Spatial domain basis selection and indication for enhanced precoding matrix codebook
The enhanced Type I codebook addresses the limitations of legacy codebooks by defining mappings for SD basis selection and encoding, enabling efficient beamforming and signal quality for advanced wireless communication systems with larger antenna arrays.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/091640
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing precoding matrix codebooks, such as Type I codebooks, are limited to supporting up to 32 ports, leading to undefined orthogonal neighbor selections for SD bases in multi-layer CSI reporting when the number of ports exceeds 32, particularly for RI values from 5 to 8, which hampers efficient beamforming and signal quality in advanced wireless communication systems.
An enhanced Type I codebook is introduced that supports more than 32 ports by defining mappings for selecting and encoding SD bases, allowing flexible selection of orthogonal neighbors based on RI and CSI-RS ports, enabling efficient SD basis selection and indication for larger antenna arrays.
The enhanced codebook supports flexible SD basis selection and indication, improving beamforming and signal quality for larger antenna arrays, enhancing communication efficiency in middle and higher frequency bands.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024091640_13112025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SPATIAL DOMAIN BASIS SELECTION AND INDICATION FOR ENHANCED PRECODING MATRIX CODEBOOK
[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and specifically relate to techniques, apparatuses, and methods associated with spatial domain basis selection and indication for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook.
[0003] DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various services that may include carrying voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. The services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, among other examples. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples) . Examples of such multiple-access RATs include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
[0005] These multiple-access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable different wireless communication devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunication standard is New Radio (NR) . NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions beyond NR) may be designed to better support Internet of things (IoT) and reduced capability device deployments, industrial connectivity, millimeter wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployment, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication) , massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) , disaggregated network architectures and network topology expansions, multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, among other examples. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other radio access technologies such as 6G may be introduced, to further advance mobile broadband evolution.SUMMARY
[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to select a first spatial domain (SD) basis from a full candidate SD basis set. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to select one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of a rank indicator (RI) and a total number of channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) ports exceeding thirty-two. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively configured to transmit, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.
[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) . The method may include selecting a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set. The method may include selecting one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two. The method may include transmitting, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.
[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to select a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to select one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.
[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for selecting a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set. The apparatus may include means for selecting one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.
[0010] Aspects of the present disclosure may generally be implemented by or as a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network node, network entity, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described with reference to, and as illustrated by, the specification and accompanying drawings.
[0011] The foregoing paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of the present disclosure. These and additional aspects and associated advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed aspects may be used as a basis for modifying or designing other aspects for carrying out the same or similar purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] The appended drawings illustrate some aspects of the present disclosure, but are not limiting of the scope of the present disclosure because the description may enable other aspects. Each of the drawings is provided for purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. The same or similar reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
[0013] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0014] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0015] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0016] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of spatial domain (SD) basis selection for a precoding matrix codebook, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0017] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with an enhanced precoding matrix, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0018] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating examples associated with a rank 3 or rank 4 SD basis selection and indication for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0019] Figs. 7A-7C are diagrams illustrating examples associated with rank 5-8 SD basis selection and indication for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0020] Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0021] Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not to be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated by or described with reference to an accompanying drawing or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art may appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using various combinations or quantities of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus having, or a method that is practiced using, other structures and / or functionalities in addition to or other than the structures and / or functionalities with which various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein may be practiced. Any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0023] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0024] In a channel state information (CSI) framework, a network node and a user equipment (UE) may use a codebook to configure one or more beams that the network node and the UE use to communicate over a wireless channel. In some cases, the codebook may include various predefined precoding matrices that are used for beamforming or multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission (e.g., to steer a transmitted signal toward an intended receiver in order to create spatial diversity, improve spectral efficiency, and / or improve signal quality, among other examples) . For example, the network node may transmit one or more CSI reference signals (CSI-RSs) or other suitable reference signals to a UE, and the UE may then select a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) from a codebook (e.g., a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or Type I codebook) that includes various predefined precoding matrices according to measurements associated with the reference signals. In this way, using a Type I codebook or similar precoding matrix codebook to constrain spatial domain (SD) basis (e.g., digital beamforming) options to predefined precoding matrices reduces signaling overhead and the UE complexity associated with selecting a preferred precoder.
[0025] When a UE is configured to select a PMI corresponding to a preferred precoder from a codebook with predefined precoding matrices, which may be referred to herein as a precoding matrix codebook or Type I codebook, the precoding matrices may be defined to support at most 32 ports. For example, a low-band frequency range (FR) , such as FR1 spanning 410 MHz through 7.125 GHz, is generally deployed only with a relatively small number of ports because UE form factors may limit an antenna array size. Furthermore, UEs that operate in some higher frequency ranges such as FR2 (e.g., 28 GHz and above) may also use a relatively small number of ports (e.g., 2 ports or 4 ports) to reduce hardware costs, and because a small number of ports typically provide acceptable performance for narrow analog beams implemented with a large phased array (e.g., 1024 antenna elements) . However, a relatively larger number of ports (e.g., 16, 24, or 32 ports) may be used for operations in middle bands, such as higher frequencies in FR1 (e.g., from 3-6 GHz) or FR3 (e.g., from 7-24 GHz) , and an even larger number of ports (e.g., more than 32 ports) may be used in middle bands as technology advances lead to antenna arrays with a smaller size. For example, the number of transmit / receive units (TXRUs) used to communicate in a 7 GHz band may be doubled relative to the number of TXRUs used to communicate in a 3.5 GHz band (e.g., from 64 TXRUs to 128 TXRUs) with an antenna array having the same form factor size. Accordingly, in some cases, a precoding matrix codebook or Type I codebook may be enhanced to support a larger number of ports (e.g., up to 128 ports) to accommodate expected advancements in wireless communication technologies.
[0026] However, extending a legacy Type I codebook to support more than 32 ports poses various challenges, particularly with respect to multi-layer transmissions. For example, in a Type I codebook, a full SD basis set includes N1O1N2O2 candidate SD bases, where N1 is a number of ports in a first (e.g., horizontal) dimension, O1 is a DFT oversampling factor in the first dimension, N2 is a number of ports in a second (e.g., vertical) dimension, and O2 is a DFT oversampling factor in the second dimension. For multi-layer CSI reporting in a legacy Type I codebook (e.g., where a rank indicator (RI) has a value greater than 1, and the value of the RI corresponds to a number of layers) , a UE may freely select a first SD basis from the full SD basis set in the Type I codebook for a first layer, and may then select one or more additional SD bases from at most 4 candidate SD bases that are orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis for the additional layer (s) . However, for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting, a legacy Type I codebook defines the orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis only for N1 and N2 values that are supported when the total number of ports is fewer than 16 (e.g., where the total number of ports, PCSI-RS, is 2N1N2) . Accordingly, for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting (e.g., where RI=3 or RI=4) , the orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis that are allowed to be selected for a second SD basis are undefined in an enhanced Type I codebook for supported N1 and N2 values associated with more than 32 ports (e.g., when N1N2 > 16) .
[0027] Furthermore, when a UE performs SD basis selection from an enhanced Type I codebook (e.g., supporting more than 32 ports) and an RI has a value in a range from 5 to 8, the UE may then freely select additional SD bases (e.g., 2 additional SD bases when RI=5-6 or 3 additional SD bases when RI=7-8) such that the additional SD bases are orthogonal in at least one dimension (in a horizontal dimension, a vertical dimension, or both) . However, for an RI=5-8 in a legacy Type I codebook, SD basis selections are encoded according to techniques where orthogonal neighboring SD bases are selected according to a fixed 2×2 or 4×1 pattern. Accordingly, when reporting bases that are selected for five or more layers (e.g., where RI=5-8) using techniques supported by an enhanced Type I codebook for more than 32 ports, techniques for encoding the SD basis selections that are orthogonal in at least one dimension are undefined.
[0028] Various aspects relate generally to techniques for selecting and indicating SD bases for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook. For example, in order to support more than 32 ports, an enhanced Type I codebook may support various (N1, N2) values where a total number of CSI-RS ports across aggregated non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources, 2N1N2, is greater than 32. When an RI=3-4, a UE may freely select a first SD basis from the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set, and may then select a second SD basis from a constrained set of candidate SD bases that are orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis set according to a mapping associated with the (N1, N2) values associated with the UE. For example, in some aspects, the mapping may define the orthogonal neighbors included in the constrained set of candidate SD bases for one or more use cases where 2N1N2>32 (e.g., where N1N2 equals 24, 32, or 64, N2>3, or the like) . In this way, the UE may reference the appropriate mapping associated with the (N1, N2) values to determine the candidate SD bases for the second SD basis selection when the RI=3-4. Furthermore, in cases where the RI=5-8 such that the UE can freely select 2 or 3 additional SD bases such that the additional SD bases are orthogonal in at least one dimension, the additional SD bases may be selected according to a constraint that any two SD basis selections, including the first SD basis selection, are orthogonal in at least one dimension. The UE may then encode the additional SD basis selections according to an index from the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set, or according to a two-part index that includes an oversampled cluster index and an oversampling group index associated with each additional SD basis selection.
[0029] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by defining a mapping for selecting a second SD basis when an RI=3-4 and for encoding and / or indicating additional SD basis selections when an RI=5-8, an enhanced Type I codebook may support one or more (N1, N2) values associated with more than 32 ports and / or may support more flexible SD basis selection techniques (N1, N2) values associated with more than 32 ports. In this way, the described techniques can be used to extend or refine a legacy Type I codebook to support larger antenna arrays that may be used to support operations in middle bands, such as higher frequencies in FR1 (e.g., from 3-6 GHz) or FR3 (e.g., from 7-24 GHz) .
[0030] Multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable wireless communication devices to communicate on a municipal, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . 5G NR supports various technologies and use cases including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) , massive machine-type communication (mMTC) , millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV) .
[0031] As the demand for broadband access increases and as technologies supported by wireless communication networks evolve, further technological improvements may be adopted in or implemented for 5G NR or future RATs, such as 6G, to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a wide variety of existing and new use cases and applications. Such technological improvements may be associated with new frequency band expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, disaggregated network architectures and network topology expansion, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication, IoT (including passive or ambient IoT) networks, reduced capability (RedCap) UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing, and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) , among other examples. These technological improvements may support use cases such as wireless backhauls, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communication, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and cooperative maneuvering, sensing networks, gesture monitoring, human-brain interfacing, digital twin applications, asset management, and universal coverage applications using non-terrestrial and / or aerial platforms, among other examples. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein may enable one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.
[0032] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, among other examples. The wireless communication network 100 may include multiple network nodes 110, shown as a network node (NN) 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, and a network node 110d. The network nodes 110 may support communications with multiple UEs 120, shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, and a UE 120e.
[0033] The network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, carriers, or channels. For example, devices of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless communication network 100 may support a particular RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and may operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include a 4G RAT, a 5G / NR RAT, and / or a 6G RAT, among other examples. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographic area, each RAT in the geographic area may operate on different frequencies to avoid interference with one another.
[0034] Various operating bands have been defined as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz through 7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz through 52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz through 24.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz through 71 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz through 114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz through 300 GHz) . Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in some documents and articles. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in some documents and articles, despite being different than the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz through 300 GHz) , which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies, which include FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Thus, “sub-6 GHz, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are less than 6 GHz, that are within FR1, and / or that are included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term “millimeter wave, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are included in mid-band frequencies, that are within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, or FR5, and / or that are within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands may extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4-1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) , in which multiple RATs (for example, 4G / LTE and 5G / NR) are implemented with dynamic bandwidth allocation (for example, based on user demand) in a single frequency band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (for example, FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein may be applicable to those modified frequency ranges.
[0035] A network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between a UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of the wireless communication network 100. A network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, a 5G network node, a 6G network node, a Node B, an eNB, a gNB, an access point (AP) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a mobility element, a core, a network entity, a network element, a network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN) .
[0036] A network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (for example, a single physical structure) or may be implemented as two or more physical nodes (for example, two or more distinct physical structures) . For example, a network node 110 may be a device or system that implements part of a radio protocol stack, a device or system that implements a full radio protocol stack (such as a full gNB protocol stack) , or a collection of devices or systems that collectively implement the full radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node (having an aggregated architecture) , meaning that the network node 110 may implement a full radio protocol stack that is physically and logically integrated within a single node (for example, a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, an aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses a full radio protocol stack to enable or facilitate communication between a UE 120 and a core network of the wireless communication network 100.
[0037] Alternatively, and as also shown, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station) , meaning that the network node 110 may implement a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations. For example, a disaggregated network node may have a disaggregated architecture. In some deployments, disaggregated network nodes 110 may be used in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) (such as a network configuration in compliance with the O-RAN Alliance) , or in a virtualized radio access network (vRAN) , also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) , to facilitate scaling by separating base station functionality into multiple units that can be individually deployed.
[0038] The network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , and / or one or more radio units (RUs) . A CU may host one or more higher layer control functions, such as radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples. A DU may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some examples, a DU also may host one or more lower PHY layer functions, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT) , an inverse FFT (iFFT) , beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, among other examples. An RU may host RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as an FFT, an iFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, according to a functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120.
[0039] In some aspects, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. Additionally or alternatively, a network node 110 may include one or more Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RICs. In some examples, a CU, a DU, and / or an RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) , among other examples. A virtual unit may be implemented as a virtual network function, such as associated with a cloud deployment.
[0040] Some network nodes 110 (for example, a base station, an RU, or a TRP) may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 or to a network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may support one or multiple (for example, three) cells. In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (for example, several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (for example, a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (for example, UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) ) . A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of an associated mobile network node 110 (for example, a train, a satellite base station, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or a NTN network node) .
[0041] The wireless communication network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, aggregated network nodes, and / or disaggregated network nodes, among other examples. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 130a, the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 130b, and the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 130c. Various different types of network nodes 110 may generally transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different impacts on interference in the wireless communication network 100 than other types of network nodes 110. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (for example, 5 to 40 watts) , whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (for example, 0.1 to 2 watts) .
[0042] In some examples, a network node 110 may be, may include, or may operate as an RU, a TRP, or a base station that communicates with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a “Uu” link) . The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. “Downlink” (or “DL” ) refers to a communication direction from a network node 110 to a UE 120, and “uplink” (or “UL” ) refers to a communication direction from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. A downlink control channel may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI) (for example, scheduling information, reference signals, and / or configuration information) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. A downlink data channel may be used to transmit downlink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. Downlink control channels may include one or more physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) , and downlink data channels may include one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) . Uplink channels may similarly include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. An uplink control channel may be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) (for example, reference signals and / or feedback corresponding to one or more downlink transmissions) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. An uplink data channel may be used to transmit uplink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Uplink control channels may include one or more physical uplink control channels (PUCCHs) , and uplink data channels may include one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCHs) . The downlink and the uplink may each include a set of resources on which the network node 110 and the UE 120 may communicate.
[0043] Downlink and uplink resources may include time domain resources (frames, subframes, slots, and / or symbols) , frequency domain resources (frequency bands, component carriers, subcarriers, resource blocks, and / or resource elements) , and / or spatial domain resources (particular transmit directions and / or beam parameters) . Frequency domain resources of some bands may be subdivided into bandwidth parts (BWPs) . A BWP may be a continuous block of frequency domain resources (for example, a continuous block of resource blocks) that are allocated for one or more UEs 120. A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (where the uplink BWP and the downlink BWP may be the same BWP or different BWPs) . A BWP may be dynamically configured (for example, by a network node 110 transmitting a DCI configuration to the one or more UEs 120) and / or reconfigured, which means that a BWP can be adjusted in real-time (or near-real-time) based on changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or based on the specific requirements of the one or more UEs 120. This enables more efficient use of the available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100 because fewer frequency domain resources may be allocated to a BWP for a UE 120 (which may reduce the quantity of frequency domain resources that a UE 120 is required to monitor) , leaving more frequency domain resources to be spread across multiple UEs 120. Thus, BWPs may also assist in the implementation of lower-capability UEs 120 by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communication by such UEs 120.
[0044] As described above, in some aspects, the wireless communication network 100 may be, may include, or may be included in, an IAB network. In an IAB network, at least one network node 110 is an anchor network node that communicates with a core network. An anchor network node 110 may also be referred to as an IAB donor (or “IAB-donor” ) . The anchor network node 110 may connect to the core network via a wired backhaul link. For example, an Ng interface of the anchor network node 110 may terminate at the core network. Additionally or alternatively, an anchor network node 110 may connect to one or more devices of the core network that provide a core access and mobility management function (AMF) . An IAB network also generally includes multiple non-anchor network nodes 110, which may also be referred to as relay network nodes or simply as IAB nodes (or “IAB-nodes” ) . Each non-anchor network node 110 may communicate directly with the anchor network node 110 via a wireless backhaul link to access the core network, or may communicate indirectly with the anchor network node 110 via one or more other non-anchor network nodes 110 and associated wireless backhaul links that form a backhaul path to the core network. Some anchor network node 110 or other non-anchor network node 110 may also communicate directly with one or more UEs 120 via wireless access links that carry access traffic. In some examples, network resources for wireless communication (such as time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources) may be shared between access links and backhaul links.
[0045] In some examples, any network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay network node, a relay station, or simply as a relay. A relay may receive a transmission of a communication from an upstream station (for example, another network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmit the communication to a downstream station (for example, a UE 120 or another network node 110) . In this case, the wireless communication network 100 may include or be referred to as a “multi-hop network. ” In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110d (for example, a relay network node) may communicate with the network node 110a (for example, a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. Additionally or alternatively, a UE 120 may be or may operate as a relay station that can relay transmissions to or from other UEs 120. A UE 120 that relays communications may be referred to as a UE relay or a relay UE, among other examples.
[0046] The UEs 120 may be physically dispersed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may be, may include, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be, include, or be coupled with a cellular phone (for example, a smart phone) , a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (for example, a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, and / or smart jewelry, such as a smart ring or a smart bracelet) , an entertainment device (for example, a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio) , an XR device, a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device) , a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that may communicate via a wireless medium.
[0047] A UE 120 and / or a network node 110 may include one or more chips, system-on-chips (SoCs) , chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing” ) circuitry in the form of one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs) , graphics processing units (GPUs) , neural processing units (NPUs) and / or digital signal processors (DSPs) ) , processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) ) , or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry” ) . One or more of the processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors collectively configurable or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable or configured to perform a first function of the set and a second processor configurable or configured to perform a second function of the set, or may include the group of processors all being configured or configurable to perform the set of functions.
[0048] The processing system may further include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random-access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) , or combinations thereof (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “memories” or collectively as “the memory” or “the memory circuitry” ) . One or more of the memories may be coupled (for example, operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) with one or more of the processors and may individually or collectively store processor-executable code (such as software) that, when executed by one or more of the processors, may configure one or more of the processors to perform various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more of the processors may be preconfigured to perform various functions or operations described herein without requiring configuration by software. The processing system may further include or be coupled with one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (for example, IEEE compliant) modem or a cellular (for example, 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6G compliant) modem) . In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the modems. The processing system may further include or be coupled with multiple radios (collectively “the radio” ) , multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more of multiple antennas. In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radios, RF chains or transceivers. The UE 120 may include or may be included in a housing that houses components associated with the UE 120 including the processing system.
[0049] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) UEs, evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) , UEs, further enhanced eMTC (feMTC) UEs, or enhanced feMTC (efeMTC) UEs, or further evolutions thereof, all of which may be simply referred to as “MTC UEs” . An MTC UE may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with a robot, an uncrewed aerial vehicle, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and / or a location tag. Some UEs 120 may be considered IoT devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. An IoT UE or NB-IoT device may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with an industrial machine, an appliance, a refrigerator, a doorbell camera device, a home automation device, and / or a light fixture, among other examples. Some UEs 120 may be considered Customer Premises Equipment, which may include telecommunications devices that are installed at a customer location (such as a home or office) to enable access to a service provider's network (such as included in or in communication with the wireless communication network 100) .
[0050] Some UEs 120 may be classified according to different categories in association with different complexities and / or different capabilities. UEs 120 in a first category may facilitate massive IoT in the wireless communication network 100, and may offer low complexity and / or cost relative to UEs 120 in a second category. UEs 120 in a second category may include mission-critical IoT devices, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-tier UEs, advanced UEs, full-capability UEs, and / or premium UEs that are capable of URLLC, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , and / or precise positioning in the wireless communication network 100, among other examples. A third category of UEs 120 may have mid-tier complexity and / or capability (for example, a capability between UEs 120 of the first category and UEs 120 of the second capability) . A UE 120 of the third category may be referred to as a reduced capacity UE ( “RedCap UE” ) , a mid-tier UE, an NR-Light UE, and / or an NR-Lite UE, among other examples. RedCap UEs may bridge a gap between the capability and complexity of NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs, and mission-critical IoT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs may include, for example, wearable devices, IoT devices, industrial sensors, and / or cameras that are associated with a limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range, among other examples. RedCap UEs may support healthcare environments, building automation, electrical distribution, process automation, transport and logistics, and / or smart city deployments, among other examples.
[0051] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (for example, shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly with one another using sidelink communications (for example, without communicating by way of a network node 110 as an intermediary) . As an example, the UE 120a may directly transmit data, control information, or other signaling as a sidelink communication to the UE 120e. This is in contrast to, for example, the UE 120a first transmitting data in an UL communication to a network node 110, which then transmits the data to the UE 120e in a DL communication. In various examples, the UEs 120 may transmit and receive sidelink communications using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication protocols, device-to-device (D2D) communication protocols, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication protocols (which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols) , and / or mesh network communication protocols. In some deployments and configurations, a network node 110 may schedule and / or allocate resources for sidelink communications between UEs 120 in the wireless communication network 100. In some other deployments and configurations, a UE 120 (instead of a network node 110) may perform, or collaborate or negotiate with one or more other UEs to perform, scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations for sidelink communications.
[0052] In various examples, some of the network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may be configured for full-duplex operation in addition to half-duplex operation. A network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a half-duplex mode may perform only one of transmission or reception during particular time resources, such as during particular slots, symbols, or other time periods. Half-duplex operation may involve time-division duplexing (TDD) , in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 and UL transmissions of the UE 120 do not occur in the same time resources (that is, the transmissions do not overlap in time) . In contrast, a network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a full-duplex mode can transmit and receive communications concurrently (for example, in the same time resources) . By operating in a full-duplex mode, network nodes 110 and / or UEs 120 may generally increase the capacity of the network and the radio access link. In some examples, full-duplex operation may involve frequency-division duplexing (FDD) , in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 are performed in a first frequency band or on a first component carrier and transmissions of the UE 120 are performed in a second frequency band or on a second component carrier different than the first frequency band or the first component carrier, respectively. In some examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a UE 120 but not for a network node 110. For example, a UE 120 may simultaneously transmit an UL transmission to a first network node 110 and receive a DL transmission from a second network node 110 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a network node 110 but not for a UE 120. For example, a network node 110 may simultaneously transmit a DL transmission to a first UE 120 and receive an UL transmission from a second UE 120 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for both a network node 110 and a UE 120.
[0053] In some examples, the UEs 120 and the network nodes 110 may perform MIMO communication. “MIMO” generally refers to transmitting or receiving multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) simultaneously over the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques generally exploit multipath propagation. MIMO may be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO may support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, referred to as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) . Some RATs may employ advanced MIMO techniques, such as mTRP operation (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs) , reciprocity in the time domain or the frequency domain, single-frequency-network (SFN) transmission, or non-coherent joint transmission (NC-JT) .
[0054] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may select a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set; select one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two; and transmit , to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0055] As indicated above, Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.
[0056] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node 110 in communication with an example UE 120 in a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0057] As shown in Fig. 2, the network node 110 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, a transmit (TX) MIMO processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a through 232t, where t ≥ 1) , a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a through 234v, where v ≥ 1) , a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, and / or a scheduler 246, among other examples. In some configurations, one or a combination of the antenna (s) 234, the modem (s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 214, and / or the TX MIMO processor 216 may be included in a transceiver of the network node 110. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 240, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 242, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, and / or operations described herein. In some aspects, the network node 110 may include one or more interfaces, communication components, and / or other components that facilitate communication with the UE 120 or another network node.
[0058] The terms “processor, ” “controller, ” or “controller / processor” may refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, reference to “a / the processor, ” “a / the controller / processor, ” or the like (in the singular) should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig. 2, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. Reference to “one or more processors” should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig. 2. For example, one or more processors of the network node 110 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. Similarly, one or more processors of the UE 120 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.
[0059] In some aspects, a single processor may perform all of the operations described as being performed by the one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a first operation described as being performed by the one or more processors, and a second set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a second operation described as being performed by the one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors may be the same set of processors or may be different sets of processors. Reference to “one or more memories” should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of a corresponding device, such as the memory described in connection with Fig. 2. For example, operation described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or different subsets of the one or more memories.
[0060] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the transmit processor 214 may receive data ( “downlink data” ) intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs that includes the UE 120) from the data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or a data queue) . In some examples, the transmit processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for the UE 120 in accordance with one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may process the data (for example, including encoding the data) for transmission to the UE 120 on a downlink in accordance with the MCS (s) selected for the UE 120 to generate data symbols. The transmit processor 214 may process system information (for example, semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI) ) and / or control information (for example, CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmit processor 214 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (for example, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , or a CSI-RS) and / or synchronization signals (for example, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signals (SSS) ) .
[0061] The TX MIMO processor 216 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, T output symbol streams) to the set of modems 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) ) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a time domain downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may together transmit a set of downlink signals (for example, T downlink signals) via the corresponding set of antennas 234.
[0062] A downlink signal may include a DCI communication, a MAC control element (MAC-CE) communication, an RRC communication, a downlink reference signal, or another type of downlink communication. Downlink signals may be transmitted on a PDCCH, a PDSCH, and / or on another downlink channel. A downlink signal may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. A TB may be a unit of data that is transmitted over an air interface in the wireless communication network 100. A data stream (for example, from the data source 212) may be encoded into multiple TBs for transmission over the air interface. The quantity of TBs used to carry the data associated with a particular data stream may be associated with a TB size common to the multiple TBs. The TB size may be based on or otherwise associated with radio channel conditions of the air interface, the MCS used for encoding the data, the downlink resources allocated for transmitting the data, and / or another parameter. In general, the larger the TB size, the greater the amount of data that can be transmitted in a single transmission, which reduces signaling overhead. However, larger TB sizes may be more prone to transmission and / or reception errors than smaller TB sizes, but such errors may be mitigated by more robust error correction techniques.
[0063] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 may be received by an antenna 234, may be processed by a modem 232 (for example, a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of a modem 232) , may be detected by the MIMO detector 236 (for example, a receive (Rx) MIMO processor) if applicable, and / or may be further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to a processor, such as the controller / processor 240.
[0064] The network node 110 may use the scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communications. In some aspects, the scheduler 246 may use DCI to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to the UE 120 and / or UL transmissions from the UE 120. In some examples, the scheduler 246 may allocate recurring time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources that the UE 120 may use to transmit and / or receive communications using an RRC configuration (for example, a semi-static configuration) , for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure a configured grant (CG) for the UE 120.
[0065] One or more of the transmit processor 214, the TX MIMO processor 216, the modem 232, the antenna 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240 may be included in an RF chain of the network node 110. An RF chain may include one or more filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) , and / or other devices that convert between an analog signal (such as for transmission or reception via an air interface) and a digital signal (such as for processing by one or more processors of the network node 110) . In some aspects, the RF chain may be or may be included in a transceiver of the network node 110.
[0066] In some examples, the network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to communicate with a core network and / or with other network nodes. The communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, optical fiber, common public radio interface (CPRI) , and / or a wired or wireless backhaul, among other examples. The network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to transmit and / or receive data associated with the UE 120 or to perform network control signaling, among other examples. The communication unit 244 may include a transceiver and / or an interface, such as a network interface.
[0067] The UE 120 may include a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r, where r ≥ 1) , a set of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a through 254u, where u ≥ 1) , a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, a memory 282, and / or a communication manager 140, among other examples. One or more of the components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of the antenna (s) 252, the modem (s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver that is included in the UE 120. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 280, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 282, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, or operations described herein. In some aspects, the UE 120 may include another interface, another communication component, and / or another component that facilitates communication with the network node 110 and / or another UE 120.
[0068] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the set of antennas 252 may receive the downlink communications or signals from the network node 110 and may provide a set of received downlink signals (for example, R received signals) to the set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a respective demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to condition (for example, filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input samples (for example, for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the set of modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (for example, decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260 (which may include a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120) , and may provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280.
[0069] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data ( “uplink data” ) from a data source 262 (such as a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120) and control information from the controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, the receive processor 258 and / or the controller / processor 280 may determine, for a received signal (such as received from the network node 110 or another UE) , one or more parameters relating to transmission of the uplink communication. The one or more parameters may include a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, a CQI parameter, or a transmit power control (TPC) parameter, among other examples. The control information may include an indication of the RSRP parameter, the RSSI parameter, the RSRQ parameter, the CQI parameter, the TPC parameter, and / or another parameter. The control information may facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for the UE 120 by the network node 110.
[0070] The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as an uplink DMRS, an uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) , and / or another type of reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, and further processed by the set of modems 254 (for example, for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) . The TX MIMO processor 266 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, U output symbol streams) to the set of modems 254. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.
[0071] The modems 254a through 254u may transmit a set of uplink signals (for example, R uplink signals or U uplink symbols) via the corresponding set of antennas 252. An uplink signal may include a UCI communication, a MAC-CE communication, an RRC communication, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on a PUSCH, a PUCCH, and / or another type of uplink channel. An uplink signal may carry one or more TBs of data. Sidelink data and control transmissions (that is, transmissions directly between two or more UEs 120) may generally use similar techniques as were described for uplink data and control transmission, and may use sidelink-specific channels such as a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) , and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) .
[0072] One or more antennas of the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings) , a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or one or more antenna elements coupled with one or more transmission or reception components, such as one or more components of Fig. 2. As used herein, “antenna” can refer to one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. “Antenna panel” can refer to a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel, which may facilitate beamforming by manipulating parameters of the group of antennas. “Antenna module” may refer to circuitry including one or more antennas, which may also include one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.
[0073] In some examples, each of the antenna elements of an antenna 234 or an antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. The antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. A spacing between antenna elements may be such that signals with a desired wavelength transmitted separately by the antenna elements may interact or interfere constructively and destructively along various directions (such as to form a desired beam) . For example, given an expected range of wavelengths or frequencies, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, a half wavelength, or another fraction of a wavelength of spacing between neighboring antenna elements to allow for the desired constructive and destructive interference patterns of signals transmitted by the separate antenna elements within that expected range.
[0074] The amplitudes and / or phases of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements may be modulated and shifted relative to each other (such as by manipulating phase shift, phase offset, and / or amplitude) to generate one or more beams, which is referred to as beamforming. The term “beam” may refer to a directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. “Beam” may also generally refer to a direction associated with such a directional signal transmission, a set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (for example, an angle of arrival, a horizontal direction, and / or a vertical direction) , and / or a set of parameters that indicate one or more aspects of a directional signal, a direction associated with the signal, and / or a set of directional resources associated with the signal. In some implementations, antenna elements may be individually selected or deselected for directional transmission of a signal (or signals) by controlling amplitudes of one or more corresponding amplifiers and / or phases of the signal (s) to form one or more beams. The shape of a beam (such as the amplitude, width, and / or presence of side lobes) and / or the direction of a beam (such as an angle of the beam relative to a surface of an antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes of the multiple signals relative to each other.
[0075] Different UEs 120 or network nodes 110 may include different numbers of antenna elements. For example, a UE 120 may include a single antenna element, two antenna elements, four antenna elements, eight antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements. As another example, a network node 110 may include eight antenna elements, 24 antenna elements, 64 antenna elements, 128 antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements. Generally, a larger number of antenna elements may provide increased control over parameters for beam generation relative to a smaller number of antenna elements, whereas a smaller number of antenna elements may be less complex to implement and may use less power than a larger number of antenna elements. Multiple antenna elements may support multiple-layer transmission, in which a first layer of a communication (which may include a first data stream) and a second layer of a communication (which may include a second data stream) are transmitted using the same time and frequency resources with spatial multiplexing.
[0076] In some aspects, the controller / processor 280 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally be a system or a series of machines or components that receives inputs and processes the inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed to other systems or components of, for example, the UE 120) . For example, a processing system of the UE 120 may be a system that includes the various other components or subcomponents of the UE 120.
[0077] The processing system of the UE 120 may interface with one or more other components of the UE 120, may process information received from one or more other components (such as inputs or signals) , or may output information to one or more other components. For example, a chip or modem of the UE 120 may include a processing system, a first interface to receive or obtain information, and a second interface to output, transmit, or provide information. In some examples, the first interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, such that the UE 120 may receive information or signal inputs, and the information may be passed to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, such that the UE 120 may transmit information output from the chip or modem. A person having ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the second interface also may obtain or receive information or signal inputs, and the first interface also may output, transmit, or provide information.
[0078] In some aspects, the controller / processor 240 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally be a system or a series of machines or components that receives inputs and processes the inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed to other systems or components of, for example, the network node 110) . For example, a processing system of the network node 110 may be a system that includes the various other components or subcomponents of the network node 110.
[0079] The processing system of the network node 110 may interface with one or more other components of the network node 110, may process information received from one or more other components (such as inputs or signals) , or may output information to one or more other components. For example, a chip or modem of the network node 110 may include a processing system, a first interface to receive or obtain information, and a second interface to output, transmit, or provide information. In some examples, the first interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, such that the network node 110 may receive information or signal inputs, and the information may be passed to the processing system. In some examples, the second interface may be an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, such that the network node 110 may transmit information output from the chip or modem. A person having ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the second interface also may obtain or receive information or signal inputs, and the first interface also may output, transmit, or provide information.
[0080] While blocks in Fig. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.
[0081] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300, in accordance with the present disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated base station architecture 300 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more network nodes (such one or more network nodes 110) . The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or that can communicate indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units, such as a Non-RT RIC 350 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 360 and / or a Near-RT RIC 370 (for example, via an E2 link) . The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as via F1 interfaces. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective RF access links. In some deployments, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 340.
[0082] Each of the components of the disaggregated base station architecture 300, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, the Near-RT RICs 370, the Non-RT RICs 350, and the SMO Framework 360, may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via a wired or wireless transmission medium.
[0083] In some aspects, the CU 310 may be logically split into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 310 may be deployed to communicate with one or more DUs 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling. Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. For example, a DU 330 may host various layers, such as an RLC layer, a MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers, such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) may be implemented with an interface for communicating signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or for communicating signals with the control functions hosted by the CU 310. Each RU 340 may implement lower layer functionality. In some aspects, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.
[0084] The SMO Framework 360 may support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface, such as an O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface, such as an O2 interface. A virtualized network element may include, but is not limited to, a CU 310, a DU 330, an RU 340, a non-RT RIC 350, and / or a Near-RT RIC 370. In some aspects, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, a 5G NR RAN, and / or a 6G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 380, via an O1 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective O1 interface. In some deployments, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0085] The Non-RT RIC 350 may include or may implement a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / ML workflows including model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the Near-RT RIC 370. The Non-RT RIC 350 may be coupled to or may communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC
[0086] 370. The Near-RT RIC 370 may include or may implement a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions via an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, and / or an O-eNB with the Near-RT RIC 370.
[0087] In some aspects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 370, the Non-RT RIC 350 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 370 and may be received at the SMO Framework 360 or the Non-RT RIC 350 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 350 or the Near-RT RIC 370 may tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 350 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO Framework 360 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies) .
[0088] The network node 110, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the UE 120, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, the RU 340, or any other component (s) of Figs. 1, 2, or 3 may implement one or more techniques or perform one or more operations associated with SD basis selection and indication for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, any other component (s) (or combinations of components) of Fig. 2, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 800 of Fig. 8 or other processes as described herein (alone or in conjunction with one or more other processors) . The memory 242 may store data and program codes for the network node 110, the network node 110, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340. The memory 282 may store data and program codes for the UE 120. In some examples, the memory 242 or the memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions (for example, code or program code) for wireless communication. The memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types) . The memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types) . For example, the set of instructions, when executed (for example, directly, or after compiling, converting, or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110, the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340, may cause the one or more processors to perform process 800 of Fig. 8 or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.
[0089] In some aspects, the UE 120 includes means for selecting a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set; means for selecting one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two; and / or means for transmitting, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI. The means for the UE 120 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.
[0090] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of SD basis selection for a precoding matrix codebook, in accordance with the present disclosure. More particularly, in a CSI framework, a network node 110 and a UE 120 may use a codebook to configure one or more beams that the network node 110 and the UE 120 use to communicate over a wireless channel. In some cases, the codebook may include various predefined precoding matrices that are used for beamforming or MIMO transmission (e.g., to steer a transmitted signal toward an intended receiver in order to create spatial diversity, improve spectral efficiency, and / or improve signal quality, among other examples) . For example, the network node may transmit one or more CSI-RSs or other suitable reference signals to a UE, and the UE may then select a PMI from a codebook (e.g., a DFT or Type I codebook) that includes various predefined precoding matrices according to measurements associated with the reference signals.
[0091] In general, a total quantity of candidate beams in the codebook may be related to a quantity of CSI-RS ports and a degree of DFT oversampling used for beamformed communication. In particular, the total quantity of candidate beams in the codebook may be N1O1N2O2 , where N1 is a quantity of antenna ports for each polarization (for example, vertical and horizontal polarizations) in a horizontal dimension, N2 is a quantity of antenna ports for each polarization in a vertical dimension, O1 is a DFT oversampling factor in the horizontal dimension, and O2 is a DFT oversampling factor in the vertical dimension. Furthermore, because N1 and N2 respectively refer to quantities of antenna ports for each polarization in the horizontal and vertical dimensions, the total quantity of CSI-RS antenna ports, PCSI-RS, is 2N1N2. For example, in a codebook that supports a maximum of 32 CSI-RS ports (for example, for up to 8 layers) , supported configurations for (N1, N2) and (O1, O2) may be as follows:
[0092] As described herein, when a UE 120 is configured to select a PMI corresponding to a preferred precoder from a Type I codebook or similar codebook with predefined precoding matrices, the precoding matrices may be defined for one layer or for multiple (e.g., up to eight) layers, where a layer generally corresponds to a stream in MIMO-enabled spatial multiplexing (e.g., signals that are simultaneously transmitted using the same time and frequency resources) . In some cases, where a RI has a value greater than or equal to 2 (where the RI corresponds to a number of layers) , the UE may freely select a first SD basis from the codebook for a first layer, and candidate SD bases for one or more additional layers may be constrained to ensure that SD basis selections are orthogonal between layers. For example, SD basis selections may be orthogonal between layers by constraining SD basis selections to orthogonal SD bases associated with the same oversampling group index g∈ {0, 1, …, O1O2-1} (e.g., such that an SD basis selection matrix, W1, includes orthogonal SD bases represented by the SD basis vectors …) . Additionally, or alternatively, orthogonality between layers may be achieved by associating a particular SD basis with an opposite (e.g., orthogonal) cophase matrix represented as w2, between polarizations, such that a precoding matrix
[0093] For example, in a legacy Type I codebook when an RI=2-4, a UE generally selects two SD bases, where the UE may freely select the first SD basis from the full candidate SD basis set that includes N1O1N2O2 SD bases, and the UE can then select the second SD basis from at most 4 SD bases that are orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis, which are defined according to values for a k1 parameter that refers to an offset from the first SD basis selection in the N1 dimension and a k2 parameter that refers to an offset from the first SD basis selection in the N2 dimension. For example, reference numbers 410-1 and 410-2 refer to an example Type I codebook associated with a configuration with 3 antenna ports in the horizontal dimension (N1=3) , 2 antenna ports in the vertical dimension (N2=2) , a DFT oversampling factor of 4 in the horizontal dimension (O1=4) , and a DFT oversampling factor of 4 in the vertical dimension (O2=4) . Accordingly, as shown in Fig. 4, the full candidate SD basis set includes N1O1N2O2 candidate SD bases in 12 columns (N1O1=12) and 8 rows (N2O2=8) , which are divided into 6 oversampled clusters (N1N2=6) that each include 16 oversampling groups (O1O2=16) . As described herein, each element in the codebook 410 corresponds to an SD basis, b, and a UE 120 may select any SD basis from the N1O1N2O2 space for a first layer (for example, in accordance with measurements of one or more CSI-RSs or other suitable reference signals transmitted by a network node 110) . For example, referring to Fig. 4, a UE 120 may select a beam or SD basis corresponding to the entry shown with a solid black fill for a first layer. In cases where an RI=2-4, the UE 120 may select a second SD basis from at most 4 orthogonal neighbors defined according to the values of the k1 and k2 parameters.
[0094] For example, Fig. 4 illustrates a first mapping 420-1 to a set of candidate orthogonal neighbors that can be selected for a second SD basis for 2-layer CSI reporting (e.g., when RI=2) . For example, as shown in Fig. 4, there are four options for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter when N1>N2>1, four options for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter when N1=N2, two options for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter when N1=2 and N2=1, and four options for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter when N1>2 and N2=1. Accordingly, for 2-layer CSI reporting, the UE 120 may generally determine the appropriate options in the mapping 420-1 according to the values of N1 and N2 and select an optimal value of an i1, 3 parameter corresponding to the second SD basis. For example, where N1=3 and N2=2, the available options for the second SD basis are provided by the options for N1>N2>1. In particular, as shown by reference number 410-1, where N1>N2>1, the options for (k1, k2) are (0, 0) , which corresponds to the same SD basis as the first SD basis, (O1, 0) , which corresponds to an SD basis that has an offset of 4 from the first SD basis in the N1 dimension, (0, O2) , which corresponds to an SD basis that has an offset of 4 from the first SD basis in the N2 dimension, or (2O1, 0) , which corresponds to an SD basis that has an offset of 8 from the first SD basis in the N1 dimension. Accordingly, the UE 120 may select the second SD basis for the second layer from the four possible options for N1>N2>1.
[0095] Alternatively, for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting, the UE 120 may determine the appropriate options for the second SD basis according to the mapping 420-2, which are defined for specific (N1, N2) values when a total number of ports, PCSI-RS, defined as 2N1N2, is fewer than 16. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the mapping for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting defines up to 4 options for (k1, k2) that are applicable for (N1, N2) values corresponding to (2, 1) , (4, 1) , (6, 1) , (2, 2) , and (3, 2) . Accordingly, where N1=3 and N2=2, the available options for the second SD basis are provided in the right-most column of the mapping 420-2. In particular, as shown by reference number 410-2, where N1=3 and N2=2, the options for (k1, k2) are (O1, 0) , which corresponds to an SD basis that has an offset of 4 from the first SD basis in the N1 dimension, (0, O2) , which corresponds to an SD basis that has an offset of 4 from the first SD basis in the N2 dimension, (O1, O2) , which corresponds to an SD basis that has an offset of 4 from the first SD basis in the N1 dimension and an offset of 4 from the first SD basis in the N2 dimension, or (2O1, 0) , which corresponds to an SD basis that has an offset of 8 from the first SD basis in the N1 dimension. Accordingly, the UE 120 may select the second SD basis for the second layer from the four possible options for N1=3 and N2=2 for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting.
[0096] Alternatively, when an RI=5-8, the UE may select orthogonal neighboring SD bases with a fixed pattern. For example, the UE may select the orthogonal neighboring SD bases according to a 2×2 pattern given by { (i1, 1, i1, 2) , (i1, 1+O1, i1, 2) , (i1, 1, i1, 2+O2) , (i1, 1+O1, i1, 2+O2)}, or according to a 4×1 pattern given by { (i1, 1, 0) , (i1, 1+O1, 0) , (i1, 1+2O1, 0) , (i1, 1+3O1, 0)}, where i1, 1 indicates a position l of an SD basis in an N1 dimension, l∈ {0, 1, …, N1O1-1} , and i1, 2 indicates a position m of an SD basis in an N2 dimension, m∈ {0, 1, …, N2O2-1} .
[0097] Furthermore, for RI=1-8, a cophase pattern may be restricted such that the same cophase is used for more than one pair of layers, where the cophase may be wideband or per sub-band. For example, 2 layers (one layer pair) are defined for an RI=2 by the precoding matrix and the first 4 layers (or 2 layer pairs) are defined for an RI=4, 6, or 8 according to the precoding matrix
[0098] As indicated above, Fig. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 4.
[0099] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 associated with an enhanced precoding matrix, in accordance with the present disclosure. More particularly, when a UE is configured to select a PMI corresponding to a preferred precoder from a legacy Type I codebook (e.g., using techniques described above with reference to Fig. 4) , the precoding matrices may be defined to support at most 32 ports. For example, a low-band frequency range, such as FR1 spanning 410 MHz through 7.125 GHz, is generally deployed only with a relatively small number of ports because UE form factors may limit an antenna array size. Furthermore, UEs that operate in some higher frequency ranges such as FR2 (e.g., 28 GHz and above) may also use a relatively small number of ports (e.g., 2 ports or 4 ports) to reduce hardware costs, and because a small number of ports typically provide acceptable performance for narrow analog beams implemented with a large phased array (e.g., 1024 antenna elements) . However, a relatively larger number of ports (e.g., 16, 24, or 32 ports) may be used for operations in middle bands, such as higher frequencies in FR1 (e.g., from 3-6 GHz) or FR3 (e.g., from 7-24 GHz) , and an even larger number of ports (e.g., more than 32 ports) may be used in middle bands as technology advances lead to antenna arrays with a smaller size. For example, the number of TXRUs used to communicate in a 7 GHz band may be doubled relative to the number of TXRUs used to communicate in a 3.5 GHz band (e.g., from 64 TXRUs to 128 TXRUs) ) with an antenna array having the same form factor size.
[0100] Accordingly, in some cases, a precoding matrix codebook or Type I codebook may be enhanced to support a larger number of ports (e.g., up to 128 ports) to accommodate expected advancements in wireless communication technologies. For example, a larger quantity of CSI-RS ports (e.g., more than 32 ports) may be supported by extending or refining a Type I codebook to support one or more (N1, N2) values where N1N2>16 such that the total number of CSI-RS ports across aggregated resources, P=2N1N2, exceeds 32. For example, referring to Fig. 5, reference number 510 depicts example (N1, N2) values that may be supported in a Type I codebook for antenna arrays where the total number of CSI-RS ports across aggregated resources is 48, 64, or 128. Furthermore, reference number 520 illustrates an example antenna array 520 associated with a particular configuration where N1=8 and N2=4, which may be used in a 192-dipole active antenna unit (AAU) with 64 TXRUs, deployed at 3.5 GHz.
[0101] However, extending a legacy Type I codebook to support more than 32 ports poses various challenges, particularly with respect to multi-layer transmissions. For example, as described herein, a full SD basis set in a Type I codebook includes N1O1N2O2 candidate SD bases, where a UE may freely select a first SD basis in the full SD basis set for an RI=1-4. For an RI=2-4, the UE may then further select a second SD basis from at most 4 candidate SD bases that are orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis. However, for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting, a legacy Type I codebook defines the orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis only for N1 and N2 values that are supported when the total number of ports is fewer than 16 (e.g., where the total number of ports, PCSI-RS, is 2N1N2) . For example, in Fig. 5, reference number 530 illustrates supported (N1, N2) and (O1, O2) values for up to 32 ports, and reference number 540 illustrates an example mapping to the set of orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting when PCSI-RS < 16. As shown, for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting (e.g., where RI=3 or RI=4) , the orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis that are allowed to be selected for a second SD basis are undefined for the (N1, N2) values associated with more than 32 ports (e.g., none of the (N1, N2) values that are supported for more than 32 ports have a corresponding entry in the mapping that is defined for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting) .
[0102] Furthermore, when a UE performs SD basis selection from an enhanced Type I codebook (e.g., supporting more than 32 ports) and an RI has a value in a range from 5 to 8, the UE freely selects the first SD basis from the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set, and the UE may then freely select additional SD bases (e.g., 2 additional SD bases when RI=5-6 or 3 additional SD bases when RI=7-8) such that the additional SD bases are orthogonal in at least one dimension (in a horizontal dimension, a vertical dimension, or both) . However, for an RI=5-8 in a legacy Type I codebook, SD basis selections are encoded according to techniques where orthogonal neighboring SD bases are selected according to a fixed 2×2 or 4×1 pattern. Accordingly, when reporting bases that are selected for five or more layers (e.g., where RI=5-8) using techniques supported by an enhanced Type I codebook for more than 32 ports, techniques for encoding the SD basis selections that are orthogonal in at least one dimension are undefined.
[0103] Various aspects relate generally to techniques for selecting and indicating SD bases for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook. For example, in order to support more than 32 ports, an enhanced Type I codebook may support various (N1, N2) values where a total number of CSI-RS ports across aggregated NZP CSI-RS resources, 2N1N2, is greater than 32. When an RI=3-4, a UE may freely select a first SD basis from the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set, and may then select a second SD basis from a constrained set of candidate SD bases that are orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis set according to a mapping associated with the (N1, N2) values associated with the UE. For example, in some aspects, the mapping may define the orthogonal neighbors included in the constrained set of candidate SD bases for one or more use cases where 2N1N2>32 (e.g., where N1N2 equals 24, 32, or 64, N2>3, or the like) . In this way, the UE may reference the appropriate mapping associated with the (N1, N2) values to determine the candidate SD bases for the second SD basis selection when the RI=3-4. Furthermore, in cases where the RI=5-8 such that the UE can freely select 2 or 3 additional SD bases such that the additional SD bases are orthogonal in at least one dimension, the additional SD bases may be selected according to a constraint that any two SD basis selections, including the first SD basis selection, are orthogonal in at least one dimension. The UE may then encode the additional SD basis selections according to an index from the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set, or according to a two-part index that includes an oversampled cluster index and an oversampling group index associated with each additional SD basis selection.
[0104] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by defining a mapping for selecting a second SD basis when an RI=3-4 and for encoding and / or indicating additional SD basis selections when an RI=5-8, an enhanced Type I codebook may support one or more (N1, N2) values associated with more than 32 ports and / or may support more flexible SD basis selection techniques (N1, N2) values associated with more than 32 ports. In this way, the described techniques can be used to extend or refine a legacy Type I codebook to support larger antenna arrays that may be used to support operations in middle bands, such as higher frequencies in FR1 (e.g., from 3-6 GHz) or FR3 (e.g., from 7-24 GHz) .
[0105] As indicated above, Fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 5.
[0106] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating examples 600 associated with a rank 3 or rank 4 SD basis selection and indication for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook, or enhanced Type I codebook, in accordance with the present disclosure. In particular, when an RI=3 (corresponding to three layers) or an RI=4 (corresponding to four layers) , a UE may generally select a first SD basis and a second SD basis and transmit, to a network node, CSI that indicates the first SD basis, the second SD basis, the RI, and / or other suitable parameters (e.g., a cophase) . For example, as described herein, the UE may freely select the first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set in a Type I codebook, which includes N1O1N2O2 SD bases. The UE may then select the second SD basis from a subset of the N1O1N2O2 SD bases in the full candidate SD basis set, where the candidate SD bases for the second SD basis may be constrained to one or more orthogonal neighbors of the first SD basis. In some aspects, the candidate SD bases for the second SD basis may be defined according to a set of candidate values for a k1 parameter and a k2 parameter, which respectively define offsets or one-dimension index differences relative to the first SD basis selection. Furthermore, the candidate values for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter may be defined for one or more (N1, N2) values.
[0107] For example, in some aspects, reference numbers 610 and 620 in Fig. 6 refer to example mappings to orthogonal neighbors of a first SD basis selection for 3-layer CSI reporting (e.g., RI=3) and 4-layer CSI reporting (e.g., RI=4) for (N1, N2) values associated with more than 32 ports. For example, in some aspects, the mappings shown by reference numbers 610 and 620 may define candidate values for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter where the total number of CSI-RS ports across aggregated resources, 2N1N2, is 48, 64, 128, or any other suitable value that exceeds 32. For example, in some aspects, the mappings shown by reference numbers 610 and 620 may define candidate values for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter for (N1, N2) values where (N1=8, N2=3) , (N1=6, N2=4) , (N1=16, N2=2) , (N1=8, N2=4) , (N1=16, N2=4) , and / or (N1=8, N2=8) , among other examples.
[0108] For example, in some aspects, the mapping shown by reference number 610 may be the same or similar as a mapping used for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting for (N1, N2) values where (N1=3, N2=2) . In some aspects, as shown by reference number 610, candidate values for (k1, k2) when 2N1N2>32 may be (O1, 0) , (0, O2) , (O1, O2) , or (2O1, 0) . For example, reference number 615 depicts an example candidate SD basis set where N1=6, N2=4, O1=4, and O2= 4. In this example, where 2N1N2=48, the UE may freely select a first SD basis from the N1O1N2O2 SD bases forming the full candidate SD basis set, where a position of the first SD basis in the full candidate SD basis set may be denoted (l, m) . Accordingly, the UE may then select a second SD basis from a constrained candidate SD basis set that includes orthogonal neighbors at positions (l+O1, m) , (l, m+O2) , (l+O1, m+O2) , and (l+2O1, m) .
[0109] Alternatively, in some aspects, the mapping shown by reference number 620 may be the same or similar as a mapping used for 3-layer or 4-layer CSI reporting for (N1, N2) values where (N1=N2=2) . In some aspects, as shown by reference number 620, candidate values for (k1, k2) when 2N1N2>32 may be (O1, 0) , (0, O2) , or (O1, O2) (e.g., constrained to 3 options) . For example, reference number 625 depicts an example candidate SD basis set where N1=6, N2=4, O1=4, and O2= 4. In this example, where 2N1N2=48, the UE may freely select a first SD basis from the N1O1N2O2 SD bases forming the full candidate SD basis set, where a position of the first SD basis in the full candidate SD basis set may be denoted (l, m) . The UE may then select a second SD basis from a constrained candidate SD basis set that includes orthogonal neighbors at positions (l+O1, m) , (l, m+O2) , and (l+O1, m+O2) .
[0110] Alternatively, in some aspects, reference number 630 refers to an example mapping to orthogonal neighbors of a first SD basis selection for 3-layer CSI reporting (e.g., RI=3) and 4-layer CSI reporting (e.g., RI=4) for (N2≥3) , which may correspond to various (N1, N2) values associated with more than 32 ports. For example, in some aspects, the mapping shown by reference number 630 may define candidate values for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter for (N1, N2) values where (N1=8, N2=3) , (N1=6, N2=4) , (N1=8, N2=4) , (N1=16, N2=4) , and / or (N1=8, N2=8) , among other examples. Furthermore, the mapping shown by reference number 630 may define more than 4 candidate values for the k1 parameter and the k2 parameter (e.g., using three bits to report a codepoint for the selected value of the i1, 3 parameter that corresponds to the (k1, k2) values for the second SD basis selection) . In this way, the mapping shown by reference number 630 may increase the number of orthogonal neighbors that the UE may consider when selecting a second SD basis. For example, reference number 635 depicts an example candidate SD basis set where N2≥3. In this example, where N2=4, the UE may freely select a first SD basis from the N1O1N2O2SD bases forming the full candidate SD basis set, where a position of the first SD basis in the full candidate SD basis set may be denoted (l, m) . The UE may then select a second SD basis from a constrained candidate SD basis set that includes up to 8 orthogonal neighbors at different positions that are related to the value of O1, which is the oversampling factor in the N1 dimension, and / or the value of O2, which is the oversampling factor in the N2 dimension.
[0111] As indicated above, Fig. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 6.
[0112] Figs. 7A-7C are diagrams illustrating examples 700 associated with rank 5-8 SD basis selection and indication for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook, or enhanced Type I codebook that supports more than 32 ports, in accordance with the present disclosure. In particular, examples 700 are applicable in cases when an RI=5-8 (corresponding to at least five layers and up to eight layers) , and the UE selects total SD bases according to a scheme in which a first SD basis is freely selected from a full candidate SD basis set that includes N1O1N2O2 SD bases, and then freely selects two additional SD bases (when RI=5-6) or three additional SD bases (when RI=7-8) such that the first SD basis and the additional SD bases are orthogonal in at least one dimension (e.g., an N1 dimension, an N2 dimension, or both the N1 and N2 dimensions) . Layers may be mapped to the selected SD basis vectors using similar techniques as a legacy Type I codebook that supports up to 32 ports. Furthermore, one cophase, may be applied across all layers, where Accordingly, when an RI=5-8 and an enhanced Type I codebook supports more than 32 ports, the UE may select a first SD basis and either two or three additional SD bases and transmit, to a network node, CSI that indicates the first SD basis, the additional SD bases, and the RI.
[0113] In some aspects, when reporting the SD basis selections, the UE may indicate the first SD basis selection according to an i1, 1 parameter and i1, 2 parameter. In particular, i1, 1 indicates a position l of the first SD basis in an N1 dimension, where l∈{0,1, …, N1O1-1} , and i1, 2 indicates a position m of the first SD basis in an N2dimension, where m∈ {0, 1, …, N2O2-1} . Furthermore, as shown by reference number 710, the additional SD bases may each be indicated according to an index within the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set. For example, each additional SD basis selection has a position (l, m) within the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set, whereby the index within the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set may be encoded and indicated using bits (e.g., to separately indicate the position l in the N1 dimension and the position m in the N2 dimension) . Alternatively, in some aspects, the index within the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set may be encoded and indicated using bits. Alternatively, an index associated with a selected SD basis vector, vl, m, may be directly encoded as l·N2O2+m.
[0114] Alternatively, as shown by reference number 720, the additional SD bases may be indicated according to an index that may be encoded and / or indicated in two stages or two parts. For example, as described herein, the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set generally includes N1N2 oversampled clusters, which are shown in Figs. 7A-7C as 4×4 grids with relatively thick borders (e.g., based on O1=4 and O2=4) . As further shown in Figs. 7A-7C, each oversampled cluster includes O1O2 oversampling groups. Accordingly, in some aspects, the index associated with each additional SD basis may each be indicated according to a first index associated with the oversampled cluster that includes the selected SD basis and a second index associated with the oversampling group associated with the selected SD basis. For example, in some aspects, the oversampled cluster index associated with each additional SD basis selection may be separately encoded or indicated using bits. Alternatively, the oversampled cluster index associated with the additional SD basis selections may be jointly encoded or indicated using a combinatorial value using bits.
[0115] In some aspects, as described herein, the UE freely selects the first SD basis selection from the full N1O1N2O2 candidate SD basis set, which includes all the O1O2oversampling group indexes. Accordingly, for the first SD basis selection, the oversampling group index may be encoded or indicated using bits. Furthermore, because each additional SD basis is subject to a constraint that the additional SD basis is orthogonal to the first SD basis in at least one dimension, the UE selects each additional SD basis from O1+O2-1 oversampling group indexes. For example, within each oversampled cluster, there are O1 oversampling groups that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in the N2 dimension and O2 oversampling groups that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in the N1 dimension. Accordingly, the oversampling group index associated with each additional SD basis selection may be encoded or indicated using bits, where 1 is subtracted from the sum of O1 and O2 to account for the oversampling group that is orthogonal to the first SD basis in the N1 dimension and the N2 dimension.
[0116] Alternatively, as shown by reference number 722 in Fig. 7B, the oversampling group index associated with each additional SD basis may be indicated according to a one-dimension difference relative to the first SD basis. For example, in some aspects, the UE may use 1 bit to report or indicate whether the one-dimension difference is indicated for the N1 dimension or the N2 dimension, where a one-dimension index difference for any two SD basis selections may be subject to a constraint that the one-dimension index difference is an integer multiple of the oversampling factor in the associated dimension. For example, as shown by reference number 724, given a first SD basis selection denoted (l, m) and a second SD basis selection denoted (l′, m′) , a one-dimension index difference in the N1 dimension, |l-l′|, is an integer multiple of O1, which is the oversampling factor in the N1 dimension. Similarly, as shown by reference number 726, a one-dimension index difference in the N2 dimension, |m-m′|, is an integer multiple of O2, which is the oversampling factor in the N2dimension. Accordingly, when RI=5-8, the two or three additional SD bases are selected from O1 or O2 oversampling group indexes, q1 and q2, where q1∈ {0, 1, …, O1-1} and q2∈ {0, 1, …, O2-1} . The oversampling group indexes, q1 and q2, may therefore be indicated using bits or bits. Furthermore, the value of the integer multiple of the one-dimension index difference can be zero, in which case the two SD basis selections should be orthogonal in the other dimension.
[0117] Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 7C, and by reference number 730, any two SD basis selections, including the first SD basis selection, may be subject to a constraint that the two SD basis selections are orthogonal in at least one dimension (e.g., the N1dimension, the N2 dimension, or both) when an RI=5-8. For example, for any two SD basis selections denoted (l, m) and (l′, m′) , the two SD basis selections are orthogonal in the N1 dimension when |l-l′| is a positive integer multiple of O1. Similarly, the two SD basis selections are orthogonal in the N2 dimension when |m-m′| is a positive integer multiple of O2. Furthermore, the two SD basis selections are orthogonal in the N1 dimension and N2 dimension when |l-l′| is a positive integer multiple of O1 and |m-m′| is a positive integer multiple of O2. For example, in Fig. 7C, a first SD basis selection (shown with a black fill and the number “1” ) is orthogonal to a second SD basis selection (shown with a black fill and the number “2” ) in the N2 dimension and orthogonal to a third SD basis selection (shown with a black fill and the number “3” ) in the N2 dimension because |m-m′|=4, which is a positive integer multiple of O2=4. Furthermore, the second SD basis selection is orthogonal to the third SD basis selection in the N1 dimension because |l-l′|=4, which is a positive integer multiple of O1=4.
[0118] As indicated above, Figs. 7A-7C are provided as examples. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Figs. 7A-7C.
[0119] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with SD basis selection and indication for an enhanced precoding matrix codebook.
[0120] As shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include selecting a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set (block 810) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 906, depicted in Fig. 9) may select a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set, as described above.
[0121] As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include selecting one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two (block 820) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 906, depicted in Fig. 9) may select one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two, as described above.
[0122] As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include transmitting, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI (block 830) . For example, the UE (e.g., using transmission component 904 and / or communication manager 906, depicted in Fig. 9) may transmit, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI, as described above.
[0123] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0124] In a first aspect, the value of the RI is three or four, and the constrained candidate SD basis set is associated with a mapping of neighbors that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in two dimensions for the total number of CSI-RS ports.
[0125] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the mapping is associated with three ports in a first dimension of the two dimensions and two ports in a second dimension of the two dimensions.
[0126] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the mapping is associated with two ports in a first dimension of the two dimensions and two ports in a second dimension of the two dimensions.
[0127] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the mapping is associated with an antenna configuration that includes more than thirty-two ports and differs from a mapping associated with an antenna configuration that includes fewer than sixteen ports.
[0128] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the mapping is associated with an antenna configuration that includes at least three ports in a vertical dimension of the two dimensions.
[0129] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the constrained candidate SD basis set includes more than four SD bases.
[0130] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the value of the RI is at least five, and the CSI feedback indicates respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in at least one dimension within the full candidate SD basis set.
[0131] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to a first codepoint that indicates a first value in a first dimension using a first number of bits associated with a first number of ports and a first oversampling factor in the first dimension, and a second codepoint that indicates a second value in a second dimension using a second number of bits associated with a second number of ports and a second oversampling factor in the second dimension.
[0132] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to a single codepoint using a number of bits associated with a number of SD bases in the full candidate SD basis set.
[0133] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to an oversampled cluster index and an oversampling group index.
[0134] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the oversampled cluster index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampled clusters in the full candidate SD basis set.
[0135] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the oversampled cluster index is a combinatorial value that is associated with the first SD basis and the one or more additional SD bases and indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampled clusters and a ceiling of half of the value of the RI.
[0136] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the oversampling group index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampling groups that are orthogonal to an oversampling group associated with the first SD basis in at least one dimension.
[0137] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, the oversampling group index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using a first bit indicating a dimension in which the oversampling group index associated with the one or more additional SD bases is orthogonal to an oversampling group index associated with the first SD basis, and one or more bits indicating a one-dimensional difference between the oversampling group index associated with the one or more additional SD bases and the oversampling group index associated with the first SD basis.
[0138] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, any two SD bases, of the first SD basis and the one or more additional SD bases, are orthogonal to each other in at least one dimension.
[0139] Although Fig. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects, process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 8. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.
[0140] Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example apparatus 900 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 900 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 includes a reception component 902, a transmission component 904, and / or a communication manager 906, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components) . In some aspects, the communication manager 906 is the communication manager 140 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 900 may communicate with another apparatus 908, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 902 and the transmission component 904.
[0141] In some aspects, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Fig. 6 and / or Figs. 7A-7C. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 800 of Fig. 8 or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 9 may include one or more components of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0142] The reception component 902 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 908. The reception component 902 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2.
[0143] The transmission component 904 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 900 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 904 for transmission to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may be co-located with the reception component 902 in one or more transceivers.
[0144] The communication manager 906 may support operations of the reception component 902 and / or the transmission component 904. For example, the communication manager 906 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 902 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 904. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 906 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 902 and / or the transmission component 904 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.
[0145] The communication manager 906 may select a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set. The communication manager 906 may select one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two. The transmission component 904 may transmit, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.
[0146] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 9 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 9. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 9 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 9.
[0147] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:
[0148] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a UE, comprising: selecting a first SD basis from a full candidate SD basis set; selecting one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of an RI and a total number of CSI-RS ports exceeding thirty-two; and transmitting, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.
[0149] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the value of the RI is three or four, and wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is associated with a mapping of neighbors that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in two dimensions for the total number of CSI-RS ports.
[0150] Aspect 3: The method of Aspect 2, wherein the mapping is associated with three ports in a first dimension of the two dimensions and two ports in a second dimension of the two dimensions.
[0151] Aspect 4: The method of Aspect 2, wherein the mapping is associated with two ports in a first dimension of the two dimensions and two ports in a second dimension of the two dimensions.
[0152] Aspect 5: The method of Aspect 2, wherein the mapping is associated with an antenna configuration that includes more than thirty-two ports and differs from a mapping associated with an antenna configuration that includes fewer than sixteen ports.
[0153] Aspect 6: The method of Aspect 2, wherein the mapping is associated with an antenna configuration that includes at least three ports in a vertical dimension of the two dimensions.
[0154] Aspect 7: The method of Aspect 2, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set includes more than four SD bases.
[0155] Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1-7, wherein the value of the RI is at least five, and wherein the CSI feedback indicates respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in at least one dimension within the full candidate SD basis set.
[0156] Aspect 9: The method of Aspect 8, wherein the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to: a first codepoint that indicates a first value in a first dimension using a first number of bits associated with a first number of ports and a first oversampling factor in the first dimension, and a second codepoint that indicates a second value in a second dimension using a second number of bits associated with a second number of ports and a second oversampling factor in the second dimension.
[0157] Aspect 10: The method of Aspect 8, wherein the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to a single codepoint using a number of bits associated with a number of SD bases in the full candidate SD basis set.
[0158] Aspect 11: The method of Aspect 8, wherein the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to an oversampled cluster index and an oversampling group index.
[0159] Aspect 12: The method of Aspect 11, wherein the oversampled cluster index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampled clusters in the full candidate SD basis set.
[0160] Aspect 13: The method of Aspect 11, wherein the oversampled cluster index is a combinatorial value that is associated with the first SD basis and the one or more additional SD bases and indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampled clusters and a ceiling of half of the value of the RI.
[0161] Aspect 14: The method of Aspect 11, wherein the oversampling group index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampling groups that are orthogonal to an oversampling group associated with the first SD basis in at least one dimension.
[0162] Aspect 15: The method of Aspect 11, wherein the oversampling group index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using: a first bit indicating a dimension in which the oversampling group index associated with the one or more additional SD bases is orthogonal to an oversampling group index associated with the first SD basis, and one or more bits indicating a one-dimensional difference between the oversampling group index associated with the one or more additional SD bases and the oversampling group index associated with the first SD basis.
[0163] Aspect 16: The method of Aspect 8, wherein any two SD bases, of the first SD basis and the one or more additional SD bases, are orthogonal to each other in at least one dimension.
[0164] Aspect 17: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-16.
[0165] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-16.
[0166] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-16.
[0167] Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-16.
[0168] Aspect 21: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-16.
[0169] Aspect 22: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-16.
[0170] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-16.
[0171] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.
[0172] As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, the phrase “based on” is intended to be broadly construed to mean “based at least in part on. ” As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or not equal to the threshold, among other examples. As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c.
[0173] Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more. ” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items (for example, related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items) , and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has, ” “have, ” “having, ” and similar terms are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (for example, an element “having” A also may have B) . Further, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or, ” unless explicitly stated otherwise (for example, if used in combination with “either” or “only one of” ) .
[0174] The various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, circuits and algorithm processes described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been described generally, in terms of functionality, and illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits and processes described herein. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0175] The hardware and data processing apparatus used to implement the various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose single-or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor also may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some aspects, particular processes and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function.
[0176] In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents thereof, or in any combination thereof. Aspects of the subject matter described in this specification also can be implemented as one or more computer programs (such as one or more modules of computer program instructions) encoded on a computer storage media for execution by, or to control the operation of, a data processing apparatus.
[0177] If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. The processes of a method or algorithm disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor-executable software module which may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that may be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that may be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection can be properly termed a computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD) , laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the media described herein should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method or algorithm may reside as one or any combination or set of codes and instructions on a machine readable medium and computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.
[0178] Various modifications to the aspects described in this disclosure may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, the principles and the novel features disclosed herein.
[0179] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate, the terms “upper” and “lower” are sometimes used for ease of describing the figures, and indicate relative positions corresponding to the orientation of the figure on a properly oriented page, and may not reflect the proper orientation of any device as implemented.
[0180] Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate aspects also can be implemented in combination in a single aspect. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single aspect also can be implemented in multiple aspects separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
[0181] Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. Further, the drawings may schematically depict one more example processes in the form of a flow diagram. However, other operations that are not depicted can be incorporated in the example processes that are schematically illustrated. For example, one or more additional operations can be performed before, after, simultaneously, or between any of the illustrated operations. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the aspects described should not be understood as requiring such separation in all aspects, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, other aspects are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results.
Claims
1.An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:one or more memories; andone or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to:select a first spatial domain (SD) basis from a full candidate SD basis set;select one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of a rank indicator (RI) and a total number of channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) ports exceeding thirty-two; andtransmit, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the value of the RI is three or four, and wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is associated with a mapping of neighbors that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in two dimensions for the total number of CSI-RS ports.3.The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mapping is associated with three ports in a first dimension of the two dimensions and two ports in a second dimension of the two dimensions.4.The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mapping is associated with two ports in a first dimension of the two dimensions and two ports in a second dimension of the two dimensions.5.The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mapping is associated with an antenna configuration that includes more than thirty-two ports and differs from a mapping associated with an antenna configuration that includes fewer than sixteen ports.6.The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mapping is associated with an antenna configuration that includes at least three ports in a vertical dimension of the two dimensions.7.The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set includes more than four SD bases.8.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the value of the RI is at least five, and wherein the CSI feedback indicates respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in at least one dimension within the full candidate SD basis set.9.The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to:a first codepoint that indicates a first value in a first dimension using a first number of bits associated with a first number of ports and a first oversampling factor in the first dimension, anda second codepoint that indicates a second value in a second dimension using a second number of bits associated with a second number of ports and a second oversampling factor in the second dimension.10.The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to a single codepoint using a number of bits associated with a number of SD bases in the full candidate SD basis set.11.The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases are indicated according to an oversampled cluster index and an oversampling group index.12.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the oversampled cluster index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampled clusters in the full candidate SD basis set.13.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the oversampled cluster index is a combinatorial value that is associated with the first SD basis and the one or more additional SD bases and indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampled clusters and a ceiling of half of the value of the RI.14.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the oversampling group index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using a number of bits associated with a number of oversampling groups that are orthogonal to an oversampling group associated with the first SD basis in at least one dimension.15.The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the oversampling group index associated with each of the one or more additional SD bases is indicated using:a first bit indicating a dimension in which the oversampling group index associated with the one or more additional SD bases is orthogonal to an oversampling group index associated with the first SD basis, andone or more bits indicating a one-dimensional difference between the oversampling group index associated with the one or more additional SD bases and the oversampling group index associated with the first SD basis.16.The apparatus of claim 8, wherein any two SD bases, of the first SD basis and the one or more additional SD bases, are orthogonal to each other in at least one dimension.17.A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:selecting a first spatial domain (SD) basis from a full candidate SD basis set;selecting one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of a rank indicator (RI) and a total number of channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) ports exceeding thirty-two; andtransmitting, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the value of the RI is three or four, and wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is associated with a mapping of neighbors that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in two dimensions for the total number of CSI-RS ports.19.The method of claim 17, wherein the value of the RI is at least five, and wherein the CSI feedback indicates respective indexes associated with the one or more additional SD bases that are orthogonal to the first SD basis in at least one dimension within the full candidate SD basis set.20.An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:means for selecting a first spatial domain (SD) basis from a full candidate SD basis set;means for selecting one or more additional SD bases from a constrained candidate SD basis set, wherein the constrained candidate SD basis set is a subset of the full candidate SD basis set that is based at least in part on a value of a rank indicator (RI) and a total number of channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) ports exceeding thirty-two; andmeans for transmitting, to a network node, CSI feedback that indicates the first SD basis, the one or more additional SD bases, and the value of the RI.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Method of channel state information (CSI) feedback, method of identifying space domain (SD) and frequency domain (FD) basis subsets, and user equipment
CN113940010A
Multibeam Precoder Based Channel State Information
US20220247459A1
Encoding and decoding spatial domain basis selection for multiple transmission reception point communication
WO2024073882A1