A battery box

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery box, which relates to the field of battery boxes. The battery box includes a box body and a battery cell. The box body includes a bottom plate, a side plate and a top plate. The bottom plate, the side plate and the top plate form a storage space for installing the battery cell. The bottom plate is provided with a positioning structure that cooperates with the battery cell. The top plate is a hollow structure. The top plate has a gas chamber inside. The lower side of the top plate is provided with an air guide hole. The gas chamber is connected to the storage space. The side plates are relatively arranged with air inlet holes and exhaust holes. The air inlet holes are connected to the gas chamber, and the exhaust holes are connected to the storage space. The air inlet holes are installed with an air intake fan, and the exhaust holes are installed with an exhaust fan. The gas discharged from the air guide holes of the top plate is in contact with the battery cell for heat exchange. The top air intake can make the gas flow through the internal battery cell more evenly, solving the problem of poor patency of the flow channel inside the box, thereby achieving full and effective heat dissipation of the battery cell in the box from the inside to the outside.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery boxes, and in particular to a battery box. Background Art

[0002] The battery box is a common energy storage device, which usually includes a box body and a battery module arranged in the box body. The battery module is formed by multiple battery cells connected in series. During use, due to the large temperature difference in the external environment and the heating of the battery, it is necessary to add a heat preservation and heat dissipation structure in the box body to ensure the normal use of the battery.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN107689436A and application publication date 2018.02.13 discloses a battery box with balanced heating and heat dissipation and a control method for the battery box, and specifically discloses that the battery box includes a box body and a controller, the box body includes a battery pack, a temperature sensor, a heating plate, an exhaust fan, an intake fan and an outer shell, the battery pack includes at least one battery cell, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the battery cell; the battery compartment is a hollow structure, and the heat dissipation channel of the hollow structure can accelerate the heat dissipation speed, which is beneficial to the balanced heat dissipation of the battery box; a battery compartment partition layer is arranged between two adjacent battery compartments, and the battery partition layer is a hollow structure; a plurality of heating plates are arranged between the battery pack and the inner wall of the outer shell, an exhaust fan is arranged on one side of the outer shell, and an intake fan is arranged on the other side of the outer shell opposite to the side where the exhaust fan is arranged; the controller is connected to the battery pack, the heating plate, the exhaust fan and the intake fan.

[0004] When in use, the exhaust fan and the intake fan cooperate with each other to form a stable gas flow field, so that the battery box can dissipate heat evenly; the heating plate is used to evenly heat the battery box. Although the battery compartment and the partition plate are both hollow structures as a whole, the battery cells are arranged in the middle of the battery compartment, making the internal flow channel of the battery compartment less patency. When the exhaust fan and the intake fan are working, the airflow tends to flow directly out from the edge of the box, and cannot play a good heat dissipation role for the internal battery cells. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery box to solve the problem that the airflow in the existing battery box easily flows out directly from the edge position inside the box body and cannot play a good heat dissipation effect on the internal battery cells.

[0006] The technical solution of the battery box of the present invention is:

[0007] The battery box includes a box body and a battery cell, the box body includes a bottom plate, a side plate and a top plate, the bottom plate, the side plate and the top plate enclose a storage space for installing the battery cell; the bottom plate is provided with a positioning structure for positioning the battery cell, the top plate is a hollow structure, the top plate has a gas chamber inside, the lower side of the top plate is provided with an air guide hole, and the gas chamber is connected with the storage space;

[0008] An air inlet hole and an exhaust hole are arranged opposite to each other on the side plate. The air inlet hole is connected to the gas chamber, and the exhaust hole is connected to the accommodating space. An air inlet fan is installed on the air inlet hole, and an exhaust fan is installed on the exhaust hole.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The box body includes a bottom plate, a side plate and a top plate, the lower side of the top plate is provided with an air guide hole, the gas chamber inside the top plate is connected with the storage space where the battery cell is located, and the air inlet hole and the exhaust hole are relatively arranged on the side plate, the air inlet hole is connected with the gas chamber, and the exhaust hole is connected with the storage space, thereby forming an air flow channel from the air inlet hole, the gas chamber, the storage space to the exhaust hole, in the storage space where the battery cell is installed, the gas discharged from the air guide hole of the top plate is in contact with the battery cell for heat exchange, and the top air intake can make the gas flow through the internal battery cell more evenly, thereby solving the problem of poor patency of the flow channel inside the box body, thereby realizing sufficient and effective heat dissipation of the battery cell in the box body from the inside to the outside.

[0010] Furthermore, the box body is in the shape of a cuboid, the bottom plate is provided with at least two positioning grooves arranged in parallel along the length direction, the battery cells are arranged in at least two rows in the positioning grooves, the interval between two adjacent rows of battery cells is connected to the gas chamber to form an air flow channel, and the positioning grooves constitute the positioning structure that cooperates with the battery cells;

[0011] The side plate includes two longitudinal side plates arranged at intervals perpendicular to the length direction, and two transverse side plates arranged at intervals perpendicular to the width direction. The air inlet and the air outlet are arranged oppositely on the two longitudinal side plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the top plate includes an upper buckle plate and a lower buckle plate, the upper buckle plate and the lower buckle plate are detachably connected, the lower buckle plate includes a frame and reinforcing ribs, and the frame is positioned and matched with the upper edge of the battery unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower buckle plate also includes a longitudinal support plate connected to the middle of the frame, the air guide holes are arranged on the longitudinal support plate at longitudinal intervals, and the longitudinal support plate is arranged corresponding to the interval between two adjacent columns of battery cells.

[0014] Furthermore, a lead hole is provided on the frame of the lower buckle plate, and a lead groove is correspondingly provided on the upper buckle plate, and wires connected to the electrodes of the battery cell are passed through the lead hole and the lead groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the box body also includes a U-shaped frame, the two vertical sections of the U-shaped frame constitute the two longitudinal side panels, the bottom plate is fixedly mounted on the horizontal section of the U-shaped frame, and the two transverse side panels are connected between the two vertical sections of the U-shaped frame.

[0016] Furthermore, two electric heating plates are provided in the box body, and the two electric heating plates are respectively sandwiched between the two lateral side plates and the battery cells.

[0017] Furthermore, a soft insulation layer is provided between the electric heating plate and the lateral side plate.

[0018] Furthermore, a transition air duct is connected between the air inlet and the gas chamber, and the transition air duct has a cross-sectional contraction shape along the airflow direction; a control circuit board is also provided on the lower side of the transition air duct, and the control circuit board is electrically connected to the air intake fan, exhaust fan, electric heating plate and battery cell respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, a thermally conductive silicone sheet is provided between the battery cell and the bottom plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a battery box in a specific embodiment 1 of the battery box of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Explosion diagram of the battery box;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the middle and lower gusset plate;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Vertical cross-sectional view of the battery box.

[0024] In the figure: 1-box, 10-U-shaped frame, 100-bottom plate, 101-longitudinal side plate, 102-lateral side plate, 103-horizontal section, 104-air inlet, 105-exhaust hole, 11-top plate, 110-lower buckle plate, 1100-frame, 1101-reinforcement rib, 1102-longitudinal support plate, 1103-air guide hole, 1104-lead hole, 111-upper buckle plate, 1110-lead groove, 112-upper cover, 12-electric heating plate, 13-soft insulation layer, 14-thermal conductive silicone sheet, 2-battery monomer, 3-intake fan, 31-transition air duct, 4-exhaust fan, 41-tail air duct, 5-control circuit board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] A specific embodiment 1 of the battery box of the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the battery box includes a box body 1 and a battery cell 2. The box body 1 includes a bottom plate 100, a side plate and a top plate 11. The bottom plate 100, the side plate and the top plate 11 form a storage space for installing the battery cell 2. The bottom plate 100 is provided with a positioning structure that cooperates with the battery cell 2. The top plate 11 is a hollow structure. The top plate 11 has a gas chamber inside. The middle position of the lower side of the top plate 11 is provided with a gas guide hole 1103, and the gas chamber is connected to the storage space. In this embodiment, the box body 1 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The bottom plate 100 is provided with two positioning grooves arranged in parallel along the length direction. The battery cells 2 are arranged in two rows in the positioning grooves of the bottom plate 100. The positioning grooves constitute a positioning structure that cooperates with the battery cells 2.

[0027] The width of the battery cell 2 matches the width of the positioning groove, and the battery cell 2 is arranged in parallel in the positioning groove along the length direction of the bottom plate 100, so that the battery cell 2 can be reliably mounted on the bottom plate 100 of the box body 1 through the positioning groove. In addition, a thermally conductive silicone sheet 14 is provided between the battery cell 2 and the bottom plate 100, and the thermally conductive silicone sheet 14 can effectively transfer the heat generated at the bottom of the battery cell 2 to the bottom plate 100, and realize heat exchange through the bottom plate 100 contacting the gas in the accommodation space, so that the heat generated at the bottom of the battery cell 2 is discharged from the inside of the box body 1.

[0028] An air inlet 104 connected to the gas chamber inside the top plate 11 and an exhaust hole 105 connected to the accommodating space are provided on the side plate. The air inlet 104 and the exhaust hole 105 are arranged opposite to each other, and the air inlet 104 is equipped with an air inlet fan 3, and the exhaust hole 105 is equipped with an exhaust fan. In addition, a longitudinal protrusion is provided between the two positioning grooves of the bottom plate 100, and the longitudinal protrusion divides the battery cells 2 in the two positioning grooves to form a gap. The gap between the two rows of battery cells 2 is connected to the gas chamber inside the top plate 11 to form an air flow channel. The air inlet fan 3 draws the external air into the air inlet 104, flows through the air inlet 104 to the gas chamber inside the top plate 11, and enters the gap between the battery cells 2 through the air guide hole 1103, and heat is exchanged between the gas and the battery cells 2, so that the high temperature generated by the battery cells 2 is discharged in the form of hot air through the exhaust hole 105.

[0029] In order to improve the sealing of air flow, a transition duct 31 is connected between the air inlet 104 of the side panel and the gas chamber inside the top panel 11. The transition duct 31 is in a cross-sectional contraction shape along the air flow direction, and the interior of the transition duct 31 has a curved flow channel to ensure that the gas can flow smoothly from the air inlet 104 to the gas chamber inside the top panel 11. Specifically, the side panels of the box body 1 include two longitudinal side panels 101 arranged at intervals perpendicular to the length direction, and two transverse side panels 102 arranged at intervals perpendicular to the width direction. The air inlet 104 and the exhaust vent 105 are arranged relatively on the two longitudinal side panels 101, thereby forming a longitudinally arranged air flow channel between the internal battery cells 2 of the box body 1, ensuring the smoothness of gas flow and the heat exchange efficiency, and improving the heat dissipation effect of the entire battery box.

[0030] In this embodiment, the top plate 11 includes an upper buckle plate 111 and a lower buckle plate 110, and the upper buckle plate 111 is detachably connected to the lower buckle plate 110. The lower buckle plate 110 includes a frame 1100 and a reinforcing rib 1101. Four reinforcing ribs 1101 are provided, and the four reinforcing ribs 1101 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction, and the frame 1100 is positioned in coordination with the upper edge of the battery unit 2. That is, the battery cells 2 are arranged in two rows in the positioning grooves of the bottom plate 100, and the upper edges of the two rows of battery cells 2 are positioned in coordination with the frame 1100 of the lower buckle plate 110. The positioning grooves of the bottom plate 100 and the edges 1100 of the lower buckle plate 110 respectively play a role in positioning and supporting the lower and upper parts of the battery cells 2, thereby ensuring that the battery cells 2 can be stably and reliably fixedly installed in the box 1.

[0031] The upper buckle plate 111 is snap-fitted with the frame 1100 of the lower buckle plate 110, and the upper buckle plate 111 and the lower buckle plate 110 are snap-fitted to form the top plate 11. Moreover, the lower buckle plate 110 also includes a longitudinal support plate 1102 connected to the middle of the frame 1100, the longitudinal support plate 1102 corresponds to the interval position between the two columns of battery cells 2, and the air guide holes 1103 are arranged on the longitudinal support plate 1102 with longitudinal intervals. The gas chamber inside the top plate 11 is connected to the interval between the two columns of battery cells 2 through the air guide holes 1103 of the longitudinal support plate 1102, ensuring that the cold gas entering the gas chamber can flow evenly to the accommodation space where the battery cells 2 are located, and the top air intake can make the gas flow more evenly through the internal battery cells 2, solving the problem of poor patency of the flow channel inside the box, ensuring that the gas can flow in the partial space near the boundary and the middle area, and realizing full and effective heat dissipation of the battery cells 2 in the box 1 from the inside to the outside.

[0032] A lead hole 1104 is provided on the frame 1100 of the lower clasp plate 110, and a lead groove 1110 is provided on the upper clasp plate 111. The lead hole 1104 of the lower clasp plate 110 and the lead groove 1110 of the upper clasp plate 111 are arranged correspondingly, and a wire connected to the electrode of the battery cell 2 is passed through the lead hole 1104 of the lower clasp plate 110 and the lead groove 1110 of the upper clasp plate 111. Specifically, the lead hole 1104 is arranged on the longitudinal side of the frame 1100 of the lower clasp plate 110, and the lead groove 1110 is arranged on the corresponding lateral side of the upper clasp plate 111. After the wire is connected to the electrode of the battery cell 2, it is led out through the lead hole 1104 and the lead groove 1110, and the led wire is connected to the control circuit board 5 built in the box body 1, which not only ensures that the wire is smoothly led out from the top plate 11, but also avoids interfering with the air flow channel and affecting the heat dissipation effect. In addition, an upper cover plate 112 is provided on the top plate 11 , and the upper cover plate 112 is fastened to the two lateral side plates 102 by bolts, thereby ensuring the structural reliability of the entire battery box.

[0033] In order to simplify the internal structure of the box body 1, the box body 1 also includes a U-shaped frame 10, the two vertical sections of the U-shaped frame 10 constitute two longitudinal side panels 101, and the bottom plate 100 is fixedly installed on the horizontal section 103 of the U-shaped frame 10. When in use, the battery cell 2 is first positioned and installed in the positioning groove of the bottom plate 100, and then the top plate 11 is fixed on the upper part of the battery cell 2, and then the battery cell 2, the bottom plate 100 and the top plate 11 are placed as a whole on the horizontal section 103 of the U-shaped frame 10, and the battery cell 2 is horizontally and longitudinally supported by the two vertical sections of the U-shaped frame 10, and the two transverse side panels 102 are bolted and connected to the two vertical sections of the U-shaped frame 10. Two electric heating plates 12 are also provided in the box body 1, and the two electric heating plates 12 are respectively sandwiched between the transverse side panels 102 and the battery cell 2. Moreover, a soft insulation layer 13 is provided between the electric heating plate 12 and the lateral side plate 102. The soft insulation layer 13 isolates the heat generated by the electric heating plate 12 inside the box body 1, preventing the heat of the electric heating plate 12 from being conducted to the lateral side plate 102 in cold weather and then directly dissipating into the outside air, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the battery box.

[0034] A control circuit board 5 is also provided between one of the longitudinal side panels 101 and the battery cell 2. The control circuit board 5 is electrically connected to the intake fan 3, the exhaust fan 4, the electric heating plate 12 and the battery cell 2 respectively. The control circuit board 5 controls the synchronous operation of the intake fan 3 and the exhaust fan 4, and controls the electric heating plate 12 to heat the battery cell 2. It should be noted that the control circuit board 5 is specifically a battery management system (referred to as "BMS"), which is used to prevent the problem of overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, and to monitor the working state of each battery cell 2; the control circuit board 5 and the transition air duct 31 are arranged on the lower side of the longitudinal side panel 101 on the same side, making full use of the internal space of the box body 1, and the integration is higher. Correspondingly, a tail air duct 41 is provided on the longitudinal side panel 101 on the other side, and the tail air duct 41 is arranged corresponding to the interval between the two rows of battery cells 2 to ensure that the high-temperature gas after heat exchange can be smoothly discharged from the exhaust hole 105 through the tail air duct 41.

[0035] In other specific embodiments of the battery box of the present invention, in order to adapt to different usage requirements, the shape of the box body is not limited to the rectangular parallelepiped in specific embodiment 1, and the shape of the box body can also be designed to be a cylinder. The side panels of the cylindrical box body are circumferential side panels, and the air inlet and exhaust holes are respectively arranged at the radial corresponding positions of the circumferential side panels, eliminating the assembly steps of the two longitudinal side panels and the two transverse side panels, which can adapt to different product appearance requirements.

[0036] In other specific embodiments of the battery box of the present invention, in order to simplify the structure of the top plate, the top plate is not limited to the split structure in specific embodiment 1, and the top plate can also be designed as an integrated structure, that is, a gas chamber is provided in the middle of the top plate, and an air guide hole connected to the accommodating space is provided on the lower side of the top plate, and a wiring groove is provided on the lower side of the top plate. The wiring groove is matched with the concave and convex of the wire connected to the electrode of the battery cell, and the wire is attached to the upper side of the battery cell and led out and connected to the control circuit board.

[0037] In other specific embodiments of the battery box of the present invention, in order to meet different product requirements, the bottom plate is not limited to having two positioning grooves arranged in parallel along the length direction, but more than two positioning grooves may be arranged on the bottom plate according to actual needs, and the positioning grooves are not limited to extending along the length direction of the bottom plate, but may also be arranged in parallel along the width direction of the bottom plate; accordingly, the air inlet holes, the air inlet fan, the exhaust holes, the exhaust fan are correspondingly arranged on the lateral side panels, thereby forming a transversely arranged air flow channel in the box body.

[0038] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery box, characterized in that: The box comprises a box body and a battery cell, wherein the box body comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a top plate, wherein the bottom plate, the side plate and the top plate enclose a storage space for installing the battery cell; a positioning structure for positioning and cooperating with the battery cell is provided on the bottom plate, the top plate is a hollow structure, a gas chamber is provided inside the top plate, an air guide hole is provided on the lower side of the top plate, and the gas chamber is connected with the storage space; An air inlet hole and an air exhaust hole are arranged opposite to each other on the side plate, the air inlet hole is communicated with the gas chamber, the air exhaust hole is communicated with the accommodation space, an air inlet fan is installed on the air inlet hole, and an air exhaust fan is installed on the air exhaust hole; The box body is in the shape of a cuboid, the bottom plate is provided with at least two positioning grooves arranged in parallel along the length direction, the battery cells are arranged in at least two rows in the positioning grooves, the interval between two adjacent rows of battery cells is connected to the gas chamber to form an air flow channel, and the positioning grooves constitute the positioning structure that cooperates with the battery cells; The side panels include two longitudinal side panels spaced apart perpendicularly to the length direction, and two transverse side panels spaced apart perpendicularly to the width direction, and the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged oppositely on the two longitudinal side panels; The top plate includes an upper buckle plate and a lower buckle plate, the upper buckle plate is detachably connected to the lower buckle plate, the lower buckle plate includes a frame and a reinforcing rib, and the frame is positioned and matched with the upper edge of the battery cell; The lower buckle plate also includes a longitudinal support plate connected to the middle of the frame, the air guide holes are arranged on the longitudinal support plate at longitudinal intervals, and the longitudinal support plate is arranged corresponding to the interval between two adjacent columns of battery cells; The box body is also provided with two electric heating plates, which are respectively sandwiched between the two lateral side plates and the battery cells; A transition air duct is connected between the air inlet and the gas chamber, and the transition air duct has a cross-sectional contraction shape along the airflow direction; a control circuit board is also provided on the lower side of the transition air duct, and the control circuit board is electrically connected to the air intake fan, exhaust fan, electric heating plate and battery cell respectively.

2. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lead hole is provided on the frame of the lower buckle plate, and a lead groove is correspondingly provided on the upper buckle plate. Wires connected to the electrodes of the battery cell are passed through the lead hole and the lead groove.

3. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body also includes a U-shaped frame, the two vertical sections of the U-shaped frame constitute the two longitudinal side panels, the bottom plate is fixedly mounted on the horizontal section of the U-shaped frame, and the two transverse side panels are connected between the two vertical sections of the U-shaped frame.

4. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soft heat-insulating layer is also provided between the electric heating plate and the transverse side plate.

5. The battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-conducting silicone sheet is provided between the battery cell and the bottom plate.

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