Composite foam glass elements and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite foam glass element having a plurality of foam glass members and a plurality of reinforcing elements, at least three reinforcing elements forming a clamping assembly which comprises two beams and at least one connecting element connecting the beams and clamps at least one foam glass member between the beams. In the case of at least one or two clamping assemblies, at least one of the beams has at least one bearing surface which bears against the clamped foam glass member and / or a further foam glass member and is designed such that the foam glass member bearing against the bearing surface is held in a form-fitting manner in a direction of movement parallel to the bearing surface. The present invention also relates to structures produced from the composite foam glass element and to a production method.

Description

[0001] P18172DE00 1 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0002] Foam glass composites and their application

[0003] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] AREA OF INVENTION

[0005] The present invention relates to a foam glass composite element and in particular a foam glass panel composite element with at least one, preferably several foam glass bodies or foam glass panels, as well as structures made therefrom and methods for their manufacture.

[0006] STATE OF THE ART

[0007] Foam glass panels are already known from the prior art and are primarily used as thermal insulation. Due to its structure of numerous pores surrounded by a glass matrix, foam glass exhibits excellent properties, particularly thermal insulation. Relative to its weight, foam glass has high compressive strength, is chemically resistant, can be made watertight and vapor-tight when the porosity is closed, is non-combustible and pest-resistant, has low thermal conductivity, and is extremely durable. Foam glass panels can now also be manufactured ecologically, sustainably, and economically from 100% recycled glass. Panel sizes of 3 m x 1.5 m are already available for large-scale production.

[0008] However, foam glass has a relatively low tensile strength. Furthermore, foam glass is relatively brittle. Consequently, its areas of application are limited.

[0009] Furthermore, the production of foam glass panels, i.e., foam glass bodies with a defined shape and dimensions that allow for a defined arrangement of individual foam glass bodies, is very complex, as very slow cooling is necessary to prevent internal stress cracks during cooling. Accordingly, foam glass is also frequently used as foam glass gravel with a multitude of foam glass grains of undefined shape, which, for the reasons stated in P18172DE00 2 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG, is easier to produce and can also be used as thermal insulation.

[0010] Due to the complex manufacturing process and the brittle behavior with low fracture toughness of foam glass panels, their use is still limited despite their outstanding properties regarding thermal insulation, non-combustibility, compressive strength, and low specific weight. However, WO 2023 / 021210 A1 already describes a foam glass composite element that expands the use of foam glass as a building material, and the content of this patent application publication is fully incorporated therein by reference.

[0011] REVELATION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] TASK OF INVENTION

[0013] It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve or expand the application possibilities of foam glass or foam glass sheets without impairing the existing advantageous properties. In particular, the disadvantageous properties relating to low tensile strength, especially in applications involving bending stress, are to be overcome or at least reduced.

[0014] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0015] This problem is solved by a foam glass composite element with the features of claim 1, a structure with the features of claim 27, and a method with the features of claim 30. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0016] According to the invention, a foam glass composite element with several foam glass bodies and several reinforcing elements is proposed, wherein at least three reinforcing elements form a clamping assembly comprising two beams and at least one connecting element linking the beams, and clamping at least one foam glass body between the beams, wherein in at least one or two clamping assemblies, at least one of the beams has at least one contact surface that rests against the clamped and / or a further foam glass body and is designed such that the foam glass body resting against the contact surface is positively locked in a direction of movement parallel to the contact surface. This allows a simple and efficient structure for forming a foam glass composite element to be realized.

[0017] At least two clamping assemblies can be arranged such that they clamp a foam glass body between the two beams of the clamping assembly and hold one or two further foam glass bodies in a form-fitting manner between one beam of each of the two clamping assemblies, wherein at least one, preferably two, contact surfaces of the respective beams of each clamping assembly exert an additional clamping force on the foam glass body.

[0018] A beam can be part of several clamping assemblies.

[0019] At least one beam of a clamping assembly and / or a foam glass body may have a cross-section in the form of a right-angled or isosceles trapezoid to achieve the additional limitation of freedom of movement.

[0020] The space between two beams of one or two adjacent clamping assemblies and / or the dimension of a foam glass body can taper, thus creating a positive locking hold in one direction of movement.

[0021] The foam glass body clamped between the beams by a clamping assembly can be arranged flush with the surfaces of the beams and / or projecting and / or recessed, so that in a recessed arrangement a groove is formed between the beams.

[0022] Various clamping assemblies can be connected to each other, especially by additional connecting elements.

[0023] The reinforcing elements and / or clamping assemblies can be arranged such that a circumferential frame of beams is formed on at least one, preferably two, opposite sides of the foam glass composite element. This allows the creation of structural elements that are comparable to and compatible with timber frame construction elements, but with the added benefit of load-bearing capacity. (P18172DE00 4 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG)

[0024] Foam glass bodies can be designed with smaller cross-sectional dimensions of wooden beams while maintaining the same or better thermal insulation.

[0025] The foam glass composite element can essentially, apart from the previously described projections or recesses or grooves, have the shape of a cuboid and comprise a cuboid-shaped foam glass body which is clamped along its longitudinal and broad sides by a clamping assembly, such that a circumferential frame made of beams is formed at the edge of two opposite main surfaces of the cuboid-shaped foam glass body, wherein the clamping assemblies can be designed on at least the longitudinal sides such that they can hold at least one, preferably at least two, in particular four foam glass bodies with a trapezoidal cross-section in a form-fitting manner parallel to the cuboid-shaped foam glass body, wherein the foam glass body with a trapezoidal cross-section can be pressed onto the cuboid-shaped foam glass body by at least one contact surface of a beam with a trapezoidal cross-section.

[0026] Parallel to the clamping assemblies arranged on the longitudinal sides of the foam glass composite element, one or more clamping assemblies can be arranged between them.

[0027] Another type of foam glass composite element can essentially have the shape of a cuboid, in particular with an essentially square cross-section, wherein a beam can be arranged on each of the longitudinal edges and a foam glass body can be arranged between each pair of beams, wherein each beam can be connected to the two adjacent beams via connecting elements.

[0028] Another foam glass composite element can essentially also have the shape of a cuboid, in particular with an essentially square cross-section, wherein a beam can be arranged on each of the longitudinal edges and a foam glass body can be arranged between each pair of beams, wherein a beam with a trapezoidal cross-section, in particular with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section, can be arranged on each of two diagonally opposite longitudinal edges, and two foam glass bodies with a trapezoidal cross-section, in particular with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section, can be arranged adjacent to the P18172DE00 5 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0029] Cross-section trapezoidal beams can be arranged on adjacent sides of the foam glass composite element.

[0030] A corresponding foam glass composite element can comprise a central, cuboid foam glass body which can abut three surrounding foam glass bodies, wherein in particular two of them have a trapezoidal cross-section and the third can be cuboid.

[0031] The cuboid foam glass body(s) can be arranged recessed relative to the adjacent beams running along longitudinal edges with respect to the longitudinal sides, so that grooves are formed along the longitudinal extent of the foam glass composite element.

[0032] The beams can be made of wood and / or the connecting elements can be screws.

[0033] Due to its improved mechanical properties compared to simple foam glass panels, the composite foam glass element can replace conventional building materials such as concrete or wood. Considering that cement production is energy-intensive and releases significant amounts of CO2 (approximately 10% of global CO2 emissions are generated during cement production), the foam glass composite element according to the invention offers considerable advantages over conventional building materials in terms of energy consumption and CO2 emissions. This is because, during its production, the glass material is not completely melted, but rather heated to only about 800 °C when additives are present. Furthermore, foam glass is an excellent insulating material and is also non-combustible and can be protected from weathering by cladding.It is also significantly lighter than conventional building materials and can therefore be transported and installed with less energy expenditure. Finally, reinforcing / tensioning elements that run through the foam glass bodies forming a foam glass composite element are better protected against thermal fatigue in the event of a fire.

[0034] As a result, the invention offers a future-oriented building material for numerous applications, because the foam glass composite element according to the invention combines the low energy consumption, low CO2 production, thermal insulation, fire resistance and reusability of foam glass with the properties required for the construction of P18172DE00 6 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0035] The mechanical stability (compression, tensile and flexural strength) required for buildings is combined.

[0036] Foam glass composite elements are not only suitable for use as wall components, but thanks to their robust construction, they are also ideally suited for floor elements as load-bearing floor slabs for intermediate floors or foundations, or for ceiling elements for mezzanines with high structural requirements. The advantages include rapid assembly, as prefabrication reduces construction time to a minimum, and easy connection, since the foam glass composite elements can be quickly and securely combined. Further advantages include easy transport due to their low weight, which reduces logistics costs, as well as deconstruction and reusability, since the materials can be recycled or reused in new constructions without loss of quality.

[0037] The advantages of modular construction with foam glass composite elements include time efficiency, as prefabrication rates of up to 90% enable rapid completion of construction sites, as well as cost control and flexibility. Reduced construction times and standardized processes minimize construction costs, and the foam glass composite elements can be adapted to different usage requirements. A high degree of prefabrication also helps avoid waste. Lower material consumption and reusability promote a circular economy and thus sustainability.

[0038] In particular, foam glass composite elements that use reinforcing elements made of wood, such as wooden beams, allow for low weight and easy processing, and enable sustainable construction due to the ecological materials.

[0039] Foam glass composite elements offer additional compressive strength, moisture resistance, and vapor tightness, as well as high fire protection, compared to conventional building elements such as those used in timber frame construction. The hybrid construction method, combining wood and foam glass, utilizes the best properties of both materials.

[0040] Accordingly, the foam glass composite elements are perfectly suited for quickly erected and / or temporary buildings, e.g.: kindergartens, retirement homes, train stations, event technology, hospitals, police stations and school extensions: Schnelle P18172DE00 7 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG and safe buildings for the education sector, refugee accommodations, infrastructure buildings, commercial, office or sanitary modules in remote or urban areas.

[0041] The foam glass composite elements can be used as floor slabs in combination with foam glass gravel as an underside insulation and drainage layer, so that stable and moisture-resistant foundations can be created.

[0042] Metallic connections can be used in connection with foam glass composite elements, with the use of stainless steel or galvanized elements expanding the range of applications and increasing stability.

[0043] The foam glass composite elements can be directly clad with metal profiles, wooden strips or facade panels for aesthetically pleasing exterior walls and are fully recyclable.

[0044] Foam glass bodies incorporated into the foam glass composite element according to the invention can be understood as bodies formed in one piece from foam glass and / or having a homogeneous structure, wherein a plurality of enclosed pores are surrounded by a glass matrix. These pores can be open or closed, whereby in the case of closed pores no fluid from the outside, such as water, can penetrate into the pores.

[0045] The foam glass particles in a foam glass composite element can be designed with varying properties. For example, the density of the foam glass particles can vary, allowing higher-density particles to be used in certain areas of the composite element, while lower-density particles can be used in other areas. Similarly, the elastic moduli of the foam glass particles can also differ and be adapted to the intended application. Likewise, different types of foam glass particles with varying properties, such as open or closed porosity, can be used in a single foam glass composite element. Therefore, a foam glass composite element can consist entirely of identical foam glass particles or of foam glass particles with different properties.

[0046] The foam glass bodies of a foam glass composite element can all be identical in shape and / or size, but different P18172DE00 8 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG are also possible.

[0047] Foam glass bodies that differ in shape and / or size may be incorporated into a foam glass composite element.

[0048] The foam glass body can have a defined shape and dimensions that allow the corresponding foam glass bodies to be arranged in a defined manner within the foam glass composite element. In particular, the dimensions can be chosen so that foam glass composite elements can be formed that are suitable for the design and structural use in the production of structures or building components, and especially buildings or building components.Although a wide range of dimensions is possible for both the foam glass bodies used and the foam glass composite elements formed from the foam glass bodies, the minimum dimensions of a foam glass body or a foam glass composite element can be in the range of 1 cm, 5 cm or 10 cm and more, while the maximum dimensions of a foam glass body or foam glass composite element can be in the range of a few tens of centimeters, for example 50 cm, 1 m, 2 m, 5 m, 10 m or more.The minimum dimension of a foam glass body or foam glass composite element represents the dimension with the smallest extent and can, for example, be in the thickness or width direction, while the maximum dimension of a foam glass body or foam glass composite element is the dimension with the largest extent and can accordingly define the longitudinal direction. The main surface of the foam glass body or foam glass composite element is defined by its length and width and thus has the largest area.

[0049] The foam glass body can have at least one flat surface and / or at least two surfaces aligned parallel to each other and / or arbitrarily three-dimensionally shaped surfaces, the adjacent surfaces (contact surfaces) of neighboring foam glass bodies being complementary to each other so that they lie flat against each other in order to form stacks or, more generally, composites of foam glass bodies for the production of a foam glass composite element. Accordingly, opposing surfaces of a foam glass body can be complementary to each other, or the contact surface of one foam glass body can be adjacent to the contact surface of another, differently shaped foam glass body.

[0050] The foam glass body must be adapted to the shape of the surface. Preferably, the surfaces of the foam glass body can be designed as mutual contact surfaces, representing the largest surface areas, in order to maximize the mutual frictional force of the adjacent foam glass bodies.

[0051] With complementary contact surfaces of foam glass bodies, a foam glass body can have a first contact surface on one side and a second contact surface on the opposite side, which is complementary to the first contact surface, so that several of these foam glass bodies can be arranged in a composite or stack. The contact surfaces can have projections and / or depressions. If the contact surface is defined by a plane spanned in the x and y directions in a Cartesian coordinate system, the projections and / or depressions extend in the z direction, which is perpendicular to the xy plane.In addition to completely arbitrary arrangements of protrusions and / or depressions, the protrusions and / or depressions can be repeated periodically in one or both directions of the xy plane, i.e., in the x or y direction, so that the contact surfaces can have a wavy, sawtooth, or knobby surface shape.

[0052] The foam glass bodies in a foam glass composite element can be stacked on top of each other, one behind the other, and / or next to each other without the need for binders between them, such as mortar used in masonry bonds. In particular, the foam glass bodies in the composite element can have at least partially no material bond, and preferably no material bond at all, so that such a composite element can be easily recycled, as the foam glass bodies, reinforcing elements, and their components can be easily separated.

[0053] The foam glass bodies in the foam glass composite element can be in direct and / or immediate contact with one another, at least partially, or separating elements, for example in the form of sheets or films, can be provided at least partially between adjacent foam glass bodies. The sheets or films can be made of paper, cardboard, rubber, or plastics, for example polyisobutylene, textiles such as woven, knitted, braided, sewn, nonwovens, and felts, or other suitable materials. In particular, the arrangement of P18172DE00 10 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0054] The insertion of nonwoven fabrics between the foam glass particles can significantly improve the strength and stability of the foam glass composite elements, as it considerably increases the friction between the particles and thus greatly reduces mutual sliding. These separating elements can be designed to be elastically or plastically deformable, allowing them to penetrate the rough surface of the foam glass particles. This prevents adjacent particles from damaging each other and also increases the frictional force between them, thereby strengthening the cohesion of the foam glass particles within the composite element and thus increasing its overall strength. The additional stabilization provided by the separating elements can be further enhanced by the surface structure of the foam glass particles.The foam glass bodies can be cut and preferably ground to obtain a flat surface. Cutting and / or grinding causes near-surface microcavities (pores) to break open, and the remnants of the walls that enclosed these microcavities protrude sharply from the macroscopically flat surface. The penetration of these microscopic, protruding edges into a surface (or...)A separating element arranged between two foam glass bodies can create a Velcro-like adhesive friction between the separating element and the respective foam glass body. This contributes to the stabilization of wall elements formed from stacked foam glass bodies against transverse forces, entirely without the additional use of adhesives or mortar. This allows such wall elements to be completely dismantled and the foam glass bodies reused. Therefore, the foam glass composite element is not only advantageous from an energy perspective but also a sustainable building material. Furthermore, it should be noted that concrete slabs require reinforcement to be sufficiently resistant to shear forces. However, a significant portion of the reinforcement is due to the high self-weight of the concrete. In contrast, the foam glass composite element according to the invention has a very low self-weight.specific weight, so that for this reason alone the reinforcing elements can be selected with a low volume and weight fraction in the foam glass composite element with regard to their number and dimensions, however the frictional force between the foam glass bodies forming the foam glass composite element and the separating elements due to the high P18172DE00 11 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG.

[0055] Static friction can also provide additional resistance to lateral forces, and consequently the proportion of reinforcing elements can be even lower.

[0056] In addition to the clamping assemblies described above, the foam glass composite element can have further reinforcing elements, which can be designed in a wide variety of shapes and, in particular, can be shaped in such a way that they can absorb tensile forces or exert compressive forces on the foam glass bodies arranged with the reinforcing element in one or more directions. In particular, reinforcing elements of a foam glass composite element according to the invention can be designed as a band, rope, strand, fiber, wire, strip, belt, rod, bar, profile rod, threaded rod, tube, cylinder, beam, profile support, T-beam, double-T-beam, plate, plate with at least partially bent edges, U-profile, frame element, two- or three-dimensional frame element, in particular rectangular or cuboid frame element, bracket, two- or three-dimensional grid, screw, clamping element, clamping element, spring, plastically deformable retaining element, or the like.

[0057] The reinforcing element can be a single component or composed of several components, which may include, in particular, the elements listed above. The components of a reinforcing element, or multiple reinforcing elements, can be combined and connected in any suitable manner, including positive-locking, force-locking, and / or material-locking connections. For example, screw connections, clamp connections, welded connections, or adhesive bonds can be used between the reinforcing elements and / or the components of the reinforcing element(s).

[0058] The reinforcing elements can be made of any suitable material, and in particular of metallic materials such as steel, especially stainless steel, corrosion-resistant steels, or other common metallic alloys. Furthermore, carbon materials or plastics such as nylon or polyester can be used for the reinforcing elements, as well as fibrous materials such as carbon fibers or carbon fiber-reinforced plastics. Natural materials such as wood, hemp fibers, or the like, as well as other natural materials such as basalt, stone slabs, or the like, are also conceivable. In addition, glass, ceramics, or P18172DE00 12 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG are also possible.

[0059] Ceramic composite materials can be used, for example, to form plate elements or the like.

[0060] The at least one reinforcing element can be elastically deformable in order to apply the compressive stresses to the at least one foam glass body of the foam glass composite element. If several reinforcing elements and / or reinforcing elements with multiple components are used, at least one reinforcing element or at least one component, preferably several reinforcing elements or several components, can be elastically deformable. Accordingly, the at least one reinforcing element or one component thereof can be under tensile stress in the foam glass composite element.

[0061] The reinforcing elements can be arranged within the foam glass composite element such that they extend at least partially through the at least one foam glass body. If several foam glass bodies are joined together to form a foam glass composite element, the reinforcing elements can also extend at least partially through the foam glass bodies, which may have corresponding openings or penetrations for this purpose. The reinforcing element(s) can also extend almost completely through the foam glass body(s), with, for example, only small sections protruding from the respective foam glass body to be connected to further reinforcing elements, such as plates. Furthermore, the at least one reinforcing element can also be arranged along the surface of the at least one foam glass body.

[0062] In particular, several reinforcing elements of a foam glass composite element can interact, such that, for example, plates, strips or frame elements arranged on the surface of the foam glass bodies or the foam glass composite element are connected to each other by ropes, rods, bars, bands, wires or the like running through the foam glass bodies and press the foam glass bodies arranged in between, through which the reinforcing elements run, against each other.

[0063] For the arrangement of the at least one reinforcing element on the at least one foam glass body, corresponding receiving areas, such as indentations or the like, can also be provided on the surface of the foam glass body(s). For example, a surface can be designated as P18172DE00 13 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0064] The reinforcement elements are designed to run in a corresponding groove, so that a smooth or flat surface of the foam glass composite element can be formed.

[0065] The at least one reinforcing element can, in particular, extend in a ring shape around the foam glass bodies of the foam glass composite element, whereby the ring-shaped reinforcing element can compress the foam glass bodies from all sides. By arranging several ring-shaped reinforcing elements, which can run parallel to each other and / or crosswise to each other, compressive stresses can be applied to the foam glass bodies from several, in particular all, sides of the foam glass composite element, thus creating a compact composite.

[0066] The foam glass composite elements can be designed in a variety of shapes, similar to the foam glass bodies they form, with cuboid or cuboid-like shapes being particularly suitable. Accordingly, such foam glass composite elements have a width, a length, and a height, with the main surfaces of such a cuboid or cuboid-like foam glass composite element spanning the directions of its largest dimensions, for example, height and length or width and length. The other surfaces form corresponding end faces. With such a design of the foam glass composite elements, the arrangement of the reinforcing elements can preferably be such that the foam glass bodies are reinforced at least in the direction of their greatest extent.the largest dimensions of the foam glass composite element, i.e. in the longitudinal direction, are pressed against each other, i.e., the reinforcing elements in the form of rods, bars, wires, ropes or strips run in the longitudinal direction and the reinforcing elements in the form of plates or strips, with which the compressive stresses are transferred to the foam glass bodies, are arranged accordingly on the end faces.

[0067] The foam glass composite element can have at least a partial coating and / or covering on its surface in order to adapt the surface to different areas of application.

[0068] Furthermore, the foam glass composite element or the foam glass bodies present on the surface of the foam glass composite element can have a structured P18172DE00 14 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0069] The surface can have various textures. For example, convex and / or concave curves and / or blind holes and / or steps and / or undercuts and / or sawtooth steps and the like can be provided on the surface of the foam glass composite element.

[0070] A suitable foam glass composite element can be used in a wide variety of applications, for example as a wall, ceiling, and / or floor element of a structure or building, as a floating structure, as a cladding element, as a tunnel lining element, or as a soundproofing element. Further applications are conceivable. In this context, "structure" refers to any construction, including movable structures.

[0071] Accordingly, protection is also claimed for a structure which comprises at least one, preferably several, foam glass composite elements, in particular of the type described above.

[0072] To connect multiple foam glass composite elements in a structure, the structure can include at least one, preferably several, connectors with which the foam glass composite elements are joined. The connectors can be constructed similarly to the reinforcing elements that connect the foam glass bodies within the foam glass composite element. However, other connecting elements, including material-bonded connections, are also conceivable. In general, the foam glass composite elements can be connected to each other in any suitable manner by force-fit, form-fit, and / or material-bonded connections. In particular, foam glass strips can also be used as connectors.

[0073] In particular, the connectors may include straps, ropes, wires, strips, rods, profile rods, threaded rods, plates, plates with at least partially bent edges, U-profiles, frame elements, two- or three-dimensional, in particular rectangular or cuboid frame elements, brackets, two- and three-dimensional grids, screws, tensioning elements, clamping elements, plastically deformable retaining elements and the like.

[0074] The connectors can be composed of several components, whereby the components can be formed by components that can also be used as individual P18172DE00 15 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0075] Connectors can be used, as has already been described for the reinforcement elements.

[0076] The foam glass composite elements of the present invention can be used to form a variety of structures or buildings, such as walls, floors and / or ceilings of buildings, noise barriers, pontoons, floating houses, tunnel linings and the like.

[0077] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0078] The attached drawings show in a purely schematic way in

[0079] Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a foam glass composite element according to the invention in a first side view,

[0080] Figure 2 shows the embodiment of a foam glass composite element according to the invention from Fig. 1 in a second side view,

[0081] Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the first embodiment of a foam glass composite element according to the invention from Figures 1 and 2, corresponding to the section in Figure 2.

[0082] Figure 4 shows a detailed sectional view of a clamping assembly of the embodiment of the foam glass composite element from Figures 1 to 3.

[0083] Figure 5 shows a detailed sectional view of a second clamping assembly of the embodiment of the foam glass composite element from Figures 1 to 3.

[0084] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of the foam glass composite element from Figures 1 to 3.

[0085] Figure 7 shows a second embodiment of a foam glass composite element according to the invention in a side view,

[0086] Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of a foam glass composite element according to the invention from Figure 7. P18172DE00 16 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0087] Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a connection point of two foam glass composite elements according to the first embodiment and in

[0088] Figure 10 shows a representation of a structure according to the invention.

[0089] EXAMPLES OF EXECUTION

[0090] Further advantages, characteristics, and features of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments. However, the invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments.

[0091] Figures 1 to 6 show a first embodiment of a foam glass composite element 1 according to the invention, which can be used, for example, as a wall element of a building. As can be seen in Figures 1 to 6, the foam glass composite element 1 comprises three layers with a first foam glass body 2, which is arranged in the middle of the three layers. Several clamping assemblies 7, 9, 10, 11 are arranged along the edge of the foam glass body 2, each consisting of beams 12, 22; 13, 23; 14, 24; 15, 20 and connecting elements in the form of screws 18 arranged on the opposite main surfaces of the foam glass composite element 2, so that a circumferential frame of beams 12, 13, 14, 15 and 20, 22, 23, 24 is formed on each of the two main surfaces of the foam glass body 2.The screws 18 are screwed from one side through the beams 12, 13, 14, 15 and through the foam glass body 2 into the respective opposite beams 20, 22, 23, 24, so that the foam glass body 2 is clamped by the beams, as can be seen in particular from Figures 4 to 6.

[0092] In addition to the clamping assemblies 7, 9, 10, 11, which are located around the perimeter of the foam glass body 2, a further clamping assembly 8 with the beams 16, 19 is arranged in the middle of the foam glass body 2 parallel to the clamping assemblies 7, 9 with the beams 13, 23 and 15, 20 along the longitudinal sides of the foam glass body 2.

[0093] As can be seen from the detailed views in Figures 4 and 5 and the perspective view in Figure 6, the foam glass bodies 3 and 4 are arranged between the respective beams 16 and 13 and 16 and 15 of the clamping assemblies 7, 8, 9, while the foam glass bodies 5 and 6 are arranged between the beams 19 and 23 and 19 and 20, respectively, on the opposite side of the foam glass body 2. The foam glass bodies 3 and 4 and 5 and 6 extend parallel to the foam glass body 2, with a fleece (not shown) arranged between each of the foam glass bodies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, which prevents both sliding of the foam glass bodies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 relative to each other and mutual damage.

[0094] To hold the foam glass bodies 3, 4, 5, 6 between the beams 16, 13, 15 and 19, 23, 20 respectively, beams 16 and 19 each have an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, while beams 15, 20 and 13, 23 have a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section. This ensures that the foam glass bodies 3, 4 and 5, 6, which are also complementary isosceles trapezoidal in cross-section, are positively locked between the corresponding beams 16, 13 and 16, 15 respectively, and 19, 23 and 19, 20 respectively. Tightening the screws 18 forces the foam glass bodies 2 towards the foam glass body due to the inclined contact surfaces.

[0095] As can be seen from Figures 1 to 6, the beams 12, 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24, 20 are each screwed together with several screws 18, although not every single screw 18 is provided with a reference sign in the figures.

[0096] In the illustrated embodiment, beams 12, 13, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24, 20 are made of wood, but can also be made of another material, such as metal or plastic.

[0097] In the illustrated embodiments, only the clamping assemblies 7, 8, 9, whose beams 13, 23, 16, 19, 15, 20 extend along the longitudinal extent of the foam glass composite element 1, have beams 13, 23, 16, 19, 15, 20 with an isosceles or right-angled trapezoidal cross-section, while the beams 12, 22 and 14, 24, arranged along the broad sides of the clamping assemblies 10, 11, have a rectangular or square cross-section and accordingly only form-fit the foam glass bodies 3, 4, 5, 6 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal extent of the foam glass composite element 1, but not, like the other clamping assemblies or beams, also in a direction transverse to the main surface of the foam glass composite element 1 or parallel to the contact surface of the foam glass bodies 3, 4, 5, 6. to the limiting beam 12, 22, 14, 24. However, it is also conceivable that P18172DE00 18 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co.KG the clamping assemblies 10,11 arranged on the broad sides are designed with trapezoidal beams in cross-section.

[0098] In the illustrated embodiment, the clamping assemblies 10, 11 with the beams 12, 22 and 14, 24 are flush with the foam glass body 2, so that the beams 12, 22 and 14, 24 form a flat surface with the end faces of the foam glass body 2. However, on the longitudinal sides, the clamping assemblies 7 and 9 with the beams 13, 23 and 15, 20 project slightly beyond the longitudinal sides of the foam glass body 2, so that the foam glass body 2 is recessed relative to the beams 15, 20 and 13, 23, and a groove 21 extending longitudinally along the foam glass composite element 1 is formed, which can be used for connecting foam glass composite elements 1 to one another.

[0099] Figures 7 and 8 show a second embodiment of a foam glass composite element 30, which is essentially cuboidal and has a substantially square cross-section. A beam 36, 37, 38, 39 is arranged at each of the respective corners of the foam glass composite element 30, with a foam glass body 32, 33, 34, 35 arranged between each pair of adjacent beams 36, 37, 38, 39. The adjacent beams are connected to each other by screws 18 (not shown), the screws passing through one of the beams 36, 37, 38, 39 and a foam glass body 32, 33, 34, 35 and screwed into the adjacent beams 36, 37, 38, 39, so that the foam glass body 32, 33, 34, 35 in between is clamped between each pair of adjacent beams 36, 37, 38, 39.

[0100] At two diagonally opposite corners of the foam glass composite element 30, beams 37, 39 extending in the longitudinal extent of the foam glass composite element 30 are formed with a cross-sectional shape of a right-angled trapezoid, and the corresponding adjacent foam glass bodies 33, 34, which are located on adjacent sides of the foam glass composite element 30, are correspondingly complementary and also formed in a right-angled trapezoidal shape in cross-section.

[0101] Furthermore, the foam glass composite element 30 has two further foam glass bodies 32, 35, one of which extends centrally into the middle of the foam glass composite element 30 and accordingly to all surrounding foam glass bodies 33, 34, P18172DE00 19 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0102] 35. A fleece, not shown in detail, is inserted between the foam glass bodies.

[0103] The cuboid foam glass bodies 32,35 are arranged recessed with respect to the beams 36, 37 and 39, 36 clamping the foam glass bodies, so that grooves 40 extending in the longitudinal direction of the foam glass composite element 30 are formed.

[0104] Foam glass strips 31 can be inserted into the grooves to connect with adjacent foam glass composite elements 1 ,30, which then serve accordingly as connectors between foam glass composite elements 1 ,30.

[0105] In the foam glass composite element 30, the beams 36, 37, 38, 39 are also made of wood, but can also be made of other materials.

[0106] Figure 9 shows the connection of two foam glass composite elements 1, where a foam glass strip 41 is inserted into the corresponding grooves as a connector. A sealing strip 42 is inserted between the adjacent beams 13, 15 and 23, 20, respectively. The sectional view through the foam glass composite elements 1 further illustrates the arrangement of the foam glass bodies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and the arrangement of the nonwovens 43 between the foam glass bodies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Additional connectors (not shown) can be used to secure the connection of the foam glass composite elements 1.

[0107] Figure 10 shows a building as it can be constructed from the foam glass composite elements 1,30, wherein several foam glass composite elements 1 are connected to each other and foam glass composite elements 30 can be used at the corners or terminations of the walls or on adjoining walls.

[0108] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments, but rather that numerous applications and modifications in design are possible, such that, in particular, individual features of the illustrated exemplary embodiments can be omitted or different combinations of features can be implemented without departing from the scope of protection of the appended claims. In particular, the present disclosure excludes all combinations of the features shown in the various P18172DE00 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0109] The individual features shown in the exemplary embodiments are included, so that individual features that are only described in connection with one exemplary embodiment can also be used in other exemplary embodiments or combinations of individual features not explicitly shown.

[0110] P18172DE00 21 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0111] REFERENCE MARK LIST

[0112] 1 foam glass composite element

[0113] 2 foam glass bodies

[0114] 3 foam glass bodies

[0115] 4 foam glass bodies

[0116] 5 foam glass bodies

[0117] 6 foam glass bodies

[0118] 7 Clamping assembly

[0119] 8 Clamping assembly

[0120] 9 Clamping assembly

[0121] 10 clamping assembly

[0122] 11 bars

[0123] 12 bars

[0124] 13 bars

[0125] 14 bars

[0126] 15 bars

[0127] 16 bars

[0128] 17 bars

[0129] 18 screw

[0130] 19 bars

[0131] 20 bars

[0132] 21 Nut

[0133] 22 bars

[0134] 30 foam glass composite element

[0135] 31 foam glass strips

[0136] 32 foam glass bodies

[0137] 33 foam glass bodies

[0138] 34 foam glass bodies

[0139] 35 foam glass bodies

[0140] 36 bars

[0141] 37 bars

[0142] 38 beams P18172DE00 22 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG

[0143] 39 bars

[0144] 40 Nut

[0145] 41 foam glass strips

[0146] 42 Sealing tape 43 Fleece

[0147] 50 Building

Claims

P18172DE00 23 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG PATENT CLAIMS 1. Foam glass composite element with several foam glass bodies and several reinforcing elements, wherein at least three reinforcing elements form a clamping assembly comprising two beams and at least one connecting element connecting the beams and clamping at least one foam glass body between the beams, wherein in at least one or two clamping assemblies at least one of the beams has at least one contact surface which rests against the clamped and / or another foam glass body and is designed such that the foam glass body resting against the contact surface is positively locked in a direction of movement parallel to the contact surface.

2. Foam glass composite element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two clamping assemblies are arranged such that they clamp a foam glass body between the two beams of the clamping assembly and hold one or two further foam glass bodies in a form-fitting manner between one beam of each of the two clamping assemblies, wherein at least one, preferably two, contact surfaces of the respective beams of each clamping assembly exert an additional clamping force on the foam glass body.

3. Foam glass composite element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a beam is part of several clamping assemblies.

4. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one beam of a clamping assembly and / or a foam glass body has a cross-section in the form of a right-angled or isosceles trapezoid.

5. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that P18172DE00 24 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG the space between two beams of one or two adjacent clamping assemblies and / or the dimension of a foam glass body tapers, so that the positive locking hold in one direction of movement is effected.

6. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam glass body clamped between the beams by a clamping assembly is arranged flush with the surfaces of the beams and / or projecting and / or recessed, such that in the case of a recessed arrangement a groove is formed between the beams.

7. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that various clamping assemblies are connected to each other, in particular by additional connecting elements.

8. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing elements and / or clamping assemblies are arranged such that a circumferential frame made of beams is formed on at least one, preferably two opposite sides of the foam glass composite element.

9. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam glass composite element essentially has the shape of a cuboid and comprises a cuboid-shaped foam glass body which is clamped along its longitudinal sides and broad sides by a clamping assembly, such that a circumferential frame made of beams is formed at the edge of each of two opposing main surfaces of the cuboid-shaped foam glass body, wherein the clamping assemblies are designed on at least the longitudinal sides such that they hold at least one, preferably at least two, in particular four foam glass bodies with a trapezoidal cross-section in a form-fitting manner parallel to the cuboid-shaped foam glass body, wherein the foam glass body with a trapezoidal cross-section is pressed onto the cuboid-shaped foam glass body by at least one contact surface of a beam with a trapezoidal cross-section. P18172DE00 25 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG 10. Foam glass composite element according to claim 9, characterized in that one or more clamping assemblies are arranged between the clamping assemblies arranged on the longitudinal sides of the foam glass composite element, parallel to the clamping assemblies arranged on the longitudinal sides of the foam glass composite element.

11. Foam glass composite element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the foam glass composite element has essentially the shape of a cuboid, in particular with an essentially square cross-section, wherein a beam is arranged on each of the longitudinal edges and a foam glass body is arranged between each pair of beams, wherein each beam is connected to the two adjacent beams via connecting elements.

12. Foam glass composite element according to one of claims 1 to 7 or 11, characterized in that the foam glass composite element has essentially the shape of a cuboid, in particular with an essentially square cross-section, wherein a beam is arranged on each of the longitudinal edges and a foam glass body is arranged between each pair of beams, wherein a beam with a trapezoidal cross-section, in particular with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section, is arranged on each of two diagonally opposite longitudinal edges and two foam glass bodies with a trapezoidal cross-section, in particular with a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section, are arranged adjacent to the beams with a trapezoidal cross-section on adjacent sides of the foam glass composite element.

13. Foam glass composite element according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the foam glass composite element comprises a central, cuboid-shaped foam glass body which abuts three surrounding foam glass bodies, wherein in particular two of them have a trapezoidal cross-section and the third is cuboid-shaped.

14. Foam glass composite element according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that P18172DE00 26 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG the cuboid foam glass bodies are arranged recessed relative to the adjacent beams running along longitudinal edges with respect to the longitudinal sides, so that grooves are formed along the longitudinal extent of the foam glass composite element.

15. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beams are made of wood and / or the connecting elements are screws.

16. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a compressive stress acts on one and / or more foam glass bodies at least along one direction by means of the reinforcing elements and / or one or more clamping assemblies and / or two or more foam glass bodies are connected to each other.

17. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam glass body is a one-piece body made of foam glass, which is homogeneously formed from glass with a plurality of enclosed pores, wherein the pores are open or closed.

18. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several, in particular all, foam glass bodies of the foam glass composite element are identical or differ with respect to their density and / or porosity and / or their chemical composition.

19. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam glass body is a body having at least one flat surface and / or at least two surfaces aligned parallel to each other and / or complementary contact surfaces, wherein, in particular in the case of a foam glass composite element with several, in particular different, foam glass bodies, a contact surface of one foam glass body is adapted to a contact surface of another foam glass body. P18172DE00 27 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG 20. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing element comprises at least one element selected from the group comprising bands, ropes, strands, fibers, wires, strips, belts, rods, tubes, cylinders, beams, T-beams, double-T-beams, rods, profile rods, threaded rods, plates, plates with at least partially bent edges, U-profiles, frame elements, two- or three-dimensional, in particular rectangular or cuboid frame elements, brackets, two- and three-dimensional grids, screws, tensioning elements, springs, clamping elements, plastically deformable retaining elements and the like.

21. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing element is composed of several components and / or the reinforcing element is formed from or comprises a material from the group comprising metal, plastic, glass, ceramic, plastics, natural materials, wood and combinations thereof.

22. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, preferably several reinforcing elements are elastically deformed and are under tensile stress.

23. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one reinforcing element extends at least partially through a foam glass body and / or along the surface of a foam glass body and / or in a recess of a foam glass body.

24. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam glass bodies do not have a material-bonded connection with each other, at least partially.

25. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that P18172DE00 28 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG the foam glass bodies lie at least partially directly and immediately against each other or separating elements, in particular in the form of sheets or films, preferably deformable sheets or films, preferably made of paper, cardboard, rubber or plastic, polyisobutylene, textiles, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, braids, sewn fabrics, nonwovens or felts are arranged at least partially between adjacent foam glass bodies.

26. Foam glass composite element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam glass composite element and in particular the foam glass body is coated on the surface and / or the foam glass composite element has a covering, in particular on at least one of its main surfaces.

27. Structure comprising at least one, preferably several, foam glass composite elements according to one of the preceding claims.

28. Structure according to claim 27, characterized in that sealing strips and / or foam glass strips are arranged between adjacent foam glass composite elements, wherein the foam glass strips are arranged in particular in grooves of the foam glass composite elements.

29. Structure according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the structure comprises at least one connector to which at least two foam glass composite elements are connected, wherein the connector in particular comprises at least one element selected from the group comprising bands, ropes, wires, strips, rods, profile rods, threaded rods, plates, plates with at least partially bent edges, U-profiles, frame elements, two- or three-dimensional, in particular rectangular or cuboid frame elements, brackets, two- and three-dimensional grids, screws, tensioning elements, clamping elements, plastically deformable retaining elements and the like. P18172DE00 SG Schaumglas GmbH & Co. KG 30. Method for manufacturing a structure, preferably a structure according to one of claims 27 to 29, in which foam glass composite elements according to one of claims 1 to 26 are used.

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