poles or all be S poles.

[0037] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple armature teeth 22 and multiple permanent magnet teeth 23 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the stator body 21. The arrangement of multiple armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23 can improve the leakage flux phenomenon of the motor, and allow stator slots to be formed between adjacent armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23. The gaps in the stator slots facilitate the arrangement of the armature windings 3 arranged on the armature teeth 22.

[0038] For example, the stator body 21 may be provided with 24 stator teeth 100, with a 15° difference between two adjacent stator teeth 100 and forming armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23 respectively, that is, 12 armature teeth 22 and 12 permanent magnet teeth 23 are alternately arranged on the outer periphery of the stator body 21.

[0039] Of course, the number of stator teeth 100 can be adjusted adaptively as needed, and this disclosure does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0040] In embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the permanent magnet 4 can be disposed at the end of the permanent magnet tooth 23 facing the rotor 1 and spaced apart from the rotor 1. The permanent magnet 4 being disposed at the end of the stator tooth 100 can make the magnetic flux density distribution more uniform, thereby improving the electromagnetic torque and power density.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the end of the permanent magnet tooth 23 includes an extension segment 231 extending toward the periphery, and the permanent magnet tooth 23 is disposed on the extension segment 231. The provision of the extension segment 231 can increase the connection area between the end of the permanent magnet tooth 23 and the permanent magnet 4. For example, the provision of the extension segment 231 can make the cross-section of the permanent magnet tooth 23 have a T-shaped structure, thereby ensuring the connection stability after the two are fitted together.

[0042] The permanent magnet 4 can be connected to the extension section 231 in various ways. For example, the side of the extension section 231 near the rotor 1 includes a groove (not shown in the figure). The permanent magnet 4 can be embedded in the groove to further improve the connection stability between the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet tooth 23. Alternatively, the permanent magnet 4 can be directly attached to the extension section 231 to simplify the structure of the permanent magnet tooth 23 and improve the connection efficiency between the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet tooth 23.

[0043] It should be noted that the gap between the permanent magnet 4 and the rotor 1 can form an air gap between the stator 2 and the rotor 1.

[0044] Furthermore, the extension lengths of the armature tooth 22 and the permanent magnet tooth 23 are different; specifically, after the permanent magnet 4 is placed on the permanent magnet tooth 23, the sum of the lengths of the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet tooth 23 is approximately the same as the length of the armature tooth 22. That is, the length of the permanent magnet tooth 23 itself is less than the length of the armature tooth 22. This provides sufficient installation space for the permanent magnet 4 to be placed on the permanent magnet tooth 23, facilitating the installation of the permanent magnet 4.

[0045] "Largely the same" means that the sum of the lengths of the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet tooth 23 is exactly the same as the length of the armature tooth 22, or that the sum of the lengths of the permanent magnet 4 and the permanent magnet tooth 23 is slightly greater than or slightly less than the length of the armature tooth 22.

[0046] Furthermore, the armature tooth 22 can extend towards one side of the rotor 1. The armature tooth 22 includes a connecting section 221 on which the armature winding 3 is sleeved. That is, the connecting section 221 is located on the periphery of the main body of the armature tooth 22 to ensure that the connecting section 221 has sufficient length to facilitate the sleeve of the armature winding 3 on the connecting section 221, thereby ensuring the connection stability between the armature tooth 22 and the armature winding 3.

[0047] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the armature windings 3 on multiple armature teeth 22 form a three-phase armature winding. Since the armature windings 3 can be configured as three-phase armature windings, the phase difference between each group of armature windings 3 can be 120 degrees. This structure allows the motor to generate a rotating magnetic field during operation. This rotating magnetic field can interact with the permanent magnet magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 4, thereby driving the rotor 1 to rotate synchronously and smoothly. In addition, the three-phase armature winding design allows for a more compact motor structure, and the phase difference between the coils of the armature windings 3 can also reduce electromagnetic interference and improve the motor's operational stability.

[0048] In embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, two adjacent armature teeth 22 are symmetrically arranged about the permanent magnet tooth 23 located between them, and the winding directions of the armature windings 3 on the two adjacent armature teeth 22 are opposite. The armature windings 3 on the two adjacent armature teeth 22 are different phase armature windings of the three-phase armature windings. To facilitate the arrangement of the armature windings 3, they can be located at the yoke of the armature tooth 22. In the armature windings 3, "+" and "-" represent different winding methods of the coils of the armature windings 3, or they can also be understood as different current flow directions. "A", "B", and "C" represent different phases of the three-phase armature windings 3, respectively. In this way, the motor can form a sinusoidal air gap magnetic field to achieve good electromagnetic performance. When three-phase alternating current is applied to the motor, a three-phase alternating magnetic field can be formed in the armature windings 3. These magnetic fields interact, causing the rotor 1 to rotate under the action of electromagnetic force, thereby improving the performance and stability of the motor during operation.

[0049] In embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rotor 1 may include a core yoke 11 and core teeth 12 disposed on the core yoke 11 and extending toward the stator 2; at least a portion of the permanent magnet 4 on each permanent magnet tooth 23 can be disposed opposite to at least a portion of the core tooth 12. That is, an air gap can be formed between the permanent magnet 4 and the core tooth 12, thereby forming a leakage magnetic circuit between adjacent armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23. In this way, stator slot magnetic reluctance can be formed between the permanent magnet tooth 23 and the armature tooth 22, that is, between two adjacent stator teeth 100, to increase the total magnetic reluctance in the leakage magnetic circuit, thereby achieving the effect of increasing magnetic reluctance and reducing leakage magnetic flux.

[0050] The iron core yoke 11 has multiple protrusions 121 extending towards the stator 2 at intervals, forming iron core teeth 12. That is, the iron core yoke 11 of the rotor 1 is provided with magnetic poles extending towards the air gap to form a salient pole rotor. Compared with the magnetic barrier type reluctance rotor in related technologies, the structure of the salient pole rotor is simpler and easier to manufacture. Moreover, with the magnetic poles of the stator 2 also protruding, the interaction of the magnetic fields can be made more compact. As a result, the motor can provide higher torque and power output, ensuring that the motor can perform well under high load conditions.

[0051] In addition, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, rotor 1 can be fitted onto the outer periphery of stator 2. That is, the motor can be configured as an external rotor motor. External rotor motors have a higher moment of inertia, which results in smaller speed fluctuations and stronger resistance to load disturbances during operation. Furthermore, since rotor 1 is located on the outside and directly exposed to the environment, it has a larger heat dissipation surface area, allowing for rapid heat dissipation through natural convection or forced air cooling, ensuring the normal operation of the motor.

[0052] This disclosure will exemplarily illustrate the leakage magnetic circuit and the magnitude of leakage magnetic flux of motors in the related art and motors in this disclosure.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in the related technology, an armature winding 3 and a permanent magnet 4 can be provided on the same stator tooth 100, thereby forming a leakage magnetic circuit on the same stator tooth 100. Specifically, the magnitude of its leakage magnetic field can be expressed as:

[0054]

[0055] in, It is the magnetomotive force of a permanent magnet. It is a permanent magnet reluctance. It is the air gap magnetoresistive.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the motor of this disclosure has an armature winding 3 on the armature tooth 22 and a permanent magnet 4 on the permanent magnet tooth 23 adjacent to the armature tooth 22. Thus, a portion of two adjacent stator teeth 100 can jointly form a leakage magnetic circuit. For example, half of the armature tooth 22 near the permanent magnet tooth 23 and half of the permanent magnet tooth 23 near the armature tooth 22 can jointly form a complete leakage magnetic circuit.

[0057] Specifically, its leakage flux can be expressed as:

[0058]

[0059] in, It is the magnetomotive force of a permanent magnet. It is a permanent magnet reluctance. For air gap reluctance, For stator slot reluctance.

[0060] It can be seen that when using motors of the same specifications, that is... , and When the values ​​are the same, the motor disclosed herein has a larger magnetic reluctance and a smaller leakage flux.

[0061] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that with the same amount of permanent magnet 4, the motor of this disclosure has a larger no-load magnetic flux, which also verifies that the motor of this disclosure can achieve the technical effect of reducing magnetic leakage.

[0062] In addition, such as Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that at the same rotational speed, the motor of this disclosure has a larger back electromotive force, thereby giving the motor of this disclosure superior performance compared to motors in the related art.

[0063] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a vehicle including the aforementioned motor. This vehicle possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned motor, which will not be elaborated further herein.

[0064] In summary, this disclosure exemplarily illustrates the working principle by which an electric motor can improve the leakage flux phenomenon.

[0065] In this invention, armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23 are alternately arranged along the outer periphery of the stator body 21. Armature teeth 22 are provided with armature windings 3, and permanent magnets 4 are provided at the ends of permanent magnet teeth 23 near the rotor 1. The permanent magnets 4 on each permanent magnet tooth 23 have the same magnetism. Thus, adjacent armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23 can form a complete leakage magnetic circuit with the rotor 1. Since stator slot magnetic resistance can be formed between armature teeth 22 and permanent magnet teeth 23, the total magnetic resistance in the leakage magnetic circuit is increased, and the leakage magnetic flux on the stator 2 side of the motor is reduced. Based on this, the motor of this invention can improve the leakage magnetic phenomenon of the motor to a certain extent, thereby improving the torque output capability of the motor.

[0066] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0067] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0068] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. An electric machine characterized in that, include: Rotor; and The stator includes a stator body, armature teeth with armature windings, and permanent magnet teeth with permanent magnets, the armature teeth and the permanent magnet teeth being arranged adjacently on the stator body and extending toward the rotor.

2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, The permanent magnets on each of the permanent magnet teeth have the same polarity.

3. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, Multiple armature teeth and multiple permanent magnet teeth are arranged alternately in sequence in the circumferential direction of the stator body.

4. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, The permanent magnet is disposed at the end of the permanent magnet tooth facing the rotor and is spaced apart from the rotor.

5. The electric machine of claim 4, wherein, The end of the permanent magnet tooth includes an extension section extending toward the circumferential side, and the permanent magnet tooth is disposed on the extension section.

6. The electric machine of claim 5, wherein, The extension section includes a groove on the side near the rotor, and the permanent magnet is disposed within the groove; or, The extension section is attached to the permanent magnet.

7. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, The armature teeth and the permanent magnet teeth have different extension lengths; Wherein, after the permanent magnet is disposed on the permanent magnet tooth, the sum of the lengths of the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet tooth is approximately the same as the length of the armature tooth.

8. The electric machine of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The armature windings on the multiple armature teeth form a three-phase armature winding.

9. The electric machine of claim 8, wherein, The two adjacent armature teeth are symmetrically arranged about the permanent magnet tooth located between them, and the armature windings on the two adjacent armature teeth are wound in opposite directions.

10. The electric machine of claim 9, wherein, The two adjacent armature teeth are symmetrically arranged with respect to the permanent magnet tooth located between them, and the armature windings on the two adjacent armature teeth are different phase armature windings of the three-phase armature winding.

11. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, The rotor includes a core yoke and core teeth disposed on the core yoke and extending toward the stator. At least a portion of the permanent magnet on each of the permanent magnet teeth can be disposed opposite to at least a portion of the core tooth.

12. The electric machine of claim 11, wherein, The iron core yoke is provided with a plurality of protrusions that extend toward the stator at intervals, and the protrusions form the iron core teeth.

13. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, The rotor is sleeved on the outer periphery of the stator.

14. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The motor included in any one of claims 1-13.

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