Intramedullary fixation device and its distal fixation structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel intramedullary fixation device and a simple fixation structure at its tail end. The novel intramedullary fixation device is an intramedullary nail, an elastic intramedullary nail or a Kirschner wire including a novel tip. The shapes of the novel tips are divided into a forward-tilt type, a vertical type and a backward-tilt type. The appropriate tip shape, tip bending angle and the diameter of the novel intramedullary fixation device are selected respectively according to the bending angle of the tubular bone marrow cavity and the size of the marrow cavity. The tail end of the novel intramedullary fixation device is bent with a corresponding bending tool, and the bent tail end is tightly fixed on the surface of the tubular bone by using a compression bone nail and a compression gasket. The simple fixation at the tail end is simple and practical in operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an intramedullary fixation device for tubular bone fractures and its tail-end fixation structure. Background Art

[0002] For tubular bone fractures caused by external forces such as violent impacts, the use of internal fixation methods with steel plates such as locking nail plates and straight plates has disadvantages such as large surgical incisions, long wound recovery times, and high surgical costs; in order to overcome the above disadvantages, a minimally invasive intramedullary implantation fixation method is developed to repair fractures. Using this new type of intramedullary fixation device, the incision is small, the wound recovery time is short, the surgical operation is simple, the implantation and removal of the implant are simple, the tools used are simple, and the surgical cost is low. The implant and its surgical operation technology are for the minimally invasive repair of tubular bone fractures, which is of great significance for improving the clinical efficacy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an intramedullary fixation device and its tail-end fixation structure to solve the above technical problems.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an intramedullary fixation device and its tail-end fixation structure, including an intramedullary fixation device, a pressing gasket, and a pressing bone nail; the intramedullary fixation device includes but is not limited to an intramedullary nail, an elastic intramedullary nail, a Kirschner wire, etc.; the pressing gasket can fit the shape of the bone surface and the contact part is round and smooth, and part of the nail head of the pressing bone nail sinks into the pressing gasket and the nail head is overall round and smooth, and the smooth and round part contacts tissues such as human muscles and skin to prevent "irritation" from occurring; use surgical tools to implant the intramedullary fixation device according to the shape of the medullary cavity to connect and fix the fracture fragments, and its tail end is bent by a bending tool and fixed to the bone surface in cooperation with the pressing gasket and the pressing bone nail to prevent the intramedullary fixation device from moving out of the medullary cavity and other movements.

[0005] Furthermore, the intramedullary fixation device is divided into three models according to its function and tip shape: an anteversion type intramedullary fixation device, a vertical type intramedullary fixation device, and a retroversion type intramedullary fixation device.

[0006] Furthermore, the anteversion intramedullary fixation device and the retroversion intramedullary fixation device have a tip and a blunt tail; the transverse dimension of the tip of the anteversion intramedullary fixation device and the retroversion intramedullary fixation device is smaller than the transverse dimension of their blunt tails, and both are smaller than the diameter dimension of the intramedullary fixation device body. The three dimensions are smoothly transitionally connected. The purpose is to ensure sufficient holding force between the two after the intramedullary fixation device is implanted into the medullary cavity; the tip of the anteversion intramedullary fixation device inclines forward, and the inclination angle ranges from -80° to 80°. The example in the figure shows an inclination of 30°; the tip of the retroversion intramedullary fixation device inclines backward, and the inclination angle ranges from -80° to 80°. The example in the figure shows an inclination of 30°; the transverse dimension of the vertical tip of the vertical intramedullary fixation device is smaller than the diameter dimension of the intramedullary fixation device body, and the two dimensions change in a stepped manner, and the transverse dimensions are smoothly transitionally connected. The vertical tip has no inclination angle. The purpose is to ensure sufficient holding force between the two after the intramedullary fixation device is implanted into the medullary cavity; the whole intramedullary fixation device is round and has no sharp acute angles.

[0007] Furthermore, the vertical intramedullary fixation device has a vertical tip; all three intramedullary fixation devices have a curved neck, an intramedullary fixation device body, a tail end, and a tip positioning mark; the curved neck is smooth and has a certain angle, and the angle of the curved neck is matched according to the angle of the tubular medullary cavity and its medullary cavity curve; the diameter of the intramedullary fixation device body is matched according to the inner diameter of the tubular medullary cavity; the tip positioning mark is used to determine the direction of the tip of the intramedullary fixation device, which is convenient for adjusting the position and direction of the tip of the intramedullary fixation device and is beneficial for the intramedullary fixation device to turn in the medullary cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the angle of the curved neck of the three intramedullary fixation devices ranges from 135° to 180° according to the different tubular bones used; the diameter of the three intramedullary fixation device bodies ranges from 0.8 mm to 10 mm according to the different tubular bones used; when the diameter is larger, the intramedullary fixation device body is hollow.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: under a minimally invasive incision, stable repair of tubular bone fractures is carried out, the tail end is bent, and a pressing gasket and a pressing bone nail are used for firm fixation. The fixation is reliable, the fixed size of the tail end is small, round, and the operation is convenient. The implantation and removal processes of the implant are simple and convenient, which is beneficial for disassembly. Description of the Drawings

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of three intramedullary fixation devices of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the curved neck angle and body diameter of the intramedullary fixation device of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side view features of three intramedullary fixation devices of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram showing the front view features of three intramedullary fixation devices of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the repair of a clavicle fracture using the intramedullary fixation device of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure, the markings are: A, intramedullary fixation device; B, compression gasket; C, compression bone screw; D, clavicle; A1, tip; A2, blunt tail; A3, curved neck; A4, intramedullary fixation device body; A5, tail end; A6, vertical tip; A7, tip positioning mark; I, anteversion type intramedullary fixation device; II, vertical type intramedullary fixation device; III, retroversion type intramedullary fixation device. Detailed implementation manners

[0016] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "front", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Embodiment

[0020] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, this example provides the repair of a clavicle fracture using an intramedullary fixation device and its tail end fixation method. The intramedullary fixation device includes: intramedullary fixation device A, adjustment compression gasket B, and compression bone screw C; the intramedullary fixation device A includes the features: tip A1, blunt tail A2, curved neck A3, intramedullary bone screw device body A4, tail end A5, vertical tip A6, and tip positioning mark A7; the intramedullary fixation device A is classified into: anteversion type intramedullary fixation device I, vertical type intramedullary fixation device II, and retroversion type intramedullary fixation device III.

[0021] In the example, the doctor obtains the fracture classification and fracture location information based on the patient's CT data, and selects an intramedullary fixation device with an appropriate length, diameter, and characteristic size. The doctor determines the entry position of the intramedullary fixation device, makes a minimally invasive incision and uses an awl to open a hole at the corresponding position of the clavicle; inserts the intramedullary fixation device, adjusts the position and angle of the tip according to the tip positioning mark, and controls the turning of the intramedullary fixation device in the medullary cavity; when the tip of the intramedullary fixation device reaches the cancellous bone part at the other end of the bone mass, stop inserting; bend the tail end, and use a compression bone screw to fix the compression gasket at the entrance position of the clavicle with the intramedullary fixation device, and suture the wound to complete the repair surgery. After the clavicle fracture has healed completely, cut open the old incision, loosen the compression bone screw, remove the compression gasket, and finally remove the intramedullary fixation device; suture the wound.

[0022] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary fixation device and its distal fixation structure, characterized in that: It includes an intramedullary fixation device (A), a pressing gasket (B), and a pressing bone screw (C); the pressing gasket (B) conforms to the shape of the bone surface and the contact part is round and smooth, and part of the head of the pressing bone screw (C) sinks into the pressing gasket and the whole head is round and smooth; the intramedullary fixation device (A) connects and fixes the fracture fragment according to the shape of the medullary cavity, and the tail end (A5) is bent by a bending tool and cooperates with the pressing gasket (B) and the pressing bone screw (C) to be fixed on the bone surface; The intramedullary fixation device (A) is divided into three models according to its function and tip shape: the anteversion intramedullary fixation device (I), the vertical intramedullary fixation device (II), and the retroversion intramedullary fixation device (III); the anteversion intramedullary fixation device (I) and the retroversion intramedullary fixation device (III) have a pointed tip (A1) and a blunt tail (A2); the vertical intramedullary fixation device (II) has a vertical tip (A6); all three intramedullary fixation devices have a curved neck (A3), an intramedullary fixation device body (A4), a tail end (A5), and a tip positioning mark (A7); For the anteversion intramedullary fixation device (I) and the retroversion intramedullary fixation device (III), the transverse dimension of their pointed tip (A1) is smaller than the transverse dimension of their blunt tail (A2), and both are smaller than the diameter dimension of the intramedullary fixation device body (A4), and the three dimensions are smoothly transitionally connected; The pointed tip (A1) of the anteversion intramedullary fixation device (I) inclines forward, and the inclination angle range is from -80° to 80°; the pointed tip (A1) of the retroversion intramedullary fixation device (III) inclines backward, and the inclination angle range is from -80° to 80°; the transverse dimension of the vertical tip (A6) of the vertical intramedullary fixation device (II) is smaller than the diameter dimension of the intramedullary fixation device body (A4), and the two dimensions change in a stepped manner, and the transverse dimensions are smoothly transitionally connected, and the vertical tip (A6) has no inclination angle; the whole intramedullary fixation device (A) is round and has no sharp acute angles.

2. The intramedullary fixation device and its distal fixation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved neck angles of the three intramedullary fixation devices (A) range from 135° to 180° according to the different tubular bones used; the diameters D of the three intramedullary fixation device bodies (A4) range from 0.8 mm to 10 mm according to the different tubular bones used.

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