A liquid filling and draining device and liquid filling and draining method for a fuel cell vehicle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of new energy vehicles, and discloses a liquid filling and draining device and liquid filling and draining method for fuel cell vehicles, wherein the device comprises: a box body, wherein the inner cavity of the box body is divided into a liquid storage tank and a buffer tank, wherein the liquid storage tank is provided with a first air inlet, a first drain port and a liquid inlet for adding liquid to the liquid storage tank, wherein the buffer tank is provided with a second air inlet, an exhaust port and a second drain port, wherein the second air inlet is spaced apart from the bottom of the buffer tank; a first pipeline, wherein one end of the first pipeline is connected to the exhaust port on the buffer tank, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected to the atmosphere; a second pipeline, wherein one end of the second pipeline is connected to the first air inlet, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected to the atmosphere; and a vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The present invention can not only completely discharge the residual liquid in the water system of the fuel cell vehicle and evacuate the vacuum, but also has a fast liquid filling efficiency, and prevents damage to the water pump caused by long-term idling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular relates to a liquid adding and draining device and a liquid adding and draining method for a fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the fuel cell system, the cooling system is an indispensable part. The cooling system of fuel cell vehicles has the following characteristics. First, the cooling system layout structure is complex in large fuel cell vehicles, and a large amount of coolant is required. Not only does it take a long time to refill, but it is also difficult to completely exhaust the air in the water system. Second, fuel cell vehicles have high requirements for conductivity and require deionized coolant. If the coolant in the system is not exhausted and the car is not started for a long time, then the oxidation of the air in a high humidity environment will cause the parts in the water system to oxidize, ions to precipitate, and the conductivity to increase. In addition, because fuel cell vehicles have high requirements for conductivity, the frequency of regular replacement of antifreeze is much higher than that of traditional vehicles.

[0003] At present, the main way to add coolant to cars is to manually inject coolant into an expansion tank, and use the water pump built into the car's water system to circulate and gradually discharge the air through the expansion tank. The manual addition method is effective for simple water systems, but for complex water systems, it is difficult to completely exhaust the air in the water system, and the water pump in the car's water system rotates for a long time in the presence of air, which can easily damage the water pump. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid filling and draining device and a liquid filling and draining method for a fuel cell vehicle, which can not only completely drain the residual liquid in the water system and evacuate the vacuum, but also has a fast liquid filling efficiency and will not damage the water pump.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, a liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle is provided, comprising:

[0007] A box body, wherein the inner cavity of the box body is divided into a liquid storage box and a buffer tank, wherein the liquid storage box is provided with a first air inlet, a first liquid discharge port and a liquid inlet for adding liquid to the liquid storage box, and the buffer tank is provided with a second air inlet, an air discharge port and a second liquid discharge port, wherein the second air inlet is at a distance from the bottom of the buffer tank;

[0008] a first pipeline, one end of which is connected to the exhaust port on the buffer tank, and the other end of which is connected to the atmosphere;

[0009] a second pipeline, wherein one end of the second pipeline is connected to the first air inlet, and the other end of the second pipeline is an air port connected to the atmosphere;

[0010] A vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline;

[0011] When the second air inlet is connected to the drain end of the water system on the fuel cell vehicle, the first pipeline is opened, the coolant remaining in the water system is pumped into the buffer tank through the first pipeline, and the water system is vacuumed;

[0012] When the first liquid discharge port is connected to the liquid replenishing end of the water system, the second pipeline is opened, and the vacuum pump sucks air through the air port connected to the atmosphere. The air flows through the second pipeline and is introduced into the liquid storage tank through the first air inlet. The introduced air compresses the coolant in the liquid storage tank, so that the coolant enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a first electronic valve, a second electronic valve, a third electronic valve and a fourth electronic valve;

[0014] One end of the first electronic valve is connected to the exhaust pipe of the buffer tank, and the other end of the first electronic valve is connected to the vacuum pump and one end of the second electronic valve respectively;

[0015] The other end of the vacuum pump is connected to one end of the third electronic valve and the fourth electronic valve through pipelines respectively;

[0016] The other end of the third electronic valve is connected to the first air inlet pipeline;

[0017] The other ends of the second electronic valve and the fourth electronic valve are connected to the atmosphere;

[0018] When the second electronic valve and the third electronic valve are closed, the first electronic valve, the vacuum pump and the fourth electronic valve are opened to form the first pipeline;

[0019] When the first electronic valve and the fourth electronic valve are closed, the second electronic valve, the vacuum pump and the third electronic valve are opened to form the second pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0021] a third pipeline, one end of which is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank;

[0022] a water pump, wherein the water pump is arranged on the third pipeline;

[0023] a fifth electronic valve, the fifth electronic valve being arranged on the third pipeline;

[0024] A flow meter is arranged on the third pipeline and located between the water pump and the fifth electronic valve.

[0025] Further, a quick connector is also included;

[0026] The other end of the third pipeline is provided with the quick connector;

[0027] The first liquid discharge port and the second air inlet port are respectively provided with the quick connectors.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0029] a sixth electronic valve, the sixth electronic valve being arranged on the first liquid discharge port;

[0030] A seventh electronic valve is arranged on the second liquid discharge port.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0032] An air pressure sensor is disposed in the buffer tank and is used to detect the air pressure in the buffer tank.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0034] A liquid level sensor is disposed in the liquid storage tank and is used to detect the liquid level in the liquid storage tank.

[0035] Further, the first liquid discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and the first air inlet is arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank;

[0036] The second liquid discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank, and the exhaust port on the buffer tank is arranged at the top of the buffer tank.

[0037] On the other hand, a liquid adding and draining method is also provided, which is applied to any of the liquid adding and draining devices for fuel cell vehicles described above;

[0038] The liquid adding and discharging method comprises:

[0039] When the water system of the fuel cell vehicle is drained and vacuumed, the second air inlet is connected to the drain end of the water system on the fuel cell vehicle, and the exhaust end and the liquid replenishing end of the water system connected to the expansion kettle are sealed and isolated;

[0040] Controlling the first pipeline to work, extracting the coolant remaining in the water system into the buffer tank, and discharging the air in the water system through the first pipeline, so that the water system reaches a vacuum state;

[0041] When adding liquid to the water system, the first liquid discharge port is connected to the liquid replenishing end of the water system, and the exhaust end of the water system connected to the expansion kettle is kept open;

[0042] The second pipeline is controlled to operate, and air is introduced into the liquid storage tank, so that the coolant in the liquid storage tank enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port under the action of air pressure.

[0043] Furthermore, the step of adding liquid to the water system further includes:

[0044] During the operation of the second pipeline, the second electronic valve of the second pipeline is controlled to be closed at preset time intervals, and the first electronic valve of the first pipeline is controlled to be opened to extract air from the water system.

[0045] The liquid adding and draining device and liquid adding and draining method for a fuel cell vehicle provided by the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects: the liquid adding and draining device of the present invention can extract residual liquid and air in the water system of the fuel cell through the first pipeline, vacuum pump and buffer tank, and can achieve the purpose of efficiently replenishing the water system of the fuel cell vehicle through the second pipeline, vacuum pump and liquid storage tank, thereby solving the problems of long liquid adding time, low efficiency, damage to the water pump, incomplete drainage, and ion precipitation caused by high air humidity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The preferred implementation scheme will be described below in a clear and understandable manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of a liquid adding and draining device and liquid adding and draining method for a fuel cell vehicle.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a liquid adding and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of a liquid adding and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water system of a fuel cell vehicle when discharging liquid and the liquid adding and discharging device;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water system of a fuel cell vehicle when adding liquid and the liquid adding and draining device;

[0051] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an interface display of a display screen of a liquid adding and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle.

[0052] Description of Figure Numbers

[0053] 1. Machine body; 101. First pipeline; 102. Second pipeline; 103. Third pipeline; 2. Liquid storage tank; 21. First air inlet; 22. First liquid discharge port; 23. Liquid inlet; 3. Buffer tank; 31. Second air inlet; 32. Exhaust port; 33. Second liquid discharge port; 4. First electronic valve; 5. Second electronic valve; 6. Air port; 7. Vacuum pump; 8. Fourth electronic valve; 9. Third electronic valve; 10. Controller; 11. Display screen; 111. Mode selection area; 112. Key operation area; 113. Display area; 12. Sixth electronic valve; 13. Seventh electronic valve; 14. Air pressure sensor; 15. Liquid level sensor; 16. Water pump; 17. Fifth electronic valve; 18. Flow meter; 19. Quick connector; 20. Expansion kettle; 201. Liquid discharge end; 202. Exhaust end; 203. Liquid replenishment end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0055] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the present invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically drawn or marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0056] It should be further understood that the term “and / or” used in the specification of the present application refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0057] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] The embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes a box body, a first pipeline 101, a second pipeline 102 and a vacuum pump 7. The inner cavity of the box body is divided into a liquid storage tank 2 and a buffer tank 3. The liquid storage tank 2 and the buffer tank 3 can be integrally formed of food-grade plastic. The use of plastic material can achieve the purpose of reducing weight and preventing metal ion precipitation.

[0060] The liquid storage tank 2 is provided with a first air inlet 21, a first liquid discharge port 22 and a liquid inlet 23 for adding liquid to the liquid storage tank 2. The first liquid discharge port 22 of the liquid storage tank 2 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 2, and the first air inlet 21 on the liquid storage tank 2 is arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank 2.

[0061] The buffer tank 3 is provided with a second air outlet 31, an exhaust port 32 and a second liquid drain port 33. The second liquid drain port 33 on the buffer tank 3 is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank 3, and the exhaust port 32 on the buffer tank 3 is arranged at the top of the buffer tank 3. The second air outlet 31 on the buffer tank 3 is at a distance from the bottom of the buffer tank 3. The second air outlet 31 on the buffer tank 3 is not arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank 3. When the residual liquid in the water system of the fuel cell vehicle is pumped out into the buffer tank 3, the coolant in the buffer tank 3 can be prevented from flowing back into the water system.

[0062] One end of the first pipeline 101 is connected to the exhaust port 32 on the buffer tank 3, and the other end of the first pipeline 101 is connected to the atmosphere; one end of the second pipeline 102 is connected to the first air inlet 21 on the liquid storage tank 2, and the other end of the second pipeline 102 is the air port 6 connected to the atmosphere; the vacuum pump 7 is arranged on the first pipeline 101 and the second pipeline 102.

[0063] like Figure 3As shown, when the second air outlet 31 on the buffer tank 3 is connected to the liquid discharge end 201 of the water system on the fuel cell vehicle, the exhaust end 202 and the liquid replenishment end 203 connected to the expansion kettle 20 in the water system of the fuel cell vehicle are sealed and isolated at the same time, and then the first pipeline 101 is opened, and the residual coolant in the water system is extracted into the buffer tank 3 through the first pipeline 101, and the water system is vacuumed. When it is necessary to extract the air and residual liquid in the water system of the fuel cell vehicle, the residual liquid in the water system can be extracted into the buffer tank 3 through the buffer tank 3, the first pipeline 101 and the vacuum pump 7 to achieve the purpose of completely discharging the residual liquid in the water system, and the air can be continuously extracted, and the air in the water system can be extracted and discharged through the first pipeline 101, so that the water system on the fuel cell vehicle reaches a vacuum state. When the vehicle is not started for a long time, due to the vacuum state in the water system, the radiator, intercooler and other components in the water system will not be oxidized, thereby inhibiting the ion precipitation of the components.

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, when the first liquid discharge port 22 on the liquid storage tank 2 is connected to the liquid replenishing end 203 of the water system, the second pipeline 102 is opened, and at the same time, the exhaust end 202 in the water system connected to the expansion kettle 20 needs to be kept open, and air is introduced into the liquid storage tank 2 through the second pipeline 102, so that the coolant in the liquid storage tank 2 enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port 22 on the liquid storage tank 2. The liquid storage tank 2 stores coolant, and when air is introduced into the liquid storage tank 2 through the second pipeline 102, the coolant in the liquid storage tank 2 is discharged from the first liquid discharge port 22 on the liquid storage tank 2 under the pressure of the incoming air and enters the water system, completing the filling of the water system. Preferably, in the process of adding liquid to the water system, the second electronic valve 5 of the second pipeline 102 is controlled to be closed at a preset time, and the first electronic valve 4 of the first pipeline 101 is controlled to be opened, and air is extracted from the water system of the fuel cell vehicle through the first pipeline 101, which can accelerate the addition of coolant in the liquid storage tank 2 to the water system, thereby realizing efficient liquid replenishment of the water system of the fuel cell vehicle. Preferably, when adding liquid to the water system, the liquid adding and draining device can be placed at the highest point of the vehicle, so that the liquid adding to the water system is accelerated under the action of gravity.

[0065] The liquid adding and draining device of the present invention is an external device, which can be used for the filling of coolant in the maintenance process of fuel cell vehicles. The residual liquid and air in the water system of the fuel cell can be extracted through the first pipeline, vacuum pump and buffer tank. The water system of the fuel cell vehicle can be efficiently replenished through the second pipeline, vacuum pump and liquid storage tank, thereby solving the problems of long liquid adding time, low efficiency, damage to the water pump, incomplete drainage, and ion precipitation caused by high air humidity.

[0066] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a vacuum pump 7 is respectively provided on the first pipeline 101 and the second pipeline 102, and an electronic valve is respectively provided on the first pipeline 101 and the second pipeline 102. The operation of the first pipeline 101 is controlled by the vacuum pump 7 and the electronic valve on the first pipeline 101, and the operation of the second pipeline 102 is controlled by the vacuum pump 7 and the electronic valve on the second pipeline 102.

[0067] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a first electronic valve 4, a second electronic valve 5, a third electronic valve 9 and a fourth electronic valve 8; one end of the first electronic valve 4 is connected to the exhaust port 32 of the buffer tank 3 by pipeline, and the other end of the first electronic valve 4 is connected to the vacuum pump 7 and one end of the second electronic valve 5 by pipeline respectively; the other end of the vacuum pump 7 is connected to one end of the third electronic valve 9 and the fourth electronic valve 8 by pipeline respectively; the other end of the third electronic valve 9 is connected to the first air inlet 21 of the liquid storage tank 2 by pipeline; the other ends of the second electronic valve 5 and the fourth electronic valve 8 are connected to the atmosphere.

[0068] When the second electronic valve 5 and the third electronic valve 9 are closed, the first electronic valve 4, the vacuum pump 7 and the fourth electronic valve 8 are opened to form a first pipeline; when the first electronic valve 4 and the fourth electronic valve 8 are closed, the second electronic valve 5, the vacuum pump 7 and the third electronic valve 9 are opened to form a second pipeline.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first pipeline and the second pipeline share a vacuum pump, and the operation of the first pipeline or the second pipeline is achieved by controlling the opening and closing of different electronic valves, so that only one vacuum pump is required in the entire device, which not only reduces costs but also reduces the volume of the liquid adding and discharging device.

[0070] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, the liquid adding and discharging device further comprises a body 1, and a liquid storage tank 2, a buffer tank 3, a first electronic valve 4, a second electronic valve 5, a third electronic valve 9, a fourth electronic valve 8 and a vacuum pump 7 are all arranged on the body 1 to form a whole, so as to facilitate carrying and taking and placing the whole device. An air port 6 is arranged on the body 1, and one end of the first pipeline and the second pipeline connected to the atmosphere is respectively arranged on the air port 6.

[0071] Preferably, the liquid adding and discharging device further comprises a controller 10, which is electrically connected to the first electronic valve 4, the second electronic valve 5, the third electronic valve 9, the fourth electronic valve 8 and the vacuum pump 7 respectively, and is used to control the opening and closing of the vacuum pump 7 and each electronic valve.

[0072] like Figure 5As shown, the liquid adding and discharging device further includes a display screen 11, which is connected to the controller 10. The main interface of the display screen 11 is shown in the figure, and the main interface is provided with three parts: a mode selection area 111, a key operation area 112 and a display area 113. In the process of adding and discharging liquid to the water system of the fuel cell vehicle by the liquid adding and discharging device of the present invention, operations can be performed on the display screen 11, such as selecting a mode (vacuuming mode for discharging liquid to the vehicle, liquid tank adding mode or liquid adding mode for the vehicle), setting air pressure value, hydraulic pressure value, etc.

[0073] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, when the water system of the fuel cell vehicle is drained and vacuumized, the drain end 201 of the vehicle's water system is first opened to drain most of the coolant in the water system, and the remaining coolant remains in the water system. Then, the exhaust end 202 and the liquid replenishing end 203 connected to the expansion kettle 20 of the vehicle water system of the fuel cell vehicle are sealed and isolated, and the second air inlet 31 on the buffer tank 3 in the liquid adding and draining device of this embodiment is connected to the drain end 201 in the water system, and then "vehicle draining vacuum mode" is selected in the mode selection area 111, and the air pressure value suitable for the fuel cell vehicle model is set through the key operation area 112, and the START key is pressed.

[0074] A sixth electronic valve 12 is provided on the first liquid discharge port 22 of the liquid storage tank 2, and a seventh electronic valve 13 is provided on the second liquid discharge port 33 of the buffer tank 3. At this time, the controller 10 automatically opens the sixth electronic valve 12 and the seventh electronic valve 13, and the residual liquid in the liquid storage tank 2 and the buffer tank 3 is automatically discharged through its own liquid discharge port. Then the sixth electronic valve 12, the seventh electronic valve 13 and the second electronic valve 5 are controlled to be closed, and the first electronic valve 4 and the fourth electronic valve 8 are opened. The air pressure in the buffer tank 3 is equal to the air pressure in the automobile water system. The buffer tank 3 is provided with an air pressure sensor 14, and the air pressure sensor 14 is electrically connected to the controller 10. When the air pressure sensor 14 detects the air pressure value set by the high pressure in the buffer tank 3, the vacuum pump 7 is turned on for vacuuming. The display screen 11 will display the current air pressure value in the buffer tank 3 in real time. The controller 10 will control the speed of the vacuum pump 7 according to the current air pressure value. According to the information of the current air pressure value and the set air pressure value, the controller 10 automatically analyzes the remaining time required for vacuuming. Since the buffer tank 3 is of a slender and tall type, and the second air inlet 31 on the buffer tank 3 is higher than the lowest point on the buffer tank 3, the residual liquid extracted from the water system will not enter the vacuum pump 7 through the first electronic valve 4 in the buffer tank 3 due to the effect of gravity, thereby avoiding damage to the vacuum pump 7. Preferably, a gas-liquid separator can be added to the buffer tank 3, which not only prevents the liquid from entering the vacuum pump 7, but also plays a role in reducing the volume of the buffer tank 3, that is, when the volume of the buffer tank 3 is small, it can still prevent the liquid from entering the vacuum pump 7.

[0075] like Figure 1 and 4 As shown, when adding liquid to the water system of a fuel cell vehicle, first select "adding liquid to the vehicle mode" in the mode selection area 111 of the display screen 11, and place the liquid adding and discharging device of the present invention at the highest end of the vehicle, connect the first liquid discharging port 22 on the liquid storage tank 2 to the liquid replenishing port of the vehicle water system, and keep the exhaust port 202 connected to the expansion kettle 20 in the vehicle water system open. Then set the amount of liquid to be added through the key operation area 112, and press the START key.

[0076] At this time, the controller 10 will control the second electronic valve 5, the third electronic valve 9, the vacuum pump 7 and the sixth electronic valve 12 to open. The air in the atmosphere enters the liquid storage tank 2 through the air port 6, the second electronic valve 5, the vacuum pump 7 and the third electronic valve 9 in sequence under the action of the vacuum pump 7. The air entering the liquid in the liquid storage tank 2 presses down, so that the coolant in the liquid storage tank 2 enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port 22 on the liquid storage tank 2 and the liquid replenishment port on the water system. At the same time, the controller 10 will close the second electronic valve 5 and open the first electronic valve 4 at regular intervals, so that the vacuum pump 7 will intermittently extract air from the water system of the fuel cell vehicle, while extracting air from the vehicle water system and adding liquid to the vehicle water system, so as to achieve a faster liquid addition progress.

[0077] The liquid adding and draining device is located at the highest end of the fuel cell vehicle. Due to the effect of gravity and the extraction of air in the water system while adding liquid, the liquid in the liquid storage tank 2 can quickly enter the water system of the fuel cell vehicle through the sixth electronic valve 12 and the first drain port 22 on the liquid storage tank 2, thereby achieving efficient liquid replenishment of the water system of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0078] The liquid storage tank 2 is provided with a MIN line and a liquid level sensor 15. When the liquid level detected by the liquid level sensor 15 reaches the MIN line, the controller 10 controls the vacuum pump 7 to stop working and controls the sixth electronic valve 12 to automatically close, completing the process of adding liquid to the water system of the fuel cell vehicle. During the liquid adding process, the controller 10 automatically analyzes the remaining time required for liquid adding according to the liquid level information of the liquid storage tank 2 and the current air pressure value and the set air pressure value.

[0079] In this embodiment, the controller 10 can automatically control the vacuum degree, liquid adding speed and liquid adding amount in the water system so that the set value is finally reached; a display screen 11, an air pressure sensor 14 and a liquid level sensor 15 are provided to measure the pressure and liquid level status in the water system in real time and display them on the display area 113.

[0080] The controller 10 also includes a data management module, which can store various models of different vehicle types and their standard setting values, so as to provide automatic matching according to the model to be filled with liquid or drained, or facilitate users to quickly select and improve efficiency.

[0081] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the controller 10 further includes a third pipeline 103, a water pump 16, a fifth electronic valve 17 and a flow meter 18. One end of the third pipeline 103 is connected to the liquid inlet 23 of the liquid storage tank 2; the water pump 16 is arranged on the third pipeline 103; the fifth electronic valve 17 is arranged on the third pipeline 103; the flow meter 18 is arranged on the third pipeline 103 and is located between the water pump 16 and the fifth electronic valve 17. The water pump 16, the fifth electronic valve 17 and the flow meter 18 are electrically connected to the controller 10 respectively.

[0082] One end of the third pipeline 103 is communicated with the liquid inlet 23 of the liquid storage tank 2 , and the other end of the third pipeline 103 is used to be connected to an external water source to replenish the coolant into the liquid storage tank 2 .

[0083] When replenishing the liquid storage tank 2, first select "liquid storage tank replenishment mode" in the mode selection area 111, and the controller 10 controls the sixth electronic valve 12 to discharge the residual liquid in the liquid storage tank 2. After the residual liquid in the liquid storage tank 2 is discharged, the sixth electronic valve 12 is closed. Then the liquid inlet 23 on the liquid storage tank 2 is connected to the external water source, and the amount of liquid to be added is set through the key operation area 112 of the display screen 11, and the START key is pressed. At this time, the controller 10 automatically opens the fifth electronic valve 17 and the water pump 16, and the coolant enters the liquid storage tank 2 through the liquid inlet 23, the fifth electronic valve 17 and the water pump 16 in sequence under the action of the water pump 16. The liquid flow data is read through the flow meter 18, and the controller 10 controls the speed of the water pump 16 to control the replenishment flow. The liquid level sensor 15 is provided in the liquid storage tank 2, which can obtain the liquid level in the liquid storage tank 2 in real time. When the liquid volume in the liquid storage tank 2 reaches the set capacity, the water pump 16 will end the work. The controller 10 automatically analyzes the required remaining time according to the operation information of the water pump 16 , the current liquid level value and the set liquid level value.

[0084] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a quick connector 19 is provided at one end of the third pipeline 103 that is not connected to the liquid storage tank 2. Quick connectors 19 are provided on the first liquid discharge port 22 of the liquid storage tank 2 and the second air inlet 31 of the buffer tank 3. The quick connector 19 is provided to facilitate the connection between the liquid filling and liquid discharge device and the water system in different modes.

[0085] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a liquid adding and draining method, which is applied to the liquid adding and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle in any of the above embodiments.

[0086] The liquid adding and discharging method comprises:

[0087] When the water system of the fuel cell vehicle is drained and vacuumed, the second air inlet on the buffer tank is connected to the drain end of the water system on the fuel cell vehicle, and the exhaust end and the liquid replenishing end of the water system connected to the expansion kettle are sealed and isolated;

[0088] Controlling the first pipeline to work, extracting the coolant remaining in the water system into the buffer tank, and discharging the air in the water system through the first pipeline, so that the water system reaches a vacuum state;

[0089] When adding liquid to the water system, the first liquid discharge port on the liquid storage tank is connected to the liquid replenishing end of the water system, and the exhaust end of the water system connected to the expansion kettle is kept open;

[0090] The second pipeline is controlled to operate, and air is introduced into the liquid storage tank, so that the coolant in the liquid storage tank enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port on the liquid storage tank under the action of air pressure.

[0091] Specifically, when the water system of the fuel cell vehicle is drained and vacuumed, the second air inlet on the buffer tank is connected to the drain end of the water system of the fuel cell vehicle, and the exhaust end and the liquid replenishing end connected to the expansion kettle in the water system of the fuel cell vehicle are sealed and isolated at the same time, and then the first pipeline is opened, and the residual coolant in the water system is extracted into the buffer tank through the first pipeline, and the water system is vacuumed. When it is necessary to extract the air and residual liquid in the water system of the fuel cell vehicle, the residual liquid in the water system can be extracted into the buffer tank through the buffer tank, the first pipeline and the vacuum pump to achieve the purpose of completely draining the residual liquid in the water system, and the air can be continuously extracted, and the air in the water system can be extracted and discharged through the first pipeline, so that the water system of the fuel cell vehicle reaches a vacuum state. When the vehicle is not started for a long time, due to the vacuum state in the water system, the radiator, intercooler and other components in the water system will not be oxidized, thereby inhibiting the ion precipitation of the components.

[0092] When adding liquid to the water system, when the first liquid discharge port on the liquid storage tank is connected to the liquid replenishing end of the water system, the second pipeline is opened, and at the same time, the exhaust end connected to the expansion kettle in the water system needs to be kept open, and air is introduced into the liquid storage tank through the second pipeline, so that the coolant in the liquid storage tank enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port on the liquid storage tank. The liquid storage tank stores coolant, and when air is introduced into the liquid storage tank through the second pipeline, the coolant in the liquid storage tank is discharged from the first liquid discharge port on the liquid storage tank under the pressure of the incoming air and enters the water system, completing the liquid addition to the water system. Preferably, in the process of adding liquid to the water system, the second electronic valve of the second pipeline is controlled to be closed at every preset time, and the first electronic valve of the first pipeline is controlled to be opened, and air is extracted from the water system of the fuel cell vehicle through the first pipeline, which can accelerate the addition of coolant in the liquid storage tank to the water system, and realize efficient liquid replenishment of the water system of the fuel cell vehicle. Preferably, when adding liquid to the water system, the liquid adding and draining device can be placed at the highest point of the car, so that the liquid adding to the water system can be accelerated under the action of gravity.

[0093] Preferably, during operation of the second pipeline, the second electronic valve of the second pipeline is controlled to be closed at preset time intervals, and the first electronic valve of the first pipeline is controlled to be opened to extract air from the water system.

[0094] Specifically, the liquid adding and draining device is located at the highest end of the fuel cell vehicle. Due to the effect of gravity, the air in the water system is extracted while adding liquid, so that the liquid in the liquid storage tank can quickly enter the water system of the fuel cell vehicle through the first liquid drain port on the liquid storage tank, thereby realizing efficient liquid replenishment of the water system of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0095] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: include: A box body, wherein the inner cavity of the box body is divided into a liquid storage box and a buffer tank, wherein the liquid storage box is provided with a first air inlet, a first liquid discharge port and a liquid inlet for adding liquid to the liquid storage box, and the buffer tank is provided with a second air inlet, an air discharge port and a second liquid discharge port, wherein the second air inlet is at a distance from the bottom of the buffer tank; a first pipeline, one end of which is connected to the exhaust port on the buffer tank, and the other end of which is connected to the atmosphere; a second pipeline, wherein one end of the second pipeline is connected to the first air inlet, and the other end of the second pipeline is an air port connected to the atmosphere; A vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline; When the second air inlet is connected to the drain end of the water system on the fuel cell vehicle, the first pipeline is opened, the coolant remaining in the water system is pumped into the buffer tank through the first pipeline, and the water system is vacuumed; When the first liquid discharge port is connected to the liquid replenishing end of the water system, the second pipeline is opened, and the vacuum pump inhales air through the air port connected to the atmosphere. The air flows through the second pipeline and is introduced into the liquid storage tank through the first air inlet. The introduced air compresses the coolant in the liquid storage tank, so that the coolant enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port.

2. A liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a first electronic valve, a second electronic valve, a third electronic valve and a fourth electronic valve; One end of the first electronic valve is connected to the exhaust pipe of the buffer tank, and the other end of the first electronic valve is connected to the vacuum pump and one end of the second electronic valve respectively; The other end of the vacuum pump is connected to one end of the third electronic valve and the fourth electronic valve through pipelines respectively; The other end of the third electronic valve is connected to the first air inlet pipeline; The other ends of the second electronic valve and the fourth electronic valve are connected to the atmosphere; When the second electronic valve and the third electronic valve are closed, the first electronic valve, the vacuum pump and the fourth electronic valve are opened to form the first pipeline; When the first electronic valve and the fourth electronic valve are closed, the second electronic valve, the vacuum pump and the third electronic valve are opened to form the second pipeline.

3. A liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Also includes: a third pipeline, one end of which is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank; a water pump, wherein the water pump is arranged on the third pipeline; a fifth electronic valve, the fifth electronic valve being arranged on the third pipeline; A flow meter is arranged on the third pipeline and located between the water pump and the fifth electronic valve.

4. A liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes quick-connect couplers; The other end of the third pipeline is provided with the quick connector; The first liquid discharge port and the second air inlet port are respectively provided with the quick connectors.

5. The liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a sixth electronic valve, the sixth electronic valve being arranged on the first liquid discharge port; A seventh electronic valve is arranged on the second liquid discharge port.

6. A liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An air pressure sensor is disposed in the buffer tank and is used to detect the air pressure in the buffer tank.

7. A liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A liquid level sensor is disposed in the liquid storage tank and is used to detect the liquid level in the liquid storage tank.

8. The liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first liquid discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and the first air inlet is arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank; The second liquid discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the buffer tank, and the exhaust port on the buffer tank is arranged at the top of the buffer tank.

9. A method for adding and discharging liquid, characterized in that: A liquid filling and draining device for a fuel cell vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; The liquid adding and discharging method comprises: When the water system of the fuel cell vehicle is drained and vacuumed, the second air inlet is connected to the drain end of the water system on the fuel cell vehicle, and the exhaust end and the liquid replenishing end of the water system connected to the expansion kettle are sealed and isolated; Controlling the first pipeline to work, extracting the coolant remaining in the water system into the buffer tank, and discharging the air in the water system through the first pipeline, so that the water system reaches a vacuum state; When adding liquid to the water system, the first liquid discharge port is connected to the liquid replenishing end of the water system, and the exhaust end of the water system connected to the expansion kettle is kept open; The second pipeline is controlled to operate, and air is introduced into the liquid storage tank, so that the coolant in the liquid storage tank enters the water system from the first liquid discharge port under the action of air pressure.

10. A liquid adding and discharging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of adding liquid to the water system also includes: During the operation of the second pipeline, the second electronic valve of the second pipeline is controlled to be closed at preset time intervals, and the first electronic valve of the first pipeline is controlled to be opened to extract air from the water system.

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