Multifunctional gas turbine power generation system

Abstract

The multifunctional gas turbine power generation system according to the present invention comprises a compressor unit, an air storage device, a gas turbine unit, an air turbine unit, and a heat storage / heat exchange device. The exhaust port of the compressor unit is connected to the intake port of the air storage device via a valved pipeline. The intake ports of the two turbine units are connected to the exhaust ports of the air storage device via valved pipelines. A combustor and a differential pressure turbine are further provided upstream of the gas turbine unit. Both the inlet side of the turbine and the outlet side of the compressor are connected to the heat storage / heat exchange device. Furthermore, the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine is used for waste heat recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbine power generation, and particularly to a multifunctional gas turbine power generation system using compressed air.

Background Art

[0002] When a large-scale power generation gas turbine operates, a large amount of compression power needs to be consumed by the compressor installed at its front end. For example, in a 300MW power class gas turbine, the power consumption of the front-end compressor reaches about 400MW, which far exceeds the generator output. This configuration greatly affects the external output ability of the gas turbine, and about 60% of the gas turbine shaft output is consumed in the compression stage and does not become the external effective output. In a compressed air energy storage system, it is possible to operate the compressor and the air turbine separately in time, compress air using the power during the time period with low power demand (valley time) or low-cost power, and start the air turbine at the peak of power demand to output power. The present invention combines gas turbine power generation technology and a compressed air energy storage system to greatly increase the power generation output of the gas turbine, improve the power generation efficiency, and realize a large-capacity and long-time physical energy storage function. Furthermore, by recovering the heat generated during the compression process and supplying it externally for heat supply, a technical solution for cogeneration that realizes the staged utilization of energy is constituted.

Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to alleviate or solve at least one of the above-described technical problems. For this purpose, the present invention provides a multifunctional gas turbine power generation system including the following components.

[0004] A first compressor unit, a second compressor unit, an air storage device, an air turbine unit, a differential pressure turbine unit, a water-air heat exchanger, and a water storage device, where The first compressor unit, the second compressor unit, and the air storage device are sequentially connected via a valved pipeline.

[0005] The exhaust port of the first compressor unit is also connected to the intake port of the air storage device via a valved conduit.

[0006] The intake port of the air turbine unit is connected to the exhaust port of the air storage device via a valved conduit. The intake port of the differential pressure turbine unit is connected to the exhaust port of the air storage device via a valved conduit.

[0007] A water-air heat exchanger is installed downstream of each compressor in the first compressor unit and the second compressor unit. A water-air heat exchanger is installed upstream of each air turbine in the air turbine unit. A water-air heat exchanger is installed at both ends of each differential pressure turbine in the differential pressure turbine unit.

[0008] Each water-air heat exchanger is also connected to the water storage device.

[0009] A pipeline interface is provided between the final stage differential pressure turbine in the differential pressure turbine unit and the water-air heat exchanger located at the end of the row of final stage differential pressure turbines. The exhaust port of the air storage device is also connected to the pipeline interface via a valved pipeline.

[0010] The aforementioned multi-functional gas turbine power generation system further includes the following:

[0011] A combustor, a gas turbine, a combustion regenerator, and a turbine heater, wherein, The first intake port of the combustor is connected to the exhaust port of the water-air heat exchanger at the end of the final stage differential pressure turbine. The second intake port of the combustor is connected to the natural gas supply pipeline. The exhaust port of the combustor is connected to the intake port of the gas turbine.

[0012] The combustion regenerator is used to perform heat exchange between the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

[0013] The turbine heater is used to perform heat exchange between the third and fourth pipelines.

[0014] The first pipeline is the pipeline between the first intake port of the combustor and the water-air heat exchanger at the end of the final stage differential pressure turbine. The second pipeline is the first exhaust bypass pipeline branching off from the exhaust port of the gas turbine. The third pipeline is the pipeline between the final stage air turbine of the air turbine unit and the water-air heat exchanger corresponding to the final stage air turbine. The fourth pipeline is the second exhaust bypass pipeline branching off from the exhaust port of the gas turbine.

[0015] A cooler may also be installed in the piping between the second compressor unit and the air storage device.

[0016] The water storage device may include a hot water storage tank and a cold water storage tank, the hot water storage tank and the cold water storage tank being connected by a cooling water circulation pipeline, and each water-air heat exchanger being connected to the cooling water circulation pipeline.

[0017] Alternatively, a cooling tower may be installed in the cooling water circulation pipeline upstream of the water inlet of the aforementioned chilled water storage tank.

[0018] The exhaust port of the first exhaust bypass pipeline and the exhaust port of the second exhaust bypass pipeline may each be connected to the intake port of the main exhaust pipeline.

[0019] A user-side water-air heat exchanger is further installed between the intake and exhaust ports of the aforementioned total exhaust pipeline. The user-side water-air heat exchanger may be used to perform heat exchange between the heat supply pipeline network to the user side and the aforementioned total exhaust pipeline.

[0020] The gas turbine, the first-stage air turbine of the air turbine unit, and the first-stage differential pressure turbine of the differential pressure turbine unit may each be connected to a generator.

[0021] Alternatively, an air filter may be installed upstream of the air intake of the first compressor unit.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to conventional technology are as follows:

[0023] The system provided by this invention is advantageous in reducing the loss of high-quality thermal energy and improving the overall operating efficiency of the unit by storing the compression heat of the high-temperature air at the compressor outlet. The separation design of the gas turbine and compressor in this invention saves power consumption by the compressor during power generation and significantly increases the output of the gas turbine unit. The system provided by this invention preheats compressed air using gas turbine exhaust gas, increasing the operating capacity of the compressed air flowing into the air turbine. The exhaust gas after preheating is used to heat feedwater to the heat supply network, thereby recovering and utilizing low-quality thermal energy and achieving combined heat and power. The system provided by this invention can operate in two operating modes, an energy storage mode and a normal power supply mode, offering excellent flexibility.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the subsequent description in the specification or will be understood through the practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention can be realized by the structures described in the specification, claims and drawings.

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0026] The attached drawings are intended to further enhance the understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention, and will be used to describe the present invention together with its embodiments, but will not limit the present invention. In the drawings, [Figure 1] It is a schematic configuration diagram of a multi-functional gas turbine power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of explaining and understanding the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0028] In order to overcome the problems of the prior art to a certain extent, the present invention proposes a system that combines the technologies of a gas turbine cogeneration unit and a compressed air energy storage system. Due to the separated design of the gas turbine and the compressor in the present invention, during the time period with low power demand (valley time), the compressor converts power into the pressure energy of compressed air and the thermal energy of hot water for storage. During the peak time of power demand, the hot water stored in the hot water tank is used to heat the compressed air. A part of the heated compressed air is input into the air turbine unit to operate, and the remaining compressed air releases a part of the pressure energy through the differential pressure turbine and then is input into the combustor. The high-temperature combustion gas generated there drives the gas turbine to output. The exhaust gas after the gas turbine output can be used for the generation of hot water and is supplied to the heat supply network for external heat supply. In addition, since a part of the shaft output generated by the gas turbine does not need to be used for driving the compressor and all can be transmitted to the power grid, the unit output is greatly improved.

[0029] The multi-functional gas turbine power generation system provided by the present invention includes the following.

[0030] A first compressor unit, a second compressor unit, an air storage device, an air turbine unit, a differential pressure turbine unit, a water-air heat exchanger, and a water storage device. Here, The first compressor unit, the second compressor unit, and the air storage device are sequentially connected via a pipeline with valves.

[0031] The exhaust port of the first compressor unit is also connected to the intake port of the air storage device via a valved conduit.

[0032] The intake port of the air turbine unit is connected to the exhaust port of the air storage device via a valved conduit. The intake port of the differential pressure turbine unit is connected to the exhaust port of the air storage device via a valved conduit.

[0033] A water-air heat exchanger is installed downstream of each compressor in the first and second compressor units. A water-air heat exchanger is installed upstream of each air turbine in the air turbine unit. A water-air heat exchanger is installed at both ends of each differential pressure turbine in the differential pressure turbine unit.

[0034] Each water-air heat exchanger is also connected to the water storage device.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, a cooler is further installed in the piping between the second compressor unit and the air storage device. By installing the cooler, the compressed air that has been cooled by the cooler corresponding to the compressor is further cooled, ensuring that the compressed air is cooled to room temperature.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water storage system includes a hot water storage tank and a cold water storage tank, the hot water storage tank and the cold water storage tank are connected by a cooling water circulation pipeline, and each water-air heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water circulation pipeline. By converting the thermal energy of compressed air into hot water through heat exchange and storing it in the hot water storage tank, energy waste can be effectively reduced.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, a cooling tower is further installed in the cooling water circulation pipeline upstream of the water inlet of the chilled water storage tank. This ensures that the cooling water entering the chilled water storage tank is sufficiently cooled.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, a pipeline interface is pre-installed between the final stage differential pressure turbine in a differential pressure turbine unit and a water-air heat exchanger located at the end of the final stage differential pressure turbine row. The exhaust port of the air storage device is also connected to the pipeline interface via a valved pipeline. By changing the open / closed state of the valved pipeline and other valved pipelines, the system provided by the present invention achieves switching between an energy storage state and an energy release state, and between trough power storage and peak power release.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy storage system provided by the present invention further includes a combustor, a gas turbine, a combustion regenerator, and a turbine heater. The first intake port of the combustor is connected to the exhaust port of the water-air heat exchanger at the end of the final stage differential pressure turbine. The second intake port of the combustor is connected to the natural gas supply pipeline. The exhaust port of the combustor is connected to the intake port of the gas turbine.

[0040] The combustion regenerator is used to perform heat exchange between the first pipeline and the second pipeline.

[0041] The turbine heater is used to perform heat exchange between the third and fourth pipelines.

[0042] The first pipeline is the pipeline between the first intake port of the combustor and the water-air heat exchanger at the end of the final stage differential pressure turbine. The second pipeline is the first exhaust bypass pipeline branching from the exhaust port of the gas turbine. The third pipeline is the pipeline between the final stage air turbine of the air turbine unit and the water-air heat exchanger corresponding to the final stage air turbine. The fourth pipeline is the second exhaust bypass pipeline branching from the exhaust port of the gas turbine. The exhaust ports of the first bypass pipeline and the second bypass pipeline are each connected to the intake port of the main exhaust pipeline. A user-side water-air heat exchanger is further installed between the intake port and the exhaust port of the main exhaust pipeline. The user-side water-air heat exchanger is used to perform heat exchange between the heat supply pipeline network to the user side and the main exhaust pipeline. The gas turbine, the first stage air turbine of the air turbine unit, and the first stage differential pressure turbine of the differential pressure turbine unit are each connected to a generator.

[0043] Figure 1 shows a multi-functional energy storage system utilizing compressed air for gas turbine power generation, provided by one embodiment of the present invention. The operation process of the system is as follows.

[0044] Energy storage stage: Shut-off valves B(42) and C(43) are opened, and shut-off valves A(41), D(44), E(45), F(46), and G(47) are closed. Motors A(6), B(7), C(8), and D(9) are started to drive compressors A(2), B(3), C(4), and D(5). Atmospheric pressure air filtered by the air filter (1) is compressed to high pressure in multiple stages. The high-temperature air at the compressor outlets of each stage is cooled to room temperature via the intermediate cooler A(10), cooler B(11), cooler C(12), and final stage cooler D(13), respectively. The room-temperature high-pressure air at the outlet of the final stage cooler D(13) is stored in the air storage device (14). The hot water discharged from the intercooler A (10), cooler B (11), and cooler C (12) is stored in the hot water storage tank (36). The cooling water circulation circuit is driven by the circulating water pump A (37) and the circulating water pump B (40) (the same applies hereafter).

[0045] Energy release phase: Shut-off valves A(41), B(42), C(43), and G(47) are closed, and shut-off valves D(44), E(45), and F(46) are opened. Some of the ambient temperature high-pressure air discharged from the air storage device (14) enters the water-air heat exchanger A(15) and is heated to approximately 200°C by heat exchange with hot water from the hot water storage tank (36). The high-temperature high-pressure air discharged from the water-air heat exchanger A(15) enters the air turbine A(19) and operates, driving the generator A(18) to generate electricity. The exhaust gas discharged from the air turbine A(19) enters the water-air heat exchanger B(16) and is heated to approximately 200°C by heat exchange with hot water from the hot water storage tank (36). The high-temperature high-pressure air discharged from the water-air heat exchanger B(16) enters the air turbine B(20) and operates. The exhaust gas discharged from the air turbine B (20) enters the water-air heat exchanger C (17), where it exchanges heat with hot water from the hot water storage tank (36) and is heated to approximately 200°C. The high-temperature, high-pressure air discharged from the water-air heat exchanger C (17) enters the turbine heater (33), where it is heated to approximately 300°C by the high-temperature exhaust gas. The high-temperature, high-pressure air discharged from the turbine heater (33) enters the air turbine C (21), where it operates, and its exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere. The residual high-pressure air discharged from the air storage device (14) enters the water-air heat exchanger D (22), where it exchanges heat with hot water from the hot water storage tank (36) and is heated to approximately 200°C. The high-temperature, high-pressure air discharged from the water-air heat exchanger D (22) enters the differential pressure turbine A (26), where it operates and drives the generator B (25) to generate electricity. The exhaust gas discharged from differential pressure turbine A (26) enters water-air heat exchanger E (23), where it exchanges heat with hot water from hot water storage tank (36) and is heated to approximately 200°C. The high-temperature, high-pressure air discharged from water-air heat exchanger E (23) enters differential pressure turbine B (27) and operates. The exhaust gas discharged from the differential pressure turbine B (27) enters the water-air heat exchanger F (24), where it is heated to approximately 200°C through heat exchange with hot water from the hot water storage tank (36). The high-temperature, high-pressure air discharged from the water-air heat exchanger F (24) enters the combustion regenerator (32), where it is heated to approximately 450°C by the high-temperature exhaust gas. The high-temperature, high-pressure air discharged from the combustion regenerator (32) enters the combustor (31), where it is mixed with natural gas from the natural gas pressure adjustment station (30) and combusted to produce high-temperature combustion gas at approximately 1300°C. This high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas enters the gas turbine (29) and is used for output. The exhaust gas from the gas turbine (29) is approximately 500°C, a portion of which enters the combustion regenerator (32) and is cooled to approximately 200°C, while the remaining exhaust gas enters the turbine heater (33) and is cooled to approximately 200°C. After these two combustion gases, at approximately 200°C, merge, they enter the user-side water-air heat exchanger (34), where they exchange heat with the water in the heat supply network before being discharged into the atmosphere. The low-temperature water discharged from water-air heat exchangers A (15), B (16), C (17), D (22), E (23), and F (24) is cooled to room temperature by a cooling tower (38) and then stored in a chilled water storage tank (39). The hot water discharged from the user-side water-air heat exchanger (34) enters the heat supply pipe network and is used by the heat demanding entity (35).

[0046] The operating process of this system in normal power supply mode is as follows:

[0047] Taniji: Shut-off valves A(41) and C(43) are opened, and shut-off valves B(42), D(44), E(45), F(46), and G(47) are closed. Motors A(6) and B(7) are started to drive compressors A(2) and B(3). The high-temperature, high-pressure air from compressors A(2) and B(3) is cooled to room temperature by room-temperature water from the chilled water storage tank (39) using coolers A(10) and B(11), respectively. The room-temperature, high-pressure air from cooler B(11) enters the air storage device (14) and is stored. The hot water from coolers A(10) and B(11) enters the hot water storage tank (36) and is stored.

[0048] Peak time: The shut-off valves D (44) and G (47) are opened, and the shut-off valves A (41), B (42), C (43), E (45), and F (46) are closed. Room temperature high-pressure air from the air storage device (14) enters the water-air heat exchanger F (24) and is heated to approximately 200°C by hot water from the hot water storage tank (36). The high-temperature high-pressure air discharged from the water-air heat exchanger F (24) enters the combustion regenerator (32) and is heated to approximately 450°C by high-temperature combustion gas. The high-temperature high-pressure air discharged from the combustion regenerator (32) enters the combustor (31) and is mixed with natural gas from the natural gas pressure adjustment station (30) and combusted to produce high-temperature combustion gas at approximately 1300°C. The high-temperature combustion gas from the combustor (31) enters the gas turbine (29) and operates, driving the generator C (28). The exhaust gas after operation is approximately 500°C, and this exhaust gas is cooled to approximately 200°C via the combustion regenerator (32). The combustion gas discharged from the combustion regenerator (32) enters the user-side water-air heat exchanger (34), where it exchanges heat with water in the heat supply network before being discharged into the atmosphere. The low-temperature water discharged from the water-air heat exchanger F (24) is cooled to room temperature via the cooling tower (38), and the room-temperature water discharged from the cooling tower (38) enters the chilled water storage tank (39) for storage. The hot water discharged from the user-side water-air heat exchanger (34) enters the heat supply network and is used by the heat demanding entity (35).

[0049] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0050] 1. It is advantageous for storing the heat of compression of the high-temperature air at the compressor outlet, reducing the loss of high-quality thermal energy, and improving the overall operating efficiency of the unit.

[0051] 2. By separating the gas turbine and compressor design, power consumption by the compressor during power generation is reduced, and the output of the gas turbine unit is significantly increased.

[0052] 3. Compressed air is preheated using gas turbine exhaust gas to increase the operating capacity of the compressed air entering the air turbine. The preheated combustion gas is used to heat the feedwater in the heat supply network, and low-grade thermal energy is recovered and utilized to achieve combined heat and power generation.

[0053] 4. The unit can operate in two modes: energy storage mode and normal power supply mode, offering excellent flexibility.

[0054] Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention, and these will not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and equivalents of the present invention, the present invention is intended to encompass those modifications and variations as well. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0055] 1: Air filter, 2: Compressor A, 3: Compressor B, 4: Compressor C, 5: Compressor D, 6: Motor A, 7: Motor B, 8: Motor C, 9: Motor D, 10: Cooler A, 11: Cooler B, 12: Cooler C, 13: Cooler D, 14: Air storage device, 15: Water-air heat exchanger A, 16: Water-air heat exchanger B, 17: Water-air heat exchanger C, 18: Generator A, 19: Air turbine A, 20: Air turbine B, 21: Air turbine C, 22: Water-air heat exchanger D, 23: Water-air heat exchanger E, 24: Water-air heat exchanger F, 25: Generator B, 26: Differential pressure turbine A, 27: Differential pressure turbine B, 28: Generator C, 29: Gas turbine 30: Natural gas pressure regulating station, 31: Combustor, 32: Combustion regenerator, 33: Turbine heater, 34: User-side water-air heat exchanger, 35: User side, 36: Hot water storage tank, 37: Circulating water pump A, 38: Cooling tower, 39: Chilled water storage tank, 40: Circulating water pump B, 41: Shut-off valve A, 42: Shut-off valve B, 43: Shut-off valve C, 44: Shut-off valve D, 45: Shut-off valve E, 46: Shut-off valve F, 47: Shut-off valve G

Claims

1. The multi-functional gas turbine power generation system is It includes a first compressor unit, a second compressor unit, an air storage device, an air turbine unit, a differential pressure turbine unit, a water-air heat exchanger, and a water storage device. Here, the first compressor unit, the second compressor unit, and the air storage device are sequentially connected via a valved pipeline. The exhaust port of the first compressor unit is also connected to the intake port of the air storage device via a valved conduit. The intake port of the air turbine unit is connected to the exhaust port of the air storage device via a valved conduit, and the intake port of the differential pressure turbine unit is connected to the exhaust port of the air storage device via a valved conduit. A water-air heat exchanger is installed downstream of each compressor in the first compressor unit and the second compressor unit, a water-air heat exchanger is installed upstream of each air turbine in the air turbine unit, and a water-air heat exchanger is installed at both ends of each differential pressure turbine in the differential pressure turbine unit. Each water-air heat exchanger is also connected to the water storage device. A pipeline interface is provided between the final stage differential pressure turbine in the differential pressure turbine unit and the water-air heat exchanger located at the end of the row of final stage differential pressure turbines, and the exhaust port of the air storage device is also connected to the pipeline interface via a valved pipeline. The aforementioned multi-functional gas turbine power generation system is Furthermore, it includes a combustor, gas turbine, combustion regenerator, and turbine heater, Here, the first intake port of the combustor is connected to the exhaust port of the water-air heat exchanger at the end of the final stage differential pressure turbine, the second intake port of the combustor is connected to the natural gas supply pipeline, and the exhaust port of the combustor is connected to the intake port of the gas turbine. The combustion regenerator is used to perform heat exchange between the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The turbine heater is used to perform heat exchange between the third and fourth pipelines. The first pipeline is a pipeline between the first intake port of the combustor and the water-air heat exchanger at the end of the final stage differential pressure turbine. The second pipeline is a first exhaust bypass pipeline that branches off from the exhaust port of the gas turbine. The third pipeline is a pipeline between the final stage air turbine of the air turbine unit and the water-air heat exchanger corresponding to the final stage air turbine. A multifunctional gas turbine power generation system characterized in that the fourth pipeline is a second exhaust bypass pipeline branching off from the exhaust port of the gas turbine.

2. The multifunctional gas turbine power generation system according to claim 1, further characterized in that a cooler is installed in the pipeline between the second compressor unit and the air storage device.

3. The multifunctional gas turbine power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water storage device includes a hot water storage tank and a chilled water storage tank, the hot water storage tank and the chilled water storage tank are connected by a cooling water circulation pipeline, and each water-air heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water circulation pipeline.

4. The multifunctional gas turbine power generation system according to claim 3, further comprising installing a cooling tower in the cooling water circulation pipeline upstream of the water inlet of the chilled water storage tank.

5. The multi-functional gas turbine power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust port of the first exhaust bypass pipeline and the exhaust port of the second exhaust bypass pipeline are each connected to the intake port of the main exhaust pipeline.

6. The multifunctional gas turbine power generation system according to claim 5, further comprising a user-side water-air heat exchanger installed between the intake port and exhaust port of the total exhaust pipeline, wherein the user-side water-air heat exchanger is used to perform heat exchange between the heat supply pipeline network to the user side and the total exhaust pipeline.

7. The multifunctional gas turbine power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas turbine, the first-stage air turbine of the air turbine unit, and the first-stage differential pressure turbine of the differential pressure turbine unit are each connected to a generator.

8. The multifunctional gas turbine power generation system according to claim 1, further characterized in that an air filter is installed upstream of the air intake of the first compressor unit.

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