Assistance data for RAT-dependent positioning

Abstract

A wireless device (12) is configured for radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning in a wireless communication network (10). The wireless device (12) receives assistance data (20) from a network node (18) to assist the wireless device (12) in performing RAT-related positioning (e.g., downlink observed time difference of arrival). The assistance data (20) may be based on device-specific information. The device-specific information may, for example, include a subscription associated with the wireless device (12). The wireless device (12) may perform RAT-related positioning based on the assistance from the assistance data (20).

Description

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 842,477, filed on May 2, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 842,520, filed on May 2, 2019, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates generally to wireless communication networks, and more particularly to Radio Access Technology (RAT)-related positioning in such networks. Background Art

[0004] Positioning has been a topic in Long Term Evolution (LTE) standardization since 3GPP Release 9. The main goal is to meet regulatory requirements for emergency call positioning. Positioning in New Radio (NR) is proposed to be addressed by Figure 1 The architecture shown supports, Figure 1 The NG-RAN Rel-15 Location Services (LCS) protocol is shown. The Location Management Function (LMF) is the location node in NR. The location node and gNodeB also interact via the NRPPa protocol. The interaction between gNodeB and devices is supported via the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol. The gNB and ng-eNB may not always exist at the same time. When both gNB and ng-eNB exist, the NG-C interface exists only for one of them.

[0005] In the traditional LTE standard, the following technologies are supported. In enhanced Cell ID, the cell ID information associates the device with the service area of ​​the serving cell, and the additional information can then be used to determine a more granular location. In Assisted Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), the device obtains GNSS information and is supported by auxiliary information provided to the device from the Evolved Service Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC). In Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), the device estimates the time difference of reference signals from different base stations and sends it to the E-SMLC for multilateration. In the uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA), the device is required to send specific waveforms detected by multiple location measurement units (such as eNBs) at known locations. These measurements are forwarded to the E-SMLC for multilateration. Sensor methods such as biometric pressure sensors provide the vertical position of the device, while inertial motion units (IMUs) provide displacement.

[0006] Positioning modes can be classified into the following three areas. In UE-assisted mode, the UE performs measurements with or without assistance from the network and sends these measurements to the E-SMLC, where the position calculation can be performed. In UE-based mode, the UE performs measurements with assistance from the network and calculates its own position. In standalone mode, the UE performs measurements without network assistance and calculates its own position.

[0007] There are challenges in specifying system level aspects of positioning based on downlink (DL)-only user equipment (UE). To date, RAT-related procedures such as DL OTDOA have not been supported as UE-based procedures. It is only supported for UE-assisted cases. In addition, to date, the provision of periodic reports has been specified in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) (3GPP TS 36.355). However, this requires the UE to be in Radio Resource Control (RRC) connected mode. Summary of the invention

[0008] Certain aspects of the present disclosure and embodiments thereof may provide solutions to these or other challenges.Some embodiments herein include methods for supporting DL RAT-dependent UE-based positioning methods.

[0009] More specifically, embodiments herein include a method for radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning in a wireless communication network performed by a wireless device. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving assistance data from a network node to assist the wireless device in performing RAT-related positioning (e.g., downlink OTDOA). In some embodiments, the assistance data is based on device-specific information. The device-specific information may, for example, include a subscription associated with the wireless device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information for one or more cells. For example, in some embodiments, for each of the one or more cells, the cell-specific information includes one or more of the following: an identification of the cell; a location of the cell; a real-time difference between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells; and a drift rate between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells. In any case, in some embodiments, the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information for which one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas is based on the device-specific information; that is, the auxiliary data is related to which (or which) cells, clusters, or areas based on the device-specific information. In one or more embodiments, for example, the device-specific information also includes the location or path information of the wireless device, and the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas for which the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information include one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in or near the path where the wireless device will or is expected to move according to the location or path information of the wireless device.

[0011] Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, how many cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas the assistance data includes cell-specific information for is based on the device-specific information. In one embodiment, the number of cells for which the assistance data includes cell-specific information increases as the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device increases. In another embodiment, the number of cells for which the assistance data includes cell-specific information increases as at least one of any one or more of: a required positioning service quality for one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; and a storage capacity and / or processing capacity of the wireless device increases.

[0012] Alternatively or additionally, which type or types of cell-specific information the auxiliary data includes is based on the device-specific information. In one embodiment, whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of the one or more cells depends on the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device. For example, whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of the one or more cells also depends on the positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device, wherein the device-specific information also includes the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the device-specific information further comprises at least one of any one or more of: one or more capabilities of the wireless device; one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; one or more reasons why the wireless device requires the assistance data; and location or path information of the wireless device. In one such embodiment, the method further comprises: sending control signaling from the wireless device to the network node indicating at least one of any one or more of: the one or more capabilities of the wireless device; the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; the one or more reasons why the wireless device requires the assistance data; or the location or path information of the wireless device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: receiving validity information from the network node indicating how long the assistance data will be valid; and in response to the assistance data becoming invalid, requesting updated assistance data.

[0015] In some embodiments, the network node is a location server or is configured to perform mobility management.

[0016] In some embodiments, the RAT-related positioning includes downlink observed time difference of arrival.

[0017] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: receiving configuration signaling from the wireless communication network, the configuration signaling configuring the wireless device to use the assistance data to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in idle mode or inactive mode, and performing any of the following: storing the device-based positioning information at the wireless device, at least until the wireless device reports the device-based positioning information in connected mode; or reporting the device-based positioning information in connected mode when a reporting condition is met. In one such embodiment, the configuration signaling indicates one or more events, the occurrence of which will trigger the wireless device to obtain and / or store the device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in idle mode or inactive mode, wherein the one or more events include: the wireless device switching from being served by a cell belonging to one cell cluster to being served by a cell belonging to a different cell cluster; or a fluctuation of a parameter of at least a defined fluctuation threshold.

[0018] In some embodiments, the method may alternatively or additionally comprise: sending control signaling from the wireless device to the network node indicating at least some of the device specific information. The control signaling may, for example, be included in a mobile originated location request message.

[0019] The method may alternatively or additionally comprise sending a request for the assistance data from the wireless device to the network node.

[0020] Regardless, the method may ultimately include performing the RAT-dependent positioning based on assistance from the assistance data.

[0021] Embodiments herein also include a method performed by a network node for assisting radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning, the method comprising: sending assistance data to a wireless device to assist the wireless device in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the assistance data is based on device-specific information including a subscription associated with the wireless device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information for one or more cells. For example, in some embodiments, for each of the one or more cells, the cell-specific information includes one or more of the following: an identification of the cell; a location of the cell; a real-time difference between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells; and a drift rate between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells. In any case, in some embodiments, the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information for which one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas is based on the device-specific information; that is, the auxiliary data is related to which (cells), which (cells) or which (cells) is based on the device-specific information. In one or more embodiments, for example, the device-specific information also includes the location or path information of the wireless device, and the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas for which the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information include one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in or near the path that the wireless device will or is expected to move according to the location or path information of the wireless device.

[0023] Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, how many cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas the assistance data includes cell-specific information for is based on the device-specific information. In one embodiment, the number of cells for which the assistance data includes cell-specific information increases as the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device increases. In another embodiment, the number of cells for which the assistance data includes cell-specific information increases as at least one of any one or more of: a required positioning service quality for one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; and a storage capacity and / or processing capacity of the wireless device increases.

[0024] Alternatively or additionally, the auxiliary data includes which type or types of cell-specific information based on the device-specific information. In one embodiment, whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of the one or more cells depends on the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device. For example, whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of the one or more cells also depends on the positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device, wherein the device-specific information also includes the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device.

[0025] In some embodiments, the device-specific information further comprises at least one of any one or more of: one or more capabilities of the wireless device; one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; one or more reasons why the wireless device requires the assistance data; and location or path information of the wireless device. In one such embodiment, the method further comprises: sending control signaling from the wireless device to the network node indicating at least one of any one or more of: the one or more capabilities of the wireless device; the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; the one or more reasons why the wireless device requires the assistance data; or the location or path information of the wireless device.

[0026] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: determining the auxiliary data based on the device-specific information. For example, in one embodiment, such determination comprises determining at least one of any one or more of the following based on the device-specific information: for which cell or cells, for which cell cluster or clusters, and / or for which cell cluster areas the auxiliary data will include cell-specific information; for how many cells, cell clusters, and / or cell cluster areas the auxiliary data will include cell-specific information; and for each of one or more cells, one or more cell clusters, or one or more cell cluster areas, which type of cell-specific information the auxiliary data will include.

[0027] In some embodiments, the device-specific information also includes at least one of any one or more of the following: one or more capabilities of the wireless device; one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; one or more reasons why the wireless device requires the assistance data; and location or path information of the wireless device.

[0028] In some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving control signaling from the wireless device indicating at least one of any one or more of: the one or more capabilities of the wireless device; the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; the one or more reasons why the wireless device requires the auxiliary data; and the location or path information of the wireless device.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method further comprises sending validity information to the wireless device indicating how long the assistance data will be valid.

[0030] In some embodiments, the network node is a location server or is configured to perform mobility management.

[0031] In some embodiments, the RAT-related positioning includes downlink observed time difference of arrival.

[0032] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: sending configuration signaling to the wireless device, the configuration signaling configuring the wireless device to use the assistance data to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in idle mode or inactive mode, and performing any of the following: storing the device-based positioning information at the wireless device, at least until the wireless device reports the device-based positioning information in connected mode; or reporting the device-based positioning information in connected mode when a reporting condition is met. In one such embodiment, the configuration signaling indicates one or more events, the occurrence of which will trigger the wireless device to obtain and / or store the device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in idle mode or inactive mode, wherein the one or more events include: the wireless device switching from being served by a cell belonging to one cell cluster to being served by a cell belonging to a different cell cluster; or a fluctuation of a parameter of at least a defined fluctuation threshold.

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention also include corresponding apparatus, computer programs, and carriers of these computer programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a wireless device, for example, including a communication circuit and a processing circuit. The wireless device is configured for positioning related to a radio access technology RAT in a wireless communication network. In some embodiments, the wireless device is configured to receive auxiliary data from a network node to assist the wireless device in performing RAT-related positioning (e.g., downlink OTDOA). In some embodiments, the auxiliary data is based on device-specific information. The device-specific information may, for example, include a subscription associated with the wireless device.

[0034] Embodiments herein also include a network node, for example, including a communication circuit and a processing circuit. The network node is configured to assist in radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning. The network node is configured to send assistance data to a wireless device to assist the wireless device in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the assistance data is based on device-specific information including a subscription associated with the wireless device.

[0035] Alternatively or additionally, some embodiments provide methods for supporting RRC inactive and / or idle mode measurement configuration and reporting for positioning. The network in such embodiments advantageously may have the possibility to obtain positioning results performed by a wireless device in an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an architecture supporting positioning in New Radio (NR) according to some embodiments;

[0037] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a wireless communication network according to some embodiments;

[0038] Figure 3 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a wireless device according to some embodiments;

[0039] Figure 4 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a network node according to some embodiments;

[0040] Figure 5 is a block diagram of a wireless communication network according to other embodiments;

[0041] Figure 6 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a wireless device according to other embodiments;

[0042] Figure 7 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a network node according to other embodiments;

[0043] Figure 8 is a block diagram of a wireless device according to some embodiments;

[0044] Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a network node according to some embodiments;

[0045] Fig.10 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a wireless device according to other embodiments;

[0046] Fig.11 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a location server according to some embodiments;

[0047] Fig.12 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a location server according to other embodiments;

[0048] Fig.13 is a call flow diagram for transmitting assistance data for UE-based positioning according to some embodiments;

[0049] Fig.14 is a call flow diagram for transmitting assistance data for UE-based positioning according to other embodiments;

[0050] Fig.15 is a block diagram of a cell cluster according to some embodiments;

[0051] Fig.16 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a wireless device according to other embodiments;

[0052] Fig.17 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a wireless communication network according to other embodiments;

[0053] Fig.18 is a call flow diagram for configuring measurement reporting for UE-based RAT-related positioning according to some embodiments;

[0054] Fig.19 is a call flow diagram of a process for obtaining an offline report for positioning according to some embodiments;

[0055] Fig. 20 is a call flow diagram for using UE-based positioning with minimization of drive tests (MDT) according to some embodiments;

[0056] Fig.21 is a block diagram of a framework supporting a unicast-based assistance data delivery solution for positioning according to some embodiments;

[0057] Fig. 22 is a block diagram of a wireless communication network according to some embodiments;

[0058] Fig.23 is a block diagram of a user equipment according to some embodiments;

[0059] Fig.24 is a block diagram of a virtualization environment according to some embodiments;

[0060] Fig.25 is a block diagram of a communication network having a host computer according to some embodiments;

[0061] Fig.26 is a block diagram of a host computer according to some embodiments;

[0062] Fig. 27 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment;

[0063] Fig.28 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment;

[0064] Fig.29 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment;

[0065] Fig.30 is a flow chart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Figure 2 A wireless communication network 10 is shown according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the network 10 is a 5G network. The network 10 may include a radio access network 10A and a core network 10B. The radio access network 10A is shown as providing radio access to a wireless device 12 (e.g., a user equipment (UE)) via a radio network node 14. The radio access network 10A in turn provides access to the core network 10B, which may connect the wireless device 12 to one or more other networks or systems, such as the Internet.

[0067] Figure 2 A network node 18 is shown, which is shown, for example, in the core network 10B. The network node 18 may be, for example, a location server implementing a location management function (LMF), or may be configured to perform mobility management such as an access and mobility function (AMF). In any case, the network node 18 provides assistance data 20 to the wireless device 12. The assistance data 20 assists the wireless device 12 in performing radio access technology-dependent (RAT-dependent) positioning, i.e., enables the wireless device 12 itself to determine its position using RAT-dependent positioning. RAT-dependent positioning is any type of positioning that depends on the RAT used by the radio access network 10A of the network 10. RAT-dependent positioning may include, for example, downlink observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) or enhanced cell ID (E-CID). RAT-dependent positioning is in contrast to RAT-independent positioning, which is independent of the RAT used by the radio access network 10A. RAT-independent positioning may include, for example, Assisted Global Navigation Satellite System (A-GNSS), Real-Time Kinematics (RTK), Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Differential A-GNSS, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) positioning, Bluetooth sensor positioning, and the like.

[0068] Regardless, in some embodiments, the assistance data 20 is based on device-specific information, such as determined by the network node 18. The device-specific information may be stored at the network node 18, received at the network node 18 from the wireless device 12, generated or derived by the network node 18, or obtained by the network node 18 in any other manner. The device-specific information includes any type of information that is specific to the wireless device 12. For example, the device-specific information may include one or more of: a subscription associated with the wireless device 12; one or more capabilities of the wireless device 12; one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device 12; one or more reasons why the wireless device 12 requires the assistance data 20; or location or path information of the wireless device 12. Regardless, the assistance data 20 being based on the device-specific information means that the assistance data 20 is a function of or otherwise related to the device-specific information.

[0069] For example, consider an embodiment in which the device-specific information includes a subscription associated with the wireless device 12. The subscription associated with the wireless device 12 is a subscription under which the wireless device 12 or a subscriber operating the wireless device is authorized to access the wireless communication network 10. In some embodiments, subscriptions to the wireless communication network 10 may have different possible levels. A relatively high-level subscription (e.g., a gold subscription) may, for example, bring greater benefits than a relatively low-level subscription (e.g., a bronze subscription) at a correspondingly higher monetary cost to the subscriber. In one such embodiment, the assistance data 20 provided to the wireless device 12 may be based on the subscription associated with the wireless device 12 because the assistance data 20 is based on the level of the subscription. For example, the assistance data 20 may provide a relatively high level of positioning assistance to a wireless device associated with a relatively high level (e.g., gold) subscription, while providing a relatively low level of positioning assistance to a wireless device associated with a relatively low level (e.g., bronze) subscription. In one example in which the assistance data 20 provided to the wireless device 12 includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, how many cells the assistance data 20 includes cell-specific information for may be based on the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device 12. The higher the level of subscription, the more cells for which the assistance data 20 will include cell-specific information. The more cells for which the assistance data 20 includes cell-specific information, the higher the level of positioning assistance provided by the assistance data 20, e.g., the higher the positioning quality of service (QoS) obtainable from RAT-related positioning with assistance from the assistance data 20. Alternatively or additionally, which type or types of cell-specific information the assistance data 20 includes may be based on the level of subscription associated with the wireless device 12.

[0070] In these and other embodiments, for example, for each of the one or more cells, the assistance data 20 may include cell-specific information in the form of: an identification of the cell; a location of the cell; a real-time difference between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells; and / or a drift rate between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells. In some embodiments, the cell-specific information may also include other configuration information to enable timing-related measurements, such as downlink arrival time differences. Regardless, the location, real-time difference, and / or drift rate may enable the wireless device 12 to determine its location to a higher level of accuracy the more cells for which the assistance data 20 includes the location, real-time difference, and / or drift rate. According to some embodiments, then, for how many cells the assistance data 20 includes the location, real-time difference, and / or drift rate is based on a subscription associated with the wireless device 12. Alternatively or additionally, which type or types of cell-specific information the assistance data 20 includes (e.g., which of the location, real-time difference, and / or drift rate the assistance data 20 includes) is based on a subscription associated with the wireless device 12. For example, whether real-time difference information for each of one or more cells is included in the assistance data 20 may depend on the level of subscription associated with the wireless device 12. In one case, for example, if the level of subscription is above a threshold level, the assistance data 20 may only include real-time difference information, e.g., real-time difference information is included in assistance data 20 at a gold subscription level but not a bronze subscription level. Then, in these and other embodiments, the assistance data 20 provides more positioning assistance via more cell-specific information and / or more helpful types of cell-specific information for higher subscription levels.

[0071] As another example, consider an embodiment in which the device-specific information includes one or more capabilities of the wireless device 12 and / or one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device 12. In one such embodiment, the assistance data 20 may provide a relatively high level of positioning assistance to wireless devices that require a relatively high positioning QoS and / or have a large memory and / or processing power, and provide a relatively low level of positioning assistance to wireless devices that require a relatively low positioning QoS and / or have a low memory and / or processing power. In one example in which the assistance data 20 provided to the wireless device 12 includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, how many cells the assistance data 20 includes the cell-specific information for may be based on one or more capabilities of the wireless device 12 and / or one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device 12, e.g., the more cells the assistance data 20 includes cell-specific information for, the higher one or more positioning requirements and / or the greater one or more capabilities of the wireless device 12. Alternatively or additionally, which type or types of cell-specific information the assistance data 20 includes may be based on one or more positioning requirements and / or one or more capabilities of the wireless device 12. In these and other embodiments, however, for wireless devices with more demanding positioning requirements and / or higher capabilities, the assistance data 20 provides more positioning assistance via more cell-specific information and / or more helpful types of cell-specific information.

[0072] As yet another example, consider an embodiment in which the device-specific information includes location or path information for the wireless device 12. In one such embodiment, the assistance data 20 may provide assistance that is tailored to the specific location or path information for the wireless device 12. In one example in which the assistance data 20 provided to the wireless device 12 includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, the cell or cells for which the assistance data 20 includes the cell-specific information is based on the location or path information for the wireless device 12. The one or more cells for which the assistance data 20 includes the cell-specific information may, for example, include one or more cells in or near a path that the wireless device 12 will or is expected to move based on the location or path information for the wireless device 12.

[0073] Note that while the above embodiments have been described with respect to one or more cells, these embodiments may equally apply to one or more so-called cell clusters. A cell cluster may refer to any set of multiple cells that provide coverage over various areas that are geographically contiguous to one another. In one embodiment, different cell clusters may be deployed in different types of radio environments (e.g., urban versus rural) and / or may provide different levels of capabilities (e.g., high versus low). Alternatively or additionally, different cell clusters may correspond to different respective radio network areas (RNAs) (also referred to as RAN-based notification areas), wherein such RNAs represent the granularity at which the network 10 knows the location of the wireless device when the wireless device is in a radio resource control (RRC) inactive state. Regardless of the specific nature of the cell clusters, in some embodiments, the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for which or which cell clusters is based on device-specific information. Alternatively or additionally, the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for how many cell clusters is based on device-specific information.

[0074] Similarly, these embodiments may equally apply to one or more so-called cluster areas. A cluster area may refer to any set of multiple cell clusters whose cells provide coverage over respective areas that are geographically contiguous to each other. In this case, as an example, for which cluster area or areas the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information is based on device-specific information. Alternatively or additionally, for how many cluster areas the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information is based on device-specific information.

[0075] In view of the above modifications and variations, Figure 3 In this regard, a method for radio access technology (RAT)-dependent positioning performed by a wireless device 12 according to certain embodiments is described. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving assistance data 20 (block 320) from a network node 18, such as a location server, that assists the wireless device 12 in performing RAT-dependent positioning (e.g., downlink OTDOA). In some embodiments, the assistance data 20 is based on device-specific information. The device-specific information may, for example, include one or more of: a subscription associated with the wireless device 12; one or more capabilities of the wireless device 12; one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device 12; one or more reasons why the wireless device 12 requires the assistance data 20; or location or path information of the wireless device 20.

[0076] In some embodiments, the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for one or more cells. For example, in some embodiments, for each of the one or more cells, the cell-specific information includes one or more of the following: an identification of the cell; a location of the cell; a real-time difference between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells; or a drift rate between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells. In any case, in some embodiments, which cell or cells the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for is based on device-specific information; that is, which cell(s) the auxiliary data 20 is associated with is based on device-specific information. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, how many cells the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for is based on device-specific information. Alternatively or additionally, which type or types of cell-specific information the auxiliary data 20 includes is based on device-specific information.

[0077] In any case, in some embodiments, the method may alternatively or additionally include sending control signaling indicating at least some of the device-specific information from the wireless device 12 to the network node 18 (block 300). The control signaling may, for example, be included in a mobile originated location request message.

[0078] The method may alternatively or additionally include sending a request for assistance data 20 from the wireless device 12 to the network node 18 (block 310).

[0079] Regardless, the method may ultimately include performing RAT-dependent positioning based on assistance from the assistance data 20 (block 330).

[0080] Figure 4 A method for assisting radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning performed by a network node 18 (e.g., a location server) according to other specific embodiments is depicted. In some embodiments, the method includes: sending assistance data 20 from the network node 18 to the wireless device 12 to assist the wireless device in performing RAT-related positioning (e.g., downlink OTDOA) (block 420). In some embodiments, the assistance data 20 is based on device-specific information. The device-specific information may, for example, include one or more of the following: a subscription associated with the wireless device 12; one or more capabilities of the wireless device 12; one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device 12; one or more reasons why the wireless device 12 requires the assistance data 20; or location or path information of the wireless device 12.

[0081] In some embodiments, the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for one or more cells. For example, in some embodiments, for each of the one or more cells, the cell-specific information includes one or more of the following: an identification of the cell; a location of the cell; a real-time difference between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells; or a drift rate between the cell and each of the one or more other cells in the one or more cells. In any case, in some embodiments, which cell or cells the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for is based on device-specific information; that is, which cell(s) the auxiliary data 20 is associated with is based on device-specific information. Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, how many cells the auxiliary data 20 includes cell-specific information for is based on device-specific information. Alternatively or additionally, which type or types of cell-specific information the auxiliary data 20 includes is based on device-specific information.

[0082] In some embodiments, the method may further include: determining the auxiliary data 20 based on the device-specific information (block 410). For example, the determination may include determining one or more of the following based on the device-specific information: (i) for which cell(s), cell cluster(s), and / or cell cluster area(s) the auxiliary data 20 will include cell-specific information; (ii) for how many cells, cell clusters, and / or cell cluster areas the auxiliary data 20 will include cell-specific information; or (iii) for each of one or more cells, one or more cell clusters, or one or more cell cluster areas, which type(s) of cell-specific information the auxiliary data 20 will include.

[0083] The method may alternatively or additionally comprise receiving control signaling indicating at least some of the device specific information from the wireless device 12. The control signaling may, for example, be included in a mobile originated location request message.

[0084] Figure 5 A wireless communication network 10 is shown according to an alternative or additional embodiment. Unless otherwise noted, like numbered components in the network 10 are as described above with respect to Figure 2In some embodiments, the network node 18 provides assistance data 30 to the wireless device 12, which may be the same as or different from the assistance data 20 described above with respect to FIG. 20. The assistance data 30 similarly assists the wireless device 12 in performing device-based (e.g., UE-based) positioning, such as downlink observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA). In this regard, device-based positioning refers to the wireless device 12 determining its own position with the assistance of the network 10. This is in contrast to device-assisted positioning, in which the wireless device sends measurements to the network for the network to determine the position of the device, and in contrast to independent positioning, in which the wireless device will determine its own position without assistance from the network.

[0085] Figure 5 The network node 18 is shown to send configuration signaling 22 to the wireless device 12, alternatively or additionally. In some embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 configures the wireless device 12 to use the assistance data 30 to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device 12 is in an idle mode or an inactive mode (e.g., an RRC idle mode or an RRC inactive mode). In some embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 alternatively or additionally configures the wireless device 12 to store the device-based positioning information at the wireless device 12, at least until the wireless device 12 reports the device-based positioning information in a connected mode (e.g., an RRC connected mode). In other embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 alternatively or additionally configures the wireless device 12 to report the device-based positioning information in the connected mode when a reporting condition is met. Such a reporting condition may include, for example, the expiration of a response time indicated by the configuration signaling 22; the termination of a positioning session; or the need for the wireless communication network 10 to verify the positioning estimate determined by the wireless device 12.

[0086] in this regard, Figure 6 A method for device-based positioning in a wireless communication network 10 performed by a wireless device 12 according to certain embodiments is depicted. The method may include receiving assistance data 30 for device-based positioning from the wireless communication network 10 (block 600). In some embodiments, the method further includes receiving configuration signaling 22 from the wireless communication network 10 (block 610). In one or more embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 configures the wireless device 12 to use the assistance data 30 to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device 12 is in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0087] In some embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 configures the wireless device 12 to store the device-based positioning information at the wireless device 12, at least until the wireless device 12 reports the device-based positioning information in the connected mode. In other embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 alternatively or additionally configures the wireless device 12 to report the device-based positioning information in the connected mode when a reporting condition is met. Such a reporting condition may include, for example, the expiration of a response time indicated by the configuration signaling; the termination of a positioning session; or the need for the wireless communication network 10 to verify the positioning estimate determined by the wireless device 12.

[0088] In any case, the method as shown may also include: based on the configuration signaling 22 and when the wireless device 12 is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, using the assistance data 30 to obtain device-based positioning information (block 620). The method may alternatively or additionally include: based on the configuration signaling 22 and when the wireless device 12 is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, storing the device-based positioning information at the wireless device 12 (block 630). Finally, in some embodiments, the method includes: based on the configuration signaling 22, reporting the device-based positioning information in a connected mode (block 640).

[0089] Figure 7 A method for configuring device-based positioning performed by a network node 18 in a wireless communication network 10 according to other specific embodiments is depicted. The method may include sending assistance data 30 for device-based positioning to a wireless device 12 (block 700). In some embodiments, the method further includes sending configuration signaling 22 from the network node 18 to the wireless device 12 (block 710). In one or more embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 configures the wireless device 12 to use the assistance data 30 to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device 12 is in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0090] In some embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 configures the wireless device 12 to store the device-based positioning information at the wireless device 12, at least until the wireless device 12 reports the device-based positioning information in the connected mode. In other embodiments, the configuration signaling 22 alternatively or additionally configures the wireless device 12 to report the device-based positioning information in the connected mode when a reporting condition is met. Such a reporting condition may include, for example, the expiration of a response time indicated by the configuration signaling; the termination of a positioning session; or the need for the wireless communication network 10 to verify the positioning estimate determined by the wireless device 12.

[0091] In any case, the illustrated method may also include receiving a report of device-based positioning information while the wireless device 12 is in the connected mode in accordance with the configuration signaling 22 (block 720).

[0092] In some embodiments, the method may include verifying the location of the wireless device 12 based on device-based positioning information reported to the network node 18 while the wireless device 12 was in the connected mode (block 730).

[0093] Note that the above-mentioned apparatus can perform the method and any other processing of this article by implementing any functional component, module, unit or circuit. In one embodiment, for example, the apparatus includes a corresponding circuit configured to perform the steps shown in the method diagram. The circuit in this regard may include a circuit dedicated to performing a specific functional process and / or one or more microprocessors in combination with a memory. For example, the circuit may include one or more microprocessors or microcontrollers, as well as other digital hardware, which may include a digital signal processor (DSP), dedicated digital logic, etc. The processing circuit may be configured to execute a program code stored in a memory, which may include one or more types of memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory, a cache memory, a flash memory device, an optical storage device, etc. In multiple embodiments, the program code stored in the memory may include program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and / or data communication protocols and instructions for executing one or more techniques described herein. In an embodiment using a memory, the memory stores program code, which executes the techniques described herein when executed by one or more processors.

[0094] For example, Figure 8 A wireless device 800, such as the wireless device 12, is shown implemented in accordance with one or more embodiments. As shown, the wireless device 800 includes a processing circuit 810 and a communication circuit 820. The communication circuit 820 (e.g., a radio circuit) is configured to send information to one or more other nodes and / or receive information from one or more other nodes, such as via any communication technology. Such communication may occur via one or more antennas internal or external to the wireless device 800. The processing circuit 810 is configured to perform, for example, by executing instructions stored in a memory 830. Figure 3 and / or Fig.16 In this regard, the processing circuit 810 may implement specific functional components, units or modules.

[0095] Fig. 9 A network node 900, such as the network node 18, is shown implemented according to one or more embodiments. As shown, the network node 900 includes a processing circuit 910 and a communication circuit 920. The communication circuit 920 is configured to send information to one or more other nodes and / or receive information from one or more other nodes, such as via any communication technology. The processing circuit 910 is configured to perform, for example, by executing instructions stored in a memory 930, such as in Figure 4and / or Fig.17 In this regard, the processing circuit 910 may implement specific functional components, units or modules.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments herein also include corresponding computer programs.

[0097] A computer program comprising instructions, when these instructions are executed on at least one processor of a device, causes the device to perform any of the above corresponding processes. In this regard, the computer program may include one or more code modules corresponding to the above components or units.

[0098] The embodiment also includes a carrier embodying such a computer program. The carrier may include one of an electric signal, an optical signal, a radio signal or a computer-readable storage medium.

[0099] In this regard, embodiments herein also include a computer program product stored on a non-transitory computer-readable (storage or recording) medium and comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device, cause the device to perform as described above.

[0100] The embodiment also includes a computer program product including program code portions, which are used to perform the steps of any embodiment described herein when the computer program product is executed by a computing device. The computer program product may be stored on a computer readable recording medium.

[0101] Additional embodiments will now be described.For purposes of illustration, at least some of these embodiments may be described as applicable to certain contexts and / or wireless network types, but the embodiments are similarly applicable to other contexts and / or wireless network types not explicitly described.

[0102] Fig.10 Some embodiments are shown from the perspective of a wireless device. As shown, the wireless device provides the network node with the capability of a UE-based RAT-related positioning method (block 1000). The wireless device then requests network assistance data (block 1010). The wireless device then obtains network assistance data based on its subscription (block 1020).

[0103] UE. Fig.11 Some embodiments are shown from the perspective of a location server, such as a location management function (LMF). As shown, the location server classifies geographic areas (cells / clusters / regions) (block 1100). The location server also provides a cluster / region, a subset of regions, or a complete region list based on UE subscription (block 1110).

[0104] Fig.12Other embodiments are shown from the perspective of a location server, such as a location management function (LMF). As shown, the location server obtains UE information (capabilities in terms of processing capacity and / or memory) (block 1200). The location server also obtains the UE route and / or the reason for obtaining assistance data (pedestrians, low mobility, or verifying a GNSS-based solution, etc.) (block 1210). The location server also prepares a cell list accordingly (block 1230).

[0105] In general, then, some embodiments provide a simplified positioning architecture and RAN procedures to meet the needs of the NG-RAN to become (e.g., act as or be embedded in) a location service (LCS) and location management component (LMC).

[0106] Certain embodiments may provide one or more of the following technical advantages.Some embodiments make it easier to maintain subscription tiers and provide a means for operators to collect fees from customers.

[0107] In more detail, for the RAT-dependent DL OTDOA-based positioning method, a location management function (LMF) according to some embodiments may provide the following assistance data so that the UE can calculate its position.

[0108] a) List of cell IDs and their locations (transmission point coordinates);

[0109] b) Real-time difference (RTD) between cells;

[0110] c) Any known drift rate between cells.

[0111] Fig.13 and 14 An option for supporting UE-based positioning method assistance data transmission is shown. Fig.13 As shown, the UE sends a mobile originated (MO) location request (LR) request for assistance data (AD) to the access and mobility function (AMF) (step 1). The AMF then performs authorization and subscription validity (step 2). The AMF next provides subscription information to the location management function (LMF) (step 3). The LMF prepares AD accordingly based on the subscription (step 4) and provides AD to the UE via the LTE positioning protocol (LPP) (step 5).

[0112] like Fig.14 As shown, LMF prepares AD based on subscription (step 1). LMF then provides AD to AMF (step 2). UE thereafter sends MO-LR request for AD to AMF (step 3). AMF performs authorization and subscription validity (step 4), and provides AD to UE in MO-LR service response (step 5).

[0113] In some embodiments, the LMF prepares one or more clusters (cell groups) for each cell. The cell group (cluster) may include directly adjacent cells and cells in the periphery where the UE may be expected to pass. In some embodiments, the LMF prepares clusters based on previously known paths of the UE or based on machine learning techniques for the locations where the UE passes most.

[0114] In some embodiments, LMF can classify clusters into regions. A region includes one or more clusters.

[0115] In some embodiments, the LMF provides one or more areas to the UE based on the UE's subscription and / or current location (location based on cell id, beam id). The LMF can obtain the cell id and / or beam id information from the AMF via the MO-LR message or from the E-CID procedure (if the UE already has an ongoing LPP session).

[0116] In such Fig.14 In one of the illustrated embodiments, one or more processes may be performed by the AMF.

[0117] In one of the embodiments, the core network entity (e.g., LMF or AMF) considers the UE capabilities in terms of memory and processing capabilities before providing assistance data or substantially when determining the number of cells (cell, cluster, multi-cluster, area) to provide.

[0118] In one of the embodiments, the core network entity (e.g., LMF or AMF) considers the required QoS of the location estimation and decides how many cells (cell, cluster, multi-cluster, area) to provide based on the QoS. In addition, for low QoS or low subscription level, the CN can skip the RTD, for example, so as not to include the RTD in the auxiliary data.

[0119] In one of the embodiments, the UE provides its positioning capability via a Mobile Originated Location Request (MO-LR) message. The network uses this capability to determine the scope of the assistance data. For example, depending on the memory capacity of the UE, the network can decide how many clusters / areas to provide to the UE.

[0120] In one embodiment, the LMF provides information about the validity period of the assistance data. After the validity period expires, the UE needs to request the assistance data again to obtain valid assistance data.

[0121] In one of the embodiments, the UE provides a routing path; the input may be simplified so that the input may be a distance and a direction, eg 100 km north.

[0122] In one embodiment, the UE provides a reason for obtaining assistance data (AD). The reason may be specified in the MO-LR message. For example, the reason may be (i) pedestrian navigation; (ii) low mobility vehicle navigation (city, urban area); (iii) high mobility (highway); or (iv) verifying a position obtained from other sources (e.g., GNSS) or a position based on a hybrid solution.

[0123] In one of the embodiments, the location server prepares a cell list for DL ​​OTDOA based on Radio Network Area (RNA).

[0124] Fig.15 Each hexagon is shown to represent a cell. Cells with the same pattern belong to one cluster. Clusters can be configured in groups. For example, cluster 2 and cluster 4 can belong to the same region (region 1), while cluster 1 and cluster 3 can belong to different regions; region 2 and region 3 respectively.

[0125] Consider now other embodiments herein that alternatively or additionally support RRC inactive and / or idle mode measurement configuration and reporting for positioning.

[0126] Fig.16 Some embodiments are shown from the perspective of a wireless device, such as a UE. Fig.16 As shown, the wireless device provides the network node with the capability of positioning measurements and whether it supports UE-based positioning methods (block 1600). The wireless device also receives a configuration and positioning measurement reporting mechanism from the network (block 1610). The wireless device also provides measurement results and position estimates that can be used to verify the position determination in the network and for other post-processing purposes (block 1630).

[0127] Fig.17 Some embodiments are shown from a network perspective. Fig.17 As shown, if the UE is capable of performing UE-based positioning measurements, the network obtains the capability from the UE (block 1700). The network also configures measurement reporting for RRC inactive and idle modes (block 1710). The network also verifies the user location based on the received measurements (block 1730).

[0128] In more detail, Fig.18 FIG. 2 shows a measurement report configuration for a UE-based RAT-related positioning method. Fig.18As shown, the UE sends a MO-LR request for AD to the AMF (step 1). The AMF performs authorization and subscription validity (step 2) and provides the request for AD and subscription information to the LMF (step 3). The LMF prepares the AD based on the subscription (step 4) and provides the AD to the UE via the LPP (step 5). The LMF also provides the measurement report configuration to the UE via the LPP (step 6). The connection is released after inactivity (step 7). The UE then sends a MO-LR measurement report to the AMF (step 8), and the AMF subsequently relays the measurement report to the LMF (step 9).

[0129] Accordingly, in one embodiment, a new message (in Fig.18 The new message is LPP measurement report configuration (shown as LPP measurement report configuration) is signaled to the UE to configure the idle and RRC inactive mode measurement configuration. Figure 5 This message is an example of configuration signaling 22 in . In some embodiments, this message can also be piggybacked in or on top of another DL message from the LMF, for example to provide assistance data.

[0130] In some embodiments, the measurement configuration (e.g., as indicated by configuration signaling 22 such as a new message in this example) includes one or more of the following:

[0131] a) An event when the UE should store measurement results and location information. For example, an event could be when the UE switches from using a cell from cluster 1 to using a cell from cluster 2 (see Fig.15 ). In some cases, when the network has mapped clusters relative to Radio Network Areas (RNAs), the UE logs measurements when switching from one RNA to another.

[0132] b) Criteria for when the UE should perform measurements. For example, based on the UE's perceived geometric reduction of precision (GDOP) and / or reference signal received power (RSRP); if the values ​​of GDOP and / or RSRP fluctuate and the fluctuation exceeds a threshold, the UE should store the measurement results and location.

[0133] c) Response time

[0134] In some embodiments, the measurement report from the UE includes one or more of the following:

[0135] a) Timestamp (Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) System Frame Number (SFN), etc.);

[0136] b) a list of cells in which the UE has performed measurements;

[0137] c) Corresponding measurements at each timestamp, such as time of arrival (TOA), reference signal time difference (RSTD), reference signal received power (RSRP), etc.

[0138] In one embodiment, the UE initiates a connection when the response time expires or after the positioning session has ended or when the UE wants the network to verify the results of its positioning determination, for example using MO-LR. In all these cases, the UE sends a measurement report, such as Fig.18 In an alternative embodiment, the UE sets a flag that it has an offline report and the offline report is to be received by the network using an LPP message. Fig.19 This retrieval is achieved using the new LPP message shown in . In particular, Fig.19 The positioning process of obtaining offline report is shown. As shown in the figure, the UE sends a MO-LR Report Available message to the AMF (step 1). The AMF performs authorization (step 2) and provides a MO-LR message to the LMF (step 3). The LMF sends an LPP Get Report message to the UE (step 5), and the UE responds with an LPP Provide Report message (step 6).

[0139] In one embodiment, the UE may switch the capability from UE-based to UE-assisted or from UE-assisted to UE-based. The UE may use messages such as MO-LR to notify the switching of the capability. The decision to switch may be based on criteria such as UE processing power and memory requirements, and / or QoS (delay / accuracy) requirements.

[0140] In yet another embodiment, the UE stores positioning information (positioning measurements and / or positioning estimates and / or other information related to the location of the device) in variables associated with the logged minimization of drive tests (MDT). In one mode of this embodiment, the serving cell, when in connected mode, indicates as part of the logged MDT configuration that the logged MDT should include location information (positioning information) according to UE-based positioning (including RAT-dependent positioning methods if these methods have been configured via a location server). Fig. 20 The signaling of this embodiment is shown. In particular, Fig. 20 UE-based positioning to be used with MDT is shown.

[0141] like Fig. 20As shown, in step 1, the UE requests assistance data to support UE-based positioning via one of the mechanisms discussed. In step 2, the location server provides assistance data for UE-based positioning to the UE via one of the mechanisms discussed. In step 3, the NG-RAN configures MDT for the UE. For immediate MDT, the UE will use the UE-based positioning results, perform MDT and measurements and go to step 8. For recorded MDT, the UE will wait to be idle or inactive before the MDT configuration is applicable. In step 4, the UE is released to idle or inactive. In step 5, the UE uses the provided assistance data for UE-based positioning. In step 6, the UE performs MDT measurements (note that steps 5 and 6 can be taken in an alternating order, can be repeated, etc.). In step 7, the UE transitions to connected mode. In step 8, the UE reports MDT with UE location information.

[0142] In yet another embodiment, the UE capability indications are combined so that the indicated UE capabilities combine support for UE-based and UE-assisted. In one embodiment, support for UE-assisted is limited to one or more reasons. An example of such a reason is "network management" or "network maintenance" or "positioning verification" etc., i.e., the purpose is associated with network adjustments and service improvements on the network side.

[0143] In one embodiment, the results obtained from the UE are used by the network to further determine the cell list for DL ​​OTDOA UE based procedures. In addition, the obtained RSTD, RSRP values ​​can be used for fingerprinting (mapping RSRP values ​​to positioning vectors / spatial coordinates).

[0144] Now consider some additional details of some embodiments. Use cases where DL OTDOA may be considered beneficial are:

[0145] a) Verify that the UE-based GNSS positioning results are accurate;

[0146] b) Pedestrian or low-mobility navigation in urban canyons;

[0147] c) Hybrid solution combining GNSS results and NR RAT related results (less than 3 satellites available, but dense NR deployment).

[0148] In LTE and NR, A-GNSS based positioning methods have been defined as UE-based and standalone. TS36.305V15.2.0, Stage 2 functional specification for UE and EUTRAN. Vehicle outdoor navigation is one of the important use cases that requires high accuracy positioning. Cars have multiple sensors built in and have very high processing power. They are equipped with a global positioning system (GPS) and are further able to receive real-time kinematic (RTK) assistance data (AD) from the network. For these use cases and such devices (cars), it is important to implement UE-based or standalone positioning methods.

[0149] In addition, RAT-dependent UE-based positioning methods can enhance GNSS-based solutions. Accordingly, outdoor vehicle navigation where the car is the location consumer is a valid use case for UE-based positioning methods. GNSS-based solutions and DL OTDOA UE-based solutions can work together.

[0150] To support UE-based positioning methods, the network needs to provide at least the following information: the coordinates of the cell (antenna / TP); and the real-time difference between cells. These are static information that is different from the changing satellite correction information. The UE-based DLOTDOA positioning method will require the network to send the transmission point (TP) coordinates, which are sensitive information in some areas. Considering the following aspects, DL OTDOA is suitable for unicast rather than broadcast.

[0151] a) Broadcasting always recurs static overhead. Even for on-demand, in order to provide support to one UE, broadcasting needs to be enabled.

[0152] b) Unicast already provides integrity protection and security mechanisms.

[0153] c) If the information is unicast, expensive solutions based on broadcast encryption can be avoided.

[0154] d) The network can authenticate the UE and check the UE’s subscription and provide the required assistance data accordingly. As a result, the network has greater visibility into who has access to sensitive information.

[0155] e) In addition, the DL OTDOA UE-based assistance data is static, and in order to save network energy and resources, a unicast method is more appropriate.

[0156] Accordingly, the assistance data based on DL OTDOA UE is static and suitable for unicast rather than broadcast. In addition, the network has better visibility into who has obtained sensitive information. It is then proposed to support Rel-16 based DL OTDOA UE via a unicast-only mechanism.

[0157] Fig.21A simple framework to support unicast based solutions is depicted. As shown in the figure, a UE using Mobile Originated Location Request (MO-LR) requests DL OTDOA UE based positioning (step 1). The Access and Mobility Function (AMF) authenticates and verifies the subscription (step 2) and accordingly requests the Location Management Function (LMF) to prepare Assistance Data (AD) (step 3). The LMF prepares the AD and provides it to the UE (step 4).

[0158] Now consider the aspects related to providing measurements to the network in UE-based mode positioning. Currently, there are provisions in the LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) (3GPP TS 36.355) to provide periodic reports. However, this requires the UE to be in connected mode. The use cases where UE-based positioning methods are found to be useful are mainly for navigation purposes, where the UE will also use GNSS solutions. The UE can obtain DL OTDOA and some other A-GNSS (such as almanac information) via unicast because they are more suitable for unicast, as mentioned above. These data are valid for a longer period of time. The UE can enter idle mode after obtaining the necessary unicast data, and can obtain precise point positioning (PPP) RTK (PPP-RTK) related information via broadcast. Therefore, in idle mode, it may not have the means to provide periodic reports. In this case, the UE needs to store the measurement results offline and report to the network when the network requests it. It should also be possible that the UE can enter connected mode to ask the network to verify whether the results it obtains are correct. Therefore, for UE-based positioning methods, idle mode logging and UE request to verify the results should be supported.

[0159] Although the subject matter described herein may be implemented in any suitable type of system using any suitable components, the embodiments disclosed herein are directed to wireless networks such as Fig. 22 For simplicity, Fig. 22 The wireless network of only depicts network 2206, network nodes 2260 and 2260b, and WD 2210, 2210b, and 2210c. In practice, the wireless network may further include any additional units suitable for supporting communication between wireless devices or between a wireless device and another communication device (e.g., a landline phone, a service provider, or any other network node or terminal device). In the components shown, network node 2260 and wireless device (WD) 2210 are depicted in additional detail. The wireless network can provide communication and other types of services to one or more wireless devices to facilitate wireless devices to access and / or use services provided by the wireless network or services provided via the wireless network.

[0160] A wireless network may include and / or be connected to any type of communication, telecommunication, data, cellular and / or radio network or other similar type of system. In some embodiments, a wireless network may be configured to operate according to a specific standard or other type of predefined rules or procedures. Thus, specific embodiments of a wireless network may implement communication standards such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), and / or other suitable 2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G standards; wireless local area network (WLAN) standards such as IEEE 802.11 standards; and / or any other suitable wireless communication standards such as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), Bluetooth, Z-wave, and / or ZigBee standards.

[0161] Network 2206 may include one or more backhaul networks, core networks, IP networks, public switched telephone networks (PSTN), packet data networks, optical networks, wide area networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), wired networks, wireless networks, metropolitan area networks, and other networks that enable communications between devices.

[0162] The network node 2260 and WD 2210 include various components described in more detail below. These components work together to provide network node and / or wireless device functions, such as providing wireless connections in a wireless network. In different embodiments, the wireless network may include any number of wired or wireless networks, network nodes, base stations, controllers, wireless devices, relay stations, and / or any other components or systems that may facilitate or participate in the communication of data and / or signals over a wired or wireless connection.

[0163] As used herein, a network node refers to a device that is capable of, configured, arranged and / or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with a wireless device and / or with other network nodes or devices in a wireless network to enable and / or provide wireless access to a wireless device and / or perform other functions (e.g., management) in a wireless network. Examples of network nodes include, but are not limited to, access points (APs) (e.g., radio access points), base stations (BSs) (e.g., radio base stations, node Bs, evolved node Bs (eNBs), and NR node Bs (gNBs)). Base stations can be classified based on the amount of coverage provided by the base stations (or in other words, their transmit power levels), and then they can also be referred to as femto base stations, pico base stations, micro base stations, or macro base stations. A base station can be a relay node or a relay donor node that controls a relay. A network node may also include one or more (or all) parts of a distributed radio base station (e.g., a centralized digital unit and / or a remote radio unit (RRU) (sometimes also referred to as a remote radio head (RRH))). Such a remote radio unit may or may not be integrated with an antenna as an antenna-integrated radio. Parts of a distributed radio base station may also be referred to as nodes in a distributed antenna system (DAS). Other examples of network nodes include MSR devices such as multi-standard radio MSR BS, network controllers such as radio network controllers (RNC) or base station controllers (BSC), base transceiver stations (BTS), transmission points, transmission nodes, multi-cell / multicast coordination entities (MCE), core network nodes (e.g., MSC, MME), O&M nodes, OSS nodes, SON nodes, positioning nodes (e.g., E-SMLC), and / or MDT. As another example, a network node may be a virtual network node as described in more detail below. However, more generally, a network node may represent any suitable device (or group of devices) that is capable of, configured, arranged, and / or operable to enable and / or provide access to a wireless network by a wireless device or to provide a certain service to a wireless device that has accessed a wireless network.

[0164] exist Fig. 22 In the embodiment, the network node 2260 includes a processing circuit 2270, a device readable medium 2280, an interface 2290, an auxiliary device 2284, a power supply 2286, a power supply circuit 2287, and an antenna 2262. Fig. 22The network node 2260 shown in the example wireless network of can represent a device including a combination of the hardware components shown, but other embodiments can include network nodes with different combinations of components. It should be understood that the network node includes any suitable combination of hardware and / or software required to perform the tasks, features, functions, and methods disclosed herein. In addition, although the components of the network node 2260 are depicted as a single box located within a larger box or nested within multiple boxes, in reality, the network node may include multiple different physical components that make up a single shown component (for example, the device readable medium 2280 may include multiple separate hard drives and multiple RAM modules).

[0165] Similarly, the network node 2260 may include multiple physically separated components (e.g., a Node B component and an RNC component, or a BTS component and a BSC component, etc.), each of which may have its own corresponding components. In some cases where the network node 2260 includes multiple separate components (e.g., a BTS and a BSC component), one or more separate components may be shared between multiple network nodes. For example, a single RNC may control multiple Node Bs. In such a scenario, in some cases, each unique Node B and RNC pair may be considered as a single separate network node. In some embodiments, the network node 2260 may be configured to support multiple radio access technologies (RATs). In such an embodiment, some components may be replicated (e.g., separate device-readable media 2280 for different RATs), while some components may be reused (e.g., the same antenna 2262 may be shared by RATs). The network node 2260 may also include multiple groups of various example components for different wireless technologies (e.g., GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, Wi-Fi, or Bluetooth wireless technologies) integrated into the network node 2260. These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chips or chipsets and other components within network node 2260 .

[0166] The processing circuit 2270 is configured to perform any determination, calculation, or similar operation (e.g., a specific acquisition operation) described herein as provided by the network node. These operations performed by the processing circuit 2270 may include: processing the information obtained by the processing circuit 2270, for example, by converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or the converted information with information stored in the network node, and / or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or the converted information; and making a determination as a result of the processing.

[0167] The processing circuit 2270 may include a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software, and / or encoded logic operable to provide network node 2260 functionality alone or in combination with other network node 2260 components (e.g., device readable medium 2280). For example, the processing circuit 2270 may execute instructions stored in the device readable medium 2280 or in a memory within the processing circuit 2270. Such functionality may include providing any of the various wireless features, functions, or benefits discussed herein. In some embodiments, the processing circuit 2270 may include a system on a chip (SOC).

[0168] In some embodiments, the processing circuit 2270 may include one or more of a radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuit 2272 and a baseband processing circuit 2274. In some embodiments, the radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuit 2272 and the baseband processing circuit 2274 may be on separate chips (or chipsets), boards, or units (e.g., a radio unit and a digital unit). In alternative embodiments, some or all of the RF transceiver circuit 2272 and the baseband processing circuit 2274 may be on the same chip or chipset, board, or unit.

[0169] In certain embodiments, some or all of the functions described herein as being provided by a network node, base station, eNB, or other such network device may be performed by processing circuit 2270 executing instructions stored on device-readable medium 2280 or a memory within processing circuit 2270. In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functions may be provided by processing circuit 2270 without the need to execute instructions stored on a separate or separate device-readable medium, such as in a hardwired manner. In any of these embodiments, whether or not instructions stored on a device-readable storage medium are executed, processing circuit 2270 can be configured to perform the described functions. The benefits provided by such functions are not limited to processing circuit 2270 or other components of network node 2260, but are enjoyed by network node 2260 as a whole and / or generally by end users and wireless networks.

[0170] Device readable medium 2280 may include any form of volatile or non-volatile computer readable memory, including but not limited to permanent storage, solid-state memory, remotely mounted memory, magnetic media, optical media, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), mass storage media (e.g., hard disk), removable storage media (e.g., flash drive, compact disk (CD), or digital video disk (DVD)), and / or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device readable and / or computer executable storage device that stores information, data, and / or instructions that can be used by processing circuit 2270. Device readable medium 2280 may store any suitable instructions, data, or information, including computer programs, software, applications (including one or more of logic, rules, code, tables, etc.), and / or other instructions that can be executed by processing circuit 2270 and utilized by network node 2260. Device readable medium 2280 may be used to store any calculations performed by processing circuit 2270 and / or any data received via interface 2290. In some embodiments, processing circuit 2270 and device readable medium 2280 may be considered integrated.

[0171] Interface 2290 is used for wired or wireless communication of signaling and / or data between network node 2260, network 2206 and / or WD 2210. As shown, interface 2290 includes port / terminal 2294 to send and receive data from network 2206, for example, via a wired connection. Interface 2290 also includes a radio front-end circuit 2292 that can be coupled to antenna 2262 or as a part of antenna 2262 in a specific embodiment. Radio front-end circuit 2292 includes filter 2298 and amplifier 2296. Radio front-end circuit 2292 can be connected to antenna 2262 and processing circuit 2270. Radio front-end circuit 2292 can be configured to adjust the signal transmitted between antenna 2262 and processing circuit 2270. Radio front-end circuit 2292 can receive digital data that will be sent to other network nodes or WDs via a wireless connection. The radio front end circuit 2292 may convert the digital data into a radio signal having appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters 2298 and / or amplifiers 2296. The radio signal may then be transmitted via the antenna 2262. Similarly, when receiving data, the antenna 2262 may collect the radio signal, which may then be converted into digital data by the radio front end circuit 2292. The digital data may be passed to the processing circuit 2270. In other embodiments, the interface may include different components and / or different combinations of components.

[0172] In certain alternative embodiments, the network node 2260 may not include a separate radio front end circuit 2292, but rather, the processing circuit 2270 may include the radio front end circuit and may be connected to the antenna 2262 without a separate radio front end circuit 2292. Similarly, in some embodiments, all or part of the RF transceiver circuit 2272 may be considered part of the interface 2290. In other embodiments, the interface 2290 may include one or more ports or terminals 2294, the radio front end circuit 2292, and the RF transceiver circuit 2272 as part of a radio unit (not shown), and the interface 2290 may communicate with a baseband processing circuit 2274 that is part of a digital unit (not shown).

[0173] Antenna 2262 may include one or more antennas or antenna arrays configured to send and / or receive wireless signals. Antenna 2262 may be coupled to radio front-end circuit 2290 and may be any type of antenna capable of wirelessly sending and receiving data and / or signals. In some embodiments, antenna 2262 may include one or more omnidirectional, sector or flat panel antennas operable to send / receive radio signals between, for example, 2GHz and 66GHz. Omnidirectional antennas may be used to send / receive radio signals in any direction, sector antennas may be used to send / receive radio signals from devices within a specific area, and flat panel antennas may be line of sight antennas for sending / receiving radio signals in a relatively straight line. In some cases, the use of more than one antenna may be referred to as MIMO. In a particular embodiment, antenna 2262 may be separated from network node 2260 and may be connected to network node 2260 via an interface or port.

[0174] Antenna 2262, interface 2290 and / or processing circuit 2270 may be configured to perform any receiving operation and / or specific obtaining operation described herein as being performed by a network node. Any information, data and / or signal may be received from a wireless device, another network node and / or any other network device. Similarly, antenna 2262, interface 2290 and / or processing circuit 2270 may be configured to perform any sending operation described herein as being performed by a network node. Any information, data and / or signal may be sent to a wireless device, another network node and / or any other network device.

[0175] The power circuit 2287 may include or be coupled to a power management circuit and is configured to provide power for performing the functions described herein to the components of the network node 2260. The power circuit 2287 may receive power from the power supply 2286. The power supply 2286 and / or the power circuit 2287 may be configured to provide power to the various components of the network node 2260 in a form suitable for the various components (e.g., with the voltage and current level required by each corresponding component). The power supply 2286 may be included in the power circuit 2287 and / or the network node 2260 or outside it. For example, the network node 2260 may be connected to an external power source (e.g., a power outlet) via an input circuit or interface (e.g., a cable), whereby the external power source provides power to the power circuit 2287. As another example, the power supply 2286 may include a power source in the form of a battery or battery pack connected to the power circuit 2287 or integrated therein. If the external power supply fails, the battery can provide backup power. Other types of power supplies, such as photovoltaic devices, may also be used.

[0176] Alternative embodiments of network node 2260 may include Fig. 22 Additional components beyond those shown, which may be responsible for providing specific aspects of the functionality of the network node, including any functionality described herein and / or any functionality necessary to support the subject matter described herein. For example, the network node 2260 may include a user interface device to allow information to be input into the network node 2260 and to allow information to be output from the network node 2260. This may allow a user to perform diagnostics, maintenance, repair, and other management functions for the network node 2260.

[0177] As used herein, wireless device (WD) refers to a device capable of, configured, arranged and / or operable to wirelessly communicate with a network node and / or other wireless devices. Unless otherwise specified, the term WD may be used interchangeably with user equipment (UE) in this article. Wireless communication may involve the use of electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared waves and / or other types of signals suitable for transmitting information through the air to send and / or receive wireless signals. In some embodiments, WD may be configured to send and / or receive information without direct human interaction. For example, WD may be designed to send information to the network in a predetermined schedule when triggered by an internal or external event or in response to a request from the network. Examples of WD include, but are not limited to, smart phones, mobile phones, cellular phones, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, desktop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless cameras, game consoles or devices, music storage devices, playback devices, wearable terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, tablet computers, laptop computers, laptop computer built-in devices (LEEs), laptop computer installation devices (LMEs), smart devices, wireless user premises equipment (CPEs), vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, etc. WD can support device-to-device (D2D) communication, for example, by implementing 3GPP standards for sidelink communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and in this case can be referred to as a D2D communication device. As another specific example, in an Internet of Things (IoT) scenario, WD can represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and / or measurement and sends the results of such monitoring and / or measurement to another WD and / or network node. In this case, WD can be a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, which can be referred to as an MTC device in the 3GPP context. As a specific example, WD can be a UE that implements the 3GPP narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) standard. Specific examples of such machines or devices are sensors, metering devices such as power meters, industrial machinery, or household or personal appliances (e.g., refrigerators, televisions, etc.), personal wearable devices (e.g., watches, fitness trackers, etc.). In other cases, WD can represent a vehicle or other device that can monitor and / or report its operating status or other functions associated with its operation. WD as described above can represent an endpoint of a wireless connection, in which case the device can be referred to as a wireless terminal. Furthermore, the WD as described above may be mobile, in which case it may also be referred to as a mobile device or a mobile terminal.

[0178] As shown, wireless device 2210 includes antenna 2211, interface 2214, processing circuit 2220, device readable medium 2230, user interface device 2232, auxiliary device 2234, power supply 2236 and power supply circuit 2237. WD 2210 can include multiple groups of one or more of the components shown for different wireless technologies supported by WD 2210 (e.g., GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, NB-IoT or Bluetooth wireless technologies, to name a few). These wireless technologies can be integrated into the same or different chips or chipsets as other components in WD 2210.

[0179] Antenna 2211 may include one or more antennas or antenna arrays configured to send and / or receive wireless signals, and is connected to interface 2214. In a specific alternative embodiment, antenna 2211 can be separated from WD 2210 and can be connected to WD 2210 through an interface or port. Antenna 2211, interface 2214 and / or processing circuit 2220 may be configured to perform any receiving or sending operation described herein as being performed by WD. Any information, data and / or signal can be received from a network node and / or another WD. In some embodiments, radio front-end circuit and / or antenna 2211 can be considered as an interface.

[0180] As shown, the interface 2214 includes a radio front-end circuit 2212 and an antenna 2211. The radio front-end circuit 2212 includes one or more filters 2218 and an amplifier 2216. The radio front-end circuit 2214 is connected to the antenna 2211 and the processing circuit 2220 and is configured to adjust the signal transmitted between the antenna 2211 and the processing circuit 2220. The radio front-end circuit 2212 may be coupled to the antenna 2211 or as part of the antenna 2211. In some embodiments, the WD 2210 may not include a separate radio front-end circuit 2212; instead, the processing circuit 2220 may include a radio front-end circuit and may be connected to the antenna 2211. Similarly, in some embodiments, part or all of the RF transceiver circuit 2222 may be considered as part of the interface 2214. The radio front-end circuit 2212 may receive digital data sent to other network nodes or WDs via a wireless connection. The radio front-end circuit 2212 may convert the digital data into a radio signal with appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters 2218 and / or amplifiers 2216. The radio signal may then be transmitted via antenna 2211. Similarly, when receiving data, antenna 2211 may collect the radio signal, which may then be converted into digital data by radio front end circuit 2212. The digital data may be passed to processing circuit 2220. In other embodiments, the interface may include different components and / or different combinations of components.

[0181] The processing circuit 2220 may include a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or a combination of hardware, software, and / or encoded logic operable to provide WD2210 functionality alone or in combination with other WD 2210 components (e.g., device-readable medium 2230). Such functionality may include providing any of the various wireless features or benefits discussed herein. For example, the processing circuit 2220 may execute instructions stored in the device-readable medium 2230 or in a memory within the processing circuit 2220 to provide functionality disclosed herein.

[0182] As shown, the processing circuit 2220 includes one or more of the RF transceiver circuit 2222, the baseband processing circuit 2224, and the application processing circuit 2226. In other embodiments, the processing circuit may include different components and / or different combinations of components. In a specific embodiment, the processing circuit 2220 of the WD 2210 may include a SOC. In some embodiments, the RF transceiver circuit 2222, the baseband processing circuit 2224, and the application processing circuit 2226 may be on a separate chip or chipset. In an alternative embodiment, part or all of the baseband processing circuit 2224 and the application processing circuit 2226 may be combined into one chip or chipset, and the RF transceiver circuit 2222 may be on a separate chip or chipset. In other alternative embodiments, part or all of the RF transceiver circuit 2222 and the baseband processing circuit 2224 may be on the same chip or chipset, and the application processing circuit 2226 may be on a separate chip or chipset. In other alternative embodiments, part or all of the RF transceiver circuit 2222, baseband processing circuit 2224, and application processing circuit 2226 may be combined in the same chip or chipset. In some embodiments, the RF transceiver circuit 2222 may be part of the interface 2214. The RF transceiver circuit 2222 may condition the RF signal for the processing circuit 2220.

[0183] In certain embodiments, some or all of the functions described herein as being performed by the WD may be provided by a processing circuit 2220 executing instructions stored on a device-readable medium 2230 (which may be a computer-readable storage medium in certain embodiments). In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functions may be provided by the processing circuit 2220 without the need to execute instructions stored on a separate or separate device-readable medium, such as in a hardwired manner. In any of these specific embodiments, the processing circuit 2220 can be configured to perform the described functions, regardless of whether instructions stored on a device-readable storage medium are executed. The benefits provided by such functions are not limited to the processing circuit 2220 or other components of the WD 2210, but are enjoyed by the WD 2210 as a whole and / or generally by end users and wireless networks.

[0184] The processing circuit 2220 may be configured to perform any determination, calculation, or similar operation (e.g., a specific acquisition operation) described herein as being performed by the WD. These operations performed by the processing circuit 2220 may include: processing information obtained by the processing circuit 2220, for example, by converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or the converted information with information stored by the WD 2210, and / or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or the converted information; and making a determination as a result of the processing.

[0185] The device-readable medium 2230 is operable to store computer programs, software, applications (including one or more of logic, rules, codes, tables, etc.), and / or other instructions executable by the processing circuit 2220. The device-readable medium 2230 may include a computer memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM), a mass storage medium (e.g., a hard disk), a removable storage medium (e.g., a compact disk (CD) or a digital video disk (DVD)), and / or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device-readable and / or computer-executable storage device that stores information, data, and / or instructions that may be used by the processing circuit 2220. In some embodiments, the processing circuit 2220 and the device-readable medium 2230 may be considered to be integrated.

[0186] The user interface device 2232 can provide a component that allows a human user to interact with the WD 2210. This interaction can have a variety of forms, such as visual, auditory, tactile, etc. The user interface device 2232 can be operable to generate output to the user and allow the user to provide input to the WD 2210. The type of interaction can vary according to the type of user interface device 2232 installed in the WD 2210. For example, if the WD 2210 is a smart phone, the interaction can be via a touch screen; if the WD 2210 is a smart meter, the interaction can be through a screen that provides usage (such as the number of gallons used) or a speaker that provides an audible alarm (such as if smoke is detected). The user interface device 2232 may include input interfaces, devices and circuits and output interfaces, devices and circuits. The user interface device 2232 is configured to allow information to be input to the WD 2210, and is connected to the processing circuit 2220 to allow the processing circuit 2220 to process the input information. The user interface device 2232 may include, for example, a microphone, a proximity sensor or other sensor, a key / button, a touch display, one or more cameras, a USB port or other input circuits. The user interface device 2232 is also configured to allow information to be output from the WD 2210, and to allow the processing circuit 2220 to output information from the WD 2210. The user interface device 2232 may include, for example, a speaker, a display, a vibration circuit, a USB port, a headphone jack, or other output circuits. Using one or more input and output interfaces, devices, and circuits of the user interface device 2232, the WD 2210 can communicate with an end user and / or a wireless network and allow them to benefit from the functionality described herein.

[0187] Auxiliary device 2234 is operable to provide more specific functions that may not normally be performed by a WD. This may include specialized sensors for measuring for various purposes, interfaces for other communication types such as wired communications, etc. The inclusion and type of components of auxiliary device 2234 may vary depending on the embodiment and / or scenario.

[0188] In some embodiments, power supply 2236 can take the form of a battery or battery pack. Other types of power supplies can also be used, such as an external power supply (e.g., a power outlet), a photovoltaic device, or a battery. WD 2210 may also include a power circuit 2237 for delivering power from power supply 2236 to various parts of WD 2210, which require power from power supply 2236 to perform any function described or indicated herein. In a specific embodiment, power circuit 2237 may include a power management circuit. Power circuit 2237 may additionally or alternatively be operable to receive power from an external power source. In this case, WD 2210 may be connected to an external power source (e.g., a power outlet) via an input circuit or interface (e.g., a power cord). In a specific embodiment, power circuit 2237 may also be operable to deliver power from an external power source to power supply 2236. This can be used, for example, to charge power supply 2236. Power circuit 2237 may perform any formatting, conversion, or other modification of power from power supply 2236 to make the power suitable for the corresponding components of WD 2210 to which the power is provided.

[0189] Fig.23 An embodiment of a UE according to various aspects described herein is shown. As used herein, a user equipment or UE may not necessarily have a user in the sense of a human user who owns and / or operates the associated equipment. Rather, a UE may represent a device that is intended to be sold to or operated by a human user but may not be, or may not initially be, associated with a specific human user (e.g., a smart sprinkler controller). Alternatively, a UE may represent a device that is not intended to be sold to or operated by an end user but may be associated with or operated for the benefit of a user (e.g., a smart power meter). UE23200 may be any UE identified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), including a NB-IoT UE, a Machine Type Communication (MTC) UE, and / or an enhanced MTC (eMTC) UE. As Fig.23 As shown, UE 2300 is an example of a WD that is configured to communicate in accordance with one or more communication standards promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 3GPP's GSM, UMTS, LTE, and / or 5G standards. As previously mentioned, the terms WD and UE may be used interchangeably. Therefore, although Fig.23 It is UE, but the components discussed in this article are also applicable to WD and vice versa.

[0190] exist Fig.23In the embodiment, UE 2300 includes a processing circuit 2301, which is operatively coupled to an input / output interface 2305, a radio frequency (RF) interface 2309, a network connection interface 2311, a memory 2315 (including a random access memory (RAM) 2317, a read-only memory (ROM) 2319, and a storage medium 2321, etc.), a communication subsystem 2331, a power supply 2333 and / or any other components or any combination thereof. The storage medium 2321 includes an operating system 2323, an application 2325, and data 2327. In other embodiments, the storage medium 4221 may include other similar types of information. A particular UE may utilize Fig.23 All components shown may be used, or only a subset of these components may be used. The level of integration between components may vary from one UE to another. In addition, a particular UE may contain multiple instances of a component, such as multiple processors, memories, transceivers, transmitters, receivers, etc.

[0191] exist Fig.23 In the embodiment of the present invention, the processing circuit 2301 can be configured to process computer instructions and data. The processing circuit 2301 can be configured to implement any sequential state machine operable to execute machine instructions stored as a machine-readable computer program in a memory, such as one or more hardware-implemented state machines (e.g., in discrete logic, FPGA, ASIC, etc.); programmable logic and appropriate firmware; one or more stored programs, general-purpose processors (e.g., microprocessors or digital signal processors (DSPs)) and appropriate software; or any combination of the above. For example, the processing circuit 2301 can include two central processing units (CPUs). The data can be information in a form suitable for use by a computer.

[0192] In the depicted embodiment, the input / output interface 2305 may be configured to provide a communication interface to an input device, an output device, or an input and output device. The UE 2300 may be configured to use an output device via the input / output interface 2305. The output device may use the same type of interface port as the input device. For example, a USB port may be used to provide input to the UE 2300 or to provide output from the UE 2300. The output device may be a speaker, a sound card, a video card, a display, a monitor, a printer, an actuator, a transmitter, a smart card, another output device, or any combination thereof. The UE 2300 may be configured to use an input device via the input / output interface 2305 to allow a user to capture information into the UE 2300. The input device may include a touch-sensitive display or a presence-sensitive display, a camera (e.g., a digital camera, a digital video camera, a webcam, etc.), a microphone, a sensor, a mouse, a trackball, a steering wheel, a trackpad, a scroll wheel, a smart card, etc. The presence-sensitive display may include a capacitive or resistive touch sensor to sense input from the user. The sensor can be, for example, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a tilt sensor, a force sensor, a magnetometer, an optical sensor, a proximity sensor, another similar sensor, or any combination thereof. For example, the input device can be an accelerometer, a magnetometer, a digital camera, a microphone, and an optical sensor.

[0193] exist Fig.23 In the embodiment of the present invention, the RF interface 2309 can be configured to provide a communication interface to RF components such as transmitters, receivers and antennas. The network connection interface 2311 can be configured to provide a communication interface to the network 2343a. The network 2343a can include a wired and / or wireless network, such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a computer network, a wireless network, a telecommunications network, another similar network or any combination thereof. For example, the network 2343a can include a Wi-Fi network. The network connection interface 2311 can be configured to include a receiver and a transmitter interface, which is used to communicate with one or more other devices through a communication network according to one or more communication protocols (such as Ethernet, TCP / IP, SONET, ATM, or Ethernet, etc.). The network connection interface 2311 can implement receiver and transmitter functions suitable for communication network links (such as optical, electrical, etc.). The transmitter and receiver functions can share circuit components, software or firmware, or can be implemented separately instead.

[0194] RAM 2317 may be configured to be connected to processing circuit 2301 via bus 2302 to provide storage or caching of data or computer instructions during the execution of software programs such as operating systems, applications, and device drivers. ROM 2319 may be configured to provide computer instructions or data to processing circuit 2301. For example, ROM 2319 may be configured to store unchanged low-level system code or data for basic system functions (e.g., basic input and output (I / O), startup, reception of keystrokes stored in non-volatile memory from a keyboard). Storage medium 2321 may be configured to include memories such as RAM, ROM, programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic disk, optical disk, floppy disk, hard disk, removable cassette, or flash drive. In one example, storage medium 2321 may be configured to include operating system 2323, application 2325 such as a web browser application, a widget or gadget engine, or another application, and data file 2327. The storage medium 2321 may store any one of various operating systems or a combination of operating systems for use by the UE 2300 .

[0195] The storage medium 2321 may be configured to include multiple physical drive units, such as a redundant array of independent disks (RAID), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, a USB flash drive, an external hard drive, a thumb drive, a pen drive, a key drive, a high-density digital versatile disc (HD-DVD) optical drive, an internal hard drive, a Blu-ray optical drive, a holographic digital data storage (HDDS) optical drive, an external mini dual in-line memory module (DIMM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), an external micro DIMM SDRAM, a smart card memory (e.g., a user identity module or a removable user identity (SIM / RUIM) module), other memory, or any combination thereof. The storage medium 2321 may allow the UE 2300 to access computer executable instructions, applications, etc. stored on a temporary or non-temporary storage medium to unload data or upload data. An article of manufacture such as utilizing a communication system may be tangibly embodied in the storage medium 2321, which may include a device-readable medium.

[0196] exist Fig.23In the embodiment of the present invention, the processing circuit 2301 may be configured to communicate with the network 2343b using the communication subsystem 2331. The network 2343a and the network 2343b may be the same network or different networks. The communication subsystem 2331 may be configured to include one or more transceivers for communicating with the network 2343b. For example, the communication subsystem 2331 may be configured to include one or more transceivers for communicating with one or more remote transceivers of another device (e.g., another WD, UE or base station of a radio access network (RAN)) capable of wireless communication according to one or more communication protocols (e.g., IEEE 802.23, CDMA, WCDMA, GSM, LTE, UTRAN, WiMax, etc.). Each transceiver may include a transmitter 2333 and / or a receiver 2335 to respectively implement a transmitter or receiver function (e.g., frequency allocation, etc.) suitable for a RAN link. In addition, the transmitter 2333 and the receiver 2335 of each transceiver may share circuit components, software or firmware, or may be implemented separately instead.

[0197] In the illustrated embodiment, the communication functions of the communication subsystem 2331 may include data communication, voice communication, multimedia communication, short-range communication such as Bluetooth, near-field communication, location-based communication (GPS) such as using a global positioning system to determine the location, another similar communication function, or any combination thereof. For example, the communication subsystem 2331 may include cellular communication, Wi-Fi communication, Bluetooth communication, and GPS communication. The network 2343b may include a wired and / or wireless network, such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a computer network, a wireless network, a telecommunications network, another similar network, or any combination thereof. For example, the network 2343b may be a cellular network, a Wi-Fi network, and / or a near-field network. The power supply 2313 may be configured to provide alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) power to the components of the UE 2300.

[0198] The features, benefits and / or functions described herein may be implemented in one of the components of UE 2300, or may be divided among multiple components of UE 2300. In addition, the features, benefits and / or functions described herein may be implemented in any combination of hardware, software or firmware. In one example, the communication subsystem 2331 may be configured to include any component described herein. In addition, the processing circuit 2301 may be configured to communicate with any such component on the bus 2302. In another example, any such component may be represented by a program instruction stored in a memory, which performs the corresponding function described herein when executed by the processing circuit 2301. In another example, the function of any such component may be divided between the processing circuit 2301 and the communication subsystem 2331. In another example, the non-computationally intensive functions of any such component may be implemented with software or firmware, while the computationally intensive functions may be implemented with hardware.

[0199] Fig.24 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualized environment 2400 in which functions implemented by some embodiments may be virtualized. In the present context, virtualization means creating a virtual version of an apparatus or device, which may include a virtualized hardware platform, storage devices, and networking resources. As used herein, virtualization may be applied to a node (e.g., a virtualized base station or a virtualized radio access node) or a device (e.g., a UE, a wireless device, or any other type of communication device) or a component thereof, and relates to an implementation in which at least a portion of the functions are implemented as one or more virtual components (e.g., via one or more applications, components, functions, virtual machines, or containers executed on one or more physical processing nodes in one or more networks).

[0200] In some embodiments, some or all of the functionality described herein may be implemented as virtual components performed by one or more virtual machines implemented in one or more virtual environments 2400 hosted by one or more hardware nodes 2430. Furthermore, in embodiments where the virtual nodes are not radio access nodes or do not require radio connectivity (e.g., core network nodes), the network nodes may be fully virtualized.

[0201] These functions may be implemented by one or more applications 2420 (which may alternatively be referred to as software instances, virtual appliances, network functions, virtual nodes, virtual network functions, etc.) operable to implement certain features, functions, and / or benefits of some embodiments disclosed herein. The applications 2420 run in a virtualized environment 2400, which provides hardware 2430 including processing circuitry 2460 and memory 2490. The memory 2490 contains instructions 2495 executable by the processing circuitry 2460, whereby the applications 2420 are operable to provide one or more features, benefits, and / or functions disclosed herein.

[0202] The virtualized environment 2400 includes a general-purpose or special-purpose network hardware device 2430, which includes a set of one or more processors or processing circuits 2460, which can be commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or any other type of processing circuit including digital or analog hardware components or special-purpose processors. Each hardware device may include a memory 2490-1, which may be a non-persistent memory for temporarily storing instructions 2495 or software executed by the processing circuit 2460. Each hardware device may include one or more network interface controllers (NICs) 2470 (also known as network interface cards), which include a physical network interface 2480. Each hardware device may also include a non-transitory persistent machine-readable storage medium 2490-2 in which software 2495 and / or instructions executable by the processing circuit 2460 are stored. The software 2495 may include any type of software including software for instantiating one or more virtualization layers 2450 (also referred to as hypervisors), software for executing virtual machines 2440, and software that enables them to perform the functions, features and / or benefits associated with some of the embodiments described herein.

[0203] The virtual machine 2440 includes virtual processing, virtual memory, virtual network or interface, and virtual storage, and can be run by a corresponding virtualization layer 2450 or a system hypervisor. Different embodiments of instances of the virtual device 2420 can be implemented on one or more virtual machines 2440 and can be implemented in different ways.

[0204] During operation, processing circuit 2460 executes software 2495 to instantiate a hypervisor or virtualization layer 2450, which may sometimes be referred to as a virtual machine monitor (VMM). Virtualization layer 2450 may present to virtual machine 2440 a virtual operating platform that appears to be networked hardware.

[0205] like Fig.24As shown, hardware 2430 can be an independent network node with common or specific components. Hardware 2430 can include antenna 24225, and some functions can be implemented via virtualization. Alternatively, hardware 2430 can be part of a larger hardware cluster (e.g., such as in a data center or customer premises equipment (CPE)), where many hardware nodes work together and are managed by management and orchestration (MANO) 24100, which, among other items, oversees the life cycle management of application 2420.

[0206] In some contexts, virtualization of hardware is referred to as network function virtualization (NFV). NFV can be used to consolidate many network equipment types onto industry-standard high-volume server hardware, physical switches, and physical storage devices that can be located in data centers and customer premises equipment.

[0207] In the context of NFV, a virtual machine 2440 may be a software implementation of a physical machine that runs a program as if the program were executed on a physical, non-virtual machine. Each virtual machine 2440 and the portion of the hardware 2430 that executes the virtual machine (hardware dedicated to the virtual machine and / or hardware shared by the virtual machine with other virtual machines 2440) form a separate virtual network element (VNE).

[0208] Still in the context of NFV, a virtual network function (VNF) is responsible for handling specific network functions running in one or more virtual machines 2440 on top of the hardware networking infrastructure 2430 and corresponds to Fig.24 Application 2420.

[0209] In some embodiments, one or more radio units 24200, each including one or more transmitters 24220 and one or more receivers 24210, may be coupled to one or more antennas 24225. The radio unit 24200 may communicate directly with the hardware node 2430 via one or more appropriate network interfaces, and may be used in combination with virtual components to provide a virtual node with radio capabilities, such as a radio access node or base station.

[0210] In some embodiments, some signaling may be implemented using a control system 24230 , which may alternatively be used for communications between the hardware node 2430 and the radio unit 24200 .

[0211] Fig.25 A telecommunications network connected to a host computer via an intermediate network according to some embodiments is shown. Fig.25According to an embodiment, the communication system includes a telecommunication network 2510 such as a 3GPP type cellular network, which includes an access network 2511 such as a radio access network and a core network 2514. The access network 2511 includes a plurality of base stations 2512a, 2512b, 2512c (e.g., NB, eNB, gNB) or other types of wireless access points, each defining a corresponding coverage area 2513a, 2513b, 2513c. Each base station 2512a, 2512b, 2512c may be connected to the core network 2514 via a wired or wireless connection 2515. A first UE 2591 located in the coverage area 2513c is configured to be wirelessly connected to or paged by the corresponding base station 2512c. A second UE 2592 in the coverage area 2513a may be wirelessly connected to the corresponding base station 2512a. Although multiple UEs 2591, 2592 are shown in this example, the disclosed embodiments are equally applicable to situations where only a UE is in the coverage area or a only UE is connected to the corresponding base station 2512.

[0212] The telecommunications network 2510 itself is connected to a host computer 2530, which may be embodied in the hardware and / or software of a stand-alone server, a cloud-implemented server, a distributed server, or as processing resources in a server farm. The host computer 2530 may be under the ownership or control of a service provider, or may be operated by or on behalf of the service provider. The connections 2521 and 2522 between the telecommunications network 2510 and the host computer 2530 may extend directly from the core network 2514 to the host computer 2530, or may be via an optional intermediate network 2520. The intermediate network 2520 may be one of a public, private, or managed network, or a combination of more than one thereof; the intermediate network 2520 (if any) may be a backbone network or the Internet; in particular, the intermediate network 2520 may include two or more sub-networks (not shown).

[0213] Overall, Fig.25The communication system implements connectivity between the connected UE 2591, 2592 and the host computer 2530. The connectivity can be described as an over-the-top (OTT) connection 2550. The host computer 2530 and the connected UE 2591, 2592 are configured to use the access network 2511, the core network 2514, any intermediate network 2520 and possible other infrastructure (not shown) as intermediaries to transmit data and / or signaling via the OTT connection 2550. The OTT connection 2550 can be transparent because the participating communication devices through which the OTT connection 2550 passes do not know the routes of uplink and downlink communications. For example, the base station 2512 may not be notified or need not be notified of the past routes of incoming downlink communications with data originating from the host computer 2530 to be forwarded (e.g., handed over) to the connected UE 2591. Similarly, the base station 2512 does not need to know the future routes of outgoing uplink communications from the UE 2591 to the host computer 2530.

[0214] Now refer to Fig.26 Detailed description of the drawings is given below. Detailed description of the drawings is given below. Fig.26 An example host computer is shown that communicates with a user device via a base station through a partial wireless connection according to some embodiments. In the communication system 2600, the host computer 2610 includes hardware 2615, which includes a communication interface 2616 configured to establish and maintain a wired or wireless connection with different communication devices of the communication system 2600. The host computer 2610 also includes a processing circuit 2618, which may have storage and / or processing capabilities. In particular, the processing circuit 2618 may include one or more programmable processors, application specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays, or a combination of these items (not shown) suitable for executing instructions. The host computer 2610 also includes software 2611, which is stored in the host computer 2610 or can be accessed by the host computer 2610 and can be executed by the processing circuit 2618. Software 2611 includes a host application 2612. The host application 2612 is operable to provide services to a remote user, such as a UE 2630 connected via an OTT connection 2650 terminating at the UE 2630 and the host computer 2610. In providing services to the remote user, the host application 2612 may provide user data sent using the OTT connection 2650.

[0215] The communication system 2600 also includes a base station 2620 provided in the telecommunication system, and the base station 2620 includes hardware 2625 that enables it to communicate with the host computer 2610 and the UE 2630. The hardware 2625 may include a communication interface 2626 for establishing and maintaining a wired or wireless connection with different communication devices of the communication system 2600, and a communication interface 2626 for establishing and maintaining a connection with a network located in a coverage area ( Fig.26 26). The communication interface 2626 may be configured to facilitate a connection 2660 with the host computer 2610. The connection 2660 may be direct, or the connection 2560 may be through a core network (eg, a wireless network) of the telecommunications system. Fig.26 26) and / or through one or more intermediate networks external to the telecommunications system. In the illustrated embodiment, the hardware 2625 of the base station 2620 also includes processing circuitry 2628, which may include one or more programmable processors, application specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays, or a combination of these items (not shown) suitable for executing instructions. The base station 2620 also has software 2621 stored internally or accessible via an external connection.

[0216] The communication system 2600 also includes the UE 2630 already mentioned. The hardware 2635 of the UE 2630 may include a radio interface 2637, which is configured to establish and maintain a wireless connection 2670 with a base station serving the coverage area where the UE 2630 is currently located. The hardware 2635 of the UE 2630 also includes a processing circuit 2638, which may include one or more programmable processors, application specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays, or a combination of these items (not shown) suitable for executing instructions. The UE 2630 also includes software 2631 stored in the UE 2630 or accessible by the UE 2630 and executable by the processing circuit 2638. The software 2631 includes a client application 2632. The client application 2632 is operable to provide services to human or non-human users via the UE 2630 with the support of the host computer 2610. In the host computer 2610, the executing host application 1012 can communicate with the executing client application 2632 via the OTT connection 2650 terminated at the UE 2630 and the host computer 2610. In providing services to users, the client application 2632 can receive request data from the host application 1012 and provide user data in response to the request data. The OTT connection 2650 can transmit both the request data and the user data. The client application 2632 can interact with the user to generate the user data it provides.

[0217] Notice, Fig.26The host computer 2610, base station 2620 and UE 2630 shown can be respectively Fig.25 The host computer 2530, one of the base stations 2512a, 2512b, 2512c and one of the UEs 2591, 2592 may be similar or identical. That is, the internal working principles of these entities may be as follows: Fig.26 As shown, and independently, the surrounding network topology can be Fig.25 The surrounding network topology.

[0218] exist Fig.26 , an OTT connection 2650 has been abstractly drawn to illustrate communications between a host computer 2610 and a UE 2630 via a base station 2620, without explicit reference to any intermediate devices and the precise routing of messages via those devices. The network infrastructure may determine the routing, which may be configured to hide the routing from the UE 2630 or from the service provider operating the host computer 2610, or both. When the OTT connection 2650 is active, the network infrastructure may further make decisions according to which the network infrastructure dynamically changes the routing (e.g., based on load balancing considerations or reconfiguration of the network).

[0219] The wireless connection 2670 between the UE 2630 and the base station 2620 is in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. One or more of the various embodiments may improve the performance of OTT services provided to the UE 2630 using the OTT connection 2650 (where the wireless connection 2670 forms the last segment).

[0220] A measurement process may be provided for the purpose of monitoring data rates, delays, and other factors on which one or more embodiments are improved. In response to changes in the measurement results, there may also be an optional network function for reconfiguring the OTT connection 2650 between the host computer 2610 and the UE 2630. The measurement process and / or network function for reconfiguring the OTT connection 2650 may be implemented in the software 2611 and hardware 2615 of the host computer 2610 or in the software 2631 and hardware 2635 of the UE 2630, or in both. In an embodiment, a sensor (not shown) may be deployed in a communication device through which the OTT connection 2650 passes or associated with such a communication device; the sensor may participate in the measurement process by providing the value of the monitored quantity of the above example or providing the value of other physical quantities from which the software 2611, 2631 can calculate or estimate the monitored quantity. The reconfiguration of the OTT connection 2650 may include message formats, retransmission settings, preferred routes, etc. The reconfiguration does not need to affect the base station 2620, and it may be unknown or imperceptible to the base station 2620. Such processes and functions may be known and practiced in the art. In certain embodiments, the measurements may involve proprietary UE signaling that facilitates the host computer 2610 to measure throughput, propagation time, latency, etc. The measurements may be achieved because the software 2611 and 2631 causes the OTT connection 2650 to be used to send messages, particularly empty or "dummy" messages, during its monitoring of propagation time, errors, etc.

[0221] Fig. 27 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to an embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which can be reference Fig.25 and Fig.26 In order to simplify the present disclosure, only the host computer, base station and UE described in this section are included. Fig. 27 Reference is made to the accompanying drawings of . In step 2710, the host computer provides user data. In sub-step 2711 of step 2710 (which may be optional), the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application. In step 2720, the host computer initiates a transmission to the UE carrying the user data. In step 2730 (which may be optional), in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout the present disclosure, the base station sends the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the host computer to the UE. In step 2740 (which may also be optional), the UE executes a client application associated with the host application executed by the host computer.

[0222] Fig.28 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to an embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which can be reference Fig.25 and Fig.26 In order to simplify the present disclosure, this section only includes the host computer, base station and UE described in the present disclosure. Fig.28 . In step 2810 of the method, the host computer provides user data. In an optional sub-step (not shown), the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application. In step 2820, the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user data to the UE. According to the teachings of the embodiments described throughout the present disclosure, the transmission may be through a base station. In step 2830 (which may be optional), the UE receives the user data carried in the transmission.

[0223] Fig.29 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to an embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which can be reference Fig.25 and Fig.26 In order to simplify the present disclosure, this section only includes the host computer, base station and UE described in the present disclosure. Fig.29 . In step 2910 (which may be optional), the UE receives input data provided by the host computer. Additionally or alternatively, in step 2920, the UE provides user data. In sub-step 2921 (which may be optional) of step 2920, the UE provides user data by executing a client application. In sub-step 2911 (which may be optional) of step 2910, the UE executes a client application, which provides user data in response to the received input data provided by the host computer. When providing user data, the executed client application may further consider user input received from the user. Regardless of the specific manner of providing user data, the UE initiates transmission of user data to the host computer in sub-step 2930 (which may be optional). In step 2940 of the method, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout the present disclosure, the host computer receives user data sent from the UE.

[0224] Fig.30 is a flow chart showing a method implemented in a communication system according to an embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE, which can be reference Fig.25 and Fig.26 In order to simplify the present disclosure, this section only includes the host computer, base station and UE described in the present disclosure. Fig.30 In step 3010 (which may be optional), in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, the base station receives user data from the UE. In step 3020 (which may be optional), the base station initiates transmission of the received user data to the host computer. In step 3030 (which may be optional), the host computer receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the base station.

[0225] Any appropriate steps, methods, features, functions or benefits disclosed herein may be performed by one or more functional units or modules of one or more virtual devices. Each virtual device may include a plurality of these functional units. These functional units may be implemented via a processing circuit, which may include one or more microprocessors or microcontrollers and other digital hardware that may include a digital signal processor (DSP), dedicated digital logic, etc. The processing circuit may be configured to execute program codes stored in a memory, which may include one or more types of memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a cache memory, a flash memory device, an optical storage device, etc. The program code stored in the memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and / or data communication protocols and instructions for executing one or more technologies described herein. In some implementations, the processing circuit may be used to cause the corresponding functional unit to perform the corresponding functions according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0226] Generally, unless different meanings are clearly given and / or different meanings are implied in the context of using the term, all terms used in this article will be interpreted according to their common meanings in the relevant technical field. Unless clearly stated, all references to one / an / the element, device, assembly, part, step, etc. should be publicly interpreted as referring to at least one instance of the element, device, assembly, part, step, etc. Unless a step is explicitly described as being after or before another step and / or a step must be after or before another step implicitly, the steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed. Where appropriate, any feature of any embodiment disclosed herein may be applied to any other embodiment. Similarly, any advantage of any embodiment may be applicable to any other embodiment, and vice versa. By the following description, other purposes, features and advantages of the attached embodiments will be apparent.

[0227] The term "unit" may have a conventional meaning in the field of electronic devices, electrical equipment and / or electronic equipment, and may include, for example, electrical and / or electronic circuits, devices, modules, processors, memories, logical solid-state and / or discrete devices, computer programs or instructions for performing corresponding tasks, processes, calculations, output and / or display functions, etc. as described herein.

[0228] Some embodiments contemplated herein are more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, other embodiments are included within the scope of the subject matter disclosed herein. The disclosed subject matter should not be construed as being limited to only the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided merely as examples to convey the scope of the subject matter to those skilled in the art.

[0229] Example embodiments of the techniques and apparatus described herein include, but are not limited to, the following examples:

[0230] Group A Embodiment

[0231] A1. A method for radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning performed by a wireless device, the method comprising:

[0232] Receiving assistance data from a network node to assist a wireless device in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the assistance data is based on device-specific information, and the device-specific information includes one or more of the following:

[0233] a subscription associated with the wireless device;

[0234] one or more capabilities of the wireless device;

[0235] one or more location requirements for a wireless device;

[0236] One or more reasons why the wireless device requires assistance data; or

[0237] The location or path information of the wireless device.

[0238] A2. The method of embodiment A1, wherein the assistance data includes cell-specific information for one or more cells.

[0239] A3. The method of embodiment A2, wherein, for each of the one or more cells, the cell-specific information includes one or more of the following:

[0240] The identity of the community;

[0241] the location of the cell;

[0242] a real-time difference between the cell and each of one or more other cells in the one or more cells; or

[0243] A drift rate between the cell and each of one or more other cells in the one or more cells.

[0244] A4. A method according to any of embodiments A2-A3, wherein which cell or cells the assistance data includes cell-specific information for is based on device-specific information.

[0245] A5. A method according to any one of embodiments A2-A4, wherein the one or more cells for which the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information include one or more cells in or near a path where the wireless device will or is expected to move based on the location or path information of the wireless device.

[0246] A6. The method according to embodiment A5 also includes: reporting the path that the wireless device will or is expected to move.

[0247] A7. The method of any one of embodiments A4-A6, wherein:

[0248] For which cell cluster or clusters the assistance data comprises cell specific information is based on device specific information; and / or

[0249] For which cell cluster area or areas the assistance data comprises cell specific information is based on the device specific information.

[0250] A8. The method of any one of embodiments A2-A7, wherein how many cells the assistance data includes cell-specific information for is based on device-specific information.

[0251] A9. The method of any one of embodiments A2-A8, wherein the number of cells for which the assistance data includes cell-specific information increases as one or more of the following increases:

[0252] a level of subscription associated with the wireless device;

[0253] the quality of positioning service required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; or

[0254] The memory capacity and / or processing power of the wireless device.

[0255] A10. The method of any one of embodiments A8-A9, wherein:

[0256] How many cell clusters the assistance data includes cell-specific information for is based on the device-specific information;

[0257] how many cells are included in the one or more cell clusters for which the assistance data includes cell specific information is based on the device specific information;

[0258] How many cell cluster areas the assistance data includes cell specific information for is based on the device specific information; and / or

[0259] How many cell clusters are included in the one or more regions for which the assistance data includes cell specific information is based on the device specific information.

[0260] A11. A method according to any one of embodiments A2-A10, wherein the assistance data includes which type or types of cell-specific information is based on device-specific information.

[0261] A12. A method according to any one of embodiments A2-A11, wherein whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of one or more cells depends on the level of subscription associated with the wireless device and / or on the positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device.

[0262] A13. A method according to any one of embodiments A2-A12, wherein the one or more cells for which the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information include one or more cells belonging to one or more cell clusters and / or one or more cell cluster areas.

[0263] A14. The method of embodiment A13, wherein one or more cell clusters correspond to or are mapped to one or more radio network areas.

[0264] A15. The method of any one of embodiments A1-A14, further comprising: sending a request for assistance data from the wireless device to the network node.

[0265] A16. The method of any one of embodiments A1-A15, wherein the one or more reasons why the wireless device requires assistance data include:

[0266] Pedestrian navigation;

[0267] Low mobility vehicle navigation;

[0268] High-speed mobility; and / or

[0269] Verify the position obtained from the RAT-independent positioning.

[0270] A17. The method of any one of embodiments A1-A16 further comprises sending control signaling indicating at least some of the device-specific information from the wireless device to the network node.

[0271] A18. A method according to embodiment A17, wherein the control signaling includes or is included in a mobile-initiated location request message.

[0272] A19. The method of any one of embodiments A17-A18, wherein at least some of the device-specific information indicated by the control signaling includes at least one or more of the following:

[0273] one or more capabilities of the wireless device;

[0274] one or more location requirements for a wireless device;

[0275] One or more reasons why the wireless device requires assistance data; or

[0276] The location or path information of the wireless device.

[0277] A20. The method according to any one of embodiments A1-A19 further includes: receiving validity information indicating how long the auxiliary data will be valid from the network node, and wherein the method further includes: requesting updated auxiliary data in response to the auxiliary data becoming invalid.

[0278] A21. A method according to any one of embodiments A1-A20, wherein the network node is a location server.

[0279] A22. A method according to any one of embodiments A1-A21, wherein the network node implements a location management function (LMF).

[0280] A23. A method according to any one of embodiments A1-A20, wherein the network node is configured to perform mobility management.

[0281] A24. A method according to any one of embodiments A1-A20 and A23, wherein the network node implements an access and mobility function (AMF).

[0282] A25. A method according to any one of embodiments A1-A24, wherein the RAT-related positioning includes downlink observed arrival time difference.

[0283] A26. The method according to any one of embodiments A1-A25 also includes: performing RAT-related positioning based on assistance from assistance data.

[0284] A27. A method for radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning performed by a wireless device, the method comprising:

[0285] Sending control signaling indicating device-specific information from a wireless device to a network node, wherein the device-specific information includes one or more of the following:

[0286] a subscription associated with the wireless device;

[0287] one or more capabilities of the wireless device;

[0288] one or more location requirements for a wireless device;

[0289] one or more reasons why the wireless device requires the assistance data; or

[0290] The location or path information of the wireless device.

[0291] AA1. A method for device-based positioning in a wireless communication network performed by a wireless device, the method comprising:

[0292] receiving assistance data for device-based positioning from a wireless communication network; and

[0293] Configuration signaling is received from a wireless communication network, the configuration signaling configuring the wireless device to use assistance data to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, and to store the device-based positioning information at the wireless device at least until the wireless device reports the device-based positioning information in a connected mode.

[0294] AA2. A method for device-based positioning in a wireless communication network performed by a wireless device, the method comprising:

[0295] receiving assistance data for device-based positioning from a wireless communication network; and

[0296] Receive configuration signaling from a wireless communication network, the configuration signaling configuring the wireless device to:

[0297] using the assistance data to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode; and

[0298] Report device-based positioning information in connected mode when reporting conditions are met.

[0299] AA3. A method according to any one of embodiments AA1-AA2, wherein the idle mode is a radio resource control RRC idle mode, and wherein the inactive mode is an RRC inactive mode.

[0300] AA4. The method according to any one of embodiments AA1-AA3 also includes: based on configuration signaling and when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, using auxiliary data to obtain device-based positioning information.

[0301] AA5. The method according to any one of embodiments AA1-AA4 also includes: based on configuration signaling and when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, storing device-based positioning information at the wireless device.

[0302] AA6. The method according to any one of embodiments AA1-AA5 further includes: reporting device-based positioning information in connection mode based on configuration signaling.

[0303] AA7. The method of any one of embodiments AA1-AA6, wherein the device-based positioning information includes one or more of the following:

[0304] Positioning measurements performed by wireless devices;

[0305] An estimate of a location of a wireless device determined by the wireless device.

[0306] AA8. A method according to any one of embodiments AA1-AA7, wherein the configuration signaling and / or assistance data is received from a location server in the wireless communication network.

[0307] AA9. A method according to any one of embodiments AA1-AA8, wherein the configuration signaling indicates one or more events, the occurrence of which will trigger the wireless device to store device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0308] AA10. The method of embodiment AA9, wherein the one or more events include: the wireless device switching from being served by a cell belonging to one cell cluster to being served by a cell belonging to a different cell cluster.

[0309] AA11. The method of embodiment AA9, wherein the one or more events include: the wireless device switching from being served by a cell belonging to one radio network area RNA to being served by a cell belonging to a different RNA.

[0310] AA12. A method according to any one of embodiments AA1-AA11, wherein the configuration signaling indicates one or more events, and the occurrence of the one or more events will trigger the wireless device to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0311] AA13. The method of embodiment AA12, wherein the occurrence of one or more events triggers the wireless device to perform positioning measurements.

[0312] AA14. A method according to any one of embodiments AA12-AA13, wherein one or more events include: fluctuations in parameters of at least a defined fluctuation threshold.

[0313] AA15. A method according to embodiment AA14, wherein the parameters include geometric precision reduction or reference signal received power.

[0314] AA16. The method of any one of embodiments AA1-AA15, wherein the configuration signaling indicates a response time, and expiration of the response time triggers the wireless device to report device-based positioning information.

[0315] AA17. The method of embodiment AA6, wherein reporting device-based location information includes sending a report including one or more of:

[0316] A timestamp associated with the positioning measurement;

[0317] a list of one or more cells in which the wireless device performs positioning measurements; or

[0318] One or more positioning measurements associated with corresponding timestamps.

[0319] AA18. The method of embodiment AA6, wherein reporting device-based location information comprises reporting device-based location information in response to one or more of:

[0320] expiry of a response time indicated by configuration signalling;

[0321] Termination of the location session;

[0322] A need exists for a wireless communication network to validate a location estimate determined by a wireless device.

[0323] AA19. The method of embodiment AA6, wherein reporting the device-based positioning information comprises: reporting the device-based positioning information in response to a request for the device-based positioning information received from a wireless communication network.

[0324] AA20. The method of any one of embodiments AA1-AA20, wherein the configuration signaling configures the wireless device to include device-based positioning information in the recorded minimization of drive tests.

[0325] AA. The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments, further comprising:

[0326] Provide user data; and

[0327] The user data is forwarded to the host computer via transmission to the base station.

[0328] Group B Example

[0329] B1. A method for assisting radio access technology (RAT) related positioning performed by a network node, the method comprising:

[0330] Sending assistance data to the wireless device to assist the wireless device in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the assistance data is based on device-specific information, and the device-specific information includes one or more of the following:

[0331] a subscription associated with the wireless device;

[0332] one or more capabilities of the wireless device;

[0333] one or more location requirements for a wireless device;

[0334] One or more reasons why the wireless device requires assistance data; or

[0335] The location or path information of the wireless device.

[0336] B2. The method of embodiment B1, wherein the assistance data includes cell-specific information for one or more cells.

[0337] B3. The method of embodiment B2, wherein, for each of the one or more cells, the cell-specific information includes one or more of the following:

[0338] The identity of the community;

[0339] the location of the cell;

[0340] a real-time difference between the cell and each of one or more other cells in the one or more cells; or

[0341] A drift rate between the cell and each of one or more other cells in the one or more cells.

[0342] B4. A method according to any one of embodiments B2-B3, wherein which cell or cells the assistance data includes cell-specific information is based on device-specific information.

[0343] B5. A method according to any one of embodiments B2-B4, wherein the one or more cells for which the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information include one or more cells in or near a path where the wireless device will or is expected to move based on the location or path information of the wireless device.

[0344] B6. The method of embodiment B5, wherein the path that the wireless device will or is expected to move is determined based on one or more of the following:

[0345] the wireless device reporting the reported path as the path of the wireless device;

[0346] a learned path that machine learning predicts to be the path of the wireless device; or

[0347] The previously traversed path that the wireless device traversed in the past.

[0348] B7. The method of any one of embodiments B4-B6, wherein:

[0349] For which cell cluster or clusters the assistance data comprises cell specific information is based on device specific information; and / or

[0350] For which cell cluster area or areas the assistance data comprises cell specific information is based on the device specific information.

[0351] B8. A method according to any one of embodiments B2-B7, wherein how many cells the assistance data includes cell-specific information is based on device-specific information.

[0352] B9. The method of any one of embodiments B2-B8, wherein the number of cells for which the assistance data includes cell-specific information increases as one or more of the following increases:

[0353] a level of subscription associated with the wireless device;

[0354] the quality of positioning service required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device; or

[0355] The memory capacity and / or processing power of the wireless device.

[0356] B10. The method of any one of embodiments B8-B9, wherein:

[0357] How many cell clusters the assistance data includes cell-specific information for is based on the device-specific information;

[0358] how many cells are included in the one or more cell clusters for which the assistance data includes cell specific information is based on the device specific information;

[0359] How many cell cluster areas the assistance data includes cell specific information for is based on the device specific information; and / or

[0360] How many cell clusters are included in the one or more regions for which the assistance data includes cell specific information is based on the device specific information.

[0361] B11. A method according to any one of embodiments B2-B10, wherein the auxiliary data includes which type or types of cell-specific information is based on device-specific information.

[0362] B12. A method according to any one of embodiments B2-B11, wherein whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of one or more cells depends on the level of subscription associated with the wireless device and / or on the positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device.

[0363] B13. A method according to any one of embodiments B2-B12, wherein the one or more cells for which the auxiliary data includes cell-specific information include one or more cells belonging to one or more cell clusters and / or one or more cell cluster areas.

[0364] B14. The method of embodiment B13, wherein one or more cell clusters correspond to or are mapped to one or more radio network areas.

[0365] B15. The method according to any one of embodiments B1-B14 also includes: determining auxiliary data based on device-specific information.

[0366] B16. The method of embodiment B15, wherein the determining comprises determining one or more of the following based on the device-specific information:

[0367] for which cell(s), cell cluster(s), and / or cell cluster area(s) the assistance data is to include cell specific information;

[0368] how many cells, cell clusters, and / or cell cluster areas the assistance data is to include cell-specific information for; and

[0369] For each of one or more cells, one or more cell clusters, or one or more cell cluster areas, the assistance data is to include which type or types of cell specific information.

[0370] B17. The method of any one of embodiments B1-B16, wherein the one or more reasons why the wireless device requires assistance data include:

[0371] Pedestrian navigation;

[0372] Low mobility vehicle navigation;

[0373] High-speed mobility; and / or

[0374] Verify the position obtained from the RAT-independent positioning.

[0375] B18. The method of any one of embodiments B1-B17 further includes receiving control signaling indicating at least some of the device-specific information from the wireless device.

[0376] B19. A method according to embodiment B18, wherein the control signaling includes or is included in a mobile-initiated location request message.

[0377] B20. The method of any one of embodiments B18-B19, wherein at least some of the device-specific information indicated by the control signaling includes at least one or more of the following:

[0378] one or more capabilities of the wireless device;

[0379] one or more location requirements for a wireless device;

[0380] One or more reasons why the wireless device requires assistance data; or

[0381] The location or path information of the wireless device.

[0382] B21. The method according to any one of embodiments B1-B20 also includes: sending validity information to the wireless device indicating how long the auxiliary data will be valid.

[0383] B22. A method according to any one of embodiments B1-B21, wherein the network node is a location server.

[0384] B23. A method according to any one of embodiments B1-B22, wherein the network node implements a location management function (LMF).

[0385] B24. A method according to any one of embodiments B1-B21, wherein the network node is configured to perform mobility management.

[0386] B25. A method according to any one of embodiments B1-B21 and B24, wherein the network node implements an access and mobility function (AMF).

[0387] B26. A method according to any one of embodiments B1-B25, wherein the RAT-related positioning includes downlink observed arrival time difference.

[0388] BB1. A method for configuring device-based positioning performed by a network node in a wireless communication network, the method comprising:

[0389] sending assistance data for device-based positioning to the wireless device; and

[0390] Configuration signaling is sent to the wireless device, the configuration signaling configuring the wireless device to use the assistance data to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, and to store the device-based positioning information at the wireless device at least until the wireless device reports the device-based positioning information in a connected mode.

[0391] BB2. A method for configuring device-based positioning performed by a network node in a wireless communication network, the method comprising:

[0392] sending assistance data for device-based positioning to the wireless device; and

[0393] Send configuration signaling to the wireless device, which configures the wireless device to:

[0394] using the assistance data to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode; and

[0395] Report device-based positioning information in connected mode when reporting conditions are met.

[0396] BB3. A method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB2, wherein the idle mode is a radio resource control RRC idle mode, and wherein the inactive mode is an RRC inactive mode.

[0397] BB4. The method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB5 further includes: receiving a report based on device positioning information when the wireless device is in a connected mode according to configuration signaling.

[0398] BB5. The method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB4 also includes: verifying the location of the wireless device based on device-based positioning information reported to the network node when the wireless device is in a connected mode.

[0399] BB6. The method of any one of embodiments BB1-BB5, wherein the device-based positioning information includes one or more of the following:

[0400] Positioning measurements performed by wireless devices;

[0401] An estimate of a location of a wireless device determined by the wireless device.

[0402] BB7. A method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB6, wherein the network node is a location server in a wireless communication network.

[0403] BB8. A method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB7, wherein the configuration signaling indicates one or more events, the occurrence of which will trigger the wireless device to store device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0404] BB9. The method of embodiment BB8, wherein the one or more events include: the wireless device switching from being served by a cell belonging to one cell cluster to being served by a cell belonging to a different cell cluster.

[0405] BB10. The method of embodiment BB8, wherein the one or more events include: the wireless device switching from being served by a cell belonging to one radio network area RNA to being served by a cell belonging to a different RNA.

[0406] BB11. A method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB10, wherein the configuration signaling indicates one or more events, and the occurrence of the one or more events will trigger the wireless device to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode.

[0407] BB12. The method of embodiment BB11, wherein the occurrence of one or more events triggers the wireless device to perform positioning measurements.

[0408] BB13. A method according to any one of embodiments BB11-BB12, wherein one or more events include: fluctuations in parameters of at least a defined fluctuation threshold.

[0409] BB14. A method according to embodiment BB13, wherein the parameters include geometric precision reduction or reference signal received power.

[0410] BB15. A method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB14, wherein the configuration signaling indicates a response time, and expiration of the response time will trigger the wireless device to report device-based positioning information.

[0411] BB16. The method of embodiment BB4, wherein the report includes one or more of the following:

[0412] A timestamp associated with the positioning measurement;

[0413] a list of one or more cells in which the wireless device performs positioning measurements; or

[0414] One or more positioning measurements associated with corresponding timestamps.

[0415] BB17. The method of embodiment BB4, wherein the report is received in response to one or more of:

[0416] expiry of a response time indicated by configuration signalling;

[0417] Termination of the location session;

[0418] A need exists for a wireless communication network to validate a location estimate determined by a wireless device.

[0419] BB18. The method of embodiment BB4 further includes sending a request to the wireless device to report device-based positioning information stored when the wireless device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, and wherein the report is received in response to the request.

[0420] BB19. A method according to any one of embodiments BB1-BB19, wherein the configuration signaling configures the wireless device to include device-based positioning information in the recorded minimization of drive tests.

[0421] BB. The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments, further comprising:

[0422] obtain user data; and

[0423] Forwards user data to a host computer or wireless device.

[0424] Group C Example

[0425] C1. A wireless device configured to perform any of the steps described in any one of Group A embodiments.

[0426] C2. A wireless device comprising a processing circuit configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group A embodiments.

[0427] C3. A wireless device comprising:

[0428] communications circuits; and

[0429] A processing circuit configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group A embodiments.

[0430] C4. A wireless device comprising:

[0431] A processing circuit configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group A embodiments; and

[0432] A power circuit is configured to provide power to the wireless device.

[0433] C5. A wireless device comprising:

[0434] A processing circuit and a memory, the memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuit, whereby the wireless device is configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group A embodiments.

[0435] C6. A user equipment (UE), comprising:

[0436] an antenna configured to transmit and receive wireless signals;

[0437] a radio front end circuit connected to the antenna and the processing circuit and configured to condition signals transmitted between the antenna and the processing circuit;

[0438] The processing circuit is configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group A embodiments;

[0439] an input interface connected to the processing circuitry and configured to allow information to be input into the UE for processing by the processing circuitry;

[0440] an output interface connected to the processing circuit and configured to output information from the UE that has been processed by the processing circuit; and

[0441] A battery is connected to the processing circuit and configured to supply power to the UE.

[0442] C7. A computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of a wireless device, cause the wireless device to perform the steps of any one of Group A embodiments.

[0443] C8. A carrier containing the computer program according to embodiment C7, wherein the carrier is one of an electronic signal, an optical signal, a radio signal or a computer-readable storage medium.

[0444] C9. A network node configured to perform any step according to any one of the embodiments in Group B.

[0445] C10. A network node comprising a processing circuit configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group B embodiments.

[0446] C11. A network node, comprising:

[0447] communications circuits; and

[0448] A processing circuit configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group B embodiments.

[0449] C12. A network node, comprising:

[0450] A processing circuit configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group B embodiments;

[0451] A power supply circuit is configured to supply power to the network node.

[0452] C13. A network node, comprising:

[0453] A processing circuit and a memory, the memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuit, whereby the network node is configured to perform any of the steps according to any one of Group B embodiments.

[0454] C14. A network node according to any one of embodiments C9-C13, wherein the network node is a location server or is configured to perform mobility management.

[0455] C15. A computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of the network node, cause a radio network node to perform the steps according to any one of Group B embodiments.

[0456] C16. The computer program of embodiment C14, wherein the network node is a location server or is configured to perform mobility management.

[0457] C17. A carrier comprising the computer program according to any one of embodiments C15-C16, wherein the carrier is one of an electronic signal, an optical signal, a radio signal or a computer-readable storage medium.

[0458] Group D Examples

[0459] D1-D8. Reserved.

[0460] D9. A communication system comprising a host computer, the host computer comprising:

[0461] processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and

[0462] a communication interface configured to forward user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE);

[0463] The UE includes a radio interface and a processing circuit, and the components of the UE are configured to perform any steps according to any one of the embodiments in Group A.

[0464] D10. The communication system according to the previous embodiment, wherein the cellular network further includes a base station configured to communicate with the UE.

[0465] D11. A communication system according to the first two embodiments, wherein:

[0466] The processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application to provide user data; and

[0467] The processing circuitry of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with a host application.

[0468] D12. A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:

[0469] At the host computer, providing user data; and

[0470] At a host computer, a transmission carrying user data to a UE via a cellular network including a base station is initiated, wherein the UE performs any of the steps according to any one of Group A embodiments.

[0471] D13. The method according to the previous embodiment further includes: at the UE, receiving user data from the base station.

[0472] D14. A communication system comprising a host computer, the host computer comprising:

[0473] a communications interface configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from a user equipment (UE) to a base station;

[0474] The UE includes a radio interface and a processing circuit, and the processing circuit of the UE is configured to perform any step according to any one of the embodiments in Group A.

[0475] D15. According to the communication system described in the previous embodiment, it also includes: UE.

[0476] D16. The communication system according to the first two embodiments further includes: a base station, wherein the base station includes: a radio interface configured to communicate with the UE; and a communication interface configured to forward user data carried by the transmission from the UE to the base station to the host computer.

[0477] D17. A communication system according to the first three embodiments, wherein:

[0478] The processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application; and

[0479] The processing circuitry of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application to provide user data.

[0480] D18. A communication system according to the first four embodiments, wherein:

[0481] The processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute the host application to provide the requested data; and

[0482] The processing circuitry of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application to provide user data in response to the request data.

[0483] D19. A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:

[0484] At a host computer, user data transmitted from a UE to a base station is received, wherein the UE performs any of the steps according to any one of the embodiments of group A.

[0485] D20. The method according to the previous embodiment further includes: at the UE, providing user data to the base station.

[0486] D21. The method according to the first two embodiments further includes:

[0487] At the UE, executing a client application, thereby providing user data to be sent; and

[0488] At the host computer, a host application associated with the client application is executed.

[0489] D22. The method according to the first three embodiments further includes:

[0490] At the UE, executing a client application; and

[0491] receiving, at the UE, input data to the client application, the input data being provided at a host computer by executing a host application associated with the client application;

[0492] The user data to be sent is provided by the client application in response to the input data.

[0493] D23-D26. Reserved.

[0494] D27. A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:

[0495] At a host computer, user data originating from a transmission that the base station has received from a UE is received from a base station, wherein the UE performs any of the steps according to any one of Group A of Embodiments.

[0496] D28. The method according to the previous embodiment also includes: receiving user data from the UE at the base station.

[0497] D29. The method according to the first two embodiments further includes: at the base station, initiating transmission of the received user data to a host computer.

Claims

1. A method for radio access technology (RAT)-dependent positioning in a wireless communication network (10) performed by a wireless device (12), the method comprising: receiving (320) from a network node (18) assistance data (20) for assisting the wireless device (12) in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the assistance data (20) is based on device-specific information including a level of subscription associated with the wireless device (12), and wherein the assistance data (20) includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein, for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information includes a real-time difference between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and each of one or more other cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein the assistance data (20) includes the real-time difference information if the level of the subscription is above a threshold level; and Based on the assistance from the assistance data (20), the RAT-dependent positioning is performed (330).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: For each cell, cell cluster, or cluster area in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information further includes at least one of any one or more of the following: The identity of the community; the location of the cell; and A drift rate between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and each other cell, cell cluster, or cluster area in one or more other cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: Which of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas the assistance data (20) comprises cell specific information is based on the device specific information.

4. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: The device-specific information also includes location or path information of the wireless device (12), and wherein the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas for which the auxiliary data (20) includes cell-specific information include one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in or near a path that the wireless device (12) will or is expected to move based on the location or path information of the wireless device (12).

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: How many cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas the assistance data (20) comprises cell specific information for is based on the device specific information.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: The number of cells, cell clusters or cluster areas for which the assistance data (20) includes cell specific information increases as the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device (12) increases.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: The number of cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas for which the assistance data (20) includes cell-specific information increases as at least one of any one or more of the following increases: a positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12); and The storage capacity and / or processing capacity of the wireless device (12).

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: The assistance data (20) includes which type or types of cell-specific information is based on the device-specific information.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: Whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas depends on the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device (12).

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: Whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas also depends on the positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12), wherein the device-specific information also includes the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12).

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The device-specific information also includes at least one of any one or more of the following: one or more capabilities of the wireless device (12); one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12); one or more reasons why the wireless device (12) requires the assistance data (20); and Location or path information of the wireless device (12).

12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising: Control signaling is sent (300) from the wireless device (12) to the network node (18) indicating at least one of any one or more of the following: the one or more capabilities of the wireless device (12); the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12); the one or more reasons why the wireless device (12) requires the assistance data (20); or The location or path information of the wireless device (12).

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: receiving validity information from the network node (18) indicating how long the assistance data (20) will be valid; as well as In response to the assistance data (20) becoming invalid, updated assistance data (20) is requested.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The network node (18) is a location server or is configured to perform mobility management.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The RAT-related positioning includes downlink observed time difference of arrival.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: Receiving (610) configuration signaling from the wireless communication network (10), the configuration signaling configuring the wireless device (12) to use the assistance data (20) to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device (12) is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, and performing any of the following: storing the device-based positioning information at the wireless device (12) at least until the wireless device (12) reports the device-based positioning information in a connected mode; or When the reporting condition is met, the device-based positioning information is reported in the connected mode.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein: The configuration signaling indicates one or more events, the occurrence of which will trigger the wireless device (12) to obtain and / or store the device-based positioning information when the wireless device (12) is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, wherein the one or more events include: The wireless device (12) switches from being served by a cell belonging to one cell cluster to being served by a cell belonging to a different cell cluster; or The parameter fluctuates by at least a defined fluctuation threshold.

18. A method for assisting radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning performed by a network node (18), the method comprising: Sending (420) to a wireless device (12) assistance data (20) for assisting the wireless device (12) in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the assistance data (20) is based on device-specific information including a level of subscription associated with the wireless device (12), and wherein the assistance data (20) includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein, for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information includes a real-time difference between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and one or more other cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, and wherein the assistance data (20) includes the real-time difference information if the level of subscription is above a threshold level.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein: For each cell, cell cluster, or cluster area in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information further includes at least one of any one or more of the following: The identity of the community; the location of the cell; and A drift rate between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and each other cell, cell cluster, or cluster area in one or more other cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: Which of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas the assistance data (20) comprises cell specific information is based on the device specific information.

21. The method according to any one of claims 19-20, wherein: The device-specific information also includes location or path information of the wireless device (12), and wherein the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas for which the auxiliary data (20) includes cell-specific information include one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in or near a path that the wireless device (12) will or is expected to move based on the location or path information of the wireless device (12).

22. The method according to any one of claims 19-20, wherein: How many cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas the assistance data (20) comprises cell specific information for is based on the device specific information.

23. The method according to any one of claims 19-20, wherein: The number of cells for which the assistance data (20) includes cell specific information increases as the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device (12) increases.

24. The method according to any one of claims 19-20, wherein: The number of cells for which the assistance data (20) includes cell-specific information increases as at least one of any one or more of the following increases: a positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12); and The storage capacity and / or processing capacity of the wireless device (12).

25. The method according to any one of claims 19-20, wherein: The assistance data (20) includes which type or types of cell-specific information is based on the device-specific information.

26. The method according to any one of claims 19-20, wherein: Whether the cell-specific information includes real-time difference information for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas depends on the level of the subscription associated with the wireless device (12), and / or on the positioning service quality required by one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12), wherein the device-specific information also includes the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12).

27. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, further comprising: The assistance data (20) is determined (410) based on the device specific information.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein: The determining includes determining at least one of any one or more of the following based on the device-specific information: The auxiliary data (20) is to include cell-specific information for which cell(s), cell cluster(s), and / or cell cluster area(s); how many cells, cell clusters, and / or cell cluster areas the assistance data (20) is to include cell-specific information for; as well as For each of one or more cells, one or more cell clusters, or one or more cell cluster areas, the assistance data (20) is to include which type or types of cell specific information.

29. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein: The device-specific information also includes at least one of any one or more of the following: one or more capabilities of the wireless device (12); one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12); one or more reasons why the wireless device (12) requires the assistance data (20); and Location or path information of the wireless device (12).

30. The method of claim 29, further comprising: Receiving (400) control signaling from the wireless device (12) indicating at least one of any one or more of the following: the one or more capabilities of the wireless device (12); the one or more positioning requirements of the wireless device (12); the one or more reasons why the wireless device (12) requires the assistance data (20); or The location or path information of the wireless device (12).

31. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, further comprising: Validity information is sent to the wireless device (12) indicating how long the assistance data (20) will be valid.

32. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein: The network node (18) is a location server or is configured to perform mobility management.

33. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein: The RAT-related positioning includes downlink observed time difference of arrival.

34. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, further comprising: Sending (710) configuration signaling to the wireless device (12), the configuration signaling configuring the wireless device (12) to use the assistance data (20) to obtain device-based positioning information when the wireless device (12) is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, and performing any of the following: storing the device-based positioning information at the wireless device (12) at least until the wireless device (12) reports the device-based positioning information in a connected mode; or When the reporting condition is met, the device-based positioning information is reported in the connected mode.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein: The configuration signaling indicates one or more events, the occurrence of which will trigger the wireless device (12) to obtain and / or store the device-based positioning information when the wireless device (12) is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, wherein the one or more events include: The wireless device (12) switches from being served by a cell belonging to one cell cluster to being served by a cell belonging to a different cell cluster; or The parameter fluctuates by at least a defined fluctuation threshold.

36. A wireless device (12) configured for radio access technology (RAT)-dependent positioning in a wireless communication network (10), the wireless device (12) being configured to: Receiving assistance data (20) from a network node (18) for assisting the wireless device (12) in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein: The assistance data (20) is based on device-specific information including a level of subscription associated with the wireless device (12), and wherein the assistance data (20) includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein, for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information includes a real-time difference between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and each of one or more other cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein the assistance data (20) includes the real-time difference information if the level of subscription is above a threshold level; and Based on the assistance from the assistance data (20), the RAT-dependent positioning is performed.

37. The wireless device (12) of claim 36, configured to perform the method of any of claims 2-17.

38. A network node (18) configured to assist in radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning, the network node (18) being configured to: Sending assistance data (20) to a wireless device (12) to assist the wireless device (12) in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein: The auxiliary data (20) is based on device-specific information including a level of subscription associated with the wireless device (12), and wherein the auxiliary data (20) includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein, for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information includes a real-time difference between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and one or more other cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, and each other cell, cell cluster, or cluster area in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein if the level of subscription is above a threshold level, the auxiliary data (20) includes the real-time difference information.

39. The network node according to claim 38, configured to perform the method according to any of claims 19-35.

40. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor of a wireless device (12), cause the wireless device (12) to perform the method of any one of claims 1-17.

41. A computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of a network node (18), cause the network node (18) to perform a method according to any one of claims 18-35.

42. A wireless device (12, 800) configured for radio access technology (RAT)-dependent positioning in a wireless communication network (10), the wireless device (12, 800) comprising: Communication circuit (820); as well as A processing circuit (810) configured to: receiving assistance data (20) from a network node (18) for assisting the wireless device (12, 800) in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the assistance data (20) is based on device-specific information including a level of subscription associated with the wireless device (12, 800), and wherein the assistance data (20) includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein, for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information includes a real-time difference between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and each of one or more other cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein the assistance data (20) includes the real-time difference information if the level of the subscription is above a threshold level; and Based on the assistance from the assistance data (20), the RAT-dependent positioning is performed.

43. The wireless device of claim 42, the processing circuit (810) being configured to perform the method of any one of claims 2-17.

44. A network node (18, 900) configured to assist in radio access technology (RAT)-related positioning, the network node (18, 900) comprising: Communication circuit (920); as well as A processing circuit (910) configured to: send auxiliary data (20) to a wireless device (12) to assist the wireless device (12) in performing RAT-related positioning, wherein the auxiliary data (20) is based on device-specific information including a level of subscription associated with the wireless device (12), and wherein the auxiliary data (20) includes cell-specific information for one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein for each of the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, the cell-specific information includes a real-time difference between the cell, cell cluster, or cluster area and one or more other cells, cell clusters, or each other cell, cell cluster, or cluster area in the one or more cells, cell clusters, or cluster areas, wherein if the level of the subscription is above a threshold level, the auxiliary data (20) includes the real-time difference information.

45. The network node according to claim 44, the processing circuit (910) being configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 19-35.

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