An indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experiment simulation device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil wind erosion, disclose a kind of indoor small soil wind erosion experimental simulation device, the device includes test section, fusion section and contraction section, the one end of contraction section far from fusion section is first port, is provided with ventilation unit;The one end of contraction section close to fusion section is second port, is provided with rectifier net;Sample box is provided in the fusion section, for installing soil, the lower end surface of sample box and fusion section is abutted, the one end of test section far from fusion section is provided with baffle, test section, fusion section, contraction section and ventilation unit are fixedly connected by fitting mode, while guaranteeing the stability of the overall structure of device, greatly simplify the disassembly and assembly process, after experiment, device can be quickly and conveniently disassembled, each section inner wall is thoroughly cleaned, effectively solve the problem of inner wall cleaning difficulty, improve cleaning efficiency, ensure the cleanliness of device inside.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of soil wind erosion technology and relates to a small indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device. Background Technology

[0002] Soil wind erosion is one of the main causes of environmental degradation and soil loss in the western border regions of my country. Mineral dust generated by wind erosion is considered one of the main sources of atmospheric aerosols. Aerosols affect atmospheric radiation by altering the optical and physical properties of clouds through absorption and scattering, which not only affects local environmental comfort but also has a significant impact on people's breathing.

[0003] A wind erosion simulation device refers to a channel system with a stable power unit and a specific design. It is an important aerodynamic device for soil wind erosion research. The principles of relativity of motion and flow similarity are the main theoretical basis for wind erosion simulation devices. Based on the principle of relativity of motion, an artificial environment is created by fixing a physical object to the ground, and various complex morphologies of the near-surface layer are simulated by artificially generated airflows. By simulating wind erosion environments of different intensities, experimental support is provided for the study of soil wind erosion. Existing indoor wind erosion simulation devices have the following problems: 1. The existing wind erosion test simulation device uses tractor power output as the power source. Although the wind force meets the experimental requirements, the tractor is a single-cylinder engine with large amplitude during operation, and the power output is manually controlled by foot pedal.

[0004] 2. Closed hinge rivets are used to connect two adjacent test sections and between the test section and the power section. When cleaning the inner wall of the wind erosion test simulation device after the experiment, the disassembly process is complicated, time-consuming and the inner wall surface is difficult to clean.

[0005] 3. The device needs to be disassembled and reassembled after each experiment. Repeated disassembly and reassembly will cause wear on the internal components, affecting the aerodynamic accuracy of the wind erosion test simulation device.

[0006] 4. Each experiment requires cleaning and assembling of all parts of the wind erosion test simulation device, which can only be transported by cranes and trucks. It is not possible to quickly change samples or extend the experimental time.

[0007] 5. Existing devices are mostly made of metal, which can lead to surface corrosion during routine cleaning and maintenance; additional metal elements are added when collecting surface particulate components. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This utility model provides an indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device, comprising a test section, a fusion section, and a contraction section connected in sequence. The end of the contraction section away from the fusion section is a first port, which is equipped with a ventilation unit. The end of the contraction section near the fusion section is a second port, which is equipped with a rectifier net. A sample box is provided inside the fusion section for storing soil. The sample box abuts against the lower end face of the fusion section. A baffle is provided at the end of the test section away from the fusion section.

[0010] Furthermore, the rectifier mesh has a number of through holes evenly distributed side by side, and the diameter and density of the through holes increase from bottom to top.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first port and the second port are rectangular, the height of the first port is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the height ratio of the first port to the second port is 1:1.25.

[0012] Furthermore, the test section includes a first test section and a second test section, one end of the second test section is detachably connected to the first test section, and the other end is detachably connected to the fusion section; the baffle is disposed at the end of the first test section away from the second test section.

[0013] Furthermore, the distance between the first port and the sample box is 1.52-2.15m.

[0014] Furthermore, the first test section, the second test section, the fusion section, and the shrinkage section are all composed of several plates; the first test section is provided with an upper groove and a lower groove at the end away from the second test section.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between the upper plate surface and the upper groove of the first test section is 3-8cm, and the distance between the lower plate surface and the lower groove is 3-8cm; the length of the plate surface is 1-1.5m, and the height of the baffle is 10-30cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper and lower plates have the same thickness, and the left and right plates have the same thickness.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the upper plate is greater than the thickness of the left plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper, lower, left, and right panels are all made of acrylic material.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention relates to a small-scale indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device. The test section, fusion section, contraction section, and ventilation unit are fixedly connected by an interlocking method, which greatly simplifies the disassembly and assembly process while ensuring the overall structural stability of the device. After the experiment, the device can be quickly and easily disassembled for thorough cleaning of the inner walls of each section, effectively solving the problem of difficult inner wall cleaning, improving cleaning efficiency, and ensuring the cleanliness of the device's interior.

[0020] This invention relates to a small-scale indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device. During the experiment, there is no need for large lifting equipment and trucks for transportation and transfer. Operators can move and adjust the device, which simplifies the assembly and disassembly process, greatly shortens the experimental preparation time, and improves the experimental efficiency.

[0021] This utility model discloses a small indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device. The upper, lower, left, and right panels are all made of acrylic material, which reduces the possibility of surface corrosion during cleaning and maintenance and does not introduce additional metal elements, ensuring the purity of the experimental samples. This makes the experimental results more accurately reflect the real situation of soil wind erosion and improves the scientificity and credibility of the experiment.

[0022] This utility model discloses a small indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device. It uses a ventilation unit as a power source, which can effectively avoid the vibration problem caused by the operation of a tractor engine. The ventilation unit can achieve more precise wind control and get rid of the uncertainty of manual foot control.

[0023] This invention relates to a small-scale indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device. A series of through-holes are evenly distributed on a rectifier mesh, with the diameter and density of the through-holes increasing from bottom to top. The upper through-holes have larger diameters and higher density, resulting in less obstruction of high-speed airflow and further streamlining the airflow. This makes the airflow velocity more uniform at different heights throughout the contraction section, reducing airflow turbulence and vortex generation, and ensuring stable and uniform airflow entering the experimental section. The lower through-holes have smaller diameters and lower density, resulting in greater obstruction of airflow and maximizing the realization of a natural logarithmic wind profile to reflect the wind speed conditions during sandstorms. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a small indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second test section in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fusion segment in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure label: 1-First test section; 2-Second test section; 3-Fusion section; 4-Contraction section; 5-Ventilation unit; 6-Rectifying mesh; 7-Sample box; 8-Baffle; 9-Upper groove; 10-Lower groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1 An indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device includes a test section, a fusion section 3, and a contraction section 4 connected in sequence. The end of the contraction section 4 furthest from the fusion section 3 is a first port, which is equipped with a ventilation unit 5. The end of the contraction section 4 closest to the fusion section 3 is a second port, which is equipped with a rectifier net 6. A sample box 7 is provided inside the fusion section 3 for storing soil. The sample box 7 abuts against the lower end face of the fusion section 3. A baffle 8 is provided at the end of the test section furthest from the fusion section 3.

[0028] The test section is the part of the wind erosion experimental simulation device where experiments are conducted, and it is an important part of the results produced by the interaction between wind and soil particles; the fusion section 3 ensures the stability of the airflow leading to the test section and prevents excessive turbulence interference; the contraction section 4 is used to reduce the energy loss caused by rectification in the transition section and improve the uniformity and stability of the airflow in the flow field; the ventilation unit 5 is used to provide stable and controllable wind force. In this embodiment, the ventilation unit 5 is a fan. Soil particle migration occurs in three forms: suspension, jump, and creep. These three migration forms occur simultaneously during wind erosion. When wind speed approaches the threshold friction velocity of soil particles, some soil particles begin creeping. When wind speed exceeds the static threshold, aerodynamics overcomes the binding force between gravity and particle size, causing soil particles to detach from the surface and begin to move laterally under the influence of wind. Due to gravity, some soil particles fall back to the surface, resulting in jump motion (salt spring bombardment). Overcoming the binding force accelerates the wind erosion process, and under natural conditions, this is the main mechanism for wind erosion dust emission, especially in the medium particle size range. Another dust emission mechanism is aggregate disintegration, where soil aggregates break apart under strong winds.

[0029] The test section includes a first test section 1 and a second test section 2, such as Figure 1As shown, a baffle 8 is installed on the left side of the first test section 1, and nested with the second test section on the right side. The first test section 1 and the second test section 2 are identical in shape and size, but the left end of the first test section 1 has an upper groove 9 and a lower groove 10 for installing the baffle 8. Dividing the test section into the first test section 1 and the second test section 2 facilitates cleaning after the test. The ventilation unit 5 and the contraction section 4 are installed using a flexible connection and sealing method. Flexible materials such as rubber and silicone ensure both sealing and vibration absorption, reducing the interference of vibration on the flow field quality of the test section and the testing instruments. The distance between the upper plate surface of the first test section 1 and the upper groove 9 is 3-8 cm, preferably 5 mm, facilitating installation, disassembly, cleaning, and maintenance during use.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a sample box 7 is installed within the fusion section 3. The left side of the sample box 7 is the third test section, and the right side is the transition section. The sample box 7 can move back and forth within the fusion section 3 to conduct multiple repeated experiments, with the sample in a different position each time. By comparing and analyzing the experimental results at different positions, the interference of random factors can be effectively eliminated, verifying the stability and reliability of the experimental results. Furthermore, this multi-position experimental method can more comprehensively reflect the performance variation of the sample throughout the entire test area.

[0031] The left side of the contraction section 4 is the second port, and the right side is the first port. A ventilation unit 5 is installed at the first port, and a rectifier mesh 6 is installed at the second port. The rectifier mesh 6 has several parallel through-holes evenly distributed on it, with the diameter and density of the through-holes increasing from bottom to top. This increasing diameter and density of the through-holes in the rectifier mesh 6 effectively regulates the airflow through the contraction section 4. When airflow enters the contraction section 4, the variable-parameter rectifier mesh 6 can stratify the airflow due to potential differences in airflow velocity and pressure distribution at different heights. The lower through-holes have smaller diameters and lower densities, resulting in a relatively greater obstruction to the airflow, which can accelerate and rectify low-speed airflow to a certain extent. The upper through-holes have larger diameters and higher densities, resulting in a relatively smaller obstruction to high-speed airflow, while further streamlining the airflow, making the airflow velocity more uniform across different heights within the entire contraction section 4, reducing the generation of airflow turbulence and vortices, and providing a stable and uniform airflow environment. Figure 3 As shown.

[0032] It should be noted that both the first and second ports are rectangular. The height of the first port is greater than or equal to 50 cm, and the height ratio of the first port to the second port is 1:1.25. In this embodiment, the height of the first port is 50 cm, and the height of the second port is 75 cm. The first port provides a relatively spacious area for airflow entry, allowing the airflow to converge relatively smoothly in the initial stage. As the airflow flows towards the second port, it is gradually compressed; this gradual contraction helps reduce turbulence and vortex generation in the airflow.

[0033] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the second test section 2, which consists of an upper plate, a lower plate, a left plate, and a right plate. The upper and lower plates of the first test section 1 and the second test section 2 have the same thickness, and the left and right plates have the same thickness. The upper plate is thicker than the left plate.

[0034] The second test section 2 has a symmetrical structure on its top, bottom, left, and right sides. The left and right sides are made of 6mm thick acrylic sheets, 1150mm long and 500mm wide. The top and bottom sides are made of 12mm thick acrylic sheets, 1200mm long and 300mm wide. Half the thickness of the short edge of the 12mm thick acrylic sheets is milled into grooves, with a groove length of 5cm. The top and bottom sides of the second test section 2 are placed with the milled grooves facing each other, and the sheets are bonded together with acrylic adhesive.

[0035] The first test section 1 has a symmetrical structure on its top, bottom, left, and right sides. The left and right sides are made of 6mm thick acrylic sheets, 1150mm long and 500mm wide. The top and bottom sides are made of 12mm thick acrylic sheets, 1200mm long and 300mm wide. Half the thickness of the short edge of the 12mm thick acrylic sheets is milled, with a milling groove length of 5cm. The top and bottom sides of the first test section 1 are placed in the opposite position to those of the second test section 2; that is, the milled parts of the top and bottom sides of the first test section 1 are placed opposite each other, and the sheets are bonded together with acrylic adhesive.

[0036] The left and right panels of the contraction section 4 are trapezoidal panels made of 6mm thick acrylic sheets. The upper panel is also made of 6mm thick acrylic sheet, and the lower panel is made of 12mm thick acrylic sheet. The length is 1000mm and the width is 300mm. A 5cm groove is milled at the short edge. The lower panel is placed with the milled groove facing upwards, and the panels are bonded together with acrylic adhesive.

[0037] The rectifier mesh 6 is placed at the connection between the fusion section 3 and the contraction section 4. The rectifier mesh 6 is secured in the gap of the strip by building a 1cm high strip at the 5cm protruding groove at the top and bottom.

[0038] Example 2 This utility model discloses a method for simulating small-scale indoor soil wind erosion experiments, comprising the following steps: The baffle 8, test section, fusion section 3, rectifier net 6, and contraction section 4 are fixedly connected in sequence; the sample box 7 is placed inside the fusion section 3, and a camera and supplementary light are installed directly above the sample box 7; the ventilation unit 5 is started to slowly increase the wind speed to the predetermined wind speed, and the wind erosion process is dynamically recorded by the camera. After the wind erosion ends, the stripped particles at the bottom of the test section, fusion section 3, and contraction section 4 are collected in sections using a brush; the sample box 7 is taken out, the mass difference before and after wind erosion is measured, and the soil erosion modulus is calculated based on the mass difference; the critical starting wind speed is determined according to the wind speed at which the first erosion occurs on the surface of the soil particles.

[0039] Using an anemometer, measure the wind speed in section 3, within a 1.2m distance from ventilation unit 5, and observe whether the wind speed gradually decreases to a stable level. Record the wind speed data at regular intervals, plot the wind speed versus time curve, and analyze the pattern of wind speed change.

[0040] In the test section, wind speed was measured using an anemometer to confirm whether the wind speed gradually stabilized. Sample box 7 was placed 1.5m away from the wind source to check whether the wind source at this location was stable and controllable. Similarly, wind speed data was recorded at regular intervals, and wind speed curves were plotted.

[0041] After wind erosion, use a brush to collect the detached particles from the bottom of the test section, fusion section 3, and shrinkage section 4 in sections. Avoid missing or mixing particles during collection; place the collected particles into separate containers and label them. Remove sample box 7 and use an electronic balance to measure its mass before and after wind erosion, recording the mass data. Calculate the mass difference before and after wind erosion, and calculate the soil erosion modulus based on this mass difference. The formula for calculating the soil erosion modulus is:

[0042] in, For soil erosion modulus, The difference in quality before and after wind erosion. The surface area of ​​the soil inside sample box 7. This refers to the time of wind erosion.

[0043] Based on the changes in soil particle surface recorded by the camera, the wind speed at which the first erosion occurs on the soil particle surface is determined; this wind speed is the critical initiation wind speed. The critical initiation wind speed data is recorded, and the differences in critical initiation wind speeds for different soil types are analyzed.

[0044] Collect the blown particles at the end of the first test section 1 and analyze them with a laser particle size analyzer. Based on the particle size distribution test data, plot the soil particle size distribution curve, analyze the changes in soil particle composition before and after wind erosion, and calculate the particle size difference before and after.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

Claims

1. A small-scale indoor soil wind erosion experimental simulation device, characterized in that: The test section, fusion section (3), and shrinkage section (4) are connected in sequence. The end of the shrinkage section (4) away from the fusion section (3) is the first port, which is equipped with a ventilation unit (5). The end of the shrinkage section (4) close to the fusion section (3) is the second port, which is equipped with a rectifier net (6). A sample box (7) is provided inside the fusion section (3) for installing soil. The sample box (7) abuts against the lower end face of the fusion section (3). A baffle (8) is provided at the end of the test section away from the fusion section (3).

2. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier mesh (6) has several through holes evenly distributed side by side, and the diameter and density of the through holes increase continuously from bottom to top.

3. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first port and the second port are rectangular. The height of the first port is greater than or equal to 50cm, and the height ratio of the first port to the second port is 1:1.

25.

4. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The test section includes a first test section (1) and a second test section (2), one end of the second test section (2) is detachably connected to the first test section (1), and the other end is detachably connected to the fusion section (3); The baffle (8) is located at the end of the first test section (1) away from the second test section (2).

5. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the first port and the sample box (7) is 1.52-2.15m.

6. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first test section (1), the second test section (2), the fusion section (3), and the shrinkage section (4) are all composed of several plates; The first test section (1) is provided with an upper groove (9) and a lower groove (10) at the end away from the second test section (2).

7. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the upper plate surface and the upper groove (9) of the first test section (1) is 3-8cm, and the distance between the lower plate surface and the lower groove (10) is 3-8cm. The length of the upper plate of the first test section (1) is 1-1.5m, and the height of the baffle (8) is 10-30cm.

8. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower plates have the same thickness, and the left and right plates have the same thickness.

9. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper plate is greater than the thickness of the left plate.

10. The indoor small-scale soil wind erosion experimental simulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper, lower, left, and right panels are all made of acrylic material.

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