Power storage device, power tool system and charging device

Abstract

The present invention provides an energy storage device, an electric tool system and a charging device, wherein the energy storage device comprises a housing, N groups of battery cells contained in the housing and a control unit for controlling the N groups of battery cells, wherein N is a composite number, and the energy storage device further comprises a plurality of switching switches, wherein the control unit controls the switching switches to be turned on or off, so that the N groups of battery cells are connected in series and / or in parallel, and the energy storage device can output at least three voltages. Compared with the prior art, the energy storage device of the present invention can be used for different types of electric tools or charging devices with different voltage / current requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electric energy storage device and an electric tool system and a charging device using the electric energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] The mobility and detachability of battery pack energy storage devices have been widely used in homes and industrial places. Commonly used power tools or garden tools in homes and industries generally use a motor as a load, which consumes the power provided by the battery pack to complete the driving force required for work.

[0003] Different types of electric tools and garden tools often have different requirements for voltage and current. Battery energy storage devices with one or two voltages cannot provide voltage and current for multiple different types of electric tools and garden tools, and electric tools and garden tools produced by the same manufacturing company cannot be fully matched. For example: the working state of the chain saw in the garden tool is generally in high power mode; the impact tool in the electric tool can output high power mode or low power mode; at this time, the existing battery energy storage device with one or two voltages cannot provide such a variable output current.

[0004] In view of this, it is indeed necessary to improve the existing battery energy storage device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide an electric energy storage device which can output at least three voltages and can then be matched with different types of electric tools or charging devices to perform power supply or charging operations.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides an electric energy storage device, comprising a shell, N groups of battery cells housed in the shell, and a control unit for controlling the N groups of battery cells, wherein N is a composite number. The electric energy storage device also includes a plurality of switching switches, and the control unit controls the switching switches to be turned on or off so that the N groups of battery cells are connected in series and / or in parallel, and the electric energy storage device can output at least three voltages.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the control unit includes a microcontroller and a high-side driver unit connected to the microcontroller, the microcontroller sends a control instruction to the high-side driver unit, and the switching switch is driven by the high-side driver unit.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, each group of battery cells has an equal output voltage, and the number of the switching switches is 3 (N-1).

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the switching switch includes a first switch connecting the positive output ends of two adjacent groups of battery cells, a second switch connecting the negative output ends of two adjacent groups of battery cells, and a third switch connecting the two adjacent groups of battery cells end to end.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the microcontroller sends a control instruction to the high-side drive unit to drive the first switch and the second switch to be fully turned on and the third switch to be fully turned off, the N groups of battery cells are connected in parallel with each other, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is equal to the output voltage of a single battery cell.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the microcontroller sends a control instruction to the high-side drive unit to drive part of the first switch, part of the second switch and part of the third switch to turn on, the N groups of battery cells form a series-parallel combination, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is greater than the output voltage of a single battery cell but less than the sum of the output voltages of the N groups of battery cells.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the N groups of battery cells form a series-parallel combination, they can be combined in a manner of first connecting in parallel and then in series, or first connecting in series and then in parallel.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the microcontroller sends a control instruction to the high-side drive unit to drive the first switch and the second switch to be completely turned off and the third switch to be completely turned on, the N groups of battery cells are connected in series, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is equal to the sum of the output voltages of the N groups of battery cells.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are all MOSFETs.

[0015] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention also provides an electric tool system, including the above-mentioned electric energy storage device, and a first electric tool with a first rated voltage, a second electric tool with a second rated voltage, and a third electric tool with a third rated voltage. When the electric energy storage device is matched with the first electric tool, it outputs the first rated voltage; when the electric energy storage device is matched with the second electric tool, it outputs the second rated voltage; when the electric energy storage device is matched with the third electric tool, it outputs the third rated voltage.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, an output port is provided on the shell of the electric energy storage device, and the output port is provided with a positive electrode connecting plate and a negative electrode connecting plate. The positive output end of the battery cell is connected to the positive electrode connecting plate, and the negative output end is connected to the negative electrode connecting plate.

[0017] To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a charging device for charging the aforementioned electric energy storage device.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the electric energy storage device of the present invention can output at least three voltages, so that the same electric energy storage device can be used for different types of power tools or charging devices with different voltage / current requirements. At the same time, the electric energy storage device can communicate with the power tool / charging device and automatically adjust its internal circuit configuration according to the type of the power tool / charging device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the electric energy storage device of the present invention when it is applied to four groups of battery units.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram when four groups of battery cells are connected in parallel.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of four battery cells connected in series and parallel.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Circuit diagram of four groups of battery cells connected in series.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the electric energy storage device of the present invention when it is applied to six groups of battery cells.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the electric energy storage device of the present invention when it is applied to twelve groups of battery units.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a working principle diagram when the electric energy storage device of the present invention is used to activate an electric tool.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Circuit diagram of the wake-up circuit and self-locking circuit around the LDO.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of the matching of the electric energy storage device of the present invention with the electric tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] See also Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses an electric energy storage device, including a shell, N groups of battery cells accommodated in the shell, multiple switching switches and a control unit for controlling the N groups of battery cells, wherein N is a composite number, each group of battery cells has multiple battery cells connected in series or in parallel, and each group of battery cells has an equal output voltage.

[0030] The control unit includes a microcontroller MCU and a high side driver (HSD) connected to the microcontroller MCU, the switch is connected to the high side driver and driven by the high side driver, and the control unit is configured as follows: the microcontroller MCU sends a control instruction to the high side driver, and the high side driver drives the corresponding switch to turn on or off, so as to realize the series connection and / or parallel connection of N groups of battery cells, so that the electric energy storage device can output at least three voltages. Since the number of battery cells is N, the number of switches is 3 (N-1).

[0031] The following will be Figure 1 Taking the example of a device having four groups of battery cells, the working principle of the electric energy storage device of the present invention is described in detail.

[0032] An output port that can be coupled to an electric tool or a charging device is provided on the shell, and the output port is provided with a positive connecting piece OUT1, a negative connecting piece OUT4, and a communication terminal OUT2 and a charging terminal OUT3 located between the positive connecting piece OUT1 and the negative connecting piece OUT4. The positive output terminal of the battery unit is connected to the positive connecting piece OUT1, and the negative output terminal is connected to the negative connecting piece OUT4; the communication terminal OUT2 is used to connect with the electric tool, so as to wake up the electric tool and receive the signal sent by the electric tool; the charging terminal OUT3 is used to connect with the charging device so that the charging device can charge the electric energy storage device.

[0033] The four groups of battery cells are battery cell C1, battery cell C2, battery cell C3 and battery cell C4. Each battery cell is composed of 5 battery cells connected in series. Each battery cell outputs a voltage of 3.6V, so the output voltage of each battery cell is 18V. Battery cell C1 has a positive output terminal C1 + , negative output terminal C1 - , battery cell C2 has a positive output terminal C2 + , negative output terminal C2 - , battery cell C3 has a positive output terminal C3 + , negative output terminal C3 - , battery cell C4 has a positive output terminal C4 + , negative output terminal C4 - .

[0034] The switching switch includes a first switch connecting the positive output ends of two adjacent battery cells, a second switch connecting the negative output ends of two adjacent battery cells, and a third switch connecting the two adjacent battery cells end to end. + With C3 + The switch Q1 is connected between C3 + With C2 + The switch Q2 is connected between + With C1 + The second switch includes a switch Q3 connected between C4 - With C3 - The switch Q4 is connected between C3 - With C2 - The switch Q5 is connected between - With C1 - The third switch includes a switch Q6 connected between C1 + With C2 - The switch Q7 is connected between C2 + With C3 - The switch Q8 is connected between + With C4 - Switch Q9 between. C4 + Connected to the positive terminal OUT1, C1 - Connected to the negative electrode connecting piece OUT4.

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the energy storage device is matched with an 18V power tool, the microcontroller MCU receives a feedback signal from the power tool, for example, the rated working voltage of the power tool, and the microcontroller MCU sends a control instruction to the high-side driver unit. The high-side driver unit drives the first switch (Q1, Q2, Q3) and the second switch (Q4, Q5, Q6) to be all turned on, and the third switch (Q7, Q8, Q9) to be all turned off. At this time, the four groups of battery cells (C1, C2, C3, C4) are connected in parallel, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is equal to the output voltage of a single battery cell, that is, 18V.

[0036] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, when the energy storage device is matched with a 36V electric tool, the microcontroller MCU receives a feedback signal from the electric tool, for example, the rated working voltage of the electric tool, and the microcontroller MCU sends a control instruction to the high-side drive unit. The high-side drive unit drives part of the first switch (Q1, Q3), part of the second switch (Q4, Q6) and part of the third switch (Q8) to turn on, and part of the first switch (Q2), part of the second switch (Q5) and part of the third switch (Q7, Q9) to turn off. At this time, four groups of battery cells (C1, C2, C3, C4) form a series-parallel combination, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is greater than the output voltage of a single battery cell (18V) but less than the sum of the output voltages of the four groups of battery cells (72V), that is, 36V.

[0037] It should be noted that when four groups of battery cells (C1, C2, C3, C4) are connected in series and in parallel, they can be connected in parallel first and then in series, or in series first and then in parallel, and there is no limitation here.

[0038] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, when the energy storage device is matched with a 72V electric tool, the microcontroller MCU receives a feedback signal from the electric tool, for example, the rated working voltage of the electric tool, and the microcontroller MCU sends a control instruction to the high-side driver unit. The high-side driver unit drives the first switch (Q1, Q2, Q3) and the second switch (Q4, Q5, Q6) to be all turned off and the third switch (Q7, Q8, Q9) to be all turned on. At this time, the four groups of battery cells (C1, C2, C3, C4) are connected in series, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is equal to the sum of the output voltages of the four groups of battery cells, that is, 72V.

[0039] In the present invention, the first switch (Q1, Q2, Q3), the second switch (Q4, Q5, Q6) and the third switch (Q7, Q8, Q9) are all MOSFETs, but the present invention should not be limited thereto.

[0040] The above is a description of the feedback signal sent by the power tool received by the microcontroller MCU when the power storage device matches various power tools. In other words, the MCU issues a control instruction based on the received feedback signal, and the feedback signal is sent and controlled by the power tool. When the power storage device does not match the power tool, the MCU can also be controlled manually to issue a control instruction and then output three different voltages.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the control unit also includes a switch K-18V, a switch K-36V, a switch K-72V and an LED indicator light connected to the MCU, and the LED indicator light includes an LED-18V corresponding to the switch K-18V, an LED-36V corresponding to the switch K-36V, and an LED-72V corresponding to the switch K-72V. The switches K-18V, K-36V, K-72V and the LED indicators LED-18V, LED-36V, and LED-72V are all arranged on the housing. The LED-18V, LED-36V, and LED-72V here can be used for lighting as well as for verifying whether the corresponding switches K-18V, K-36V, and K-72V are working properly.

[0042] When the switch K-18V is pressed, the MCU also sends a control instruction to the high-side driver unit. The high-side driver unit drives the first switch (Q1, Q2, Q3) and the second switch (Q4, Q5, Q6) to be turned on and the third switch (Q7, Q8, Q9) to be turned off. The four groups of battery cells (C1, C2, C3, C4) are connected in parallel. The output voltage of the energy storage device is equal to the output voltage of a single battery cell, that is, 18V. At this time, LED-18V lights up.

[0043] Similarly, when the switch K-36V is pressed, the MCU controls the energy storage device to output a voltage of 36V, and the LED-36V is lit; when the switch K-72V is pressed, the MCU controls the energy storage device to output a voltage of 72V, and the LED-72V is lit.

[0044] See also Figure 5 Combined with Figure 1 As shown, when the electric energy storage device of the present invention is applied to six groups of battery cells (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6), Figure 5 The setting method of the switching switch, the control method of the microcontroller MCU, the driving method of the high-side drive unit and Figure 1 The only difference is: Figure 5 The number of battery cells is 6 (N), the corresponding number of switches is 15 (3N-3), and the output voltage of a single battery cell is defined as n (specifically 18V). At this time, the energy storage device can output four voltages, namely n (18V), 2n (36V), 3n (54V), and 6n (108V).

[0045] See also Figure 6 Combined with Figure 1 As shown, when the electric energy storage device of the present invention is applied to twelve groups of battery cells (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12), Figure 6The setting method of the switching switch, the control method of the microcontroller MCU, the driving method of the high-side drive unit and Figure 1 The only difference is: Figure 6 The number of battery cells is 12 (N), the corresponding number of switching switches is 33 (3N-3), and the output voltage of a single battery cell is defined as n (specifically 18V). At this time, the energy storage device can output six voltages, namely n (18V), 2n (36V), 3n (54V), 4n (72V), 6n (108V), and 12n (216V).

[0046] See also Figures 7 to 9 As shown, taking the energy storage device as a battery pack as an example, the battery pack has a positive output terminal P + , negative output terminal P - , switch one end of switch group 1 to P + One end of the switch group 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 2, and the other end is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 2. - The positive electrode of the battery cell C1 is connected to P through the diode D1. + The negative terminal is directly connected to P - The MCU 5 is respectively connected to the low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) 4, the MCU self-locking circuit 6, the communication module (COM module) 8, and the high-side driver unit 17, and is also connected to the battery unit 2 through the analog front end AFE 18. The LDO 4 is also respectively connected to the P + End and P - The end of the capacitor coupling wake-up circuit 7 is connected to the P through the switch K1. + The first end is connected to the MCU self-locking circuit 6, and the other end is connected to the LDO 4, the MCU self-locking circuit 6 and the COM wake-up circuit 16. The other end of the COM wake-up circuit 16 is connected to the COM module 8. The high-side drive unit 17 is respectively connected to the switch group 1 and the switch group 3 to drive the corresponding switch to turn on or off.

[0047] The electric tool (complete machine) also has a positive output terminal P + , negative output terminal P - , one end of the motor 12 is connected to P - The other end is connected to the motor drive unit 11, and the other end of the motor drive unit 11 is connected to the P + The MCU 13 is connected to the low voltage dropout linear regulator (LDO) 10, the MCU self-locking circuit 15, the communication module (COM module) 14 and the motor drive unit 11. The LDO 10 is also connected to the P + End and P - One end of the capacitor coupling wake-up circuit 9 is connected to P through switch K2.+ The COM module 14 is connected to the COM module 8 of the battery pack, and the P of the power tool is connected to the LDO 10 and the MCU self-locking circuit 15. + The terminal is used to connect to the battery pack + End docking, power tools P - The terminal is used to connect to the battery pack - The ends are docked to achieve electrical connection between the battery pack and the power tool.

[0048] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The specific circuit diagram of the wake-up circuit and self-locking circuit located outside the LDO 4 / 10. From the figure, it can be seen that the LDO uses the regulator U1 of model TPS7A4001DGNR, which has an input terminal (Vin), an output terminal (Vout), an enable terminal (EN), a FB terminal and a ground terminal (GND). The Vin terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery (BAT) through a diode D1. + ) and the Vout terminal is connected to the 5V power supply. The EN terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the battery (BAT) through capacitor C1 (0.1uF / 50V), resistor R1 (10K), diode D2, Zener diode ZD1 (36V) and switch SW1. + ) and are connected to ground through capacitor C4 (0.1uF / 50V) and resistor R4 (2M). The FB terminal is connected to the 5V power supply through resistor R2 and to the GND terminal (i.e. grounded) through resistor R3. A capacitor C2 (0.1uF / 50V) is also connected between the Vout terminal and the FB terminal, and the Vout terminal is also grounded through capacitor C3 (4.7uF / 25V).

[0049] The microcontroller MCU is connected to the EN terminal through the resistor R5 (100R) and the diode D3. At the same time, the COM module is also connected to the EN terminal through the resistor R6 (100R) and the diode D4. After the MCU enables the COM module, the regulator U1 (ie, LDO) is enabled together to achieve activation and matching between the battery pack and the power tool.

[0050] like Fig. 9 As shown, when the battery pack is matched with the power tool, first, the battery cell C1 supplies the P of the battery pack through the diode D1. + The P + End, P - The COM terminal and the P + End, P -The end and the COM end are connected, and LDO 10 is powered at this time; then, the capacitor coupling wake-up circuit 9 enables LDO 10, LDO 10 outputs 5V voltage to MCU 13, MCU 13 completes initialization, MCU 13 enables MCU self-locking circuit 15, and at this time the 5V system of the power tool is powered on, and MCU 13 enables COM module 14; then, the COM wake-up circuit 16 inside the battery pack enables LDO 4, LDO 4 outputs 5V voltage to MCU 5, MCU5 completes initialization, MCU 5 enables MCU self-locking circuit 6, and at this time the 5V system of the battery pack is powered on, and the battery pack and the power tool communicate through COM modules 8 and 14 to determine the rated working voltage of the whole machine; finally, MCU 5 enables the high-side drive unit 17 to drive the switching switch groups 1 and 3 to turn on or off to achieve voltage output. At this time, the action of the battery pack matching the whole machine to automatically adjust the output voltage is completed.

[0051] In short, after the battery pack is matched with the power tool, the power tool is awakened and generates a signal to be fed back to the battery pack. The battery pack identifies the operating voltage of the power tool and automatically switches to the corresponding voltage state, at which point the power tool can work.

[0052] In combination with the above description, the electric energy storage device of the present invention can be docked not only with an electric tool, but also with a charging device. When the electric energy storage device is docked with an electric tool, it can be matched with at least three electric tools with different working voltages. When the electric energy storage device is docked with a charging device, because the battery cell groups inside the electric energy storage device (such as a battery pack) can be in parallel or series, or multiple parallel connections and then series connections, or multiple series connections and then parallel connections, the electric energy storage device can be charged by at least three charging devices with different charging voltages, and the scope of application is wide.

[0053] In summary, the energy storage device of the present invention can output at least three voltages, so that the same energy storage device can be used for different types of power tools or charging devices with different voltage / current requirements. At the same time, the energy storage device can communicate with the power tool / charging device and automatically adjust its internal circuit configuration according to the type of power tool / charging device.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric energy storage device, comprising a housing, N battery cells contained in the housing, and a control unit for controlling the N battery cells, wherein N is a composite number, characterized in that: The electric energy storage device also includes a plurality of switching switches, and the control unit controls the switching switches to be turned on or off so that N groups of battery cells are connected in series and / or in parallel, and the electric energy storage device can output at least three voltages; the control unit includes a microcontroller, a high-side drive unit connected to the microcontroller, and a manual control switch connected to the microcontroller, the microcontroller is configured to issue a control instruction to the high-side drive unit based on a received feedback signal, and the switching switch is driven by the high-side drive unit; the feedback signal is issued and controlled by the manual control switch, or issued and controlled by an electric tool / charging device matched with the electric energy storage device.

2. The electric energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of battery cells has an equal output voltage, and the number of the switching switches is 3(N-1).

3. The electric energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switching switch includes a first switch connecting the positive output ends of two adjacent battery units, a second switch connecting the negative output ends of two adjacent battery units, and a third switch connecting the two adjacent battery units end to end.

4. The electric energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the microcontroller sends a control instruction to the high-side drive unit to drive the first switch and the second switch to be fully turned on and the third switch to be fully turned off, the N groups of battery cells are connected in parallel, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is equal to the output voltage of a single battery cell.

5. The electric energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the microcontroller sends a control instruction to the high-side drive unit to drive part of the first switch, part of the second switch and part of the third switch to turn on, the N groups of battery cells form a series-parallel combination, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is greater than the output voltage of a single battery cell but less than the sum of the output voltages of the N groups of battery cells.

6. The electric energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the N groups of battery cells form a series-parallel combination, they are combined in a manner of first connecting in parallel and then in series or first connecting in series and then in parallel.

7. The electric energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the microcontroller sends a control instruction to the high-side drive unit to drive the first switch and the second switch to be completely turned off and the third switch to be completely turned on, the N groups of battery cells are connected in series, and the output voltage of the energy storage device is equal to the sum of the output voltages of the N groups of battery cells.

8. The electric energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first switch, the second switch and the third switch are all MOSFETs.

9. An electric tool system, characterized in that: It comprises an energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and a first electric tool having a first rated voltage, a second electric tool having a second rated voltage, and a third electric tool having a third rated voltage, wherein when the energy storage device is matched with the first electric tool, it outputs the first rated voltage; when the energy storage device is matched with the second electric tool, it outputs the second rated voltage; when the energy storage device is matched with the third electric tool, it outputs the third rated voltage.

10. The electric tool system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shell of the electric energy storage device is provided with an output port, and the output port is provided with a positive electrode connecting plate and a negative electrode connecting plate. The positive output end of the battery unit is connected to the positive electrode connecting plate, and the negative output end is connected to the negative electrode connecting plate.

11. A charging device, characterized in that: Used to charge the electric energy storage device described in any one of claims 1-8.

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