Mechanical pea gravel shaping system
By combining crushing, screening, and washing modules, the problems of needle-like and oversized particles in machine-made pea gravel during the blow-fill process are solved, improving the pass rate of pea gravel and construction safety, and achieving environmentally friendly solid-liquid separation and zero emissions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521215625.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-06-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing machine-made pea gravel has a high content of needle-like and flaky particles and oversized particles in the hydraulic filling process, which leads to uneven filling and affects construction efficiency and safety. At the same time, the source of natural pea gravel is insufficient or expensive, and cannot meet the requirements of the hydraulic filling process.
The mechanism-based pea gravel shaping system, consisting of a crushing module, a screening module, and a washing module, includes a crusher, a vibrating screener, and a spraying device. Through crushing, screening, and washing, it separates pea gravel that meets the particle size requirements and achieves solid-liquid separation, reducing the content of needle-like and flaky particles and the phenomenon of oversized particles.
This improved the quality content of pea gravel, ensuring the smoothness and safety of the dredging process, while achieving zero wastewater discharge and environmental protection goals.
Smart Images
Figure CN224388888U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of equipment related to the dredging and filling process, and in particular to a machine-made pea gravel shaping system. Background Technology
[0002] Existing dredging processes often use purchased machine-made pebbles. Machine-made pebbles have a high content of needle-like and flaky particles and serious oversize issues. Although they meet the raw material testing standards, they do not meet the requirements of the pebbles dredging process. The dredging process has extremely high requirements for the particle shape of pebbles. For example, the particle size distribution needs to be within 5~10mm. Oversized pebbles have high flow resistance and do not dredging smoothly. Needle-like and flaky pebbles can easily tear the material conveying hoses, and in the early stages of construction, pipe blockage and bursting frequently occur, affecting the TBM tunneling efficiency and the safety and quality of pebbles dredging. In addition, in some areas, natural pebbles are scarce and expensive, so it is necessary to use machine-made pebbles.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mechanism-based gravel shaping system to shape and screen needle-shaped and ultra-large-sized gravels. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model provides a machine-made pea gravel shaping system, which aims to solve the problem mentioned above that the lack of shaping and screening systems for existing purchased machine-made pea gravel easily leads to oversized pea gravel in the blow-filling process, affecting the blow-filling process, safety and effect.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A mechanism for shaping pea gravel includes a crushing module, a screening module, a washing module, and a sand-water separation module. The crushing module includes a crusher for crushing parent rock to form a mixture. The discharge end of the crushing module is connected to the feed end of the screening module.
[0007] The screening module includes a vibrating screener for grading and screening the mixture into large stones, medium stones, small stones, sand and sewage. The large stones, medium stones and small stones are stored in their respective finished product bins. The vibrating screen of the vibrating screener consists of two overlapping screens. The relative displacement of the screens changes the screen diameter and a detachable fixed fit is formed by fasteners.
[0008] The rinsing module includes a spraying device, which is located inside the vibrating screen.
[0009] Sand and wastewater are sent to the sand-water separation module for solid-liquid separation. The sand-water separation module includes a sand-water separator. After separation, the solid enters the corresponding finished product silo, and the liquid enters the wastewater sedimentation tank.
[0010] Preferably, the crusher is a hammer crusher.
[0011] Preferably, the vibrating screen includes at least three layers of vibrating screens.
[0012] Furthermore, at least the second layer of vibrating screen, namely the vibrating screen of the Zhongshi screening layer, consists of two overlapping screens.
[0013] Furthermore, the overlapping screen structures of the vibrating screens in the same layer are all identical.
[0014] Specifically, the outer edge of the screen is provided with a square outer frame, and a number of square screen holes are evenly provided on the screen inside the outer frame. After the upper screen and the lower screen are completely overlapped, the upper screen slides along one side of the outer frame of the lower screen.
[0015] More specifically, the outer frame is provided with a number of elongated holes at equal intervals, all of which are parallel to the sliding direction of the screen. The elongated holes of the upper screen correspond one-to-one with the elongated holes of the lower screen, and the corresponding elongated holes are all fixed by fasteners.
[0016] In detail, the fastener includes a bolt thread that passes through the corresponding elongated hole. The top and bottom threads of the bolt thread are both fitted with bolt nuts. The top bolt nut presses the pressure plate against the top of the outer frame of the upper screen, and the bottom bolt nut presses the pressure plate against the bottom of the outer frame of the lower screen. The two screens are pressed and fixed between the top and bottom bolt nuts.
[0017] More specifically, washers are provided between the bolts and nuts and the pressure plate, and a pressure-bearing rubber pad is provided between the pressure plate and the outer frame.
[0018] Preferably, the pressure plate located on the upper layer covers the corresponding elongated holes of the upper layer screen.
[0019] Preferably, the large stones have a particle size ≥ 19 mm, 19 mm > the medium stones have a particle size ≥ 10 mm, 10 mm > the small stones have a particle size ≥ 5 mm, and the small stones are the pea gravel required for the dredging process.
[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0021] 1. This utility model reduces the needle-like and flaky content of pea gravel through a crushing module, while reducing oversized gravel and increasing the content of qualified pea gravel. The crushed pea gravel is screened by vibration through a screening module and sprayed by a washing module to separate large stones, medium stones, small stones, sand and sewage. The small stones are the pea gravel that meets the requirements of the dredging process, thereby increasing the content of qualified pea gravel and ensuring that the pea gravel meets the requirements of the dredging process.
[0022] 2. The vibrating screen of the screening module uses two overlapping screens. The screen holes of the upper screen are formed by the cooperation and cross-over of the screen holes of the lower screen, resulting in a denser screen with a smaller screen diameter, which further improves the screening effect. Furthermore, the screen diameter can be changed within a certain range by changing the relative position, which has a certain applicability.
[0023] 3. During the screening process of sand and gravel, pressurized spray water is used to wash away stone powder, soil and other light impurities in the sand and gravel, further improving the production quality of pea gravel.
[0024] 4. Wastewater from production is treated through multiple stages of sedimentation in a wastewater sedimentation tank to meet discharge standards before being discharged, achieving the environmental protection goal of zero pollutant discharge. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system connection of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the overlapping screens in the vibrating screen of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the fastener of the screen of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the fasteners of the screen of this utility model;
[0029] In the picture: 1. Crusher;
[0030] 2. Vibrating screen; 21. Screen mesh; 211. Outer frame; 212. Screen holes; 213. Long slots; 22. Fasteners; 221. Bolts and threaded rods; 222. Bolts and nuts; 223. Washers; 224. Pressure plate; 225. Pressure-bearing rubber pads;
[0031] 3. Spraying device; 4. Sand-water separator; 5. Finished product silo; 6. Sewage sedimentation tank. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The embodiments will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0033] like Figures 1-4 As shown in the preferred embodiment 1, a mechanism for shaping pea gravel includes a crushing module, a screening module, a washing module and a sand-water separation module. The crushing module includes a crusher 1, which is used to crush the parent rock to form a mixture. The discharge end of the crushing module is connected to the feed end of the screening module.
[0034] The screening module includes a vibrating screen 2, which is used to classify and screen the mixture into large stones, medium stones, small stones, sand and sewage. The large stones, medium stones and small stones are stored in the corresponding finished product bins 5. The vibrating screen of the vibrating screen 2 consists of two overlapping screens 21. The relative displacement of the screens 21 changes the screen diameter and a detachable fixed fit is formed by fasteners 22.
[0035] The rinsing module includes a spraying device 3, which is installed inside the vibrating screen 2;
[0036] Sand and wastewater are sent to the sand-water separation module for solid-liquid separation. The sand-water separation module includes a sand-water separator 4. After separation, the solid enters the corresponding finished product silo 5, and the liquid enters the wastewater sedimentation tank 6.
[0037] Preferably, the purchased parent rock is unloaded by a dump truck. The parent rock is then fed into the crusher 1 of the crushing module by a loader for crushing and shaping to reduce the content of needle-like and flaky particles. The shaped mixture is then fed into the screening module by a belt conveyor. It is then screened by a vibrating screen 2 and a spraying device 3 of the washing module, with simultaneous spraying and vibration. The mixture is divided into large stones, medium stones, small stones, sand, and wastewater. Large and medium stones are difficult to use in the hydraulic filling process and are transported by a loader to the corresponding finished product bins 5 for collection as spare coarse aggregate. Small stones are pea gravel that can meet the requirements of the hydraulic filling process and are transported by a loader to the corresponding finished product bins 5 for collection. The sand and wastewater are separated into solid and liquid by the sand-water separator 4 of the sand-water separation module. The separated solid is medium sand, which is conveyed by a screw conveyor and then transported by a loader to the corresponding finished product bins 5. The wastewater is fed into a wastewater sedimentation tank 6 through a wastewater ditch for multi-stage sedimentation. It is discharged after meeting the discharge standards, achieving the environmental goal of zero pollutant discharge.
[0038] In a preferred embodiment 2, the crusher 1 is a hammer crusher. After the material enters the impact zone of the hammer and is crushed, it is thrown towards the impact device for further crushing. This secondary impact crushing process helps to control the content of needle-like and flaky particles in the gravel.
[0039] Preferably, the crusher 1 can be a PF4008 impact crusher, and the vibrating screen 2 can be a 3YA1230 vibrating screen with three layers.
[0040] As a preferred embodiment 3, the vibrating screen 2 includes at least three layers of vibrating screens to meet the requirements of tiered screening and avoid the presence of oversized gravel in the pebbles during the blow-filling process.
[0041] As a preferred embodiment 4, at least the second layer of vibrating screen, i.e. the vibrating screen of the medium stone screening layer, consists of two overlapping screens 21. Because it is necessary to avoid the small stones from exceeding the required particle size, it is essential to ensure that the medium stones pass through a screen with denser mesh. Therefore, the boulders process requires gravel, meaning that the stage before the small stones must be densely screened to ensure the screening effect and prevent the gravel required for the boulders process from exceeding the required particle size.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment 5, the overlapping screens 21 of the vibrating screens in the same layer all have the same structure. This facilitates the formation of a more uniform and denser screen aperture after stacking.
[0043] The above is just one application scenario. For a denser effect, the structures of the upper and lower screens 21 can also be different. The specific choice depends on the usage requirements. For example, the upper screen 21 can use a screen with a larger screen hole size, and the lower screen 21 can use a screen with a smaller screen hole size. The screen holes of the lower screen 21 and the upper screen 21 overlap to form a denser and smaller screen hole.
[0044] As a preferred embodiment 6, the outer edge of the screen 21 is provided with a square outer frame 211, and the screen 21 inside the outer frame 211 is provided with a plurality of square screen holes 212 evenly. After the upper screen 21 and the lower screen 21 are completely overlapped, the upper screen 21 slides along one side of the outer frame 211 of the lower screen 21.
[0045] After being separated by the lower sieve holes 212, the upper sieve holes 212 will form two smaller sieve holes 212. Without changing the area much, the sieve holes are densified, and the size is easy to control. All the larger sieve holes 212 are the same size, and the smaller sieve holes 212 are also the same size.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment 7, the outer frame 211 is provided with a plurality of elongated holes 213 at equal intervals. All elongated holes 213 are parallel to the sliding direction of the screen 21. The elongated holes 213 of the upper screen 21 correspond one-to-one with those of the lower screen 21, and the corresponding elongated holes 213 are all fixed by fasteners 22. This ensures both sliding and fixing.
[0047] In a preferred embodiment 8, the fastener 22 includes a bolt 221 that passes through the corresponding elongated hole 213. The top and bottom threads of the bolt 221 are both fitted with bolt nuts 222. The top bolt nuts 222 press the pressure plate 224 against the top of the outer frame 211 of the upper screen 21, and the bottom bolt nuts 222 press the pressure plate 224 against the bottom of the outer frame 211 of the lower screen 21. The two screens 21 are pressed and fixed between the top and bottom bolt nuts 222, ensuring sliding and fixation.
[0048] As a preferred embodiment 9, washers 223 are provided between the bolt nut 222 and the pressure plate 224 to enhance the fixing effect of the bolt nut 222 and the pressure plate 224. A pressure-bearing rubber pad 225 is provided between the pressure plate 224 and the outer frame 211 to enhance the fixing effect between the pressure plate 224 and the outer frame 211.
[0049] In a preferred embodiment 10, the pressure plate 224 located on the upper layer covers the corresponding elongated holes 213 of the upper layer screen 21 to prevent pebbles from entering the elongated holes 213.
[0050] In a preferred embodiment 11, the large stones have a particle size ≥ 19 mm, 19 mm > medium stones have a particle size ≥ 10 mm, 10 mm > small stones have a particle size ≥ 5 mm, and the small stones are pea gravel. Taking this screening condition as an example, at least the medium stones need to be screened using an overlapping screen, and the maximum aperture of the overlapping, densely packed screen does not exceed 10 mm.
[0051] As a preferred embodiment 12, the spraying device 3 is a common existing spraying component, consisting of a water storage tank, a water pump and a pressurized spraying pipe. During the sand and gravel screening process, pressurized spraying water is used to wash away stone powder, mud and other light impurities in the sand and gravel, further improving the production quality of pea gravel.
[0052] The working principle of this utility model:
[0053] 1. This utility model reduces the needle-like and flaky content of pea gravel through a crushing module, while reducing the particle size and increasing the content of qualified pea gravel. The crushed pea gravel is screened by vibration through a screening module and sprayed by a washing module to separate large stones, medium stones, small stones, sand and sewage. The small stones are the pea gravel that meets the requirements of the dredging process, thereby increasing the content of qualified pea gravel and making the pea gravel meet the requirements of the dredging process.
[0054] 2. The vibrating screen 2 of the screening module uses two overlapping screens 21. The screen holes of the upper screen 21 are formed by the cooperation and cross-overlap of the screen holes of the lower screen 21 to form denser screen holes with smaller screen diameter, which further improves the screening effect. Furthermore, the screen hole diameter can be changed within a certain range by changing the relative position, which has a certain applicability.
[0055] 3. During the screening process of sand and gravel, pressurized spray water from spray device 3 is used to wash away stone powder, soil and other light impurities in the sand and gravel, further improving the production quality of pea gravel.
[0056] 4. Wastewater from production undergoes a six-stage sedimentation treatment process in a wastewater sedimentation tank before being discharged to meet emission standards, achieving the environmental protection goal of zero pollutant discharge.
Claims
1. A mechanism for shaping pea gravel, comprising a crushing module, a screening module, a washing module, and a sand-water separation module, characterized in that, The crushing module includes a crusher (1) for crushing the parent rock to form a mixture, and the discharge end of the crushing module is connected to the feed end of the screening module. The screening module includes a vibrating screen (2) for grading and screening the mixture into large stones, medium stones, small stones and sand and sewage. The large stones, medium stones and small stones are stored in the corresponding finished product bins (5). The vibrating screen of the vibrating screen (2) consists of two overlapping screens (21). The relative displacement of the screens (21) changes the screen diameter and forms a detachable fixed fit through fasteners (22). The rinsing module includes a spraying device (3), which is located inside the vibrating screen (2); Sand and sewage are sent to the sand-water separation module for solid-liquid separation. The sand-water separation module includes a sand-water separator (4). After separation, the solid enters the corresponding finished product silo (5), and the liquid enters the sewage sedimentation tank (6).
2. The mechanism-based pebble shaping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crusher (1) is a hammer crusher.
3. The mechanism-based pebble shaping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating screen (2) includes at least three layers of vibrating screens.
4. The mechanism-based pebble shaping system according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least the second layer of vibrating screen, namely the vibrating screen of the Zhongshi screening layer, consists of two overlapping screens (21).
5. The mechanism-based pea gravel shaping system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The overlapping screens (21) of the vibrating screens in the same layer all have the same structure.
6. The mechanism-based pebble shaping system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer edge of the screen (21) is provided with a square outer frame (211). The screen (21) inside the outer frame (211) is provided with a number of square screen holes (212). After the upper screen (21) and the lower screen (21) completely overlap, the upper screen (21) slides along one side of the outer frame (211) of the lower screen (21).
7. The mechanism-based pebble shaping system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer frame (211) is provided with a number of elongated holes (213) at equal intervals. The elongated holes (213) are all parallel to the sliding direction of the screen (21). The elongated holes (213) of the upper screen (21) correspond one-to-one with the elongated holes (213) of the lower screen (21), and the corresponding elongated holes (213) are all fixed by fasteners (22).
8. The mechanism-based pebble shaping system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fastener (22) includes a bolt (221) that passes through the corresponding elongated hole (213). The top and bottom of the bolt (221) are threaded with bolt nuts (222). The top bolt nut (222) presses the pressure plate (224) against the top of the outer frame (211) of the upper screen (21), and the bottom bolt nut (222) presses the pressure plate (224) against the bottom of the outer frame (211) of the lower screen (21). The two screens (21) are pressed and fixed between the top and bottom bolt nuts (222).
9. A machine-made pebble shaping system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Washers (223) are provided between the bolts and nuts (222) and the pressure plate (224). A pressure-bearing rubber pad (225) is provided between the pressure plate (224) and the outer frame (211). The pressure plate (224) located on the upper layer covers the corresponding elongated holes (213) of the upper screen (21).
10. A machine-made pebble shaping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large stones have a particle size ≥ 19 mm, 19 mm > medium stones have a particle size ≥ 10 mm, and 10 mm > small stones have a particle size ≥ 5 mm.