A smart fast emergency power supply system with intelligent battery cells

Abstract

This application discloses an intelligent fast emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit, relating to the field of modern power electronics technology. The system is centered on an inductive intelligent module X34 that monitors short circuits at the output terminal and a smart battery unit IIU. Its supporting architecture includes an intelligent controller IPo, a composite fast switch Cf, a mains direct transmission branch Dt, and an emergency fault branch Ae. Supporting components include monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, IA3, and an output switch S2. Under the combined action of IPo, X34, and the internal switches of IIU, this system prevents the battery inverter branch from supplying power to short-circuit loads. Even if IPo experiences a temporary malfunction, there will be no failure in battery temperature control or protection. Even if the battery fails to discharge for an extended period, there will be no internal caking or scaling. Therefore, the safety and reliability of this system are unaffected by various interference factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of modern power electronics technology, and in particular to an intelligent fast emergency power supply system with a smart battery cell. Background Technology

[0002] Although the "Intelligent Fast Emergency Power System (ISPS)" (hereinafter referred to as "Standard ISPS") based on the standard "T / ASC 04-2019" has changed the dangerous "foolproof" charging and discharging mode of UPS power supplies, avoided the high temperature of the supporting batteries, and changed the structure that inevitably leads to system crashes or damage due to load short circuits, the Standard ISPS still has some shortcomings in its battery control and protection measures. The main shortcomings are: 1) At the moment of load short circuit, if the intelligent controller IPo experiences a temporary abnormality due to strong electromagnetic interference from the short circuit and the load-side protection switch fails to trip, it will cause the Standard ISPS incoming switch or upstream switch to trip and disconnect power, triggering the Standard ISPS to be forced to trip under the cascading effect. 1) The output conversion program is started, which eventually causes the battery inverter branch to supply power to the short-circuited load, causing the battery to collapse or catch fire; 2) In places with a lot of strong interference signals, long-term accumulation of interference information will cause the intelligent controller IPo to have a risk of momentary abnormality. The abnormality of the intelligent controller IPo will cause the temperature control and protection functions of the battery to malfunction. If the intelligent controller IPo malfunctions at the moment when the temperature control and protection functions of the battery need to be activated, the battery will be overheated and the probability of damage will increase; 3) If the battery periodic discharge maintenance function malfunctions, causing the battery to only be charged for a long time without any discharge, it will cause the battery to clump or scale inside, resulting in a shortened battery life or performance degradation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an Intelligent Rapid Emergency Power Supply System (ISPS) with a smart battery unit. Through the combined action of the intelligent controller IPo, the inductive intelligent module X34 for monitoring load short-circuit faults, and the internal switching mechanism of the smart battery unit, this system prevents the battery inverter branch from supplying power to the short-circuit load. Even if the intelligent controller IPo temporarily malfunctions, there will be no failure in battery temperature control and protection. Even if the battery fails to discharge for a long period, there will be no internal caking or scaling. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the ISPS with the smart battery unit in this application are unaffected by various interference factors.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution:

[0005] This application provides an intelligent fast emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit. The system is based on an inductive intelligent module X34 for monitoring load short circuit information added to the output of a standard ISPS and a smart battery unit IIU with intelligent charging, intelligent discharging, intelligent temperature control and intelligent protection and maintenance functions. The system is supported by a smart controller IPo, a composite fast switch Cf, a mains direct transmission branch Dt and an abnormal emergency branch Ae. The system is equipped with parameter monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, IA3 and output switch S2 as supporting components.

[0006] The inductive intelligent module X34 is installed near the power line at the output or load input end of the system to detect short-circuit faults on the load side; the positive and negative terminals of the intelligent battery unit IIU are connected to the positive and negative busbars between the surge-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the abnormal emergency branch Ae; when the intelligent charger in IIU is an AC input power source, its power line is directly connected to the system input side; the connections of each support unit are made in accordance with the technical requirements of the standard ISPS.

[0007] In one embodiment, the intelligent battery unit IIU specifically includes: a battery pack Ec, a battery online protection module BP, a negative pulse module Pm, a charger Ic, a charging module Ib, a discharge switch Ia, and a discharge switch KA;

[0008] The discharge output terminal of the intelligent battery unit IIU is connected to the DC power supply between the impact-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the abnormal emergency branch Ae. The control terminals of the discharge switches Ia and KA are connected to the intelligent module X34 and the intelligent controller IPo, which monitor load short-circuit faults, via control signal lines. The control terminals of the charging module Ib, the negative pulse module Pm, the charger Ic, and the battery online protection module BP are all connected to the control signal lines of the intelligent controller IPo to control the intelligent mutual backup and switching of the main and backup paths during intelligent charging and intelligent discharging, control the mutual backup and switching between the initial charging path and the float charging path, and control the battery over-temperature protection, negative pulse maintenance, and forced shutdown of the discharge switch when there is a short circuit on the load side.

[0009] In one embodiment, the intelligence module X34 is a magnetic field sensing or electric field sensing power electronic chip, module or instrument, or a finished product such as a magnetic saturation alarm, which is embedded with analysis and judgment functions. It can quickly sense sudden information in the circuit and output an alarm level signal. The alarm level signal can be transmitted to the intelligent controller IPo as an interrupt request level, or it can directly link to shut down the discharge switch in the intelligent battery unit IIU.

[0010] In one embodiment, the intelligent controller IPo is selected from one of the following: a microcontroller, a microcomputer, an industrial control computer, a programmable sequence controller, or an intelligent instrument with embedded computer functions; or it can directly select a power electronic module or chip-type intelligent component with similar functions. The control signal line of the intelligent controller IPo is connected to the intelligent module X34, monitoring instruments IA and IA2, monitoring instruments IA1 and IA3, contactless switches I1 and I2 and contact switches Q1 and Q2 in the composite fast switch Cf, the impact-resistant rectifier RU, the enhanced inverter ELn, the filter LC in the abnormal emergency branch Ae, the battery protection module BP, the negative pulse generator Pm in the intelligent battery unit IIU, the intelligent charger Ic, the initial charging main switch Ib, and the discharge switches Ia and KA.

[0011] In one embodiment, the composite fast switch Cf is composed of composite switch ICS1 and composite switch ICS2; wherein composite switch ICS1 is composed of a contact switch Q1 and a contactless switch I1 connected in parallel; and composite switch ICS2 is composed of a contact switch Q2 and a contactless switch I2 connected in parallel; the contact switches Q1 and Q2 are electromechanical switches such as contactors, relays, magnetic saturation relays, or electric load switches; the contactless switches I1 and I2 are power MOS, IGBT, IPM, IGCT, IEBT, or gallium nitride or silicon carbide dual-control power electronic switches.

[0012] In one embodiment, the abnormal emergency branch Ae consists of an impulse-resistant rectifier RU, an enhanced inverter ELn, and a filter LC connected in series. For the condition where there is no impact on the load current during an abnormal emergency, the impulse-resistant rectifier RU is replaced by a regular rectifier device or module. For the condition where there is no load overload during the emergency output, the enhanced inverter ELn is replaced by a regular inverter device or module.

[0013] This application provides an Intelligent Rapid Emergency Power Supply System (ISPS) with a smart battery unit. It primarily integrates and improves upon the standard ISPS's battery and monitoring unit BM, intelligent charger Ic, and battery online protection module BP. By supplementing relevant components and adding an inductive intelligent module X34 for monitoring load short circuits, a new energy storage unit with intelligent functions, namely the smart battery unit IIU, is constructed, thus forming the ISPS with a smart battery unit as described in this application. The ISPS with a smart battery unit is centered on the inductive intelligent module X34 and the smart battery unit IIU, supported by an intelligent controller IPo, a composite fast switch Cf, an emergency fault branch Ae, and a direct mains power transmission branch Dt. It is further supported by monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, IA3, an incoming line switch K01, and an output switch S2. The discharge switch within the smart battery unit IIU can be arbitrarily turned on and off by the intelligent controller IPo, and can also be turned off in conjunction with an alarm signal from the intelligent module X34. Under the combined action of the intelligent controller IPo, the inductive intelligent module X34, and the various switching mechanisms within the intelligent battery unit IIU, even in the extremely rare case of a temporary malfunction of the intelligent controller IPo, the battery inverter branch will not supply power to a short-circuit load, nor will the battery temperature control and protection malfunction; even if the battery remains undischarged for a long period, internal caking or scaling will not occur. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the ISPS described in this application are unaffected by various interference factors.

[0014] The ISPS with intelligent battery unit provided in this application is an integrated energy storage unit (ISS) with a smart battery unit. It adds an intelligent module X34 for monitoring load short-circuit information to the output of a standard ISPS. Simultaneously, it integrates and improves the battery and monitoring unit BM, charger Ic, and battery online protection module BP of the standard ISPS, and adds related components to construct a new integrated energy storage unit with intelligent functions such as intelligent charging, intelligent discharging, intelligent temperature control, intelligent protection, intelligent maintenance, and mutual backup of charging / discharging paths and switches. This is the intelligent battery unit IIU, which transforms a standard ISPS into the ISPS with intelligent battery unit described in this application. This application uses the inductive intelligent module X34 for monitoring load short circuits and the intelligent battery unit IIU as its core, with the intelligent controller IPo, the composite fast switch Cf, the emergency branch Ae, and the mains direct transmission branch Dt as supporting units, and monitoring instruments IA, IA1IA2, IA3IA3, input switch K01, and output switch S2 as supporting components.

[0015] The intelligent module X34, installed at the input or output end of the output switch S2, is a photoelectric or electromagnetic induction semiconductor device. It can be various power electronic devices, modules, or chips, including but not limited to current transformers, electromagnetic field sensors, Hall effect sensors, and other semiconductor switches or modules. The finished product can also be a semiconductor module or instrument that can convert induction information into a switching level. Its function is to monitor short-circuit information at the output end. At the moment short-circuit information is detected, while transmitting the signal to the intelligent controller IPo, it also delays (the time is adjustable) to send the signal to the discharge switches KA and Ia, thereby ensuring that KA and Ia can automatically shut down even if they do not receive the IPo self-control signal, so as to prevent the battery pack from supplying power to the short-circuit load.

[0016] The intelligent controller IPo functions to control the orderly operation of the system in three modes: direct mains power output mode, abnormal emergency output mode, and battery inverter emergency power supply mode; determine the timing of transitions between various power supply modes and control rapid transitions between them; monitor the operating status of all controlled components, modules, and units; monitor the information from the intelligent module X34 and monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, and IA3; and control the shutdown of the enhanced inverter ELn and discharge switches KA and Ia upon receiving short-circuit information from the intelligent module X34. Its control signal lines connect to all monitored units, components, modules, switches, and instruments within the system. Finished products include, but are not limited to, microcontrollers, industrial control computers, microcomputers, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), or automated instruments with embedded computer functions.

[0017] The composite fast switch consists of composite switches ICS1 and ICS2. ICS1 is composed of a contact switch Q1 and a contactless switch I1 connected in parallel, while ICS2 is composed of a contact switch Q2 and a contactless switch I2 connected in parallel. Q1 and Q2 are used to continuously carry current in mains direct power output mode, abnormal emergency output mode, or battery inverter emergency power supply mode, and are electric electromechanical switches, including but not limited to contactors, relays, magnetic saturation relays, or electric load switches. The contactless switches I1 and I2 are used to carry current instantaneously during the transition between mains direct power supply and abnormal emergency power supply, and are finished products of dual-control power electronic switches, including but not limited to power MOS, IGBT, IPM, IGCT, IEBT, gallium nitride, or silicon carbide power semiconductor devices.

[0018] The mains direct transmission branch Dt consists only of a standard switch S1 and associated wires, serving as part of the mains direct transmission output mode channel under normal conditions. The mains direct transmission output mode refers to the mains power being introduced through the incoming switch K01, then directly connected to the composite switch ICS1 within the composite fast circuit breaker Cf via S1, and the output switch S2 to supply power to the load. Specifically, the input terminal of S1 is directly connected to the output terminal of K01, and the output terminal of S1 is directly connected to the input terminal of the composite switch ICS1 within Cf (and the parallel input terminals of the contactless switch I1 and the contact switch Q1). The output terminal of ICS1 (i.e., the parallel output terminal of I1 and Q1) is connected to the input terminal of S2.

[0019] The emergency branch Ae consists of an impulse-resistant rectifier RU, an enhanced inverter ELn, and a filter LC connected in series, serving as part of the emergency output mode channel. The emergency output mode refers to the mode where mains power is introduced through the incoming switch K01, flows along Ae through RU, ELn, and LC, passes through the composite switch ICS2 within the composite fast switch Cf, and finally supplies power to the load via the output switch S2. This is also a transitional power supply mode used by the intelligent controller IPo to control the ISPS to switch from direct mains power supply mode to battery inverter emergency power supply mode based on "severe parameter anomaly" information.

[0020] The battery inverter emergency power supply mode refers to the mode in which the intelligent controller IPo controls the ISPS to switch to the abnormal emergency output mode according to the "severe parameter abnormality" information, and then shuts down the surge-resistant rectifier RU, and the battery DC replaces RU to provide DC power to the enhanced inverter ELn.

[0021] Optionally, the abnormal emergency branch Ae can be replaced by an inverter branch in power supply equipment such as UPS, EPS, standard ISPS or frequency converter.

[0022] The normal parameter monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, and IA3 are modern automated instruments, intelligent instruments, or intelligent modules, and can be DDC-III or DDC-IV type automated instruments or other types of modern intelligent instruments. In this application, the normal parameter monitoring instrument IA is used to monitor dynamic parameters such as current, voltage, active power, reactive power, power factor, battery voltage, and charging current; monitoring instrument IA2 is used to monitor emergency inverter output parameters; and monitoring instruments IA1 and IA3 are used to monitor "severe parameter anomaly" information representing an impending power outage. The display devices of each instrument can be installed on the ISPS cabinet, and the primary modules can be installed inside the cabinet. Specific wiring should follow industry standard practices or conventional practices as required by the technical specifications.

[0023] The intelligent battery unit IIU, as the core unit of this application, consists of a battery pack Ec, a battery online protection module BP, a negative pulse module Pm, a charger Ic, a charging module Ib, and discharge switches KA and Ia. The discharge terminal of IIU is connected to the DC power supply between the surge-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the emergency branch Ae. The discharge switches KA and Ia are connected in parallel. Its controlled point is connected to the short-circuit intelligent module X34 through the "short-circuit linkage control line" and to the intelligent controller IPo through the control signal line. The charging module Ib, the negative pulse module Pm, the charger Ic, and the battery online protection module BP are interconnected through intelligent interlocking signal lines and are all connected to the control signal lines of the intelligent controller IPo.

[0024] In the intelligent battery unit IIU, the battery pack Ec refers to a lead-acid battery pack or a lithium battery pack and a monitoring system; the charging module Ib is a DC input intelligent pulse width chopper charging module, mainly used for initial charging and intermediate charging of battery packs that have been deeply discharged or newly put into operation. In the event of a charger Ic failure, the charging module Ib can perform full charging of the battery pack (initial charging, intermediate charging, and float charging) until the charger Ic returns to normal. The start and stop of charging of the Ib module are mainly controlled by the intelligent controller IPo. In the event of a temporary malfunction of the intelligent controller IPo, automatic control can be activated after a delay. The charger Ic is an intelligent three-stage charging device. Its charging power is smaller than that of the charging module Ib. It is mainly used to replace the charging module Ib in the later stages of intermediate charging to supplement and float charge the battery pack. However, in the event of a failure of the charging module Ib, it can also independently complete the full charging of the battery pack (initial charging, intermediate charging, and float charging). The start or stop of charging the battery by the charger Ic is mainly controlled by the intelligent controller IPo. In the event of a temporary malfunction of the intelligent controller IPo, automatic control can be activated automatically.

[0025] The discharge switch Ia is a contactless, dual-control power electronic switch used for rapid on / off control of the battery discharge circuit; the discharge switch KA is an electromechanical conductor switch used to continuously carry the load current during battery discharge; the battery online protection module BP is an online battery protector, an intelligent power electronic chip, module, or intelligent instrument with embedded temperature and voltage monitoring functions, which can divide the monitored temperature and voltage into multiple alarm signals. The temperature alarm signals of the battery online protection module BP required in this application are divided into three levels: constant temperature (used to adjust the duty cycle of the charging pulse), limited temperature (used to activate the intermittent charging function), and over-temperature (used to request a suspension of charging); while the voltage signals are divided into two levels: depletion period voltage (for new batteries that have not been charged or batteries that have been deeply discharged) and float charge voltage (indicating that the battery is in the later stage of intermediate charging); the negative pulse module Pm is a power electronic switch circuit with embedded intelligent software, which can control the battery temperature rise and prevent internal scaling and caking of the battery by releasing a switching negative pulse (discharge pulse) to the battery.

[0026] The intelligent principle of the intelligent battery unit IIU (see Appendix) Figure 2 )as follows:

[0027] 1) Basic functions and mutual backup functions of the charging module Ib and charger Ic: A. When the battery pack is put into operation during the low-power period, the DC input charging module Ib automatically enters the initial charging stage of the battery. As the battery voltage increases, it automatically enters the intermediate charging stage. When the battery pack is charged to more than 90%, the charging module Ib automatically shuts down and the intelligent charger starts, with the charger Ic taking over from the charging module Ib to continue charging the battery until it is fully charged, after which it automatically enters the intermittent supplementary charging mode; B. If the voltage of the battery at the time of input is in the intermediate stage (the battery is not low-power but has not reached the end of the intermediate charging stage), the charging module Ib automatically performs intermediate charging on the battery until it reaches 90%, at which point the charger Ic continues charging. C. If the battery voltage exceeds 90% of the nominal value at the time of connection, the charging module Ib will not start, and the charger Ic will automatically start charging the battery pack until it switches to float charging and is fully charged; D. If the charging module Ib malfunctions and cannot work properly, the charger Ic will automatically take over from the charging module Ib to charge the battery for the entire process; E. If the charger Ic malfunctions and cannot charge the battery properly, the charging module Ib will automatically enter charging mode and independently charge the battery pack for the entire process; F. The automatic start, automatic switching, and automatic interlocking functions of the charging module Ib and the charger Ic are all delayed. The time limit is determined by the instruction of the intelligent controller IPo, that is, it will only enter the automatic state if the intelligent controller IPo is temporarily malfunctioning.

[0028] 2) The interaction between discharge switches KA and Ia: A. At the start of discharge, discharge switch Ia is turned on first, followed by discharge switch KA closing, and discharge switch Ia is turned off, with discharge switch KA continuously carrying the discharge current; B. If it is necessary to suddenly terminate the discharge during the discharge process, discharge switch Ia is turned on first, then discharge switch KA is turned off, and finally discharge switch Ia is turned off to prevent DC arcing from causing an accident; C. If a load short circuit occurs during the battery inverter emergency, and the intelligent controller IPo is functioning normally, then the intelligent controller IPo will shut down the enhanced inverter, then control the turning on of discharge switch Ia and the turning off of discharge switch KA, and then shut down discharge switch Ia. If IPo malfunctions at this moment, the load short circuit alarm signal will force a sequential linkage (inverter shutdown). A. If a short circuit fault occurs in the mains direct power transmission mode, the system will block the short circuit current in the following sequence: "Impact-resistant rectifier off → Inverter off → Discharge switch Ia on → Discharge switch KA off → Discharge switch Ia off"; If a short circuit fault occurs in the battery inverter emergency power supply mode, the system will block the short circuit current in the following sequence: "Inverter off → Discharge switch Ia on → Discharge switch KA off → Discharge switch Ia off"; E. If IPo is normal at the moment a short circuit fault occurs on the load side, the short circuit current blocking procedure will be completed by IPo control; If IPo is abnormal at the moment a short circuit fault occurs on the load side, the short circuit current blocking procedure will be completed by the alarm signal linkage mechanism.

[0029] 3) The functions of the battery online protection module BP are as follows: A. To monitor the battery temperature in real time and transmit the data to the intelligent controller IPo; B. When the battery temperature reaches the set "constant temperature" value, to simultaneously send a "constant temperature" alarm signal to the intelligent controller IPo, the charging module Ib, and the charger IC. If the intelligent controller IPo is functioning normally at this time, it will control and adjust the duty cycle of the charging pulse of the charging module Ib or the charger IC according to the constant temperature signal. If the intelligent controller IPo malfunctions at this time, the constant temperature alarm signal of the battery online protection module BP can be linked with the charging module Ib or the charger IC, which is in the charging state, to automatically change the duty cycle of the charging pulse to alleviate the battery temperature rise; C. If the battery pack temperature rises to the set "limit temperature" value, the battery online protection module BP will simultaneously send a "limit temperature" alarm signal to the intelligent controller IPo, the charging module Ib, or the charger IC. If the intelligent controller IPo is functioning normally at this time, it will control the charging module Ib or the charger IC, which is working in pulse charging mode. The system switches to intermittent pulse charging mode and simultaneously activates the negative pulse module Pm, which releases negative pulses to cool the battery during charging intervals, further mitigating temperature rise. If the intelligent controller IPo malfunctions at this time, the charging module Ib or charger Ic will automatically enter intermittent pulse mode under the chain reaction of the "temperature limit" alarm signal, and simultaneously activate the negative pulse module Pm to release negative pulses to cool the battery during charging intervals. D. If the battery temperature rises continuously and exceeds the safe value during intermittent charging, the battery online protection module BP will simultaneously send a termination charging request signal to the intelligent controller IPo, the charging module Ib, and the charger Ic. If the intelligent controller IPo is normal at this time, it will control the charging module Ib and the charger Ic to terminate charging. If the intelligent controller IPo temporarily malfunctions at this time, the charging module Ib and the charger Ic will automatically terminate charging and exit the charging state under the chain reaction of the battery online protection module BP's termination charging request signal, until the battery temperature returns to the set value range.

[0030] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed:

[0031] Technical Effect 1: By adding an intelligent module X34 to the output terminal for monitoring short-circuit faults, the intelligent controller IPo can shut down the enhanced inverter and the discharge switches KA and Ia of the battery discharge path during the existence of short-circuit fault information at the output terminal, thereby preventing the battery from supplying power to the output terminal with short-circuit faults. And it can restore all normal functions the moment the short-circuit information at the output terminal disappears.

[0032] Technical Effect 2: Through the interlocking action between the intelligent module X34 and the discharge switch in the intelligent battery unit, it can be ensured that even if the intelligent controller IPo temporarily malfunctions or becomes abnormal at the moment of a short circuit fault at the output end, the battery discharge switch will be turned off in conjunction with the enhanced inverter ELn until the short circuit signal is eliminated.

[0033] Technical effect 3: By repeatedly setting the charging module Ib and the charger Ic in the intelligent battery unit IIU, it not only ensures the accurate setting and flexible adjustment of parameters in each stage of initial charging, intermediate charging and float charging, but also optimizes the working effect of continuous online charging due to the reduction of the maximum power of the charger Ic. In addition, the charging module Ib and the charger Ic can also be redundant and backup to each other.

[0034] Technical effect 4: Through the interaction of power electronic modules such as the charger IC, battery online protection module BP, and negative pulse module Pm within the intelligent battery unit IIU, the battery is guaranteed not to experience continuous high temperature or overcharging at any stage of charging. This also reduces the probability of internal caking or scaling within the battery, thereby improving the lifespan of the online battery. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of the intelligent rapid emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit provided for this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent battery unit IIU provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0038] This application provides an intelligent fast emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit. The system is based on an inductive intelligent module X34 for monitoring load short circuit information added to the output of a standard ISPS and a smart battery unit IIU with intelligent charging, intelligent discharging, intelligent temperature control and intelligent protection and maintenance functions. The system is supported by a smart controller IPo, a composite fast switch Cf, a mains direct transmission branch Dt and an abnormal emergency branch Ae. The system is equipped with parameter monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, IA3 and output switch S2 as supporting components.

[0039] The inductive intelligent module X34 is installed near the power line at the output or load input end of the system to detect short-circuit faults on the load side; the positive and negative terminals of the intelligent battery unit IIU are connected to the positive and negative busbars between the surge-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the abnormal emergency branch Ae; when the intelligent charger in IIU is an AC input power source, its power line is directly connected to the system input side; the connections of each support unit are made in accordance with the technical requirements of the standard ISPS.

[0040] The intelligent battery unit IIU specifically includes: battery pack Ec, battery online protection module BP, negative pulse module Pm, charger Ic, charging module Ib, discharge switch Ia, and discharge switch KA.

[0041] The discharge output terminal of the intelligent battery unit IIU is connected to the DC power supply between the impact-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the abnormal emergency branch Ae. The control terminals of the discharge switches Ia and KA are connected to the intelligent module X34 and the intelligent controller IPo, which monitor load short-circuit faults, via control signal lines. The control terminals of the charging module Ib, the negative pulse module Pm, the charger Ic, and the battery online protection module BP are all connected to the control signal lines of the intelligent controller IPo to control the intelligent mutual backup and switching of the main and backup paths during intelligent charging and intelligent discharging, control the mutual backup and switching between the initial charging path and the float charging path, and control the battery over-temperature protection, negative pulse maintenance, and forced shutdown of the discharge switch when there is a short circuit on the load side.

[0042] The X34 intelligent module is a magnetic field sensing or electric field sensing power electronic chip, module or instrument, or magnetic saturation alarm product with embedded analysis and judgment functions. It can quickly sense sudden information in the circuit and output an alarm level signal. The alarm level signal can be transmitted to the intelligent controller IPo as an interrupt request level, or it can directly link to shut down the discharge switch in the intelligent battery unit IIU.

[0043] The intelligent controller IPo is selected from one of the following: microcontroller, microcomputer, industrial control computer, programmable sequence controller, or intelligent instrument with embedded computer functions, or directly selects a power electronic module or chip-type intelligent component with similar functions. The control signal line of the intelligent controller IPo is connected to the intelligent module X34, monitoring instruments IA and IA2, monitoring instruments IA1 and IA3, contactless switches I1 and I2 and contact switches Q1 and Q2 in the composite fast switch Cf, the impact-resistant rectifier RU, the enhanced inverter ELn, the filter LC in the abnormal emergency branch Ae, the battery protection module BP in the intelligent battery unit IIU, the negative pulse generator Pm, the intelligent charger Ic, the initial charging main switch Ib, and the discharge switches Ia and KA.

[0044] The composite fast circuit breaker Cf consists of composite switch ICS1 and composite switch ICS2; composite switch ICS1 is composed of a contact switch Q1 and a contactless switch I1 connected in parallel; while composite switch ICS2 is composed of a contact switch Q2 and a contactless switch I2 connected in parallel; the contact switches Q1 and Q2 are electromechanical switches such as contactors, relays, magnetic saturation relays, or electric load switches; the contactless switches I1 and I2 are power MOSFETs, IGBTs, IPMs, IGCTs, IEBTs, or gallium nitride or silicon carbide dual-control power electronic switches.

[0045] The emergency branch Ae consists of an impulse-resistant rectifier RU, an enhanced inverter ELn, and a filter LC connected in series. For situations where there is no impact on the load current during an emergency, the impulse-resistant rectifier RU is replaced by a regular rectifier or module. For situations where there is no load overload during the emergency output, the enhanced inverter ELn is replaced by a regular inverter or module.

[0046] 1) Implementation method of the main circuit system (see...) Figure 1 ).

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the mains power IN is introduced through the incoming switch K01 and then splits into two branches: one is the mains direct transmission branch Dt, and the other is the emergency branch Ae. The mains direct transmission branch Dt is led out from the output of the incoming switch K01 and directly connected to the input of the ordinary switch S1. The output of the ordinary switch S1 is directly connected to the input of the composite switch ICS1 inside the composite fast switch Cf. The composite switch ICS1 is composed of a contact switch Q1 and a contactless switch I1 connected in parallel. Therefore, the direct connection of the output of the ordinary switch S1 to the input of the composite switch ICS1 is equivalent to the direct connection to the parallel input of the contact switch Q1 and the contactless switch I1. The emergency branch Ae is led out from the incoming switch K01 and directly connected to the input of the impulse-resistant rectifier RU inside the emergency branch Ae. The output of the impulse-resistant rectifier RU is connected to the input of the enhanced inverter ELn, and simultaneously connected to the smart storage... The discharge interface of battery unit IIU, the output terminal of enhanced inverter ELn is connected to the input terminal of filter LC, the output terminal of filter LC is connected to the input terminal of composite switch ICS2 in composite fast switch Cf, and composite switch ICS2 is composed of contact switch Q2 and contactless switch I2 connected in parallel. Therefore, the output terminal of filter LC connected to the input terminal of composite switch ICS2 is the parallel input terminal connected to contact switch Q2 and contactless switch I2. The output terminals of contactless switch I1, contact switch Q1, contact switch Q2 and contactless switch I2 in composite fast switch Cf are connected in parallel and then connected to the input terminal of output switch S2. The output terminal of output switch S2 is connected to load distribution cabinet AL.

[0048] 2) Implementation methods of the control signal system (see...) Figure 1 ).

[0049] The display panels of the normal parameter monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, and IA3 are mounted on the cabinet of the ISPS with intelligent battery unit of this application. Their positions are not limited. The secondary sensing elements are installed inside the cabinet. The sensing element of the normal parameter monitoring instrument IA1 is placed at the input terminal of the composite switch ICS1 in the composite fast switch Cf; the sensing element of the normal parameter monitoring instrument IA2 is placed at the input terminal of the composite switch ICS2 in the composite fast switch Cf; and the sensing element of the normal parameter monitoring instrument IA3 is placed at the output terminal of the composite fast switch Cf. The wiring of each instrument can follow the industry-standard wiring method. The control signal line of the intelligent controller IPo connects to the information modules of the normal parameter monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, IA3, etc., to the instruments, connects to the contactless switches I1 and I2, connects to the contact switches Q1 and Q2, and also connects to the surge-resistant rectifier RU, the enhanced inverter ELn, the filter LC, and the discharge switches Ia, KA, Ib, Ic, Pm, and BP in the intelligent battery unit IIU, as well as the intelligent module X34 that monitors short-circuit faults on the load side. The intelligent module X34 also connects to the discharge switches Ia, KA, Ib, Ic, Pm, and BP in the intelligent battery unit IIU.

[0050] 3) Implementation method of the intelligent battery unit IIU (see...) Figure 2 ).

[0051] The discharge terminal of the intelligent battery unit IIU is connected to the intermediate DC wire between the surge-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn. Therefore, the output terminals of the contactless discharge switch Ia and the contact discharge switch KA, and the input terminals of the charging module Ib and the charger Ic are connected in parallel between the surge-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the emergency circuit Ae. The input terminals of the discharge switches Ia and KA are connected to the negative terminal of the single-phase diode G, and the positive terminal of the single-phase diode G is connected to the input terminal of the charging module Ib, the input terminal of the negative pulse module Pm, and the positive terminal of the battery pack Ec. The short-circuit signal line of the intelligent module X34 is connected to the control signal lines of the discharge switch Ia, the discharge switch KA, and the intelligent controller IPo. The control levels of all controlled switches, including the discharge switch Ia, the discharge switch KA, the charging module Ib, the charger Ic, and the battery online protection module BP, are connected to the control signal lines of the intelligent controller. The discharge switches Ia and KA are also connected to the output of the intelligent module X34. The linkage signal line of the battery online protection module BP is also connected to the intelligent charger Ic, the negative pulse module Pm, the charging module Ib, and the battery pack Ec.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the charging module Ib and the charger Ic work together. Since the power of the charging module Ib is larger than that of the charger Ic, the initial charging and intermediate charging are mainly carried out by the charging module Ib. When the battery pack is charged to 80%, the charger Ic takes over from the charging module Ib to continue charging until the battery is fully charged. When the charging module Ib is abnormal, the charger Ic completes the full charging of the battery pack (initial charging, intermediate charging and float charging). Conversely, when the charger Ic is abnormal, the charging module Ib completes the full charging of the battery pack (initial charging, intermediate charging and float charging). Regardless of whether it's initial charging, intermediate charging, or float charging, when the battery pack temperature rises to a "constant temperature" value, the battery online protection module BP will send a constant temperature signal to the intelligent controller IPo, the charging module Ib, and the charger IC. Upon receiving the constant temperature signal, the intelligent controller IPo will send a command to the charging module Ib or the charger IC to change the charging pulse duty cycle. The charging module Ib or the charger IC, upon receiving the command from the intelligent controller IPo or the constant temperature signal from the battery online protection module BP, will automatically adjust the charging pulse duty cycle. If the battery temperature rises to a rated value, the battery online protection module BP will simultaneously send a command to the intelligent controller IPo, the charging module Ib, and the charger IC. The charging module Ib and charger Ic send a temperature limiting signal. Upon receiving the temperature limiting signal, the intelligent controller IPo sends a signal to the charging module Ib and charger Ic to change the charging mode. Regardless of whether the charging module Ib and charger Ic receive the signal to change the charging mode from the intelligent controller IPo or the temperature limiting signal from the battery online protection module BP, they will automatically enter intermittent charging mode (the intermittent time can be set according to actual conditions). If the battery pack continues to heat up and reaches the maximum set value during intermittent charging, the battery online protection module BP simultaneously sends a signal to the intelligent controller IPo, the charging module Ib, and the charger Ic to terminate charging, and activates the negative pulse module Pm. Upon receiving the signal to terminate charging, the intelligent controller IPo also sends a command to the charging module Ib and charger Ic to terminate charging. Therefore, due to the existence of the intelligent battery unit IIU, the battery online protection module BP and the intelligent controller IPo are complementary. In other words, if the intelligent controller IPo experiences a temporary malfunction, the charging module Ib and the charger Ic will be controlled by the linkage signal from the battery online protection module BP. Conversely, if the battery online protection module BP malfunctions, the intelligent controller IPo can control the charging module Ib and the charger Ic based on the temperature rise of the battery pack. Normally, the negative pulse module Pm, under the control of the intelligent controller IPo, automatically activates once every 3-6 months to prevent internal battery scaling and fouling.

[0053] The following are several operating modes of the ISPS with intelligent battery cells constructed according to the above-described "implementation method":

[0054] 1) Mains power direct transmission mode: Under normal conditions, the mains power is transmitted directly to the load distribution cabinet AL via the incoming switch K01 through the ordinary switch S1 in the mains power direct transmission branch Dt, the contact switch Q1 in the composite fast circuit breaker Cf, and the output switch S2.

[0055] 2) Abnormal Emergency Output Mode: In the direct mains power transmission mode, upon receiving the "severe parameter abnormality" information from the normal parameter monitoring instruments IA1 and IA3, the intelligent controller IPo immediately switches the system from the direct mains power transmission mode to the abnormal emergency output mode via a "positive conversion" procedure (contactless switch I1 on → contact switch Q1 off → contactless switch I1 off → contactless switch I2 on → contact switch Q2 on → contactless switch I2 off). At this time, the mains power reaches the load distribution cabinet AL via the incoming switch K01 along the abnormal emergency branch Ae, through the impulse-resistant rectifier RU, the enhanced inverter ELn, the filter LC, the contact switch Q2 in the composite fast switch Cf, and the output switch S2.

[0056] 3) Battery pack inverter power supply mode: Whether in the mains direct output mode or the abnormal emergency output mode, when the intelligent controller IPo determines that the mains power is about to fail or detects the "severe abnormal parameter" information, it will quickly open the discharge switch Ia and discharge switch KA, and at the same time shut down the surge-resistant rectifier RU, and control the system to switch to the battery inverter emergency power supply mode until the battery energy is exhausted or the system is manually shut down.

[0057] 4) Restore AC power direct output mode: Regardless of whether it is during the abnormal emergency output mode or the battery inverter output mode, if the intelligent controller IPo detects that the AC power has been restored to normal, it will control the system to seamlessly restore it from the abnormal emergency output mode or the battery inverter output mode to the normal AC power direct output mode through the "negative conversion" procedure (no-contact switch I2 is on, contact switch Q2 is off, no-contact switch I2 is off, no-contact switch I1 is on, contact switch Q1 is on, and no-contact switch I1 is off).

[0058] 5) Load-side short-circuit protection mode: When a short circuit occurs at the load side, the intelligent module X34 will simultaneously transmit short-circuit information to the intelligent controller IPo and the intelligent battery unit IIU. Upon receiving the load-side short-circuit information, the intelligent controller IPo will shut down the enhanced inverter ELn on one hand and issue a shutdown command to the discharge switch Ia and the discharge switch KA on the other. Upon receiving the control command from the intelligent controller IPo or the short-circuit information from the intelligent module X34, the discharge switches Ia and KA will automatically shut down and shield other signals until the output-side short-circuit signal is released.

[0059] 6) Intelligent Operating Mode of the Intelligent Battery Unit IIU: In direct AC power mode, the charging module Ib and charger Ic work together. Since the charging module Ib has relatively high power, it is the primary charger for initial and intermediate charging. When the battery pack is charged to 80%, the charger Ic takes over from the charging module Ib to continue charging until the battery is fully charged. If the charging module Ib malfunctions, the charger Ic completes the entire charging process (initial, intermediate, and float charging). Conversely, if the charger Ic malfunctions, the charging module Ib completes the entire charging process (initial, intermediate, and float charging). Regardless of whether it is initial, intermediate, or float charging, as long as the battery online protection module BP sends an alarm signal (constant temperature, limited temperature, or request to stop charging) to the intelligent controller IPo, the charging module Ib, and the charger Ic, the charging module Ib and the charger Ic will change their charging state or stop charging under the control signal of the intelligent controller IPo or the linkage effect of the alarm signal from the battery online protection module BP. Under normal circumstances, the negative pulse module Pm, under the control of the intelligent controller IPo, automatically turns on once every 3 to 6 months to prevent internal caking and scaling of the battery.

[0060] The ISPS with intelligent battery unit provided in this application can effectively prevent various special types of load short-circuit faults from damaging the inverter enhanced inverter ELn and the battery pack.

[0061] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent fast emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit, characterized in that, The system is centered around an X34 inductive intelligent module for monitoring load short-circuit information added to the output of a standard ISPS and an IIU intelligent battery unit with intelligent charging, intelligent discharging, intelligent temperature control, and intelligent protection and maintenance functions. The supporting architecture consists of an intelligent controller IPo, a composite fast switch Cf, a mains direct transmission branch Dt, and an abnormal emergency branch Ae. The supporting components are parameter monitoring instruments IA, IA1, IA2, IA3 and output switch S2. The inductive intelligent module X34 is installed near the power line at the output or load input end of the system to detect short-circuit faults on the load side; the positive and negative terminals of the intelligent battery unit IIU are connected to the positive and negative busbars between the surge-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the abnormal emergency branch Ae; when the intelligent charger in IIU is an AC input power source, its power line is directly connected to the system input side; the connections of each support unit are made in accordance with the technical requirements of the standard ISPS.

2. The intelligent rapid emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent battery unit IIU specifically includes: battery pack Ec, battery online protection module BP, negative pulse module Pm, charger Ic, charging module Ib, discharge switch Ia, and discharge switch KA; The discharge output terminal of the intelligent battery unit IIU is connected to the DC power supply between the impact-resistant rectifier RU and the enhanced inverter ELn in the abnormal emergency branch Ae. The control terminals of the discharge switches Ia and KA are connected to the intelligent module X34 and the intelligent controller IPo, which monitor load short-circuit faults, via control signal lines. The control terminals of the charging module Ib, the negative pulse module Pm, the charger Ic, and the battery online protection module BP are all connected to the control signal lines of the intelligent controller IPo to control the intelligent mutual backup and switching of the main and backup paths during intelligent charging and intelligent discharging, control the mutual backup and switching between the initial charging path and the float charging path, and control the battery over-temperature protection, negative pulse maintenance, and forced shutdown of the discharge switch when there is a short circuit on the load side.

3. The intelligent rapid emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent module X34 is a magnetic field sensing or electric field sensing power electronic chip, module or instrument, or magnetic saturation alarm product with embedded analysis and judgment functions. It can quickly sense sudden information in the circuit and output an alarm level signal. The alarm level signal can be transmitted to the intelligent controller IPo as an interrupt request level, or it can directly link to shut down the discharge switch in the intelligent battery unit IIU.

4. The intelligent rapid emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent controller IPo is selected from one of the following: microcontroller, microcomputer, industrial control computer, programmable sequence controller, or intelligent instrument with embedded computer functions, or directly selects a power electronic module or chip-type intelligent component with similar functions. The control signal line of the intelligent controller IPo is connected to the intelligent module X34, monitoring instruments IA and IA2, monitoring instruments IA1 and IA3, contactless switches I1 and I2 and contact switches Q1 and Q2 in the composite fast switch Cf, the impact-resistant rectifier RU, the enhanced inverter ELn, the filter LC in the abnormal emergency branch Ae, the battery protection module BP in the intelligent battery unit IIU, the negative pulse generator Pm, the intelligent charger Ic, the initial charging main switch Ib, and the discharge switches Ia and KA.

5. The intelligent rapid emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite fast circuit breaker Cf consists of composite switch ICS1 and composite switch ICS2; composite switch ICS1 is composed of a contact switch Q1 and a contactless switch I1 connected in parallel; while composite switch ICS2 is composed of a contact switch Q2 and a contactless switch I2 connected in parallel; the contact switches Q1 and Q2 are electromechanical switches such as contactors, relays, magnetic saturation relays, or electric load switches; the contactless switches I1 and I2 are power MOS, IGBT, IPM, IGCT, IEBT, or gallium nitride or silicon carbide dual-control power electronic switches.

6. The intelligent rapid emergency power supply system with a smart battery unit according to claim 1, 4, or 5, characterized in that, The abnormal emergency branch Ae consists of an impulse-resistant rectifier RU, an enhanced inverter ELn, and a filter LC connected in series. For the condition where there is no impact on the load current during an abnormal emergency, the impulse-resistant rectifier RU is replaced by a regular rectifier or module. For the condition where there is no load overload during the emergency output, the enhanced inverter ELn is replaced by a regular inverter or module.

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